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  • Kill window or application just like linux do

    - by UK
    Is there any way to kill or force closed a particular hanging window or hanging application by selecting it with some hotkey? Similar to Ctrl+Alt+Esc and select window in Ubuntu? (I may be misremembering the exact key shortcut used in Ubuntu; I just remember some key combination does that.)

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  • Swap implication in Linux and way to increase it

    - by vimalnath
    I used top command to print this on Linux box: [root@localhost ~]# top top - 23:38:38 up 361 days, 12:16, 2 users, load average: 0.09, 0.06, 0.01 Tasks: 129 total, 2 running, 126 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0% us, 0.2% sy, 0.0% ni, 96.5% id, 3.4% wa, 0.0% hi, 0.0% si Mem: 2074712k total, 1996948k used, 77764k free, 16632k buffers Swap: 1052248k total, 1052248k used, 0k free, 331540k cached I am not sure what Swap:0k free means in the last line. Is this normal behavior for a linux box to have value of 0 Thanks

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  • Can I change a linux swap partition to a file system without losing data?

    - by Diogo
    so I am using ubuntu 11.10, just changed from windows to ubuntu, and one of my file systems, I accidentally set it up as a linux swap partition and now I want to acces my files, as I did in windows, but I do not know any secure way to change that partition to a file system without formating it and loosing the data. Because I do not want to loose the data I have there. Does deleting the partition and mounting it again solve the problem?

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  • Is there a way to revert my Lubuntu to the "Previous Linux version" at the boot menu

    - by hung
    Today, after some auto upgrade i think, my Lubuntu boot to a blank wallpaper and wrong graphich display. If I boot my computer again, instead of select the first line in the boot menu, I select "previous linux version" and select one old version in the list then my computer boot fine. Now, is there a way to revert my linux to that version? Or I will always have to select this when I boot? Thank you very much

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  • why there is a lot change in the hardware support features in different linux os?

    - by TrazerWalker
    i am using lenovo b460 with 3 GB ram and 500 GB hard disk,(no graphics card). when i live boot Linux mint i was able to connect to WiFi.but when i booted up Ubuntu 11.4 i was not able to connect through WiFi.then later i installed Ubuntu 12.4 and then i got connected with WiFi, but after installing icons and themes through my unity i am not able to view the content in the terminal and the WiFi is also not connecting now even after i changed them all back. wireless connectivity

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  • Where can I find comprehensive documentation on the various aspects of Linux?

    - by Fsando
    Whenever a problem pops up in my use of Linux (full time user for 6 years) I start by googling. The simplest (or most common) issues will usually be cleared right away. If it's not in one of those two categories the advise I find tend to be wrong, misguided, obsolete, and if you ask a question here on "ask" you risk being "duplicated" to some superficially similar question. Some issues have haunted me for years until I suddenly hit on the actual developer's documentation (or equivalent) which in a few lines explains how to solve my issue, the correct and consistent way. Whenever that happens I'm always kicking myself: why didn't I just go here to begin with? And the obvious answer is: "I had no idea this was what I was looking for". And for the issues that this hasn't yet happened I'm banging my head: "This ought to be either straight forward or someone tell me it's not doable" So my question is: Are there projects out there trying to collect or list this documentation in a searchable/browseable way. I know there are many very good "if you want this do that" tutorials on Ubuntu but I'm looking for actual documentation. That either are or could be collected in one place (at least conceptually) so that search for information could start in one place. I'm fully aware this is a broad question but if you approach it as: Does gnome have a comprehensive documentation project - where do I find it? Does Ubuntu have a comprehensive documentation project - where do i find it? For example: how exactly does the mime-type association work in Ubuntu and in xubuntu? How exactly are menus created (in Ubuntu: quicklists, xubuntu/gnome: the main menu) How exactly does the rendering process work for compiz/x? (I'm having this issue where windows randomly stops updating until somehow forced to resume (I guess). So for instance where do I look for logs that may indicate the problem. How may I change randr or other settings that may influence this issue. So my point is to organize exact documentation or preferably to find projects that do this already. Thanks! If answers to this question get me started I'm hoping to collect such a list.

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  • QLogic QLE8152 won't link up with a fiber loop

    - by Mike Pennington
    I have a Dell R710 running Debian Linux 6.0 (Squeeze). I installed a QLogic QLE8152 CNA in the PCI-E riser today and I have been trying to get the CNA's ethernet layer to come up after I put a fiber loop on it; I also scoped it with a light meter, and the SFP+ transceiver is getting the correct amount of light. The whole time I have been working on this problem, the lights on the CNA are blinking green at a rate of about 1 flash every 3 seconds. When I plug the fiber into a Juniper EX4500 10GE in a rack next to it, the Juniper's link stays down as well. I have to confess that this is my first wrangling with a CNA, so perhaps I'm doing something fundamentally wrong, but here is what I have found so far... First the basics... [mpenning@Finger ~]$ uname -a Linux Finger 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 3 03:59:20 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux [mpenning@Finger ~]$ cat /etc/issue Debian GNU/Linux 6.0 \n \l [mpenning@Finger ~]$ lspci -v shows that the card is properly installed (physically) 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: QLogic Corp. 10GbE Converged Network Adapter (TCP/IP Networking) (rev 02) Subsystem: QLogic Corp. Device 017e Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 34 I/O ports at e000 [size=256] Memory at df8f0000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Memory at df900000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M] Expansion ROM at df800000 [disabled] [size=256K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [4c] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [88] MSI: Enable- Count=1/32 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [98] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [a0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=8 Masked- Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [138] Device Serial Number 00-c0-dd-ff-fe-1c-53-b4 Capabilities: [144] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: qlge The output from ethtool shows that eth4 is the QLE8152... [mpenning@Finger ~]$ sudo ethtool eth4 Settings for eth4: Supported ports: [ FIBRE ] Supported link modes: 10000baseT/Full Supports auto-negotiation: No Advertised link modes: 10000baseT/Full Advertised pause frame use: No Advertised auto-negotiation: No Speed: 10000Mb/s Duplex: Full Port: FIBRE PHYAD: 0 Transceiver: external Auto-negotiation: on Current message level: 0x000060f7 (24823) Link detected: no [mpenning@Finger ~]$ sudo ethtool -i eth4 driver: qlge version: v1.00.00-b3 firmware-version: v1.35.11 bus-info: 0000:04:00.0 [mpenning@Finger ~]$ Finally, I tried modprobe -r qlge; modprobe -r qla2xxx and then modprobe qla2xxx; modprobe qlge to kick the system again... I don't see a smoking gun in /var/log/messages... Nov 17 19:46:21 finger kernel: [ 6212.298275] qlge 0000:04:00.1: PCI INT B disabled Nov 17 19:46:22 finger kernel: [ 6213.779974] qlge 0000:04:00.0: PCI INT A disabled Nov 17 19:46:33 finger kernel: [ 6224.554074] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: PCI INT D disabled Nov 17 19:46:33 finger kernel: [ 6224.555322] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: PCI INT C disabled Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.625854] QLogic Fibre Channel HBA Driver: 8.03.01-k6 Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.625888] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: PCI INT C -> GSI 35 (level, low) -> IRQ 35 Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.626837] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: MSI-X vector count: 7 Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.626841] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Found an ISP8001, irq 35, iobase 0xffffc90012664000 Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.627113] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Configuring PCI space... Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.639429] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Configure NVRAM parameters... Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.642597] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Verifying loaded RISC code... Nov 17 19:46:54 finger kernel: [ 6245.642708] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: FW: Loading from flash (a0000)... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.273340] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Allocated (64 KB) for FCE... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.273401] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Allocated (64 KB) for EFT... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.273486] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Allocated (1350 KB) for firmware dump... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.273856] scsi9 : qla2xxx Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.274631] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.2: Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.274633] QLogic Fibre Channel HBA Driver: 8.03.01-k6 Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.274634] QLogic QLE8152 - QLogic PCI-Express Dual Channel 10GbE CNA Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.274636] ISP8001: PCIe (5.0GT/s x4) @ 0000:04:00.2 hdma+, host#=9, fw=5.01.04 (8d4) Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.274666] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: PCI INT D -> GSI 37 (level, low) -> IRQ 37 Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.274748] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: MSI-X vector count: 7 Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.274751] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Found an ISP8001, irq 37, iobase 0xffffc900125c4000 Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.275098] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Configuring PCI space... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.287329] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Configure NVRAM parameters... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.290624] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Verifying loaded RISC code... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.290736] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: FW: Loading from flash (a0000)... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.920204] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Allocated (64 KB) for FCE... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.920264] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Allocated (64 KB) for EFT... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.920345] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Allocated (1350 KB) for firmware dump... Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.920749] scsi10 : qla2xxx Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.921715] qla2xxx 0000:04:00.3: Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.921716] QLogic Fibre Channel HBA Driver: 8.03.01-k6 Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.921717] QLogic QLE8152 - QLogic PCI-Express Dual Channel 10GbE CNA Nov 17 19:46:55 finger kernel: [ 6246.921719] ISP8001: PCIe (5.0GT/s x4) @ 0000:04:00.3 hdma+, host#=10, fw=5.01.04 (8d4) Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.519911] qlge 0000:04:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 34 (level, low) -> IRQ 34 Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.533970] qlge 0000:04:00.0: QLogic 10 Gigabit PCI-E Ethernet Driver Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.533975] qlge 0000:04:00.0: Driver name: qlge, Version: v1.00.00-b3. Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.534856] qlge 0000:04:00.0: ql_display_dev_info: Function #0, Port 0, NIC Roll 0, NIC Rev = 1, XG Roll = 0, XG Rev = 1. Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.534860] qlge 0000:04:00.0: ql_display_dev_info: MAC address 00:c0:dd:1c:53:b4 Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.534888] qlge 0000:04:00.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 44 (level, low) -> IRQ 44 Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.549109] qlge 0000:04:00.1: ql_display_dev_info: Function #1, Port 1, NIC Roll 0, NIC Rev = 1, XG Roll = 0, XG Rev = 1. Nov 17 19:46:58 finger kernel: [ 6249.549112] qlge 0000:04:00.1: ql_display_dev_info: MAC address 00:c0:dd:1c:53:b6 Any assistance getting a link up on this is greatly appreciated...

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  • Strange Recurrent Excessive I/O Wait

    - by Chris
    I know quite well that I/O wait has been discussed multiple times on this site, but all the other topics seem to cover constant I/O latency, while the I/O problem we need to solve on our server occurs at irregular (short) intervals, but is ever-present with massive spikes of up to 20k ms a-wait and service times of 2 seconds. The disk affected is /dev/sdb (Seagate Barracuda, for details see below). A typical iostat -x output would at times look like this, which is an extreme sample but by no means rare: iostat (Oct 6, 2013) tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.00 0.00 156.00 9.75 21.89 288.12 36.00 57.60 5.50 0.00 44.00 8.00 48.79 2194.18 181.82 100.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 46.49 3397.00 500.00 100.00 4.50 0.00 40.00 8.89 43.73 5581.78 222.22 100.00 14.50 0.00 148.00 10.21 13.76 5909.24 68.97 100.00 1.50 0.00 12.00 8.00 8.57 7150.67 666.67 100.00 0.50 0.00 4.00 8.00 6.31 10168.00 2000.00 100.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 5.27 11001.00 500.00 100.00 0.50 0.00 4.00 8.00 2.96 17080.00 2000.00 100.00 34.00 0.00 1324.00 9.88 1.32 137.84 4.45 59.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.00 44.00 204.00 11.27 0.01 0.27 0.27 0.60 Let me provide you with some more information regarding the hardware. It's a Dell 1950 III box with Debian as OS where uname -a reports the following: Linux xx 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 15 15:39:52 UTC 2013 x86_64 GNU/Linux The machine is a dedicated server that hosts an online game without any databases or I/O heavy applications running. The core application consumes about 0.8 of the 8 GBytes RAM, and the average CPU load is relatively low. The game itself, however, reacts rather sensitive towards I/O latency and thus our players experience massive ingame lag, which we would like to address as soon as possible. iostat: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 1.77 0.01 1.05 1.59 0.00 95.58 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn sdb 13.16 25.42 135.12 504701011 2682640656 sda 1.52 0.74 20.63 14644533 409684488 Uptime is: 19:26:26 up 229 days, 17:26, 4 users, load average: 0.36, 0.37, 0.32 Harddisk controller: 01:00.0 RAID bus controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS 1078 (rev 04) Harddisks: Array 1, RAID-1, 2x Seagate Cheetah 15K.5 73 GB SAS Array 2, RAID-1, 2x Seagate ST3500620SS Barracuda ES.2 500GB 16MB 7200RPM SAS Partition information from df: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1 480191156 30715200 425083668 7% /home /dev/sda2 7692908 437436 6864692 6% / /dev/sda5 15377820 1398916 13197748 10% /usr /dev/sda6 39159724 19158340 18012140 52% /var Some more data samples generated with iostat -dx sdb 1 (Oct 11, 2013) Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sdb 0.00 15.00 0.00 70.00 0.00 656.00 9.37 4.50 1.83 4.80 33.60 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 12.00 836.00 500.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 32.00 10.67 9.96 1990.67 333.33 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 40.00 10.00 6.96 3075.00 250.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 2.62 4648.00 500.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 16.00 16.00 1.69 7024.00 1000.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 74.00 0.00 124.00 0.00 1584.00 12.77 1.09 67.94 6.94 86.00 Characteristic charts generated with rrdtool can be found here: iostat plot 1, 24 min interval: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/600/yqm3.png/ iostat plot 2, 120 min interval: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/407/griw.png/ As we have a rather large cache of 5.5 GBytes, we thought it might be a good idea to test if the I/O wait spikes would perhaps be caused by cache miss events. Therefore, we did a sync and then this to flush the cache and buffers: echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches and directly afterwards the I/O wait and service times virtually went through the roof, and everything on the machine felt like slow motion. During the next few hours the latency recovered and everything was as before - small to medium lags in short, unpredictable intervals. Now my question is: does anybody have any idea what might cause this annoying behaviour? Is it the first indication of the disk array or the raid controller dying, or something that can be easily mended by rebooting? (At the moment we're very reluctant to do this, however, because we're afraid that the disks might not come back up again.) Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance, Chris. Edited to add: we do see one or two processes go to 'D' state in top, one of which seems to be kjournald rather frequently. If I'm not mistaken, however, this does not indicate the processes causing the latency, but rather those affected by it - correct me if I'm wrong. Does the information about uninterruptibly sleeping processes help us in any way to address the problem? @Andy Shinn requested smartctl data, here it is: smartctl -a -d megaraid,2 /dev/sdb yields: smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net Device: SEAGATE ST3500620SS Version: MS05 Serial number: Device type: disk Transport protocol: SAS Local Time is: Mon Oct 14 20:37:13 2013 CEST Device supports SMART and is Enabled Temperature Warning Disabled or Not Supported SMART Health Status: OK Current Drive Temperature: 20 C Drive Trip Temperature: 68 C Elements in grown defect list: 0 Vendor (Seagate) cache information Blocks sent to initiator = 1236631092 Blocks received from initiator = 1097862364 Blocks read from cache and sent to initiator = 1383620256 Number of read and write commands whose size <= segment size = 531295338 Number of read and write commands whose size > segment size = 51986460 Vendor (Seagate/Hitachi) factory information number of hours powered up = 36556.93 number of minutes until next internal SMART test = 32 Error counter log: Errors Corrected by Total Correction Gigabytes Total ECC rereads/ errors algorithm processed uncorrected fast | delayed rewrites corrected invocations [10^9 bytes] errors read: 509271032 47 0 509271079 509271079 20981.423 0 write: 0 0 0 0 0 5022.039 0 verify: 1870931090 196 0 1870931286 1870931286 100558.708 0 Non-medium error count: 0 SMART Self-test log Num Test Status segment LifeTime LBA_first_err [SK ASC ASQ] Description number (hours) # 1 Background short Completed 16 36538 - [- - -] # 2 Background short Completed 16 36514 - [- - -] # 3 Background short Completed 16 36490 - [- - -] # 4 Background short Completed 16 36466 - [- - -] # 5 Background short Completed 16 36442 - [- - -] # 6 Background long Completed 16 36420 - [- - -] # 7 Background short Completed 16 36394 - [- - -] # 8 Background short Completed 16 36370 - [- - -] # 9 Background long Completed 16 36364 - [- - -] #10 Background short Completed 16 36361 - [- - -] #11 Background long Completed 16 2 - [- - -] #12 Background short Completed 16 0 - [- - -] Long (extended) Self Test duration: 6798 seconds [113.3 minutes] smartctl -a -d megaraid,3 /dev/sdb yields: smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net Device: SEAGATE ST3500620SS Version: MS05 Serial number: Device type: disk Transport protocol: SAS Local Time is: Mon Oct 14 20:37:26 2013 CEST Device supports SMART and is Enabled Temperature Warning Disabled or Not Supported SMART Health Status: OK Current Drive Temperature: 19 C Drive Trip Temperature: 68 C Elements in grown defect list: 0 Vendor (Seagate) cache information Blocks sent to initiator = 288745640 Blocks received from initiator = 1097848399 Blocks read from cache and sent to initiator = 1304149705 Number of read and write commands whose size <= segment size = 527414694 Number of read and write commands whose size > segment size = 51986460 Vendor (Seagate/Hitachi) factory information number of hours powered up = 36596.83 number of minutes until next internal SMART test = 28 Error counter log: Errors Corrected by Total Correction Gigabytes Total ECC rereads/ errors algorithm processed uncorrected fast | delayed rewrites corrected invocations [10^9 bytes] errors read: 610862490 44 0 610862534 610862534 20470.133 0 write: 0 0 0 0 0 5022.480 0 verify: 2861227413 203 0 2861227616 2861227616 100872.443 0 Non-medium error count: 1 SMART Self-test log Num Test Status segment LifeTime LBA_first_err [SK ASC ASQ] Description number (hours) # 1 Background short Completed 16 36580 - [- - -] # 2 Background short Completed 16 36556 - [- - -] # 3 Background short Completed 16 36532 - [- - -] # 4 Background short Completed 16 36508 - [- - -] # 5 Background short Completed 16 36484 - [- - -] # 6 Background long Completed 16 36462 - [- - -] # 7 Background short Completed 16 36436 - [- - -] # 8 Background short Completed 16 36412 - [- - -] # 9 Background long Completed 16 36404 - [- - -] #10 Background short Completed 16 36401 - [- - -] #11 Background long Completed 16 2 - [- - -] #12 Background short Completed 16 0 - [- - -] Long (extended) Self Test duration: 6798 seconds [113.3 minutes]

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  • Removed Xserver driver. ubuntu doesnt start. what should i Do?

    - by user71576
    im new on ubuntu , i intalled it ( dual booted with windows 7) i was customizing it, but when i tried to run compiz it said that missing glx or something like that in the screen, i realized that the driver that i was not using wasnt the gefroce on so i went to nvidia downloaded the correct version for my graphic ( geforce gtm 525m) when y run the .run file it told me that i was using xserver and that i cant install this driver with the xserver installed. i search for information of how to remove or disable xserver i found one. in this web site --http://www.ubuntugeek.com/ubuntu-tiphow-to-removeinstall-and-reconfigure-xorg-without-reinstalling-ubuntu.html when i run the command , after that i tried to instal the geforce on, doesnt work so i remember windows that you must reboot after a driver unintallation or intallation so i reboot, them ubuntu doesnto load, it show the ubuntu whit the five dots like or 1-2 sec and them i get a black screen ( not the red-black of ubutntu ) so why i should do. i dont want to re install i dont have a cd and my usb is a little damaged so please if you could help me

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  • mdadm: Win7-install created a boot partition on one of my RAID6 drives. How to rebuild?

    - by EXIT_FAILURE
    My problem happened when I attempted to install Windows 7 on it's own SSD. The Linux OS I used which has knowledge of the software RAID system is on a SSD that I disconnected prior to the install. This was so that windows (or I) wouldn't inadvertently mess it up. However, and in retrospect, foolishly, I left the RAID disks connected, thinking that windows wouldn't be so ridiculous as to mess with a HDD that it sees as just unallocated space. Boy was I wrong! After copying over the installation files to the SSD (as expected and desired), it also created an ntfs partition on one of the RAID disks. Both unexpected and totally undesired! . I changed out the SSDs again, and booted up in linux. mdadm didn't seem to have any problem assembling the array as before, but if I tried to mount the array, I got the error message: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so dmesg: EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I then used qparted to delete the newly created ntfs partition on /dev/sdd so that it matched the other three /dev/sd{b,c,e}, and requested a resync of my array with echo repair > /sys/block/md0/md/sync_action This took around 4 hours, and upon completion, dmesg reports: md: md0: requested-resync done. A bit brief after a 4-hour task, though I'm unsure as to where other log files exist (I also seem to have messed up my sendmail configuration). In any case: No change reported according to mdadm, everything checks out. mdadm -D /dev/md0 still reports: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Wed May 23 22:18:45 2012 Raid Level : raid6 Array Size : 3907026848 (3726.03 GiB 4000.80 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953513424 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon May 26 12:41:58 2014 State : clean Active Devices : 4 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 4K Name : okamilinkun:0 UUID : 0c97ebf3:098864d8:126f44e3:e4337102 Events : 423 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb 1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc 2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd 3 8 64 3 active sync /dev/sde Trying to mount it still reports: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so and dmesg: EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I'm a bit unsure where to proceed from here, and trying stuff "to see if it works" is a bit too risky for me. This is what I suggest I should attempt to do: Tell mdadm that /dev/sdd (the one that windows wrote into) isn't reliable anymore, pretend it is newly re-introduced to the array, and reconstruct its content based on the other three drives. I also could be totally wrong in my assumptions, that the creation of the ntfs partition on /dev/sdd and subsequent deletion has changed something that cannot be fixed this way. My question: Help, what should I do? If I should do what I suggested , how do I do that? From reading documentation, etc, I would think maybe: mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --set-faulty /dev/sdd mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sdd mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --re-add /dev/sdd However, the documentation examples suggest /dev/sdd1, which seems strange to me, as there is no partition there as far as linux is concerned, just unallocated space. Maybe these commands won't work without. Maybe it makes sense to mirror the partition table of one of the other raid devices that weren't touched, before --re-add. Something like: sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sdd Bonus question: Why would the Windows 7 installation do something so st...potentially dangerous? Update I went ahead and marked /dev/sdd as faulty, and removed it (not physically) from the array: # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --set-faulty /dev/sdd # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sdd However, attempting to --re-add was disallowed: # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --re-add /dev/sdd mdadm: --re-add for /dev/sdd to /dev/md0 is not possible --add, was fine. # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdd mdadm -D /dev/md0 now reports the state as clean, degraded, recovering, and /dev/sdd as spare rebuilding. /proc/mdstat shows the recovery progress: md0 : active raid6 sdd[4] sdc[1] sde[3] sdb[0] 3907026848 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 4k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UU_U] [>....................] recovery = 2.1% (42887780/1953513424) finish=348.7min speed=91297K/sec nmon also shows expected output: ¦sdb 0% 87.3 0.0| > |¦ ¦sdc 71% 109.1 0.0|RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR > |¦ ¦sdd 40% 0.0 87.3|WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW > |¦ ¦sde 0% 87.3 0.0|> || It looks good so far. Crossing my fingers for another five+ hours :) Update 2 The recovery of /dev/sdd finished, with dmesg output: [44972.599552] md: md0: recovery done. [44972.682811] RAID conf printout: [44972.682815] --- level:6 rd:4 wd:4 [44972.682817] disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb [44972.682819] disk 1, o:1, dev:sdc [44972.682820] disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd [44972.682821] disk 3, o:1, dev:sde Attempting mount /dev/md0 reports: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so And on dmesg: [44984.159908] EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! [44984.159912] EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I'm not sure what do do now. Suggestions? Output of dumpe2fs /dev/md0: dumpe2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013) Filesystem volume name: Atlas Last mounted on: /mnt/atlas Filesystem UUID: e7bfb6a4-c907-4aa0-9b55-9528817bfd70 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: user_xattr acl Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 244195328 Block count: 976756712 Reserved block count: 48837835 Free blocks: 92000180 Free inodes: 243414877 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 791 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 RAID stripe width: 2 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Thu May 24 07:22:41 2012 Last mount time: Sun May 25 23:44:38 2014 Last write time: Sun May 25 23:46:42 2014 Mount count: 341 Maximum mount count: -1 Last checked: Thu May 24 07:22:41 2012 Check interval: 0 (<none>) Lifetime writes: 4357 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: e177a374-0b90-4eaa-b78f-d734aae13051 Journal backup: inode blocks dumpe2fs: Corrupt extent header while reading journal super block

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  • Please help me in installing Ubuntu 12.04.1. and Can it run MS Off. Prof. Plus 2007?

    - by ramandeep
    I want to install Ubuntu with MS Office Professional Plus 2007 running. I want to format my hard drive with slow speed as it happens when we install xp. The all cleaning with no traces left. For that what'll be easy to do: 1) Formatting entire hard drive OR 2) Formatting only that partition on which I want to install Ubuntu? I should be sure that I can run MS Office Professional Plus 2007 on Ubuntu. I have ubuntu-12.04.1-desktop-i386.iso burned on a CD and have MS Office Prof. Plus 2007 in this form - http://i.imgur.com/qAhP8.jpg I also want to know when I update Ubuntu how much MB will it be?

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  • How to restore/change Alt+Tab behaviour/ram usage and a few other things after Ubuntu upgrade from 11.04 to 11.10?

    - by fiktor
    I use Ubuntu for programming. I recently updated it from 11.04 to 11.10. There are some things I don't like in the new version of Unity desktop interface. I don't actually know if it is hard to restore previous behavior or not, and if it is not, where should I look to do that. I know a bit of programming, but I really don't know much about Linux settings. I used to have 3-6 terminal windows and switch between them with Alt+Tab and Shift+Alt+Tab. I liked half-transparent terminal windows, since with them I could open web-page with some instruction in Firefox, press Alt+Tab and type commands in a console window, being able to recognize text on a web-page under it. Now I have problems with my usual work-style because of the following. List of "negative" changes Alt+Tab shows just one icon for all console windows. When I wait some time, it, however, shows all windows, but I don't like to wait. I prefer to remember order of windows and press Alt+Tab as many times as I need to switch to the right window. Alt+Shift+Tab to switch in reverse order doesn't work now. Console windows are not transparent any more. When I don't wait, and switch to this icon, it shows all console windows altogether. So even if they were transparent, I wouldn't be able to see anything below them (I can read something only from the window, which is directly under current one, not a few levels under). When I run a few console windows in Unity I had 740Mb used on Ubuntu 11.04, but I have 1050Mb now. The question is how to make it back to 750-. I really need my memory, since I use my computer to work with 1512Mb of data and I try to save every 10Mb possible (if it doesn't take too much of machine and, more importantly, my time). When I press "The Super key" I have a field to type the name of the program I want to run. But now it sometimes shows this field, but when I'm trying to type nothing happens. Probably, focus is not on the right field. I don't really mean to restore exactly the same behavior, but I want to make my work in Ubuntu 11.10 efficient (at least as efficient as in Ubuntu 11.04). I would be happy if there are some ways to accomplish that. What have I tried I have installed CompizConfig Settings Manager. I have read this question. However enabling "Static Application Switcher" makes Alt+Tab crazy: after enabling it It says about key-binding conflicts with "Ubuntu Unity Plugin"; "Alt+Tab" switching doesn't change, but "Shift+Alt+Tab" now works and shows all windows; Memory usage increases. I have tried turning off Ubuntu Unity Plugin, but this doesn't seem right thing to do, since it seems to turn off all menus, a lot of keystrokes and app-launcher, which usually activates with "The Super key". I have found, that window transparency can be enabled by "Opacity, Brightness and Saturation" plugin from Accessibility. However I don't know if enabling it is the right thing to do (at least it increases memory usage). Update: everything solved but #3: see my own answer below. I have made a separate question about issue #3 (transparency).

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  • Bash can't start a programme that's there and has all the right permissions

    - by Rory
    This is a gentoo server. There's a programme prog that can't execute. (Yes the execute permission is set) About the file $ ls prog $ ./prog bash: ./prog: No such file or directory $ file prog prog: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.2.5, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped $ pwd /usr/local/bin $ /usr/local/bin/prog bash: /usr/local/bin/prog: No such file or directory $ less prog | head ELF Header: Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Class: ELF32 Data: 2's complement, little endian Version: 1 (current) OS/ABI: UNIX - System V ABI Version: 0 Type: EXEC (Executable file) Machine: Intel 80386 Version: 0x1 I have a fancy less, to show that it's an actual executable, here's some more data: $ xxd prog |head 0000000: 7f45 4c46 0101 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000 .ELF............ 0000010: 0200 0300 0100 0000 c092 0408 3400 0000 ............4... 0000020: 0401 0a00 0000 0000 3400 2000 0700 2800 ........4. ...(. 0000030: 2600 2300 0600 0000 3400 0000 3480 0408 &.#.....4...4... 0000040: 3480 0408 e000 0000 e000 0000 0500 0000 4............... 0000050: 0400 0000 0300 0000 1401 0000 1481 0408 ................ 0000060: 1481 0408 1300 0000 1300 0000 0400 0000 ................ 0000070: 0100 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 0080 0408 ................ 0000080: 0080 0408 21f1 0500 21f1 0500 0500 0000 ....!...!....... 0000090: 0010 0000 0100 0000 40f1 0500 4081 0a08 ........@...@... and $ ls -l prog -rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 devs 725706 Aug 6 2007 prog $ ldd prog not a dynamic executable $ strace ./prog 1249403877.639076 execve("./prog", ["./prog"], [/* 27 vars */]) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 1249403877.640645 dup(2) = 3 1249403877.640875 fcntl(3, F_GETFL) = 0x8002 (flags O_RDWR|O_LARGEFILE) 1249403877.641143 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0 1249403877.641484 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b3b8954a000 1249403877.641747 lseek(3, 0, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) 1249403877.642045 write(3, "strace: exec: No such file or dir"..., 40strace: exec: No such file or directory ) = 40 1249403877.642324 close(3) = 0 1249403877.642531 munmap(0x2b3b8954a000, 4096) = 0 1249403877.642735 exit_group(1) = ? About the server FTR the server is a xen domU, and the programme is a closed source linux application. This VM is a copy of another VM that has the same root filesystem (including this programme), that works fine. I've tried all the above as root and same problem. Did I mention the root filesystem is mounted over NFS. However it's mounted 'defaults,nosuid', which should include execute. Also I am able to run many other programmes from that mounted drive /proc/cpuinfo: processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 15 model : 4 model name : Intel(R) Xeon(TM) CPU 3.00GHz stepping : 1 cpu MHz : 2992.692 cache size : 1024 KB fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 5 wp : yes flags : fpu tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall nx lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl cid cx16 xtpr bogmips : 5989.55 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 128 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: Example of a file that I can run I can run other programmes on that mounted filesystem on that server. For example: $ ls -l ls -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 105576 Jul 25 17:14 ls $ file ls ls: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), stripped $ ./ls attr cat cut echo getfacl ln more ... (you get the idea) ... rmdir sort tty $ less ls | head ELF Header: Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Class: ELF64 Data: 2's complement, little endian Version: 1 (current) OS/ABI: UNIX - System V ABI Version: 0 Type: EXEC (Executable file) Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64 Version: 0x1

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  • postfix: Temporary lookup failure for FQDN

    - by Thufir
    I'm using the FQDN of dur.bounceme.net which I want to resolve(?) to localhost. That is, I want mail to [email protected] to get delivered to user@localhost. I've tried following the Ubuntu guide on this and seem to be going in circles a bit. root@dur:~# root@dur:~# postfix stop postfix/postfix-script: stopping the Postfix mail system root@dur:~# postfix start postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system root@dur:~# telnet dur.bounceme.net 25 Trying 127.0.1.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused root@dur:~# root@dur:~# telnet localhost 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. 220 dur.bounceme.net ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu) ehlo dur 250-dur.bounceme.net 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN mail from:[email protected] 250 2.1.0 Ok rcpt to:[email protected] 451 4.3.0 <[email protected]>: Temporary lookup failure rcpt to:thufir@localhost 451 4.3.0 <thufir@localhost>: Temporary lookup failure quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. root@dur:~# root@dur:~# grep telnet /var/log/mail.log Aug 28 00:24:45 dur postfix/smtpd[18256]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 451 4.3.0 <thufir@localhost>: Temporary lookup failure; from=<[email protected]> to=<thufir@localhost> proto=ESMTP helo=<dur> Aug 28 00:24:58 dur postfix/smtpd[18256]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 451 4.3.0 <[email protected]>: Temporary lookup failure; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<dur> Aug 28 00:54:55 dur postfix/smtpd[18825]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 451 4.3.0 <[email protected]>: Temporary lookup failure; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<dur> Aug 28 00:55:08 dur postfix/smtpd[18825]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 451 4.3.0 <thufir@localhost>: Temporary lookup failure; from=<[email protected]> to=<thufir@localhost> proto=ESMTP helo=<dur> root@dur:~# root@dur:~# postconf -n alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes config_directory = /etc/postfix default_transport = smtp home_mailbox = Maildir/ inet_interfaces = loopback-only mailbox_command = /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -c /etc/dovecot/conf.d/01-mail-stack-delivery.conf -m "${EXTENSION}" mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailman_destination_recipient_limit = 1 mydestination = dur, dur.bounceme.net, localhost.bounceme.net, localhost myhostname = dur.bounceme.net mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = lists.dur.bounceme.net relay_transport = relay relayhost = smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_path = private/dovecot-auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-mail.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-mail.key smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = SSLv3, TLSv1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport root@dur:~#

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  • Where should I go with hosting my site: VPS, GAE, another option?

    - by Jonathan Hayward
    My website, http://JonathansCorner.com/, began life before 1994 as www.imsa.edu/~jhayward/ and has been through various iterations and improvements to content, HTML, and the like, but remains a literature site that is from a web administrator's perspective fairly simple and primitive: a fair amount of static HTML and supporting files, a little bit of CGI and URI rewriting, .htaccess files providing Expires: headers and the like. An associated site demoes various CGI scripts that fall under the category of "and other creations"; the site as a whole has the purpose of sharing my creative works, and so far a fairly rudimentary use of Apache functionality, supported by Unix tools to, for instance, update RSS feed and the "starting point" link on the home page, has served that purpose fairly well. I looked around here on web hosting, and found the note on web host reccommendations as a good note for "What are some of people's favorite web hosts overall," but I wanted to ask a more focused question of "What are the best web hosts for criteria XYZ:" I am looking at a VPS so I will have root, be able to install stuff and edit Apache's config files etc., running Gentoo or other Linux, BSD, or the like. I would like a system that is secure enough that the host's vulnerabilities are mostly the ones that come along with what I am trying to do: that is, I won't be trying to administer and secure an ancient Linux like some have complained about at 1and1. I would like good uptime/reliability and competent support staff: if the level 1 help desk is going to tell me to go to "My Computer" on a Linux box, I'd like to be able to get past them. Ideally I would like a site hosted within some place that will have low latency for U.S. visitors in particular. I would like a hosting solution that will be with a stable business, one that will probably be around, and one unlikely to vanish without warning. With those things specified, I would be interested in knowing what are the less expensive options. (I expect that some of the things I've specified will knock out all of the cheapest options, but I'm still interested in price.) With all that stated, I'd like to back up a bit and look at whether I am asking the right question. I am concerned that the above is a very good way of asking, "How can I keep my site in line with the wave of the past?" I am wondering if it might be specifically wiser to look to adapt my site to newer technologies instead of trying to keep it on older technologies. For instance, while I would hardly portray my site as a way to show off the full power of Google App Engine, the main site at least should be a straightforward port if I were to do that. And beyond Google App Engine, my knowledge of cloud solutions is basic. If it is a better and more future-proof solution to port my site to another kind of solution, I would be interested in knowing where those future-proof solutions lie. So I would be interested in wisdom. If the question I asked in detail is still a good question to be asking, what would people suggest? Or if I should seriously consider porting my site to a newer basic option, what should I try there? Any thoughts would be appreciated.

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  • Slow disk transfer rate

    - by Nooklez
    I have problem with slow disk transfer rate. It's static files server for our website. I was making backup of data and noticed that tar is very slow. So I did hdparm -t and... hdparm -t /dev/sda3 /dev/sda3: Timing buffered disk reads: 6 MB in 4.70 seconds = 1.28 MB/sec It's low traffic hour now on our site, so huge I/O traffic is not a reason (iotop show less than 1 MB/s). It's RAID10 setup (2x2 SATA drives). Unit UnitType Status %RCmpl %V/I/M Stripe Size(GB) Cache AVrfy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ u0 RAID-10 OK - - 64K 1396.96 W ON VPort Status Unit Size Type Phy Encl-Slot Model ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ p0 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 0 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p1 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 1 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p2 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 2 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p3 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 3 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 We have recently changed almost all components of server (excluding 3ware controller + disks). And I think problems started since then. Can it be configuration problem or hardware? EDIT: I found something like that in dmesg [166843.625843] irq 16: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) [166843.625846] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 3.1.5-gentoo #3 [166843.625847] Call Trace: [166843.625848] <IRQ> [<ffffffff810859d5>] __report_bad_irq+0x35/0xc1 [166843.625856] [<ffffffff81085cec>] note_interrupt+0x165/0x1e1 [166843.625859] [<ffffffff8108445f>] handle_irq_event_percpu+0x16f/0x187 [166843.625861] [<ffffffff810844a9>] handle_irq_event+0x32/0x51 [166843.625863] [<ffffffff8108640b>] handle_fasteoi_irq+0x75/0x99 [166843.625866] [<ffffffff810039d7>] handle_irq+0x83/0x8b [166843.625868] [<ffffffff810036ad>] do_IRQ+0x48/0xa0 [166843.625871] [<ffffffff8155082b>] common_interrupt+0x6b/0x6b [166843.625872] <EOI> [<ffffffff812981e8>] ? acpi_safe_halt+0x22/0x35 [166843.625877] [<ffffffff812981e2>] ? acpi_safe_halt+0x1c/0x35 [166843.625879] [<ffffffff81298216>] acpi_idle_do_entry+0x1b/0x2b [166843.625881] [<ffffffff81298276>] acpi_idle_enter_c1+0x50/0x99 [166843.625884] [<ffffffff813b792a>] cpuidle_idle_call+0xed/0x171 [166843.625886] [<ffffffff81001257>] cpu_idle+0x55/0x81 [166843.625888] [<ffffffff81532a69>] rest_init+0x6d/0x6f [166843.625891] [<ffffffff81aa1aca>] start_kernel+0x329/0x334 [166843.625893] [<ffffffff81aa12a6>] x86_64_start_reservations+0xb6/0xba [166843.625894] [<ffffffff81aa139c>] x86_64_start_kernel+0xf2/0xf9 [166843.625896] handlers: [166843.625898] [<ffffffff812dc8de>] twl_interrupt [166843.625900] Disabling IRQ #16 It's related to problem? EDIT #2: Based on feedback in comments, here is more informations. cat /proc/interrupts 16: 390813 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi 3w-sas Controller model: [ 1.095350] 3ware Storage Controller device driver for Linux v1.26.02.003. [ 1.095467] 3ware 9000 Storage Controller device driver for Linux v2.26.02.014. [ 1.095641] LSI 3ware SAS/SATA-RAID Controller device driver for Linux v3.26.02.000. [ 1.095787] 3w-sas 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 1.095881] 3w-sas 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.910801] 3w-sas: scsi0: Found an LSI 3ware 9750-4i Controller at 0xfe560000, IRQ: 16. [ 2.216537] 3w-sas: scsi0: Firmware FH9X 5.08.00.008, BIOS BE9X 5.07.00.011, Phys: 8. [ 2.216836] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access LSI 9750-4i DISK 5.08 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 And motherboard: description: Motherboard product: P8H67-M vendor: ASUSTeK Computer INC.

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  • Unable to remove limit on memory usage for PHP script.

    - by Jess Telford
    The Situation I am having an issue with a PHP script getting the following error message: Fatal error: Out of memory (allocated 359923712) (tried to allocate 72 bytes) in /path/to/piwik/core/DataTable.php on line 969 The script I'm running is: /path/to/piwik/misc/cron/archive.sh I am assuming the numbers are Bytes, which means that total is approximately 360MB. For all intents and purposes, I have increased the memory limits on the server well above 360MB, yet this is the number (give or take a byte) it consistently errors out at. Please note: This question is not about fixing a memory leak in the script, nor about why the script itself is using so much memory. The script is part of the Piwik archiving process, so I cannot just fix any memory leaks, etc. For more info on this script and why I am increasing the memory limit, see "How to setup auto archiving" The question Given that the script is attempting to use over 360MB of memory, which I cannot change, why does it not seem possible for me to increase the amount of memory available to php on my server? What I've tried Increasing PHP's memory_limit Given the php.ini file: php -i | grep php.ini Configuration File (php.ini) Path => /usr/local/lib Loaded Configuration File => /usr/local/lib/php.ini I have edited that file, so the memory_limit directive reads; memory_limit = -1 Restart Apache, and check the new value has stuck; $ php -i | grep memory_limit memory_limit => -1 => -1 Run the script, and get the same error. I've also tried 1G, 768M, etc, all to the same result (ie; no change). Update 22nd June: Based on Vangel's help, I have attempted to set post_max_size to 20M in combination with setting memory_limit. Again, this has no effect. Removing the memory limit on child processes of Apache I have found and edited the httpd.conf file to make sure there is no RLimitMEM directive. I then used WHM's Apache Configuration Memory Usage Restrictions to generate a restriction, which it claimed was at 1000M (and confirmed by checking httpd.conf). Both of these resulted in no change to the script erroring at 360MB. Increasing the per process memory limits of Linux The current limits set on the system: $ ulimit -m 524288 $ ulimit -v 524288 I have attempted to set both of these to unlimited: $ ulimit -m unlimited $ ulimit -v unlimited $ ulimit -m unlimited $ ulimit -v unlimited Once again, this has resulted in absolutely no improvement in my problem. My setup $ cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 5.5 (Final) $ uname -a Linux example.com 2.6.18-164.15.1.el5 #1 SMP Wed Mar 17 11:30:06 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux $ php -i | grep "PHP Version" PHP Version => 5.2.9 $ httpd -V Server version: Apache/2.0.63 Server built: Feb 2 2011 01:25:12 Cpanel::Easy::Apache v3.2.0 rev5291 Server's Module Magic Number: 20020903:13 Server loaded: APR 0.9.17, APR-UTIL 0.9.15 Compiled using: APR 0.9.17, APR-UTIL 0.9.15 Architecture: 64-bit Server compiled with.... -D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/prefork" -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE -D APR_HAS_MMAP -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled) -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE -D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS -D HTTPD_ROOT="/usr/local/apache" -D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/local/apache/bin/suexec" -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="logs/httpd.pid" -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status" -D DEFAULT_LOCKFILE="logs/accept.lock" -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log" -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="conf/mime.types" -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="conf/httpd.conf" Output of $ php -i: http://pastebin.com/EiRut6Nm

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  • Why would VMWare to go defunct? How to recover from/prevent it?

    - by Josh
    I am running VMWare Server 2.0.2 (Build 203138) on a dual core Intel i5 with Ubuntu Server 10.04 LTS system (kernel 2.6.32-22-server #33-Ubuntu SMP). Disk Subsystem is a software RAID5 array. The system has been set up for a little over a week. For the past 5 days I have been running at leat 3 VMs (Linux and a variety of Windows OSes) with no issues whatsoever. But while I was installing Linux onto a new VM, suddenly all VMs became unresponsive, including the one I was installing to. I could not log in to the VMWare Management Interface, and the system was somewhat unresponsive via SSH. When I looked at top, I saw: top - 16:14:51 up 6 days, 1:49, 8 users, load average: 24.29, 24.33 17.54 Tasks: 203 total, 7 running, 195 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 25.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 74.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 8056656k total, 5927580k used, 2129076k free, 20320k buffers Swap: 7811064k total, 240216k used, 7570848k free, 5045884k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 21549 root 39 19 0 0 0 Z 100 0.0 15:02.44 [vmware-vmx] <defunct> 2115 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 170:32.08 [vmware-rtc] 2231 root 21 1 1494m 126m 100m S 1 1.6 892:58.05 /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx -# product=2; 2280 jnet 20 0 19320 1164 800 R 0 0.0 30:04.55 top 12236 root 20 0 833m 41m 34m S 0 0.5 88:34.24 /usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware-vmx -# product=2; 1 root 20 0 23704 1476 920 S 0 0.0 0:00.80 /sbin/init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 [kthreadd] 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/0] 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.84 [ksoftirqd/0] 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [watchdog/0] 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/1] The VMWare process for the virtual machine I was installing into became a zombie. Yet, it was still consuming 100% of the CPU time on one of the cores, and I couldn't reach it or any other virtual machines. (I was logged in to one virtual machine over SSH, another via X11, and a third via VNC. All three connections died). When I ran ps -ef and similar commands, I found that the defunct vmware-vmx process had it's parent PID set to init (1). I also used lsof -p 21549 and found that the defunct process had no open files. Yet it was using 100% of CPU time... I was unable to kill any vmware-vmx processes, including the defunct one, even with kill -9. As a last resort to resolve the situation I tried to reboot the box, however shutdown, halt, reboot, and init 6 all failed to reboot/shutdown, even when given appropriate --force settings. ControlAltDel produced a message about rebooting on the console, but the system would not reboot. I had to hard power-cycle the box to resolve the situation. (See my other question, Should I worry about the integrity of my linux software RAID5 after a crash or kernel panic?) What would cause a scenario like this? What else could I have done to resolve it besides a hard reboot? What can I do to prevent such a situation in the future?

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  • ovs-vsctl: "eth0" is not a valid UUID

    - by Przemek Lach
    I'm trying to setup an open v-switch inside my Ubuntu 12.04 Server VM. I have created three interfaces for this VM and I want to create a port mirror inside of the VM using these there interfaces and open v-switch. There are three Host-Only Adapters: eth0, eth1, eth2. The idea is that three other VM's will be connected to these adapters. One of these VM's will stream UDP video to eth0 and I want the vswitch'd VM to mirror those packets from eth0 onto eth1 and eth2. Each of the VM's connected to eth1 and eth2 will get the same video stream. I performed the following steps to install open v-switch: $ apt-get install python-simplejson python-qt4 python-twisted-conch automake autoconf gcc uml-utilities libtool build-essential $ apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake pkg-config $ wget http://openvswitch.org/releases/openvswitch-1.7.1.tar.gz $ tar xf http://openvswitch.org/releases/openvswitch-1.7.1.tar.gz $ cd http://openvswitch.org/releases/openvswitch-1.7.1.tar.gz $ apt-get install libssl-dev iproute tcpdump linux-headers-`uname -r` $ ./boot.sh $ ./configure - -with-linux=/lib/modules/`uname -r`/build $ make $ sudo make install After installation I configured as follows: $ insmod datapath/linux/openvswitch.ko $ sudo touch /usr/local/etc/ovs-vswitchd.conf $ mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/openvswitch $ ovsdb-tool create /usr/local/etc/openvswitch/conf.db Then I started the server: $ ovsdb-server /usr/local/etc/openvswitch/conf.db \ --remote=punix:/usr/local/var/run/openvswitch/db.sock \ --remote=db:Open_vSwitch,manager_options \ --private-key=db:SSL,private_key \ --certificate=db:SSL,certificate \ --bootstrap-ca-cert=db:SSL,ca_cert --pidfile --detach --log-file $ ovs-vsctl –no-wait init (run only once) $ ovs-vswitchd --pidfile --detach The above steps I got from this tutorial and it all worked fine. I then proceeded to add a port mirror based on the open v-switch documentation under Port Mirroring. I successfully completed the following commands: $ ovs-vsctl add-br br0 $ ovs-vsctl add-port br0 eth0 $ ovs-vsctl add-port br0 eth1 $ ovs-vsctl add-port br0 eth2 $ ifconfig eth0 promisc up $ ifconfig eth1 promisc up $ ifconfig eth2 promisc up At this point when I run ovs-vsctl show I get the following: 75bda8c2-b870-438b-9115-e36288ea1cd8 Bridge "br0" Port "br0" Interface "br0" type: internal Port "eth0" Interface "eth0" Port "eth2" Interface "eth2" Port "eth1" Interface "eth1" And when I run ifconfig I get the following: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:9f:51:ca inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe9f:51ca/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:17 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1494 (1.4 KB) TX bytes:468 (468.0 B) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:53:02:d4 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe53:2d4/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:17 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1494 (1.4 KB) TX bytes:468 (468.0 B) eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:cb:a5:93 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fecb:a593/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:17 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1494 (1.4 KB) TX bytes:468 (468.0 B) eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:df:bb:d8 inet addr:192.168.1.139 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fedf:bbd8/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2211 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1196 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:182987 (182.9 KB) TX bytes:125441 (125.4 KB) NOTE: I use eth3 as a bridge adapter for SSH'ing into the VM. So now, I think I've done everything correctly but when I try to create the bridge using the following command: $ ovs-vsctl -- set Bridge br0 mirrors=@m -- --id=@eth0 get Port eth0 -- --id=@eth1 get Port eth1 -- --id=@m create Mirror name=app1Mirror select-dst-port=eth0 select-src-port=@eth0 output-port=@eth1,eth2 I get the following error: ovs-vsctl: "eth0" is not a valid UUID I don't understand why it's not able to find the interfaces?

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