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• 101 Ways to Participate...and make the future Java

  - by heathervc

   In case you missed it earlier today, and as promised in BOF6283, here are the 101 Ways to Improve (and Make the Future) Java...thanks to Bruno Souza of SouJava and Martijn Verburg of the London Java Community for their contributions! Join or create a JUG Come to the meetings Help promoting your JUG: twitter, facebook, etc Find someone that can give a talk Get your company to sponsor (a meeting, an event) Organize an activity (meetings, hackathons, dojos, etc) Answer questions on a mailing list (or simply join!) Volunteer for a small, one time tasks (creating a web page, helping with an activity) Come early to an event, and help to carry the piano Moderate a list or add things to the wiki Participate in the organization meetings or mailing lists Take pictures of an event or meeting and publish them online Write a blog about an event or meeting, to help promote the group Help record and post a session online Present your JavaOne experience when you get back Repeat the best talk you saw at JavaOne at a JUG meeting Send this list of ideas to other Java developers in your area so they can help out too! Present a step-by-step tutorial Present GreenFoot and Alice to school students Present BlueJ and Alice to university students Teach those tools to teachers and professors Write a step-by-step tutorial on your blog or to a magazine Create a page that lists resources Give a talk about your favorite Java feature or technology Learn a new Java API and present to your co-workers Then, present in a JUG meeting, and then, present it in an event in your area, and submit it to JavaOne! Create a study group to get certified or to learn some new Java technology Teach a non-Java developer how to download the basic tools and where to find more information Download and use an open source project Improve the documentation Write an article or a blog post about the project Write an FAQ Join and participate on the mailing list Describe a bug in detail and submit a bug report Fix a bug and submit it to the project Give a talk about it at a JUG meeting Teach your co-workers how to use the project Sign up to Adopt a JSR Test regular builds of the Reference Implementation (RI) Report bugs in the RI Submit Feature Requests to the spec Triage issues on the issue tracker Run a hack day to discuss the API Moderate mailing lists and forums Create an FAQ or Wiki Evangelize a specification on Twitter, G+, Hacker News, etc Give a lightning talk Help build the RI Help build the Technical Compatibility Kit (TCK) Create a Podcast Learn Latin - e.g. legal language, translate to English Sign up to Adopt OpenJDK Run a Bugathon Fix javac compiler warnings Build virtual images Add tests to Java Submit Javadoc patches Give a webbing Teach someone to build OpenJDK Hold a brown bag session at work Fix the oldest known bug Overhaul Javadoc to use HTML Load the OpenJDK into different IDEs Run a build farm node Test your code on a nightly build Learn how to read Java byte code Visit JCP.org Follow jcp_org on Twitter Friend JCP on Facebook Read JCP Blog Register for JCP.org site Create a JSR Watch List Review JSRs in progress Comment on JSRs in progress, write and track bug reports, use cases, etc Review JSRs in Maintenance Comment on JSRs in Maintenance Implement Final JSRs Review the Transparency of JSRs in progress and provide feedback to the PMO and Spec Lead/community Become a JCP Member or associate with a current JCP member Nominate to serve on an Expert Group (EG) Serve on an EG Submit a JSR proposal and become Spec Lead Take a Spec Lead role in an Inactive or Dormant JSR Nominate for an Executive Committee (EC) seat Vote in the EC elections Vote in EC Special Elections Review EC Meeting Summaries Attend Spec Lead calls Write blogs, articles on your experiences Join the EC project on java.net Join JCP.Next on java.net/JSR 358 Participate on the JCP forums and join JSR projects on java.net Suggest agenda items for open EC meetings Attend public EC teleconference (2x per year) Attend open EC meetings at JavaOne Nominate for JCP Annual Awards Attend annual JavaOne and JCP Annual Awards Ceremony Attend JCP related BOF sessions and give your feedback to Program Office Invite JCP program office members to your JUG  or meetup Invite JSR Spec Leads to your JUG or meetup And always - hold a party!

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• Comparing Apples and Pairs

  - by Tony Davis

  A recent study, High Costs and Negative Value of Pair Programming, by Capers Jones, pulls no punches in its assessment of the costs-to- benefits ratio of pair programming, two programmers working together, at a single computer, rather than separately. He implies that pair programming is a method rushed into production on a wave of enthusiasm for Agile or Extreme Programming, without any real regard for its effectiveness. Despite admitting that his data represented a far from complete study of the economics of pair programming, his conclusions were stark: it was 2.5 times more expensive, resulted in a 15% drop in productivity, and offered no significant quality benefits. The author provides a more scientific analysis than Jon Evans’ Pair Programming Considered Harmful, but the theme is the same. In terms of upfront-coding costs, pair programming is surely more expensive. The claim of productivity loss is dubious and contested by other studies. The third claim, though, did surprise me. The author’s data suggests that if both the pair and the individual programmers employ static code analysis and testing, then there is no measurable difference in the resulting code quality, in terms of defects per function point. In other words, pair programming incurs a massive extra cost for no tangible return in investment. There were, inevitably, many criticisms of his data and his conclusions, a few of which are persuasive. Firstly, that the driver/observer model of pair programming, on which the study bases its findings, is far from the most effective. For example, many find Ping-Pong pairing, based on use of test-driven development, far more productive. Secondly, that it doesn’t distinguish between “expert” and “novice” pair programmers– that is, independently of other programming skills, how skilled was an individual at pair programming. Thirdly, that his measure of quality is too narrow. This point rings true, certainly at Red Gate, where developers don’t pair program all the time, but use the method in short bursts, while tackling a tricky problem and needing a fresh perspective on the best approach, or more in-depth knowledge in a particular domain. All of them argue that pair programming, and collective code ownership, offers significant rewards, if not in terms of immediate “bug reduction”, then in removing the likelihood of single points of failure, and improving the overall quality and longer-term adaptability/maintainability of the design. There is also a massive learning benefit for both participants. One developer told me how he once worked in the same team over consecutive summers, the first time with no pair programming and the second time pair-programming two-thirds of the time, and described the increased rate of learning the second time as “phenomenal”. There are a great many theories on how we should develop software (Scrum, XP, Lean, etc.), but woefully little scientific research in their effectiveness. For a group that spends so much time crunching other people’s data, I wonder if developers spend enough time crunching data about themselves. Capers Jones’ data may be incomplete, but should cause a pause for thought, especially for any large IT departments, supporting commerce and industry, who are considering pair programming. It certainly shouldn’t discourage teams from exploring new ways of developing software, as long as they also think about how to gather hard data to gauge their effectiveness.

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• Non-blocking I/O using Servlet 3.1: Scalable applications using Java EE 7 (TOTD #188)

  - by arungupta

  Servlet 3.0 allowed asynchronous request processing but only traditional I/O was permitted. This can restrict scalability of your applications. In a typical application, ServletInputStream is read in a while loop. public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)         throws IOException, ServletException {     ServletInputStream input = request.getInputStream();       byte[] b = new byte[1024];       int len = -1;       while ((len = input.read(b)) != -1) {          . . .        }   }} If the incoming data is blocking or streamed slower than the server can read then the server thread is waiting for that data. The same can happen if the data is written to ServletOutputStream. This is resolved in Servet 3.1 (JSR 340, to be released as part Java EE 7) by adding event listeners - ReadListener and WriteListener interfaces. These are then registered using ServletInputStream.setReadListener and ServletOutputStream.setWriteListener. The listeners have callback methods that are invoked when the content is available to be read or can be written without blocking. The updated doGet in our case will look like: AsyncContext context = request.startAsync();ServletInputStream input = request.getInputStream();input.setReadListener(new MyReadListener(input, context)); Invoking setXXXListener methods indicate that non-blocking I/O is used instead of the traditional I/O. At most one ReadListener can be registered on ServletIntputStream and similarly at most one WriteListener can be registered on ServletOutputStream. ServletInputStream.isReady and ServletInputStream.isFinished are new methods to check the status of non-blocking I/O read. ServletOutputStream.canWrite is a new method to check if data can be written without blocking.  MyReadListener implementation looks like: @Overridepublic void onDataAvailable() { try { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); int len = -1; byte b[] = new byte[1024]; while (input.isReady() && (len = input.read(b)) != -1) { String data = new String(b, 0, len); System.out.println("--> " + data); } } catch (IOException ex) { Logger.getLogger(MyReadListener.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); }}@Overridepublic void onAllDataRead() { System.out.println("onAllDataRead"); context.complete();}@Overridepublic void onError(Throwable t) { t.printStackTrace(); context.complete();} This implementation has three callbacks: onDataAvailable callback method is called whenever data can be read without blocking onAllDataRead callback method is invoked data for the current request is completely read. onError callback is invoked if there is an error processing the request. Notice, context.complete() is called in onAllDataRead and onError to signal the completion of data read. For now, the first chunk of available data need to be read in the doGet or service method of the Servlet. Rest of the data can be read in a non-blocking way using ReadListener after that. This is going to get cleaned up where all data read can happen in ReadListener only. The sample explained above can be downloaded from here and works with GlassFish 4.0 build 64 and onwards. The slides and a complete re-run of What's new in Servlet 3.1: An Overview session at JavaOne is available here. Here are some more references for you: Java EE 7 Specification Status Servlet Specification Project JSR Expert Group Discussion Archive Servlet 3.1 Javadocs

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• The five steps of business intelligence adoption: where are you?

  - by Red Gate Software BI Tools Team

  When I was in Orlando and New York last month, I spoke to a lot of business intelligence users. What they told me suggested a path of BI adoption. The user’s place on the path depends on the size and sophistication of their organisation. Step 1: A company with a database of customer transactions will often want to examine particular data, like revenue and unit sales over the last period for each product and territory. To do this, they probably use simple SQL queries or stored procedures to produce data on demand. Step 2: The results from step one are saved in an Excel document, so business users can analyse them with filters or pivot tables. Alternatively, SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) might be used to generate a report of the SQL query for display on an intranet page. Step 3: If these queries are run frequently, or business users want to explore data from multiple sources more freely, it may become necessary to create a new database structured for analysis rather than CRUD (create, retrieve, update, and delete). For example, data from more than one system — plus external information — may be incorporated into a data warehouse. This can become ‘one source of truth’ for the business’s operational activities. The warehouse will probably have a simple ‘star’ schema, with fact tables representing the measures to be analysed (e.g. unit sales, revenue) and dimension tables defining how this data is aggregated (e.g. by time, region or product). Reports can be generated from the warehouse with Excel, SSRS or other tools. Step 4: Not too long ago, Microsoft introduced an Excel plug-in, PowerPivot, which allows users to bring larger volumes of data into Excel documents and create links between multiple tables.  These BISM Tabular documents can be created by the database owners or other expert Excel users and viewed by anyone with Excel PowerPivot. Sometimes, business users may use PowerPivot to create reports directly from the primary database, bypassing the need for a data warehouse. This can introduce problems when there are misunderstandings of the database structure or no single ‘source of truth’ for key data. Step 5: Steps three or four are often enough to satisfy business intelligence needs, especially if users are sophisticated enough to work with the warehouse in Excel or SSRS. However, sometimes the relationships between data are too complex or the queries which aggregate across periods, regions etc are too slow. In these cases, it can be necessary to formalise how the data is analysed and pre-build some of the aggregations. To do this, a business intelligence professional will typically use SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS) to create a multidimensional model — or “cube” — that more simply represents key measures and aggregates them across specified dimensions. Step five is where our tool, SSAS Compare, becomes useful, as it helps review and deploy changes from development to production. For us at Red Gate, the primary value of SSAS Compare is to establish a dialog with BI users, so we can develop a portfolio of products that support creation and deployment across a range of report and model types. For example, PowerPivot and the new BISM Tabular model create a potential customer base for tools that extend beyond BI professionals. We’re interested in learning where people are in this story, so we’ve created a six-question survey to find out. Whether you’re at step one or step five, we’d love to know how you use BI so we can decide how to build tools that solve your problems. So if you have a sixty seconds to spare, tell us on the survey!

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• Getting Started with Cloud Computing

  - by juanlarios

  You’ve likely heard about how Office 365 and Windows Intune are great applications to get you started with Cloud Computing. Many of you emailed me asking for more info on what Cloud Computing is, including the distinction between "Public Cloud" and "Private Cloud". I want to address these questions and help you get started. Let's begin with a brief set of definitions and some places to find more info; however, an excellent place where you can always learn more about Cloud Computing is the Microsoft Virtual Academy. Public Cloud computing means that the infrastructure to run and manage the applications users are taking advantage of is run by someone else and not you. In other words, you do not buy the hardware or software to run your email or other services being used in your organization – that is done by someone else. Users simply connect to these services from their computers and you pay a monthly subscription fee for each user that is taking advantage of the service. Examples of Public Cloud services include Office 365, Windows Intune, Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online, Hotmail, and others. Private Cloud computing generally means that the hardware and software to run services used by your organization is run on your premises, with the ability for business groups to self-provision the services they need based on rules established by the IT department. Generally, Private Cloud implementations today are found in larger organizations but they are also viable for small and medium-sized businesses since they generally allow an automation of services and reduction in IT workloads when properly implemented. Having the right management tools, like System Center 2012, to implement and operate Private Cloud is important in order to be successful. So – how do you get started? The first step is to determine what makes the most sense to your organization. The nice thing is that you do not need to pick Public or Private Cloud – you can use elements of both where it makes sense for your business – the choice is yours. When you are ready to try and purchase Public Cloud technologies, the Microsoft Volume Licensing web site is a good place to find links to each of the online services. In particular, if you are interested in a trial for each service, you can visit the following pages: Office 365, CRM Online, Windows Intune, and Windows Azure. For Private Cloud technologies, start with some of the courses on Microsoft Virtual Academy and then download and install the Microsoft Private Cloud technologies including Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V and System Center 2012 in your own environment and take it for a spin. Also, keep up to date with the Canadian IT Pro blog to learn about events Microsoft is delivering such as the IT Virtualization Boot Camps and more to get you started with these technologies hands on. Finally, I want to ask for your help to allow the team at Microsoft to continue to provide you what you need. Twice a year through something we call "The Global Relationship Study" – they reach out and contact you to see how they're doing and what Microsoft could do better. If you get an email from "Microsoft Feedback" with the subject line "Help Microsoft Focus on Customers and Partners" between March 5th and April 13th, please take a little time to tell them what you think. Cloud Computing Resources: Microsoft Server and Cloud Computing site – information on Microsoft's overall cloud strategy and products. Microsoft Virtual Academy – for free online training to help improve your IT skillset. Office 365 Trial/Info page – get more information or try it out for yourself. Office 365 Videos – see how businesses like yours have used Office 365 to transition to the cloud. Windows Intune Trial/Info – get more information or try it out for yourself. Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online page – information on trying and licensing Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online. Additional Resources You May Find Useful: Springboard Series Your destination for technical resources, free tools and expert guidance to ease the deployment and management of your Windows-based client infrastructure. TechNet Evaluation Center Try some of our latest Microsoft products for free, Like System Center 2012 Pre-Release Products, and evaluate them before you buy. AlignIT Manager Tech Talk Series A monthly streamed video series with a range of topics for both infrastructure and development managers. Ask questions and participate real-time or watch the on-demand recording. Tech·Days Online Discover what's next in technology and innovation with Tech·Days session recordings, hands-on labs and Tech·Days TV.

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• Can you/should you develop components for ASP.NET MVC?

  - by Vilx-

  Following from the previous question I've started to wonder - is it possible to implement "Components" in ASP.NET MVC (latest version)? And should you? Let's clarify what I mean with a "component". With that I mean a "control" (aka "widget"), similar to those that ASP.NET webforms is built upon. A gridview might be a good example. In webforms I can place on my form a datasource component (one line of code), a gridview component (another line of code) and bind them together (specify an attribute on the gridview). In the codebehind file I fill the datasource with data (a few lines of DB-querying code), and I'm all set. At this point the gridview is a fully functional standalone component. I can open the form, and I'll see all the data. I can sort it by clicking on the column headers; it is split into several pages; I can drag the column headers around and rearrange columns; I can turn on "grouping" mode; etc. And I don't need to write another line of code for any of it. The gridview, as a component, already has all the code tucked away in its classes and assemblies. I just place it on the form, initialize it, and it Just Works. At some times (like sorting or navigation to a different page) it will also perform ajax callbacks to the server, but those too will be handled internally, with my code having no knowledge at all about it. And then there are also events that I can attach if I want to get notified when something happens. In MVC I cannot see a way of doing this cleanly. Sure, there are the partial views, but those only handle half of the problem - they render the initial HTML. Some more can be achieved with client-side Javascript (like column re-arranging), but when the grid needs to do an ajax callback (say, to fetch the next page of data), my code will have to get involved and process that request. At best I guess I can provide some helper methods to process it, but I'll have to write the code that calls them, and also provide a controller method with signature matching the arguments of that callback. I guess that I could make some hacks with global events or special routes or something, but that just seems... hackish. Unelegant. Perhaps this is not the MVC way? Although I've completed one project in it, I'm still far from being an MVC expert. But then what is? In the intranet application that we're building there are dozens upon dozens of such grids. Naturally I want them all to have a unified look & behavior, and I don't want to repeat the same code all over the place. So what's the "MVC" approach to this problem?

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• What's new in Servlet 3.1 ? - Java EE 7 moving forward

  - by arungupta

  Servlet 3.0 was released as part of Java EE 6 and made huge changes focused at ease-of-use. The idea was to leverage the latest language features such as annotations and generics and modernize how Servlets can be written. The web.xml was made as optional as possible. Servet 3.1 (JSR 340), scheduled to be part of Java EE 7, is an incremental release focusing on couple of key features and some clarifications in the specification. The main features of Servlet 3.1 are explained below: Non-blocking I/O - Servlet 3.0 allowed asynchronous request processing but only traditional I/O was permitted. This can restrict scalability of your applications. Non-blocking I/O allow to build scalable applications. TOTD #188 provide more details about how non-blocking I/O can be done using Servlet 3.1. HTTP protocol upgrade mechanism - Section 14.42 in the HTTP 1.1 specification (RFC 2616) defines an upgrade mechanism that allows to transition from HTTP 1.1 to some other, incompatible protocol. The capabilities and nature of the application-layer communication after the protocol change is entirely dependent upon the new protocol chosen. After an upgrade is negotiated between the client and the server, the subsequent requests use the new chosen protocol for message exchanges. A typical example is how WebSocket protocol is upgraded from HTTP as described in Opening Handshake section of RFC 6455. The decision to upgrade is made in Servlet.service method. This is achieved by adding a new method: HttpServletRequest.upgrade and two new interfaces: javax.servlet.http.HttpUpgradeHandler and javax.servlet.http.WebConnection. TyrusHttpUpgradeHandler shows how WebSocket protocol upgrade is done in Tyrus (Reference Implementation for Java API for WebSocket). Security enhancements Applying run-as security roles to #init and #destroy methods Session fixation attack by adding HttpServletRequest.changeSessionId and a new interface HttpSessionIdListener. You can listen for any session id changes using these methods. Default security semantic for non-specified HTTP method in <security-constraint> Clarifying the semantics if a parameter is specified in the URI and payload Miscellaneous ServletResponse.reset clears any data that exists in the buffer as well as the status code, headers. In addition, Servlet 3.1 will also clears the state of calling getServletOutputStream or getWriter. ServletResponse.setCharacterEncoding: Sets the character encoding (MIME charset) of the response being sent to the client, for example, to UTF-8. Relative protocol URL can be specified in HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect. This will allow a URL to be specified without a scheme. That means instead of specifying "http://anotherhost.com/foo/bar.jsp" as a redirect address, "//anotherhost.com/foo/bar.jsp" can be specified. In this case the scheme of the corresponding request will be used. Clarification in HttpServletRequest.getPart and .getParts without multipart configuration. Clarification that ServletContainerInitializer is independent of metadata-complete and is instantiated per web application. A complete replay of What's New in Servlet 3.1: An Overview from JavaOne 2012 can be seen here (click on CON6793_mp4_6793_001 in Media). Each feature will be added to the JSR subject to EG approval. You can share your feedback to [email protected]. Here are some more references for you: Servlet 3.1 Public Review Candidate Downloads Servlet 3.1 PR Candidate Spec Servlet 3.1 PR Candidate Javadocs Servlet Specification Project JSR Expert Group Discussion Archive Java EE 7 Specification Status Several features have already been integrated in GlassFish 4 Promoted Builds. Have you tried any of them ? Here are some other Java EE 7 primers published so far: Concurrency Utilities for Java EE (JSR 236) Collaborative Whiteboard using WebSocket in GlassFish 4 (TOTD #189) Non-blocking I/O using Servlet 3.1 (TOTD #188) What's New in EJB 3.2 ? JPA 2.1 Schema Generation (TOTD #187) WebSocket Applications using Java (JSR 356) Jersey 2 in GlassFish 4 (TOTD #182) WebSocket and Java EE 7 (TOTD #181) Java API for JSON Processing (JSR 353) JMS 2.0 Early Draft (JSR 343) And of course, more on their way! Do you want to see any particular one first ?

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• Come up with a real-world problem in which only the best solution will do (a problem from Introduction to algorithms) [closed]

  - by Mike

  EDITED (I realized that the question certainly needs a context) The problem 1.1-5 in the book of Thomas Cormen et al Introduction to algorithms is: "Come up with a real-world problem in which only the best solution will do. Then come up with one in which a solution that is “approximately” the best is good enough." I'm interested in its first statement. And (from my understanding) it is asked to name a real-world problem where only the exact solution will work as opposed to a real-world problem where good-enough solution will be ok. So what is the difference between the exact and good enough solution. Consider some physics problem for example the simulation of the fulid flow in the permeable medium. To make this simulation happen some simplyfing assumptions have to be made when deriving a mathematical model. Otherwise the model becomes at least complex and unsolvable. Virtually any particle in the universe has its influence on the fluid flow. But not all particles are equal. Those that form the permeable medium are much more influental than the ones located light years away. Then when the mathematical model needs to be solved an exact solution can rarely be found unless the mathematical model is simple enough (wich probably means the model isn't close to reality). We take an approximate numerical method and after hours of coding and days of verification come up with the program or algorithm which is a solution. And if the model and an algorithm give results close to a real problem by some degree that is good enough soultion. Its worth noting the difference between exact solution algorithm and exact computation result. When considering real-world problems and real-world computation machines I believe all physical problems solutions where any calculations are taken can not be exact because universal physical constants are represented approximately in the computer. Any numbers are represented with the limited precision, at least limited by amount of memory available to computing machine. I can imagine plenty of problems where good-enough, good to some degree solution will work, like train scheduling, automated trading, satellite orbit calculation, health care expert systems. In that cases exact solutions can't be derived due to constraints on computation time, limitations in computer memory or due to the nature of problems. I googled this question and like what this guy suggests: there're kinds of mathematical problems that need exact solutions (little note here: because the question is taken from the book "Introduction to algorithms" the term "solution" means an algorithm or a program, which in this case gives exact answer on each input). But that's probably more of theoretical interest. So I would like to narrow down the question to: What are the real-world practical problems where only the best (exact) solution algorithm or program will do (but not the good-enough solution)? There are problems like breaking of cryptographic ciphers where only exact solution matters in practice and again in practice the process of deciphering without knowing a secret should take reasonable amount of time. Returning to the original question this is the problem where good-enough (fast-enough) solution will do there's no practical need in instant crack though it's desired. So the quality of "best" can be understood in any sense: exact, fastest, requiring least memory, having minimal possible network traffic etc. And still I want this question to be theoretical if possible. In a sense that there may be example of computer X that has limited resource R of amount Y where the best solution to problem P is the one that takes not more than available Y for inputs of size N*Y. But that's the problem of finding solution for P on computer X which is... well, good enough. My final thought that we live in a world where it is required from programming solutions to practical purposes to be good enough. In rare cases really very very good but still not the best ones. Isn't it? :) If it's not can you provide an example? Or can you name any such unsolved problem of practical interest?

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• F# Objects &ndash; Integration with the other .Net Languages &ndash; Part 2

  - by MarkPearl

  So in part one of my posting I covered the real basics of object creation. Today I will hopefully dig a little deeper… My expert F# book brings up an interesting point – properties in F# are just syntactic sugar for method calls. This makes sense… for instance assume I had the following object with the property exposed called Firstname. type Person(Firstname : string, Lastname : string) = member v.Firstname = Firstname I could extend the Firstname property with the following code and everything would be hunky dory… type Person(Firstname : string, Lastname : string) = member v.Firstname = Console.WriteLine("Side Effect") Firstname   All that this would do is each time I use the property Firstname, I would see the side effect printed to the screen saying “Side Effect”. Member methods have a very similar look & feel to properties, in fact the only difference really is that you declare that parameters are being passed in. type Person(Firstname : string, Lastname : string) = member v.FullName(middleName) = Firstname + " " + middleName + " " + Lastname   In the code above, FullName requires the parameter middleName, and if viewed from another project in C# would show as a method and not a property. Precomputation Optimizations Okay, so something that is obvious once you think of it but that poses an interesting side effect of mutable value holders is pre-computation of results. All it is, is a slight difference in code but can result in quite a huge saving in performance. Basically pre-computation means you would not need to compute a value every time a method is called – but could perform the computation at the creation of the object (I hope I have got it right). In a way I battle to differentiate this from lazy evaluation but I will show an example to explain the principle. Let me try and show an example to illustrate the principle… assume the following F# module namespace myNamespace open System module myMod = let Add val1 val2 = Console.WriteLine("Compute") val1 + val2 type MathPrecompute(val1 : int, val2 : int) = let precomputedsum = Add val1 val2 member v.Sum = precomputedsum type MathNormalCompute(val1 : int, val2 : int) = member v.Sum = Add val1 val2 Now assume you have a C# console app that makes use of the objects with code similar to the following… using System; using myNamespace; namespace CSharpTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("Constructing Objects"); var myObj1 = new myMod.MathNormalCompute(10, 11); var myObj2 = new myMod.MathPrecompute(10, 11); Console.WriteLine(""); Console.WriteLine("Normal Compute Sum..."); Console.WriteLine(myObj1.Sum); Console.WriteLine(myObj1.Sum); Console.WriteLine(myObj1.Sum); Console.WriteLine(""); Console.WriteLine("Pre Compute Sum..."); Console.WriteLine(myObj2.Sum); Console.WriteLine(myObj2.Sum); Console.WriteLine(myObj2.Sum); Console.ReadKey(); } } } The output when running the console application would be as follows…. You will notice with the normal compute object that the system would call the Add function every time the method was called. With the Precompute object it only called the compute method when the object was created. Subtle, but something that could lead to major performance benefits. So… this post has gone off in a slight tangent but still related to F# objects.

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• Is the Leptonica implementation of 'Modified Median Cut' not using the median at all?

  - by TheCodeJunkie

  I'm playing around a bit with image processing and decided to read up on how color quantization worked and after a bit of reading I found the Modified Median Cut Quantization algorithm. I've been reading the code of the C implementation in Leptonica library and came across something I thought was a bit odd. Now I want to stress that I am far from an expert in this area, not am I a math-head, so I am predicting that this all comes down to me not understanding all of it and not that the implementation of the algorithm is wrong at all. The algorithm states that the vbox should be split along the lagest axis and that it should be split using the following logic The largest axis is divided by locating the bin with the median pixel (by population), selecting the longer side, and dividing in the center of that side. We could have simply put the bin with the median pixel in the shorter side, but in the early stages of subdivision, this tends to put low density clusters (that are not considered in the subdivision) in the same vbox as part of a high density cluster that will outvote it in median vbox color, even with future median-based subdivisions. The algorithm used here is particularly important in early subdivisions, and 3is useful for giving visible but low population color clusters their own vbox. This has little effect on the subdivision of high density clusters, which ultimately will have roughly equal population in their vboxes. For the sake of the argument, let's assume that we have a vbox that we are in the process of splitting and that the red axis is the largest. In the Leptonica algorithm, on line 01297, the code appears to do the following Iterate over all the possible green and blue variations of the red color For each iteration it adds to the total number of pixels (population) it's found along the red axis For each red color it sum up the population of the current red and the previous ones, thus storing an accumulated value, for each red note: when I say 'red' I mean each point along the axis that is covered by the iteration, the actual color may not be red but contains a certain amount of red So for the sake of illustration, assume we have 9 "bins" along the red axis and that they have the following populations 4 8 20 16 1 9 12 8 8 After the iteration of all red bins, the partialsum array will contain the following count for the bins mentioned above 4 12 32 48 49 58 70 78 86 And total would have a value of 86 Once that's done it's time to perform the actual median cut and for the red axis this is performed on line 01346 It iterates over bins and check they accumulated sum. And here's the part that throws me of from the description of the algorithm. It looks for the first bin that has a value that is greater than total/2 Wouldn't total/2 mean that it is looking for a bin that has a value that is greater than the average value and not the median ? The median for the above bins would be 49 The use of 43 or 49 could potentially have a huge impact on how the boxes are split, even though the algorithm then proceeds by moving to the center of the larger side of where the matched value was.. Another thing that puzzles me a bit is that the paper specified that the bin with the median value should be located, but does not mention how to proceed if there are an even number of bins.. the median would be the result of (a+b)/2 and it's not guaranteed that any of the bins contains that population count. So this is what makes me thing that there are some approximations going on that are negligible because of how the split actually takes part at the center of the larger side of the selected bin. Sorry if it got a bit long winded, but I wanted to be as thoroughas I could because it's been driving me nuts for a couple of days now ;)

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• Crystal Reports Reportviewer - Set Datasource Dynamically Not Working :argh:

  - by Albert

  I'm running CR XI, and accessing .RPT files through a ReportViewer in my ASP.NET pages. I've already got the following code, which is supposed to set the Report Datasource dynamically. rptSP = New ReportDocument Dim rptPath As String = Request.QueryString("report") rptSP.Load(rptPath.ToString, 0) Dim SConn As New System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionStringBuilder(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings("MyConnectionString").ConnectionString) rptSP.DataSourceConnections(SConn.DataSource, SConn.InitialCatalog).SetConnection(SConn.DataSource, SConn.InitialCatalog, SConn.UserID, SConn.Password) Dim myConnectionInfo As ConnectionInfo = New ConnectionInfo myConnectionInfo.ServerName = SConn.DataSource myConnectionInfo.DatabaseName = SConn.InitialCatalog myConnectionInfo.UserID = SConn.UserID myConnectionInfo.Password = SConn.Password 'Two new methods to loop through all objects and tables contained in the requested report and set 'login credentials for each object and table. SetDBLogonForReport(myConnectionInfo, rptSP) SetDBLogonForSubreports(myConnectionInfo, rptSP) Me.CrystalReportViewer1.ReportSource = rptSP But when I go into each .RPT file, and open up the Database Expert section, there is obviously still servernames hardcoded in there, and the code listed above doesn't seem to be able to change the servernames that are hardcoded there. I say this because I have training and production environments. When the .RPT file is hardcoded with my production server, and I open it on my training server with the code above (and the web.config has the training server in the connection string), I get the ol: Object reference not set to an instance of an object. And then if I go into the .RPT file, and change over the datasource to the training server, and try to open it again, it works fine. Why doesn't the code above overwrite the .RPT files datasource? How can I avoid having to open up each .RPT and change the datasource when migrating reports from server to server? Is there a setting in the .RPT file I'm missing or something?

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• crystal reports : cannot determine the queries necessary to get data for this report

  - by phill

  I've recently come across the following error in one of my crystal reports following an accounting system update. Group #1: ? - A : This group section cannot be printed because its condition field is nonexistent or invalid. Format the section to choose another condition field. I've verified every database field being used to ensure it still exists for consistency and checked the formulas for that section. No dice. So to hopefully fix the problem, i remove the section using the Section expert. I run the same database checks. It then complains with the same error for Group #5. So i remove that as well. now I have a new and unusual error when i attempt to run 'Show Query'. the error is: "Cannot determine the queries necessary to get data for this report" I have tried to logon/logoff the database and verify database. No complaints until i try to run, show query. When I attempt to run the report, it also throws the same error. any ideas? Am I approaching this incorrectly? this is done in crystal reports 10. note: this report is run with the sql sa user to eliminate any permission issues.

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• Eclipse Helios - Not Stopping at Breakpoints (Help!)

  - by Rylie

  Dear Eclipse Expert, I recently upgraded from Eclipse Galileo to Helios. Helios stops at breakpoints ONLY when debugging "as a PHP Script", but not when debugging "as a Web Page". When debugging as a web page, it looks like the correct debug query string to start a debug session is getting tacked on to the url, like so: http://localhost/hello.php?XDEBUG_SESSION_START=ECLIPSE_DBGP &KEY=129798139020511 but elipse does not stop at the breakpoints. It just zooms thru the code and displays the output in the browser. This is my xdebug configuration in php.ini that works for Galileo, but is not working for Helios: (click here to see my entire xdebug config settings) ;extension=xdebug.so <-- is this needed? zend_extension=" /Applications/MAMP/bin/php5.3/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-no n-zts-20090626/xdebug.so " xdebug.remote_enable=on xdebug.remote_autostart=off xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp xdebug.remote_mode=req xdebug.remote_host=127.0.0.1 xdebug.remote_port=9000 xdebug.idekey= ; to enable remote debugging zend_debugger.allow_hosts=127.0.0.1/32 zend_debugger.expose_remotely=always Can you post your xdebug configuration that works for Helios? If possible, can you share the xdebug portion of your phpinfo() output? Would like to compare settings of an xdebug configuration that works on Helios with what I have. Thanks in advance. Rylie

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• How to share session cookies between Internet Explorer and an ActiveX components hosted in a webpage

  - by jerem

  I am currently working on a .Net application which makes HTTP requests to some web applications hosted on a IIS server. The application is deployed through ClickOnce and is working fine on simple networks architectures. One of our customers has a very complex network involving a custom authentication server on which the user has first to log himself in order to be authenticated and get access to other applications on this network. Once authenticated on this server, a session cookie is created and sent to the user. Every time the user then makes a request on a secured server of the network, this cookie is checked to grant access to the user. If this cookie is not sent with the request, the user is redirected to the login page. The only browser used is Internet Explorer. This cookie cannot be accessed from our .net application since it is executed in another process than the Internet Explorer process which was used to log the user in, and thus is not sent with our requests, which cannot be completed since the server redirects every of our requests to the login page. I had a look at embedding my application into Internet Explorer by making the main control COM visible and creating it on an HTML page with an tag. It is working properly, however the sessions cookies set earlier in the browser are not sent when the ActiveX control makes web requests. I was hoping this sharing of the session information would be automatic (although I didn't really believe it). So my questions are : Is it possible to have access to this cookie in the embedded ActiveX? How? Does it make a difference to use a .Net COM-interop component instead of a "true" ActiveX control? Also, are there specific security words to describe this kind of behaviors (given that I am not an expert at all on security topics, this lack of proper terminology makes it a lot harder to find the needed resources)? My goal is to have my application's requests look the same from the requests made by the host browser's requests, and I thought that embedding the application as an ActiveX control into the browser was the only way to achieve this, however any suggestion on another to do this is welcome.

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• prototype.js equivalent to jquery ajaxSettings cache = true addthis plugin

  - by openstepmedia

  I need help from a prototype.js expert: I'm trying to achieve the following (taken from the addthis forum), and port the solution from jquery to prototype.js (I'm using magento). Original post is here: http://www.addthis.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=22217 For the getScript() function, I can create a custom function to load the remote js, however I'm trying to load the js file via the prototype ajax call, and trying to avoid having the script cached in the browser. <script type="text/javascript" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#changeURL").click(function() { $(".addthis_button").attr("addthis:url","http://www.example.com"); window.addthis.ost = 0; window.addthis.ready(); }); }); // prevent jQuery from appending cache busting string to the end of the URL var cache = jQuery.ajaxSettings.cache; jQuery.ajaxSettings.cache = true; jQuery.getScript('http://s7.addthis.com/js/250/addthis_widget.js'); // Restore jQuery caching setting jQuery.ajaxSettings.cache = cache; </script> <p id="changeURL">Change URL</p> <a class="addthis_button" addthis:url="http://www.google.com"></a> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://s7.addthis.com/js/250/addthis_widget.js#username=rahf"></script>

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• How to insert inline content from one FlowDocument into another?

  - by Robert Rossney

  I'm building an application that needs to allow a user to insert text from one RichTextBox at the current caret position in another one. I spent a lot of time screwing around with the FlowDocument's object model before running across this technique - source and target are both FlowDocuments: using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { TextRange tr = new TextRange(source.ContentStart, source.ContentEnd); tr.Save(ms, DataFormats.Xaml); ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); tr = new TextRange(target.CaretPosition, target.CaretPosition); tr.Load(ms, DataFormats.Xaml); } This works remarkably well. The only problem I'm having with it now is that it always inserts the source as a new paragraph. It breaks the current run (or whatever) at the caret, inserts the source, and ends the paragraph. That's appropriate if the source actually is a paragraph (or more than one paragraph), but not if it's just (say) a line of text. I think it's likely that the answer to this is going to end up being checking the target to see if it consists entirely of a single block, and if it does, setting the TextRange to point at the beginning and end of the block's content before saving it to the stream. The entire world of the FlowDocument is a roiling sea of dark mysteries to me. I can become an expert at it if I have to (per Dostoevsky: "Man is the animal who can get used to anything."), but if someone has already figured this out and can tell me how to do this it would make my life far easier.

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• Creating a drop-down row in displaytag

  - by bphilipnyc

  I am currently using displaytag for tabular data, but would like to create a "kayak.com-like" interface where when a user clicks a row, the user is shown more details about the particular row without a page refresh. I tried using a decorator to return javascript that would do this. The javascript is executed, but it is only reflected in the column where it was rendered. I am looking to create a new row with the data. e.g.: public class CustomDecorator extends TableDecorator { public String getDetailsRow() { MyObject object = (MyObject)this.getCurrentRowObject(); return "<a onClick=\"myjsfunction(object.getId()); return true\">Details</a>"; } } ...and in the JSP I would have a detailsRow property nested between the display:table tags: <display:column property="detailsRow" sortable="false" /> Any tips on how to create a new row? The solution may be in the way that the javascript is written - I'm not an expert with Javascript, so any tips would be appreciated. Is there a better way to do this with displaytag? I don't know of any explicit integration that displaytag has with javascript (like an "onclick" parameter) either. This is my first question on stackoverflow, btw - so please let me know whether you need more detail.

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• What components and IDE add-ins do you install with Delphi?

  - by Mick

  After a clean install of Delphi, what components and IDE add-ins do you make certain that you install? What's your Delphi "rig"? Here's what I install after a clean installation: Delphi 2007 JCL / JVCL - JEDI Code Library and JEDI Visual Code Library (600+ components) JWA / JWSCL - JEDI API Library & Security Code Library GExperts - GExperts is a free set of tools built to increase the productivity of Delphi and C++Builder programmers by adding several features to the IDE. TWM's experimental GExperts code formatter - adds code formatting capabilities to Delphi Virtual TreeView - Virtual Treeview is a treeview control built from ground up. More than 5 years of development made it one of the most flexible and advanced tree controls available today. MustangPeak Components (EasyList View, Virtual ShellTools, etc) - EasyListview is a control that has no dependance on the Microsoft Listview control but has all the features of the latest version from Microsoft. Also includes 'Explorer.exe' like shell components. Synapse lightweight networking components - contains simple low level non-visual objects for easy programming without problems. (no required multi-threaded synchronization, no need for windows message processing,…) Great for command line utilities, visual projects, NT services EurekaLog - EurekaLog is a complete bug resolution tool for Delphi and C++Builder developers that gives your application the power to catch every exception and memory leak, directly on the end user PC, generating a detailed log of the call stack (with file, class, method and line number), optionally sending you a copy of each log entry via email or to a web bug-tracker. DelphiSpeedUp - DelphiSpeedUp is an IDE plugin for Delphi and C++Builder. It improves the IDE’s startup speed and increases the general speed of the whole IDE. DDevExtensions - DDevExtensions extends the Delphi/C++Builder IDE by adding some new productivity features. IDE Fix Pack - The IDE Fix Pack installs is a DLL-Expert that fixes the following RAD Studio 2007 bugs at runtime. All changes are done in memory. No file on disk is modified. TPerlRegex - Regular Expression library for Delphi How about other Delphi developers?

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• Getting started with Spring 3 Web MVC - Setting everything up

  - by user126379

  Hi, I'm trying to get started with JAVA/Eclipse/Spring MVC but can't seem to find a "dummies" or "step-by-step" guide for setting everything up and creating the simplest proof-of-concept application. I found http://static.springsource.org/docs/...-step-by-step/ but there seem to be differences between Spring 2.5 and Spring 3 so i'm looking for something for Spring 3. Also, the tutorial for Spring 2.5 focuses on building the application usign Ant - This i will certainly be doing for releasing but when working within Eclipse i want to have set up the project so that i can use breakpoints/debugging and this is not covered at all. I've downloaded Eclipse, Tomcat and the Spring 3 Framework but that's about it and within the downloaded Spring Framework documentation it states: 2.3 New getting started tutorial There is now a new getting started tutorial for developing a basic Spring 3.0 MVC web application. This tutorial is a separate document that can be found at the Spring Documentation page However, i can't seem to find such a tutorial on the linked page. My main problem at the moment, as seems to be the case for many people trying to get started with Spring, is that i can't seem to get everything set up. I've got a copy of Expert Spring MVC and Web Flow and i've also found this tutorial but i don't know if the setups they describe are still relevant and whether they will allow debugging. Can anyone please give some direction? Thanks

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• c++ generate a good random seed for psudo random number generators

  - by posop

  I am trying to generate a good random seed for a psudo-random number generator. I thought I'd get the expert's opinions. let me know if this is a bad way of doing it or if there are much better ways. #include <iostream> #include <cstdlib> #include <fstream> #include <ctime> unsigned int good_seed() { unsigned int random_seed, random_seed_a, random_seed_b; std::ifstream file ("/dev/random", std::ios::binary); if (file.is_open()) { char * memblock; int size = sizeof(int); memblock = new char [size]; file.read (memblock, size); file.close(); random_seed_a = int(memblock); delete[] memblock; }// end if else { random_seed_a = 0; } random_seed_b = std::time(0); random_seed = random_seed_a xor random_seed_b; return random_seed; } // end good_seed()

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• When am I ready for contracting work?

  - by Kirk Broadhurst

  What skills are required to work on a temp / contracting basis, and how does a developer know when they are ready to work in these circumstances? I have some colleagues who are suggesting contracting work is 'the way to go'; the pay is significantly better. It appears that when a permanent position pays (X times $10k) per year, the corresponding contract position pays almost $X per hour - which is close to twice as much. I look forward to doing this type of work as an experienced expert, but worry that by doing so right now I'd be turning away learning and development opportunities. My assumptions about contract work are the following: less / zero money invested on training and development less concern for job satisfaction and learning ("they won't be here in 12 months") possibly less concern about the overall quality of the project ("we won't be here in 12 months") There are similar questions on stack overflow at the moment but what I've really looking for is: What does the developer give up by moving to contract work? Is it preferable to have structured learning in a permanent position rather than seat-of-the-pants learning in a contract position? What skill leve should the contractor have before making the move? Is there still the same kind of growth in contracting that there is in permanent positions? Rightly or wrongly, I see this as a choice between $ (contracting) and learning / development (permanent). Is this fair?

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• Comparing objects with IDispatch to get main frame only (BHO)

  - by shaimagz

  I don't know if anyone familiar with BHO (Browser Helper Object), but an expert in c++ can help me too. In my BHO I want to run the OnDocumentComplete() function only on the main frame - the first container and not all the Iframes inside the current page. (an alternative is to put some code only when this is the main frame). I can't find how to track when is it the main frame that being populated. After searching in google I found out that each frame has "IDispatch* pDisp", and I have to compare it with a pointer to the first one. This is the main function: STDMETHODIMP Browsarity::SetSite(IUnknown* pUnkSite) { if (pUnkSite != NULL) { // Cache the pointer to IWebBrowser2. HRESULT hr = pUnkSite->QueryInterface(IID_IWebBrowser2, (void **)&m_spWebBrowser); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { // Register to sink events from DWebBrowserEvents2. hr = DispEventAdvise(m_spWebBrowser); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) { m_fAdvised = TRUE; } } } else { // Unregister event sink. if (m_fAdvised) { DispEventUnadvise(m_spWebBrowser); m_fAdvised = FALSE; } // Release cached pointers and other resources here. m_spWebBrowser.Release(); } // Call base class implementation. return IObjectWithSiteImpl<Browsarity>::SetSite(pUnkSite); } This is where I want to be aware whether its the main window(frame) or not: void STDMETHODCALLTYPE Browsarity::OnDocumentComplete(IDispatch *pDisp, VARIANT *pvarURL) { // as you can see, this function get the IDispatch *pDisp which is unique to every frame. //some code } I asked this question on Microsoft forum and I got an answer without explaining how to actually implement that: http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/ieextensiondevelopment/thread/7c433bfa-30d7-42db-980a-70e62640184c

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• Problem with Tapestry palette's arrow icons in IE8

  - by JellyHead

  I'm using Tapestry to create pages for a web app, and have been using the palette component to add/delete items to/from a group. The page looks great in Firefox (Tapestry seems biased towards Firefox), but my customers will all be using Internet Explorer (any versions from 6, 7, & 8) and in IE8, the disabled arrow buttons look awful. In Firefox, they are faded, using an opacity setting of 25%, but this doesn't work in IE8 and instead you get a faded image with an ugly black border around the image. In tapestry-core's stylesheet (default.css), you have the following for a disabled arrow button. DIV.t-palette-controls BUTTON[disabled] IMG { filter: alpha(opacity = 25); -moz-opacity: .25; } These are clearly out of date, as -moz-opacity is no longer supported by Firefox (use opacity: 25 instead). The problem is with filter: "alpha(opacity = 25);". If I remove this, the arrows look fine in IE8, but they are not faded. I got the magic instruction: -ms-filter:"progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(opacity=25)"; from various websites, but putting this in does not work either - the arrow icons are ugly again. The icon itself (distributed with Tapestry) just seems to be a regular PNG, but I'm not an expert on image formats, so maybe there's a problem there? Anyone else had this problem?

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• JAVA Regular Expression Errors

  - by Berkay

  I'm working on a simply password strength checker and i can not success applying regular expressions. In different resources different kinds of regular expressions are defined. i also find javascript regular expressions but had some problems to adapt. First, these are the regular expressions i need for JAVA: at least one lower case letter at least one upper case letter at least one number at least three numbers at least one special character at least two special characters both letters and numbers both upper and lower case letters, numbers, and special characters My goal is not being a regular expression expert i just want to use the parts i need.If you direct me good tutorials which discusses above for java, will be appreciated. Second, in this link some of them are mentioned but i'm getting problems to apply them. here does not catch the lower case letter (my pass: A5677a) if (passwd.matches("(?=.*[a-z])")) // [verified] at least one lower case letter {Score = Score+5;} Also here i'm getting error : illegal escape character. if (passwd.matches("(?=.*\d)")) // [verified] at least one number Finally, are these expressions all different in different kind of programming or script languages?

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• Why does division yield a vastly different result than multiplication by a fraction in floating points.

  - by Avram

  I understand why floating point numbers can't be compared, and know about the mantissa and exponent binary representation, but I'm no expert and today I came across something I don't get: Namely lets say you have something like: float denominator, numerator, resultone, resulttwo; resultone = numerator / denominator; float buff = 1 / denominator; resulttwo = numerator * buff; To my knowledge different flops can yield different results and this is not unusual. But in some edge cases these two results seem to be vastly different. To be more specific in my GLSL code calculating the Beckmann facet slope distribution for the Cook-Torrance lighitng model: float a = 1 / (facetSlopeRMS * facetSlopeRMS * pow(clampedCosHalfNormal, 4)); float b = clampedCosHalfNormal * clampedCosHalfNormal - 1.0; float c = facetSlopeRMS * facetSlopeRMS * clampedCosHalfNormal * clampedCosHalfNormal; facetSlopeDistribution = a * exp(b/c); yields very very different results to float a = (facetSlopeRMS * facetSlopeRMS * pow(clampedCosHalfNormal, 4)); facetDlopeDistribution = exp(b/c) / a; Why does it? The second form of the expression is problematic. If I say try to add the second form of the expression to a color I get blacks, even though the expression should always evaluate to a positive number. Am I getting an infinity? A NaN? if so why?

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