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  • Copy and pasting code into the Python interpreter

    - by wpeters
    There is a snippet of code that I would like to copy and paste into my Python interpreter. Unfortunately due to Python's sensitivity to whitespace it is not straightforward to copy and paste it a way that makes sense. (I think the whitespace gets mangled) Is there a better way? Maybe I can load the snippet from a file. This is just an small example but if there is a lot of code I would like to avoid typing everything from the definition of the function or copy and pasting line by line. class bcolors: HEADER = '\033[95m' OKBLUE = '\033[94m' OKGREEN = '\033[92m' WARNING = '\033[93m' FAIL = '\033[91m' ENDC = '\033[0m' def disable(self): self.HEADER = '' # I think stuff gets mangled because of the extra level of indentation self.OKBLUE = '' self.OKGREEN = '' self.WARNING = '' self.FAIL = '' self.ENDC = ''

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  • [Python] Tips for making a fraction calculator code more optimized (faster and using less memory)

    - by Logic Named Joe
    Hello Everyone, Basicly, what I need for the program to do is to act a as simple fraction calculator (for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) for the a single line of input, for example: -input: 1/7 + 3/5 -output: 26/35 My initial code: import sys def euclid(numA, numB): while numB != 0: numRem = numA % numB numA = numB numB = numRem return numA for wejscie in sys.stdin: wyjscie = wejscie.split(' ') a, b = [int(x) for x in wyjscie[0].split("/")] c, d = [int(x) for x in wyjscie[2].split("/")] if wyjscie[1] == '+': licz = a * d + b * c mian= b * d nwd = euclid(licz, mian) konA = licz/nwd konB = mian/nwd wynik = str(konA) + '/' + str(konB) print(wynik) elif wyjscie[1] == '-': licz= a * d - b * c mian= b * d nwd = euclid(licz, mian) konA = licz/nwd konB = mian/nwd wynik = str(konA) + '/' + str(konB) print(wynik) elif wyjscie[1] == '*': licz= a * c mian= b * d nwd = euclid(licz, mian) konA = licz/nwd konB = mian/nwd wynik = str(konA) + '/' + str(konB) print(wynik) else: licz= a * d mian= b * c nwd = euclid(licz, mian) konA = licz/nwd konB = mian/nwd wynik = str(konA) + '/' + str(konB) print(wynik) Which I reduced to: import sys def euclid(numA, numB): while numB != 0: numRem = numA % numB numA = numB numB = numRem return numA for wejscie in sys.stdin: wyjscie = wejscie.split(' ') a, b = [int(x) for x in wyjscie[0].split("/")] c, d = [int(x) for x in wyjscie[2].split("/")] if wyjscie[1] == '+': print("/".join([str((a * d + b * c)/euclid(a * d + b * c, b * d)),str((b * d)/euclid(a * d + b * c, b * d))])) elif wyjscie[1] == '-': print("/".join([str((a * d - b * c)/euclid(a * d - b * c, b * d)),str((b * d)/euclid(a * d - b * c, b * d))])) elif wyjscie[1] == '*': print("/".join([str((a * c)/euclid(a * c, b * d)),str((b * d)/euclid(a * c, b * d))])) else: print("/".join([str((a * d)/euclid(a * d, b * c)),str((b * c)/euclid(a * d, b * c))])) Any advice on how to improve this futher is welcome. Edit: one more thing that I forgot to mention - the code can not make use of any libraries apart from sys.

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  • Positioning Photos in a Grid (HTML)

    - by Daniel O'Connor
    Hey Everyone, I've been trying to code this page for a while, but my biggest problem is that I can't seem to get the photos perfectly positioned. For some reason, there is a small bottom padding in each <td>which is messing things up. Here is the table code: <table> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="height:353px;"><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/farm.jpg" height="353" width="470" alt="Farm" /></td> <td><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/paragliding.jpg" height="190" width="254" alt="Paraglider" /></td> <td rowspan="2"><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/cristo.jpg" height="353" width="230" alt="Cristo Redentor" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/u2.jpg" height="154" width="254" alt="U2 at Fordham University" /></td> </tr> </table> My question is: how can I make the photogrid look like this? Thanks!

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  • Why has to be size of dynamically-allocated array a static field?

    - by Ondrej Slinták
    I have a dummy class where I am testing arrays. I've noticed that when I want to dynamically allocate size of array at runtime, fields that indicate this size have to be static. I know I should probably use collections for this kind of code, but I'm more interested why do these fields have to be static? Is there any particular reason behind this? class Foo { private static int x; private static int y; private int[,] bar = new int[ x, y ]; public Foo( int a, int b ) { x = a; y = b; } }

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  • Standard library function in R for finding the mode?

    - by Nick
    In statistical language R, mean() and median() are standard functions which do what you'd expect. mode() tells you the internal storage mode of the R object, not the value that occurs the most in its argument. But surely there is a standard library function that implements mode for a vector (or list).

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  • Why does initWithFrame have the wrong frame value?

    - by greypoint
    I have a subclass of UIButton called INMenuCard and I am overriding the initWithFrame to include an activity indicator. The menuCard places correctly but any internal reference to "frame" give me "inf,inf,0,0" which means my activityIndicator subview is not placed correctly. What might I be missing? @implementation INMenuCard - (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) { CGRect innerFrame = CGRectInset(frame, 50.0f, 100.0f); activityIndicator = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithFrame:innerFrame]; activityIndicator.activityIndicatorViewStyle = UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleWhite; [self addSubview:activityIndicator]; } return self; } I am instantiating INMenuCard with (debugging shows the CGRect values are correct): CGRect cardFrame = CGRectMake(cardX, cardStartY, cardWidth, cardHeight); INMenuCard *menuCard = [[INMenuCard buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom] initWithFrame:cardFrame]; [theView addSubView:menuCard];

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  • Python f.write() at beginning of file?

    - by kristus
    I'm doing it like this now, but i want it to write at the beginning of the file instead. f = open('out.txt', 'a') # or 'w'? f.write("string 1") f.write("string 2") f.write("string 3") f.close() so that the contenst of out.txt will be: string 3 string 2 string 1 and not (like this code does): string 1 string 2 string 3

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  • Where to start to learn Android?

    - by Tuffy G
    I want to start making a program for a local charity on the Android platform. Where can go I for resources and tutorials to learn? I'm very new at this, so would like something simple that can be followed by someone with minimal technical knowledge.

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  • In c++ is there any Events/delegates/interfaces/notifications! anything?

    - by Bach
    Say i have these classes ViewA and ViewB In objective C using the delegate pattern I could do @protocol ViewBDelegate{ - (void) doSomething(); } then in ViewB interface: id<ViewBDelegate> delegate; then in ViewA implementation i set the delegate: viewB.delegate = self; and now I can call in doSomething from viewB onto any that unknown type delegate. [delegate doSomething]; "C++ How to Program" has been the worse read an can't find simple examples that demonstrates basic design patterns. What i'm looking for in C++ is: events ActionScript and java either delegates or notifications in Objective C anything that allows class A, Class B and Class C to know that ClassX didSomething()!!! thanks

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  • Dynamically calling functions - Python

    - by RadiantHex
    Hi folks, I have a list of functions... e.g. def filter_bunnies(pets): ... def filter_turtles(pets): ... def filter_narwhals(pets): ... Is there a way to call these functions by using a string representing their name? e.g. 'filter_bunnies', 'filter_turtles', 'filter_narwhals'

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  • Codeigniter: Controller URI with Library

    - by Kevin Brown
    I have a working controller and library function, but I now need to pass a URI segment to the library for decision making, and I'm stuck. Controller: function survey($method) { $id = $this->session->userdata('id'); $data['member'] = $this->home_model->getUser($id); //Convert the db Object to a row array $data['manager'] = $data['member']->row(); $manager_id = $data['manager']->manager_id; $data['manager'] = $this->home_model->getUser($manager_id); $data['manager'] = $data['manager']->row(); if ($data['manager']->credits == '0') { flashMsg('warning',"You can't complete the assessment until your manager has purchased credit."); redirect('home','location'); } elseif ($data['manager']->test_complete == '3'){ flashMsg('warning',"You already completed the Assessment."); redirect('home','location'); } else{ $data['header'] = "Home"; $this->survey_form_processing->survey_form($this->_container,$data); } } Library: function survey_form($container) { if($method ==1){ $id = $this->CI->session->userdata('id'); // Setup fields for($i=1;$i<18;$i++){ $fields["a_".$i] = 'Question '.$i; } for($i=1;$i<17;$i++){ $fields["b_".$i] = 'Question '.$i; } $fields["company_name"] = "Company Name"; $fields['company_address'] = "company_address"; $fields['company_phone'] = "company_phone"; $fields['company_state'] = "company_state"; $fields['company_city'] = "company_city"; $fields['company_zip'] = "company_zip"; $fields['job_title'] = "job_title"; $fields['job_type'] = "job_type"; $fields['job_time'] = "job_time"; $fields['department'] = "department"; $fields['supervisor'] = "supervisor"; $fields['vision'] = "vision"; $fields['height'] = "height"; $fields['weight'] = "weight"; $fields['hand_dominance'] = "hand_dominance"; $fields['areas_of_fatigue'] = "areas_of_fatigue"; $fields['injury_review'] = "injury_review"; $fields['job_positive'] = "job_positive"; $fields['risk_factors'] = "risk_factors"; $fields['job_improvement_short'] = "job_improvement_short"; $fields['job_improvement_long'] = "job_improvement_long"; $fields["c_1"] = "Near Lift"; $fields["c_2"] = "Middle Lift"; $fields["c_3"] = "Far Lift"; $this->CI->validation->set_fields($fields); // Set Rules for($i=1;$i<18;$i++){ $rules["a_".$i]= 'hour|integer|max_length[2]'; } for($i=1;$i<17;$i++){ $rules["b_".$i]= 'hour|integer|max_length[2]'; } // Setup form default values $this->CI->validation->set_rules($rules); if ( $this->CI->validation->run() === FALSE ) { // Output any errors $this->CI->validation->output_errors(); } else { // Submit form $this->_submit(); } // Modify form, first load $this->CI->db->from('be_user_profiles'); $this->CI->db->where('user_id' , $id); $user = $this->CI->db->get(); $this->CI->db->from('be_survey'); $this->CI->db->where('user_id' , $id); $survey = $this->CI->db->get(); $user = array_merge($user->row_array(),$survey->row_array()); $this->CI->validation->set_default_value($user); // Display page $data['user'] = $user; $data['header'] = 'Risk Assessment Survey'; $data['page'] = $this->CI->config->item('backendpro_template_public') . 'form_survey'; $this->CI->load->view($container,$data); } else{ redirect('home','location'); } } My library function doesn't know what to do with Method...and I'm confused. Does it have something to do with instances in my library?

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  • C++ Typing and OOP child classes

    - by Zack
    I'm a bit confused: If I have a base class A, and a class B which extends A, can a variable of the type A hold a value of the type B and vice versa? If yes, why? Aren't they completely different even if B is derived from A? How about type-safety? If this is possible, what things do I have to mind when taking use of this? How would this work out in terms of performance? Note: Sorry if I asked too many questions, just ignore them and just look out for those "marked" with the list decoration dot :) Also, this is not my homework. I'm a hobby programmer and have skills in scripting languages with OOP, yet I'm relatively new to OOP typing in C++.

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  • "Function object is unsubscriptable" in basic integer to string mapping function

    - by IanWhalen
    I'm trying to write a function to return the word string of any number less than 1000. Everytime I run my code at the interactive prompt it appears to work without issue but when I try to import wordify and run it with a test number higher than 20 it fails as "TypeError: 'function' object is unsubscriptable". Based on the error message, it seems the issue is when it tries to index numString (for example trying to extract the number 4 out of the test case of n = 24) and the compiler thinks numString is a function instead of a string. since the first line of the function is me defining numString as a string of the variable n, I'm not really sure why that is. Any help in getting around this error, or even just help in explaining why I'm seeing it, would be awesome. def wordify(n): # Convert n to a string to parse out ones, tens and hundreds later. numString = str(n) # N less than 20 is hard-coded. if n < 21: return numToWordMap(n) # N between 21 and 99 parses ones and tens then concatenates. elif n < 100: onesNum = numString[-1] ones = numToWordMap(int(onesNum)) tensNum = numString[-2] tens = numToWordMap(int(tensNum)*10) return tens+ones else: # TODO pass def numToWordMap(num): mapping = { 0:"", 1:"one", 2:"two", 3:"three", 4:"four", 5:"five", 6:"six", 7:"seven", 8:"eight", 9:"nine", 10:"ten", 11:"eleven", 12:"twelve", 13:"thirteen", 14:"fourteen", 15:"fifteen", 16:"sixteen", 17:"seventeen", 18:"eighteen", 19:"nineteen", 20:"twenty", 30:"thirty", 40:"fourty", 50:"fifty", 60:"sixty", 70:"seventy", 80:"eighty", 90:"ninety", 100:"onehundred", 200:"twohundred", 300:"threehundred", 400:"fourhundred", 500:"fivehundred", 600:"sixhundred", 700:"sevenhundred", 800:"eighthundred", 900:"ninehundred", } return mapping[num] if __name__ == '__main__': pass

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  • Is it a good idea for me to learn Python before C or some other Compiler language?

    - by Dream Lane
    Right now I am going through MIT's introduction to Computer Science course via OpenCourseWare. As a part of this course I am learning the Python Language. I've read a lot of things about the benefits of learning C. Before I dig any deeper into Python I wonder if I will be hindered or helped by learning Python first. Do you think that I will develop any bad habits or anything like that from Python?

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  • reading csv file without for

    - by Abruzzo Forte e Gentile
    Hi All I need to read a CSV file in python. Since for last row I receive a 'NULL byte' error I would like to avoid using for keyword but the while. Do you know how to do that? reader = csv.reader( file ) for row in reader # I have an error at this line # do whatever with row I want to substitute the for-loop with a while-loop so that I can check if the row is NULL or not. What is the function for reading a single row in the CSV module? Thanks Thanks p.S. below the traceback Traceback (most recent call last): File "FetchNeuro_TodayTrades.py", line 189, in for row in reader: _csv.Error: line contains NULL byte

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  • Execute a method less times possible - PHP

    - by serhio
    I have a site in multiple languages. I have a method that returns me the today currencies in a array. I display that currencies in a table then. // --- en/index.php <?php include_once "../exchangeRates.php"; $currencies = ReadExchangeRates(); // --- fr/index.php <?php include_once "../exchangeRates.php"; $currencies = ReadExchangeRates(); ... // somewhere in the page <td><?php echo $currencies["eur"]["today"]; ?></td> So, every time I load, en/ or fr/ or other language, I request the exchange rates from a external site. Can I optimize this behavior (reading once per day or session)? maybe to store a global variable and check the update date?

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  • How to push further as a programmer?

    - by MaXX
    For the last, hmm, 6 months I've been reading into Programming in C, I got myself K&Rv2, BEEJ's socket guide, Expert C programming, Linux Systems Programming, the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 specification (real, and not draft). After receiving them from Amazon, I got Linux installed, and got to it. I'm done with K&R, about halfway through Expert C Programming, but still feel weak as a programmer, I'm sure it takes much more than 6 months of reading to become truly skilled, but my question is this: I've done all the exercises in K&Rv2 (in chapter 1) and some in other chapters, most of which are generally really boring. How do I lift my skills, and become truly great? I've invested money, time and a general lifestyle for something I truly desire, but I'm not sure how exactly to achieve it. Could someone explain to me, perhaps if I need to continuously code, what exactly I'm to code? I'm pretty sure, coding up hello world programs isn't going to teach me any more than I already know about anything. A friend of mine said "read" (with emphasis on read) a man page a day, but reading is all I do, I want to do, but I'm not sure what! I'm interested in security, but I'm not sure as a novice what to code that would be considered enough. Ah, I hope you don't delete this paste :) Thanks

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  • GoTo statements and alternatives in VB.NET

    - by qais
    I've posted a code snippet on another forum asking for help and people pointed out to me that using GoTo statements is very bad programming practice. I'm wondering: why is it bad? What alternatives to GoTo are there to use in VB.NET that would be considered generally more of a better practice? Consider this snippet below where the user has to input their date of birth. If the month/date/year are invalid or unrealistic(using if statements checking the integer inputs size, if there's a better way to do this, I'd appreciate if you could tell me that also :D) How would I be able to loop back to ask the user again? retryday: Console.WriteLine("Please enter the day you were born : ") day = Console.ReadLine If day > 31 Or day < 1 Then Console.WriteLine("Please enter a valid day") GoTo retryday End If

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  • An old flaw in X Window System. How does it work?

    - by Legend
    I was going through an article today when it mentioned the following: "We've found many errors over the years. One of the absolute best was the following in the X Window System: if(getuid() != 0 && geteuid == 0) { ErrorF("Only root"); exit(1); } It allowed any local user to get root access. (The tautological check geteuid == 0 was intended to be geteuid() == 0. In its current form, it compress the address of geteuid to 0; given that the function exists, its address is never 0)." The article explained what was wrong with the code but I would like to know what it means to say that "It allowed any local user to get root access". I am not an expert in C but can someone give me an exact context in which this exploit would work? Specifically, what I mean is, lets say I am the local user, how would I get root access if we assume this code to be present somewhere?

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