hp ux 11 31 - Page 531 - Developer IT

Wireless not working with a RaLink RT3090

- by Promather

I recently bought a new HP DV6-3118SA laptop, but I am having a very discouraging problem with wireless LAN. It simply doesn't work! Could you please help me with this? Output of lspci -k: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel Kernel modules: intel-agp 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor PCI Express x16 Root Port (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller (rev 06) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev a5) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 4 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ahci Kernel modules: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: i2c-i801 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: intel ips Kernel modules: intel_ips 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: radeon Kernel modules: radeon 01:00.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan HDMI Audio [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 02:00.0 Network controller: RaLink RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 1453 Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci Kernel modules: rt2860sta, rt2800pci 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 03) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 7f:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture Generic Non-core Registers (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:00.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture System Address Decoder (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Link 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Physical 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.2 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.3 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a

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Installing Yaws server on Ubuntu 12.04 (Using a cloud service)

- by Lee Torres

I'm trying to get a Yaws web server working on a cloud service (Amazon AWS). I've compilled and installed a local copy on the server. My problem is that I can't get Yaws to run while running on either port 8000 or port 80. I have the following configuration in yaws.conf: port = 8000 listen = 0.0.0.0 docroot = /home/ubuntu/yaws/www/test dir_listings = true This produces the following successful launch/result: Eshell V5.8.5 (abort with ^G) =INFO REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:21:06 === Yaws: Using config file /home/ubuntu/yaws.conf =INFO REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:21:06 === Ctlfile : /home/ubuntu/.yaws/yaws/default/CTL =INFO REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:21:06 === Yaws: Listening to 0.0.0.0:8000 for <3> virtual servers: - http://domU-12-31-39-0B-1A-F6:8000 under /home/ubuntu/yaws/www/trial - =INFO REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:21:06 === Yaws: Listening to 0.0.0.0:4443 for <1> virtual servers: - When I try to access the the url (http://ec2-72-44-47-235.compute-1.amazonaws.com), it never connects. I've tried using paping to check if port 80 or 8000 is open(http://code.google.com/p/paping/) and I get a "Host can not be resolved" error, so obviously something isn't working. I've also tried setting the yaws.conf so its at Port 80, appearing like this: port = 8000 listen = 0.0.0.0 docroot = /home/ubuntu/yaws/www/test dir_listings = true and I get the following error: =ERROR REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:24:47 === Yaws: Failed to listen 0.0.0.0:80 : {error,eacces} =ERROR REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:24:47 === Can't listen to socket: {error,eacces} =ERROR REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:24:47 === Top proc died, terminate gserv =ERROR REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:24:47 === Top proc died, terminate gserv =INFO REPORT==== 16-Sep-2012::17:24:47 === application: yaws exited: {shutdown,{yaws_app,start,[normal,[]]}} type: permanent {"Kernel pid terminated",application_controller," {application_start_failure,yaws,>>>>>>{shutdown,>{yaws_app,start,[normal,[]]}}}"} I've also opened up the port 80 using iptables. Running sudo iptables -L gives this output: Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- ip-192-168-2-0.ec2.internal ip-192-168-2-16.ec2.internal tcp dpt:http ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0 anywhere tcp dpt:http ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination In addition, I've gone to the security group panel in the Amazon AWS configuration area, and add ports 80, 8000, and 8080 to ip source 0.0.0.0 Please note: if you try to access the URL of the virtual server now, it likely won't connect because I'm not running currently running the yaws daemon. I've tested it when I've run yaws either through yaws or yaws -i Thanks for the patience

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Configuration "diff" across Oracle WebCenter Sites instances

- by Mark Fincham-Oracle

Problem Statement With many Oracle WebCenter Sites environments - how do you know if the various configuration assets and settings are in sync across all of those environments? Background At Oracle we typically have a "W" shaped set of environments. For the "Production" environments we typically have a disaster recovery clone as well and sometimes additional QA environments alongside the production management environment. In the case of www.java.com we have 10 different environments. All configuration assets/settings (CSElements, Templates, Start Menus etc..) start life on the Development Management environment and are then published downstream to other environments as part of the software development lifecycle. Ensuring that each of these 10 environments has the same set of Templates, CSElements, StartMenus, TreeTabs etc.. is impossible to do efficiently without automation. Solution Summary The solution comprises of two components. A JSON data feed from each environment. A simple HTML page that consumes these JSON data feeds. Data Feed: Create a JSON WebService on each environment. The WebService is no more than a SiteEntry + CSElement. The CSElement queries various DB tables to obtain details of the assets/settings returning this data in a JSON feed. Report: Create a simple HTML page that uses JQuery to fetch the JSON feed from each environment and display the results in a table. Since all assets (CSElements, Templates etc..) are published between environments they will have the same last modified date. If the last modified date of an asset is different in the JSON feed or is mising from an environment entirely then highlight that in the report table. Example Solution Details Step 1: Create a Site Entry + CSElement that outputs JSON Site Entry & CSElement Setup The SiteEntry should be uncached so that the most recent configuration information is returned at all times. In the CSElement set the contenttype accordingly: Step 2: Write the CSElement Logic The basic logic, that we repeat for each asset or setting that we are interested in, is to query the DB using <ics:sql> and then loop over the resultset with <ics:listloop>. For example: <ics:sql sql="SELECT name,updateddate FROM Template WHERE status != 'VO'" listname="TemplateList" table="Template" /> "templates": [ <ics:listloop listname="TemplateList"> {"name":"<ics:listget listname="TemplateList" fieldname="name"/>", "modified":"<ics:listget listname="TemplateList" fieldname="updateddate"/>"}, </ics:listloop> ], A comprehensive list of SQL queries to fetch each configuration asset/settings can be seen in the appendix at the end of this article. For the generation of the JSON data structure you could use Jettison (the library ships with the 11.1.1.8 version of the product), native Java 7 capabilities or (as the above example demonstrates) you could roll-your-own JSON output but that is not advised. Step 3: Create an HTML Report The JavaScript logic looks something like this.. 1) Create a list of JSON feeds to fetch: ENVS['dev-mgmngt'] = 'http://dev-mngmnt.example.com/sites/ContentServer?d=&pagename=settings.json'; ENVS['dev-dlvry'] = 'http://dev-dlvry.example.com/sites/ContentServer?d=&pagename=settings.json'; ENVS['test-mngmnt'] = 'http://test-mngmnt.example.com/sites/ContentServer?d=&pagename=settings.json'; ENVS['test-dlvry'] = 'http://test-dlvry.example.com/sites/ContentServer?d=&pagename=settings.json'; 2) Create a function to get the JSON feeds: function getDataForEnvironment(url){ return $.ajax({ type: 'GET', url: url, dataType: 'jsonp', beforeSend: function (jqXHR, settings){ jqXHR.originalEnv = env; jqXHR.originalUrl = url; }, success: function(json, status, jqXHR) { console.log('....success fetching: ' + jqXHR.originalUrl); // store the returned data in ALLDATA ALLDATA[jqXHR.originalEnv] = json; }, error: function(jqXHR, status, e) { console.log('....ERROR: Failed to get data from [' + url + '] ' + status + ' ' + e); } }); } 3) Fetch each JSON feed: for (var env in ENVS) { console.log('Fetching data for env [' + env +'].'); var promisedData = getDataForEnvironment(ENVS[env]); promisedData.success(function (data) {}); } 4) For each configuration asset or setting create a table in the report For example, CSElements: 1) Get a list of unique CSElement names from all of the returned JSON data. 2) For each unique CSElement name, create a row in the table 3) Select 1 environment to represent the master or ideal state (e.g. "Everything should be like Production Delivery") 4) For each environment, compare the last modified date of this envs CSElement to the master. Highlight any differences in last modified date or missing CSElements. 5) Repeat... Appendix This section contains various SQL statements that can be used to retrieve configuration settings from the DB. Templates <ics:sql sql="SELECT name,updateddate FROM Template WHERE status != 'VO'" listname="TemplateList" table="Template" /> CSElements <ics:sql sql="SELECT name,updateddate FROM CSElement WHERE status != 'VO'" listname="CSEList" table="CSElement" /> Start Menus <ics:sql sql="select sm.id, sm.cs_name, sm.cs_description, sm.cs_assettype, sm.cs_assetsubtype, sm.cs_itemtype, smr.cs_rolename, p.name from StartMenu sm, StartMenu_Sites sms, StartMenu_Roles smr, Publication p where sm.id=sms.ownerid and sm.id=smr.cs_ownerid and sms.pubid=p.id order by sm.id" listname="startList" table="Publication,StartMenu,StartMenu_Roles,StartMenu_Sites"/> Publishing Configurations <ics:sql sql="select id, name, description, type, dest, factors from PubTarget" listname="pubTargetList" table="PubTarget" /> Tree Tabs <ics:sql sql="select tt.id, tt.title, tt.tooltip, p.name as pubname, ttr.cs_rolename, ttsect.name as sectname from TreeTabs tt, TreeTabs_Roles ttr, TreeTabs_Sect ttsect,TreeTabs_Sites ttsites LEFT JOIN Publication p on p.id=ttsites.pubid where p.id is not null and tt.id=ttsites.ownerid and ttsites.pubid=p.id and tt.id=ttr.cs_ownerid and tt.id=ttsect.ownerid order by tt.id" listname="treeTabList" table="TreeTabs,TreeTabs_Roles,TreeTabs_Sect,TreeTabs_Sites,Publication" /> Filters <ics:sql sql="select name,description,classname from Filters" listname="filtersList" table="Filters" /> Attribute Types <ics:sql sql="select id,valuetype,name,updateddate from AttrTypes where status != 'VO'" listname="AttrList" table="AttrTypes" /> WebReference Patterns <ics:sql sql="select id,webroot,pattern,assettype,name,params,publication from WebReferencesPatterns" listname="WebRefList" table="WebReferencesPatterns" /> Device Groups <ics:sql sql="select id,devicegroupsuffix,updateddate,name from DeviceGroup" listname="DeviceList" table="DeviceGroup" /> Site Entries <ics:sql sql="select se.id,se.name,se.pagename,se.cselement_id,se.updateddate,cse.rootelement from SiteEntry se LEFT JOIN CSElement cse on cse.id = se.cselement_id where se.status != 'VO'" listname="SiteList" table="SiteEntry,CSElement" /> Webroots <ics:sql sql="select id,name,rooturl,updatedby,updateddate from WebRoot" listname="webrootList" table="WebRoot" /> Page Definitions <ics:sql sql="select pd.id, pd.name, pd.updatedby, pd.updateddate, pd.description, pdt.attributeid, pa.name as nameattr, pdt.requiredflag, pdt.ordinal from PageDefinition pd, PageDefinition_TAttr pdt, PageAttribute pa where pd.status != 'VO' and pa.id=pdt.attributeid and pdt.ownerid=pd.id order by pd.id,pdt.ordinal" listname="pageDefList" table="PageDefinition,PageAttribute,PageDefinition_TAttr" /> FW_Application <ics:sql sql="select id,name,updateddate from FW_Application where status != 'VO'" listname="FWList" table="FW_Application" /> Custom Elements <ics:sql sql="select elementname from ElementCatalog where elementname like 'CustomElements%'" listname="elementList" table="ElementCatalog" />

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T4 Performance Counters explained

- by user13346607

Now that T4 is out for a few month some people might have wondered what details of the new pipeline you can monitor. A "cpustat -h" lists a lot of events that can be monitored, and only very few are self-explanatory. I will try to give some insight on all of them, some of these "PIC events" require an in-depth knowledge of T4 pipeline. Over time I will try to explain these, for the time being these events should simply be ignored. (Side note: some counters changed from tape-out 1.1 (*only* used in the T4 beta program) to tape-out 1.2 (used in the systems shipping today) The table only lists the tape-out 1.2 counters) 0 0 1 1058 6033 Oracle Microelectronics 50 14 7077 14.0 Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} pic name (cpustat) Prose Comment Sel-pipe-drain-cycles, Sel-0-[wait|ready], Sel-[1,2] Sel-0-wait counts cycles a strand waits to be selected. Some reasons can be counted in detail; these are: Sel-0-ready: Cycles a strand was ready but not selected, that can signal pipeline oversubscription Sel-1: Cycles only one instruction or µop was selected Sel-2: Cycles two instructions or µops were selected Sel-pipe-drain-cycles: cf. PRM footnote 8 to table 10.2 Pick-any, Pick-[0|1|2|3] Cycles one, two, three, no or at least one instruction or µop is picked Instr_FGU_crypto Number of FGU or crypto instructions executed on that vcpu Instr_ld dto. for load Instr_st dto. for store SPR_ring_ops dto. for SPR ring ops Instr_other dto. for all other instructions not listed above, PRM footnote 7 to table 10.2 lists the instructions Instr_all total number of instructions executed on that vcpu Sw_count_intr Nr of S/W count instructions on that vcpu (sethi %hi(fc000),%g0 (whatever that is)) Atomics nr of atomic ops, which are LDSTUB/a, CASA/XA, and SWAP/A SW_prefetch Nr of PREFETCH or PREFETCHA instructions Block_ld_st Block loads or store on that vcpu IC_miss_nospec, IC_miss_[L2_or_L3|local|remote]\ _hit_nospec Various I$ misses, distinguished by where they hit. All of these count per thread, but only primary events: T4 counts only the first occurence of an I$ miss on a core for a certain instruction. If one strand misses in I$ this miss is counted, but if a second strand on the same core misses while the first miss is being resolved, that second miss is not counted This flavour of I$ misses counts only misses that are caused by instruction that really commit (note the "_nospec") BTC_miss Branch target cache miss ITLB_miss ITLB misses (synchronously counted) ITLB_miss_asynch dto. but asynchronously [I|D]TLB_fill_\ [8KB|64KB|4MB|256MB|2GB|trap] H/W tablewalk events that fill ITLB or DTLB with translation for the corresponding page size. The “_trap” event occurs if the HWTW was not able to fill the corresponding TLB IC_mtag_miss, IC_mtag_miss_\ [ptag_hit|ptag_miss|\ ptag_hit_way_mismatch] I$ micro tag misses, with some options for drill down Fetch-0, Fetch-0-all fetch-0 counts nr of cycles nothing was fetched for this particular strand, fetch-0-all counts cycles nothing was fetched for all strands on a core Instr_buffer_full Cycles the instruction buffer for a strand was full, thereby preventing any fetch BTC_targ_incorrect Counts all occurences of wrongly predicted branch targets from the BTC [PQ|ROB|LB|ROB_LB|SB|\ ROB_SB|LB_SB|RB_LB_SB|\ DTLB_miss]\ _tag_wait ST_q_tag_wait is listed under sl=20. These counters monitor pipeline behaviour therefore they are not strand specific: PQ_...: cycles Rename stage waits for a Pick Queue tag (might signal memory bound workload for single thread mode, cf. Mail from Richard Smith) ROB_...: cycles Select stage waits for a ROB (ReOrderBuffer) tag LB_...: cycles Select stage waits for a Load Buffer tag SB_...: cycles Select stage waits for Store Buffer tag combinations of the above are allowed, although some of these events can overlap, the counter will only be incremented once per cycle if any of these occur DTLB_...: cycles load or store instructions wait at Pick stage for a DTLB miss tag [ID]TLB_HWTW_\ [L2_hit|L3_hit|L3_miss|all] Counters for HWTW accesses caused by either DTLB or ITLB misses. Canbe further detailed by where they hit IC_miss_L2_L3_hit, IC_miss_local_remote_remL3_hit, IC_miss I$ prefetches that were dropped because they either miss in L2$ or L3$ This variant counts misses regardless if the causing instruction commits or not DC_miss_nospec, DC_miss_[L2_L3|local|remote_L3]\ _hit_nospec D$ misses either in general or detailed by where they hit cf. the explanation for the IC_miss in two flavours for an explanation of _nospec and the reasoning for two DC_miss counters DTLB_miss_asynch counts all DTLB misses asynchronously, there is no way to count them synchronously DC_pref_drop_DC_hit, SW_pref_drop_[DC_hit|buffer_full] L1-D$ h/w prefetches that were dropped because of a D$ hit, counted per core. The others count software prefetches per strand [Full|Partial]_RAW_hit_st_[buf|q] Count events where a load wants to get data that has not yet been stored, i. e. it is still inside the pipeline. The data might be either still in the store buffer or in the store queue. If the load's data matches in the SB and in the store queue the data in buffer takes precedence of course since it is younger [IC|DC]_evict_invalid, [IC|DC|L1]_snoop_invalid, [IC|DC|L1]_invalid_all Counter for invalidated cache evictions per core St_q_tag_wait Number of cycles pipeline waits for a store queue tag, of course counted per core Data_pref_[drop_L2|drop_L3|\ hit_L2|hit_L3|\ hit_local|hit_remote] Data prefetches that can be further detailed by either why they were dropped or where they did hit St_hit_[L2|L3], St_L2_[local|remote]_C2C, St_local, St_remote Store events distinguished by where they hit or where they cause a L2 cache-to-cache transfer, i.e. either a transfer from another L2$ on the same die or from a different die DC_miss, DC_miss_\ [L2_L3|local|remote]_hit D$ misses either in general or detailed by where they hit cf. the explanation for the IC_miss in two flavours for an explanation of _nospec and the reasoning for two DC_miss counters L2_[clean|dirty]_evict Per core clean or dirty L2$ evictions L2_fill_buf_full, L2_wb_buf_full, L2_miss_buf_full Per core L2$ buffer events, all count number of cycles that this state was present L2_pipe_stall Per core cycles pipeline stalled because of L2$ Branches Count branches (Tcc, DONE, RETRY, and SIT are not counted as branches) Br_taken Counts taken branches (Tcc, DONE, RETRY, and SIT are not counted as branches) Br_mispred, Br_dir_mispred, Br_trg_mispred, Br_trg_mispred_\ [far_tbl|indir_tbl|ret_stk] Counter for various branch misprediction events. Cycles_user counts cycles, attribute setting hpriv, nouser, sys controls addess space to count in Commit-[0|1|2], Commit-0-all, Commit-1-or-2 Number of times either no, one, or two µops commit for a strand. Commit-0-all counts number of times no µop commits for the whole core, cf. footnote 11 to table 10.2 in PRM for a more detailed explanation on how this counters interacts with the privilege levels

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Wireless Not Working on Ubuntu 10.10

- by Promather

I recently bought a new HP DV6-3118SA laptop, but I am having a very discouraging problem with wireless LAN. It simply doesn't work! Could you please help me with this? EDIT: Following @Ronald and @Oli advice, I am dumping the output of lspci -k: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel Kernel modules: intel-agp 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor PCI Express x16 Root Port (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller (rev 06) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 05) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev a5) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 4 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: ahci Kernel modules: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset SMBus Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel modules: i2c-i801 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem (rev 05) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: intel ips Kernel modules: intel_ips 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: radeon Kernel modules: radeon 01:00.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc Manhattan HDMI Audio [Mobility Radeon HD 5000 Series] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 02:00.0 Network controller: RaLink RT3090 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 1453 Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci Kernel modules: rt2860sta, rt2800pci 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 03) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 7f:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture Generic Non-core Registers (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:00.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture System Address Decoder (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Link 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Physical 0 (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.2 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a 7f:02.3 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 02) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 144a

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Windows Phone Developer Spotlight: Nikolai Joukov

- by Lori Lalonde

Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/lorilalonde/archive/2014/06/04/windows-phone-developer-spotlight-nikolai-joukov.aspxAs part of an ongoing series, I plan to include a spotlight post on people within the community that are stars in their field and area of expertise. For my first spotlight post, I interviewed Nikolai Joukov, who is a regular attendee at my local area .NET User Group (CTTDNUG), and has also participated in many of the Mobile and Cloud workshops we have hosted over the past few years. Nikolai stood out immediately, because of his passion for developing mobile apps, his interest in continuous learning, and his drive to publish quality apps that people will find useful and entertaining. Background: Nikolai immigrated to Canada in 1995, and has been working in IT since 1997. He moved on to become an independent contractor in 2005, and has worked at various large scale organizations over the course of his career, including BMO, Enbridge, Economical Insurance, Equitable Life, Manulife and Sun Life. Nikolai is an accomplished Windows Phone and Windows Store publisher, with 11 published Windows Phone apps, and 8 published Windows Store apps. He has almost 6000 downloads and favourable reviews. Q & A with Nikolai How many years have you been developing Windows Phone apps? 2 years When did you develop your very first Windows Phone app, and what was it about? Actually, the very first app I wrote was for the Microsoft “Smart Phone” back in 2004. This phone was given to me by Microsoft during the Developers Days Conference in Toronto. It was some kind of experimental model named Smart Phone, but you had to use VB 3 to develop the applications. Needless to say, this was not very successful at that time. My app was a Stock Trades Calculator. Very primitive, but it was working for me. The phone was heavy and the battery barely lasted 4 hours. Microsoft stopped supporting it few months later and the phone stopped working shortly after, but I still have it as a souvenir. For Windows Phone, my first app was “Trip Packing Assistant”. This is a simple trip packing check list that allows you to list items by category, set required quantity of items, and mark off the item in the list when it is packed. I designed it for me and my wife Galina, since we love to travel and this program helps manage our list for us. How did you get started in Windows Phone development? I have to say thanks to our .NET User Group for introducing me to Windows Phone development. I was intrigued and decided to give it a try. In October 2012 during a 2 day training event that ObjectSharp hosted in London, I met Bruce Johnson. On his advice, I registered for Developer Movement, and it is was a good push to actually complete the apps that I started. You have a great series of travel guide apps both for Windows Phone and Windows Store. Tell us about how you came up with the idea to develop those apps and what process you went through to put it all together. Like I said earlier, my wife and I love to travel. Before I created Trip Packing Assistant, every time we were planning to travel somewhere new, Galina would spend 3-4 weeks doing research. She would create a Word document with all of the information. We didn’t want to have to carry our laptop with us all the time, so we printed out the Word document she created, and would take it with us. After we returned from the trip, we would bring back tons of pictures and materials. Then our friends started to ask us about our materials before they planned their trips to the same places we had visited. So I decided to give it a try and started making apps for Windows Phone and for Windows 8. I hope these applications will help people who are planning to travel. So, all of the pictures used in the travel apps you created were actually taken by you during these amazing trips? Yes Do you have another Windows Store/Windows Phone project in development right now? If so, can you give us a hint at what it will be about? I want to stay with travel apps for now. But this time I will try to write an app for us (Galina and I). Usually we go on the trip, then I write the apps after we have all this beautiful pictures in our hands. We are planning a trip to Rome. This app will not have the pictures, but I want to add a map with points of interest and all information that can be useful for us. Then we will go on our trip and test it on location. As well I am planning to work on my existing apps to make them better. What learning resources would you recommend for other developers that want to get started in Window Store and Windows Phone development? I would start with dev.windowsphone.com to get all tools and samples, also links to training materials. I like MVA (Microsoft Virtual Academy). Their videos are really useful and it is free. Pluralsight is good too but it is not free and I do not have a subscription anymore. Our .NET User Group meetings give good insights too. I went to all meetings and full day training events. When you start to develop your app, you need to do research for specific questions that arise during development. The Developer Portal and Nokia Developer are good resources too. Wrap Up Thanks Nikolai for participating in my first Spotlight blog post! Shown below is Nikolai’s publisher page in the Windows Phone Store and his publisher page in the Windows Store. Simply click on it to be taken to there to check out his portfolio of apps. Be sure to download his apps and try them out! They are all free! Nikolai’s Windows Phone apps Nikolai’s Windows Store Apps

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Using SSIS to send a HTML E-Mail Message with built-in table of Counts.

- by Kevin Shyr

For the record, this can be just as easily done with a .NET class with a DLL call. The two major reasons for this ending up as a SSIS package are: There are a lot of SQL resources for maintenance, but not as many .NET developers. There is an existing automated process that links up SQL Jobs (more on that in the next post), and this is part of that process. To start, this is what the SSIS looks like: The first part of the control flow is just for the override scenario. In the Execute SQL Task, it calls a stored procedure, which already formats the result into XML by using "FOR XML PATH('Row'), ROOT(N'FieldingCounts')". The result XML string looks like this: <FieldingCounts> <Row> <CellId>M COD</CellId> <Mailed>64</Mailed> <ReMailed>210</ReMailed> <TotalMail>274</TotalMail> <EMailed>233</EMailed> <TotalSent>297</TotalSent> </Row> <Row> <CellId>M National</CellId> <Mailed>11</Mailed> <ReMailed>59</ReMailed> <TotalMail>70</TotalMail> <EMailed>90</EMailed> <TotalSent>101</TotalSent> </Row> <Row> <CellId>U COD</CellId> <Mailed>91</Mailed> <ReMailed>238</ReMailed> <TotalMail>329</TotalMail> <EMailed>291</EMailed> <TotalSent>382</TotalSent> </Row> <Row> <CellId>U National</CellId> <Mailed>63</Mailed> <ReMailed>286</ReMailed> <TotalMail>349</TotalMail> <EMailed>374</EMailed> <TotalSent>437</TotalSent> </Row> </FieldingCounts> This result is saved into an internal SSIS variable with the following settings on the General tab and the Result Set tab: Now comes the trickier part. We need to use the XML Task to format the XML string result into an HTML table, and I used Direct input XSLT And here is the code of XSLT: <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="html" indent="yes"/> <xsl:template match="/ROOT"> <table border="1" cellpadding="6"> <tr> <td></td> <td>Mailed</td> <td>Re-mailed</td> <td>Total Mail (Mailed, Re-mailed)</td> <td>E-mailed</td> <td>Total Sent (Mailed, E-mailed)</td> </tr> <xsl:for-each select="FieldingCounts/Row"> <tr> <xsl:for-each select="./*"> <td> <xsl:value-of select="." /> </td> </xsl:for-each> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> Then a script task is used to send out an HTML email (as we are all painfully aware that SSIS Send Mail Task only sends plain text) Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 using System; using System.Data; using Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Net.Mail; using System.Net; namespace ST_b829a2615e714bcfb55db0ce97be3901.csproj { [System.AddIn.AddIn("ScriptMain", Version = "1.0", Publisher = "", Description = "")] public partial class ScriptMain : Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Tasks.ScriptTask.VSTARTScriptObjectModelBase { #region VSTA generated code enum ScriptResults { Success = Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.DTSExecResult.Success, Failure = Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.DTSExecResult.Failure }; #endregion public void Main() { String EmailMsgBody = String.Format("<HTML><BODY><P>{0}</P><P>{1}</P></BODY></HTML>" , Dts.Variables["Config_SMTP_MessageSourceText"].Value.ToString() , Dts.Variables["InternalStr_CountResultAfterXSLT"].Value.ToString()); MailMessage EmailCountMsg = new MailMessage(Dts.Variables["Config_SMTP_From"].Value.ToString().Replace(";", ",") , Dts.Variables["Config_SMTP_Success_To"].Value.ToString().Replace(";", ",") , Dts.Variables["Config_SMTP_SubjectLinePrefix"].Value.ToString() + " " + Dts.Variables["InternalStr_FieldingDate"].Value.ToString() , EmailMsgBody); //EmailCountMsg.From. EmailCountMsg.CC.Add(Dts.Variables["Config_SMTP_Success_CC"].Value.ToString().Replace(";", ",")); EmailCountMsg.IsBodyHtml = true; SmtpClient SMTPForCount = new SmtpClient(Dts.Variables["Config_SMTP_ServerAddress"].Value.ToString()); SMTPForCount.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultNetworkCredentials; SMTPForCount.Send(EmailCountMsg); Dts.TaskResult = (int)ScriptResults.Success; } } } Note on this code: notice the email list has Replace(";", ","). This is only here because the list is configurable in the SQL Job Step at Set Values, which does not react well with colons as email separator, but system.Net.Mail only handles comma as email separator, hence the extra replace in the string. The result is a nicely formatted email message with count information:

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Are Chromebooks the New Netbooks, and What Does That Mean?

- by Chris Hoffman

Netbooks — small, cheap, slow laptops — were once very popular. They fell out of favor — people bought them because they seemed cheap and portable, but the actual experience was lackluster. Most netbooks now sit unused. Windows netbooks have vanished from stores today, but there’s a new super-cheap laptop — the Chromebook. Chromebook sales numbers are impressive, but their usage statistics tell a different story. Are Chromebooks just the new netbook? The Problem With Netbooks Netbooks seemed appealing, especially in an age before tablets and lightweight ultrabooks. You could buy a netbook for $200 or so and have a portable device that let you get on the Internet. The name “netbook” spelled that out — it was a portable device for getting on the ‘net. They weren’t really that great. The original netbook was a lightweight Asus Eee PC that ran Linux alone and had a small amount of fast flash storage. Netbooks eventually ran heavier Windows XP operating systems — Windows Vista was out, but it was just too bloated to run on netbooks. Manufacturers added slow magnetic hard drives, bloatware, and even DVD drives! They couldn’t run most Windows software very well. The build quality was poor and their keyboards were tiny and cramped. People liked the idea of a lightweight device that let them get on the Internet and loved the cheap price, but the actual experience wasn’t great. Chromebook Sales Chromebook sales numbers seem surprisingly high. NPD reported that Chromebooks were 21% of all notebooks sold in the US in 2013. If you combine laptop and tablet sales into a single statistic, Chromebooks were 9.6% of all those devices sold. That’s 2/3 as many Chromebooks sold as iPads in the US! Of Amazon’s best-selling laptop computers, two of the top three are Chromebooks. These definitely look like successful products. Unlike netbooks, Chromebooks are taking off in a big way in the education market. Many schools are buying Chromebooks for their students instead of more expensive Windows laptops. They’re easier to manage and lock down than Windows laptops, but — more importantly for cash-strapped schools — they’re very cheap. Netbooks never had this sort of momentum in schools. Chromebook Usage Statistics Here’s where the rosy picture of Chromebooks starts to become more realistic. StatCounter’s browser usage statistics show how widely used different operating systems are. For example, Windows 7 has the highest share with 35.71% of web activity in April, 2014. The chart doesn’t even show Chrome OS at all, although there is an “Other” number near the bottom. Click the Download Data link to download a CSV file and we can view more detailed information. Chrome OS only accounted for 0.38% of web usage in April, 2014. Desktop Linux, which people often shrug at, accounted for 1.52% in the same month. To its credit, Chrome OS usage has increased. Chromebooks were widely mocked back in November, 2013 when the sales numbers came out. After all, they only accounted for 0.11% of web usage globally in November, 2013! But Chrome OS numbers have been improving: Nov, 2013: 0.11% Dec, 2013: 0.22% Jan, 2014: 0.31% Feb, 2014: 0.35% Mar, 2014: 0.36% Apr, 2014: 0.38% Chrome OS is climbing, but it’s definitely still in the “Other” category. It isn’t as high as we’d expect to see it with those types of sales numbers. Chromebooks vs. Netbooks Chromebooks are more limited devices than traditional PCs. You can do quite a few things, but you have to do it all using Chrome or Chrome apps. Most people won’t be enabling developer mode and installing a Linux desktop. You don’t have access to the powerful desktop software available for Windows and even Mac OS X. On the other hand, these Chromebooks are less compromised than netbooks in many ways. They come with a lightweight operating system designed for portable, mobile devices. They don’t come packed with any bloatware, like the bloatware you’ll find on competing Windows PCs and the original netbooks. They’re cheaper because the manufacturer doesn’t have to pay for a Windows license. There’s no need for antivirus software weighing the operating system down. They’re larger than the original netbooks, with many of them being 11.6-inches instead of the original 8-inch bodies many older netbooks came with. They have larger, more comfortable keyboards and fast solid-state storage. Really, Chromebooks are what netbooks wanted to be. People didn’t buy netbooks to use typical Windows software — they just wanted a lightweight PC. Of course, for many people, the real successor to netbooks is tablets. If all you want is a portable device to throw in a bag so you can get online, maybe a tablet is better. Where Does This Leave Chromebooks? So, are Chromebooks the new netbooks? It’s a bit early to answer that question. Chromebooks are definitely not out of the competition — their sales look good and their usage share is increasing. On the other hand, Chrome OS is still pretty far behind. They’re not catching fire like tablets did. Maybe netbooks were just before their time and Chromebooks were what they were always meant to be. Just as Microsoft’s Windows XP tablets failed, Windows XP netbooks also failed. Tablets took off with a more refined operating system on better hardware years later. “Netbooks” — or Chromebooks — are now taking off with a more purpose-built operating system on better hardware, too. It’s hard to count Chromebooks out because they provide a much better experience than netbooks ever did. If you’re one of the people who wants to use old Windows desktop apps on your portable laptop, you may think netbooks were better — but most people don’t want that. But maybe people either want a full desktop PC experience or a full mobile tablet experience. Is there a place for a laptop with a keyboard that can only view websites? We’ll have to wait and see. Image Credit: Kevin Jarret on Flickr, Clive Darra on Flickr, Sean Freese on Flickr

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WebCenter Customer Spotlight: Los Angeles Department of Water and Power

- by me

Author: Peter Reiser - Social Business Evangelist, Oracle WebCenter Solution Summary Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) is the largest public utility company in the United States with over 1.6 million customers. LADWP provides water and power for millions of residential & commercial customers in Southern California. The goal of the project was to implement a newly designed web portal to increase customer self-service while reducing transactions via IVR and automate many of the paper based processes to web based workflows for their 1.6 million customers. LADWP implemented a Self Service Portal using Oracle WebCenter Portal & Oracle WebCenter Content and Oracle SOA Suite for the integration of their complex back-end systems infrastructure. The new portal has received extremely positive feedback from not only the customers and users of the portal, but also other utilities. At Oracle OpenWorld 2012, LADWP won the prestigious WebCenter innovation award for their innovative solution. Company OverviewLos Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) is the largest public utility company in the United States with over 1.6 million customers. LADWP provides water and power for millions of residential & commercial customers in Southern California. LADWP also bills most of these customers for sanitation services provided by another department in the city of Los Angeles. Business ChallengesThe goal of the project was to implement a newly designed web portal that is easy to navigate from a web browser and mobile devices, as well as be the platform for surfacing internet and intranet applications at LADWP. The primary objective of the new portal was to increase customer self-service while reducing the transactions via IVR and walk-up and to automate many of the paper based processes to web based workflows for customers. This includes automation of Self Service implemented through My Account (Bill Pay, Payment History, Bill History, Usage analysis, Service Request Management) Financial Assistance Programs Customer Rebate Programs Turn Off/Turn On/Transfer of Services Outage Reporting eNotification (SMS, email) Solution DeployedLADWP implemented a Self Service Portal using Oracle WebCenter Portal & Oracle WebCenter Content. Using Oracle SOA Suite they integrated various back-end systems including Oracle Siebel CRM IBM Mainframe based CIS FILENET for document management EBP Eletronic Bill Payment System HP Imprint System for BillXML data Other systems including outage reporting systems, SMS service, etc. The new portal’s features include: Complete Graphical redesign based on best practices in UI Design for high usability Customer Self Service implemented through MyAccount (Bill Pay, Payment History, Bill History, Usage Analysis, Service Request Management) Financial Assistance Programs (CRM, WebCenter) Customer Rebate Programs (CRM, WebCenter) Turn On/Off/Transfer of services (Commercial & Residential) Outage Reporting eNotification (SMS, email) Multilingual (English & Spanish) – using WebCenter multi-language support Section 508 (ADA) Compliant Search – Using WebCenter SES (Secured Enterprise Search) Distributed Authorship in WebCenter Content Mobile Access (any Mobile Browser) Business ResultsThe new portal has received extremely positive feedback from not only customers and users of the portal, but also other utilities. At Oracle OpenWorld 2012, LADWP won the prestigious WebCenter innovation award for their innovative solution. Additional Information LADWP OpenWorld presentation Oracle WebCenter Portal Oracle WebCenter Content Oracle SOA Suite

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What does the `dmesg` error: "composite sync not supported" mean?

- by M. Tibbits

Question: I see [ 20.473125] composite sync not supported and several such entries when I run dmesg. What do they mean? Background: I'm trying to debug a problem where my laptop won't suspend. Since acpi seems happy and I can suspend easily from the command line, I've turned to tracking down all boot-up errors/warnings. So I run dmesg | grep not and, amongst other shtuff, I get: 728:[ 17.267120] composite sync not supported 733:[ 18.009061] composite sync not supported 740:[ 18.159289] registered panic notifier 749:[ 18.162500] vga16fb: not registering due to another framebuffer present 757:[ 18.598251] composite sync not supported 776:[ 20.473125] composite sync not supported 777:[ 20.932266] composite sync not supported 778:[ 28.350231] composite sync not supported 779:[ 28.924913] composite sync not supported 780:[ 35.480658] composite sync not supported And the full log for the few lines right around that first appearance (line 728) is listed at the bottom of my post (I'd happily include anything else). Any ideas what could be causing this? I've read several sites: Ubuntuforums #1 IRC Chat #1 One post talks about ??Adobe flash?? causing this error? Some others also suggest that it might be an nvidia related problem, but I've got a Dell Latitude D630 with an integrated Intel graphics -- so nvidia isn't the problem. [ 17.207142] phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'minstrel' [ 17.207833] Registered led device: b43-phy0::tx [ 17.207849] Registered led device: b43-phy0::rx [ 17.207865] Registered led device: b43-phy0::radio [ 17.207927] Broadcom 43xx driver loaded [ Features: PL, Firmware-ID: FW13 ] [ 17.267120] composite sync not supported [ 17.415795] EXT4-fs (sda2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode [ 17.602131] [drm] initialized overlay support [ 17.620201] input: DualPoint Stick as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input7 [ 17.641192] input: AlpsPS/2 ALPS DualPoint TouchPad as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input8 [ 18.009061] composite sync not supported [ 18.106042] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: IO port probe 0x100-0x3af: clean. [ 18.108115] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: IO port probe 0x3e0-0x4ff: clean. [ 18.108941] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: IO port probe 0x820-0x8ff: clean. [ 18.109676] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: IO port probe 0xc00-0xcf7: clean. [ 18.110356] pcmcia_socket pcmcia_socket0: cs: IO port probe 0xa00-0xaff: clean. [ 18.159286] fb0: inteldrmfb frame buffer device [ 18.159289] registered panic notifier [ 18.160218] input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0A03:00/LNXVIDEO:01/input/input9 [ 18.160286] ACPI: Video Device [VID1] (multi-head: yes rom: no post: no) [ 18.160334] ACPI Warning for \_SB_.PCI0.VID2._DOD: Return Package has no elements (empty) (20090903/nspredef-433) [ 18.160432] input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0A03:00/LNXVIDEO:02/input/input10 [ 18.160491] ACPI: Video Device [VID2] (multi-head: yes rom: no post: no) [ 18.160539] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20080730 for 0000:00:02.0 on minor 0 [ 18.162494] vga16fb: initializing [ 18.162497] vga16fb: mapped to 0xc00a0000 [ 18.162500] vga16fb: not registering due to another framebuffer present [ 18.176091] HDA Intel 0000:00:1b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 21 (level, low) -> IRQ 21 [ 18.176123] HDA Intel 0000:00:1b.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 18.285752] input: HDA Digital PCBeep as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/input/input11 [ 18.312497] input: HDA Intel Mic at Ext Left Jack as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input12 [ 18.312586] input: HDA Intel HP Out at Ext Left Jack as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input13 [ 18.328043] usbcore: registered new interface driver ndiswrapper [ 18.460909] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 180x56 [ 18.598251] composite sync not supported

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Inheritance Mapping Strategies with Entity Framework Code First CTP5: Part 2 – Table per Type (TPT)

- by mortezam

In the previous blog post you saw that there are three different approaches to representing an inheritance hierarchy and I explained Table per Hierarchy (TPH) as the default mapping strategy in EF Code First. We argued that the disadvantages of TPH may be too serious for our design since it results in denormalized schemas that can become a major burden in the long run. In today’s blog post we are going to learn about Table per Type (TPT) as another inheritance mapping strategy and we'll see that TPT doesn’t expose us to this problem. Table per Type (TPT)Table per Type is about representing inheritance relationships as relational foreign key associations. Every class/subclass that declares persistent properties—including abstract classes—has its own table. The table for subclasses contains columns only for each noninherited property (each property declared by the subclass itself) along with a primary key that is also a foreign key of the base class table. This approach is shown in the following figure: For example, if an instance of the CreditCard subclass is made persistent, the values of properties declared by the BillingDetail base class are persisted to a new row of the BillingDetails table. Only the values of properties declared by the subclass (i.e. CreditCard) are persisted to a new row of the CreditCards table. The two rows are linked together by their shared primary key value. Later, the subclass instance may be retrieved from the database by joining the subclass table with the base class table. TPT Advantages The primary advantage of this strategy is that the SQL schema is normalized. In addition, schema evolution is straightforward (modifying the base class or adding a new subclass is just a matter of modify/add one table). Integrity constraint definition are also straightforward (note how CardType in CreditCards table is now a non-nullable column). Another much more important advantage is the ability to handle polymorphic associations (a polymorphic association is an association to a base class, hence to all classes in the hierarchy with dynamic resolution of the concrete class at runtime). A polymorphic association to a particular subclass may be represented as a foreign key referencing the table of that particular subclass. Implement TPT in EF Code First We can create a TPT mapping simply by placing Table attribute on the subclasses to specify the mapped table name (Table attribute is a new data annotation and has been added to System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace in CTP5): public abstract class BillingDetail { public int BillingDetailId { get; set; } public string Owner { get; set; } public string Number { get; set; } } [Table("BankAccounts")] public class BankAccount : BillingDetail { public string BankName { get; set; } public string Swift { get; set; } } [Table("CreditCards")] public class CreditCard : BillingDetail { public int CardType { get; set; } public string ExpiryMonth { get; set; } public string ExpiryYear { get; set; } } public class InheritanceMappingContext : DbContext { public DbSet<BillingDetail> BillingDetails { get; set; } } If you prefer fluent API, then you can create a TPT mapping by using ToTable() method: protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder) { modelBuilder.Entity<BankAccount>().ToTable("BankAccounts"); modelBuilder.Entity<CreditCard>().ToTable("CreditCards"); } Generated SQL For QueriesLet’s take an example of a simple non-polymorphic query that returns a list of all the BankAccounts: var query = from b in context.BillingDetails.OfType<BankAccount>() select b; Executing this query (by invoking ToList() method) results in the following SQL statements being sent to the database (on the bottom, you can also see the result of executing the generated query in SQL Server Management Studio): Now, let’s take an example of a very simple polymorphic query that requests all the BillingDetails which includes both BankAccount and CreditCard types: projects some properties out of the base class BillingDetail, without querying for anything from any of the subclasses: var query = from b in context.BillingDetails select new { b.BillingDetailId, b.Number, b.Owner }; -- var query = from b in context.BillingDetails select b; This LINQ query seems even more simple than the previous one but the resulting SQL query is not as simple as you might expect: -- As you can see, EF Code First relies on an INNER JOIN to detect the existence (or absence) of rows in the subclass tables CreditCards and BankAccounts so it can determine the concrete subclass for a particular row of the BillingDetails table. Also the SQL CASE statements that you see in the beginning of the query is just to ensure columns that are irrelevant for a particular row have NULL values in the returning flattened table. (e.g. BankName for a row that represents a CreditCard type) TPT ConsiderationsEven though this mapping strategy is deceptively simple, the experience shows that performance can be unacceptable for complex class hierarchies because queries always require a join across many tables. In addition, this mapping strategy is more difficult to implement by hand— even ad-hoc reporting is more complex. This is an important consideration if you plan to use handwritten SQL in your application (For ad hoc reporting, database views provide a way to offset the complexity of the TPT strategy. A view may be used to transform the table-per-type model into the much simpler table-per-hierarchy model.) SummaryIn this post we learned about Table per Type as the second inheritance mapping in our series. So far, the strategies we’ve discussed require extra consideration with regard to the SQL schema (e.g. in TPT, foreign keys are needed). This situation changes with the Table per Concrete Type (TPC) that we will discuss in the next post. References ADO.NET team blog Java Persistence with Hibernate book a { text-decoration: none; } a:visited { color: Blue; } .title { padding-bottom: 5px; font-family: Segoe UI; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 15px; } .code, .typeName { font-family: consolas; } .typeName { color: #2b91af; } .padTop5 { padding-top: 5px; } .padTop10 { padding-top: 10px; } p.MsoNormal { margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 115%; font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: "Calibri" , "sans-serif"; }

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Need Help in optimizing a loop in C [migrated]

- by WedaPashi

I am trying to draw a Checkerboard pattern on a lcd using a GUI library called emWin. I have actually managed to draw it using the following code. But having these many loops in the program body for a single task, that too in the internal flash of the Microcontroller is not a good idea. Those who have not worked with emWin, I will try and explain a few things before we go for actual logic. GUI_REST is a structure which id define source files of emWin and I am blind to it. Rect, REct2,Rec3.. and so on till Rect10 are objects. Elements of the Rect array are {x0,y0,x1,y1}, where x0,y0 are starting locations of rectangle in X-Y plane and x1, y1 are end locations of Rectangle in x-Y plane. So, Rect={0,0,79,79} is a rectangle starts at top left of the LCD and is upto (79,79), so its a square basically. The function GUI_setBkColor(int color); sets the color of the background. The function GUI_setColor(int color); sets the color of the foreground. GUI_WHITE and DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR are two color values, #defineed GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect); will draw the Rectangle. The code below works fine but I want to make it smarter. GUI_RECT Rect = {0, 0, 79, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect2 = {80, 0, 159, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect3 = {160, 0, 239, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect4 = {240, 0, 319, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect5 = {320, 0, 399, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect6 = {400, 0, 479, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect7 = {480, 0, 559, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect8 = {560, 0, 639, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect9 = {640, 0, 719, 79}; GUI_RECT Rect10 = {720, 0, 799, 79}; WM_SelectWindow(Win_DM_Main); GUI_SetBkColor(GUI_BLACK); GUI_Clear(); for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); else GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect); Rect.y0 += 80; Rect.y1 += 80; } /* for(j=0,j<11;j++) { for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); else GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect); Rect.y0 += 80; Rect.y1 += 80; } Rect.x0 += 80; Rect.x1 += 80; } */ for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); else GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect2); Rect2.y0 += 80; Rect2.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); else GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect3); Rect3.y0 += 80; Rect3.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); else GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect4); Rect4.y0 += 80; Rect4.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); else GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect5); Rect5.y0 += 80; Rect5.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); else GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect6); Rect6.y0 += 80; Rect6.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); else GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect7); Rect7.y0 += 80; Rect7.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); else GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect8); Rect8.y0 += 80; Rect8.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); else GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect9); Rect9.y0 += 80; Rect9.y1 += 80; } for(i = 0; i < 6; i++) { if(i%2 == 0) GUI_SetColor(DM_CHECKERBOARD_COLOR); else GUI_SetColor(GUI_WHITE); GUI_FillRectEx(&Rect10); Rect10.y0 += 80; Rect10.y1 += 80; }

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Wifi disabled for Intel Centrino Wireless-N 1000 Intel in 12.04

- by new_bie

Laptop model - HP- dm4 - 2070. I had faced the same problem for wireless being disabled in case of 11.10. It had to do with the new kernel. I thought with 12.04 this problem will be handled but the problem persists. Is there no way to get the wireless working except for the way mentioned in the following link ?? Wifi for Centrino Wireless-N 1000 Intel Corporation (HP pavillion dm4 - 2070us) is not working Output for sudo lshw -class network *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: Centrino Wireless-N 1000 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: 00 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:c2500000-c2501fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: AR8151 v2.0 Gigabit Ethernet vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:08:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: c0 serial: 2c:41:38:07:f3:e3 size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=atl1c driverversion=1.0.1.0-NAPI duplex=full firmware=N/A ip=192.168.1.116 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:43 memory:c1400000-c143ffff ioport:2000(size=128) Output for dmesg | grep iwl [ 14.742886] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 14.742897] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 14.743013] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: pci_resource_len = 0x00002000 [ 14.743016] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: pci_resource_base = ffffc90000c78000 [ 14.743018] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: HW Revision ID = 0x0 [ 14.743119] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: irq 42 for MSI/MSI-X [ 14.743161] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: Detected Intel(R) Centrino(R) Wireless-N 1000 BGN, REV=0x6C [ 14.743229] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: L1 Enabled; Disabling L0S [ 14.765147] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: device EEPROM VER=0x15d, CALIB=0x6 [ 14.765151] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: Device SKU: 0X50 [ 14.765154] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: Valid Tx ant: 0X1, Valid Rx ant: 0X3 [ 14.765907] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: Tunable channels: 13 802.11bg, 0 802.11a channels [ 14.912840] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: request for firmware file 'iwlwifi-1000-5.ucode' failed. [ 14.914254] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: request for firmware file 'iwlwifi-1000-4.ucode' failed. [ 14.915718] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: request for firmware file 'iwlwifi-1000-3.ucode' failed. [ 14.916986] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: request for firmware file 'iwlwifi-1000-2.ucode' failed. [ 14.919391] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: request for firmware file 'iwlwifi-1000-1.ucode' failed. [ 14.919445] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: no suitable firmware found! [ 14.919783] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 2868.960807] Modules linked in: snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_codec_idt rfcomm bnep bluetooth parport_pc ppdev binfmt_misc hid_logitech_dj usbhid hid joydev snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq hp_wmi sparse_keymap hp_accel lis3lv02d input_polldev snd_timer snd_seq_device wmi iwlwifi snd mac80211 i915 cfg80211 rts_pstor(C) drm_kms_helper drm uvcvideo videodev psmouse soundcore mei(C) v4l2_compat_ioctl32 mac_hid serio_raw snd_page_alloc i2c_algo_bit video lp parport atl1c

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Ubuntu won't display netbook's native resolution

- by Daniel

FYI: My Netbook model is HP Mini 210-1004sa, which comes with Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 3150, and has a display 10.1" Active Matrix Colour TFT 1024 x 600. I recently removed Windows 7 Starter from my netbook, and replaced it with Ubuntu 12.10. The problem is the OS doesn't seem to recognise the native display resolution of 1024x600 i.e. the bottom bits of Ubuntu is hidden beneath the screen & the only 2 available resolutions are: the default 1024x768 and 800x600. I've also thought about replacing Ubuntu with Lubuntu or Puppy Linux, as the system does run a bit slow, but I can't, as then I won't be able to access the taskbar and application menu which will be hidden beneath the screen. Only Ubuntu with Unity is currently usable, as the Unity Launcher is visible enough. I was able to define a custom resolution 1024x600 using the Q&A: How set my monitor resolution? but when I set that resolution, there appears a black band at the top of the screen and the desktop area is lowered, with bits of it hidden beneath the screen. I tried leaving it at this new resolution and restarting the system to see if the black band would disappear & the display will fit correctly, but it gets reset to 1024x768 at startup and displays following error: Could not apply the stored configuration for monitors none of the selected modes were compatible with the possible modes: Trying modes for CRTC 63 CRTC 63: trying mode 800x600@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 63: trying mode 800x600@56Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 63: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 63: trying mode 1024x768@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1) CRTC 63: trying mode 800x600@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1) CRTC 63: trying mode 800x600@56Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1) CRTC 63: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1) Trying modes for CRTC 64 CRTC 64: trying mode 1024x768@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 64: trying mode 800x600@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 64: trying mode 800x600@56Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 64: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 64: trying mode 1024x768@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1) CRTC 64: trying mode 800x600@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1) CRTC 64: trying mode 800x600@56Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1) CRTC 64: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1024x600@60Hz (pass 1)

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The Future of Project Management is Social

- by Natalia Rachelson

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} A guest post by Kazim Isfahani, Director, Product Marketing, Oracle Rapid Ascent. Breakneck Speed. Lightning Fast. Perhaps even overwhelming. No matter which set of adjectives we use to describe it, social media’s rise into the enterprise mainstream has been unprecedented. Indeed, the big 4 social media powerhouses (Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn, and Twitter), have nearly 2 Billion users between them. You may be asking (as you should really) “That’s all well and good for the consumer, but for me at my company, what’s your point? Beyond the fact that I can check and post updates, that is.” Good question, kind sir. Impact of Social and Collaboration on Project Management I’ll dovetail this discussion to the project management realm, since that’s what I’m writing about. Speed is a big challenge for project-driven organizations. Anything that can help speed up project delivery - be it a new product introduction effort or a geographical expansion project - fast is a good thing. So where does this whole social thing fit particularly since there are already a host of tools to help with traditional project execution? The fact is companies have seen improvements in their productivity by deploying departmental collaboration and other social-oriented solutions. McKinsey’s survey on social tools shows we have reached critical scale: 72% of respondents report that their companies use at least one and over 40% say they are using social networks and blogs. We don’t hear as much about the impact of social media technologies at the project and project manager level, but that does not mean there is none. Consider the new hire. The type of individual entering the workforce and executing on projects is a generation of worker expecting visually appealing, easy to use and easy to understand technology meshing hand-in-hand with business processes. Consider the project manager. The social era has enhanced the role that the project manager must play. Today’s project manager must be a supreme communicator, an influencer, a sympathizer, a negotiator, and still manage to keep all stakeholders in the loop on project progress. Social tools play a significant role in this effort. Now consider the impact to the project team. The way that a project team functions has changed, with newer, social oriented technologies making the process of information dissemination and team communications much more fluid. It’s clear that a shift is occurring where “social” is intersecting with project management. The Rise of Social Project Management We refer to the melding of project management and social networking as Social Project Management. Social Project Management is based upon the philosophy that the project team is one part of an integrated whole, and that valuable and unique abilities exist within the larger organization. For this reason, Social Project Management systems should be integrated into the collaborative platform(s) of an organization, allowing communication to proceed outside the project boundaries. What makes social project management "social" is an implicit awareness where distributed teams build connected links in ways that were previously restricted to teams that were co-located. Just as critical, Social Project Management embraces the vision of seamless online collaboration within a project team, but also provides for, (and enhances) the use of rigorous project management techniques. Social Project Management acknowledges that projects (particularly large projects) are a social activity - people doing work with people, for other people, with commitments to yet other people. The more people (larger projects), the more interpersonal the interactions, and the more social affects the project. The Epitome of Social - Fusion Project Portfolio Management If I take this one level further to discuss Fusion Project Portfolio Management, the notion of Social Project Management is on full display. With Fusion Project Portfolio Management, project team members have a single place for interaction on projects and access to any other resources working within the Fusion ERP applications. This allows team members the opportunity to be informed with greater participation and provide better information. The application’s the visual appeal, and highly graphical nature makes it easy to navigate information. The project activity stream adds to the intuitive user experience. The goal of productivity is pervasive throughout Fusion Project Portfolio Management. Field research conducted with Oracle customers and partners showed that users needed a way to stay in the context of their core transactions and yet easily access social networking tools. This is manifested in the application so when a user executes a business process, they not only have the transactional application at their fingertips, but also have things like e-mail, SMS, text, instant messaging, chat – all providing a number of different ways to interact with people and/or groups of people, both internal and external to the project and enterprise. But in the end, connecting people is relatively easy. The larger issue is finding a way to serve up relevant, system-generated, actionable information, in real time, which will allow for more streamlined execution on key business processes. Fusion Project Portfolio Management’s design concept enables users to create project communities, establish discussion threads, manage event calendars as well as deliver project based work spaces to organize communications within the context of a project – all within a secure business environment. We’d love to hear from you and get your thoughts and ideas about how Social Project Management is impacting your organization. To learn more about Oracle Fusion Project Portfolio Management, please visit this link

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Algorithm for Shortest Job First with Preemption

- by Shray

I want to implement a shortest job first routine using C# or C++. Priority of Jobs are based on their processing time. Jobs are processed using a binary (min) heap. There are three types of jobs. Type 1 is when jobs come in between every 4-6 seconds, with processing times between 4-6. Type 2 job comes in between 8-12 seconds, with processing times between 8-12. Type 3 job comes in between 24-26 seconds, with processing times between 14-16. So far, I have written the binary heap functionality, but Im kinda confused on how to start processing spawn and also the processor. #include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> using namespace std; int timecounting = 20; struct process{ int atime; int ptime; int type; }; class pque{ private: int count; public: process pheap[100]; process type1[100]; process type2[100]; process type3[100]; process type4[100]; pque(){ count = 0; } void swap(int a, int b){ process tempa = pheap[a]; process tempb = pheap[b]; pheap[b] = tempa; pheap[a] = tempb; } void add(process c){ int current; count++; pheap[count] = c; if(count > 0){ current = count; while(pheap[count/2].ptime > pheap[current].ptime){ swap(current/2, current); current = current/2; } } } void remove(){ process temp = pheap[1]; // saves process to temporary pheap[1] = pheap[count]; //takes last process in heap, and puts it at the root int n = 1; int leftchild = 2*n; int rightchild = 2*n + 1; while(leftchild < count && rightchild < count) { if(pheap[leftchild].ptime > pheap[rightchild].ptime) { if(pheap[leftchild].ptime > pheap[n].ptime) { swap(leftchild, n); n = leftchild; int leftchild = 2*n; int rightchild = 2*n + 1; } } else { if(pheap[rightchild].ptime > pheap[n].ptime) { swap(rightchild, n); n = rightchild; int leftchild = 2*n; int rightchild = 2*n + 1; } } } } void spawn1(){ process p; process p1; p1.atime = 0; int i = 0; srand(time(NULL)); while(i < timecounting) { p.atime = rand()%3 + 4 + p1.atime; p.ptime = rand()%5 + 1; p1.atime = p.atime; p.type = 1; type1[i+1] = p; i++; } } void spawn2(){ process p; process p1; p1.atime = 0; srand(time(NULL)); int i = 0; while(i < timecounting) { p.atime = rand()%3 + 9 + p1.atime; p.ptime = rand()%5 + 6; p1.atime = p.atime; p.type = 2; type2[i+1] = p; i++; } } void spawn3(){ process p; process p1; p1.atime = 0; srand(time(NULL)); int i = 0; while(i < timecounting) { p.atime = rand()%3 + 25 + p1.atime; p.ptime = rand()%5 + 11; p1.atime = p.atime; p.type = 3; type3[i+1] = p; i++; } } void spawn4(){ process p; process p1; p1.atime = 0; srand(time(NULL)); int i = 0; while(i < timecounting) { p.atime = rand()%6 + 30 + p1.atime; p.ptime = rand()%5 + 8; p1.atime = p.atime; p.type = 4; type4[i+1] = p; i++; } } void processor() { process p; process p1; p1.atime = 0; int n = 1; int n1 = 1; int n2 = 1; for(int i = 0; i<timecounting;i++) { if(type1[n].atime == i) { add(type1[n]); n++; } if(type2[n1].atime == i) { add(type1[n1]); n1++; } if(type3[n2].atime == i) { add(type1[n2]); n2++; } /* if(pheap[1].atime <= i) { while(pheap[1].atime != 0){ pheap[1].atime--; i++; } remove(); }*/ } } };

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Microphone not capturing sound on 12.04 Lenovo G580

- by Yam Marcovic

In both Skype and the Sound Recorder application, I am not capturing any audio from my built-in microphone. I'm not sure why. Otherwise, sound output is working well. I have tried running gstreamer-properties and setting the Default Input plugin to PulseAUdio as well (to match the output), and it didn't help. I have tried running alsamixer -V all and I only get 2 input-related entries: Capture(L R) which is on 100 and not muted (can't be either), and Analog Mic Boost which is on 20db. Extra info: Camera (video) is working well on Skype and Kamerka. Can you please help me get my microphone to work? lspci: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge DRAM Controller (rev 09) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort+ >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 42 Region 0: Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M] Region 2: Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Region 4: I/O ports at 3000 [size=64] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) (prog-if 30 [XHCI]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 41 Region 0: Memory at e0600000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 43 Region 0: Memory at e0614000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: mei Kernel modules: mei 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16 Region 0: Memory at e0619000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 44 Region 0: Memory at e0610000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00002000-00002fff Memory behind bridge: e0500000-e05fffff Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR- NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 Memory behind bridge: e0400000-e04fffff Secondary status: 66MHz- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- <SERR- <PERR- BridgeCtl: Parity- SERR- NoISA- VGA- MAbort- >Reset- FastB2B- PriDiscTmr- SecDiscTmr- DiscTmrStat- DiscTmrSERREn- Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 23 Region 0: Memory at e0618000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0]) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 40 Region 0: I/O ports at 3088 [size=8] Region 1: I/O ports at 3094 [size=4] Region 2: I/O ports at 3080 [size=8] Region 3: I/O ports at 3090 [size=4] Region 4: I/O ports at 3060 [size=32] Region 5: Memory at e0617000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3977 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap- 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Interrupt: pin C routed to IRQ 10 Region 0: Memory at e0615000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Region 4: I/O ports at 3040 [size=32] Kernel modules: i2c-i801 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8162 Fast Ethernet (rev 08) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 3979 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 11 Region 0: Memory at e0500000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K] Region 2: I/O ports at 2000 [size=128] Capabilities: <access denied> 02:00.0 Network controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 31a1 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17 Region 0: Memory at e0400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ath9k Kernel modules: ath9k aplay -l **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: CONEXANT Analog [CONEXANT Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

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How to debug lag using Bluetooth connected mouse and A2DP headset?

- by gertvdijk

I own a Logitech M555b mouse (since a week) for use with my HP Elitebook 8570w laptop running Kubuntu 12.04. Works fine right after connecting using the KDE Bluetooth control module. However, after some time (seemingly random), it starts to lag. Movements are being delayed for roughly 500ms for a short period of time. Usually it recovers after some time too, but it can take minutes. All actions are being delayed: movements, click, scrolls. Additionally, the movements can be choppy during these times. A workaround that always works for the same short period of time is to disconnect an re-connect the mouse. This can be done using the same KDE Bluetooth control module. What did I try already? Running this at boot time: echo on > `readlink -f /sys/class/bluetooth/hci0`/../../../power/level To disable any power saving features on the Bluetooth hci0 device. Check the mouse's batteries (it's just a week old, other new batteries: same result) Checking logs and kernel messages about Bluetooth-related entries: none aside the expected messages on connect time. I'm running kernel 3.5.0-13-generic as provided in the xorg-edgers PPA. Booting the regular 3.2 Precise kernel results in the same behaviour. Some other information that may help: It happens when no other Bluetooth connections are active on the machine. Similar symptoms also occur on my Bluetooth stereo (A2DP) headset, but then it's audio lagging and skipping. Swapping Bluetooth profiles as described here then helps. Conclusion: it's not the mouse that's faulty. The headset always worked fine using my now dead Thinkpad T61p with built-in Bluetooth. The bluetooth module in my laptop is connected via USB and shows up as Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0a5c:21e1 Broadcom Corp. I'm mobile and several people around me are using Bluetooth at work (A2DP mostly). It also occurs at home, where my neighbours are probably using Bluetooth as well. It could just be radio interference, but I think Bluetooth connections should just hop to another channel. And, moreover, it just works properly instantly when re-connecting. Therefore I think it's a software driver issue and I'd like to debug it. Is there any way to get more verbose logging on the Bluetooth(-hid) modules?

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Reviewing Retail Predictions for 2011

- by David Dorf

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Alternate Payments We've seen several alternate payment schemes emerge over the last two years, and 2011 may be the year one of them takes hold. Any competition that can drive down fees will be good for everyone. I'm betting that Apple will add NFC chips to their next version of the iPhone, then enable payments in stores using iTunes accounts on the backend. Paypal will continue to make inroads, and Isis will announce a pilot. The iPhone 4S did not contain an NFC chip, so we’ll have to continuing waiting for the iPhone 5. PayPal announced its moving into in-store payments, and Google launched its wallet in selected cities. Overall I think the payment scene is heating up and that trend will continue. 2. Engineered Systems The industry is moving toward purpose-built appliances that are optimized across the entire stack. Oracle calls these "engineered systems" and the first two examples are Exadata and Exalogic, but there are other examples from other vendors. These are particularly important to the retail industry because of the volume of data that must be processed. There should be continued adoption in 2011. Oracle reports that Exadata is its fasting growing product, and at the recent OpenWorld it announced the SuperCluster and Exalytics products, both continuing the engineered systems trend. SAP’s HANA continues to receive attention, and IBM also seems to be moving in this direction. 3. Social Analytics There are lots of tools that provide insight into how a brand is perceived across popular internet sites, but as far as I know, these tools are not industry specific. The next step needs to mine the data and determine how it should influence retail operations. The data needs to help retailers determine how they create promotions, which products to stock, and how to keep consumers engaged. Social data alone does not provide the answers, but its one more data point that will help retailers make better decisions. Look for some vendor consolidation to help make this happen. In March, Salesforce.com acquired leading social monitoring vendor Radian6 and followed up with acquisitions of Heroku and Model Metrics. The notion of Social CRM seems to be going more mainstream now. 4. 2-D Barcodes Look for more QRCodes on shelf-tags, in newspaper circulars, and on billboards. It's a great portal from the physical world into the digital one that buys us time until augmented reality matures further. Nobody wants to type "www", backslash, and ".com" on their phones. QRCodes are everywhere. ‘Nuff said. 5. In the words of Microsoft, "To the Cloud!" My favorite "cloud application" is Evernote. If you take notes on your work laptop, you will inevitably need those notes on your home PC. And if you manage to solve that problem, you'll need to access them from your mobile phone. Evernote stores your notes in the cloud and provides easy ways to access them. Being able to access a service from anywhere and not having to worry about backups, upgrades, etc. is great. Retailers will start to rely on cloud services, both public and private, in the coming year. There were no shortage of announcements in this area: Amazon’s cloud-based Kindle Fire, Apple’s iCloud, Oracle’s Public Cloud, etc. I saw an interesting presentation showing how BevMo moved their systems to the cloud. Seems like retailers are starting to consider the cloud for specific uses. 6. F-CommerceTop of Form Move over "E" and "M" so we can introduce "F-Commerce," which should go mainstream in 2011. Already several retailers have created small stores on Facebook, and it won't be long before Facebook becomes a full-fledged channel in the omni-channel world of retail. The battle between Facebook and Google will heat up over retail, where both stand to make lots of money. JCPenney and ASOS both put their entire catalogs on Facebook, and lots of other retailers have connected Facebook to their e-commerce site. I still think selling from the newsfeed is the best approach, and several retailers are trying that approach as well. I just don’t see Google+ as a threat to Facebook, so I think that battle is over. I called 2011 The Year of F-Commerce, and that was probably accurate. Its good to look back at predictions, but we also have to think about what was missed. I didn't see Amazon entering the tablet business with such a splash, although in hindsight it was obvious. Nor did I think HP would fall so far so fast. Look for my 2012 predictions coming soon.

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Real tortoises keep it slow and steady. How about the backups?

- by Maria Zakourdaev

… Four tortoises were playing in the backyard when they decided they needed hibiscus flower snacks. They pooled their money and sent the smallest tortoise out to fetch the snacks. Two days passed and there was no sign of the tortoise. "You know, she is taking a lot of time", said one of the tortoises. A little voice from just out side the fence said, "If you are going to talk that way about me I won't go." Is it too much to request from the quite expensive 3rd party backup tool to be a way faster than the SQL server native backup? Or at least save a respectable amount of storage by producing a really smaller backup files? By saying “really smaller”, I mean at least getting a file in half size. After Googling the internet in an attempt to understand what other “sql people” are using for database backups, I see that most people are using one of three tools which are the main players in SQL backup area: LiteSpeed by Quest SQL Backup by Red Gate SQL Safe by Idera The feedbacks about those tools are truly emotional and happy. However, while reading the forums and blogs I have wondered, is it possible that many are accustomed to using the above tools since SQL 2000 and 2005. This can easily be understood due to the fact that a 300GB database backup for instance, using regular a SQL 2005 backup statement would have run for about 3 hours and have produced ~150GB file (depending on the content, of course). Then you take a 3rd party tool which performs the same backup in 30 minutes resulting in a 30GB file leaving you speechless, you run to management persuading them to buy it due to the fact that it is definitely worth the price. In addition to the increased speed and disk space savings you would also get backup file encryption and virtual restore - features that are still missing from the SQL server. But in case you, as well as me, don’t need these additional features and only want a tool that performs a full backup MUCH faster AND produces a far smaller backup file (like the gain you observed back in SQL 2005 days) you will be quite disappointed. SQL Server backup compression feature has totally changed the market picture. Medium size database. Take a look at the table below, check out how my SQL server 2008 R2 compares to other tools when backing up a 300GB database. It appears that when talking about the backup speed, SQL 2008 R2 compresses and performs backup in similar overall times as all three other tools. 3rd party tools maximum compression level takes twice longer. Backup file gain is not that impressive, except the highest compression levels but the price that you pay is very high cpu load and much longer time. Only SQL Safe by Idera was quite fast with it’s maximum compression level but most of the run time have used 95% cpu on the server. Note that I have used two types of destination storage, SATA 11 disks and FC 53 disks and, obviously, on faster storage have got my backup ready in half time. Looking at the above results, should we spend money, bother with another layer of complexity and software middle-man for the medium sized databases? I’m definitely not going to do so. Very large database As a next phase of this benchmark, I have moved to a 6 terabyte database which was actually my main backup target. Note, how multiple files usage enables the SQL Server backup operation to use parallel I/O and remarkably increases it’s speed, especially when the backup device is heavily striped. SQL Server supports a maximum of 64 backup devices for a single backup operation but the most speed is gained when using one file per CPU, in the case above 8 files for a 2 Quad CPU server. The impact of additional files is minimal. However, SQLsafe doesn’t show any speed improvement between 4 files and 8 files. Of course, with such huge databases every half percent of the compression transforms into the noticeable numbers. Saving almost 470GB of space may turn the backup tool into quite valuable purchase. Still, the backup speed and high CPU are the variables that should be taken into the consideration. As for us, the backup speed is more critical than the storage and we cannot allow a production server to sustain 95% cpu for such a long time. Bottomline, 3rd party backup tool developers, we are waiting for some breakthrough release. There are a few unanswered questions, like the restore speed comparison between different tools and the impact of multiple backup files on restore operation. Stay tuned for the next benchmarks. Benchmark server: SQL Server 2008 R2 sp1 2 Quad CPU Database location: NetApp FC 15K Aggregate 53 discs Backup statements: No matter how good that UI is, we need to run the backup tasks from inside of SQL Server Agent to make sure they are covered by our monitoring systems. I have used extended stored procedures (command line execution also is an option, I haven’t noticed any impact on the backup performance). SQL backup LiteSpeed SQL Backup SQL safe backup database <DBNAME> to disk= '\\<networkpath>\par1.bak' , disk= '\\<networkpath>\par2.bak', disk= '\\<networkpath>\par3.bak' with format, compression EXECUTE master.dbo.xp_backup_database @database = N'<DBName>', @backupname= N'<DBName> full backup', @desc = N'Test', @compressionlevel=8, @filename= N'\\<networkpath>\par1.bak', @filename= N'\\<networkpath>\par2.bak', @filename= N'\\<networkpath>\par3.bak', @init = 1 EXECUTE master.dbo.sqlbackup '-SQL "BACKUP DATABASE <DBNAME> TO DISK= ''\\<networkpath>\par1.sqb'', DISK= ''\\<networkpath>\par2.sqb'', DISK= ''\\<networkpath>\par3.sqb'' WITH DISKRETRYINTERVAL = 30, DISKRETRYCOUNT = 10, COMPRESSION = 4, INIT"' EXECUTE master.dbo.xp_ss_backup @database = 'UCMSDB', @filename = '\\<networkpath>\par1.bak', @backuptype = 'Full', @compressionlevel = 4, @backupfile = '\\<networkpath>\par2.bak', @backupfile = '\\<networkpath>\par3.bak' If you still insist on using 3rd party tools for the backups in your production environment with maximum compression level, you will definitely need to consider limiting cpu usage which will increase the backup operation time even more: RedGate : use THREADPRIORITY option ( values 0 – 6 ) LiteSpeed : use @throttle ( percentage, like 70%) SQL safe : the only thing I have found was @Threads option. Yours, Maria

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elffile: ELF Specific File Identification Utility

- by user9154181

Solaris 11 has a new standard user level command, /usr/bin/elffile. elffile is a variant of the file utility that is focused exclusively on linker related files: ELF objects, archives, and runtime linker configuration files. All other files are simply identified as "non-ELF". The primary advantage of elffile over the existing file utility is in the area of archives — elffile examines the archive members and can produce a summary of the contents, or per-member details. The impetus to add elffile to Solaris came from the effort to extend the format of Solaris archives so that they could grow beyond their previous 32-bit file limits. That work introduced a new archive symbol table format. Now that there was more than one possible format, I thought it would be useful if the file utility could identify which format a given archive is using, leading me to extend the file utility: % cc -c ~/hello.c % ar r foo.a hello.o % file foo.a foo.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table % ar r -S foo.a hello.o % file foo.a foo.a: current ar archive, 64-bit symbol table In turn, this caused me to think about all the things that I would like the file utility to be able to tell me about an archive. In particular, I'd like to be able to know what's inside without having to unpack it. The end result of that train of thought was elffile. Much of the discussion in this article is adapted from the PSARC case I filed for elffile in December 2010: PSARC 2010/432 elffile Why file Is No Good For Archives And Yet Should Not Be Fixed The standard /usr/bin/file utility is not very useful when applied to archives. When identifying an archive, a user typically wants to know 2 things: Is this an archive? Presupposing that the archive contains objects, which is by far the most common use for archives, what platform are the objects for? Are they for sparc or x86? 32 or 64-bit? Some confusing combination from varying platforms? The file utility provides a quick answer to question (1), as it identifies all archives as "current ar archive". It does nothing to answer the more interesting question (2). To answer that question, requires a multi-step process: Extract all archive members Use the file utility on the extracted files, examine the output for each file in turn, and compare the results to generate a suitable summary description. Remove the extracted files It should be easier and more efficient to answer such an obvious question. It would be reasonable to extend the file utility to examine archive contents in place and produce a description. However, there are several reasons why I decided not to do so: The correct design for this feature within the file utility would have file examine each archive member in turn, applying its full abilities to each member. This would be elegant, but also represents a rather dramatic redesign and re-implementation of file. Archives nearly always contain nothing but ELF objects for a single platform, so such generality in the file utility would be of little practical benefit. It is best to avoid adding new options to standard utilities for which other implementations of interest exist. In the case of the file utility, one concern is that we might add an option which later appears in the GNU version of file with a different and incompatible meaning. Indeed, there have been discussions about replacing the Solaris file with the GNU version in the past. This may or may not be desirable, and may or may not ever happen. Either way, I don't want to preclude it. Examining archive members is an O(n) operation, and can be relatively slow with large archives. The file utility is supposed to be a very fast operation. I decided that extending file in this way is overkill, and that an investment in the file utility for better archive support would not be worth the cost. A solution that is more narrowly focused on ELF and other linker related files is really all that we need. The necessary code for doing this already exists within libelf. All that is missing is a small user-level wrapper to make that functionality available at the command line. In that vein, I considered adding an option for this to the elfdump utility. I examined elfdump carefully, and even wrote a prototype implementation. The added code is small and simple, but the conceptual fit with the rest of elfdump is poor. The result complicates elfdump syntax and documentation, definite signs that this functionality does not belong there. And so, I added this functionality as a new user level command. The elffile Command The syntax for this new command is elffile [-s basic | detail | summary] filename... Please see the elffile(1) manpage for additional details. To demonstrate how output from elffile looks, I will use the following files: FileDescription configA runtime linker configuration file produced with crle dwarf.oAn ELF object /etc/passwdA text file mixed.aArchive containing a mixture of ELF and non-ELF members mixed_elf.aArchive containing ELF objects for different machines not_elf.aArchive containing no ELF objects same_elf.aArchive containing a collection of ELF objects for the same machine. This is the most common type of archive. The file utility identifies these files as follows: % file config dwarf.o /etc/passwd mixed.a mixed_elf.a not_elf.a same_elf.a config: Runtime Linking Configuration 64-bit MSB SPARCV9 dwarf.o: ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable AMD64 Version 1 /etc/passwd: ascii text mixed.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table mixed_elf.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table not_elf.a: current ar archive same_elf.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table By default, elffile uses its "summary" output style. This output differs from the output from the file utility in 2 significant ways: Files that are not an ELF object, archive, or runtime linker configuration file are identified as "non-ELF", whereas the file utility attempts further identification for such files. When applied to an archive, the elffile output includes a description of the archive's contents, without requiring member extraction or other additional steps. Applying elffile to the above files: % elffile config dwarf.o /etc/passwd mixed.a mixed_elf.a not_elf.a same_elf.a config: Runtime Linking Configuration 64-bit MSB SPARCV9 dwarf.o: ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable AMD64 Version 1 /etc/passwd: non-ELF mixed.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table, mixed ELF and non-ELF content mixed_elf.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table, mixed ELF content not_elf.a: current ar archive, non-ELF content same_elf.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table, ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable AMD64 Version 1 The output for same_elf.a is of particular interest: The vast majority of archives contain only ELF objects for a single platform, and in this case, the default output from elffile answers both of the questions about archives posed at the beginning of this discussion, in a single efficient step. This makes elffile considerably more useful than file, within the realm of linker-related files. elffile can produce output in two other styles, "basic", and "detail". The basic style produces output that is the same as that from 'file', for linker-related files. The detail style produces per-member identification of archive contents. This can be useful when the archive contents are not homogeneous ELF object, and more information is desired than the summary output provides: % elffile -s detail mixed.a mixed.a: current ar archive, 32-bit symbol table mixed.a(dwarf.o): ELF 32-bit LSB relocatable 80386 Version 1 mixed.a(main.c): non-ELF content mixed.a(main.o): ELF 64-bit LSB relocatable AMD64 Version 1 [SSE]

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Correcting color-shifted mirrored i915 driver in 12.04?

- by Will Martin

I was called in to fix a friend's malfunctioning HP Pavilion. She's not sure exactly which model, but the sticker on the bottom says "G60". The problem was a failed upgrade to 12.04. I was able to mostly repair it with sudo apt-get -f install, which ran setup and configuration for several hundred packages. The biggest problem at the moment is Xorg. The login screen (lightdm) loads normally but at a reduced resolution (1024x768 instead of 1366x768). But once you log in, it looks like this: Observe that the colors of the dock on the left and the bar at the top are normal. But the background is filled with bizarro color-skewed ghost images of the desktop. In all cases, the actual contents of any programs you run is a totally illegible mess, except that the bar at the top of any program windows looks and acts normally. And the ghost images are interactive! For example, if you click the icon in the top right corner to get the "shut down" menu, the same menu will appear in the ghost images below. Starting a terminal will start a terminal window in both the real desktop and the ghost images, and moving it around updates both the real and ghost desktops. I suspect Xorg is using some kind of wrong driver and/or parameter for the graphics hardware. Here is the graphics-relevant portion of the lspci -v output: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Memory Controller Hub (rev 09) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 360b Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0a <?> Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 360b Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 44 Memory at d0000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M] Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at 5110 [size=8] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 3 Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 360b Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Memory at d2500000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M] Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 3 I'm not sure what to check next. I would ordinarily check xorg.conf to see what it says, but that apparently doesn't exist any more, and my googling has not yielded any useful techniques for getting Xorg to tell me what settings it decided to use. The weird part is that it works fine on the login screen. It's only when you actually log in as a user that the display gets screwed up. Suggestions?

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krb5-multidev, libk5crypto3, libk5crypto3:i386 package dependency

- by TDalton

Using Ubuntu 12.04 Asus U43F I can no longer update, install or remove packages via software center because of package dependency errors. sudo apt-get install -f reads the following: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libunity6 libqapt-runtime libboost-program-options1.46.1 akonadi-backend-mysql libqapt1 shared-desktop-ontologies libntrack0 ntrack-module-libnl-0 libntrack-qt4-1 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: krb5-multidev libk5crypto3:i386 libkrb5-dev Suggested packages: krb5-doc krb5-doc:i386 krb5-user:i386 The following packages will be upgraded: krb5-multidev libk5crypto3:i386 libkrb5-dev 3 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 325 not upgraded. 11 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/213 kB of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y dpkg: error processing libk5crypto3 (--configure): libk5crypto3:amd64 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3 cannot be configured because libk5crypto3:i386 is in a different version (1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.1) dpkg: error processing libk5crypto3:i386 (--configure): libk5crypto3:i386 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.1 cannot be configured because libk5crypto3:amd64 is in a different version (1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3) dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkrb5-3: libkrb5-3 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.9+dfsg~beta1); however:No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkrb5-3 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgssapi-krb5-2: libgssapi-krb5-2 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.8+dfsg); however: Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. libgssapi-krb5-2 depends on libkrb5-3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3); however: Package libkrb5-3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libgssapi-krb5-2 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgssrpc4: libgssrpc4 depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.10+dfsg~); however: Package libgssapi-krb5-2 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libgssrpc4 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkadm5srv-mit8: libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libgssapi-krb5-2 is not configured yet. libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libgssrpc4 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libgssrpc4 is not configured yet. libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. libkadm5srv-mit8 depends on libkrb5-3 (>= 1.9+dfsg~beta1); however: Package libkrb5-3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkadm5srv-mit8 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkadm5clnt-mit8: libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (>= 1.10+dfsg~); however: Package libgssapi-krb5-2 is not configured yet. libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libgssrpc4 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libgssrpc4 is not configured yet.No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however: Package libk5crypto3 is not configured yet. libkadm5clnt-mit8 depends on libkrb5-3 (>= 1.8+dfsg); however: Package libkrb5-3 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkadm5clnt-mit8 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of krb5-multidev: krb5-multidev depends on libkrb5-3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libkrb5-3 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libk5crypto3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libk5crypto3 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libgssapi-krb5-2 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libgssapi-krb5-2 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libgssrpc4 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libgssrpc4 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libkadm5srv-mit8 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libkadm5srv-mit8 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. krb5-multidev depends on libkadm5clnt-mit8 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Version of libkadm5clnt-mit8 on system is 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3. dpkg: error processing krb5-multidev (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkrb5-dev: libkrb5-dev depends on krb5-multidev (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.2); however: Package krb5-multidev is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkrb5-dev (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libkrb5-3:i386: libkrb5-3:i386 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.9+dfsg~beta1); however: Package libk5crypto3:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libkrb5-3:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgssapi-krb5-2:i386: libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 depends on libk5crypto3 (>= 1.8+dfsg); however: Package libk5crypto3:i386 is not configured yet. libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 depends on libkrb5-3 (= 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3); however: Package libkrb5-3:i386 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: libk5crypto3 libk5crypto3:i386 libkrb5-3 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssrpc4 libkadm5srv-mit8 libkadm5clnt-mit8 krb5-multidev libkrb5-dev libkrb5-3:i386 libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I have tried to fix the broken dependencies via synaptic package manager, but it returns with an error: E: libk5crypto3: libk5crypto3:amd64 1.10+dfsg~beta1-2ubuntu0.3 cannot be configured because libk5crypto3 E: libkrb5-3: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libgssapi-krb5-2: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libgssrpc4: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libkadm5srv-mit8: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libkadm5clnt-mit8: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: krb5-multidev: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured E: libkrb5-dev: dependency problems - leaving unconfigured I haven't gotten help from ubuntuforums.org on this issue. Please help, obi-wan

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Scheduling thread tiles with C++ AMP

- by Daniel Moth

This post assumes you are totally comfortable with, what some of us call, the simple model of C++ AMP, i.e. you could write your own matrix multiplication. We are now ready to explore the tiled model, which builds on top of the non-tiled one. Tiling the extent We know that when we pass a grid (which is just an extent under the covers) to the parallel_for_each call, it determines the number of threads to schedule and their index values (including dimensionality). For the single-, two-, and three- dimensional cases you can go a step further and subdivide the threads into what we call tiles of threads (others may call them thread groups). So here is a single-dimensional example: extent<1> e(20); // 20 units in a single dimension with indices from 0-19 grid<1> g(e); // same as extent tiled_grid<4> tg = g.tile<4>(); …on the 3rd line we subdivided the single-dimensional space into 5 single-dimensional tiles each having 4 elements, and we captured that result in a concurrency::tiled_grid (a new class in amp.h). Let's move on swiftly to another example, in pictures, this time 2-dimensional: So we start on the left with a grid of a 2-dimensional extent which has 8*6=48 threads. We then have two different examples of tiling. In the first case, in the middle, we subdivide the 48 threads into tiles where each has 4*3=12 threads, hence we have 2*2=4 tiles. In the second example, on the right, we subdivide the original input into tiles where each has 2*2=4 threads, hence we have 4*3=12 tiles. Notice how you can play with the tile size and achieve different number of tiles. The numbers you pick must be such that the original total number of threads (in our example 48), remains the same, and every tile must have the same size. Of course, you still have no clue why you would do that, but stick with me. First, we should see how we can use this tiled_grid, since the parallel_for_each function that we know expects a grid. Tiled parallel_for_each and tiled_index It turns out that we have additional overloads of parallel_for_each that accept a tiled_grid instead of a grid. However, those overloads, also expect that the lambda you pass in accepts a concurrency::tiled_index (new in amp.h), not an index<N>. So how is a tiled_index different to an index? A tiled_index object, can have only 1 or 2 or 3 dimensions (matching exactly the tiled_grid), and consists of 4 index objects that are accessible via properties: global, local, tile_origin, and tile. The global index is the same as the index we know and love: the global thread ID. The local index is the local thread ID within the tile. The tile_origin index returns the global index of the thread that is at position 0,0 of this tile, and the tile index is the position of the tile in relation to the overall grid. Confused? Here is an example accompanied by a picture that hopefully clarifies things: array_view<int, 2> data(8, 6, p_my_data); parallel_for_each(data.grid.tile<2,2>(), [=] (tiled_index<2,2> t_idx) restrict(direct3d) { /* todo */ }); Given the code above and the picture on the right, what are the values of each of the 4 index objects that the t_idx variables exposes, when the lambda is executed by T (highlighted in the picture on the right)? If you can't work it out yourselves, the solution follows: t_idx.global = index<2> (6,3) t_idx.local = index<2> (0,1) t_idx.tile_origin = index<2> (6,2) t_idx.tile = index<2> (3,1) Don't move on until you are comfortable with this… the picture really helps, so use it. Tiled Matrix Multiplication Example – part 1 Let's paste here the C++ AMP matrix multiplication example, bolding the lines we are going to change (can you guess what the changes will be?) 01: void MatrixMultiplyTiled_Part1(vector<float>& vC, const vector<float>& vA, const vector<float>& vB, int M, int N, int W) 02: { 03: 04: array_view<const float,2> a(M, W, vA); 05: array_view<const float,2> b(W, N, vB); 06: array_view<writeonly<float>,2> c(M, N, vC); 07: parallel_for_each(c.grid, 08: [=](index<2> idx) restrict(direct3d) { 09: 10: int row = idx[0]; int col = idx[1]; 11: float sum = 0.0f; 12: for(int i = 0; i < W; i++) 13: sum += a(row, i) * b(i, col); 14: c[idx] = sum; 15: }); 16: } To turn this into a tiled example, first we need to decide our tile size. Let's say we want each tile to be 16*16 (which assumes that we'll have at least 256 threads to process, and that c.grid.extent.size() is divisible by 256, and moreover that c.grid.extent[0] and c.grid.extent[1] are divisible by 16). So we insert at line 03 the tile size (which must be a compile time constant). 03: static const int TS = 16; ...then we need to tile the grid to have tiles where each one has 16*16 threads, so we change line 07 to be as follows 07: parallel_for_each(c.grid.tile<TS,TS>(), ...that means that our index now has to be a tiled_index with the same characteristics as the tiled_grid, so we change line 08 08: [=](tiled_index<TS, TS> t_idx) restrict(direct3d) { ...which means, without changing our core algorithm, we need to be using the global index that the tiled_index gives us access to, so we insert line 09 as follows 09: index<2> idx = t_idx.global; ...and now this code just works and it is tiled! Closing thoughts on part 1 The process we followed just shows the mechanical transformation that can take place from the simple model to the tiled model (think of this as step 1). In fact, when we wrote the matrix multiplication example originally, the compiler was doing this mechanical transformation under the covers for us (and it has additional smarts to deal with the cases where the total number of threads scheduled cannot be divisible by the tile size). The point is that the thread scheduling is always tiled, even when you use the non-tiled model. But with this mechanical transformation, we haven't gained anything… Hint: our goal with explicitly using the tiled model is to gain even more performance. In the next post, we'll evolve this further (beyond what the compiler can automatically do for us, in this first release), so you can see the full usage of the tiled model and its benefits… Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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Master-slave vs. peer-to-peer archictecture: benefits and problems

- by Ashok_Ora

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE Almost two decades ago, I was a member of a database development team that introduced adaptive locking. Locking, the most popular concurrency control technique in database systems, is pessimistic. Locking ensures that two or more conflicting operations on the same data item don’t “trample” on each other’s toes, resulting in data corruption. In a nutshell, here’s the issue we were trying to address. In everyday life, traffic lights serve the same purpose. They ensure that traffic flows smoothly and when everyone follows the rules, there are no accidents at intersections. As I mentioned earlier, the problem with typical locking protocols is that they are pessimistic. Regardless of whether there is another conflicting operation in the system or not, you have to hold a lock! Acquiring and releasing locks can be quite expensive, depending on how many objects the transaction touches. Every transaction has to pay this penalty. To use the earlier traffic light analogy, if you have ever waited at a red light in the middle of nowhere with no one on the road, wondering why you need to wait when there’s clearly no danger of a collision, you know what I mean. The adaptive locking scheme that we invented was able to minimize the number of locks that a transaction held, by detecting whether there were one or more transactions that needed conflicting eyou could get by without holding any lock at all. In many “well-behaved” workloads, there are few conflicts, so this optimization is a huge win. If, on the other hand, there are many concurrent, conflicting requests, the algorithm gracefully degrades to the “normal” behavior with minimal cost. We were able to reduce the number of lock requests per TPC-B transaction from 178 requests down to 2! Wow! This is a dramatic improvement in concurrency as well as transaction latency. The lesson from this exercise was that if you can identify the common scenario and optimize for that case so that only the uncommon scenarios are more expensive, you can make dramatic improvements in performance without sacrificing correctness. So how does this relate to the architecture and design of some of the modern NoSQL systems? NoSQL systems can be broadly classified as master-slave sharded, or peer-to-peer sharded systems. NoSQL systems with a peer-to-peer architecture have an interesting way of handling changes. Whenever an item is changed, the client (or an intermediary) propagates the changes synchronously or asynchronously to multiple copies (for availability) of the data. Since the change can be propagated asynchronously, during some interval in time, it will be the case that some copies have received the update, and others haven’t. What happens if someone tries to read the item during this interval? The client in a peer-to-peer system will fetch the same item from multiple copies and compare them to each other. If they’re all the same, then every copy that was queried has the same (and up-to-date) value of the data item, so all’s good. If not, then the system provides a mechanism to reconcile the discrepancy and to update stale copies. So what’s the problem with this? There are two major issues: First, IT’S HORRIBLY PESSIMISTIC because, in the common case, it is unlikely that the same data item will be updated and read from different locations at around the same time! For every read operation, you have to read from multiple copies. That’s a pretty expensive, especially if the data are stored in multiple geographically separate locations and network latencies are high. Second, if the copies are not all the same, the application has to reconcile the differences and propagate the correct value to the out-dated copies. This means that the application program has to handle discrepancies in the different versions of the data item and resolve the issue (which can further add to cost and operation latency). Resolving discrepancies is only one part of the problem. What if the same data item was updated independently on two different nodes (copies)? In that case, due to the asynchronous nature of change propagation, you might land up with different versions of the data item in different copies. In this case, the application program also has to resolve conflicts and then propagate the correct value to the copies that are out-dated or have incorrect versions. This can get really complicated. My hunch is that there are many peer-to-peer-based applications that don’t handle this correctly, and worse, don’t even know it. Imagine have 100s of millions of records in your database – how can you tell whether a particular data item is incorrect or out of date? And what price are you willing to pay for ensuring that the data can be trusted? Multiple network messages per read request? Discrepancy and conflict resolution logic in the application, and potentially, additional messages? All this overhead, when all you were trying to do was to read a data item. Wouldn’t it be simpler to avoid this problem in the first place? Master-slave architectures like the Oracle NoSQL Database handles this very elegantly. A change to a data item is always sent to the master copy. Consequently, the master copy always has the most current and authoritative version of the data item. The master is also responsible for propagating the change to the other copies (for availability and read scalability). Client drivers are aware of master copies and replicas, and client drivers are also aware of the “currency” of a replica. In other words, each NoSQL Database client knows how stale a replica is. This vastly simplifies the job of the application developer. If the application needs the most current version of the data item, the client driver will automatically route the request to the master copy. If the application is willing to tolerate some staleness of data (e.g. a version that is no more than 1 second out of date), the client can easily determine which replica (or set of replicas) can satisfy the request, and route the request to the most efficient copy. This results in a dramatic simplification in application logic and also minimizes network requests (the driver will only send the request to exactl the right replica, not many). So, back to my original point. A well designed and well architected system minimizes or eliminates unnecessary overhead and avoids pessimistic algorithms wherever possible in order to deliver a highly efficient and high performance system. If you’ve every programmed an Oracle NoSQL Database application, you’ll know the difference! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}

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