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  • Creating Two Cascading Foreign Keys Against Same Target Table/Col

    - by alram
    I have the following tables: user (userid int [pk], name varchar(50)) action (actionid int [pk], description nvarchar(50)) being referenced by another table that captures the relationship: <user1> <action>'s <user2>. I did this with the following table: userAction (userActionId int [pk], actionid int [fk: action.actionid], **userId1 int [fk ref's user.userid; on del/update cascade], userId2 int [fk ref's user.userid; on del/update cascade]**). However, when I try to save the userAction table i get an error because I have two cascading fk's against user.userid. Is there any way to remedy this or must I use a trigger?

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  • In a star schema, are foreign key constraints between facts and dimensions neccessary?

    - by Garett
    I'm getting my first exposure to data warehousing, and I’m wondering is it necessary to have foreign key constraints between facts and dimensions. Are there any major downsides for not having them? I’m currently working with a relational star schema. In traditional applications I’m used to having them, but I started to wonder if they were needed in this case. I’m currently working in a SQL Server 2005 environment.

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  • Where are the new ideas in programming languages?

    - by 0xF
    I've recently been looking into the topic of programming languages and from what I've seen, few to none serious languages try making really "new" things that were not seen before their creation. Why do all more or less successful programming languages since 1980 or so just combine aspects of their predecessors? I just can't believe that programming languages "can't get any better"..

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  • How to disable UI control based on domain object's state?

    - by Subb
    Here's my problem. I have a somewhat complex domain object, which, depending on its state, responds to certain actions. I think the state pattern is pretty much the solution for that. However, I need to display which actions are possible at any moment in the UI. Ex: The domain object is an audio player. Some songs can't be skipped (like ads), so I need to disable the "next" and "previous" buttons in the GUI so the user have some kind of feedback of which action he can execute. I've looked at Swing's Action class (note: this is not a Java project), but I think I would need to keep every Actions in my domain object class (audio player), so it can enable or disable them depending on its own state (thus, affecting the UI). Is it the way to do it?

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  • How to restrict an access to some of the functions at third level in Classes (OOPs)

    - by Shantanu Gupta
    I have created a class say A which has some functions defined as protected. Now Class B inherits A and class C inherits B. Class A has private default constructor and protected parameterized constructor. I want Class B to be able to access all the protected functions defined in Class A but class C can have access on some of the functions only not all the functions and class C is inheriting class B. How can I restrict access to some of the functions of Class A from Class C ? Class A { private A(){} protected A(int ){} } Class B : A {} CLass C:B { }

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  • friendship database schema

    - by Daniel Hertz
    I'm creating a db schema that involves users that can be friends, and I was wondering what the best way to model the ability for these friends to have friendships. Should it be its own table that simply has two columns that each represent a user? Thanks!

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  • Search for a pattern in a list of strings - Python

    - by Holtz
    I have a list of strings containing filenames such as, file_names = ['filei.txt','filej.txt','filek.txt','file2i.txt','file2j.txt','file2k.txt','file3i.txt','file3j.txt','file3k.txt'] I then remove the .txt extension using: extension = os.path.commonprefix([n[::-1] for n in file_names])[::-1] file_names_strip = [n[:-len(extension)] for n in file_names] And then return the last character of each string in the list file_names_strip: h = [n[-1:] for n in file_names_strip] Which gives h = ['i', 'j', 'k', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'i', 'j', 'k'] How can i test for a pattern of strings in h? So if i,j,k occur sequentially it would return True and False if not. I need to know this because not all file names are formatted like they are in file_names. So: test_ijk_pattern(h) = True no_pattern = ['1','2','3','1','2','3','1','2','3'] test_ijk_pattern(no_pattern) = False

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  • Modular enterprise architecture using MVC and Orchard CMS

    - by MrJD
    I'm making a large scale MVC application using Orchard. And I'm going to be separating my logic into modules. I'm also trying to heavily decouple the application for maximum extensibility and testability. I have a rudimentary understanding of IoC, Repository Pattern, Unit of Work pattern and Service Layer pattern. I've made myself a diagram. I'm wondering if it is correct and if there is anything I have missed regarding an extensible application. Note that each module is a separate project.

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  • Solid Principle examples anywhere?

    - by user231465
    We all write code with some patterns even when we dont realise it. I am trying to really understand some of the solid principles and how you apply this principles in the real world. I am struggling with the "D" my understanding on Dependency Inversion I sometimes confuse with Dependency Injection is that as long as you keep things depending on abstraction (IE:interfaces) you are done. Has anybody got a small c# sample that explains it? thanks

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  • Why use hashing to create pathnames for large collections of files?

    - by Stephen
    Hi, I noticed a number of cases where an application or database stored collections of files/blobs using a has to determine the path and filename. I believe the intended outcome is a situation where the path never gets too deep, or the folders ever get too full - too many files (or folders) in a folder making for slower access. EDIT: Examples are often Digital libraries or repositories, though the simplest example I can think of (that can be installed in about 30s) is the Zotero document/citation database. Why do this? EDIT: thanks Mat for the answer - does this technique of using a hash to create a file path have a name? Is it a pattern? I'd like to read more, but have failed to find anything in the ACM Digital Library

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  • c# multi threaded file processing

    - by user177883
    There is a folder that contains 1000 of small text files. I aim to parse and process all of them while more files are being populated in to the folder. My intention is to multithread this operation as the single threaded prototype took 6 minutes to process 1000 files. I like to have reader and writer thread(s) as following : while the reader thread(s) are reading the files, I d like to have writer thread(s) to process them. Once the reader is started reading a file, I d like to mark it as being processed, such as by renaming it, once it s read, rename it to completed. How to approach such multithreaded application ? Is it better to use a distributed hash table or a queue? Which data structure to use that would avoid locks? Would you have a better approach to this scheme that you like to share?

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  • Circular dependency with generics

    - by devoured elysium
    I have defined the following interface: public interface IStateSpace<State, Action> where State : IState where Action : IAction<State, Action> // <-- this is the line that bothers me { void SetValueAt(State state, Action action); Action GetValueAt(State state); } Basically, an IStateSpace interface should be something like a chess board, and in each position of the chess board you have a set of possible movements to do. Those movements here are called IActions. I have defined this interface this way so I can accommodate for different implementations: I can then define concrete classes that implement 2D matrix, 3D matrix, graphs, etc. public interface IAction<State, Action> { IStateSpace<State, Action> StateSpace { get; } } An IAction, would be to move up(this is, if in (2, 2) move to (2, 1)), move down, etc. Now, I'll want that each action has access to a StateSpace so it can do some checking logic. Is this implementation correct? Or is this a bad case of a circular dependence? If yes, how to accomplish "the same" in a different way? Thanks

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  • internal implementation of database Queries

    - by harigm
    In my experience I have used many queries like select, order by, where clause etc.. in mysql, sql-server, oracle etc For a moment i have thought, 1)how is this internally written to implement the above queries 2) which language do they use? 3) is that programming language? if yes which language? 4)what kind of environment required to implement this kind of complex database

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  • Direct web URL to PayPal transaction

    - by tags2k
    Having implemented PayPal's Website Payments Standard, I'd like to link to the details view of a transaction from my site's back end - just a simple direct web URL to the PayPal side. I don't know why this is tricky but when I try to get it from being logged in to the PayPal system it seems very obfuscated, in this form: history.paypal.com/uk/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_history-details&info=[looks like some kind of GUID]&ptype=4&history_cache=[huge encoded string] I'm guessing it's by design but it's not very helpful if you want a quick way to jump to a transaction's details. I've tried the https://www.paypal.com/vst/id=1234 form (also with co.uk as I am UK-based) recommended on a few sites I saw in my search, but I am told that: The transaction ID in your link is invalid. This happens even when copying the transaction ID directly from PayPal's back-end order listing. Is there a reliable way to directly link to an order / transaction details page in PayPal?

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  • Finding changes in MongoDB database

    - by Jonathan Knight
    I'm designing a MongoDB database that works with a script that periodically polls a resource and gets back a response which is stored in the database. Right now my database has one collection with four fields , id, name, timestamp and data. I need to be able to find out which names had changes in the data field between script runs, and which did not. In pseudocode, if(data[name][timestamp]==data[name][timestamp+1]) //data has not changed store data in collection 1 else //data has changed between script runs for this name store data in collection 2 Is there a query that can do this without iterating and running javascript over each item in the collection? There are millions of documents, so this would be pretty slow. Should I create a new collection named timestamp for every time the script runs? Would that make it faster/more organized? Is there a better schema that could be used? The script runs once a day so I won't run into a namespace limitation any time soon.

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  • Feature categories for a social network

    - by mafutrct
    Not sure if this question belongs on SO. Anyway, please let me try to clarify the issue. I'm currently planning a social program. It's basically a chat server with the major additional ability to play games. I'd like to create categories of features that are offered to users. My question is, are there any useful standard feature categories? Does not have to be specific to my case, I'm interested in the general case as well. Just to give you an idea of what I'm thinking: functional e.g. play games social e.g. chatting operational e.g. 24/7 service availability I'm entirely unsure if this is the right place to ask, if you know of any better site to ask please don't hesitate to add a comment.

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  • MyController class must produce class according to the enum type.

    - by programmerist
    GenoTipController must produce class according to the enum type. i have 3 class: _Company,_Muayene,_Radyoloji. Also i have CompanyView Class GetPersonel method. if you look GenoTipController my codes need refactoring. Can you understand me? i need a class according to ewnum type must me produce class. For example; case DataModelType.Radyoloji it must return radyoloji= new Radyoloji . Everything must be one switch case? public class GenoTipController { public _Company GenerateCompany(DataModelType modeltype) { _Company company = null; switch (modeltype) { case DataModelType.Radyoloji: break; case DataModelType.Satis: break; case DataModelType.Muayene: break; case DataModelType.Company: company = new Company(); break; default: break; } return company; } public _Muayene GenerateMuayene(DataModelType modeltype) { _Muayene muayene = null; switch (modeltype) { case DataModelType.Radyoloji: break; case DataModelType.Satis: break; case DataModelType.Muayene: muayene = new Muayene(); break; case DataModelType.Company: break; default: break; } return muayene; } public _Radyoloji GenerateRadyoloji(DataModelType modeltype) { _Radyoloji radyoloji = null; switch (modeltype) { case DataModelType.Radyoloji: radyoloji = new Radyoloji(); break; case DataModelType.Satis: break; case DataModelType.Muayene: break; case DataModelType.Company: break; default: break; } return radyoloji; } } public class CompanyView { public static List GetPersonel() { GenoTipController controller = new GenoTipController(); _Company company = controller.GenerateCompany(DataModelType.Company); return company.GetPersonel(); } } public enum DataModelType { Radyoloji, Satis, Muayene, Company } }

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  • jQuery's draggable grid

    - by Art
    It looks like that the 'grid' option in the constructor of Draggable is relatively bound to the original coordinates of the element being dragged - so simply put, if you have three draggable divs with their top set respectively to 100, 200, 254 pixels relative to their parent: <div class="parent-div" style="position: relative;"> <div id="div1" class="draggable" style="top: 100px; position: absolute;"></div> <div id="div2" class="draggable" style="top: 200px; position: absolute;"></div> <div id="div3" class="draggable" style="top: 254px; position: absolute;"></div> </div> Adn all of them are getting enabled for dragging with 'grid' set to [1, 100]: draggables = $('.draggable'); $.each(draggables, function(index, elem) { $(elem).draggable({ containment: $('#parent-div'), opacity: 0.7, revert: 'invalid', revertDuration: 300, grid: [1, 100], refreshPositions: true }); }); Problem here is that as soon as you drag div3, say, down, it's top is increased by 100, moving it to 354px instead of being increased by just mere 46px (254 + 46 = 300), which would get it to the next stop in the grid - 300px, if we are looking at the parent-div as a point of reference and "grid holder". I had a look at the draggable sources and it seem to be an in-built flaw - they just do all the calculations relative to the original position of the draggable element. I would like to avoid monkey-patching the code of draggable library and what I am really looking for here is the way how to make the Draggable calculate the grid positions relative to containing parent. However if monkey-patching is unavoidable, I guess I'll have to live with it. Thanks!

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  • How to make a jQuery plugin (the right way)?

    - by macek
    I know there are jQuery cookie plugins out there, but I wanted to write one for the sake of better learning the jQuery plugin pattern. I like the separation of "work" in small, manageable functions, but I feel like I'm passing name, value, and options arguments around too much. Is there a way this can be refactored? I'm looking for snippets of code to help illustrate examples provided with in answers. Any help is appreciated. Thanks :) example usage $.cookie('foo', 'bar', {expires:7}); $.cookie('foo'); //=> bar $.cookie('foo', null); $.cookie('foo'); //=> undefined Edit: I did a little bit of work on this. You can view the revision history to see where this has come from. It still feels like more refactoring can be done to optimize the flow a bit. Any ideas? the plugin (function($){ $.cookie = function(name, value, options) { if (typeof value == 'undefined') { return get(name); } else { options = $.extend({}, $.cookie.defaults, options || {}); return (value != null) ? set(name, value, options) : unset(name, options); } }; $.cookie.defaults = { expires: null, path: '/', domain: null, secure: false }; var set = function(name, value, options){ console.log(options); return document.cookie = options_string(name, value, options); }; var get = function(name){ var cookies = {}; $.map(document.cookie.split(';'), function(pair){ var c = $.trim(pair).split('='); cookies[c[0]] = c[1]; }); return decodeURIComponent(cookies[name]); }; var unset = function(name, options){ value = ''; options.expires = -1; set(name, value, options); }; var options_string = function(name, value, options){ var pairs = [param.name(name, value)]; $.each(options, function(k,v){ pairs.push(param[k](v)); }); return $.map(pairs, function(p){ return p === null ? null : p; }).join(';'); }; var param = { name: function(name, value){ return name + "=" + encodeURIComponent(value); }, expires: function(value){ // no expiry if(value === null){ return null; } // number of days else if(typeof value == "number"){ d = new Date(); d.setTime(d.getTime() + (value * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)); } // date object else if(typeof value == "object" && value instanceof "Date") { d = value; } return "expires=" + d.toUTCString(); }, path: function(value){ return "path="+value; }, domain: function(value){ return value === null ? null : "domain=" + value; }, secure: function(bool){ return bool ? "secure" : null; } }; })(jQuery);

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  • What is the best practice in regards to building composite dtos off of an aggregate root with domain

    - by Chance
    I'm trying to figure out the best approach/practice for assembling a composite data transfer object off of an aggregate root and would love to hear people's thoughts on this. For example, lets say I have a root that has a few domain objects as children. I want to assemble a specific view dto, based on some business logic, that either has attributes or full dto's of it's objects. What I'm struggling with is trying to figure out where that assembly should happen. I can see it going on the domain object of the aggregate root as there is some business logic associated with it. The benefits of this approach from what I've deduced thus far is that it should reduce the inevitable business logic from bleeding outisde of the domain object. It also allows for private methods that take care of tasks that could become more complex from an external builder. The downsides being that the domain object becomes much more entrenched in the application's workflow and represents much more than just the domain object. It also could become very large in the scenario where you need multiple composite Dtos. Alternatively, I could also see it belonging to some form of transfer object assembler where there is a builder for each domain object. The domain objects would still be responsible for GetDto() and UpdateFromDto(dto). Outside of that, the builder would handle the construction and deconstruction of composite dtos. The downside is kind of mentioned above, where I fear this will easily lead to developers unfamiliar with DDD bleeding a ton of business logic into the assembler which is what I want to desperately avoid. Any thoughts would be greatly apperciated.

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  • Learning to think in the Object Oriented Way

    - by SpikETidE
    Hi Everyone.... I am a programmer trying to learn to code in the object oriented paradigm... I mainly work with PHP and i thought of learning the zend framework... So, felt I need to learn to code in OO PHP.... The problem is, having done code using functions for quite a long time, i just can't get my head to think in the OO way.... Also felt that probably I am not the only one facing this problem since the beginning of time... So, how did you people learn object oriented programming... especially how did you succeed in "unlearning" to code using functions... and learn to see you code as objects...? Is there any good resource books or sites where one could find help...?? Thanks for sharing your knowledge and experiences...

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  • Auto increment with a Unit Of Work

    - by Derick
    Context I'm building a persistence layer to abstract different types of databases that I'll be needing. On the relational part I have mySQL, Oracle and PostgreSQL. Let's take the following simplified MySQL tables: CREATE TABLE Contact ( ID varchar(15), NAME varchar(30) ); CREATE TABLE Address ( ID varchar(15), CONTACT_ID varchar(15), NAME varchar(50) ); I use code to generate system specific alpha numeric unique ID's fitting 15 chars in this case. Thus, if I insert a Contact record with it's Addresses I have my generated Contact.ID and Address.CONTACT_IDs before committing. I've created a Unit of Work (amongst others) as per Martin Fowler's patterns to add transaction support. I'm using a key based Identity Map in the UoW to track the changed records in memory. It works like a charm for the scenario above, all pretty standard stuff so far. The question scenario comes in when I have a database that is not under my control and the ID fields are auto-increment (or in Oracle sequences). In this case I do not have the db generated Contact.ID beforehand, so when I create my Address I do not have a value for Address.CONTACT_ID. The transaction has not been started on the DB session since all is kept in the Identity Map in memory. Question: What is a good approach to address this? (Avoiding unnecessary db round trips) Some ideas: Retrieve the last ID: I can do a call to the database to retrieve the last Id like: SELECT Auto_increment FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_name='Contact'; But this is MySQL specific and probably something similar can be done for the other databases. If do this then would need to do the 1st insert, get the ID and then update the children (Address.CONTACT_IDs) – all in the current transaction context.

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  • Question about best practices and Macros from the book 'C++ Coding Standards'

    - by Victor T.
    From Herb Sutter and Andrei Alexandrescu's 'C++ Coding Standards', Item 16: Avoid Macros under Exceptions for this guideline they wrote: For conditional compilation (e.g., system-dependent parts), avoid littering your code with #ifdefs. Instead, prefer to organize code such that the use of macros drives alternative implementations of one common interface, and then use the interface throughout. I'm having trouble understanding exactly what they mean by this. How can you drive alternate implementations without the use of #ifdef conditional compile macro directives? Can someone provide an example to help illustrate what's being proposed by the above paragraph? Thanks

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  • Database localization

    - by Don
    Hi, I have a number of database tables that contain name and description columns which need to be localized. My initial attempt at designing a DB schema that would support this was something like: product ------- id name description local_product ------- id product_id local_name local_description locale_id locale ------ id locale However, this solution requires a new local_ table for every table that contains name and description columns that require localization. In an attempt to avoid this overhead I redesigned the schema so that only a single localization table is needed product ------- id localization_id localization ------- id local_name local_description locale_id locale ------ id locale Here's an example of the data which would be stored in this schema when there are 2 tables (product and country) requiring localization: country id, localization_id ----------------------- 1, 5 product id, localization_id ----------------------- 1, 2 localization id, local_name, local_description, locale_id ------------------------------------------------------ 2, apple, a delicious fruit, 2 2, pomme, un fruit délicieux, 3 2, apfel, ein köstliches Obst, 4 5, ireland, a small country, 2 5, irlande, un petite pay, 3 locale id, locale -------------- 2, en 3, fr 4, de Notice that the compound primary key of the localization table is (id, locale_id), but the foreign key in the product table only refers to the first element of this compound PK. This seems like 'a bad thing' from the POV of normalization. Is there any way I can fix this problem, or alternatively, is there a completely different schema that supports localization without creating a separate table for each localizable table? Update: A number of respondents have proposed a solution that requires creating a separate table for each localizable table. However, this is precisely what I'm trying to avoid. The schema I've proposed above almost solves the problem to my satisfaction, but I'm unhappy about the fact that the localization_id foreign keys only refer to part of the corresponding primary key in the localization table. Thanks, Don

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