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  • Motherboard RAM question.

    - by winterwindz
    Firstly I'm new at this. Not a very computer-ish person. So I very much apologize if this is not the right place, but here it goes.. My Motherboard is an Asus P5LD2-SE. I'm running in Win 7 Ultimate 32-bit(x86) OS, 1GB RAM (2x512 MB). I'm planning to upgrade my OS to 64-bit and because I know my Motherboard is a dual-channel, I bought a dual-channel 2 GB RAM (2 pcs). My question is; am I still able use my old RAM ones, since it is 4 slots..? Which in the end will show 5GB. Is it possible? Thank you for your time. =)

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  • DNS and name server in centos 6.3 64 bit is not pinged out side

    - by user135855
    I got a problem with centOS 6.3 64-bit. I want to setup my nameserver with bind here. I am listing all my configuration [root@izyon92 ~]# cat/etc/hosts -------------- 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 182.19.26.92 izyon92.zyonize1.com izyon92 [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network --------------------------------------------- NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=izyon92.zyonize1.com GATEWAY=182.19.26.89 [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf -------------------------------------------- # Generated by NetworkManager search zyonize1.com nameserver 182.19.26.92 [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/named.conf -------------------------------------------- // // named.conf // // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only). // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // options { #listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { none; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { 182.19.26.92; }; recursion yes; dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; include "/etc/named.root.key"; [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /etc/named.rfc1912.zones -------------------------------------------------- // named.rfc1912.zones: // // Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package // // ISC BIND named zone configuration for zones recommended by // RFC 1912 section 4.1 : localhost TLDs and address zones // and http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsop-default-local-zones-02.txt // (c)2007 R W Franks // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // zone "localhost.localdomain" IN { type master; file "named.localhost"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "localhost" IN { type master; file "named.localhost"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.loopback"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.loopback"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.empty"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "zyonize1.com" { type master; file "/var/named/zyonize.com.hosts"; }; [root@izyon92 ~]# cat /var/named/zyonize.com.hosts --------------------------------------------------------- $ttl 38400 zyonize1.com. IN SOA 182.19.26.92. dev\.izyon.gmail.com. ( 1347436958 10800 3600 604800 38400 ) zyonize1.com. IN NS 182.19.26.92. zyonize1.com. IN A 182.19.26.92 www.zyonize1.com. IN A 182.19.26.92 izyon92.zyonize1.com. IN A 182.19.26.92 I have disabled selinux and stopped iptables. dig and nslookup is working fine in the same machine [root@izyon92 ~]# dig zyonize1.com ---------------------------------------- ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.2 <<>> zyonize1.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55751 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;zyonize1.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: zyonize1.com. 38400 IN A 182.19.26.92 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: zyonize1.com. 38400 IN NS 182.19.26.92. ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 182.19.26.92#53(182.19.26.92) ;; WHEN: Fri Sep 14 00:09:19 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 72 [root@izyon92 ~]# nslookup zyonize1.com ---------------------------------------------- Server: 182.19.26.92 Address: 182.19.26.92#53 Name: zyonize1.com Address: 182.19.26.92 But here is the problem I am facing, I have windows machine, to test this dns and nameserver I set the first IPv4 DNS server to 182.19.26.92. Here is the details Connection-specific DNS Suffix: Description: Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller Physical Address: ?14-FE-B5-9F-3A-A8 DHCP Enabled: No IPv4 Address: 192.168.2.50 IPv4 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 IPv4 Default Gateway: 192.168.2.1 IPv4 DNS Servers: 182.19.26.92, 182.19.95.66 IPv4 WINS Server: NetBIOS over Tcpip Enabled: Yes Link-local IPv6 Address: fe80::45cc:2ada:c13:ca42%16 IPv6 Default Gateway: IPv6 DNS Server: when I am pining from this machine it is not finding the server. Where as in another server with another live IP with Fedora ping is working fine.

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  • Half of installed RAM is hardware reserved

    - by user968270
    After a rather arduous and convoluted series of problems that left me without a desktop for ~80 days, I've finally got the thing up and running, having replaced the power supply, motherboard, graphics card and CPU. Now, however, I'm experiencing the 'hardware reserved RAM' issue. Perhaps this is the exhaustion talking, but looking at the question that tends to get pointed to when this kind of topic gets locked as a duplicate hasn't helped. I have 16 GB of RAM installed in an MSi 970A-G46, which is spec'd for up to 32 GB of RAM. The BIOS recognizes that I have 16 GB installed, and the resource monitor also shows the whole 16 GB, only it shows 8 GB as hardware reserved. I've seen suggestions that it's an OS issue, but the particular installation of Windows 7 (64-bit) which I'm running on my boot drive is the same as the one that could actually access the 16 GB in my previous motherboard (MSi 870A-G54). I've updated my BIOS using the MSi Live Update tool and restarted the machine with no effect, and I cannot seem to locate any 'Memory Remapping' option as I've seen mentioned. I've physically swapped the RAM between the slots to no effect. I've unchecked the Maximum Memory box in the msconfig Boot tab's advanced options, also to no effect. These are my system's basic specifications OS: Windows 7 Home Premium (64-Bit) Motherboard: MSi 970A-G46 CPU: AMD FX-8150 Graphics Card: XFX Radeon HD 6870 Boot Drive: OCZ Agility 3 Storage Drive: Samsung Spinpoint F3 ST1000DM005/HD103SJ 1TB PSU: Thermaltake TR-2 TR600 600W ATX12V v2.3

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  • debugging scaffolding contingent upon degbugging boolean (java)

    - by David
    Recently i've found myself writing a lot of methods with what i can only think to call debugging scaffolding. Here's an example: public static void printArray (String[] array, boolean bug) { for (int i = 0; i<array.lenght; i++) { if (bug) System.out.print (i) ; //this line is what i'm calling the debugging scaffolding i guess. System.out.println(array[i]) ; } } in this method if i set bug to true, wherever its being called from maybe by some kind of user imput, then i get the special debugging text to let me know what index the string being printed as at just in case i needed to know for the sake of my debugging (pretend a state of affairs exists where its helpful). All of my questions more or less boil down to the question: is this a good idea? but with a tad bit more objectivity: Is this an effective way to test my methods and debug them? i mean effective in terms of efficiency and not messing up my code. Is it acceptable to leave the if (bug) stuff ; code in place after i've got my method up and working? (if a definition of "acceptability" is needed to make this question objective then use "is not a matter of programing controversy such as ommiting brackets in an if(boolean) with only one line after it, though if you've got something better go ahead and use your definition i won't mind) Is there a more effective way to accomplish the gole of making debugging easier than what i'm doing? Anything you know i mean to ask but that i have forgotten too (as much information as makes sense is appreciated).

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  • special debugging lines (java)

    - by David
    Recently i've found myself writing a lot of methods with what i can only think to call debugging scaffolding. Here's an example: public static void printArray (String[] array, boolean bug) { for (int i = 0; i<array.lenght; i++) { if (bug) System.out.print (i) ; //this line is what i'm calling the debugging scaffolding i guess. System.out.println(array[i]) ; } } in this method if i set bug to true, wherever its being called from maybe by some kind of user imput, then i get the special debugging text to let me know what index the string being printed as at just in case i needed to know for the sake of my debugging (pretend a state of affairs exists where its helpful). All of my questions more or less boil down to the question: is this a good idea? but with a tad bit more objectivity: Is this an effective way to test my methods and debug them? i mean effective in terms of efficiency and not messing up my code. Is it acceptable to leave the if (bug) stuff ; code in place after i've got my method up and working? (if a definition of "acceptability" is needed to make this question objective then use "is not a matter of programing controversy such as ommiting brackets in an if(boolean) with only one line after it, though if you've got something better go ahead and use your definition i won't mind) Is there a more effective way to accomplish the gole of making debugging easier than what i'm doing? Anything you know i mean to ask but that i have forgotten too (as much information as makes sense is appreciated).

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  • How does one convert 16-bit RGB565 to 24-bit RGB888?

    - by jleedev
    I’ve got my hands on a 16-bit rgb565 image (specifically, an Android framebuffer dump), and I would like to convert it to 24-bit rgb888 for viewing on a normal monitor. The question is, how does one convert a 5- or 6-bit channel to 8 bits? The obvious answer is to shift it. I started out by writing this: uint16_t buf; while (read(0, &buf, sizeof buf)) { unsigned char red = (buf & 0xf800) >> 11; unsigned char green = (buf & 0x07c0) >> 5; unsigned char blue = buf & 0x003f; putchar(red << 3); putchar(green << 2); putchar(blue << 3); } However, this doesn’t have one property I would like, which is for 0xffff to map to 0xffffff, instead of 0xf8fcf8. I need to expand the value in some way, but I’m not sure how that should work. The Android SDK comes with a tool called ddms (Dalvik Debug Monitor) that takes screen captures. As far as I can tell from reading the code, it implements the same logic; yet its screenshots are coming out different, and white is mapping to white. Here’s the raw framebuffer, the smart conversion by ddms, and the dumb conversion by the above algorithm. (By the way, this conversion is implemented in ffmpeg, but it’s just performing the dumb conversion listed above, leaving the LSBs at all zero.) I guess I have two questions: What’s the most sensible way to convert rgb565 to rgb888? How is DDMS converting its screenshots?

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  • 8 bit enum, in C

    - by oxinabox.ucc.asn.au
    I have to store instuctions, commands that I will be receiving via serial. The commands will be 8 bits long. I'd like to use Enumerations to deal with them in my code. Only a enumeration corresponds to a ... on this platform I think a 16 bit integer. I need to preserve transparancy between command name, and its value. So as to avoid having to translate an 8-bit number received in serial into any type. BTW the platform is AVR ATmega169V microcontroller, on the Butterfly demo board. It may be being underclocked to preserve power (I'm opposed to this, I believe the ATmega169V uses no power, not next to a router. But that's getting offtopic.) So I need to keep things fast, and I don't have any luxuries like file I/O. Or operating systems. So any suggestions as to what type I should be using to store 8-bit commands? There has got to be something better than a massive header of #defines.

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  • Visual Studio Macros on 64 bit fail with COM error

    - by bruce.kinchin
    I'm doing some javascript development and found a cool macro to region my code ("Using #region Directive With JavaScript Files in Visual Studio"). I used this on my 32 bit box, and it worked first time. (Visual Studio 2008 SP1, Win7) For easy of reference the macro is: Option Strict Off Option Explicit Off Imports System Imports EnvDTE Imports EnvDTE80 Imports System.Diagnostics Imports System.Collections Public Module JsMacros Sub OutlineRegions() Dim selection As EnvDTE.TextSelection = DTE.ActiveDocument.Selection Const REGION_START As String = "//#region" Const REGION_END As String = "//#endregion" DTE.ExecuteCommand("Edit.StopOutlining") selection.SelectAll() Dim text As String = selection.Text selection.StartOfDocument(True) Dim startIndex As Integer Dim endIndex As Integer Dim lastIndex As Integer = 0 Dim startRegions As Stack = New Stack() Do startIndex = text.IndexOf(REGION_START, lastIndex) endIndex = text.IndexOf(REGION_END, lastIndex) If startIndex = -1 AndAlso endIndex = -1 Then Exit Do End If If startIndex <> -1 AndAlso startIndex < endIndex Then startRegions.Push(startIndex) lastIndex = startIndex + 1 Else ' Outline region ... selection.MoveToLineAndOffset(CalcLineNumber(text, CInt(startRegions.Pop())), text.Length) selection.MoveToLineAndOffset(CalcLineNumber(text, endIndex) + 1, 1, True) selection.OutlineSection() lastIndex = endIndex + 1 End If Loop selection.StartOfDocument() End Sub Private Function CalcLineNumber(ByVal text As String, ByVal index As Integer) Dim lineNumber As Integer = 1 Dim i As Integer = 0 While i < index If text.Chars(i) = vbCr Then lineNumber += 1 i += 1 End If i += 1 End While Return lineNumber End Function End Module I then tried to use the same macro on two separate 64 bit machines (Win7 x64), identical other than the 64 bit OS version and it fails to work. Stepping through it with the Visual Studio Macros IDE, it fails the first time on the DTE.ExecuteCommand("Edit.StopOutlining") line with a COM error (Error HRESULT E_FAIL has been returned from a call to a COM component). If I attempt to run it a second time, I can run it from the Macro Editor with no issue, but not from within Visual Studio with the macro explorer 'run macro' command. I have reviewed the following articles without finding anything helpful: Stackoverflow: Visual Studio 2008 macro only works from the Macro IDE, not the Macro Explorer Recorded macro does not run; Failing on DTE.ExecuteCommand Am I missing something dumb?

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  • FOR BOUNTY: "QFontEngine(Win) GetTextMetrics failed ()" error on 64-bit Windows

    - by David Murdoch
    I'll add a large bounty to this when Stack Overflow lets me. I'm using wkhtmltopdf to convert HTML web pages to PDFs. This works perfectly on my 32-bit dev server [unfortunately, I can't ship my machine :-p ]. However, when I deploy to the web application's 64-bit server the following errors are displayed: C:\>wkhtmltopdf http://www.google.com google.pdf Loading pages (1/5) QFontEngine::loadEngine: GetTextMetrics failed () ] 10% QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngine::loadEngine: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngine::loadEngine: GetTextMetrics failed () ] 36% QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () // ...etc.... and the PDF is created and saved... just WITHOUT text. All form-fields, images, borders, tables, divs, spans, ps, etc are rendered accurately...just void of any text at all. Server information: Windows edition: Windows Server Standard Service Pack 2 Processor: Intel Xeon E5410 @ 2.33GHz 2.33 GHz Memory: 8.00 GB System type: 64-bit Operating System Can anyone give me a clue as to what is happening and how I can fix this? Also, I wasn't sure what to tag/title this question with...so if you can think of better tags/title comment them or edit the question. :-)

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  • "QFontEngine(Win) GetTextMetrics failed ()" error on 64-bit Windows

    - by David Murdoch
    I'll add 500 of my own rep as a bounty when SO lets me. I'm using wkhtmltopdf to convert HTML web pages to PDFs. This works perfectly on my 32-bit dev server [unfortunately, I can't ship my machine :-p ]. However, when I deploy to the web application's 64-bit server the following errors are displayed: C:\>wkhtmltopdf http://www.google.com google.pdf Loading pages (1/5) QFontEngine::loadEngine: GetTextMetrics failed () ] 10% QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngine::loadEngine: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngine::loadEngine: GetTextMetrics failed () ] 36% QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () QFontEngineWin: GetTextMetrics failed () // ...etc.... and the PDF is created and saved... just WITHOUT text. All form-fields, images, borders, tables, divs, spans, ps, etc are rendered accurately...just void of any text at all. Server information: Windows edition: Windows Server Standard Service Pack 2 Processor: Intel Xeon E5410 @ 2.33GHz 2.33 GHz Memory: 8.00 GB System type: 64-bit Operating System Can anyone give me a clue as to what is happening and how I can fix this? Also, I wasn't sure what to tag/title this question with...so if you can think of better tags/title comment them or edit the question. :-)

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  • Hibernate bit array to entity mapping

    - by teabot
    I am trying to map a normalized Java model to a legacy database schema using Hibernate 3.5. One particular table encodes a foreign keys in a one-to-many relationship as a bit array column. Consider tables 'person' and 'clubs' that describes people's affiliations to clubs: person .----.------. club: .----.---------.---------------------------. | id | name | | id | name | members | binary(members) | |----+------| |----+---------|---------+-----------------| | 1 | Bob | | 10 | Cricket | 0 | 000 | | 2 | Joe | | 11 | Tennis | 5 | 101 | | 3 | Sue | | 12 | Cooking | 7 | 111 | '----'------' | 13 | Golf | 3 | 100 | '----'---------'---------'-----------------' So hopefully it is clear that person.id is used as the bit index in the bit array club.members. In this example the members column tells us that: no one is a member of Cricket, Bob/Sue - Tennis, Bob/Sue/Joe - Cooking and Sue - Golf. In my Java domain I'd like to declare this with entities like so: class Person { private int id; private String name; ... } class Club { private Set<Person> members; private int id; private String name; ... } I am assuming that I must use a UserType implementation but have been unable to find any examples where the items described by the user type are references to entities - not literal field values - or composites thereof. Additionally I am aware that I'll have to consider how the person entities are fetched when a club instance is loaded. Can anyone tell me how I can tame this legacy schema with Hibernate?

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  • Strip parity bits in C from 8 bits of data followed by 1 parity bit

    - by dubnde
    I have a buffer of bits with 8 bits of data followed by 1 parity bit. This pattern repeats itself. The buffer is currently stored as an array of octets. Example (p are parity bits): 0001 0001 p000 0100 0p00 0001 00p01 1100 ... should become 0001 0001 0000 1000 0000 0100 0111 00 ... Basically, I need to strip of every ninth bit to just obtain the data bits. How can I achieve this? This is related to another question asked here sometime back. This is on a 32 bit machine so the solution to the related question may not be applicable. The maximum possible number of bits is 45 i.e. 5 data octets This is what I have tried so far. I have created a "boolean" array and added the bits into the array based on the the bitset of the octet. I then look at every ninth index of the array and through it away. Then move the remaining array down one index. Then I've got only the data bits left. I was thinking there may be better ways of doing this.

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  • Pentium Assembly Code Question

    - by leon
    Hi I am new to Pentium assembly programming. Could you check if I am doing the translation of C to assembly correctly? Condition: 32-bit addresses, 32 bit integers and 16 bit characters. char[5] vowels="aeiou"; Translate: vowels db "aeoiu" ; or should it be "vowels dw "aeoiu" ? How to access vowels[p]? Is it byte[vowels+p*2]? (since characters are 16 bit? ) Many thanks

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  • Equivalent Carbon 32-bit call for using in 64-bit application - GetApplicationEventTarget().

    - by Dheeraj
    Hi All, I'm writing a 64-bit Cocoa application. I need to register for global key events. So I wrote this piece of code : - (void)awakeFromNib { EventHotKeyRef gMyHotKeyRef; EventHotKeyID gMyHotKeyID; EventTypeSpec eventType; eventType.eventClass=kEventClassKeyboard; eventType.eventKind=kEventHotKeyPressed; eventType.eventClass=kEventClassKeyboard; eventType.eventKind=kEventHotKeyPressed; InstallApplicationEventHandler(&MyHotKeyHandler,1,&eventType,NULL,NULL); gMyHotKeyID.signature='htk1'; gMyHotKeyID.id=1; RegisterEventHotKey(49, cmdKey+optionKey, gMyHotKeyID, **GetApplicationEventTarget**(), 0, &gMyHotKeyRef); } But since GetApplicationEventTarget() is not supported for 64-bit applications I'm getting errors. If I declare it, then I don't get any errors but the application crashes. Is there any equivalent method for GetApplicationEventTarget() (defined in Carbon framework) to use in 64-bit applications. Or is there any way to get the global key events using cocoa calls? Any help is appreciated. Thanks, Dheeraj.

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  • Add two 32-bit integers in Assembler for use in VB6

    - by Emtucifor
    I would like to come up with the byte code in assembler (assembly?) for Windows machines to add two 32-bit longs and throw away the carry bit. I realize the "Windows machines" part is a little vague, but I'm assuming that the bytes for ADD are pretty much the same in all modern Intel instruction sets. I'm just trying to abuse VB a little and make some things faster. So... if the string "8A4C240833C0F6C1E075068B442404D3E0C20800" is the assembly code for SHL that can be "injected" into a VB6 program for a fast SHL operation expecting two Long parameters (we're ignoring here that 32-bit longs in VB6 are signed, just pretend they are unsigned), what is the hex string of bytes representing assembler instructions that will do the same thing to return the sum? The hex code above for SHL is, according to the author: mov eax, [esp+4] mov cl, [esp+8] shl eax, cl ret 8 I spit those bytes into a file and tried unassembling them in a windows command prompt using the old debug utility, but I figured out it's not working with the newer instruction set because it didn't like EAX when I tried assembling something but it was happy with AX. I know from comments in the source code that SHL EAX, CL is D3E0, but I don't have any reference to know what the bytes are for instruction ADD EAX, CL or I'd try it. I tried flat assembler and am not getting anything I can figure out how to use. I used it to assemble the original SHL code and got a very different result, not the same bytes. Help?

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  • setBit java method using bit shifting and hexadecimal code - question

    - by somewhat_confused
    I am having trouble understanding what is happening in the two lines with the 0xFF7F and the one below it. There is a link here that explains it to some degree. http://www.herongyang.com/java/Bit-String-Set-Bit-to-Byte-Array.html I don't know if 0xFF7FposBit) & oldByte) & 0x00FF are supposed to be 3 values 'AND'ed together or how this is supposed to be read. If anyone can clarify what is happening here a little better, I would greatly appreciate it. private static void setBit(byte[] data, final int pos, final int val) { int posByte = pos/8; int posBit = pos%8; byte oldByte = data[posByte]; oldByte = (byte) (((0xFF7F>>posBit) & oldByte) & 0x00FF); byte newByte = (byte) ((val<<(8-(posBit+1))) | oldByte); data[posByte] = newByte; } passed into this method as parameters from a selectBits method was setBit(out,i,val); out = is byte[] out = new byte[numOfBytes]; (numOfBytes can be 7 in this situation) i = which is number [57], the original number from the PC1 int array holding the 56-integers. val = which is the bit taken from the byte array from the getBit() method.

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  • Detection of negative integers using bit operations

    - by Nawaz
    One approach to check if a given integer is negative or not, could be this: (using bit operations) int num_bits = sizeof(int) * 8; //assuming 8 bits per byte! int sign_bit = given_int & (1 << (num_bits-1)); //sign_bit is either 1 or 0 if ( sign_bit ) { cout << "given integer is negative"<<endl; } else { cout << "given integer is positive"<<endl; } The problem with this solution is that number of bits per byte couldn't be 8, it could be 9,10, 11 even 16 or 40 bits per byte. Byte doesn't necessarily mean 8 bits! Anyway, this problem can be easily fixed by writing, //CHAR_BIT is defined in limits.h int num_bits = sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT; //no assumption. It seems fine now. But is it really? Is this Standard conformant? What if the negative integer is not represented as 2's complement? What if it's representation in a binary numeration system that doesn't necessitate only negative integers to have 1 in it's most significant bit? Can we write such code that will be both portable and standard conformant? Related topics: Size of Primitive data types Why is a boolean 1 byte and not 1 bit of size?

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  • How to compare a memory bits in C++?

    - by Trunet
    Hi, I need help with a memory bit comparison function. I bought a LED Matrix here with 4 x HT1632C chips and I'm using it on my arduino mega2560. There're no code available for this chipset(it's not the same as HT1632) and I'm writing on my own. I have a plot function that get x,y coordinates and a color and that pixel turn on. Only this is working perfectly. But I need more performance on my display so I tried to make a shadowRam variable that is a "copy" of my device memory. Before I plot anything on display it checks on shadowRam to see if it's really necessary to change that pixel. When I enabled this(getShadowRam) on plot function my display has some, just SOME(like 3 or 4 on entire display) ghost pixels(pixels that is not supposed to be turned on). If I just comment the prev_color if's on my plot function it works perfectly. Also, I'm cleaning my shadowRam array setting all matrix to zero. variables: #define BLACK 0 #define GREEN 1 #define RED 2 #define ORANGE 3 #define CHIP_MAX 8 byte shadowRam[63][CHIP_MAX-1] = {0}; getShadowRam function: byte HT1632C::getShadowRam(byte x, byte y) { byte addr, bitval, nChip; if (x>=32) { nChip = 3 + x/16 + (y>7?2:0); } else { nChip = 1 + x/16 + (y>7?2:0); } bitval = 8>>(y&3); x = x % 16; y = y % 8; addr = (x<<1) + (y>>2); if ((shadowRam[addr][nChip-1] & bitval) && (shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1] & bitval)) { return ORANGE; } else if (shadowRam[addr][nChip-1] & bitval) { return GREEN; } else if (shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1] & bitval) { return RED; } else { return BLACK; } } plot function: void HT1632C::plot (int x, int y, int color) { if (x<0 || x>X_MAX || y<0 || y>Y_MAX) return; if (color != BLACK && color != GREEN && color != RED && color != ORANGE) return; char addr, bitval; byte nChip; byte prev_color = HT1632C::getShadowRam(x,y); bitval = 8>>(y&3); if (x>=32) { nChip = 3 + x/16 + (y>7?2:0); } else { nChip = 1 + x/16 + (y>7?2:0); } x = x % 16; y = y % 8; addr = (x<<1) + (y>>2); switch(color) { case BLACK: if (prev_color != BLACK) { // compare with memory to only set if pixel is other color // clear the bit in both planes; shadowRam[addr][nChip-1] &= ~bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr, shadowRam[addr][nChip-1]); shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1] &= ~bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr+32, shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1]); } break; case GREEN: if (prev_color != GREEN) { // compare with memory to only set if pixel is other color // set the bit in the green plane and clear the bit in the red plane; shadowRam[addr][nChip-1] |= bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr, shadowRam[addr][nChip-1]); shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1] &= ~bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr+32, shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1]); } break; case RED: if (prev_color != RED) { // compare with memory to only set if pixel is other color // clear the bit in green plane and set the bit in the red plane; shadowRam[addr][nChip-1] &= ~bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr, shadowRam[addr][nChip-1]); shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1] |= bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr+32, shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1]); } break; case ORANGE: if (prev_color != ORANGE) { // compare with memory to only set if pixel is other color // set the bit in both the green and red planes; shadowRam[addr][nChip-1] |= bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr, shadowRam[addr][nChip-1]); shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1] |= bitval; HT1632C::sendData(nChip, addr+32, shadowRam[addr+32][nChip-1]); } break; } } If helps: The datasheet of board I'm using. On page 7 has the memory mapping I'm using. Also, I have a video of display working.

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  • Language for non-programmers to start learning programming

    - by zarawesome
    A non-programmer friend will be starting the Computer Science college course in a few months. I'd like her to try her hand at some programming before she starts her studies (the course itself expects one to know C, but it's an horrible language to learn to program at). What language would be the best to do so? Related question: Best ways to teach a beginner to program?

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  • What's wrong with this conditional?

    - by David
    I am trying to make a method that tests to see if 3 lengths can make a triangle. I think i'm making some kind of syntax error but i can't figure out what it is. Here is the relevant bit of code: (its in java) public static void trya (int a, int b, int c) { if (c>(a+b)) { System.out.println ("yes") ; } else { if (b>(a+c)) { System.out.println ("yes") ; } } else { if (a>(b+c)) { System.out.println ("yes") ; } } else { System.out.println ("no") ; } } this is the error message i get: tryangle.java:17: 'else' without 'if' else ^

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  • In what programing language are the things i actualy care about writin? [closed]

    - by David
    To be more specific and less subjective: In what language are video games like Halo 3/COD 4/ mario cart written? Microsoft word for windows? for mac? The animation software used by big movie studios to make movies like toystory and monsters inc? The software that helps pilots control the F22 raptor? The software that watches the stock market? The software in the computer in my car? The software that makes the internet work? (this one is a bit vague, if more specificness is needed then google specifically) robots?

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  • Android Multiple Handlers Design Question

    - by Soumya Simanta
    This question is related to an existing question I asked. I though I'll ask a new question instead of replying back to the other question. Cannot "comment" on my previous question because of a word limit. Marc wrote - I've more than one Handlers in an Activity." Why? If you do not want a complicated handleMessage() method, then use post() (on Handler or View) to break the logic up into individual Runnables. Multiple Handlers makes me nervous. I'm new to Android. Is having multiple handlers in a single activity a bad design ? I'm new to Android. My question is - is having multiple handlers in a single activity a bad design ? Here is the sketch of my current implementation. I've a mapActivity that creates a data thread (a UDP socket that listens for data). My first handler is responsible for sending data from the data thread to the activity. On the map I've a bunch of "dynamic" markers that are refreshed frequently. Some of these markers are video markers i.e., if the user clicks a video marker, I add a ViewView that extends a android.opengl.GLSurfaceView to my map activity and display video on this new vide. I use my second handler to send information about the marker that the user tapped on ItemizedOverlay onTap(int index) method. The user can close the video view by tapping on the video view. I use my third handler for this. I would appreciate if people can tell me what's wrong with this approach and suggest better ways to implement this. Thanks.

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