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• Most awkward/misleading method in Java Base API ?

  - by JG

  I was recently trying to convert a string literal into a boolean, when the method "boolean Boolean.getBoolean(String name)" popped out of the auto-complete window. There was also another method ("boolean Boolean.parseBoolean(String s)") appearing right after, which lead me to search to find out what were the differences between these two, as they both seemed to do the same. It turns out that what Boolean.getBoolean(String name) really does is to check if there exists a System property (!) of the given name and if its value is true. I think this is very misleading, as I'm definitely not expecting that a method of Boolean is actually making a call to System.getProperty, and just by looking at the method signature, it sure looks (at least to me) like it should be used to parse a String as a boolean. Sure, the javadoc states it clearly, but I still think the method has a misleading name and is not in the right place. Other primitive type wrappers, such as Integer also have a similar method. Also, it doesn't seem to be a very useful method to belong in the base API, as I think it's not very common to have something like -Darg=true. Maybe it's a good question for a Java position interview: "What is the output of Boolean.getBoolean("true")?". I believe a more appropriate place for those methods would be in the System class, e.g., getPropertyAsBoolean; but again, I still think it's unnecessary to have these methods in the base API. It'd make sense to have these in something like the Properties class, where it's very common to do this kind of type conversions. What do you think of all this ? Also, if there's another "awkward" method that you're aware of, please post it. N.B. I know I can use Boolean.valueOf or Boolean.parseBoolean to convert a string literal into a boolean, but I'm just looking to discuss the API design.

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• gwt seperate modules with no code sharing

  - by Code freak

  Hi, I have to make a web application using GWT. The project has a core module that'll expose a set of apis to be used by other apps; each of these app are unrelated. Each shall be loaded in a separate iframe. My idea was to compile core into core.js and each app shall have its own app1.js app2.js and so on... App1 script type="text/javascript" src="core.js" ></script> script type="text/javascript" src="app1.js" ></script> with this design, due to browser caching, each app laod only the app.js which should be smaller ~20kb in size. Making a core module is straightforward but the apps are problematic. The reason being after compilation, each app contains the entire GWT library - this substantially increases the download size of the complete webapp. Can anyone suggest a way to get aroung this problem ? I've checked similar questions on SO, but failed to find a simple working answer fr the problem. Thanks for any help.

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• String literal recognition problem

  - by helicera

  Hello! I'm trying to recognize string literal by reading string per symbol. Here is a sample code: #region [String Literal (")] case '"': // {string literal ""} { // skipping '"' ChCurrent = Line.ElementAtOrDefault<Char>(++ChPosition); while(ChCurrent != '"') { Value.Append(ChCurrent); ChCurrent = Line.ElementAtOrDefault<Char>(++ChPosition); if(ChCurrent == '"') { // "" sequence only acceptable if(Line.ElementAtOrDefault<Char>(ChPosition + 1) == '"') { Value.Append(ChCurrent); // skip 2nd double quote ChPosition++; // move position next ChCurrent = Line.ElementAtOrDefault<Char>(++ChPosition); } } else if(default(Char) == ChCurrent) { // message: unterminated string throw new ScanningException(); } } ChPosition++; break; } #endregion When I run test: [Test] [ExpectedException(typeof(ScanningException))] public void ScanDoubleQuotedStrings() { this.Scanner.Run(@"""Hello Language Design""", default(System.Int32)); this.Scanner.Run(@"""Is there any problems with the """"strings""""?""", default(System.Int32)); this.Scanner.Run(@"""v#:';?325;.<>,|+_)""(*&^%$#@![]{}\|-_=""", default(System.Int32)); while(0 != this.Scanner.TokensCount - 1) { Assert.AreEqual(Token.TokenClass.StringLiteral, this.Scanner.NextToken.Class); } } It passes with success.. while I'm expecting to have an exception according to unmatched " mark in this.Scanner.Run(@"""v#:';?325;.<>,|+_)""(*&^%$#@![]{}\|-_=""", default(System.Int32)); Can anyone explain where is my mistake or give an advice on algorithm.

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• PyGTK: Manually render an existing widget at a given Rectangle? (TextView in a custom CellRenderer)

  - by NicDumZ

  Hello! I am trying to draw a TextView into the cell of a TreeView. (Why? I would like to have custom tags on text, so they can be clickable and trigger different actions/popup menus depending on where user clicks). I have been trying to write a customized CellRenderer for this purpose, but so far I failed because I find it extremely difficult to find generic documentation on rendering design in gtk. More than an answer at the specific question (that might be hard/not doable, and I'm not expecting you to do everything for me), I am first looking for documentation on how a widget is rendered, to understand how one is supposed to implement a CellRenderer. Can you share any link that explains, either for gtk or for pygtk, the rendering mechanism? More specifically: size allocation mechanism (should I say protocol?). I understand that a window has a defined size, and then queries its children, saying "my size is w x h, what would be your ideal size, buddy?", and then sometimes shrinks children when all children cant fit together at their ideal sizes. Any specific documentation on that, and on particular on when this happens during rendering? How are rendered "builtin" widgets? What kind of methods do they call on Widget base class? On the parent Window? When? Do they use pango.Layout? can you manually draw a TextView onto a pango.Layout object? This link gives an interesting example showing how you can draw content in a pango.Layout object and use it in a CellRenderer. I guess that I could adapt it if only I understood how TextView widget are rendered. Or perhaps, to put it more simply: given an existing widget instance, how does one render it at a specific gdk.Rectangle? Thanks a lot.

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• Should frontend and backend be handled by different controllers?

  - by DR

  In my previous learning projects I always used a single controller, but now I wonder if that is good practice or even always possible. In all RESTful Rails tutorials the controllers have a show, an edit and an index view. If an authorized user is logged on, the edit view becomes available and the index view shows additional data manipulation controls, like a delete button or a link to the edit view. Now I have a Rails application which falls exactly into this pattern, but the index view is not reusable: The normal user sees a flashy index page with lots of pictures, complex layout, no Javascript requirement, ... The Admin user index has a completly different minimalistic design, jQuery table and lots of additional data, ... Now I'm not sure how to handle this case. I can think of the following: Single controller, single view: The view is split into two large blocks/partials using an if statement. Single controller, two views: index and index_admin. Two different controllers: BookController and BookAdminController None of these solutions seems perfect, but for now I'm inclined to use the 3rd option. What's the preferred way to do this?

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• Need an advice for unit testing using mock object

  - by Andree

  Hi there, I just recently read about "Mocking objects" for unit testing and currently I'm having a difficulties implementing this approach in my application. Please let me explain my problem. I have a User model class, which is dependent on 2 data sources (database and facebook web service). The controller class simply use this User model as an interface to access data and it doesn't care about where the data came from. Currently I never done any unit test to this User model because it is dependent on an external web service. But just a while ago, I read about object mocking and now I know that it is a common approach to unit test a class that depends on external resources (like in my case). Now I want to create a unit test for the User model, but then I encountered a design issue: In order for the User model to use a mocked Facebook SDK, I have to inject this mocked Facebook SDK to the User object (probably using a setter). Therefore I can't construct the Facebook SDK inside the User object. I have to construct it outside the User object, and inject the SDK into the User object. The real client of my User model is the application's controller. Therefore I have to construct the Facebook SDK inside the controller and inject it to the user object. Well, this is a problem because I want my controller to be as clean as possible. I want my controller to be ignorant about the application's data source. I'm not good at explaining something systematically, so you'll probably sleeping before reading this last paragraph. But anyway, I want to ask if anyone here ever encountered the same problem as mine? How do you solve this problem? Regards, Andree

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• CALayer Border is appearing above subview (Z-order related, I think)

  - by kurisukun

  I have searched but could not find the reason for this behavior. I have a UIButton whose image I am setting. Here is how the button should appear. Note that this is just a photoshop of the intended button design: Essentially, it is a square custom UIButton with a white border and a little surrounding shadow. In the upper right corner, there is a "X" mark, that will be added programmatically as a subview. Here is the screenshot of the button within the actual app. At this point, I have only added a shadow and the X mark as a subview: How, when I try to add the white border, here is what it looks like: It seems that the white border is appearing above the X mark sublayer. I don't know why. Here is the code that I am using: // selectedPhotoButton is the UIButton with UIImage set earlier // At this point, I am adding in the shadow [selectedPhotoButton layer] setShadowColor:[[UIColor lightGrayColor] CGColor]]; [[selectedPhotoButton layer] setShadowOffset: CGSizeMake(1.0f, 1.0f)]; [[selectedPhotoButton layer] setShadowRadius:0.5f]; [[selectedPhotoButton layer] setShadowOpacity:1.0f]; // Now add the white border [[selectedPhotoButton layer] setBorderColor:[[UIColor whiteColor] CGColor]]; [[selectedPhotoButton layer] setBorderWidth:2.0]; // Now add the X mark subview UIImage *deleteImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"nocheck_photo.png"]; UIImageView *deleteMark = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(53, -5, 27, 27)]; deleteMark.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFit; [deleteMark setImage:deleteImage]; [selectedPhotoButton addSubview:deleteMark]; [deleteMark release]; I don't understand why the border is appearing above the deleteMark subview. Is there any way to get the intended effect? Thank you!

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• Efficient database access when dealing with multiple abstracted repositories

  - by Nathan Ridley

  I want to know how most people are dealing with the repository pattern when it involves hitting the same database multiple times (sometimes transactionally) and trying to do so efficiently while maintaining database agnosticism and using multiple repositories together. Let's say we have repositories for three different entities; Widget, Thing and Whatsit. Each repository is abstracted via a base interface as per normal decoupling design processes. The base interfaces would then be IWidgetRepository, IThingRepository and IWhatsitRepository. Now we have our business layer or equivalent (whatever you want to call it). In this layer we have classes that access the various repositories. Often the methods in these classes need to do batch/combined operations where multiple repositories are involved. Sometimes one method may make use of another method internally, while that method can still be called independently. What about, in this scenario, when the operation needs to be transactional? Example: class Bob { private IWidgetRepository _widgetRepo; private IThingRepository _thingRepo; private IWhatsitRepository _whatsitRepo; public Bob(IWidgetRepository widgetRepo, IThingRepository thingRepo, IWhatsitRepository whatsitRepo) { _widgetRepo = widgetRepo; _thingRepo= thingRepo; _whatsitRepo= whatsitRepo; } public void DoStuff() { _widgetRepo.StoreSomeStuff(); _thingRepo.ReadSomeStuff(); _whatsitRepo.SaveSomething(); } public void DoOtherThing() { _widgetRepo.UpdateSomething(); DoStuff(); } } How do I keep my access to that database efficient and not have a constant stream of open-close-open-close on connections and inadvertent invocation of MSDTS and whatnot? If my database is something like SQLite, standard mechanisms like creating nested transactions are going to inherently fail, yet the business layer should not have to be concerning itself with such things. How do you handle such issues? Does ADO.Net provide simple mechanisms to handle this or do most people end up wrapping their own custom bits of code around ADO.Net to solve these types of problems?

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• Does Microsoft Access use the PK fields for anything?

  - by chrismay

  Ok this is going to sound strange, but I have inherited an app that is an Access front end with a SQL Server backend. I am in the process of writing a new front end for it, but... we need to continue using the access front end for a while even after we deploy my new front end for reasons I won't go into. So both the existing Access app and my new app will need to be able to access and work with the data. The problem is the database design is a nightmare. For example some simple parent-child table relationships have like 4 and 5 part composite primary keys. I would REALLY like to remove these PKs and replace them with unique constraints or whatever, and add a new column to each of these tables called ID that is just an identity. If I change the PK and FKs on these tables to more managable fields, will the Access app have problems? What I mean is, does access use the meta data from the tables (PK and FK info) in such a way that it would break the app to change these?

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• Please help with IFrame callback

  - by Code Sherpa

  Hi - thanks for clicking. I am trying to get status feedback using an IFrame for file uploads. I am not trying to get progress or percentages - just when a file is done uploading and if it was a success or failure. THE PROBLEM is that I can't seem to get the server response to appear on the client. I have to following design: I have an iframe on my page: <iframe id="target_frame" src="" style="border:0px; width:0px; height:0px"></iframe> The form tag points to it: <form enctype="multipart/form-data" id="fileUploadForm" name="fileUploadForm" action="picupload.aspx" method="post" target="target_frame"> And the submit button starts a file upload via the iframe: <input id="submit" type="submit" value="upload" /> In the picupload.aspx.cs file, I have a method that returns dynamic data. I then send it to the client: message = data; Response.Write(String.Format("<script language='javascript' type='text/javascript'>window.parent.handleResponse('{0}');</script>", message)); On the client, I have a response handler: function handleResponse(msg) { document.getElementById('statusDiv').innerHTML = msg; } My intent is to see the msg value change for each uploaded file but I never see anything appear in statusDiv, let alone dynamically changing messages. Can somebody please help??

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• How to achieve interaction between GUI class with logic class

  - by volting

  Im new to GUI programming, and haven't done much OOP. Im working on a basic calculator app to help me learn GUI design and to brush up on OOP. I understand that anything GUI related should be kept seperate from the logic, but Im unsure how to implement interaction between logic an GUI classes when needed i.e. basically passing variables back and forth... Im using TKinter and when I pass a tkinter variable to my logic it only seems to hold the string PY_VAR0. def on_equal_btn_click(self): self.entryVariable.set(self.entryVariable.get() + "=") calculator = Calc(self.entryVariable) self.entryVariable.set(calculator.calculate()) Im sure that im probably doing something fundamentally wrong and probabaly really stupid, I spent a considerable amount of time experimenting (and searching for answers online) but Im getting no where. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks, V The Full Program (well just enough to show the structure..) import Tkinter class Gui(Tkinter.Tk): def __init__(self,parent): Tkinter.Tk.__init__(self,parent) self.parent = parent self.initialize() def initialize(self): self.grid() self.create_widgets() """ grid config """ #self.grid_columnconfigure(0,weight=1,pad=0) self.resizable(False, False) def create_widgets(self): """row 0 of grid""" """Create Text Entry Box""" self.entryVariable = Tkinter.StringVar() self.entry = Tkinter.Entry(self,width=30,textvariable=self.entryVariable) self.entry.grid(column=0,row=0, columnspan = 3 ) self.entry.bind("<Return>", self.on_press_enter) """create equal button""" equal_btn = Tkinter.Button(self,text="=",width=4,command=self.on_equal_btn_click) equal_btn.grid(column=3, row=0) """row 1 of grid""" """create number 1 button""" number1_btn = Tkinter.Button(self,text="1",width=8,command=self.on_number1_btn_click) number1_btn.grid(column=0, row=1) . . . def on_equal_btn_click(self): self.entryVariable.set(self.entryVariable.get() + "=") calculator = Calc(self.entryVariable) self.entryVariable.set(calculator.calculate()) class Calc(): def __init__(self, equation): self.equation = equation def calculate(self): #TODO: parse string and calculate... return self.equation if __name__ == "__main__": app = Gui(None) app.title('Calculator') app.mainloop()

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• What are the original reasons for ToString() in Java and .NET?

  - by d.

  I've used ToString() modestly in the past and I've found it very useful in many circumstances. However, my usage of this method would hardly justify to put this method in none other than System.Object. My wild guess is that, at some point during the work carried out and meetings held to come up with the initial design of the .NET framework, it was decided that it was necessary - or at least extremely useful - to include a ToString() method that would be implemented by everything in the .NET framework. Does anyone know what the exact reasons were? Am I missing a ton of situations where ToString() proves useful enough as to be part of System.Object? What were the original reasons for ToString()? Thanks a lot! PS - Again: I'm not questioning the method or implying that it's not useful, I'm just curious to know what makes it SO useful as to be placed in System.Object. Side note - Imagine this: AnyDotNetNativeClass someInitialObject = new AnyDotNetNativeClass([some constructor parameters]); AnyDotNetNativeClass initialObjectFullCopy = AnyDotNetNativeClass.FromString(someInitialObject.ToString()); Wouldn't this be cool? EDIT(1): (A) - Based on some answers, it seems that .NET languages inherited this from Java. So, I'm adding "Java" to the subject and to the tags as well. If someone knows the reasons why this was implemented in Java then please shed some light! (B) - Static hypothetical FromString vs Serialization: sure, but that's quite a different story, right?

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• Inversion of control domain objects construction problem

  - by Andrey

  Hello! As I understand IoC-container is helpful in creation of application-level objects like services and factories. But domain-level objects should be created manually. Spring's manual tells us: "Typically one does not configure fine-grained domain objects in the container, because it is usually the responsibility of DAOs and business logic to create/load domain objects." Well. But what if my domain "fine-grained" object depends on some application-level object. For example I have an UserViewer(User user, UserConstants constants) class. There user is domain object which cannot be injected, but UserViewer also needs UserConstants which is high-level object injected by IoC-container. I want to inject UserConstants from the IoC-container, but I also need a transient runtime parameter User here. What is wrong with the design? Thanks in advance! UPDATE It seems I was not precise enough with my question. What I really need is an example how to do this: create instance of class UserViewer(User user, UserService service), where user is passed as the parameter and service is injected from IoC. If I inject UserViewer viewer then how do I pass user to it? If I create UserViewer viewer manually then how do I pass service to it?

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• Creating Settings form using TreeView in C#

  - by Kiran Chandrashekhar

  I am developing the settings form for the software developed in C#. I was looking at how different software have implemented their settings form. In most of the cases that I came across, they seem to be using Treeview on the left pane of the form and configuration settings on the right pane. Ref URL : http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nMfQoLurxwM/UDXfiZKd4DI/AAAAAAAAAME/IRf6kmxay4w/s1600/bild1.jpg I was wondering, how the different controls are designed/displayed on the right pane. Do they hide all the controls depending which node is selected in the TreeView something like this : if (treeView1.SelectedNode == treeView1.Nodes[0]) { this.groupBox1.Visible = true; this.button1.Visible = true; this.textBox1.Visible = true; this.textBox2.Visible = true; this.label1.Visible = true; this.label2.Visible = true; this.label3.Visible = true; } else { this.groupBox1.Visible = false; this.button1.Visible = false; this.textBox1.Visible = false; this.textBox2.Visible = false; this.label1.Visible = false; this.label2.Visible = false; this.label3.Visible = false; this.groupBox2.Visible = true; this.button2.Visible = true; this.textBox3.Visible = true; this.textBox3.Visible = true; this.labe4.Visible = true; this.label5.Visible = true; this.label6.Visible = true; // bool success = selectColor(); } Is my understanding correct ? Or do we have a better design approach for creating a settings form. Thanks

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• Can I write a .NETCF Partial Class to extend System.Windows.Forms.UserControl?

  - by eidylon

  Okay... I'm writing a .NET CF (VBNET 2008 3.5 SP1) application, which has one master form, and it dynamically loads specific UserControls based on menu click, in a sort of framework idea. There are certain methods and properties these controls all need to work within the app. Right now I am doing this as an Interface, but this is aggravating as all get up, because some of the methods are optional, and yet I MUST implement them by the nature of interfaces. I would prefer to use inheritance, so that I can have certain code be inherited with overridability, but if I write a class which inherits System.Windows.Forms.UserControl and then inherit my control from that, it squiggles, and tells me that UserControls MUST inherit directly from System.Windows.Forms.UserControl. (Talk about a design flaw!) So next I thought, well, let me use a partial class to extend System.Windows.Forms.UserControl, but when I do that, even though it all seems to compile fine, none of my new properties/methods show up on my controls. Is there any way I can use partial classes to 'extend' System.Windows.Forms.UserControl? For example, can anyone give me a code sample of a partial class which simply adds a MyCount As Integer readonly property to the System.Windows.Forms.UserControl class? If I can just see how to get this going, I can take it from there and add the rest of my functionality. Thanks in advance! I've been searching google, but can't find anything that seems to work for UserControl extension on .NET CF. And the Interface method is driving me crazy as even a small change means updating ALL the controls whether they need to 'override' the method or not.

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• C++ Storing variables and inheritance

  - by Kaa

  Hello Everyone, Here is my situation: I have an event driven system, where all my handlers are derived from IHandler class, and implement an onEvent(const Event &event) method. Now, Event is a base class for all events and contains only the enumerated event type. All actual events are derived from it, including the EventKey event, which has 2 fields: (uchar) keyCode and (bool)isDown. Here's the interesting part: I generate an EventKey event using the following syntax: Event evt = EventKey(15, true); and I ship it to the handlers: EventDispatch::sendEvent(evt); // void EventDispatch::sendEvent(const Event &event); (EventDispatch contains a linked list of IHandlers and calls their onEvent(const Event &event) method with the parameter containing the sent event. Now the actual question: Say I want my handlers to poll the events in a queue of type Event, how do I do that? x Dynamic pointers with reference counting sound like too big of a solution. x Making copies is more difficult than it sounds, since I'm only receiving a reference to a base type, therefore each time I would need to check the type of event, upcast to EventKey and then make a copy to store in a queue. Sounds like the only solution - but is unpleasant since I would need to know every single type of event and would have to check that for every event received - sounds like a bad plan. x I could allocate the events dynamically and then send around pointers to those events, enqueue them in the array if wanted - but other than having reference counting - how would I be able to keep track of that memory? Do you know any way to implement a very light reference counter that wouldn't interfere with the user? What do you think would be a good solution to this design? I thank everyone in advance for your time. Sincerely, Kaa

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• Eclipse BIRT - Unnecessary inline style with external CSS when rendering HTML

  - by Etienne

  Hello! I am designing a report using external CSS with BIRT 2.5. When BIRT renders the html report, it creates copies of each external style to inline styles (name style_x) in the resulting html. The report.design contains: <list-property name="cssStyleSheets"> <structure> <property name="fileName">… mycss.css</property> <property name="externalCssURI"> http://.../mycss.css </property> </structure> </list-property> The resulting html contains: <style type="text/css"> .style_0 {…} .style_1 {…} …. </style> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://.../mycss.css"></link> For each reference of my styles, the rendered html elements use both styles usually like this: <div class="style_x myclass" …. > …. </div> Is there any way to get rid of the useless inline styles when rendering html?

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• Tips for submitting a library to Boost?

  - by AraK

  Hi everyone, Summer is coming, and a group of friends and I are getting ready for it :) We decided to build a compile-time Arbitrary precision Unsigned Integers. We would like to provide a set of integers algorithms(functions) with the library. We have seen a number of requests for such a library(SoC2010, C++0x Standard Library wishlist). Also, a regular run-time bigint is requested usually with that, but we don't want to go into the hassle of memory management. The idea came to me from a library called TTMath, unfortunately this library works only on specific platforms because Assembly was used extensively in the library. We would like to write a standard library, depending on the C++ standard library and Boost. Also, we would like to use the available C++0x facilities in current compilers like user-defined literals and others. This would technically make the library non-standard for a while, but we think that it is a matter of time the new standards will be official. Your hints on the whole process including design, implementation, documentation, maintainable of the library are more than welcom. We are a group of students and fresh graduates who are looking for something interesting in the summer, but we see that Boost is full of gurus and we don't want to forget something too obvious. We are communicating on-line, so there is no shared white-boards :( Thanks,

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• Imlpementations of an Interface with Different Types?

  - by b3njamin

  Searched as best I could but unfortunately I've learned nothing relevant; basically I'm trying to work around the following problem in C#... For example, I have three possible references (refA, refB, refC) and I need to load the correct one depending on a configuration option. So far however I can't see a way of doing it that doesn't require me to use the name of said referenced object all through the code (the referenced objects are provided, I can't change them). Hope the following code makes more sense: public ??? LoadedClass; public Init() { /* load the object, according to which version we need... */ if (Config.Version == "refA") { Namespace.refA LoadedClass = new refA(); } else if (Config.Version == "refB") { Namespace.refB LoadedClass = new refB(); } else if (Config.Version == "refC") { Namespace.refC LoadedClass = new refC(); } Run(); } private void Run(){ { LoadedClass.SomeProperty... LoadedClass.SomeMethod(){ etc... } } As you can see, I need the Loaded class to be public, so in my limited way I'm trying to change the type 'dynamically' as I load in which real class I want. Each of refA, refB and refC will implement the same properties and methods but with different names. Again, this is what I'm working with, not by my design. All that said, I tried to get my head around Interfaces (which sound like they're what I'm after) but I'm looking at them and seeing strict types - which makes sense to me, even if it's not useful to me. Any and all ideas and opinions are welcome and I'll clarify anything if necessary. Excuse any silly mistakes I've made in the terminology, I'm learning all this for the first time. I'm really enjoying working with an OOP language so far though - coming from PHP this stuff is blowing my mind :-)

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• casting vs using the 'as' keyword in the CLR

  - by Frank V

  I'm learning about design patterns and because of that I've ended using a lot of interfaces. One of my "goals" is to program to an interface, not an implementation. What I've found is that I'm doing a lot of casting or object type conversion. What I'd like to know is if there is a difference between these two methods of conversion: public interface IMyInterface { void AMethod(); } public class MyClass : IMyInterface { public void AMethod() { //Do work } // other helper methods.... } public class Implementation { IMyInterface _MyObj; MyClass _myCls1; MyClass _myCls2; public Implementation() { _MyObj = new MyClass(); // What is the difference here: _myCls1 = (MyClass)_MyObj; _myCls2 = (_MyObj as MyClass); } } If there is a difference, is there a cost difference or how does this affect my program? Hopefully this makes sense. Sorry for the bad example; it is all I could think of... Update: What is "in general" the preferred method? (I had a question similar to this posted in the 'answers'. I moved it up here at the suggestion of Michael Haren. Also, I want to thank everyone who's provided insight and perspective on my question.

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• winUserControl in VS2010 - properties are not visible in designer

  - by mj82

  I have a problem with (I suppose) my Visual Studio 2010 Express environment: when I design my own UserControl, in Properties grid I can't see public properties of that control. They are however visible in the project, that reference this control. As it's Express Edition, I create new empty project, then add new UserControl to it. Then, for a test, I put following code: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Drawing; using System.Data; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace Project1 { public partial class UserControl1 : UserControl { private int myNumber; [Browsable(true)] public int MyNumber { get { return myNumber; } set { myNumber = value; } } public UserControl1() { InitializeComponent(); } } } In VS 2008, as I remember, that should be enogh to show MyNumber property in Properties grid, even without [Browsable(true)] attribute. In VS 2010 however, when I double click UserControl1.cs in Solution Explorer and look in Properties, I don't see MyNumber. When I reference and use this control in another project, there is an access to it's properties. I've tried to competly reinstall VS 2010 environment, including SP1, but with no success. Do you have any idea what can be wrong? By the way: none of these attributes are working, either: [Browsable(true)] [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Always)] [DesignerSerializationVisibility(DesignerSerializationVisibility.Content)] [Bindable(true)] Best regards, Marcin

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• Modify columns in a data frame in R more cleanly - maybe using with() or apply()?

  - by Mittenchops

  I understand the answer in R to repetitive things is usually "apply()" rather than loop. Is there a better R-design pattern for a nasty bit of code I create frequently? So, pulling tabular data from HTML, I usually need to change the data type, and end up running something like this, to convert the first column to date format (from decimal), and columns 2-4 from character strings with comma thousand separators like "2,400,000" to numeric "2400000." X[,1] <- decYY2YY(as.numeric(X[,1])) X[,2] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "", X[,2])) X[,3] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "", X[,3])) X[,4] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "", X[,4])) I don't like that I have X[,number] repeated on both the left and ride sides here, or that I have basically the same statement repeated for 2-4. Is there a very R-style way of making X[,2] less repetitive but still loop-free? Something that sort of says "apply this to columns 2,3,4---a function that reassigns the current column to a modified version in place?" I don't want to create a whole, repeatable cleaning function, really, just a quick anonymous function that does this with less repetition.

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• How to get around LazyInitializationException in scheduled jobs?

  - by Shreerang

  I am working on a J2EE server application which is deployed on Tomcat. I use Spring source as MVC framework and Hibernate as ORM provider. My object model has lot of Lazy relationships (dependent objects are fetched on request). The high level design is like Service level methods call a few DAO methods to perform database operation. The service method is called either from the Flex UI or as a scheduled job. When it is called from Flex UI, the service method works fine i.e. it fetches some objects using DAO methods and even Lazy loading works. This is possible by the use of OpenSessionInViewFilter configured with the UI servlet. But when the same service method is called as scheduled Job, it gives LazyInitializationException. I can not configure OpenSessionInViewFilter because there is no servlet or UI request associated with that. I tried configuring Transaction around the scheduled job method so that service method starts a transaction and all the DAO methods participate in that same transaction, hoping that the transaction will remain active and hibernate session will be available. But it does not work. Please suggest if anyone has ever been able to get such a configuration working. If needed, I can post the Hibernate configuration and log messages. Thanks a lot for help! Shreerang

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• Learning PHP - start out using a framework or no?

  - by Kevin Torrent

  I've noticed a lot of jobs in my area for PHP. I've never used PHP before, and figure if I can get more opportunities if I pick it up then it might be a good idea. The problem is that PHP without any framework is ugly and 99% of the time really bad code. All the tutorials and books I've seen are really lousy - it never shows any kind of good programming practice but always the quick and dirty kind of way of doing things. I'm afraid that trying to learn PHP this way will just imprint these bad practices in my head and make me waste time later trying to unlearn them. I've used C# in the past so I'm familiar with OOP and software design patterns and similar. Should I be trying to learn PHP by using one of the better known frameworks for it? I've looked at CakePHP, Symfony and the Zend Framework so far; Zend seems to be the most flexible without being too constraining like Cake and Symfony (although Symfony seemed less constraining than CakePHP which is trying too hard to be Ruby on Rails), but many tutorials for Zend I've seen assume you already know PHP and want to learn to use the framework. What would be my best opportunity for learning PHP, but learning GOOD PHP that uses real software engineering techniques instead of spaghetti code? It seems all the PHP books and resources either assume you are just using raw PHP and therefore showcase bade practices, or that you already know PHP and therefore don't even touch on parts of the language.

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• UI - How I can make users effectively read what my program says?

  - by Magnetic_dud

  I have a simple form that searches through the 2000+ issues of a 3rd party webcomic. (Easy, it's like xkcd: http://url/number That form is as easy as possible, is like this: What number do you want? User writes a number, clicks ok, and goes on the 3rd party website on a new tab Then, my form asks a question: "Did you find that issue memorable? Enter the name here, and we will add it to the "best issues" in home page" When the user will write the name of the issue, it is added to the database (pending moderation by me) So, I supposed this design is the easiest and convenient that users can find. Unfortunately, NONE of the users (maybe a 2% behaved correctly) will actually read what I asked. Some of the issues are offline, and gives a 404. On that issues users will write in the textbox a completely wrong title, and correctly capitalized! It's like if i would name http://xkcd.com/627/ as "The Great Adventures of Jack Smith" Users are from around all over the country, with different browsers, and have a different cookie. I cannot believe that my users will not read what I ask, it is a WHITE PAGE with a button that disappears when clicked and a textbox.... easier than that??? Maybe i should put a checkbox with "I acknowledge that this form is for submitting memorable issues, not for fun"? Oh, who will read that? Or maybe i could enable the textbox only if the user has effectively clicked the link?

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