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• Why Does Wireless Gear Degrade Over Time?

  - by bahamat

  I saw this originally posted on slashdot, but their comment format is not conducive to actually getting a correct answer. Having directly experienced this phenomenon myself, I'm now asking here where I think I can actually get an educated answer. Here's the original question verbatim: Lately I have replaced several home wireless routers because the signal strength has been found to be degraded. These devices, when new (2+ years ago) would cover an entire house. Over the years, the strength seems to decrease to a point where it might only cover one or two rooms. Of the three that I have replaced for friends, I have not found a common brand, age, etc. It just seems that after time, the signal strength decreases. I know that routers are cheap and easy to replace but I'm curious what actually causes this. I would have assumed that the components would either work or not work; we would either have a full signal or have no signal. I am not an electrical engineer and I can't find the answer online so I'm reaching out to you. Can someone explain how a transmitter can slowly go bad? Common (incorrect, but repeated) answers from slashdot include: Back then your neighbors didn't have wifi, now they do. They drowning you out. I don't think this is likely because replacing the access point with a new one and using the same frequencies solves the problem. Older devices had low transmit power. Crank that baby. As mentioned by a FreeBSD wireless developer this violates regulations and can physically damage the equipment. It was also mentioned that higher power in one direction is not necessarily reciprocated. This shows higher bars, but not necessarily a better connection. Manufacturers make cheap crap designed to wear out. This one actually may be legitimate although it is overly broad. What specifically causes damage over time? Heat? Excessive power? So can anyone provide an informed answer on this? Is there any way to fix these older access points?

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• creating a heirarchy of terminals or workspaces

  - by intuited

  <rant This question occurred to me ('occurred' meaning 'whispered seductively in my ear for the 100th time') while using GNU-screen, so I'll make that my example. However this is a much more general question about user interfaces and what I perceive as a flawmissing feature in every implementation I've yet seen. I'm wondering if there is some way to create a heirarchy/tree of terminals in a screen session. EG I'd like to have something like 1 bash 1.1 bash 1.2 bash 2 bash 3 bash 3.1 bash 3.1.1 bash 3.1.2 bash It would be good if the terminals could be labelled instead of having to be navigated to via some arrangement that I suspect doesn't exist. So then you could jump to one using eg ^A:goto happydays or ^A:goto dykstra.angry. So to generalize that: Firefox, Chrome, Internet Explorer, gnome-terminal, roxterm, konsole, yakuake, OpenOffice, Microsoft Office, Mr. Snuffaluppagus's Funtime Carousel™, and Your Mom's Jam Browser™ all offer the ability to create a flat set of tabs containing documents of an identical nature: web pages, terminals, documents, fun rideable animals, and jams. GNU-screen implements the same functionality without using tabs. Linux and OS/X window managers provide the ability to organize windows into an array of workspaces, which amounts to again, the same deal. Over the past few years, this has become a more or less ubiquitous concept which has been righteously welcomed into the far reaches of the computer interface funfest. Heavy users of these systems quickly encounter a problem with it: the set of entities is flat. In the case of workspaces, an option may be available to create a 2d array. However none of these applications furnish their users with the ability to create heirarchies, similar to filesystem directory structures, containing instances of their particular contained type. I for one am consistently bothered by this, and am wondering if the community can offer some wisdom as to why this has not happened in any of the foremost collections of computational functionality our culture has yet produced. Or if perhaps it has and I'm just an ignorant savage. I'd like to be able to not only group things into a tree structure, but also to create references (aka symbolic links, aka pointers) from one part of the structure to another, as well as apply properties (eg default directory, colorscheme, ...) recursively downward from a given node. I see no reason why we shouldn't be able to save these structures as known sessions, and apply tags to particular instances. So then you can sort through them by tag, find them by name, or just use the arrow keys (with an appropriate modifier) to move left or right and in or out of a given level. Another key combo would serve to create a branch in the place of the current terminal/webpage/lifelike statue/spreadsheet/spreadsheet sheet/presentation/jam and move that entity into the new branch, then create a fresh one as a sibling to it: a second leaf node within the same branch node. They would get along well. I find it a bit astonishing that this hasn't happened yet, and the only reason I can venture as a guess is that the creators of these fine systems do not consider such functionality to be useful to a significant portion of their userbase. I posit that the probability that that such an assumption would be correct is pretty low. On the other hand, given the relative ease with which such structures can be implemented using modern libraries/languages, it doesn't seem likely that difficulty of implementation would be a major roadblock. If it could be done in 1972 or whenever within the constraints of a filesystem driver, it should be relatively painless to implement in 2010 in a fullblown application. Given that all of these systems are capable of maintaining a set of equivalent entities, it seems unlikely that a major infrastructure overhaul would be necessary in order to enable a navigable heirarchy of them. </rant Mostly I'm just looking to start up a discussion and/or brainstorming on this topic. Any ideas, examples, criticism, or analysis are quite welcome. * Mr. Snuffaluppagus's Funtime Carousel is a registered trademark of Children's Television Workshop Inc. * Your Mom's Jam Browser is a registered trademark of Your Mom Inc.

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• Dhcpd Daemon is trying to lease itself?

  - by tommieb75

  I have a Slackware Linux 13.0 box with two interfaces, eth0 and eth1. I have set this box up to be on the 192.168.1.0/24 network, with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. I am trying to run a dhcpd server on this box to service two interfaces above, so I subnetted the 192.168.1.0/24 network into two subnets. For eth0 192.168.1.1, subnet mask 255.255.255.128, broadcast mask 192.168.1.127. For eth1 192.168.1.129, subnet mask 255.255.255.128, broadcast mask 192.168.1.255. Both the interfaces are assigned manually. eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.127 Mask:255.255.255.128 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:39 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:1404 (1.3 KiB) Interrupt:11 Base address:0x8000 Memory:faffc000-faffcfff eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet addr:192.168.1.128 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.128 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:10003 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:13286 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1589229 (1.5 MiB) TX bytes:9900005 (9.4 MiB) Interrupt:11 Here is the dhcpd.conf set up authoritative; ddns-update-style interim; ignore client-updates; subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.128 { range 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.126; default-lease-time 86400; max-lease-time 86400; option routers 192.168.1.1; option ip-forwarding off; option domain-name-servers 208.67.222.222, 208.67.220.220; option broadcast-address 192.168.1.127; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.128; } subnet 192.168.1.128 netmask 255.255.255.128 { range 192.168.1.129 192.168.1.254; default-lease-time 86400; max-lease-time 86400; option routers 192.168.1.1; option ip-forwarding off; option domain-name-servers 208.67.222.222, 208.67.220.220; option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.128; } This is what is showing in the log Apr 10 18:09:58 inspiron8600 dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:00:00:00:00:00 (inspiron8600) via eth1 Apr 10 18:09:58 inspiron8600 dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.1.131 to 00:00:00:00:00:00 (inspiron8600) via eth1 Apr 10 18:10:01 inspiron8600 dhcpcd[3832]: eth1: adding IP address 169.254.153.6/16 This is happening spuriously, and the log gets filled up with nonsense..so my question is this: How do I stop this from happening? And why would it be trying to give itself a lease? I am sure I have missed something but cannot see it and would appreciate a pair of eyes from the community to spot the obvious flaw!

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• Slow Windows Explorer on Windows 7

  - by MadBoy

  I have Laptop with i7 (4 cores), 8GB ram and SSD OCZ Vertex 3 MaxIOPS which in testing that I did just now does 400mb/s+ read/write. However the responsiveness of Windows Explorer is far from being perfect. Opening up Computer, Documents, going into folders is very slow (1-5seconds). I don't have any viruses or spyware and I have tried changing properties to optimize view for General Items. I tried disabling Search Indexer but it made search in Outlook 2010 crawl and didn't bring any other effect. Even double clicking on file takes some time to open things up (like clicking a Word document). I don't have any drives mapped, my computer is not joined to domain. I have multiple VPN connections that I connect to but they all have disabled default gateways. I tried using CC Cleaner or some Windows 7 Tweaks app to disable some things. I am power user using Visual Studio, Tortoise SVN and other developer/administration apps. Any non obvious ideas? Edit: So I've been trying to pinpoint where the issue comes from and it seems that straight after reboot Windows Explorer opens very fast, when I load 3-4 programs (Royal TS, Visual Studio, Outlook) it's noticeably slower and the more programs I have it gets worse. After I start closing programs it starts working better and if I leave 2 open it's fast again. I tried doing some research with DiskMon and other programs from sysinternals but couldn't find anything suspicious. Below are stats during normal usage with a lots of programs open: - Ram usage with a lot of programs open and no swap file (i disabled it for testing): 6.95GB - CPU usage: 15%, none of the cores takes more then 50% (I have VS 2010 open x 4) HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI Benchmark Test capacity: full Read transfer rate Transfer Rate Minimum : 363.9 MB/s Transfer Rate Maximum : 505.5 MB/s Transfer Rate Average : Access Time : Burst Rate : CPU Usage : HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI File Benchmark Drive C: Transfer rate test File Size: 500 MB Sequential read 484102 KB/s Sequential write 444714 KB/s Random read 7779 IOPS Random write 16888 IOPS Random read (queue depth = 32) 73007 IOPS Random write (queue depth = 32) 69790 IOPS HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI Random Access Test capacity: full Read test Transfer size operations / sec avg. access time max. access time avg. speed 512 bytes 3260 IOPS 0.306 ms 2.106 ms 1.592 MB/s 4 KB 4161 IOPS 0.240 ms 2.006 ms 16.256 MB/s 64 KB 2382 IOPS 0.419 ms 2.367 ms 148.934 MB/s 1 MB 449 IOPS 2.225 ms 4.197 ms 449.407 MB/s Random 809 IOPS 1.235 ms 6.551 ms 410.527 MB/s HD Tune Pro: OCZ-VERTEX3 MI Extra Tests Test capacity: full Random seek 3975 IOPS 0.252 ms 1.941 MB/s Random seek 4 KB 4245 IOPS 0.236 ms 16.583 MB/s Butterfly seek 4086 IOPS 0.245 ms 1.995 MB/s Random seek / size 64 KB 3812 IOPS 0.262 ms 58.606 MB/s Random seek / size 8 MB 120 IOPS 8.348 ms 485.737 MB/s Sequential outer 4524 IOPS 0.221 ms 282.721 MB/s Sequential middle 4429 IOPS 0.226 ms 276.818 MB/s Sequential inner 5504 IOPS 0.182 ms 344.000 MB/s Burst rate 4472 IOPS 0.224 ms 279.475 MB/s

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• PHP & MySQL on Mac OS X: Access denied for GUI user

  - by Eirik Lillebo

  Hey! This question was first posted to Stack Overflow, but as it is perhaps just as much a server issue I though it might be just as well to post it here also. I have just installed and configured Apache, MySQL, PHP and phpMyAdmin on my Macbook in order to have a local development environment. But after I moved one of my projects over to the local server I get a weird MySQL error from one of my calls to mysql_query(): Access denied for user '_securityagent'@'localhost' (using password: NO) First of all, the query I'm sending to MySQL is all valid, and I've even testet it through phpMyAdmin with perfect result. Secondly, the error message only happens here while I have at least 4 other mysql connections and queries per page. This call to mysql_query() happens at the end of a really long function that handles data for newly created or modified articles. This basically what it does: Collect all the data from article form (title, content, dates, etc..) Validate collected data Connect to database Dynamically build SQL query based on validated article data Send query to database before closing the connection Pretty basic, I know. I did not recognize the username "_securityagent" so after a quick search I came across this from and article at Apple's Developer Connection talking about some random bug: Mac OS X's security infrastructure gets around this problem by running its GUI code as a special user, "_securityagent". Then I tried put a var_dump() on all variables used in the mysql_connect() call, and every time it returns the correct values (where username is not "_securityagent" of course). Thus I'm wondering if anyone has any idea why 'securityagent' is trying to connect to my database - and how I can keep this error from occurring when I call mysql_query(). Update: Here is the exact code I'm using to connect to the database. But a little explanation must follow: The connection error happens at a call to mysql_query() in function X in class_1 class_1 uses class_2 to connect to database class_2 reads a config file with the database connection variables (host, user, pass, db) class_2 connect to the database through the following function: var $SYSTEM_DB_HOST = ""; function connect_db() { // Reads the config file include('system_config.php'); if (!($SYSTEM_DB_HOST == "")) { mysql_connect($SYSTEM_DB_HOST, $SYSTEM_DB_USER, $SYSTEM_DB_PASS); @mysql_select_db($SYSTEM_DB); return true; } else { return false; } }

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• Root directory permissions on Mac OS X 10.6?

  - by Agos

  Hi, I was wondering if it's normal that the root directory / should be owned by “root”. I get asked for my password every time I want to do something there (e.g. save a file, create a directory) and I don't remember this happening before (though this may just be my faulty memory). Here's the relevant terminal output: MacBook:~ ago$ ls -lah / total 37311 drwxr-xr-x@ 35 root staff 1,2K 22 Mar 12:34 . drwxr-xr-x@ 35 root staff 1,2K 22 Mar 12:34 .. -rw-rw-r--@ 1 root admin 21K 22 Mar 10:21 .DS_Store drwx------ 3 root admin 102B 28 Feb 2008 .Spotlight-V100 d-wx-wx-wt 2 root admin 68B 31 Ago 2009 .Trashes -rw-r--r--@ 1 ago 501 45K 23 Gen 2008 .VolumeIcon.icns srwxrwxrwx 1 root staff 0B 22 Mar 12:34 .dbfseventsd ---------- 1 root admin 0B 23 Giu 2009 .file drwx------ 27 root admin 918B 22 Mar 10:55 .fseventsd -rw-r--r--@ 1 ago admin 59B 30 Ott 2007 .hidden -rw------- 1 root wheel 320K 30 Nov 11:42 .hotfiles.btree drwxr-xr-x@ 2 root wheel 68B 18 Mag 2009 .vol drwxrwxr-x+ 276 root admin 9,2K 19 Mar 18:28 Applications drwxrwxr-x@ 21 root admin 714B 14 Nov 12:01 Developer drwxrwxr-t+ 74 root admin 2,5K 18 Dic 22:14 Library drwxr-xr-x@ 2 root wheel 68B 23 Giu 2009 Network drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 136B 13 Nov 17:49 System drwxr-xr-x 6 root admin 204B 31 Ago 2009 Users drwxrwxrwt@ 4 root admin 136B 22 Mar 12:35 Volumes drwxr-xr-x@ 39 root wheel 1,3K 13 Nov 17:44 bin drwxrwxr-t@ 2 root admin 68B 23 Giu 2009 cores dr-xr-xr-x 3 root wheel 5,1K 17 Mar 11:29 dev lrwxr-xr-x@ 1 root wheel 11B 31 Ago 2009 etc -> private/etc dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1B 17 Mar 11:30 home drwxrwxrwt@ 3 root wheel 102B 31 Ago 2009 lost+found -rw-r--r--@ 1 root wheel 18M 3 Nov 19:40 mach_kernel dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1B 17 Mar 11:30 net drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root admin 102B 24 Nov 2007 opt drwxr-xr-x@ 6 root wheel 204B 31 Ago 2009 private drwxr-xr-x@ 64 root wheel 2,1K 13 Nov 17:44 sbin lrwxr-xr-x@ 1 root wheel 11B 31 Ago 2009 tmp -> private/tmp drwxr-xr-x@ 17 root wheel 578B 12 Set 2009 usr lrwxr-xr-x@ 1 root wheel 11B 31 Ago 2009 var -> private/var Are these ownerships / permissions ok? Should I chmod/chown something? Thanks in advance

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• Can someone explain RAID-0 in plain English?

  - by Edward Tanguay

  I've heard about and read about RAID throughout the years and understand it theoretically as a way to help e.g. server PCs reduce the chance of data loss, but now I am buying a new PC which I want to be as fast as possible and have learned that having two drives can considerably increase the perceived performance of your machine. In the question Recommendations for hard drive performance boost, the author says he is going to RAID-0 two 7200 RPM drives together. What does this mean in practical terms for me with Windows 7 installed, e.g. can I buy two drives, go into the device manager and "raid-0 them together"? I am not a network administrator or a hardware guy, I'm just a developer who is going to have a computer store build me a super fast machine next week. I can read the wikipedia page on RAID but it is just way too many trees and not enough forest to help me build a faster PC: RAID-0: "Striped set without parity" or "Striping". Provides improved performance and additional storage but no redundancy or fault tolerance. Because there is no redundancy, this level is not actually a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, i.e. not true RAID. However, because of the similarities to RAID (especially the need for a controller to distribute data across multiple disks), simple strip sets are normally referred to as RAID 0. Any disk failure destroys the array, which has greater consequences with more disks in the array (at a minimum, catastrophic data loss is twice as severe compared to single drives without RAID). A single disk failure destroys the entire array because when data is written to a RAID 0 drive, the data is broken into fragments. The number of fragments is dictated by the number of disks in the array. The fragments are written to their respective disks simultaneously on the same sector. This allows smaller sections of the entire chunk of data to be read off the drive in parallel, increasing bandwidth. RAID 0 does not implement error checking so any error is unrecoverable. More disks in the array means higher bandwidth, but greater risk of data loss. So in plain English, how can "RAID-0" help me build a faster Windows-7 PC that I am going to order next week?

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• Openldap/Sasl/GSSAPI on Debian: Key table entry not found

  - by badbishop

  The goal: to make an OpenLDAP server to authenticate using Kerberos V via GSSAPI Setup: several virtual machines running on freshly installed/updated Debian Squeeze A master KDC server kdc.example.com A LDAP server, running OpenLDAP ldap.example.com The problem: tom@ldap:~$ ldapsearch -b 'dc=example,dc=com' SASL/GSSAPI authentication started ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s: Other (e.g., implementation specific) error (80) additional info: SASL(-1): generic failure: GSSAPI Error: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information (Key table entry not found) One might suggest to add that bloody keytab entry, but here's the real problem: ktutil: rkt /etc/ldap/ldap.keytab ktutil: list slot KVNO Principal ---- ---- --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 ldap/[email protected] 2 2 ldap/[email protected] 3 2 ldap/[email protected] 4 2 ldap/[email protected] So, the entry as suggested by the OpenLDAP manual is there allright. Deleting and re-creating both service principal and the keytab on ldap.example.com didn't help, I get the same error. And before I make the keytab file readable by openldap, I get "Permission denied" error instead of the one in the subject. Which implies, that the right keytab file is being accessed, as set in /etc/default/slapd. I have my doubts about the following part of slapd config: root@ldap:~# cat /etc/ldap/slapd.d/cn\=config.ldif | grep -v "^#" dn: cn=config objectClass: olcGlobal cn: config olcArgsFile: /var/run/slapd/slapd.args olcLogLevel: 256 olcPidFile: /var/run/slapd/slapd.pid olcToolThreads: 1 structuralObjectClass: olcGlobal entryUUID: d6737f5c-d321-1030-9dbe-27d2a7751e11 olcSaslHost: kdc.example.com olcSaslRealm: EXAMPLE.COM olcSaslSecProps: noplain,noactive,noanonymous,minssf=56 olcAuthzRegexp: {0}"uid=([^/]*),cn=EXAMPLE.COM,cn=GSSAPI,cn=auth" "uid=$1,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com" olcAuthzRegexp: {1}"uid=host/([^/]*).example.com,cn=example.com,cn=gssapi,cn=auth" "cn=$1,ou=hosts,dc=example,dc=com" A HOWTO at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OpenLDAPServer#Kerberos_Authentication mentiones vaguely: Also, it is frequently necessary to map the Distinguished Name (DN) of an authorized Kerberos client to an existing entry in the DIT. I fail to understand where in the tree this should be defined, what schema should be used, etc. After hours of googling, it's official: I'm stuck! Please, help. Other things checked: Kerberos as such works fine (I can ssh without using a password to any machine in this setup). That means there should be no DNS-related problems. ldapsearch -b 'dc=example,dc=com' -x works OK. SASL/GSSAPI has been tested using sasl-sample-server -m GSSAPI -s ldap and sasl-sample-client -s ldap -n ldap.example.com -u tom without errors: root@ldap:~# sasl-sample-server -m GSSAPI -s ldap Forcing use of mechanism GSSAPI Sending list of 1 mechanism(s) S: R1NTQVBJ Waiting for client mechanism... C: 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 'GSSAPI' Sending response... S: YIGZBgkqhkiG9xIBAgICAG+BiTCBhqADAgEFoQMCAQ+iejB4oAMCARKicQRvkxggi9pW+yJ1ExbTwLDclqw/VQ98aPq8mt39hkO6PPfcO2cB+t6vJ01xRKBrT9D2qF2XK0SWD4PQNb5UFbH4RM/bKAxDuCfZ1MHKgIWTLu4bK7VGZTbYydcckU2d910jIdvkkHhaRqUEM4cqp/cR Waiting for client reply... C: got '' Sending response... S: BQQF/wAMAAAAAAAAMBOWqQcACAAlCodrXW66ZObsEd4= Waiting for client reply... C: BQQE/wAMAAAAAAAAFUYbXQQACAB0b20VynB4uGH/iIzoRhw=got '?' Negotiation complete Username: tom Realm: (NULL) SSF: 56 sending encrypted message 'srv message 1' S: AAAASgUEB/8AAAAAAAAAADATlqrqrBW0NRfPMXMdMz+zqY32YakrHqFps3o/vO6yDeyPSaSqprrhI+t7owk7iOsbrZ/idJRxCBm8Wazx Waiting for encrypted message... C: AAAATQUEBv8AAAAAAAAAABVGG17WC1+/kIV9xTMUdq6Y4qYmmTahHVCjidgGchTOOOrBLEwA9IqiTCdRFPVbK1EgJ34P/vxMQpV1v4WZpcztgot '' recieved decoded message 'client message 1' root@ldap:~# sasl-sample-client -s ldap -n ldap.example.com -u tom service=ldap Waiting for mechanism list from server... S: R1NTQVBJrecieved 6 byte message Choosing best mechanism from: GSSAPI returning OK: tom Using mechanism GSSAPI Preparing initial. Sending initial response... C: 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 Waiting for server reply... S: YIGZBgkqhkiG9xIBAgICAG+BiTCBhqADAgEFoQMCAQ+iejB4oAMCARKicQRvkxggi9pW+yJ1ExbTwLDclqw/VQ98aPq8mt39hkO6PPfcO2cB+t6vJ01xRKBrT9D2qF2XK0SWD4PQNb5UFbH4RM/bKAxDuCfZ1MHKgIWTLu4bK7VGZTbYydcckU2d910jIdvkkHhaRqUEM4cqp/cRrecieved 156 byte message C: Waiting for server reply... S: BQQF/wAMAAAAAAAAMBOWqQcACAAlCodrXW66ZObsEd4=recieved 32 byte message Sending response... C: BQQE/wAMAAAAAAAAFUYbXQQACAB0b20VynB4uGH/iIzoRhw= Negotiation complete Username: tom SSF: 56 Waiting for encoded message... S: AAAASgUEB/8AAAAAAAAAADATlqrqrBW0NRfPMXMdMz+zqY32YakrHqFps3o/vO6yDeyPSaSqprrhI+t7owk7iOsbrZ/idJRxCBm8Wazxrecieved 78 byte message recieved decoded message 'srv message 1' sending encrypted message 'client message 1' C: AAAATQUEBv8AAAAAAAAAABVGG17WC1+/kIV9xTMUdq6Y4qYmmTahHVCjidgGchTOOOrBLEwA9IqiTCdRFPVbK1EgJ34P/vxMQpV1v4WZpczt

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• Ubuntu 10.04: OpenVZ Kernel and pure-ftpd issues on HOST (no guest setup yet)

  - by Seidr

  After compiling and installing the OpenVZ flavour of kernel under Ubuntu 10.04, I am unable to browse to certain directories when connecting to the pure-ftpd server. The clients are dropping into PASSIVE mode, which is fine. This behaviour was happening before the change of kernel, however now when I browse to certain directories the connection just gets dropped. This only happens with a few directories under one login (web in specific), where as with another login it happens as soon as I connect. I've got the nf_conntrack_ftp kernel module installed (required to keep track of passive FTP connections as I understand, and an alias of the ip_conntrack_ftp module), however this has provided no alleviation of my problem. This module was actually required upon initial setup of my OS to get passive FTP working correctly, however when I compiled the OpenVZ kernel a lot of these modules were missing (iptables, conntrack etc). I recompiled the kernel with the missing modules, but to no effect. I've turned verbosity for the pure-ftpd server up, and still no clues have been spotted in either syslog or the transfer log. Neither did an strace provide any clues (that I could discern anyway) - although one strange thing is both in the output to the client and in the strace I notice that it does infact probe the directory and return the number of matches - it just fails after that. One more thing to mention is that if I FTP using the same credentials locally, everything works fine. This suggests that it is in fact an issue with either the conntrack_ftp module not functioning as expected, or a deeper networking issue. The Kernel was compiled and installed following the instructions at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OpenVZ - bar the changes to the Kernel configuration (such as add iptables as a module). Below is an example of the log sent to the data (under FileZilla). Status: Resolving address of xxxx.co.uk Status: Connecting to 78.46.xxx.xxx:21... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220---------- Welcome to Pure-FTPd [privsep] [TLS] ---------- Response: 220-You are user number 4 of 10 allowed. Response: 220-Local time is now 08:52. Server port: 21. Response: 220-This is a private system - No anonymous login Response: 220-IPv6 connections are also welcome on this server. Response: 220 You will be disconnected after 15 minutes of inactivity. Command: USER xxx Response: 331 User xxx OK. Password required Command: PASS ******** Response: 230-User xxx has group access to: client1 sshusers Response: 230 OK. Current restricted directory is / Command: OPTS UTF8 ON Response: 200 OK, UTF-8 enabled Status: Connected Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: PWD Response: 257 "/" is your current location Status: Directory listing successful Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: CWD /web Response: 250 OK. Current directory is /web Command: TYPE I Response: 200 TYPE is now 8-bit binary Command: PORT 10,0,2,30,14,143 Response: 500 I won't open a connection to 10.0.2.30 (only to 188.220.xxx.xxx) Command: PASV Response: 227 Entering Passive Mode (78,46,79,147,234,110) Command: MLSD Response: 150 Accepted data connection Response: 226-ASCII Response: 226-Options: -a -l Response: 226 57 matches total Error: Could not read from transfer socket: ECONNRESET - Connection reset by peer Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing Any suggestions please? I'm willing to try anything!

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• Apache Mod_rewrite rule working on one server, but not another

  - by Mason

  I am using mod_jk and mod_rewrite on httpd 2.2.15. I have a rule.... RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/video/play\.xhtml.* RewriteRule ^/video/(.*) /video/play.xhtml?vid=$1 [PT] I just want to rewrite something like /video/videoidhere to /video/play.xhtml?vid=videoidhere This works perfectly on my developer machine, but on production I get a 404 (generated by Jboss, not Apache). here is the tail of access.log and rewrite.log on prod (broken). the rewrite.log is exactly the same on dev(working) applying pattern '^/video/(.*)' to uri '/video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' RewriteCond: input='/video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' pattern='!^/video/play\.xhtml.*' => matched rewrite '/video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' -> '/video/play.xhtml?vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b' split uri=/video/play.xhtml?vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b -> uri=/video/play.xhtml, args=vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b forcing '/video/play.xhtml' to get passed through to next API URI-to-filename handler "GET /video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b HTTP/1.1" 404 420 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US; rv:1.9.2.6) Gecko/20100628 Ubuntu/10.04 (lucid) Firefox/3.6.6" I can access http://www.fivi.com/video/play.xhtml?vid=46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b but not /video/46279d4daf5440b2844ec831413dcc3b Both server are even using the EXACT same httpd.conf, and modules. I built Apache with... ./configure --prefix /usr/local/apache2.2.15 --enable-alias --enable-rewrite --enable-cache --enable-disk_cache --enable-mem_cache --enable-ssl --enable-deflate Thanks, Mason ----UPDATE---- -mod-jk.conf JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache2.2.15/conf/workers.properties JkLogFile /var/log/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel info JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]" JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompatUnparsed -ForwardDirectories JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T" JkShmFile run/jk.shm <Location /jkstatus> JkMount status Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 </Location> -workers.properties worker.node1.port=8009 worker.node1.host=75.102.10.74 worker.node1.type=ajp13 worker.node1.lbfactor=20 worker.node1.ping_mode=A #As of mod_jk 1.2.27 worker.node2.port=8009 worker.node2.host=75.102.10.75 worker.node2.type=ajp13 worker.node2.lbfactor=10 worker.node2.ping_mode=A #As of mod_jk 1.2.27 worker.loadbalancer.type=lb worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=node2,node1 worker.loadbalancer.sticky_session=True worker.status.type=status -httpd.conf ServerName www.fivi.com:80 Include /usr/local/apache2.2.15/conf/mod-jk.conf NameVirtualHost * <VirtualHost *> ServerName * DocumentRoot /usr/local/apache2/htdocs JkUnMount /* loadbalancer RedirectMatch 301 /(.*) http://www.fivi.com/$1 </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> ServerName www.fivi.com ServerAlias www.fivi.com images.fivi.com JkMount /* loadbalancer JkMount / loadbalancer [root@fivi conf]# /usr/local/apache2.2.15/bin/httpd -M Loaded Modules: core_module (static) authn_file_module (static) authn_default_module (static) authz_host_module (static) authz_groupfile_module (static) authz_user_module (static) authz_default_module (static) auth_basic_module (static) cache_module (static) disk_cache_module (static) mem_cache_module (static) include_module (static) filter_module (static) deflate_module (static) log_config_module (static) env_module (static) headers_module (static) setenvif_module (static) version_module (static) ssl_module (static) mpm_prefork_module (static) http_module (static) mime_module (static) status_module (static) autoindex_module (static) asis_module (static) cgi_module (static) negotiation_module (static) dir_module (static) actions_module (static) userdir_module (static) alias_module (static) rewrite_module (static) so_module (static) jk_module (shared) Syntax OK

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• Setting up Apache and PHP on Mac OS X Snow Leopard

  - by Martin Bean

  I've recently purchased an Apple iMac. Unfortunately, enabling Apache and PHP has thrown up some problems. I enabled Mac's built-in Web Sharing through System Preferences, at which point I got an output and could add HTML files to my user directory. However, PHP files were being displayed rather than interpreted. I then discovered this is because PHP isn't enabled by default on Mac's Apache set-up. After a quick Google search, I came across this page: http://developer.apple.com/mac/articles/internet/phpeasyway.html I proceeded to the section, Enabling PHP in Apache, copying and pasting the following code snippet into a new Terminal window and hitting Return: set admin_email to (do shell script "defaults read AddressBookMe ExistingEmailAddress") user_www=$HOME/Sites filename=php-test user_index=${user_www}/${filename}.php user_db=${user_www}/${filename}-db.sqlite3 # NOTE: Having a writeable database in your home directory can be a security risk! conf=`apachectl -V | awk -F= '/SERVER_CONFIG/ {print \$2}'| sed 's/"//g'` conf_old=$conf.$$ conf_new=/tmp/php_conf.new touch $user_db chmod a+r $user_index chmod a+w $user_db chmod a+w $user_www echo "Enabling PHP in $conf ..." sed '/#LoadModule php5_module/s/#LoadModule/LoadModule/' $conf | sed "s^[email protected]^<b>\$admin_email</b>^" > $conf_new echo "(Re)Starting Apache ..." osascript <<EOF do shell script "/bin/mv -f $conf $conf_old; /bin/mv $conf_new $conf; /usr/sbin/apachectl restart" with administrator privileges EOF Unfortunately, this has completed thrown Apache and now nothing is being served; instead I'm receiving "Failed to open page" errors because it cannot connect to the server, despite Web Sharing still being active in System Preferences. So therefore I guess my question is this: how can I undo the changes made by the copy-and-pasting of the above code snippet? Admittedly, I don't understand what the above did; I just thought it looked like a Terminal command and tried it. I have no experience in setting up Apache on Mac OS X (and I've only installed XAMPP and WampServer on Windows). So any points on reversing the aforementioned, and then successfully enabling PHP would be great. EDIT: I've discovered, via Console, the following error message is being recorded when trying to browse to 127.0.0.1... (org.apache.httpd) Throttling respawn: Will start in 10 seconds no listening sockets available, shutting down Unable to open logs (org.apache.httpd[13453]) Exited with exit code: 1 Does this point any more to the issue? EDIT #2: I'm now getting this in Console... 15/02/2010 21:24:14 osascript[3597] Error loading /Library/ScriptingAdditions/Adobe Unit Types.osax/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Unit Types: dlopen(/Library/ScriptingAdditions/Adobe Unit Types.osax/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Unit Types, 262): no suitable image found. Did find: /Library/ScriptingAdditions/Adobe Unit Types.osax/Contents/MacOS/Adobe Unit Types: no matching architecture in universal wrapper

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• How to Reinstalling MSSQL Server 2008 with SP1? (Windows 7)

  - by n10i

  I am using Windows 7 Ultimate x64. I had earlier installed SQL server 2008 with SP1 with Visual Studio 2008 Team System with sp1. Now that VS2010 is out I wanted to install it so I uninstalled visual studio then MSSLQ Server 2008 SP1 and then SQL Server 2008 as suggested here: h**p://mark.michaelis.net/Blog/SQLServer2008InstallNightmare.aspx But now when I try to reinstall it I am unable to get it right I am getting the ERROR: “Attempted to perform an unauthorized operation.” (Following is part of the log file): 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Sco: Attempting to replace account with sid in security descriptor D:(A;CI;KR;;;S-1-5-21-2213424280-2581054173-1939225444-1027) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: ReplaceAccountWithSidInSddl -- SDDL to be processed: D:(A;CI;KR;;;S-1-5-21-2213424280-2581054173-1939225444-1027) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: ReplaceAccountWithSidInSddl -- SDDL to be returned: D:(A;CI;KR;;;S-1-5-21-2213424280-2581054173-1939225444-1027) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Prompting user if they want to retry this action due to the following failure: 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: ---------------------------------------- 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: The following is an exception stack listing the exceptions in outermost to innermost order 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Inner exceptions are being indented 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Exception type: Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Sco.ScoException 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Message: 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Attempted to perform an unauthorized operation. 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Data: 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: WatsonData = Microsoft SQL Server 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: DisableRetry = true 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Inner exception type: System.UnauthorizedAccessException 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Message: 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Attempted to perform an unauthorized operation. 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: Stack: 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: at System.Security.AccessControl.Win32.GetSecurityInfo(ResourceType resourceType, String name, SafeHandle handle, AccessControlSections accessControlSections, RawSecurityDescriptor& resultSd) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: at System.Security.AccessControl.NativeObjectSecurity.CreateInternal(ResourceType resourceType, Boolean isContainer, String name, SafeHandle handle, AccessControlSections includeSections, Boolean createByName, ExceptionFromErrorCode exceptionFromErrorCode, Object exceptionContext) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: at Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Sco.SqlRegistrySecurity..ctor(ResourceType resourceType, SafeRegistryHandle handle, AccessControlSections includeSections) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: at Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Sco.SqlRegistrySecurity.Create(InternalRegistryKey key) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: at Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Sco.InternalRegistryKey.SetSecurityDescriptor(String sddl, Boolean overwrite) 2010-04-16 04:54:57 Slp: ---------------------------------------- 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: User has chosen to cancel this action 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Watson Bucket 2 Original Parameter Values 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Parameter 0 : SQL2008@RTM@ 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Parameter 2 : System.Security.AccessControl.Win32.GetSecurityInfo 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Parameter 3 : Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Sco.ScoException@1211@1 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Parameter 4 : System.UnauthorizedAccessException@-2147024891 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Parameter 5 : SqlBrowserConfigAction_install_ConfigNonRC 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Parameter 7 : Microsoft SQL Server 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Parameter 8 : Microsoft SQL Server 2010-04-16 10:37:19 Slp: Final Parameter Values I have googled around for the error given error but all I could find is to regedit and reset permissions on certain reg keys but I don’t see any reg keys with access problem in the log file the log file can be download here: http://www.mediafire.com/?dznizytjznn. Please guys help me out here I am a developer and I cannot afford an OS reinstallation! Thanks in advance…

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• Sysadmin 101: How can I figure out why my server crashes and monitor performance?

  - by bflora

  I have a Drupal-powered site that seems to have neverending performance problems. It was butt-slow about 5 months ago. I brought in some guys who installed nginx for anonymous visitors, ajaxified a few queries so they wouldn't fire during page load, and helped me find a few bottlenecks in the code. For about a month, the site was significantly faster, though not "fast" by any stretch of the word. Meanwhile, I'm now shelling out $400/month to Slicehost to host a site that gets less than 5,000/uniques a day. Yes, you read that right. Go Drupal. Recently the site started crashing again and is slow again. I can't afford to hire people to come in, study my code from top to bottom, and make changes that may or may not help anymore. And I can't afford to throw more hardware at the problem. So I need to figure out what the problem is myself. Questions: When apache crashes, is it possible to find out what caused it to crash? There has to be a way, right? If so, how can I do this? Is there software I can use that will tell me which process caused my server to die? (e.g. "Apache crashed because someone visited page X." or "Apache crashed because you were importing too many RSS items from feed X.") There's got to be a way to learn this, right? What's a good, noob-friendly way to monitor my current apache performance? My developer friends tell me to "just use Top, dude," but Top shows me a bunch of numbers without any context. I have no clue what qualifies as a bad number or a good number in Top, or which processes are relevant and which aren't. Are there any noob-friendly server monitoring tools out there? Ideally, I could have a page that would give me a color-coded indicator about how apache is performing and then show me a list of processes or pages that are sucking right now. This way, I could know when performance is bad and then what's causing it to be so bad. Why does PHP memory matter? My apparently has a 30MB memory foot print. Will it run faster if I bring that number down? Thanks for any advice. I spent a year or so trying to boost my advertising income so I could hire a contractor to solve my performance woes. I didn't want to have to learn all this sysadmin voodoo. I'm now resigned to the fact that might not have a choice.

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• Configuring gmail for use on mailing lists

  - by reemrevnivek

  This is really two questions in one. First, are nettiquette guidelines still accurate in their restrictions on ASCII vs. HTML, posting style, and line length? (Here's a recent metafilter discussion of the topic.) Second, If they are not, should these guidelines be respected? If they are (or if they should still be respected), how can modern mail programs be configured to work properly with them? Most mailing list etiquette statements appear to have been written by sysadmins who loved their command lines, and refuse to change anything. Many still reference rfc1855, written in 1995. Just reading that paginated TXT should give you an idea of the climate at the time. Here's a short, fairly random list of mailing list etiquette statements with some extracted formatting guidelines: Mozilla - HTML discouraged, interleaved posting. FreeBSD - No HTML, don't top post, line length at 75 characters. Fedora - No HTML, bottom-post. You get the idea. You've all seen etiquette statements before. So, assuming that the rules should be obeyed (Usually a good idea), what can be done to allow me to still use a modern mail program, and exchange mail with friends who use the same programs? We like to format our mail. Bold headings, code snippets (sometimes syntax highlighted, if the copy-paste pulls RTF text as from XCOde and Eclipse), free line breaks determined by your browser width, and the (very) occasional image make the message easier to read. Threaded conversations are a wonderful thing. Broadband connections are, I'm sure, the rule for most of the users of SU and of developer mailing lists, disk space is cheap, and so the overhead of HTML is laughable. However, I don't want to post a question to a mailing list and have the guru who can answer my question automatically delete it, or come off as uncaring. Until I hear otherwise, I'll continue to respect the rules as best I can. For a common example of the problem, Gmail, by default, sends HTML formatted messages with bottom-posted quotes (which are folded in, just read the last message immediately above), and uses the frame width to wrap lines, rather than a character count. ASCII can be selected, and quotes can be moved and reversed, but line wraps of quotes don't work, line breaks are tedious to add (and more tedious to read, if they're super small in comparison to the width of the frame). Is there a forwarding, free mail program which can help with this exercise? Should an "RFC1855 mode" lab be written? Or do I have to go to the command line for my mailing lists, and gmail for my other mail?

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• Set up lnux box for hosting a-z

  - by microchasm

  I am in the process of reinstalling the OS on a machine that will be used to host a couple of apps for our business. The apps will be local only; access from external clients will be via vpn only. The prior setup used a hosting control panel (Plesk) for most of the admin, and I was looking at using another similar piece of software for the reinstall - but I figured I should finally learn how it all works. I can do most of the things the software would do for me, but am unclear on the symbiosis of it all. This is all an attempt to further distance myself from the land of Configuration Programmer/Programmer, if at all possible. I can't find a full walkthrough anywhere for what I'm looking for, so I thought I'd put up this question, and if people can help me on the way I will edit this with the answers, and document my progress/pitfalls. Hopefully someday this will help someone down the line. The details: CentOS 5.5 x86_64 httpd: Apache/2.2.3 mysql: 5.0.77 (to be upgraded) php: 5.1 (to be upgraded) The requirements: SECURITY!! Secure file transfer Secure client access (SSL Certs and CA) Secure data storage Virtualhosts/multiple subdomains Local email would be nice, but not critical The Steps: Download latest CentOS DVD-iso (torrent worked great for me). Install CentOS: While going through the install, I checked the Server Components option thinking I was going to be using another Plesk-like admin. In hindsight, considering I've decided to try to go my own way, this probably wasn't the best idea. Basic config: Setup users, networking/ip address etc. Yum update/upgrade. Upgrade PHP: To upgrade PHP to the latest version, I had to look to another repo outside CentOS. IUS looks great and I'm happy I found it! cd /tmp #wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm #rpm -Uvh epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm #wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm #rpm -Uvh ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm yum list | grep -w \.ius\. [will list all packages available in the IUS repo] rpm -qa | grep php [will list installed packages needed to be removed. the installed packages need to be removed before you can install the IUS packages otherwise there will be conflicts] #yum shell >remove php-gd php-cli php-odbc php-mbstring php-pdo php php-xml php-common php-ldap php-mysql php-imap Setting up Remove Process >install php53 php53-mcrypt php53-mysql php53-cli php53-common php53-ldap php53-imap php53-devel >transaction solve >transaction run Leaving Shell #php -v PHP 5.3.2 (cli) (built: Apr 6 2010 18:13:45) This process removes the old version of PHP and installs the latest. To upgrade mysql: Pretty much the same process as above with PHP #/etc/init.d/mysqld stop [OK] rpm -qa | grep mysql [installed mysql packages] #yum shell >remove mysql mysql-server Setting up Remove Process >install mysql51 mysql51-server mysql51-devel >transaction solve >transaction run Leaving Shell #service mysqld start [OK] #mysql -v Server version: 5.1.42-ius Distributed by The IUS Community Project The above upgrade instructions courtesy of IUS wiki: http://wiki.iuscommunity.org/Doc/ClientUsageGuide Create a chroot jail to hold sftp user via rssh. This will force SCP/SFTP and will circumvent traditional FTP server setup. #cd /tmp #wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rssh/rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm #rpm -ivh rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm #useradd -m -d /home/dev -s /usr/bin/rssh dev #passwd dev Edit /etc/rssh.conf to grant access to SFTP to rssh users. #vi /etc/rssh.conf Uncomment line allowscp This allows me to connect to the machine via SFTP protocol in Transmit (my FTP program of choice; I'm sure it's similar with other FTP apps). Above instructions for SFTP appropriated (with appreciation!) from http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-unix-restrict-shell-access-with-rssh.html And this is where I'm at. I will keep editing this as I make progress. Any tips on how to Configure virtual interfaces/ip based virtual hosts for SSL, setting up a CA, or anything else would be appreciated.

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• Severe mysqldump performance degradation using Centos Linux, 8GB PAE and MySQL 5.0.77

  - by Duncan Harris

  We use MySQL 5.0.77 on CentOS 5.5 on VMWare: Linux dev.ic.soschildrensvillages.org.uk 2.6.18-194.11.4.el5PAE #1 SMP Tue Sep 21 05:48:23 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux We have recently upgraded from 4GB RAM to 8GB. When we did this the time of our mysqldump overnight backup jumped from under 10 minutes to over 2 hours. It also caused unresponsiveness on our plone based web site due to database load. The dump is using the optimized mysqldump format and is spooled directly through a socket to another server. Any ideas on what we could do to fix gratefully appreciated. Would a MySQL upgrade help? Anything we can do to MySQL config? Anything we can do to Linux config? Or do we have to add another server or go to 64-bit? We ran a previous (non-virtual) server on 6GB PAE and didn't notice a similar issue. This was on same MySQL version, but Centos 4.4. Server config file: [mysqld] port=3307 socket=/tmp/mysql_live.sock wait_timeout=31536000 interactive_timeout=31536000 datadir=/var/mysql/live/data user=mysql max_connections = 200 max_allowed_packet = 64M table_cache = 2048 binlog_cache_size = 128K max_heap_table_size = 32M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M lower_case_table_names = 1 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_size=1G innodb_log_file_size=300M innodb_log_buffer_size=8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 innodb_file_per_table [mysqldump] # Do not buffer the whole result set in memory before writing it to # file. Required for dumping very large tables quick max_allowed_packet = 64M [mysqld_safe] # Increase the amount of open files allowed per process. Warning: Make # sure you have set the global system limit high enough! The high value # is required for a large number of opened tables open-files-limit = 8192 Server variables: mysql> show variables; +---------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ | auto_increment_increment | 1 | | auto_increment_offset | 1 | | automatic_sp_privileges | ON | | back_log | 50 | | basedir | /usr/local/mysql-5.0.77-linux-i686-glibc23/ | | binlog_cache_size | 131072 | | bulk_insert_buffer_size | 8388608 | | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql-5.0.77-linux-i686-glibc23/share/mysql/charsets/ | | collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | | completion_type | 0 | | concurrent_insert | 1 | | connect_timeout | 10 | | datadir | /var/mysql/live/data/ | | date_format | %Y-%m-%d | | datetime_format | %Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s | | default_week_format | 0 | | delay_key_write | ON | | delayed_insert_limit | 100 | | delayed_insert_timeout | 300 | | delayed_queue_size | 1000 | | div_precision_increment | 4 | | keep_files_on_create | OFF | | engine_condition_pushdown | OFF | | expire_logs_days | 0 | | flush | OFF | | flush_time | 0 | | ft_boolean_syntax | + -><()~*:""&| | | ft_max_word_len | 84 | | ft_min_word_len | 4 | | ft_query_expansion_limit | 20 | | ft_stopword_file | (built-in) | | group_concat_max_len | 1024 | | have_archive | YES | | have_bdb | NO | | have_blackhole_engine | YES | | have_compress | YES | | have_crypt | YES | | have_csv | YES | | have_dynamic_loading | YES | | have_example_engine | NO | | have_federated_engine | YES | | have_geometry | YES | | have_innodb | YES | | have_isam | NO | | have_merge_engine | YES | | have_ndbcluster | DISABLED | | have_openssl | DISABLED | | have_ssl | DISABLED | | have_query_cache | YES | | have_raid | NO | | have_rtree_keys | YES | | have_symlink | YES | | hostname | app.ic.soschildrensvillages.org.uk | | init_connect | | | init_file | | | init_slave | | | innodb_additional_mem_pool_size | 1048576 | | innodb_autoextend_increment | 8 | | innodb_buffer_pool_awe_mem_mb | 0 | | innodb_buffer_pool_size | 1073741824 | | innodb_checksums | ON | | innodb_commit_concurrency | 0 | | innodb_concurrency_tickets | 500 | | innodb_data_file_path | ibdata1:10M:autoextend | | innodb_data_home_dir | | | innodb_adaptive_hash_index | ON | | innodb_doublewrite | ON | | innodb_fast_shutdown | 1 | | innodb_file_io_threads | 4 | | innodb_file_per_table | ON | | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 | | innodb_flush_method | | | innodb_force_recovery | 0 | | innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 | | innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog | OFF | | innodb_log_arch_dir | | | innodb_log_archive | OFF | | innodb_log_buffer_size | 8388608 | | innodb_log_file_size | 314572800 | | innodb_log_files_in_group | 2 | | innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ | | innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct | 90 | | innodb_max_purge_lag | 0 | | innodb_mirrored_log_groups | 1 | | innodb_open_files | 300 | | innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF | | innodb_support_xa | ON | | innodb_sync_spin_loops | 20 | | innodb_table_locks | ON | | innodb_thread_concurrency | 8 | | innodb_thread_sleep_delay | 10000 | | interactive_timeout | 31536000 | | join_buffer_size | 2097152 | | key_buffer_size | 8384512 | | key_cache_age_threshold | 300 | | key_cache_block_size | 1024 | | key_cache_division_limit | 100 | | language | /usr/local/mysql-5.0.77-linux-i686-glibc23/share/mysql/english/ | | large_files_support | ON | | large_page_size | 0 | | large_pages | OFF | | lc_time_names | en_US | | license | GPL | | local_infile | ON | | locked_in_memory | OFF | | log | OFF | | log_bin | OFF | | log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF | | log_error | | | log_queries_not_using_indexes | OFF | | log_slave_updates | OFF | | log_slow_queries | OFF | | log_warnings | 1 | | long_query_time | 10 | | low_priority_updates | OFF | | lower_case_file_system | OFF | | lower_case_table_names | 1 | | max_allowed_packet | 67108864 | | max_binlog_cache_size | 4294963200 | | max_binlog_size | 1073741824 | | max_connect_errors | 10 | | max_connections | 200 | | max_delayed_threads | 20 | | max_error_count | 64 | | max_heap_table_size | 33554432 | | max_insert_delayed_threads | 20 | | max_join_size | 18446744073709551615 | | max_length_for_sort_data | 1024 | | max_prepared_stmt_count | 16382 | | max_relay_log_size | 0 | | max_seeks_for_key | 4294967295 | | max_sort_length | 1024 | | max_sp_recursion_depth | 0 | | max_tmp_tables | 32 | | max_user_connections | 0 | | max_write_lock_count | 4294967295 | | multi_range_count | 256 | | myisam_data_pointer_size | 6 | | myisam_max_sort_file_size | 2146435072 | | myisam_recover_options | OFF | | myisam_repair_threads | 1 | | myisam_sort_buffer_size | 8388608 | | myisam_stats_method | nulls_unequal | | ndb_autoincrement_prefetch_sz | 1 | | ndb_force_send | ON | | ndb_use_exact_count | ON | | ndb_use_transactions | ON | | ndb_cache_check_time | 0 | | ndb_connectstring | | | net_buffer_length | 16384 | | net_read_timeout | 30 | | net_retry_count | 10 | | net_write_timeout | 60 | | new | OFF | | old_passwords | OFF | | open_files_limit | 8192 | | optimizer_prune_level | 1 | | optimizer_search_depth | 62 | | pid_file | /var/mysql/live/mysqld.pid | | plugin_dir | | | port | 3307 | | preload_buffer_size | 32768 | | profiling | OFF | | profiling_history_size | 15 | | protocol_version | 10 | | query_alloc_block_size | 8192 | | query_cache_limit | 1048576 | | query_cache_min_res_unit | 4096 | | query_cache_size | 0 | | query_cache_type | ON | | query_cache_wlock_invalidate | OFF | | query_prealloc_size | 8192 | | range_alloc_block_size | 4096 | | read_buffer_size | 131072 | | read_only | OFF | | read_rnd_buffer_size | 262144 | | relay_log | | | relay_log_index | | | relay_log_info_file | relay-log.info | | relay_log_purge | ON | | relay_log_space_limit | 0 | | rpl_recovery_rank | 0 | | secure_auth | OFF | | secure_file_priv | | | server_id | 0 | | skip_external_locking | ON | | skip_networking | OFF | | skip_show_database | OFF | | slave_compressed_protocol | OFF | | slave_load_tmpdir | /tmp/ | | slave_net_timeout | 3600 | | slave_skip_errors | OFF | | slave_transaction_retries | 10 | | slow_launch_time | 2 | | socket | /tmp/mysql_live.sock | | sort_buffer_size | 2097152 | | sql_big_selects | ON | | sql_mode | | | sql_notes | ON | | sql_warnings | OFF | | ssl_ca | | | ssl_capath | | | ssl_cert | | | ssl_cipher | | | ssl_key | | | storage_engine | MyISAM | | sync_binlog | 0 | | sync_frm | ON | | system_time_zone | GMT | | table_cache | 2048 | | table_lock_wait_timeout | 50 | | table_type | MyISAM | | thread_cache_size | 0 | | thread_stack | 196608 | | time_format | %H:%i:%s | | time_zone | SYSTEM | | timed_mutexes | OFF | | tmp_table_size | 33554432 | | tmpdir | /tmp/ | | transaction_alloc_block_size | 8192 | | transaction_prealloc_size | 4096 | | tx_isolation | REPEATABLE-READ | | updatable_views_with_limit | YES | | version | 5.0.77 | | version_comment | MySQL Community Server (GPL) | | version_compile_machine | i686 | | version_compile_os | pc-linux-gnu | | wait_timeout | 31536000 | +---------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ 237 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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• System Requirements of a write-heavy applications serving hundreds of requests per second

  - by Rolando Cruz

  NOTE: I am a self-taught PHP developer who has little to none experience managing web and database servers. I am about to write a web-based attendance system for a very large userbase. I expect around 1000 to 1500 users logged-in at the same time making at least 1 request every 10 seconds or so for a span of 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week. So it's more or less 100 requests per second, or at the very worst 1000 requests in a second (average of 16 concurrent requests? But it could be higher given the short timeframe that users will make these requests. crosses fingers to avoid 100 concurrent requests). I expect two types of transactions, a local (not referring to a local network) and a foreign transaction. local transactions basically download userdata in their locality and cache it for 1 - 2 weeks. Attendance equests will probably be two numeric strings only: userid and eventid. foreign transactions are for attendance of those do not belong in the current locality. This will pass in the following data instead: (numeric) locality_id, (string) full_name. Both requests are done in Ajax so no HTML data included, only JSON. Both type of requests expect at the very least a single numeric response from the server. I think there will be a 50-50 split on the frequency of local and foreign transactions, but there's only a few bytes of difference anyways in the sizes of these transactions. As of this moment the userid may only reach 6 digits and eventid are 4 to 5-digit integers too. I expect my users table to have at least 400k rows, and the event table to have as many as 10k rows, a locality table with at least 1500 rows, and my main attendance table to increase by 400k rows (based on the number of users in the users table) a day for 3 days a week (1.2M rows a week). For me, this sounds big. But is this really that big? Or can this be handled by a single server (not sure about the server specs yet since I'll probably avail of a VPS from ServInt or others)? I tried to read on multiple server setups Heatbeat, DRBD, master-slave setups. But I wonder if they're really necessary. the users table will add around 500 1k rows a week. If this can't be handled by a single server, then if I am to choose a MySQL replication topology, what would be the best setup for this case? Sorry, if I sound vague or the question is too wide. I just don't know what to ask or what do you want to know at this point.

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• Scoping a home dev server

  - by AbhikRK

  Hi. I’m looking to build a multi-purpose home development server. In this post, I’m looking to outline what I want from such a system, and the ‘why’s of it, to some limited extent, and finally, some rudiments of how I’m looking to go about that. I’m mostly a developer, with just about some sysadmin familiarity. So, please excuse, correct me, and suggest on any ignorance which would come across in the following ;-) It will serve the following goals to start with:- NAS (Looking at using ZFS) Source control repo e.g Git server Database e.g MySQL server Continuous Integration e.g Hudson server Other stuff as and when they come up e.g RabbitMQ etc A development sandbox to play around with new stuff I want to achieve a high uptime for 2-5 as much as possible. They should run as independent services and with minimal maintenance. (e.g TurnKey Linux appliances) I’m thinking of running them as individual Xen DomUs. Then, maybe the NAS can be a Dom0 and 6 can be another DomU. The User for this would be mostly me. I can see 2-4 being sometimes used by 2-3 users, but that would be infrequent. I’m looking for a repeatable setup. Ideally I’d like to automate this setup through Chef or Puppet or something similar. Once everything runs, I want to be able to ssh/screen/tmux into 1-6 from my laptop or any other computer on the LAN/on-the-go. My queries are:- Is putting 1-6, all of them on a single box, a good idea? If so, what kind of hardware should I be looking at, for a low-cost, low-power setup? Although not at present, but in future I might be looking at adding audio/media servers to the mix. Would that impact the answers to 1? I have an old Pentium 3 and 810e motherboard combination. Is there any way I could put it to use? I had a look at the Sheevaplug, and was wondering if I could split off the NAS on its own using that. But ruled it out preliminarily due to its reported heating issues. Is it something i should still consider? Thanks in advance

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• Legacy VB6 application under Win7 SQL error

  - by Shial

  We have a rather unfortunate legacy application at work, written originally in VB6 it predates anybody in our IT department by at least 5 years. We have a contracted developer for ongoing maintenance and where he can he rewrites sections over into .NET code (Not sure about his techniques here, this is a side job for his regular work as an IBM engineer) the application works fine (such as it is) under windows XP. We have only a couple of Windows 7 machines mainly for testing and this application seems to run into a wall. Things like the background not loading and SQL errors. This is even running under administrator. Running an SQL trace from the ODBC control panel shows several interesting things. It makes a connection to the database successfully initially where it runs a query to determine if it is running the correct version. This query works fine. 558-1af0 ENTER SQLExecDirectW HSTMT 0x020D7548 WCHAR * 0x04C8F0F0 [ 115] "SELECT count(*) c FROM tblSoftwareVersion WHERE fldSoftwareVersion = '123456' AND fldSoftwareName = 'Application.VB'" SDWORD 115 BMS 558-1af0 EXIT SQLExecDirectW with return code 1 (SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) HSTMT 0x020D7548 WCHAR * 0x04C8F0F0 [ 115] "SELECT count(*) c FROM tblSoftwareVersion WHERE fldSoftwareVersion = '123456' AND fldSoftwareName = 'Application.VB'" SDWORD 115 It then seems to drop its connection and can't find the ODBC connection despite the fact its connecting to the same DB. From the trace it looks like it configures the connection then it starts firing off SQLFreeStmt to unbind and close out then when in the application and it tries to do its thing there is no connection. 558-1af0 ENTER SQLFreeStmt HSTMT 0x020D7548 UWORD 2 <SQL_UNBIND> BMS 558-1af0 EXIT SQLFreeStmt with return code 0 (SQL_SUCCESS) HSTMT 0x020D7548 UWORD 2 <SQL_UNBIND> Then this happens when I try to do something that pulls data 558-1af0 ENTER SQLDriverConnectW HDBC 0x020DDA00 HWND 0x00000000 WCHAR * 0x73EF8634 [ -3] "******\ 0" SWORD -3 WCHAR * 0x73EF8634 SWORD -3 SWORD * 0x00000000 UWORD 0 <SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT> BMS 558-1af0 EXIT SQLDriverConnectW with return code -1 (SQL_ERROR) HDBC 0x020DDA00 HWND 0x00000000 WCHAR * 0x73EF8634 [ -3] "******\ 0" SWORD -3 WCHAR * 0x73EF8634 SWORD -3 SWORD * 0x00000000 UWORD 0 <SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT> DIAG [IM002] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Data source name not found and no default driver specified (0) Nearly all of my searching on this issue comes up with programming issues where the connection string has a problem. The only thing that is different in this particular scenario though is Windows 7, I know the connection string is fine since it works on the XP machines. The VB components are supposed to be still functional under Win7. My computer is running 32 bit win7 and my VP is running Win7 64 bit and both have the same problem so that can be ruled out. I have already tried reinstalling the SQL Native Client and the VB runtime as well as the application in question. Hopefully I can find a solution and not have to resort to using the XP VM.

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• Scoping a home dev server

  - by AbhikRK

  Hi. I’m looking to build a multi-purpose home development server. In this post, I’m looking to outline what I want from such a system, and the ‘why’s of it, to some limited extent, and finally, some rudiments of how I’m looking to go about that. I’m mostly a developer, with just about some sysadmin familiarity. So, please excuse, correct me, and suggest on any ignorance which would come across in the following ;-) It will serve the following goals to start with:- NAS (Looking at using ZFS) Source control repo e.g Git server Database e.g MySQL server Continuous Integration e.g Hudson server Other stuff as and when they come up e.g RabbitMQ etc A development sandbox to play around with new stuff I want to achieve a high uptime for 2-5 as much as possible. They should run as independent services and with minimal maintenance. (e.g TurnKey Linux appliances) I’m thinking of running them as individual Xen DomUs. Then, maybe the NAS can be a Dom0 and 6 can be another DomU. The User for this would be mostly me. I can see 2-4 being sometimes used by 2-3 users, but that would be infrequent. I’m looking for a repeatable setup. Ideally I’d like to automate this setup through Chef or Puppet or something similar. Once everything runs, I want to be able to ssh/screen/tmux into 1-6 from my laptop or any other computer on the LAN/on-the-go. My queries are:- Is putting 1-6, all of them on a single box, a good idea? If so, what kind of hardware should I be looking at, for a low-cost, low-power setup? Although not at present, but in future I might be looking at adding audio/media servers to the mix. Would that impact the answers to 1? I have an old Pentium 3 and 810e motherboard combination. Is there any way I could put it to use? I had a look at the Sheevaplug, and was wondering if I could split off the NAS on its own using that. But ruled it out preliminarily due to its reported heating issues. Is it something i should still consider? Thanks in advance Have posted this question previously on SuperUser but no responses yet. So was wondering if this is a more apt forum for this.

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• change owner/uid of mount point upon mount

  - by Shiplu

  The scenario is like this. Bob has a computer. It crashed. Now he only has the hdd. The hdd is in ext3 format. He go to his office and told the sys admin John to mount this hdd and put the mount point in his home directory. John used the following fstab entries. # Bobs harddisk /media/TAPE4/Bobs-hdd.img /home/bob/myhdd/windows ntfs ro,loop,offset=32256 0 0 /media/TAPE4/Bobs-hdd.img /home/bob/myhdd/linux ext3 ro,loop,offset=14048810496 0 0 /media/TAPE4/Bobs-hdd.img /home/bob/myhdd/extra ntfs ro,loop,offset=28015335936 0 0 Bob was happy. He could access his old extra and windows. Specially the Documents and Settings in windows was helpful for him. But he found a problem. He is a web developer and all his websites are in linux/home/bob/public_html directory. When he tried to access that public_html directory he got permission_denied. He executed ls -lh he saw this. drwxr-xr-x 2 john john 4.0K Nov 9 2011 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 3 john john 4.0K Aug 12 2011 Documents drwxr-xr-x 3 john john 4.0K Aug 21 2011 public_html He contacted John thinking he might be mistakenly did this. But John couldn't find a way why this happend? Then one thing came into his mind file system hardly store username. They store uids. So he executed ls -ln drwxr-xr-x 2 1000 1000 4096 Nov 9 2011 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 Aug 12 2011 Documents drwxr-xr-x 3 1000 1000 4096 Aug 21 2011 public_html John thinks 1000 is the first uid on a linux system. As he is the admin of the current system. He created his account first. so Johns uid was 1000. Bob also setup his private system and crated his account first. So Bobs uid was 1000 too. So thats an expected behavior. But problem remains. How can Bob access those websites in public_html?

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• How Hacker Can Access VPS CentOS 6 content?

  - by user2118559

  Just want to understand. Please, correct mistakes and write advices Hacker can access to VPS: 1. Through (using) console terminal, for example, using PuTTY. To access, hacker need to know port number, username and password. Port number hacker can know scanning open ports and try to login. The only way to login as I understand need to know username and password. To block (make more difficult) port scanning, need to use iptables configure /etc/sysconfig/iptables. I followed this https://www.digitalocean.com/community/articles/how-to-setup-a-basic-ip-tables-configuration-on-centos-6 tutorial and got *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [87:4524] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [77:4713] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [77:4713] COMMIT *mangle :PREROUTING ACCEPT [2358:200388] :INPUT ACCEPT [2358:200388] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [2638:477779] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [2638:477779] COMMIT *filter :INPUT DROP [1:40] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [339:56132] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,PSH,ACK,URG NONE -j DROP -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp ! --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,ACK SYN -m state --state NEW -j DROP -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,PSH,ACK,URG FIN,SYN,RST,PSH,ACK,URG -j DROP -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 11.111.11.111/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 11.111.11.111/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT COMMIT Regarding ports that need to be opened. If does not use ssl, then seems must leave open port 80 for website. Then for ssh (default 22) and for ftp (default 21). And set ip address, from which can connect. So if hacker uses other ip address, he can not access even knowing username and password? Regarding emails not sure. If I send email, using Gmail (Send mail as: (Use Gmail to send from your other email addresses)), then port 25 not necessary. For incoming emails at dynadot.com I use Email Forwarding. Does it mean that emails “does not arrive to VPS” (before arriving to VPS, emails are forwarded, for example to Gmail)? If emails does not arrive to VPS, then seems port 110 also not necessary. If use only ssl, must open port 443 and close port 80. Do not understand regarding port 3306 In PuTTY with /bin/netstat -lnp see Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 992/mysqld As understand it is for mysql. But does not remember that I have opened such port (may be when installed mysql, the port is opened automatically?). Mysql is installed on the same server, where all other content. Need to understand regarding port 3306 2. Also hacker may be able access console terminal through VPS hosting provider Control Panel (serial console emergency access). As understand only using console terminal (PuTTY, etc.) can make “global” changes (changes that can not modify with ftp). 3. Hacker can access to my VPS exploiting some hole in my php code and uploading, for example, Trojan. Unfortunately, faced situation that VPS was hacked. As understand it was because I used ZPanel. On VPS ( \etc\zpanel\panel\bin) ) found one php file, that was identified as Trojan by some virus scanners (at virustotal.com). Experimented with the file on local computer (wamp). And appears that hacker can see all content of VPS, rename, delete, upload etc. From my opinion, if in PuTTY use command like chattr +i /etc/php.ini then hacker could not be able to modify php.ini. Is there any other way to get into VPS?

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• Cisco ASA SSL VPN options?

  - by JonH

  Disclaimer: I am not a network admin so I may be wrong here but I thought asking here would help. I'm a developer mainly on the .net framework as well as helping get a mobile intranet app working. Because this app is only allowed to be used on our network I can easily run this app on our wireless network connection within our building. All is fine and dandy but we'd also like to be able to run this mobile app at say a customer plant using VPN software. I thought surely this could be easy as we exclusively use Samsung s4 phones so I thought I'd download Cisco's Samsung any connect software to allow us to VPN...its right on the play store. Sure enough it doesn't work. I mention it to our network admin who says not possible since we have old technology that doesn't support SSL. He mentions we'd have to upgrade all of our hardware, the firewall, etc. to get this to work. We really need VPN on our phones not only for this app but other internal apps, etc. He did mention the following: We can’t upgrade the software on our ASA, because we don’t have enough memory for the new version.  (the asa is very old).  We can’t add more memory, so we would have to get a new firewall, which I have been told I cannot do. In addition he also mentioned: The Samsung AnyConnect client uses SSL to connect.  With the current (old) version of software that our firewall is running, the SSL connections are unreliable.  We need different hardware in order to upgrade our firewall, which we are unable to attain at this time.  This is the same reason that Windows 8 clients are not able to connect. I am curious hence me asking. vpns seem to be fairly simple to setup. What other options do I have aside from making this a public site or web service that consumes this data over the internet as this is a complete no no. What can we do to make this work without that much effort or cost.

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• Coldfusion 8 Application Crashes Under Heavy Load

  - by KM01

  Hello, We have a CF8 app that runs for 20-25 minutes before crashing under heavy load ~ 1200 users. This load is generated by our load testing tool: 1200 users ramped up in 5 mins (approx behavior of our users), running for an hour. We have this app on Solaris 10, Apache 2, JRun 4 and Oracle 10g. Java version is 1.6. During the initial load tests, the thread dumps pointed to monitor deadlocks that pointed to sessions. "jrpp-173": waiting to lock monitor 0x019fdc60 (object 0x6b893530, a java.util.Hashtable), which is held by "scheduler-1" "scheduler-1": waiting to lock monitor 0x026c3ce0 (object 0x6abe2f20, a coldfusion.monitor.memory.SessionMemoryMonitor$TopMemoryUsedSessions), which is held by "jrpp-167" "jrpp-167": waiting to lock monitor 0x019fdc60 (object 0x6b893530, a java.util.Hashtable), which is held by "scheduler-1" We increased the number of sessions relative to the number of CPUs (48 simultaneous threads against 32 CPUs), and the deadlock went away. While varying the simultaneous threads helped a little bit in terms of response time, the CF server still tanked in 20-25 minutes during all of these tests. We ran more thread dumps, and saw a thread locking a monitor, for e.g.: "jrpp-475" prio=3 tid=0x02230800 nid=0x2c5 runnable [0x4397d000] java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE at java.util.HashMap.getEntry(HashMap.java:347) at java.util.HashMap.containsKey(HashMap.java:335) at java.util.HashSet.contains(HashSet.java:184) at coldfusion.monitor.memory.MemoryTracker.onAddObject(MemoryTracker.java:124) at coldfusion.monitor.memory.MemoryTrackerProxy.onReplaceValue(MemoryTrackerProxy.java:598) at coldfusion.monitor.memory.MemoryTrackerProxy.onPut(MemoryTrackerProxy.java:510) at coldfusion.util.CaseInsensitiveMap.put(CaseInsensitiveMap.java:250) at coldfusion.util.FastHashtable.put(FastHashtable.java:43) - locked <0x6f7e1a78> (a coldfusion.runtime.Struct) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage._arrayset(CfJspPage.java:1027) at coldfusion.runtime.CfJspPage._arraySetAt(CfJspPage.java:2117) at cfvalidation2ecfc1052964961$funcSETUSERAUDITDATA.runFunction(/app/docs/apply/cfcs/validation.cfc:377) As you see in the last line above there were several references CFMs and CFCs, and the lines have "cflock" tags, which were scoped to the "application." We (the dev team) then changed them to be scoped to a "name". After more load tests, there is no locking going on and there no deadlocks, but now the application tanks in 7-10 minutes. We've gotten system, network and DB reports from the respective admins, and they are not being taxed; even watched the server stats with server monitor, top, prstat, ran sar reports, etc. So we believe it is an issue with the CF server or maybe the JVM. I am running out of ideas as to what else we can try. Disclaimer: I am not a CF developer or Admin. I am just running the load test, analyzing the reports, threads etc, and sharing the results with the dev and admin teams, and trying the next change, and so on. So far no dice. Has anyone run into something similar? How did you go about diagnosing and troubleshooting? All thoughts and pointers welcome. Thank you for your time! KM

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• Network use of Gaming PC

  - by Matthew Patrick Cashatt

  Background After YEARS of waiting, I built the custom gaming PC of my dreams: Intel i7 - 975 Extreme Edition 3.3ghz (overclocked to 4.0) ATI Radeon 5970 2gb Corsair 256 gb SSD Drive 2 TB Sata II 3.0 7200rpm data drive 12 GB Kingston Hyper-X (1600mhz) DDR3 Windows 7 Ultra 64 bit And so on. . . Problem I hooked this beast up to our home theater and settled in for a great gaming season only to realize a couple of drawbacks: It's hard to accurately wax bad guys using a keyboard in your lap whilst reclined on your couch (and using a wireless keyboard). It's hard to read the text on the screen (i.e. menus, etc). I find that a 1:1 ratio (screen diagonal inch to inch away from screen) is optimum, but using the home theater, it's more like 1:3 which has me squinting unless I sit on the coffee table. The wife always seems to want the TV the same time I do and, unfortunately "Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" and Battlefield BC don't mix. I am losing the battle in the home theater room, but the PC has to stay there (long story). So, this leaves me with the option of playing in my home office which is about 30 feet away from the home theater. I am a software developer so I have a pretty decent set up in my office--multiple 1080p monitors, HP Envy 17 which can run games like Crysis in 720p with out stammering too much. Also, I can game very comfortably at my desk in the office. Still, even though the set up in my office can run games well enough, I don't want to regress to that when I have worked YEARS for an awesome gaming PC that can run everything on ultra high settings. My Question What are my options for running my games on the beastly desktop in the Home Theater, but physically playing in my office about 30 feet away? A really long HDMI cable? LAN/RDC? Details that May Help We have an open crawlspace so running cable from HT room to office is no problem. I already have networked the house with a LAN Any help is GREATLY appreciated. Thanks, Matt

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