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• Need Routing help (tagged/untagged)

  - by TheCleaner

  I really need some help trying to figure some "basic" routing. My brain is fried from being sick for a week and I'm not thinking clearly. Picture below describes my "setup". I'm trying to accomplish routing a user from their workstation to the Juniper SSG520 and then "OUT" through the internet connection. I can't move the connection as it is physically located where the user's switch is. Here's what I CAN do at this point: I can ping from the Juniper SSG520 eth3/3 to 6x.xxx.253.116 from 6x.xxx.253.114 I can ping from the x450 in the top right to 6x.xxx.253.112 from 6x.xxx.253.116 What I CANNOT DO: I cannot ping from the SSG520 eth3/3 to 6x.xxx.253.112 from 6x.xxx.253.114 (basically from the Juniper box to the gateway. I've tried changing port 1 in the x450 VLAN 666 as tagged but when I do that then I can't even ping from the Juniper SSG520 eth3/3 to the VLAN on the x450 (6x.xxx.253.116). I need to route traffic out the eth3/3 interface on the SSG520 THROUGH the 2 x450 Switches and out the internet connection. The caveat is that the 2 x450 switches are connected via fiber over distance and have tagged VLANs in them for the routing. Thoughts? http://img251.imageshack.us/img251/7752/drawing1.jpg

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• Can I have 2Gbit over 1Gbit Nics

  - by Daniel

  So this really baffles me. Apparently because 1Gbit can transmit data in both directions simultaneously it should be possible to get 2Gbit of data transfer on a single NIC (1Gbit flow seend and 1Gbit receive). People claim that because 1Gbit is full-duplex (almost always) it is exactly 2Gbit in total. My intuition and electrical background tells me that something is not right here 4 twisted pairs 250Mbit capacity each gives 1Gbit. Unless it is really possible to transfer data in both directions simultaneously. I did a test with iperf. Ubuntu server 12.04 <-- MacBook Pro. Both with decent CPU speed. Tested speed of connection individually and on Mac I can see 112MB/s regardless which direction data is going. On Ubuntu with vnstat and ifstat I got 970Mbit speeds. Now, launching iperf in server mode on both machines at the same time and sending data using 2 iperf clients shows that I'm for example on Ubuntu box sending at 600Mbit, and receiving 350Mbit. which adds up to pretty much 1Gbit link. So to me there is no magical 2Gbit. Can someone confirm that or tell why I'm wrong? Another thing that confuses me i the fact that e.g. 24-port switch has for example: Throughput»up»to:»50.6Mpps Switching»capacity:»68Gbps Switch»fabric»speed:»88Gbps Which would suggest thay can handle 2GBit per port.

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• Diagnosing SAN connectivity issues (RHEL5)

  - by Matthew

  We are currently utilizing GFS2 to share a SAN LUN between 3 servers. However due to a feature problem with vendor software we are using, we currently have the volume unmounted on two of the boxes, and are instead exporting the GFS2 filesystem via NFS from the first one (the software requires some weird locking mechanics that GFS2 doesn't support). As of this morning, NFS was no longer able to read/write to the volume from any of the servers, including the NFS server. I then tried checking the normal mount (the directory that is exported on the NFS server) and I received a weird input/output error just trying to CD into it. When I tried running multipath, I got a DM error, however multipath -l worked just fine. I tried unmounting the GFS2 volume, and the CLI hung. I ran init 0 which killed most services, but then the shutdown appeared to have been hung. I logged in via out of band access (hp ILO) and saw that the shutdown was hung trying to unmount GFS2 volumes. My main priority was getting the box back online so after about 5 minutes of waiting I did a hard reset. I am now trying to figure out what went wrong. What are the correct logs to investigate? I've never run into SAN issues like this before. The SAN is connected via 2 fibre connections. Any help would really be appreciated. Everything appears to be up and functional now.

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• How much memory will a Windows file-server be able to use effectively.

  - by Zoredache

  In the near future we will be moving our fileserver to a newer box that will be running Windows 2008R2. I want to know how much memory Windows will be able to use for a system that is just a file-server. In searching around I found an old document for Windows 2000 that mentions the maximum size of the file-system cache is 960MB. I suspect this limit no longer applies, but is there a new limit? The file server will be just a standard Windows fileserver. It will have 1TB of attached storage. The large majority of the of the files accessed during the day are just typical Office documents. There are 80-100 people usually using the fileserver during a typical day. This system will only be used as a file server, it doesn't have any other roles. In Windows 2008r2 is there any hard limits for the filesystem cache? What are they? The server we will be re-using for this purpose currently has 4GB of memory, but it can be maxed out at 16GB. Is there any value in doing this for a Windows file-server? Are there any performance counters can I look at on the existing 2003 fileserver that will tell me if adding more memory will be worthwhile.

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• Conky starts above windows in Ubuntu Maverick

  - by DesertIvy

  Hey guys, I did not run into this problem until I upgraded my Ubuntu box to Maverick Meerkat (10.10). Basically, whenever I start my computer, conky runs as expected, except it gets drawn over any windows that I load (see screenshot). To fix this for a single session, I simply restart conky by running killall conky; conky in a terminal. Conky gets re-drawn below active windows (namely, only appearing on my desktop), and does not have the border/drop-shadow, but I have to do this every time I start a new session. Is there a simple way to fix this? I have a small shell script that I run on startup, but it does not seem to solve the problem. #!/bin/bash sleep 10 && conky; sleep 5 && killall conky; conky; Below is the non-text part of my .conkyrc file. # Conky settings # background yes update_interval 1 cpu_avg_samples 2 net_avg_samples 2 override_utf8_locale yes double_buffer yes no_buffers yes text_buffer_size 2048 #imlib_cache_size 0 temperature_unit fahrenheit # Window specifications # own_window yes own_window_type override own_window_transparent yes own_window_hints undecorate,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager,below border_inner_margin 0 border_outer_margin 0 minimum_size 200 250 maximum_width 200 alignment tr gap_x 220 gap_y 280 # Graphics settings # draw_shades no draw_outline no draw_borders no draw_graph_borders no # Text settings # use_xft yes xftfont caviar dreams:size=8 xftalpha 0.5 uppercase no temperature_unit celsius default_color FFFFFF # Lua Load # lua_load ~/.lua/scripts/clock_rings.lua lua_draw_hook_pre clock_rings

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• Building a Media Center PC with Comcast Cable...?

  - by Rob

  Alright - so this might be a stupid question but I've never been all that much into TV. I currently have Comcast cable. I've just got the 'basic' 2-60 package or whatever; I've just always plugged the cable into the back of my TV. I've never had a cable box. Recently, Comcast has been pulling channels off of my line-up. Most recently, the stole the TV Guide channel from me. I'm told this is part of a push to get customers to switch to their digital line-up. But, I'm also told it requires some sort of digital receiver for each TV you've got. I don't want to buy a bunch of these digital receivers and I don't want to pay the monthly rental fee...but I have heard of how awesome media center PCs are and some really cool things they can do. And, I've got loads of PC parts sitting around. So, can someone guide me through this a bit? Are there computer video cards or TV tuners that are going to work with Comcast's digital cable? What kind of price range are we looking at?

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• XP Client for NFS failure dialog on startup, but drive mapping works

  - by Matt Bennett

  I'm mounting an NFS share to some windows machines using the tools that come in the Services for UNIX Administration toolkit. I've set up the User Name Mapping service to use local passwd and group files. I had to manually start the User Name Mapping service, and then created an 'advanced map' from the XP machine's user to a uid that exists in on my NFS server, like so: Windows User: Matt Bennett UNIX Domain: PCNFS UNIX User: mattbennett UID: 10250 Primary: * I can map a network drive without any issues, and it correctly identifies the UID and GID to use, but when I reboot I get this message: "An error occurred while connecting to the NFS server. Make sure that the Client for NFS service has started. If the problem persists make sure Client for NFS service can communicate with User Name Mapping or PCNFS server." After dismissing the dialog, the machine finishes booting and the network drive is there in My Computer with the title "Disconnected Network Drive", but I can open it I can see the network share without a problem, and then it drops the 'disconnected' from its title. It seems like the services are starting in the wrong order or something, so the first attempt to connect fails but subsequent ones work as expected. There don't seem to be any symptoms apart from the dialog box, but obviously something's not quite right. What have I done wrong? Thanks, Matt.

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• SATA HDD stuttering on reads (LED on)

  - by jdehaan

  I hope I can get some new ideas to solve the issue. What I have: AMD Phenom II X4 905e Box, Sockel AM3 Gigabyte GA-MA790XTA-UD4, AMD 790X, AM3 ATX WD Caviar GreenPower 1,5TB SATA II 4GB Kit OCZ DDR3 PC3-10666 Platinum Low-Voltage CL7 HIS HD 4670 iSilence4 DDR3 1024MB Native HDMI Dual-DVI, PCI-Express Behavior: Everything works normally excepting the HDD accesses. The drive seems to get stuck in reading data (LED drive by Mainboard is on for a while) then recovers and goes on. There is a delay of more than 30s sometimes. Often it is a matter of 5-10s. This does not seem related to the workload of the disk. What I tried so far: Use different SATA port: I switched from the SATA3 to SATA2 then the SATA driven by the CPU, no difference. Turned AHCI off, drove the SATA in IDE mode, same behavior, now I felt like the HDD has problems Deactivated energy saving settings (BeQuiet, ...), disabled 3 CPUs (msconfig) supposing some race condition or trouble with changing freqs, same trouble With Windows7 Professional 64Bit, I installed the hotfix http://support.microsoft.com/?scid=kb%3Ben-us%3B976418&x=8&y=9 with no success. The problem description matches what I experienced, so I felt lucky but was quite in a sad mood after being deceived. Burned the DLG 5.04f DataLifeGuard CD from WD to check the drive. All tests passed, to my surprise! Installed an Ubuntu on the same drive i386 flavour. Drive still in IDE mode, exactly the same behavior. So the OS does not matter. What I did not try yet: http://www.gigabyte.eu/Support/Motherboard/BIOS_Model.aspx?ProductID=3263 I have a F2 BIOS and there is a F3a Beta, did someone have similar issues that were solved by this update? It is a beta so I fear upgrading a bit and I could find no release notes at all on the net, not really serious work maybe they had issues translating from Chinese??? Using another HDD drive Does someone have other hints or a similar issue? Maybe it is neither the HDD nor the Mainboard/BIOS?

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• Development on Windows 7; Web server on Linux - How to share Apache web root?

  - by TheKeys

  I've got a LAMP server that I want to use as a local web server. I've got a Windows 7 machine that I want to use as my development machine. The machines will be on the same LAN (or the Windows box will be VPNed into the LAN). My questions is, what is the best way of sharing the web root of the LAMP server so that I can edit the files on the remote Windows 7 machine and how do I go about configuring this on the Linux machine? (Fedora 16) I would like the solution to be as easy to use as possible with preferably no extra steps required to save/edit/upload files from my IDE on my Windows 7 machine. I'm thinking either a Samba or NFS share are the way to go but I'm concerned I'm going to run into issues with permissions and unix/windows file handling. Is one better than ther other for my use case or is there a better alternative solution? I'm currently using Windows 7 Professional which doesn't have NFS support but would upgrade to Ultimate which does have NFS support if it's the best solution.

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• Determining a realistic measure of requests per second for a web server

  - by Don

  I'm setting up a nginx stack and optimizing the configuration before going live. Running ab to stress test the machine, I was disappointed to see things topping out at 150 requests per second with a significant number of requests taking 1 second to return. Oddly, the machine itself wasn't even breathing hard. I finally thought to ping the box and saw ping times around 100-125 ms. (The machine, to my surprise, is across the country). So, it seems like network latency is dominating my testing. Running the same tests from a machine on the same network as the server (ping times < 1ms) and I see 5000 requests per second, which is more in-line with what I expected from the machine. But this got me thinking: How do I determine and report a "realistic" measure of requests per second for a web server? You always see claims about performance, but shouldn't network latency be taken into consideration? Sure I can serve 5000 request per second to a machine next to the server, but not to a machine across the country. If I have a lot of slow connections, they will eventually impact my server's performance, right? Or am I thinking about this all wrong? Forgive me if this is network engineering 101 stuff. I'm a developer by trade. Update: Edited for clarity.

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• Web based file search in the lan?

  - by Magnetic_dud

  I would like to search files in my lan easily. (over 500k files on SMB shares, it would take ages with other ways) I mean, i just need to do a quick search on file names, i don't care content indexing at all, as most of my files are in a proprietary format, and the file name is explicative enough. But, date range filters are a must for me. I just need a quick search like voidtools' everything can do, but in a network way The files are on a WHS box (lol, Videos and Music share names are not appropriate for a company, but a license for that win2003-based os is cheaper than an xp home one!) I tried: Lansearch pro: it is not good for me, as i need a quick index Network Search Engine: it would be perfect, but does not offer a date range filter Microsoft Search Server 2008 Express, but it is horrible! First, does NOT index filenames, and then, my Core2Duo is not powerful enough to run it smoothly. Google Desktop with a proxy on localhost to make it run on the lan, but i don't like the hacked result. The preinstalled Windows Search 4.0 but it sucks totally in choosing the relevance of data - uninstalled Docco... what's that? I am considering to try: Ibm omnifind DocFetcher (can it work as a client? did not investigated yet) Strigi (it looks like that it can work as a client, right?) Any ideas/suggestions?

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• Win7 - Some pinned program's icons are corrupt, show default

  - by Andrew Backer

  I have both FF 3.6 & Chrome pinned to my taskbar in win7. The icons for these two programs show up as the ugly default icon from yesteryear. Strange. Is there some way to force an icon refresh for pinned programs? When I first added them they showed properly, but several days later they reverted to this state Un-pinning the program causes the icon to show up properly, and re-pinning it causes it to break again. These other proggies show up fine: Media Center, Media Player Classic HC, Hulu Desktop, WMP, and the folders. I have 2 user accounts on this box, and both are showing this behavior. I have tried changing the taskbar icon size to 'small' and back, but to no effect. Edit (Add) The icons show up as broken in the start menu too, but I can navigate to the EXE directly. When I click "change icon" in the properties for the start menu entry I get the error : Can not find %ProgramFiles%\Google\Chrome...\chrome.exe.

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• Move an existing RAID 5 array from Ubuntu to Gentoo

  - by Cocoabean

  I have a 64-bit Ubuntu machine with a 4-disk RAID 5 using software raid (md). I've been able to boot an Ubuntu LiveCD and recognize the array with a simple mdadm -A /dev/md0. It was easy to mount after that and nothing had to rebuild. I'm installing Gentoo on this box now (multi-boot, non-RAID root partition) and I have md auto-detect turned on in the kernel. When I boot Gentoo I get: "invalid superblock magic on sdd" for each of the drives in the array. I boot back to Ubuntu and they mount no problem. I tried copying the mdadm.conf that works in Ubuntu to Gentoo, and then ran mdadm -A /dev/md0 but it reports that there is no array named md0. I don't want to lose data (obviously) and I don't want to have to let the RAID rebuild every time I switch between OSes. Any help is appreciated. Both are using mdadm 3.1.4 Both are running 64-bit kernels. mdadm -D /dev/md0 from Ubuntu yields: http://pastebin.com/5gj2QNkV UPDATE: After rebooting I noticed that it still complains about invalid blocks, but cat /proc/mdstat shows an inactive /dev/md127 with the same disks as my raid. I want to mount it but I don't want to get stuck waiting for a rebuild or destroying it inadvertently. mdadm -D /dev/md127 Here is pastebin of mdadm -D /dev/md127 on gentoo: http://pastebin.com/gDCWn0Rn UPDATE II: dmesg output about 'invalid raid superblocks' http://paste.ubuntu.com/885471/ fdisk -l from Ubuntu, /dev/md0 does not have any partitions but I do have it mounted and accessible: http://paste.ubuntu.com/885475/

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• SQL Server Backup problem when browsing to the directory

  - by Richard West

  I want to allow a group (eg. 'BackupManagers') who can only preform backup and restore operations on certain databases. When creating the BackupManagers user account I checked db_backupoperator. When the user logs in to create a backup they get an error message similar to the following when the select Tasks - Backup - Click on Add in the destiantion block - click on the "..." button to browse TITLE: Locate Database Files - MYSERVER\SQL2005 E:\MSSQL\Backup Cannot access the specified path or file on the server. Verify that you have the necessary security privileges and that the path or file exists. If you know that the service account can access a specific file, type in the full path for the file in the File Name control in the Locate dialog box. I have confirmed that the user has permissions to the folder. I have even created a share to this folder and had them access it through explorer. They are able to create and delete files within the folder. I have found that if they type in the path to the file instead of using the "..." button to browse the directory tree then they can create a backup file fine. Why is the browse button not working as expected? Thanks!

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• Port Forwarding(?) TD-W8961nd

  - by rich

  I have a bit of a weird internet setup. I am connected via a decent WiFi connection (from work) which I pick up using a Buffalo Airstation Wireless-G box. This simply picks up the signal and gives me 4 ethernet ports to connect to. That's all fine and works as it should. I also have a TP LINK TD-W8961nd router which used to be connected to the Airstation via an ethernet cable so I could essentially have WiFi access in my house. To cut a long story short I can't remember how the hell I got it to work and I can't find the notes I scribbled down on how to do it. I'm pretty sure I need to tell the router what ip to pick up the internet connection from and have the local wifi as a seperate network. How the hell I do that I have no idea right now. Can anyone give me some advice on this? If you need more information ask and I will be able to do so. Cheers in advance. edit I'm in work at the moment so I can't give 100% details but I will be able to later on.

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• How to setup an IPSec / GRE tunnel on Windows Server 2008

  - by qbeuek

  I have a Windows Server 2008 that has a single network interface configured with a public IP address. My business partner has a private network. From my server, I need to access all the devices on his private network, and those devices must be able to access my server. My business partner has a standard solution for these requirements. They will setup an IPSec + GRE tunnel to my server. They told me, that I will need an additional public IP address for this to work. If it really is necessary, there is no problem, I can get an additional public IP address, although it will be assigned to the same physical network interface. I assume that on my server I will have both public IP addresses and also the private IP address from the tunnel (the same that is visible for the devices inside the private network). What alternatives do I have? Is it possible to configure this tunnel on my Windows Server 2008? Can it be done using only Windows tools, or do I need an additional free / commercial VPN software? If it cannot be done directly on Windows, can I setup an additional virtual machine running Linux, that will handle the IPSec + GRE tasks? How to do it? If it cannot be done on a virtual linux box, will I have to buy and setup a Cisco router to handle the IPSec + GRE tasks? Thanks for your opinions. I'm watching this question to clarify any issues or questions.

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• Use Mac OS X Server As Development Environment

  - by macinjosh

  I've installed Mac OS X Server 10.6.3 on my laptop to use as my normal OS. I do a lot of web development and thought it would be handy to run OS X Server so I could more easily manage my local development environment (Apache Virtual Hosts, Hostnames for each local site, etc). I'm really enjoying the new setup except for one problem. DNS. My ideal situation would be to add a site (some-site.local) in the Web Service and then go to the DNS Service and add a primary record for the new site. I actually got this working at one point but after a reboot it stopped working! The records look the same as they did before the reboot but the site doesn't come up in Safari. Here is a list of my needs: Need to be able to add new domains at a whim Domains always map to a site on the same box's Web Service Local & External IPs often change It would nice if it worked on any network (i.e. WiFi at the airport or coffee shop) Sites only need to be accessible locally Configuration should stay put even after rebooting I've done some googling and used this as a bit of guide. In the past I've used MAMP and then just a local Apache/PHP/MySQL install with a manually managed hosts file. I'd rather not go back.

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• Slow File Copy observed copying 40GB files across network to iSCSI device

  - by Rick

  Here's a curious ones for the gurus: Setup: Source Machine: Windows Server 2003 R2 machine with local hard drive. VHD file of 40GB. 1 x 1Gbps network card, Cat6 cable, switch. Target Machine: Windows Server 2008 R2 machine with iSCSI connection to iSCSI target on separate machine (1TB, RAID5). 1 x 1Gbps network card, Cat6 cable, connected to same switch as for Source Machine. Second 1Gbps network card, Cat6 cable, connected via isolated switch to the iSCSI target. Switches are Netgear JGS524 model (web managed). If I copy from the Win2003R2 machine to Win2008R2 machine local drive I get 40GB in 45 minutes, 36 seconds. If I copy from the Win2008R2 machine to the iSCSI target (local drive to iSCSI target) I get 40GB in 37 minutes 56 seconds. If I copy from the Win2003R2 machine to the iSCSI target via the Win2008R2 machine I get 40GB in 3 hours, 50 minutes, 24 seconds. All copies were done via the following command issued on the Win2008R2 box: XCOPY <source> <target> /J XCOPY /J - Copies using unbuffered I/O. Recommended for very large files. So, what's the bit I'm missing here? Why does a back-to-back copy take in total 1 hour, 23 minutes, 32 seconds when a "straight through" copy take almost 3 times as long? Switches show no errors, network hovers around the 3% utilisation mark for the duration of the copy (whereas the "back-to-back" copies are around the 25% utilisation mark). What have I missed?

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• Regular issue with keys on temp tables

  - by Christian

  We run a large forum with lots of reads and writes, particularly to the posts and topics tables which are both innodb. Last week I started doing 12 hourly backups with innobackupex because mysqldump just takes forever (7+ million rows in posts table.) It seems that something doesn't like these backups because I have a recurring problem every other day. The symptoms; The front page of the site starts throwing errors The logs start showing errors like Error: 126 - Incorrect key file for table '/tmp/mysql/#sql_4e87_14.MYI'; try to repair it The /tmp/ dir fills up and we start getting Error: 1030 - Got error 28 from storage engine in the logs. The only way to fix is to optimize table on each of the posts and topics tables. I'm trying all I can to stop MySQL using disks for temp tables, but I'd have more problems than this if it used all my memory also. My my.cnf is here; https://gist.github.com/cbiggins/0aa26f6defb7a14541d7 The box has 32GB memory and I don't come near that usually. Currently at 15GB use. Thanks in advance. Update 1: Despite the conf looking like there is replication, there isn't. This is a stand alone instance.

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• I/O Error on LG GSA-H12N DVD drive on Windows 7

  - by Ashwin

  I am facing an I/O Error when I try to burn DVD data discs on my LG GSA-H12N DVD drive on Windows 7. Note that I was able to do this same operation on the same hardware/software just a day earlier without any problems, but with Windows XP. The only change (AFAIK) has been the installation of Windows 7 to replace Windows XP on this PC. Here is the error I get when I try to burn a DVD data disc using CDBurnerXP 4.2.7.1801: Burning error occured An error occured while burning the disc. Most likely the disc is not usable. Usually these errors happen if the inserted media is not compatible to the drive or of poor quality. (devNTSPTI_IO_Error) Could not write to Disc (LBA: 52864 Length: 32). SCSI Pass-through Interface I/O Error. - 0xFF045D Note that there can be no problem with the discs since I have been using the same discs (from the same box) just before the Windows 7 installation with no problems. The only change has been Windows 7. I tried InfraRecorder v0.5 and ImgBurn v2.5 and got similar I/O errors: Note that Windows 7 lists the LG GSA-H21N drive as being compatible (see this link). I also checked the LG Drivers website and using the firware update from there updated the drive firmware from version UL01 to UL02. But, even this has not helped. The drive reads DVDs without any problem, but continues to produce coasters. Could someone help me figure out what is the problem? Thanks :)

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• Password-protected sharing allows access to users who have no account?

  - by romkyns

  Running Win7 on two computers in my LAN. Computer A has password-protected sharing enabled, and shares a folder. It has a single user account "Bob", and the Guest account is turned off. The network is workgroup-based. According to the descriptions of the "password-protected sharing" I could find, the only people who can access the shared folder via the LAN are those who know the username+password for the "Bob" account. However a second computer on the LAN is able to view this shared folder by simply browsing to Computer A. They don't need to enter any passwords or anything. The only user account registered on that PC is called "Jim", and has a different password from "Bob". How on earth is computer B able to view this shared folder? Is the popular description of the "password-protected sharing" feature inaccurate / did I misunderstand it big time? P.S. There is a possibility that the password for "Bob" has been entered on that PC once, and possibly the "remember password" box was checked. I've looked in the "Credential Manager" on both computers and there is nothing saved anywhere.

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• Why do I get a DegradedArray event with mdadm

  - by azera

  Hello Just so we're clear on what's happening: I bought 4 new sata 2 drives, with the intent of using them in a raid5 all drive are fully recognised by both my bios and my linux box (gentoo) I created a raid5 array, fiddled a bit with it to understand how it works, how to monitor ect At some point, this triggered a degradedarray event, even though the array is brand new. I tried to stopping the array and recreating a new array with the same drive but the new array starts degraded too. here is what I used to create it mdadm --create -l5 -n4 /dev/md/md0-r5 /dev/sdb /dev/sdd /dev/sde /dev/sdf here are the output from my /proc/mdstat and mdadm --detail --scan **mdstat** Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md127 : active raid5 sdf[4] sde[2] sdd[1] sdb[0] 4395415488 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_] [>....................] recovery = 2.8% (41689732/1465138496) finish=890.3min speed=26645K/sec unused devices: <none> **detail** ARRAY /dev/md/md0-r5 metadata=0.90 spares=1 UUID=453e2833:81f22a74:64188b84:66721085 As such I have a couple questions: does a raid5 array always start in degraded mode at first ? why does sdf have the number 4 between bracket instead of 3, why does it see a spare disk and why is the 4th drive marked with _ instead of U ? (bad configuration ?) How can I recreate the array from scratch, do i have to format each drive on its own before recreating it ? Thanks for any help, I'm not sure about what I should do at the moment

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• Virtualbox - differencing disk based on different differencing disk

  - by Klinki

  I'm trying to create differencing image based on differencing image in VirtualBox 4.2.18. Official documentation says it should be possible: http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch05.html#diffimages Basically I want to achieve this drive hierarchy: + immutable image with Debian and all software installed +---- differencing image with specific configuration, autoreset=off, readonly +-------- differencing image with autoreset=on +---- another differencing image for different virtual machine +-------- differencing image with autoreset=on I successfully created differencing image based on differencing image, but I'm not able to connect it to virtual machine :( It always shows error: Failed to open the hard disk .... cannot register hard disk ... because hard disk with UUID ... already exists Here is screenshot of Virtual Media Manager and error dialog Virtual Media Manager Window screenshot Very strange is that the new differencing image (tempdrive.vdi) doesn't have Actual Size 0. I wasn't able to connect it, but still, it has 36KB of data on it... This is very similar to this older question: How to create a chained differencing disk of another differencing disk in Virtual Box? but suggested solution is not working anymore in VirtualBox 4.2.18, so I posted it as a new question. (Limit for posting links and screenshots is quite annoying..)

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• how to automatically mount ~/Private using ecryptfs when logging in via ssh pubkey

  - by andreash

  Raionale: I want to be able to automatically make backups to a remote machine, which will be encrypted with ecryptfs. The title says it all: I set up ecryptfs-utils on my Debian Squeeze box, and set up one user to use it via ecryptfs-setup-private. When I log in via SSH using password authentication, the ~/Private directory automatically gets mounted. How can I achieve that ~/Private also automatically gets mounted when logging in via SSH using public key authentication? Obviously, the best solution would be if ecryptfs could somehow 'use' the SSH public key to en/decrypt the data (I know that then using the user's password would not be able to en/decrypt the data any more; this would be acceptable). Probably, this will not work. So perhaps somehow call ecryptfs-mount-private via ssh before logging in via public key? Probably, then I would need to somehow pipe the passphrase through the SSH connection, right? So I would need to store it on the source machine's file system. Not nice either. Any other ideas?

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• Rebuild Apple RAID set

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  We have a Mac Pro tower with an Apple RAID card in it using third party drives. When one drive failed, we replaced it and the RAID 5 set was nearly done rebuilding when the computer was rebooted. It did not come back up. We are now booting up off of a different internal volume, and have three (third-party) drives of identical spec (including revision and firmware) in the box. One of the drives is a global spare; the other two are recognized as belong to a RAID set but are in "Roaming" mode. The intention is to recreate the three-drive RAID set using the data on the two drives that are good. When we tell the system to create a RAID 5 using the three drives, it tells us that it'll create a RAID set but everything will be lost. There are no obvious options to rebuild a RAID using the two good drives and incorporating the third drive in Apple's RAID Utility, and we've looked through the options for the raidutil command. Fortunately, all important data is backed up, and we can rebuild from scratch, but, is there any way to make the RAIDset work again?

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