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  • Coding without Grock. Is it wrong?

    - by OldCurmudgeon
    Should a professional programmer allow themselves to write code without completely understanding the requirements? In my 30+ years as a programmer I must have written many thousands of lines of code without completely understanding what is required of me at the time. In most cases the results were rubbish that should have been discarded. Every other industry that employs professionals has systems to root out such behavior. Ours does not. Is this right?

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  • Programming Language Choices for High Integrity Systems

    - by Finbarr
    What programming languages are a good choice for High Integrity Systems? An example of a bad choice is Java as there is a considerable amount of code that is inaccessible to the programmer. I am looking for examples of strongly typed, block structured languages where the programmer is responsible for 100% of the code, and there is as little interference from things like a JVM as possible. Compilers will obviously be an issue. Language must have a complete and unambiguous definition.

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  • Which of these two Android books, and why?

    - by mawg
    Both get five star customer reviews on Android. I suspect that there will be an 80%+ overlap in contents, so can anyone say which to buy and why? Professional Android 2 Application Development (Wrox Programmer to Programmer) Pro Android 2 If any one has read either, or both, I am particularly interested in developing wifi applications.

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  • How to design a command line program reusable for a future development of a GUI?

    - by systempuntoout
    What are some best practices to keep in mind when developing a script program that could be integrated with a GUI, probably by somebody else, in the future? Possible scenario: i develop a fancy python CLI program that scrapes every unicorn images from the web i decide to publish it on github a unicorn fan programmer decides to take the sources and build a GUI on them. he\she gives up because my code is not reusable How do i avoid step four and let unicorn fan programmer build his\her GUI without hassle?

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  • Does Java program never crashes

    - by singh
    Hi I am a c++ programmer , I know little bit about java. As in java programmer do not deal with memory directly, in C++ application most of crashes are due to memory corruptions. So an application written in Java will never crash due to memory relate issue. Thanks

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  • Can a System Analyst come outside of programming?

    - by WeNeedAnswers
    Back in the day, if you wanted to be a Systems Analyst you had to work up the ranks from humble programmer. But these days there are University Courses/Programmes based on this topic alone. Is it thus valid for a graduate or post graduate to come into the world and just do systems analyst without doing the graft of being a programmer first, getting to know the nuances of what code is all about.

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  • Can any language potentially be used to create any program?

    - by Matt
    I've heard that given a programmer with enough time and skill in any particular language and enough lines of code, then any program could be created with any given language. I know its certainly not going to be cost-efficient, for instance, to rewrite Adobe Photoshop in BASIC, but could a good enough and patient enough programmer potentially create any program in any language?

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  • What is the difference between a private and public funtion?

    - by Kyle
    I am a new programmer, and I started in C and am now starting to enjoy JavaScript and a tiny bit of PHP more. Lately I've heard the terms 'private' and 'public' functions a lot. Could anybody give an explanation of the both and how they are of use to a programmer? And I'm probably totally wrong here... but is a (function(){}) in javascript a private function?

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  • Windows Programming in C++

    - by JMSA
    Being a C#/Java programmer, I really need to know a fact: Has Windows Programming with Win32SDK/MFC/wxWidget become antiquated? What is the status of popularity of these technologies in software industry now? Being a C#/Java programmer, do I need to learn Win32SDK/MFC/wxWidget now?

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  • What is the relationship between programming and music?

    - by pheze
    Who here is both a musician and a programmer? I would also be curious to know which instruments you play, the ages at which you started programming and playing music, your personal experiences, etc. Perhaps we can find a relationship between these two things. I'll begin: Piano since 10, Computer since 12, I am 21. Note: Question originally from pheze.myopenid.com. Related: Jazz Programmer

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  • C# tutorial for beginners

    - by see-sharp
    I am still a beginner programmer, though I know some basics of C#. I want to be a professional programmer. What tutorials can I use to learn C# from this point-of-view? I am in no hurry; I just want to be perfect. I am dedicated in terms of time and hard-work. I searched Google, but I'm not finding impressive beginner resources.

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  • java swt design patterns

    - by zachary
    What are some good design patterns for creating a form in java? I have an app that has 6 tabs with a different form in each. How does the typical java programmer go about making these items accessible? For example as a wpf programmer I might databind all these controls to underlying objects. What do java programmers like to do?

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  • Python — Time complexity of built-in functions versus manually-built functions in finite fields

    - by stackuser
    Generally, I'm wondering about the advantages versus disadvantages of using the built-in arithmetic functions versus rolling your own in Python. Specifically, I'm taking in GF(2) finite field polynomials in string format, converting to base 2 values, performing arithmetic, then output back into polynomials as string format. So a small example of this is in multiplication: Rolling my own: def multiply(a,b): bitsa = reversed("{0:b}".format(a)) g = [(b<<i)*int(bit) for i,bit in enumerate(bitsa)] return reduce(lambda x,y: x+y,g) Versus the built-in: def multiply(a,b): # a,b are GF(2) polynomials in binary form .... return a*b #returns product of 2 polynomials in gf2 Currently, operations like multiplicative inverse (with for example 20 bit exponents) take a long time to run in my program as it's using all of Python's built-in mathematical operations like // floor division and % modulus, etc. as opposed to making my own division, remainder, etc. I'm wondering how much of a gain in efficiency and performance I can get by building these manually (as shown above). I realize the gains are dependent on how well the manual versions are built, that's not the question. I'd like to find out 'basically' how much advantage there is over the built-in's. So for instance, if multiplication (as in the example above) is well-suited for base 10 (decimal) arithmetic but has to jump through more hoops to change bases to binary and then even more hoops in operating (so it's lower efficiency), that's what I'm wondering. Like, I'm wondering if it's possible to bring the time down significantly by building them myself in ways that maybe some professionals here have already come across.

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  • links for 2010-05-25

    - by Bob Rhubart
    Oracle Customer Success Self-Assessment Free, 10-minute online self-assessment designed to share Oracle Customer Services good practices across five domains: Strategy, Process, Technology, People, and Governance. (tags: oracle otn entarch) Porus Homi Havewala: Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Grid Control simplifies RAC management in Oracle Exadata V2 "In Oracle Database 11g Release 2, which is the latest version of the database used in Oracle Exadata Version 2, RAC install and management is vastly simplified, especially if you are using Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Grid Control." Oracle ACE Director Porus Homi Havewala (tags: oracle otn architect ace grid database exadata) @fteter: Just Do It "Make a [SOA] business case based on a job that needs to be done (or currently gets done in a cumbersome way) and make a business case specific to that job that needs doing." Oracle ACE Director Floyd Teter (tags: oracle otn oracleace soa architect entarch) Jeff Davies: Tidbits of goodness - Podcasts, REST, JSON SOA author Jeff Davies shares links and insight into new SCA, BPEL and Oracle Adapters code samples for the Oracle Service Bus 11g release. (tags: oracle otn soa sca bpel) On-Demand Webcast – Drive Efficiency and Reduce Cost with Oracle's Sun SPARC Enterprise Servers Learn how refreshing legacy systems onto the latest server technology can optimize datacenter efficiency and reduce TCO. (tags: oracle webcast sparc servers datacenter)

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  • BPM11g Launch - Spotlight on Innovation: A Unified Business Process Management Solution June 17th 2

    - by Jürgen Kress
    Spotlight on Innovation: A Unified Business Process Management Solution Thursday, June 17th, 2010 10 a.m. PT / 18:00 UK / 19:00 CET Presented by: Hasan Rizvi Senior Vice President Oracle Product Management Business Process Management (BPM) is essential for managing change and increasing business visibility, agility, and efficiency. To make the most of BPM, businesses today need to benefit from a new generation of process management solutions. Join Hasan Rizvi, Senior Vice President, Oracle Product Development, as he discusses Oracle’s innovations in the new BPM Suite 11g which will define the next generation of process management. Discover how you can leverage this complete, open, and integrated BPM solution that delivers: Management of all types of processes; including system, human, document, and decision-centric A simplified path to achieving greater business visibility, agility, and efficiency A unified process foundation that simplifies process management with a unified process engine and preintegration of process subsystems User-centric design that simplifies process modeling and interaction Social BPM interaction that provides social computing in the context of BPM to simplify and add richness to collaboration Register today for this live Webcast, another edition in a series introducing the next wave of products in Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g. Did you missed our BPM 11g webcast with Clemens Utschig-Utschig? The recorded version is now available! Here is your feedback: First experience with BPMN 2.0 in Oracle BPM Studio 11g by Hajo Normann Warum Oracle BPM Studio 11g? by Torsten Winterberg Oracle BPM 11g, less is more by Léon Smiers Oracle BPM 11g Integration with ADF and WebCenter Suite by Andrejus Baranovskis Oracle BPM11g available! by Guido Schmutz Listen to more feedback here. If you are working on BPM 11g projects and you would like to attend a hands-on training session, please contact Jürgen Kress. Technorati Tags: BPM,BPMN2.0,SOA,Hasan Rizvi,SOA Partner Community

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  • Hill International Wins Oracle Eco-Enterprise Innovation Award

    - by Evelyn Neumayr
    In my last blog entry, I discussed Oracle’s Eco-Enterprise Innovation Award, part of the Oracle Excellence awards. Nominations for this year’s awards are due July 17. These awards are presented to organizations that use Oracle products to reduce their environmental footprint while improving their operational efficiency. One of last year’s winners was Hill International. Engineering News-Record magazine recently ranked Hill as the eighth-largest construction management firm in the United States. Hill International was able to streamline its forecasting and improve its visibility into its construction projects’ productivity and profitability using Oracle Primavera. They also implemented Oracle Hyperion Financial Management to standardize its financial reporting and forecasting processes and support its decision-making. With Oracle, Hill gained visibility into the true productivity of each project and cut its financial reporting cycle time from two weeks to one. The company also used the data generated to support new construction project proposals and determine the profitability of potential projects. Hill International realized significant cost savings and reduced its environmental impact on its US$400 million Comcast Center construction project in Philadelphia by centralizing its data storage, reducing paper usage, and maximizing project efficiency. It also leveraged the increased visibility offered by the Oracle solutions to make more environmentally-sound business decisions regarding on-site demolition, re-use of previous structures, green design of new facilities, procurement, and materials usage. See more about Hill International and the other Eco-Enterprise Innovation award winners here.  

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  • Jagran Prakashan Increases Staff Productivity by 40%

    - by Michael Snow
    Jagran Prakashan Increases Staff Productivity by 40%, Launches New IT Projects up to 4x Faster, Enables Mobile Service, and Improves Business Agility Oracle Customer: JPL Location:  Uttar Pradesh, India Industry: Media and Entertainment Employees:  10,000 Annual Revenue:  $100 to $500 Million Jagran Prakashan Ltd. (JPL) is one of India's premier media and communications groups with interests spanning print, advertising, event management, and mobile services for weather, cricket scores, and educational activities. It is a major media enterprise, with 300 locations across 15 states. Its impressive stable of print publications includes Dainik Jagran, the world’s most widely read daily newspaper––with a readership of over 55 million––the country’s leading afternoon dailies, and a range of popular local, bilingual, and English language newspapers. JPL was using multiple systems to manage its business processes. Users were resistant to using multiple passwords for various applications, preferring to continue their less efficient, legacy work practices. In addition, there was no single repository for sharing documents across the organization, such as company announcements or project documents. The company relied on e-mail to disseminate up-to-date company information, often missing employees. It was also time-consuming and difficult for managers to track the status of ongoing assignments or projects because collaboration and document sharing was inefficient and ineffective.With diverse businesses and many geographic locations, JPL needed to implement a centralized and user-friendly enterprise portal to improve document sharing and collaboration and increase business agility. The company implemented Oracle WebCenter Portal to create a dynamic, secure, and intuitive self-service enterprise portal to improve the user experience and increase operating efficiency. It improved staff productivity by 40%, accelerated new IT projects by up to 4x, boosted staff morale, and increased business agility.   Increases Staff Productivity by 40%, Launches New Products up to 2x Faster A word from JPL "With Oracle WebCenter Portal, we gained a dynamic, secure, and intuitive self-service enterprise portal that provided an exceptional user experience and enabled us to engage employees in a collaborative environment. It increased IT staff productivity by 40%, delivered new projects up to 4x faster, and enabled mobile service to improve our business agility.” Sarbani Bhatia, Vice President IT, Jagran Prakashahn Ltd Before implementing Oracle WebCenter Portal, JPL stored project-critical information, such as page planning of daily newspaper editions and the launch of new editions or supplements on individual laptops or in the e-mail system. Collaboration between colleagues was limited to physical meetings, telephone discussions, and e-mail. It was difficult to trace and recover important project documents when a staff member resigned, which represented a significant risk to business continuity. Employees were also averse to multiple passwords and resisted using the systems, affecting staff productivity. With Oracle WebCenter Portal, JPL created a dynamic, secure, and intuitive self-service enterprise portal with business activity streams. The portal allowed users to navigate, discover, and access information, such as advertising rates, requisition approvals, ad-hoc queries, and employee surveys from a single entry point with a single password. Managers can also upload important documents, such as new pricing for advertisers or newspaper distributors, and share them through the information and instruction section in the portal. In addition, managers can now easily track and review timelines for projects online rather than gathering information from meetings and e-mails. The company gained the ability to centrally manage information, ensured business continuity, and improved staff productivity by 40%.“In the media industry, news has a very short shelf life, so speed is crucial. Information delayed is like information lost,” said Sarbani Bhatia, vice president IT, Jagran Prakashahn Ltd. “Thanks to Oracle WebCenter Portal’s contextual collaboration tools, we can provide and share feedback for new project launches, such as career or education supplements, up to 2x faster through discussion forums or knowledge groups. Tasks that previously required four months, we now complete in one month.”In addition, the company can broadcast announcements, flash employee birthdays, and promote important events through the message section on the webpage, instead of using the e-mail system. The company can also conduct opinion polls to gauge employee response to organizational issues and improve management decision-making.“With over 10,000 employees across 300 locations, it is critical for management to hear the voice of employees and develop a cohesive organizational culture. Oracle WebCenter Portal enables employees to engage with business processes and systems in a collaborative environment, providing users with an exceptional experience,” Bhatia said. Enables Mobility Access and Increases Business Agility Newspaper advertisements generate the majority of JPL’s revenue. With most sales staff on the move, the company needed to ensure timely approval of print advertisement discounts for specific clients and meet tight publication deadlines.  By integrating Oracle WebCenter Portal seamlessly with its enterprise resource planning (ERP) system and other applications, such as the organizational mass mailing system, business intelligence, and management information system, JPL embedded its approval workflow processes into the enterprise portal and provided users with an integrated and intuitive interface. About 30% of JPL’s sales staff members now have tablets and receive advertising discount approval from managers while in the field and no longer need to return to the office, which has significantly improved efficiency and increased business agility.“Application mobility was critical for sales representatives in the field to meet stringent auditing requirements for online accountability, particularly for our newspaper advertising business. Staff member satisfaction has improved significantly now that the sales team can use tablets to access the portal––a capability we will extend to smart phones in the second stage of the implementation,” Bhatia said. Accelerates Application Development by up to 4x and Cuts Costs by up to 60% With Oracle WebCenter Portal, users can easily create, modify, and upload information to their personalized webpages without IT assistance. By seamlessly integrating Oracle WebCenter Portal with the payroll database, managers can decide which members of their team can access the page and with whom they will share information, a decision based on role or geographical location. A sales representative selling advertising space for a local language daily newspaper, for example, can upload an updated advertising rate relevant only to that particular publication. Users can also easily adapt to the new platform, thanks to its intuitive design and look, reducing the need for training and lowering resistance to using the system.Using Oracle WebCenter Portal’s out-of-the-box reusable components, such as portal pages and templates, provided JPL’s developers with a comprehensive and flexible user experience platform and increased the speed of application development. In less than five months, JPL developed more than 55 workflows. The IT team accelerated deployment of new applications by up to 4x, as they do not need to install them on individual machines now that they have a web-based environment.   “Previously, we would have spent a whole day deploying a new application for each department or location. With a browser-based environment, we have cut costs by up to 60% by reducing deployment time to zero, because our IT team can roll out a new application from a single point, thanks to Oracle WebCenter Portal,” Bhatia said. Challenges Provide a dynamic, secure, and intuitive self-service enterprise portal to improve staff productivity and ensure business continuity Enable seamless integration with multiple enterprise applications to improve workflow efficiency—including approval of print advertisement discounts—and increase business agility Improve engagement with employees and enable collaboration to enhance management decision-making Accelerate time-to-market for new services, such as new advertising programs Solutions Oracle Product and ServicesOracle WebCenter Portal 11g Increased staff productivity by 40% and enhanced user satisfaction by enabling employees to easily navigate, discover, and access information from a single, self-service enterprise portal without IT assistance Launched new products, such as career or education supplements, up to 2x faster by enabling peer collaboration and incorporating feedback generated through discussion forums, thanks to Oracle WebCenter Portal’s out-of-the-box collaboration tools Accelerated application development up to 4x by enabling developers to optimize reusable components for managing and deploying new applications in a browser-based environment rather than spending one day to install applications for each department, cutting costs by up to 60% Ensured business continuity by enabling managers to easily track and review project timelines online rather than storing important documents on individual laptops or relying on the e-mail system Increased business agility and operational efficiency by seamlessly integrating with the in-house, ERP system and embedding business processes into a single portal Boosted company revenue by enabling sales team members to submit print-advertising discount requests through mobile devices instead of waiting to return to office, ensuring timely approval from managers to meet tight publication deadlines Improved management decision-making by enabling employees to easily share and access feedback through opinion polls or forums, boosting staff morale Introduced the single sign-on capability and enhanced security by enabling managers to decide access level for staff members based on role or geographical location Reduced the need for staff training and minimized user resistance to systems by providing a dynamic and intuitive user experience Why Oracle JPL did not consider other products because the company was already using Oracle Database, Enterprise Edition with Real Application Clusters and had a positive experience with Oracle. JPL chose Oracle WebCenter Portal to ensure no compatibility issues for integration with its existing Oracle products and to take advantage of the experience and support of a reputable vendor to ensure business continuity. “We chose Oracle because we knew we could rely on its support and experience. In addition, Oracle WebCenter Portal’s speed, agility, and mobile access features were a perfect fit for our business requirements,” Bhatia said. Implementation Process JPL launched the enterprise portal to 500 users in the first phase of the project, and plans to extend this to 2,000 users when the portal is fully launched. Oracle partner PricewaterhouseCoopers used Oracle Application Development Framework for the intial set-up, user training and to develop and design sample workflows. JPL’s internal IT staff then took charge of the implementation, bringing it to completion on budget. Partner Oracle PartnerPricewaterhouseCoopers (India)

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  • What is the best way to render a 2d game map?

    - by Deukalion
    I know efficiency is key in game programming and I've had some experiences with rendering a "map" earlier but probably not in the best of ways. For a 2D TopDown game: (simply render the textures/tiles of the world, nothing else) Say, you have a map of 1000x1000 (tiles or whatever). If the tile isn't in the view of the camera, it shouldn't be rendered - it's that simple. No need to render a tile that won't be seen. But since you have 1000x1000 objects in your map, or perhaps less you probably don't want to loop through all 1000*1000 tiles just to see if they're suppose to be rendered or not. Question: What is the best way to implement this efficiency? So that it "quickly/quicker" can determine what tiles are suppose to be rendered? Also, I'm not building my game around tiles rendered with a SpriteBatch so there's no rectangles, the shapes can be different sizes and have multiple points, say a curved object of 10 points and a texture inside that shape; Question: How do you determine if this kind of objects is "inside" the View of the camera? It's easy with a 48x48 rectangle, just see if it X+Width or Y+Height is in the view of the camera. Different with multiple points. Simply put, how to manage the code and the data efficiently to not having to run through/loop through a million of objects at the same time.

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  • There is No Scrum without Agile

    - by John K. Hines
    It's been interesting for me to dive a little deeper into Scrum after realizing how fragile its adoption can be.  I've been particularly impressed with James Shore's essay "Kaizen and Kaikaku" and the Net Objectives post "There are Better Alternatives to Scrum" by Alan Shalloway.  The bottom line: You can't execute Scrum well without being Agile. Personally, I'm the rare developer who has an interest in project management.  I think the methodology to deliver software is interesting, and that there are many roles whose job exists to make software development easier.  As a project lead I've seen Scrum deliver for disciplined, highly motivated teams with solid engineering practices.  It definitely made my job an order of magnitude easier.  As a developer I've experienced huge rewards from having a well-defined pipeline of tasks that were consistently delivered with high quality in short iterations.  In both of these cases Scrum was an addition to a fundamentally solid process and a huge benefit to the team. The question I'm now facing is how Scrum fits into organizations withot solid engineering practices.  The trend that concerns me is one of Scrum being mandated as the single development process across teams where it may not apply.  And we have to realize that Scurm itself isn't even a development process.  This is what worries me the most - the assumption that Scrum on its own increases developer efficiency when it is essentially an exercise in project management. Jim's essay quotes Tobias Mayer writing, "Scrum is a framework for surfacing organizational dysfunction."  I'm unsure whether a Vice President of Software Development wants to hear that, reality nonwithstanding.  Our Scrum adoption has surfaced a great deal of dysfunction, but I feel the original assumption was that we would experience increased efficiency.  It's starting to feel like a blended approach - Agile/XP techniques for developers, Scrum for project managers - may be a better fit.  Or at least, a better way of framing the conversation. The blended approach. Technorati tags: Agile Scrum

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  • Oracle BPM Marketing Update

    - by JuergenKress
    Thanks to Ajay Khanna from the global marketing team for the comprehensive BPM marketing overview: Content and Collateral Whitepaper: What's New in Oracle BPM Suite 11g: Review By Bruce Silver Business Driven Process Management Analyst Report: [Ovum] SWOT Assessment: Oracle BPM Suite 11g Solution Brief: Managing Unpredictability with BPM for Adaptive Case Management Solution brief: BPM in the Public Sector: Increasing Efficiency and Responsiveness Datasheet: Automating Financial Reports Approval with Oracle Process Accelerators Financial Services Loan Origination Business Account Opening Electronic Forms Management Public Sector Incident Reporting Oracle Process Accelerators for Horizontal Solutions Employee Onboarding References: BPM Suite Customers in Action Video: Avea Legal Department runs Better with BPM University of Melbourne Improves Efficiency with Oracle BPM Press: San Joaquin County Leverages Oracle to Deliver Better Services to its 650,000 Residents On-Demand Assets Webcast: New Directions with Business-Driven BPM - New Oracle BPM Suite Extend Your Applications with Oracle Business Process Management Screen Cast: Customer Experience on Your Mind? Think BPM + Social + Mobile Video: Introducing Oracle BPM Suite Assessment Tool : BPM Maturity Self Assessment Blog Series Transforming Public Sector With Process Excellence New Oracle Process Accelerators in Financial Services & Telco Blog: Detect, Analyze, Act Fast with BPM Part I - Manage Processes, the way Octopus does Part II - Perry Mason and the Case of the Unstructured Process Part III - Managing the Unstructured, the Flexible and the Adaptive Resource Kits BPM Resource Kit Financial Services: BPM in Financial Services Public Sector: Transforming Public Sector with Process Excellence SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Facebook Wiki Mix Forum Technorati Tags: BPM,bpm marketing,SOA Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,Community,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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  • Oracle Customer Experience (CX) Solutions Make Retailers Merry

    - by Tuula Fai
    Tis the season to be jolly. If you’re a retailer, your level of jolliness depends on sales. So you watch trends like U.S. store traffic increasing 3.5% to 308 million on Black Friday but sales actually falling 1.8% to $11.2 billion. Fortunately, by the end of November, retail sales were up 3.7% over the previous year, thanks to life recovering after Hurricane Sandy. And online sales topped $1 billion for the first time ever! Who are the companies improving their sales online? They are big names like Walgreen’s Drugstore.com, Nordstrom’s HauteLook, and Intuit. More importantly, how are they doing it? They use cutting-edge business practices enabled by Oracle’s CX Cloud Service & Support solutions to: Increase conversions rates and order sizes (Customer Acquisition) Enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty (Customer Retention) Reduce contact center costs and improve agent productivity (Operational Efficiency). Acquisition + Retention + Operational Efficiency = Sustainable Growth and Profits. That’s the magic formula for retail customer service success. Don’t take our word for it. Look at the results of these Oracle customers: Walgreen’s Drugstore—30% sales conversion rate on chat sessions with 20% increase in shopping cart size Nordstrom’s HauteLook—40,000+ interactions per month—20% growth over last year— efficiently managed by 40 agents, with no increase in IT costs Intuit—50% increase in customer satisfaction and 70% decrease in cost per interaction Using Oracle’s CX Cloud & Service solutions, these retailers deliver consistent, relevant, and personalized experiences across all touchpoints, including social, mobile, and web. Their ability to connect with customers anytime, anywhere—providing the right answer at the right time—helps them create a defensible advantage in the marketplace. Want to learn more? Please visit http://www.oracle.com/goto/cloudlaunchpad for free resources on delivering exceptional customer service in the Cloud. Also, watch our YouTube channel to learn more about seamless multichannel retail and Winston Furnishings’ exceptional customer experience.

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  • Replacing objects, handling clones, dealing with write logs

    - by Alix
    Hi everyone, I'm dealing with a problem I can't figure out how to solve, and I'd love to hear some suggestions. [NOTE: I realise I'm asking several questions; however, answers need to take into account all of the issues, so I cannot split this into several questions] Here's the deal: I'm implementing a system that underlies user applications and that protect shared objects from concurrent accesses. The application programmer (whose application will run on top of my system) defines such shared objects like this: public class MyAtomicObject { // These are just examples of fields you may want to have in your class. public virtual int x { get; set; } public virtual List<int> list { get; set; } public virtual MyClassA objA { get; set; } public virtual MyClassB objB { get; set; } } As you can see they declare the fields of their class as auto-generated properties (auto-generated means they don't need to implement get and set). This is so that I can go in and extend their class and implement each get and set myself in order to handle possible concurrent accesses, etc. This is all well and good, but now it starts to get ugly: the application threads run transactions, like this: The thread signals it's starting a transaction. This means we now need to monitor its accesses to the fields of the atomic objects. The thread runs its code, possibly accessing fields for reading or writing. If there are accesses for writing, we'll hide them from the other transactions (other threads), and only make them visible in step 3. This is because the transaction may fail and have to roll back (undo) its updates, and in that case we don't want other threads to see its "dirty" data. The thread signals it wants to commit the transaction. If the commit is successful, the updates it made will now become visible to everyone else. Otherwise, the transaction will abort, the updates will remain invisible, and no one will ever know the transaction was there. So basically the concept of transaction is a series of accesses that appear to have happened atomically, that is, all at the same time, in the same instant, which would be the moment of successful commit. (This is as opposed to its updates becoming visible as it makes them) In order to hide the write accesses in step 2, I clone the accessed field (let's say it's the field list) and put it in the transaction's write log. After that, any time the transaction accesses list, it will actually be accessing the clone in its write log, and not the global copy everyone else sees. Like this, any changes it makes will be done to the (invisible) clone, not to the global copy. If in step 3 the commit is successful, the transaction should replace the global copy with the updated list it has in its write log, and then the changes become visible for everyone else at once. It would be something like this: myAtomicObject.list = updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog; Problem #1: possible references to the list. Let's say someone puts a reference to the global list in a dictionary. When I do... myAtomicObject.list = updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog; ...I'm just replacing the reference in the field list, but not the real object (I'm not overwriting the data), so in the dictionary we'll still have a reference to the old version of the list. A possible solution would be to overwrite the data (in the case of a list, empty the global list and add all the elements of the clone). More generically, I would need to copy the fields of one list to the other. I can do this with reflection, but that's not very pretty. Is there any other way to do it? Problem #2: even if problem #1 is solved, I still have a similar problem with the clone: the application programmer doesn't know I'm giving him a clone and not the global copy. What if he puts the clone in a dictionary? Then at commit there will be some references to the global copy and some to the clone, when in truth they should all point to the same object. I thought about providing a wrapper object that contains both the cloned list and a pointer to the global copy, but the programmer doesn't know about this wrapper, so they're not going to use the pointer at all. The wrapper would be like this: public class Wrapper<T> : T { // This would be the pointer to the global copy. The local data is contained in whatever fields the wrapper inherits from T. private T thisPtr; } I do need this wrapper for comparisons: if I have a dictionary that has an entry with the global copy as key, if I look it up with the clone, like this: dictionary[updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog] I need it to return the entry, that is, to think that updatedCloneOfListInTheWriteLog and the global copy are the same thing. For this, I can just override Equals, GetHashCode, operator== and operator!=, no problem. However I still don't know how to solve the case in which the programmer unknowingly inserts a reference to the clone in a dictionary. Problem #3: the wrapper must extend the class of the object it wraps (if it's wrapping MyClassA, it must extend MyClassA) so that it's accepted wherever an object of that class (MyClass) would be accepted. However, that class (MyClassA) may be final. This is pretty horrible :$. Any suggestions? I don't need to use a wrapper, anything you can think of is fine. What I cannot change is the write log (I need to have a write log) and the fact that the programmer doesn't know about the clone. I hope I've made some sense. Feel free to ask for more info if something needs some clearing up. Thanks so much!

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