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  • Webdriver with Python

    - by vishal kharge
    I had written a scipt in Java with Webdriver and it worked fine and below is the code for the sample import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverBackedSelenium; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import com.thoughtworks.selenium.Selenium; import java.util.*; import java.lang.Thread.*; public class Login { @BeforeClass public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception { } @AfterClass public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception { } @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { } @After public void tearDown() throws Exception { } public static void main(String[] args) { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); Selenium selenium = new WebDriverBackedSelenium(driver, "http://192.168.10.10:8080/"); selenium.open("/"); selenium.keyPress("name=user_id", "admin"); } } } But my requirement is to implement the same in python with webdriver, can you please let me know how this can be done with the above example and webdriver binaries and how to do setup for the same

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  • WCF MessageHeaders in OperationContext.Current

    - by Nate Bross
    If I use code like this [just below] to add Message Headers to my OperationContext, will all future out-going messages contain that data on any new ClientProxy defined from the same "run" of my application? The objective, is to pass a parameter or two to each OpeartionContract w/out messing with the signature of the OperationContract, since the parameters being passed will be consistant for all requests for a given run of my client application. public void DoSomeStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); Guid myToken = Guid.NewGuid(); MessageHeader<Guid> mhg = new MessageHeader<Guid>(myToken); MessageHeader untyped = mhg.GetUntypedHeader("token", "ns"); OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(untyped); proxy.DoOperation(...); } public void DoSomeOTHERStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); Guid myToken = Guid.NewGuid(); MessageHeader<Guid> mhg = new MessageHeader<Guid>(myToken); MessageHeader untyped = mhg.GetUntypedHeader("token", "ns"); OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(untyped); proxy.DoOtherOperation(...); } In other words, is it safe to refactor the above code like this? bool isSetup = false; public void SetupMessageHeader() { if(isSetup) { return; } Guid myToken = Guid.NewGuid(); MessageHeader<Guid> mhg = new MessageHeader<Guid>(myToken); MessageHeader untyped = mhg.GetUntypedHeader("token", "ns"); OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(untyped); isSetup = true; } public void DoSomeStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); SetupMessageHeader(); proxy.DoOperation(...); } public void DoSomeOTHERStuff() { var proxy = new MyServiceClient(); SetupMessageHeader(); proxy.DoOtherOperation(...); } Since I don't really understand what's happening there, I don't want to cargo cult it and just change it and let it fly if it works, I'd like to hear your thoughts on if it is OK or not.

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  • C# wrapper and Callbacks

    - by fergs
    I'm in the process of writing a C# wrapper for Dallmeier Common API light (Camera & Surviellance systems) and I've never written a wrapper before, but I have used the Canon EDSDK C# wrapper. So I'm using the Canon wrapper as a guide to writing the Dallmeier wrapper. I'm currently having issues with wrapping a callback. In the API manual it has the following: dlm_connect int(unsigned long uLWindowHandle, const char * strIP, const char* strUser1, const char* strPwd1, const char* strUser2, const char* strPwd2, void (*callback)(void *pParameters, void *pResult, void *pInput), void * pInput) Arguments - ulWindowhandle - handle of the window that is passed to the ViewerSDK to display video and messages there - strUser1/2 - names of the users to log in. If only single user login is used strUser2 is - NULL - strPwd1/2 - passwords of both users. If strUser2 is NULL strPwd2 is ignored. Return This function creates a SessionHandle that has to be passed Callback pParameters will be structured: - unsigned long ulFunctionID - unsigned long ulSocketHandle, //handle to socket of the established connection - unsigned long ulWindowHandle, - int SessionHandle, //session handle of the session created - const char * strIP, - const char* strUser1, - const char* strPwd1, - const char* strUser2, - const char * strPWD2 pResult is a pointer to an integer, representing the result of the operation. Zero on success. Negative values are error codes. So from what I've read on the Net and Stack Overflow - C# uses delegates for the purpose of callbacks. So I create a my Callback function : public delegate uint DallmeierCallback(DallPparameters pParameters, IntPtr pResult, IntPtr pInput); I create the connection function [DllImport("davidapidis.dll")] public extern static int dlm_connect(ulong ulWindowHandle, string strIP, string strUser1, string strPwd1, string strUser2, string strPwd2, DallmeierCallback inDallmeierFunc And (I think) the DallPParameters as a struct : [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct DallPParameters { public ulong ulfunctionID; public ulong ulsocketHandle; public ulong ulWindowHandle; ... } All of this is in my wrapper class. Am I heading in the right direction or is this completely wrong?

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  • How to dispose NHibernate ISession in an ASP.NET MVC App

    - by Joe Young
    I have NHibernate hooked up in my asp.net mvc app. Everything works fine, if I DON'T dispose the ISession. I have read however that you should dispose, but when I do, I get random "Session is closed" exceptions. I am injecting the ISession into my other objects with Windsor. Here is my current NHModule: public class NHibernateHttpModule : IHttpModule { public void Init(HttpApplication context) { context.BeginRequest += context_BeginRequest; context.EndRequest += context_EndRequest; } static void context_EndRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { CurrentSessionContext.Unbind(MvcApplication.SessionFactory); } static void context_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { CurrentSessionContext.Bind(MvcApplication.SessionFactory.OpenSession()); } public void Dispose() { // do nothing } } Registering the ISession: container .Register(Component.For<ISession>() .UsingFactoryMethod(() => MvcApplication.SessionFactory.GetCurrentSession()).LifeStyle.Transient); The error happens when I tack the Dispose on the unbind in the module. Since I keep getting the session is closed error I assume this is not the correct way to do this, so what is the correct way? Thanks, Joe

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  • Manipulating matrix operations (transpose, negation, addition, and mutiplication) using functions in

    - by user292489
    I was trying to manipulate matrices in my input file using functions. My input file is: A 3 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 B 3 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 C 2 3 3 5 8 -1 -2 -3 D 3 5 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 E 1 1 10 F 3 10 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 0 2 3 -1 -3 -4 -3 8 3 7 0 0 0 4 6 5 8 2 -1 10 I am having trouble in implementing the functions that I declared. I assumed my program will perform those operations: transpose, negate, add, and multiply matices according to the users choice: /* once this program is compiled and executed, it will perform the basic matrix * operations: negation, transpose, addition, and multiplication. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define MAX 10 int readmatrix(FILE *input, char martixname[6],int , mat[10][10], int i, int j); void printmatrix(char matrixname[6], int mat[10][10], int i, int j); void Negate(char matrixname[6], int mat[10][10], int i, int j); void add(char matrixname[6], int mat[10][10],int i, int k); void multiply(char matrixname[], int mat[][10], char A[], int i, int k); void transpose (char matrixname[], int mat[][10], char A[], int); void printT(int mat[][10], int); int selctoption(); char selectmatrix(); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { char matrixtype[6]; int mat[][10]; FILE *filein; int size; int optionop; int matrixop; int option; if (argc != 2) { printf("Usage: executable input.\n"); exit(0); } filein = fopen(argv[1], "r"); if (!filein) { printf("ERROR: input file not found.\n"); exit (0); } size = readmatrix (filein, matrixtype); printmatrix(matrix[][10], size); option = selectoption(); matrixtype = selectmatrix(); //printf("You have: %5.2f ", deposit); optionop = readmatrix(option, matrix[][10], size); if (choiceop == 6) { printf("Thanks for using the matrix operation program.\n"); exit(0); } printf("Please select from the following matrix operations:\n") printf("\t1. Print matrix\n"); printf("\t2. Negate matrix\n"); printf("\t3. Transpose matrix\n"); printf("\t4. Add matrices\n"); printf("\t5. Multiply matrices\n"); printf("\t6. Quit\n"); fclose(filein); return 0; } do { printf("Please select option(1-%d):", optionop); scanf("%d", &matrixop); } while(matrixop <= 0 || matrixop > optionop); void readmatrix (FILE *in, int mat[][10], char A[], int i, int j) { int i=0,j = 0; while (fscanf(in, "%d", &mat[i][j]) != EOF) return 0; } // I would appreciate anyone's feedback.

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  • How to set focus for CustCombBox in a CellEditingTemplate when entering page at the first time(MVVM

    - by Shamin
    PreparingCellForEdit="dg_PreparingCellForEdit" BeginningEdit="dg_BeginningEdit" <data:DataGridTemplateColumn MinWidth="300"> <data:DataGridTemplateColumn.HeaderStyle> <Style TargetType="primitives:DataGridColumnHeader" BasedOn="{StaticResource FOTDataGridColumnHeaderStyle}"> <Setter Property="ContentTemplate"> <Setter.Value> <DataTemplate> <TextBlock Text="{Binding CancelReasonText2,Source={StaticResource LabelResource}}" Style="{StaticResource TextBlockLabelStandardStyle}"/> </DataTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> </data:DataGridTemplateColumn.HeaderStyle> <data:DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate> <DataTemplate> <TextBlock Text="{Binding CancelReason.CancelCodeDescription}" Style="{StaticResource TextBlockLabelStandardStyle}"/> </DataTemplate> </data:DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate> <data:DataGridTemplateColumn.CellEditingTemplate> <DataTemplate> <input:AutoCompleteBox x:Name="cBoxCancelReason" FilterMode="StartsWith" IsDropDownOpen="True" SelectedItem="{Binding CancelReason, Mode=TwoWay}" ItemsSource="{Binding CancelCodes}" ValueMemberPath="CancelCodeDescription" > <input:AutoCompleteBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <TextBlock Text="{Binding CancelCodeDescription}" Style="{StaticResource TextBlockLabelStandardStyle}"/> </DataTemplate> </input:AutoCompleteBox.ItemTemplate> </input:AutoCompleteBox> </DataTemplate> </data:DataGridTemplateColumn.CellEditingTemplate> </data:DataGridTemplateColumn> </data:DataGrid.Columns> </data:DataGrid> ---CodeBind public partial class CancelFlightView : UserControl,ICancelFlightView { private data.CancelCode DefaultCancelCode { get { data.CancelCode code = new data.CancelCode(); code.CancelCd = "-1"; code.CancelCodeDescription = "-- Select Cancel Reason --"; return code; } } public CancelFlightView() { InitializeComponent(); this.dg.LoadingRow += new EventHandler<DataGridRowEventArgs>(dg_LoadingRow); //this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(CancelFlightView_Loaded); } void dg_LoadingRow(object sender, DataGridRowEventArgs e) { CheckBox checkBox = (CheckBox)dg.Columns[0].GetCellContent(e.Row); if (checkBox.IsChecked.Value) { FrameworkElement obj = (FrameworkElement)dg.Columns[1].GetCellContent(e.Row); System.Windows.Browser.HtmlPage.Plugin.Focus(); DataGridCell cellEdit = (DataGridCell)obj.Parent; cellEdit.Focus(); dg.BeginEdit(); } } //private void UserControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) //{ // if (DataContext != null) // { // CancelFlightViewModel viewModel = (CancelFlightViewModel)DataContext; // viewModel.View = this; // viewModel.Grid = dg; // //viewModel.InitFocus(); // } //} //void CancelFlightView_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) //{ // if (dg.SelectedItem != null) // { // CheckBox checkBox = (CheckBox)dg.Columns[0].GetCellContent(dg.SelectedItem); // if (checkBox.IsChecked.Value) // { // DataGridCell cellEdit = ((DataGridCell)((System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.DataGridCellsPresenter)((DataGridCell)checkBox.Parent).Parent).Children[1]); // dg.CurrentColumn = dg.Columns[1]; // System.Windows.Browser.HtmlPage.Plugin.Focus(); // cellEdit.Focus(); // dg.BeginEdit(); // } // } //} public CancelFlightView(CancelFlightViewModel viewModel):this() { ViewModel = viewModel; } private void dg_PreparingCellForEdit(object sender, DataGridPreparingCellForEditEventArgs e) { object obj = dg.Columns[1].GetCellContent(e.Row); if (obj != null && obj.GetType() == typeof(AutoCompleteBox)) { AutoCompleteBox cBoxCancelReason = (AutoCompleteBox)obj; System.Windows.Browser.HtmlPage.Plugin.Focus(); cBoxCancelReason.Focus(); } } private void CustomComboBox_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e) { } private void dg_BeginningEdit(object sender, DataGridBeginningEditEventArgs e) { } private void chkFlight_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { CheckBox chkTemp = sender as CheckBox; if (!chkTemp.IsChecked.Value) { } else { DataGridCell cellEdit = ((DataGridCell)((System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.DataGridCellsPresenter)((DataGridCell)chkTemp.Parent).Parent).Children[1]); dg.CurrentColumn = dg.Columns[1]; cellEdit.Focus(); dg.BeginEdit(); } } private void LayoutRoot_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) { //if (e.Key == Key.Enter) //{ //} } #region ICancelFlightView Members public CancelFlightViewModel ViewModel { get { return DataContext as CancelFlightViewModel; } set { DataContext = value; } } #endregion } Now, when user click CheckBox, I can set focus on CustCombBox, but I can't set focus on Whose checkBox.IsChecked.Value = true when page is opened for the first time. is it possible on MVVM pattern? Looking forward your reply, thanks very much.

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  • Qt QNetworkAccessManager does not emit signals

    - by Emilio
    The function CheckSite() is called with an url like http://site.com, it initializes a QNetworkAccessManager object and connect() slots and signals. The manger-get() call seems work (it generates http traffic) but does not call the slot replyFinished() at the request end. What's wrong with this code? #include <QtCore> #include <QtNetwork> class ClientHandler : public QObject { Q_OBJECT QNetworkAccessManager *manager; private slots: void replyFinished(QNetworkReply *); public: void CheckSite(QString url); }; void ClientHandler::replyFinished(QNetworkReply *reply) { qDebug() << "DONE"; } void ClientHandler::CheckSite(QString url) { QUrl qrl(url); manager = new QNetworkAccessManager(this); connect(manager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply*)), this, SLOT(replyFinished(QNetworkReply*))); manager->get(QNetworkRequest(qrl)); }

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  • Unable to access a primitive array inside a custom class from a UIViewController instance

    - by Daniel
    Hello! I have made a subclass of NSObject that is meant to be the model of my application. The class has a few methods and on instance primitive array as such: @interface Cube : NSObject { int cubeState[5][2][2]; } - (id)printContent; @end @implementation Cube - (void)init { if (self = [super init]) { for (int i=0; i<=5; i++) { for (int j=0; j<=2; j++) { for (int k=0; k<=2; k++) { cubeState[i][j][k] = i; } } } } return self; } - (void)printContent { for (int i=0; i<=5; i++) { for (int j=0; j<=2; j++) { for (int k=0; k<=2; k++) { NSLog(@"[%d] [%d] [%d] = %d", i, j, k, cubeState[i][j][k]); } } } } @end This works fine if instanciated from the delegate as such: #include "Cube.h" @implementation CubeAppDelegate @synthesize window; - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)application { Cube *cube = [[Cube alloc] init]; [cube printContent]; [cube release]; [window makeKeyAndVisible]; } However, the application crashes if I try to create a subclass of UIViewController with a Cube *cube property and later try to access the Cube instance object through the view controller's property as such: @interface CustomController : UIViewController { Cube *cube; } @property (nonatomic, retain) Cube *cube; @end @implementation CustomController @synthesize cube; - (void)dealloc { [cube release]; [super dealloc]; } @end and in the delegate: - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)application { viewController = [[CustomController alloc] initWithNibName:@"MainView" bundle:nil]; viewController.cube = [[[Cube alloc] init] autorelease]; [viewController.cube printContent]; // Application crashes here } Any ideas?

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  • Memory leak using NSMutableArray in RootViewController called from App Delegate

    - by Lauren Quantrell
    I've written code to restore the state of my app, but there's a memory leak in the NSMutableArray. I'm new to Xcode so I apologize if this is something trivial I have overlooked. Any help is appreciated. lq AppDelegate.m - (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)application { [rootViewController restoreState]; } RootViewController.h @interface rootViewController : UIViewController { NSMutableArray *offendingNSMutableArray; } @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *offendingNSMutableArray; RootViewController.m @synthesize offendingNSMutableArray; - (void)restoreState { // Gets an array stored in the user defaults plist NSUserDefaults *userDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]; self.offendingNSMutableArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:[userDefaults objectForKey:kArrayValue]]; } - (void)viewDidUnload { self.offendingNSMutableArray = nil; } - (void)dealloc { [offendingNSMutableArray release]; }

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  • game speed problem

    - by Meko
    HI..I made a little game.But this game works on every computer with different speed.I think it is about resolution.I used every thing in paintcomponent.and If I change screen size the game goes slower or faster.And if i run this game on another computer wich has different resolution it also works different. This is my game http://rapidshare.com/files/364597095/ShooterGame.2.6.0.jar and here code public class Shooter extends JFrame implements KeyListener, Runnable { JFrame frame = new JFrame(); String player; Font startFont, startSubFont, timerFont,healthFont; Image img; Image backGround; Graphics dbi; URL url1 = this.getClass().getResource("Images/p2.gif"); URL url2 = this.getClass().getResource("Images/p3.gif"); URL url3 = this.getClass().getResource("Images/p1.gif"); URL url4 = this.getClass().getResource("Images/p4.gif"); URL urlMap = this.getClass().getResource("Images/zemin.jpg"); Player p1 = new Player(5, 150, 10, 40, Color.GREEN, url3); Computer p2 = new Computer(750, 150, 10, 40, Color.BLUE, url1); Computer p3 = new Computer(0, 0, 10, 40, Color.BLUE, url2); Computer p4 = new Computer(0, 0, 10, 40, Color.BLUE, url4); ArrayList<Bullets> b = new ArrayList<Bullets>(); ArrayList<CBullets> cb = new ArrayList<CBullets>(); Thread sheap; boolean a, d, w, s; boolean toUp, toDown; boolean GameOver; boolean Level2; boolean newGame, resart, pause; int S, E; int random; int cbSpeed = 0; long timeStart, timeEnd; int timeElapsed; long GameStart, GameEnd; int GameScore; int Timer = 0; int timerStart, timerEnd; public Shooter() { sheap = new Thread(this); sheap.start(); startFont = new Font("Tiresias PCFont Z", Font.BOLD + Font.ITALIC, 32); startSubFont = new Font("Tiresias PCFont Z", Font.BOLD + Font.ITALIC, 25); timerFont = new Font("Tiresias PCFont Z", Font.BOLD + Font.ITALIC, 16); healthFont = new Font("Tiresias PCFont Z", Font.BOLD + Font.ITALIC, 16); setTitle("Shooter 2.5.1"); setBounds(350, 250, 800, 600); // setResizable(false); setBackground(Color.black); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); addKeyListener(this); a = d = w = s = false; toUp = toDown = true; GameOver = true; newGame = true; Level2 = false; S = E = 0; setVisible(true); } public void paint(Graphics g) { img = createImage(getWidth(), getHeight()); dbi = img.getGraphics(); paintComponent(dbi); g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, this); } public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { repaint(); timeStart = System.currentTimeMillis(); backGround = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(urlMap); g.drawImage(backGround, 0, 0, null); g.setColor(Color.red); g.setFont(healthFont); g.drawString("" + player + " Health : " + p1.health, 30, 50); g.setColor(Color.red); g.drawString("Computer Health : " + (p2.health + p3.health + p4.health), 600, 50); g.setColor(Color.BLUE); g.setFont(timerFont); g.drawString("Time : " + Timer, 330, 50); if (newGame) { g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY); g.setFont(startFont); g.drawString("Well Come To Shoot Game", 200, 190); g.drawString("Press ENTER To Start", 250, 220); g.setColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY); g.setFont(startSubFont); g.drawString("Use W,A,S,D and Space For Fire", 200, 250); g.drawString("GOOD LUCK", 250, 280); newGame(); } if (!GameOver) { for (Bullets b1 : b) { b1.draw(g); } for (CBullets b2 : cb) { b2.draw(g); } update(); // Here MOvements for Player and For Fires } if (p1.health <= 0) { g.setColor(p2.col); g.setFont(startFont); g.drawString("Computer Wins ", 200, 190); g.drawString("Press Key R to Restart ", 200, 220); GameOver = true; } else if (p2.health <= 0 && p3.health <= 0 && p4.health <= 0) { g.setColor(p1.col); g.setFont(startFont); g.drawString(""+player+" Wins ", 200, 190); g.drawString("Press Key R to Resart ", 200, 220); GameOver = true; g.setColor(Color.MAGENTA); g.drawString(""+player+"`s Score is " + Timer, 200, 120); } if (Level2) { if (p3.health >= 0) { p3.draw(g); for (CBullets b3 : cb) { b3.draw(g); } } else { p3.x = 1000; } if (p4.health >= 0) { p4.draw(g); for (CBullets b4 : cb) { b4.draw(g); } } else { p4.x = 1000; } } if (p1.health >= 0) { p1.draw(g); } if (p2.health >= 0) { p2.draw(g); } else { p2.x = 1000; } } public void update() { if (w && p1.y > 54) { p1.moveUp(); } if (s && p1.y < 547) { p1.moveDown(); } if (a && p1.x > 0) { p1.moveLeft(); } if (d && p1.x < 200) { p1.moveRight(); } random = 1 * (int) (Math.random() * 100); if (random > 96) { if (p2.health >= 0) { CBullets bo = p2.getCBull(); bo.xVel =-1-cbSpeed; cb.add(bo); } if (Level2) { if (p3.health >= 0) { CBullets bo1 = p3.getCBull(); bo1.xVel = -2-cbSpeed; cb.add(bo1); } if (p4.health >= 0) { CBullets bo2 = p4.getCBull(); bo2.xVel = -4-cbSpeed; cb.add(bo2); } } } if (S == 1) { if (p1.health >= 0) { Bullets bu = p1.getBull(); bu.xVel = 5; b.add(bu); S += 1; } } //Here Also Problem .. When COmputer have More fire then it gaves Array Exeption . Or Player have More Fire for (int i = cb.size() -1; i = 0 ; i--) { boolean bremoved = false; for (int j = b.size() -1 ; j =0 ; j--) { if (b.get(j).rect.intersects(cb.get(i).rect) || cb.get(i).rect.intersects(b.get(j).rect)) { bremoved = true; b.remove(j); } } if(bremoved) cb.remove(i); } for (int i = 0; i < b.size(); i++) { b.get(i).move(); if (b.get(i).rect.intersects(p2.rect)) { if (p2.health >= 0) { p2.health--; b.remove(i); // System.out.println("Hited P2"); i--; continue; } } if (b.get(i).rect.intersects(p3.rect)) { if (p3.health >= 0) { p3.health--; b.remove(i); // System.out.println("Hited P3"); i--; continue; } } if (b.get(i).rect.intersects(p4.rect)) { if (p4.health >= 0) { p4.health--; b.remove(i); // System.out.println("Hited P4"); i--; continue; } } if (b.get(i).rect.x > 790) { b.remove(i); } } for (int j = 0; j < cb.size(); j++) { cb.get(j).move(); if (cb.get(j).rect.intersects(p1.rect) && cb.get(j).xVel < 0) { p1.health--; cb.remove(j); j--; continue; } } timeEnd = System.currentTimeMillis(); timeElapsed = (int) (timeEnd - timeStart); } public void level2() { if (p2.health <= 10) { Level2 = true; cbSpeed = 4; p3.x = 750; p4.x = 750; p2.speed = 10; p3.speed = 20; p4.speed = 30; } } public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { } public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { switch (e.getKeyCode()) { case KeyEvent.VK_ENTER: newGame = false; break; case KeyEvent.VK_P: pause = true; break; case KeyEvent.VK_R: resart = true; break; case KeyEvent.VK_A: a = true; break; case KeyEvent.VK_D: d = true; break; case KeyEvent.VK_W: w = true; break; case KeyEvent.VK_S: s = true; break; case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE: S += 1; break; } } public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { switch (e.getKeyCode()) { case KeyEvent.VK_A: a = false; break; case KeyEvent.VK_D: d = false; break; case KeyEvent.VK_W: w = false; break; case KeyEvent.VK_S: s = false; break; case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE: S = 0; break; } } public void newGame() { p1.health = 20; p2.health = 20; p3.health = 20; p4.health = 20; p3.x = 0; p4.x = 0; p2.x = 750; Level2 = false; cbSpeed = 0; p2.speed = 9; b.removeAll(b); cb.removeAll(cb); timerStart = (int) System.currentTimeMillis(); GameOver = false; } public static void main(String[] args) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { KeyListener k = new Shooter(); } }); } @Override public void run() { player = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(frame, "Enter Player Name", "New Player", JOptionPane.DEFAULT_OPTION); while (true) { timerEnd = (int) System.currentTimeMillis(); if (resart) { newGame(); resart = false; } if (pause) { Thread.currentThread().notify(); } try { if (!GameOver) { Timer = timerEnd - timerStart; level2(); if (p1.y < p2.y && p2.y60) { p2.moveUp(); } if (p1.y < p3.y && p3.y43) { p3.moveUp(); } if (p1.y < p4.y && p4.y43) { p4.moveUp(); } if (p1.y > p2.y && p2.y<535) { p2.moveDown(); } if (p1.y > p3.y && p3.y<535) { p3.moveDown(); } if (p1.y > p4.y && p4.y<530) { p4.moveDown(); } } if (timeElapsed < 125) { Thread.currentThread().sleep(125); } } catch (InterruptedException ex) { System.out.print("FInished"); } } } }

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  • [SOLVED] Iphone NSXMLParser NSCFString memory leak

    - by atticusalien
    I am building an app that parses an rss feed. In the app there are two different types of feeds with different names for the elements in the feed, so I have created an NSXMLParser NSObject that takes the name of the elements of each feed before parsing. Here is my code: NewsFeedParser.h #import @interface NewsFeedParser : NSObject { NSInteger NewsSelectedCategory; NSXMLParser *NSXMLNewsParser; NSMutableArray *newsCategories; NSMutableDictionary *NewsItem; NSMutableString *NewsCurrentElement, *NewsCurrentElement1, *NewsCurrentElement2, *NewsCurrentElement3; NSString *NewsItemType, *NewsElement1, *NewsElement2, *NewsElement3; NSInteger NewsNumElements; } - (void) parseXMLFileAtURL:(NSString *)URL; @property(nonatomic, retain) NSString *NewsItemType; @property(nonatomic, retain) NSString *NewsElement1; @property(nonatomic, retain) NSString *NewsElement2; @property(nonatomic, retain) NSString *NewsElement3; @property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *newsCategories; @property(assign, nonatomic) NSInteger NewsNumElements; @end NewsFeedParser.m #import "NewsFeedParser.h" @implementation NewsFeedParser @synthesize NewsItemType; @synthesize NewsElement1; @synthesize NewsElement2; @synthesize NewsElement3; @synthesize newsCategories; @synthesize NewsNumElements; - (void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{ } - (void)parseXMLFileAtURL:(NSString *)URL { newsCategories = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; URL = [URL stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""]; URL = [URL stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\n" withString:@""]; URL = [URL stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""]; //you must then convert the path to a proper NSURL or it won't work NSURL *xmlURL = [NSURL URLWithString:URL]; // here, for some reason you have to use NSClassFromString when trying to alloc NSXMLParser, otherwise you will get an object not found error // this may be necessary only for the toolchain [[NSURLCache sharedURLCache] setMemoryCapacity:0]; [[NSURLCache sharedURLCache] setDiskCapacity:0]; NSXMLNewsParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:xmlURL]; // Set self as the delegate of the parser so that it will receive the parser delegate methods callbacks. [NSXMLNewsParser setDelegate:self]; // Depending on the XML document you're parsing, you may want to enable these features of NSXMLParser. [NSXMLNewsParser setShouldProcessNamespaces:NO]; [NSXMLNewsParser setShouldReportNamespacePrefixes:NO]; [NSXMLNewsParser setShouldResolveExternalEntities:NO]; [NSXMLNewsParser parse]; [NSXMLNewsParser release]; } - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser parseErrorOccurred:(NSError *)parseError { NSString * errorString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Unable to download story feed from web site (Error code %i )", [parseError code]]; NSLog(@"error parsing XML: %@", errorString); UIAlertView * errorAlert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Error loading content" message:errorString delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil]; [errorAlert show]; [errorAlert release]; [errorString release]; } - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict{ NewsCurrentElement = [elementName copy]; if ([elementName isEqualToString:NewsItemType]) { // clear out our story item caches... NewsItem = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; NewsCurrentElement1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] init]; NewsCurrentElement2 = [[NSMutableString alloc] init]; if(NewsNumElements == 3) { NewsCurrentElement3 = [[NSMutableString alloc] init]; } } } - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName{ if ([elementName isEqualToString:NewsItemType]) { // save values to an item, then store that item into the array... [NewsItem setObject:NewsCurrentElement1 forKey:NewsElement1]; [NewsItem setObject:NewsCurrentElement2 forKey:NewsElement2]; if(NewsNumElements == 3) { [NewsItem setObject:NewsCurrentElement3 forKey:NewsElement3]; } [newsCategories addObject:[[NewsItem copy] autorelease]]; [NewsCurrentElement release]; [NewsCurrentElement1 release]; [NewsCurrentElement2 release]; if(NewsNumElements == 3) { [NewsCurrentElement3 release]; } [NewsItem release]; } } - (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string { //NSLog(@"found characters: %@", string); // save the characters for the current item... if ([NewsCurrentElement isEqualToString:NewsElement1]) { [NewsCurrentElement1 appendString:string]; } else if ([NewsCurrentElement isEqualToString:NewsElement2]) { [NewsCurrentElement2 appendString:string]; } else if (NewsNumElements == 3 && [NewsCurrentElement isEqualToString:NewsElement3]) { [NewsCurrentElement3 appendString:string]; } } - (void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; [newsCategories release]; [NewsItemType release]; [NewsElement1 release]; [NewsElement2 release]; [NewsElement3 release]; } When I create an instance of the class I do like so: NewsFeedParser *categoriesParser = [[NewsFeedParser alloc] init]; if(newsCat == 0) { categoriesParser.NewsItemType = @"article"; categoriesParser.NewsElement1 = @"category"; categoriesParser.NewsElement2 = @"catid"; } else { categoriesParser.NewsItemType = @"article"; categoriesParser.NewsElement1 = @"category"; categoriesParser.NewsElement2 = @"feedUrl"; } [categoriesParser parseXMLFileAtURL:feedUrl]; newsCategories = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:categoriesParser.newsCategories copyItems:YES]; [self.tableView reloadData]; [categoriesParser release]; If I run the app with the leaks instrument, the leaks point to the [NSXMLNewsParser parse] call in the NewsFeedParser.m. Here is a screen shot of the Leaks instrument with the NSCFStrings leaking: http://img139.imageshack.us/img139/3997/leaks.png For the life of me I can't figure out where these leaks are coming from. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • could I know which file is altered using fsevent?

    - by Frost Li
    I get the directory path from fsevent, such as "/User/Data/" But what I really want is "/User/Data/change.txt" I have read the programming guide, it said typedef void ( *FSEventStreamCallback )( ConstFSEventStreamRef streamRef, void *clientCallBackInfo, size_t numEvents, void *eventPaths, const FSEventStreamEventFlags eventFlags[], const FSEventStreamEventId eventIds[]); eventPaths An array of paths to the directories in which event(s) occurred. is there any method to find out which file is altered? thanks!!!! I have stuck to it for so long..

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  • Displaying an inverted pyramid of asterisks

    - by onyebuoke
    I help in my for my program. I am required 2 create a inverted pyramid of stars which rows depends on the number of stars the user keys, but I've done it so it does not give an inverted pyramid, it gives a regular pyramid. #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void printchars(int no_star, char space); int getNo_of_rows(void); int main(void) { int numrows, rownum; rownum=0; numrows=getNo_of_rows(); for(rownum=0;rownum<=numrows;rownum++) { printchars(numrows-rownum, ' '); printchars((2*rownum-1), '*'); printf("\n"); } _getche(); return 0; } void printchars(int no_star, char space) { int cnt; for(cnt=0;cnt<no_star;cnt++) { printf("%c",space); } } int getNo_of_rows(void) { int no_star; printf("\n Please enter the number of stars you want to print\n"); scanf("%d",&no_star); while(no_star<1) { printf("\n number incorrect, please enter correct number"); scanf("%d",&no_star); } return no_star; }

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  • Overriding LINQ extension methods

    - by Ruben Vermeersch
    Is there a way to override extension methods (provide a better implementation), without explicitly having to cast to them? I'm implementing a data type that is able to handle certain operations more efficiently than the default extension methods, but I'd like to keep the generality of IEnumerable. That way any IEnumerable can be passed, but when my class is passed in, it should be more efficient. As a toy example, consider the following: // Compile: dmcs -out:test.exe test.cs using System; namespace Test { public interface IBoat { void Float (); } public class NiceBoat : IBoat { public void Float () { Console.WriteLine ("NiceBoat floating!"); } } public class NicerBoat : IBoat { public void Float () { Console.WriteLine ("NicerBoat floating!"); } public void BlowHorn () { Console.WriteLine ("NicerBoat: TOOOOOT!"); } } public static class BoatExtensions { public static void BlowHorn (this IBoat boat) { Console.WriteLine ("Patched on horn for {0}: TWEET", boat.GetType().Name); } } public class TestApp { static void Main (string [] args) { IBoat niceboat = new NiceBoat (); IBoat nicerboat = new NicerBoat (); Console.WriteLine ("## Both should float:"); niceboat.Float (); nicerboat.Float (); // Output: // NiceBoat floating! // NicerBoat floating! Console.WriteLine (); Console.WriteLine ("## One has an awesome horn:"); niceboat.BlowHorn (); nicerboat.BlowHorn (); // Output: // Patched on horn for NiceBoat: TWEET // Patched on horn for NicerBoat: TWEET Console.WriteLine (); Console.WriteLine ("## That didn't work, but it does when we cast:"); (niceboat as NiceBoat).BlowHorn (); (nicerboat as NicerBoat).BlowHorn (); // Output: // Patched on horn for NiceBoat: TWEET // NicerBoat: TOOOOOT! Console.WriteLine (); Console.WriteLine ("## Problem is: I don't always know the type of the objects."); Console.WriteLine ("## How can I make it use the class objects when the are"); Console.WriteLine ("## implemented and extension methods when they are not,"); Console.WriteLine ("## without having to explicitely cast?"); } } } Is there a way to get the behavior from the second case, without explict casting? Can this problem be avoided?

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  • How to have two UIPickerViews together in one ViewController?

    - by 0SX
    I'm trying to put 2 UIPickerViews together in one ViewController. Each UIPickerView has different data arrays. I'm using interface builder to link the pickers up. I know I'll have to use separate delegates and dataSources but I can't seem to hook everything up with interface builder correctly. Here's all my code: pickerTesting.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import "picker2DataSource.h" @interface pickerTestingViewController : UIViewController <UIPickerViewDelegate, UIPickerViewDataSource>{ IBOutlet UIPickerView *picker; IBOutlet UIPickerView *picker2; NSMutableArray *pickerViewArray; } @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UIPickerView *picker; @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UIPickerView *picker2; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *pickerViewArray; @end pickerTesting.m #import "pickerTestingViewController.h" @implementation pickerTestingViewController @synthesize picker, picker2, pickerViewArray; - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; pickerViewArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; [pickerViewArray addObject:@" 100 "]; [pickerViewArray addObject:@" 200 "]; [pickerViewArray addObject:@" 400 "]; [pickerViewArray addObject:@" 600 "]; [pickerViewArray addObject:@" 1000 "]; [picker selectRow:1 inComponent:0 animated:NO]; picker2.delegate = self; picker2.dataSource = self; } - (NSInteger)numberOfComponentsInPickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker; { return 1; } - (void)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker didSelectRow:(NSInteger)row inComponent:(NSInteger)component { } - (NSInteger)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker numberOfRowsInComponent:(NSInteger)component; { return [pickerViewArray count]; } - (NSString *)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker titleForRow:(NSInteger)row forComponent:(NSInteger)component; { return [pickerViewArray objectAtIndex:row]; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use. } - (void)viewDidUnload { // Release any retained subviews of the main view. // e.g. self.myOutlet = nil; } - (void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end And I have a separate class for the other datasource. picker2DataSource.h @interface picker2DataSource : NSObject <UIPickerViewDataSource, UIPickerViewDelegate> { NSMutableArray *customPickerArray; } @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *customPickerArray; @end picker2DataSource.m #import "picker2DataSource.h" @implementation picker2DataSource @synthesize customPickerArray; - (id)init { // use predetermined frame size self = [super init]; if (self) { customPickerArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; [customPickerArray addObject:@" a "]; [customPickerArray addObject:@" b "]; [customPickerArray addObject:@" c "]; [customPickerArray addObject:@" d "]; [customPickerArray addObject:@" e "]; } return self; } - (void)dealloc { [customPickerArray release]; [super dealloc]; } - (NSInteger)numberOfComponentsInPickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker2; { return 1; } - (void)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker2 didSelectRow:(NSInteger)row inComponent:(NSInteger)component { } - (NSInteger)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker2 numberOfRowsInComponent:(NSInteger)component; { return [customPickerArray count]; } - (NSString *)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)picker2 titleForRow:(NSInteger)row forComponent:(NSInteger)component; { return [customPickerArray objectAtIndex:row]; } @end Any help or code examples would be great. Thanks.

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  • Passing data to Winforms UI using BeginInvoke

    - by Bi
    I am a C# newbie and have a class that needs to pass row information to a grid in the windows form. What is the best way to do it? I have put in some example code for better understanding. public class GUIController { private My_Main myWindow; public GUIController( My_Main window ) { myWindow = window; } public void UpdateProducts( List<myProduct> newList ) { object[] row = new object[3]; foreach (myProduct product in newList) { row[0] = product.Name; row[1] = product.Status; row[2] = product.Day; //HOW DO I USE BeginInvoke HERE? } } } And the form class below: public class My_Main : Form { //HOW DO I GO ABOUT USING THIS DELEGATE? public delegate void ProductDelegate( string[] row ); public static My_Main theWindow = null; static void Main( ) { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); theWindow = new My_Main(); Application.Run(theWindow); } private void My_Main_Load( object sender, EventArgs e ) { /// Create GUIController and pass the window object gui = new GUIController( this ); } public void PopulateGrid( string[] row ) { ProductsGrid.Rows.Add(row); ProductsGrid.Update(); } }

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  • Illegal start of expression?

    - by Fraser
    I'm trying to build a simple Android app that increments a number displayed every time a button is pressed, but I can't work out how to fix the "illegal start of expression" error I keep getting. My code: package com.clicker; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.TextView; public class Clicker extends Activity { private int clickerNumber = 0; private TextView clickerText; private Button clickerButton; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); clickerText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.clickerText); final Button clickerButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.clickerButton); clickerButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()); { public void onClick(); { clickerNumber = clickerNumber++; clickerText.setText(Integer.toString(clickerNumber)); } } } } And compiler output: compile: [javac] Compiling 2 source files to /home/fraser/Applications/Android/Code/Clicker/bin/classes [javac] /home/fraser/Applications/Android/Code/Clicker/src/com/clicker/Clicker.java:24: ')' expected [javac] clickerButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(); [javac] ^ [javac] /home/fraser/Applications/Android/Code/Clicker/src/com/clicker/Clicker.java:26: illegal start of expression [javac] public void onClick(); [javac] ^ [javac] /home/fraser/Applications/Android/Code/Clicker/src/com/clicker/Clicker.java:26: illegal start of expression [javac] public void onClick(); [javac] ^ [javac] /home/fraser/Applications/Android/Code/Clicker/src/com/clicker/Clicker.java:26: ';' expected [javac] public void onClick(); [javac] ^ [javac] /home/fraser/Applications/Android/Code/Clicker/src/com/clicker/Clicker.java:29: ';' expected [javac] clickerText.setText(Integer.toString(clickerNumber))); [javac] ^ [javac] 5 errors

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  • How can I use this animation code?

    - by O.C.
    I'm a newbie and I need some help. I want to display a popup image over a given UIView, but I would like it to behave like the UIAlertView or like the Facebook Connect for iPhone modal popup window, in that it has a bouncy, rubbber-band-like animation to it. I found some code on the net from someone who was trying to do something similar. He/she put this together, but there was no demo or instructions. Being that I am so new, I don't have any idea as to how to incorporate this into my code. This is the routine where I need the bouncy image to appear: - (void) showProductDetail { . . . //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // THIS IS A STRAIGHT SCALE ANIMATION RIGHT NOW. I WANT TO REPLACE THIS // WITH A BOUNCY RUBBER-BAND ANIMATION _productDetail.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.1,0.1); [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:NULL]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.5]; _productDetail.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1,1); [UIView commitAnimations]; } . . . } This is the code I found: float pulsesteps[3] = { 0.2, 1/15., 1/7.5 }; - (void) pulse { self.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.6, 0.6); [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:pulsesteps[0]]; [UIView setAnimationDelegate:self]; [UIView setAnimationDidStopSelector:@selector(pulseGrowAnimationDidStop:finished:context:)]; self.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.1, 1.1); [UIView commitAnimations]; } - (void)pulseGrowAnimationDidStop:(NSString *)animationID finished:(NSNumber *)finished context:(void *)context { [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:NULL]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:pulsesteps[1]]; [UIView setAnimationDelegate:self]; [UIView setAnimationDidStopSelector:@selector(pulseShrinkAnimationDidStop:finished:context:)]; self.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.9, 0.9); [UIView commitAnimations]; } - (void)pulseShrinkAnimationDidStop:(NSString *)animationID finished:(NSNumber *)finished context:(void *)context { [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:NULL]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:pulsesteps[2]]; self.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity; [UIView commitAnimations]; } Thanks in advance for any help that you can give me.

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  • Man pages for libvlc

    - by mawia
    Hi! all. Though I am not sure wether this question belongs to here but pardon me if not so. Can you people guide me to the manual page of libvlc functions like(just give a kind of pointer where these functions are described in detail) void libvlc_playlist_pause( libvlc_instance *, libvlc_exception ) mtime_t libvlc_input_get_length( libvlc_input_t *, libvlc_exception ) mtime_t libvlc_input_get_time( libvlc_input_t *, libvlc_exception ) void libvlc_input_set_time( libvlc_input_t *, mtime_t , libvlc_exception ) float libvlc_input_get_position( libvlc_input_t *, libvlc_exception ) void libvlc_input_set_position( libvlc_input_t *, float , libvlc_exception ) void libvlc_set_rate( libvlc_input_t *, float rate, libvlc_exception ) float libvlc_get_rate( libvlc_input_t *, libvlc_exception ) libvlc_input_get_information( libvlc_input_t *, libvlc_exception ) In particular can you please describe the functioning of libvlc_playlist_pause.I am using this in my aplication to run a video stream.My video is running but since video file is coming over a network I need to pause the player for a particular amount till enough data is buffered. With regards Mawia

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  • dictationRecordingDidEnd never called

    - by optme
    I am using a UITextView and added UITextInputDelegate in my view controller. I have implemented textDidChange and dictationRecordingDidEnd methods. The textDidChange and dictationRecordingDidEnd are never called. Please help. In MyViewController.h file @interface MyViewController : UIViewController <UITextViewDelegate, UITextInputDelegate> { } In MyViewController.m file - (void) textDidChange:(id<UITextInput>)textInput { } - (void)dictationRecordingDidEnd { } - (void)dictationRecognitionFailed { textViewResults.text = @"Dictation Failed"; }

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  • Understanding C# async / await (2) Awaitable / Awaiter Pattern

    - by Dixin
    What is awaitable Part 1 shows that any Task is awaitable. Actually there are other awaitable types. Here is an example: Task<int> task = new Task<int>(() => 0); int result = await task.ConfigureAwait(false); // Returns a ConfiguredTaskAwaitable<TResult>. The returned ConfiguredTaskAwaitable<TResult> struct is awaitable. And it is not Task at all: public struct ConfiguredTaskAwaitable<TResult> { private readonly ConfiguredTaskAwaiter m_configuredTaskAwaiter; internal ConfiguredTaskAwaitable(Task<TResult> task, bool continueOnCapturedContext) { this.m_configuredTaskAwaiter = new ConfiguredTaskAwaiter(task, continueOnCapturedContext); } public ConfiguredTaskAwaiter GetAwaiter() { return this.m_configuredTaskAwaiter; } } It has one GetAwaiter() method. Actually in part 1 we have seen that Task has GetAwaiter() method too: public class Task { public TaskAwaiter GetAwaiter() { return new TaskAwaiter(this); } } public class Task<TResult> : Task { public new TaskAwaiter<TResult> GetAwaiter() { return new TaskAwaiter<TResult>(this); } } Task.Yield() is a another example: await Task.Yield(); // Returns a YieldAwaitable. The returned YieldAwaitable is not Task either: public struct YieldAwaitable { public YieldAwaiter GetAwaiter() { return default(YieldAwaiter); } } Again, it just has one GetAwaiter() method. In this article, we will look at what is awaitable. The awaitable / awaiter pattern By observing different awaitable / awaiter types, we can tell that an object is awaitable if It has a GetAwaiter() method (instance method or extension method); Its GetAwaiter() method returns an awaiter. An object is an awaiter if: It implements INotifyCompletion or ICriticalNotifyCompletion interface; It has an IsCompleted, which has a getter and returns a Boolean; it has a GetResult() method, which returns void, or a result. This awaitable / awaiter pattern is very similar to the iteratable / iterator pattern. Here is the interface definitions of iteratable / iterator: public interface IEnumerable { IEnumerator GetEnumerator(); } public interface IEnumerator { object Current { get; } bool MoveNext(); void Reset(); } public interface IEnumerable<out T> : IEnumerable { IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator(); } public interface IEnumerator<out T> : IDisposable, IEnumerator { T Current { get; } } In case you are not familiar with the out keyword, please find out the explanation in Understanding C# Covariance And Contravariance (2) Interfaces. The “missing” IAwaitable / IAwaiter interfaces Similar to IEnumerable and IEnumerator interfaces, awaitable / awaiter can be visualized by IAwaitable / IAwaiter interfaces too. This is the non-generic version: public interface IAwaitable { IAwaiter GetAwaiter(); } public interface IAwaiter : INotifyCompletion // or ICriticalNotifyCompletion { // INotifyCompletion has one method: void OnCompleted(Action continuation); // ICriticalNotifyCompletion implements INotifyCompletion, // also has this method: void UnsafeOnCompleted(Action continuation); bool IsCompleted { get; } void GetResult(); } Please notice GetResult() returns void here. Task.GetAwaiter() / TaskAwaiter.GetResult() is of such case. And this is the generic version: public interface IAwaitable<out TResult> { IAwaiter<TResult> GetAwaiter(); } public interface IAwaiter<out TResult> : INotifyCompletion // or ICriticalNotifyCompletion { bool IsCompleted { get; } TResult GetResult(); } Here the only difference is, GetResult() return a result. Task<TResult>.GetAwaiter() / TaskAwaiter<TResult>.GetResult() is of this case. Please notice .NET does not define these IAwaitable / IAwaiter interfaces at all. As an UI designer, I guess the reason is, IAwaitable interface will constraint GetAwaiter() to be instance method. Actually C# supports both GetAwaiter() instance method and GetAwaiter() extension method. Here I use these interfaces only for better visualizing what is awaitable / awaiter. Now, if looking at above ConfiguredTaskAwaitable / ConfiguredTaskAwaiter, YieldAwaitable / YieldAwaiter, Task / TaskAwaiter pairs again, they all “implicitly” implement these “missing” IAwaitable / IAwaiter interfaces. In the next part, we will see how to implement awaitable / awaiter. Await any function / action In C# await cannot be used with lambda. This code: int result = await (() => 0); will cause a compiler error: Cannot await 'lambda expression' This is easy to understand because this lambda expression (() => 0) may be a function or a expression tree. Obviously we mean function here, and we can tell compiler in this way: int result = await new Func<int>(() => 0); It causes an different error: Cannot await 'System.Func<int>' OK, now the compiler is complaining the type instead of syntax. With the understanding of the awaitable / awaiter pattern, Func<TResult> type can be easily made into awaitable. GetAwaiter() instance method, using IAwaitable / IAwaiter interfaces First, similar to above ConfiguredTaskAwaitable<TResult>, a FuncAwaitable<TResult> can be implemented to wrap Func<TResult>: internal struct FuncAwaitable<TResult> : IAwaitable<TResult> { private readonly Func<TResult> function; public FuncAwaitable(Func<TResult> function) { this.function = function; } public IAwaiter<TResult> GetAwaiter() { return new FuncAwaiter<TResult>(this.function); } } FuncAwaitable<TResult> wrapper is used to implement IAwaitable<TResult>, so it has one instance method, GetAwaiter(), which returns a IAwaiter<TResult>, which wraps that Func<TResult> too. FuncAwaiter<TResult> is used to implement IAwaiter<TResult>: public struct FuncAwaiter<TResult> : IAwaiter<TResult> { private readonly Task<TResult> task; public FuncAwaiter(Func<TResult> function) { this.task = new Task<TResult>(function); this.task.Start(); } bool IAwaiter<TResult>.IsCompleted { get { return this.task.IsCompleted; } } TResult IAwaiter<TResult>.GetResult() { return this.task.Result; } void INotifyCompletion.OnCompleted(Action continuation) { new Task(continuation).Start(); } } Now a function can be awaited in this way: int result = await new FuncAwaitable<int>(() => 0); GetAwaiter() extension method As IAwaitable shows, all that an awaitable needs is just a GetAwaiter() method. In above code, FuncAwaitable<TResult> is created as a wrapper of Func<TResult> and implements IAwaitable<TResult>, so that there is a  GetAwaiter() instance method. If a GetAwaiter() extension method  can be defined for Func<TResult>, then FuncAwaitable<TResult> is no longer needed: public static class FuncExtensions { public static IAwaiter<TResult> GetAwaiter<TResult>(this Func<TResult> function) { return new FuncAwaiter<TResult>(function); } } So a Func<TResult> function can be directly awaited: int result = await new Func<int>(() => 0); Using the existing awaitable / awaiter - Task / TaskAwaiter Remember the most frequently used awaitable / awaiter - Task / TaskAwaiter. With Task / TaskAwaiter, FuncAwaitable / FuncAwaiter are no longer needed: public static class FuncExtensions { public static TaskAwaiter<TResult> GetAwaiter<TResult>(this Func<TResult> function) { Task<TResult> task = new Task<TResult>(function); task.Start(); return task.GetAwaiter(); // Returns a TaskAwaiter<TResult>. } } Similarly, with this extension method: public static class ActionExtensions { public static TaskAwaiter GetAwaiter(this Action action) { Task task = new Task(action); task.Start(); return task.GetAwaiter(); // Returns a TaskAwaiter. } } an action can be awaited as well: await new Action(() => { }); Now any function / action can be awaited: await new Action(() => HelperMethods.IO()); // or: await new Action(HelperMethods.IO); If function / action has parameter(s), closure can be used: int arg0 = 0; int arg1 = 1; int result = await new Action(() => HelperMethods.IO(arg0, arg1)); Using Task.Run() The above code is used to demonstrate how awaitable / awaiter can be implemented. Because it is a common scenario to await a function / action, so .NET provides a built-in API: Task.Run(): public class Task2 { public static Task Run(Action action) { // The implementation is similar to: Task task = new Task(action); task.Start(); return task; } public static Task<TResult> Run<TResult>(Func<TResult> function) { // The implementation is similar to: Task<TResult> task = new Task<TResult>(function); task.Start(); return task; } } In reality, this is how we await a function: int result = await Task.Run(() => HelperMethods.IO(arg0, arg1)); and await a action: await Task.Run(() => HelperMethods.IO());

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  • pointer as second argument instead of returning pointer?

    - by Tyler
    I noticed that it is a common idiom in C to accept an un-malloced pointer as a second argument instead of returning a pointer. Example: /*function prototype*/ void create_node(node_t* new_node, void* _val, int _type); /* implementation */ node_t* n; create_node(n, &someint, INT) Instead of /* function prototype */ node_t* create_node(void* _val, int _type) /* implementation */ node_t* n = create_node(&someint, INT) What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of both approaches? Thanks!

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  • Setting Background of a Jbutton

    - by mithun1538
    Hello there, I have 5 JButtons: b1, b2, b3, b4, b5. By default, their color is gray. When I click on any button, the background of that button changes to white. When I click another button, I want that previous clicked button to change its background to gray, and this newly clicked button to change its background to white. Here is the code that I wrote: int liveButton = 0; //holds the value of the button that is last clicked. //0 indicates no button clicked (in the beginning) private void ChangeInUsersList(int clickedButton) { switch(liveButton) { case 1 : b1.setBackground(Color.GRAY); break; case 2 : b2.setBackground(Color.GRAY); break; case 3 : b3.setBackground(Color.GRAY); break; case 4 : b4.setBackground(Color.GRAY); break; case 5 : b5.setBackground(Color.GRAY); break; default: System.out.println("No button to change"); } liveButton = clickedButton;// store the clicked button to change its //background later } private void b1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { ChangeInUsersList(1); b1.setBackground(new java.awt.Color(255,255,255)); } private void b2ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { ChangeInUsersList(2); b2.setBackground(new java.awt.Color(255,255,255)); } private void b3ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { ChangeInUsersList(3); b3.setBackground(new java.awt.Color(255,255,255)); } private void b4ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { ChangeInUsersList(4); b4.setBackground(new java.awt.Color(255,255,255)); } private void b5ButtonActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { ChangeInUsersList(5); b5.setBackground(new java.awt.Color(255,255,255)); } However, its not working as expected. When i click on a button, its background does change to white. However, if i click on some other button after that, the former button's background doesnt change to grey. I tried replacing Color.GREY with new java.awt.Color(236,233,216) - the rgb for grey but it still doesnt work.

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  • Should an event-sourced aggregate root have query access to the event sourcing repository?

    - by JD Courtoy
    I'm working on an event-sourced CQRS implementation, using DDD in the application / domain layer. I have an object model that looks like this: public class Person : AggregateRootBase { private Guid? _bookingId; public Person(Identification identification) { Apply(new PersonCreatedEvent(identification)); } public Booking CreateBooking() { // Enforce Person invariants var booking = new Booking(); Apply(new PersonBookedEvent(booking.Id)); return booking; } public void Release() { // Enforce Person invariants // Should we load the booking here from the aggregate repository? // We need to ensure that booking is released as well. var booking = BookingRepository.Load(_bookingId); booking.Release(); Apply(new PersonReleasedEvent(_bookingId)); } [EventHandler] public void Handle(PersonBookedEvent @event) { _bookingId = @event.BookingId; } [EventHandler] public void Handle(PersonReleasedEvent @event) { _bookingId = null; } } public class Booking : AggregateRootBase { private DateTime _bookingDate; private DateTime? _releaseDate; public Booking() { //Enforce invariants Apply(new BookingCreatedEvent()); } public void Release() { //Enforce invariants Apply(new BookingReleasedEvent()); } [EventHandler] public void Handle(BookingCreatedEvent @event) { _bookingDate = SystemTime.Now(); } [EventHandler] public void Handle(BookingReleasedEvent @event) { _releaseDate = SystemTime.Now(); } // Some other business activities unrelated to a person } With my understanding of DDD so far, both Person and Booking are seperate aggregate roots for two reasons: There are times when business components will pull Booking objects separately from the database. (ie, a person that has been released has a previous booking modified due to incorrect information). There should not be locking contention between Person and Booking whenever a Booking needs to be updated. One other business requirement is that a Booking can never occur for a Person more than once at a time. Due to this, I'm concerned about querying the query database on the read side as there could potentially be some inconsistency there (due to using CQRS and having an eventually consistent read database). Should the aggregate roots be allowed to query the event-sourced backing store for objects (lazy-loading them as needed)? Are there any other avenues of implementation that would make more sense?

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  • Adding Functions to an Implementation of Vector

    - by Meursault
    I have this implementation of vector that I've been working on for a few days using examples from a textbook: #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <cassert> #include <algorithm> #include <cstring> // Vector.h using namespace std; template <class T> class Vector { public: typedef T * iterator; Vector(); Vector(unsigned int size); Vector(unsigned int size, const T & initial); Vector(const Vector<T> & v); // copy constructor ~Vector(); unsigned int capacity() const; // return capacity of vector (in elements) unsigned int size() const; // return the number of elements in the vector bool empty() const; iterator begin(); // return an iterator pointing to the first element iterator end(); // return an iterator pointing to one past the last element T & front(); // return a reference to the first element T & back(); // return a reference to the last element void push_back(const T & value); // add a new element void pop_back(); // remove the last element void reserve(unsigned int capacity); // adjust capacity void resize(unsigned int size); // adjust size void erase(unsigned int size); // deletes an element from the vector T & operator[](unsigned int index); // return reference to numbered element Vector<T> & operator=(const Vector<T> &); private: unsigned int my_size; unsigned int my_capacity; T * buffer; }; template<class T>// Vector<T>::Vector() { my_capacity = 0; my_size = 0; buffer = 0; } template<class T> Vector<T>::Vector(const Vector<T> & v) { my_size = v.my_size; my_capacity = v.my_capacity; buffer = new T[my_size]; for (int i = 0; i < my_size; i++) buffer[i] = v.buffer[i]; } template<class T>// Vector<T>::Vector(unsigned int size) { my_capacity = size; my_size = size; buffer = new T[size]; } template<class T>// Vector<T>::Vector(unsigned int size, const T & initial) { my_size = size; //added = size my_capacity = size; buffer = new T [size]; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) buffer[i] = initial; } template<class T>// Vector<T> & Vector<T>::operator = (const Vector<T> & v) { delete[ ] buffer; my_size = v.my_size; my_capacity = v.my_capacity; buffer = new T [my_size]; for (int i = 0; i < my_size; i++) buffer[i] = v.buffer[i]; return *this; } template<class T>// typename Vector<T>::iterator Vector<T>::begin() { return buffer; } template<class T>// typename Vector<T>::iterator Vector<T>::end() { return buffer + size(); } template<class T>// T& Vector<T>::Vector<T>::front() { return buffer[0]; } template<class T>// T& Vector<T>::Vector<T>::back() { return buffer[size - 1]; } template<class T> void Vector<T>::push_back(const T & v) { if (my_size >= my_capacity) reserve(my_capacity +5); buffer [my_size++] = v; } template<class T>// void Vector<T>::pop_back() { my_size--; } template<class T>// void Vector<T>::reserve(unsigned int capacity) { if(buffer == 0) { my_size = 0; my_capacity = 0; } if (capacity <= my_capacity) return; T * new_buffer = new T [capacity]; assert(new_buffer); copy (buffer, buffer + my_size, new_buffer); my_capacity = capacity; delete[] buffer; buffer = new_buffer; } template<class T>// unsigned int Vector<T>::size()const { return my_size; } template<class T>// void Vector<T>::resize(unsigned int size) { reserve(size); my_size = size; } template<class T>// T& Vector<T>::operator[](unsigned int index) { return buffer[index]; } template<class T>// unsigned int Vector<T>::capacity()const { return my_capacity; } template<class T>// Vector<T>::~Vector() { delete[]buffer; } template<class T> void Vector<T>::erase(unsigned int size) { } int main() { Vector<int> v; v.reserve(2); assert(v.capacity() == 2); Vector<string> v1(2); assert(v1.capacity() == 2); assert(v1.size() == 2); assert(v1[0] == ""); assert(v1[1] == ""); v1[0] = "hi"; assert(v1[0] == "hi"); Vector<int> v2(2, 7); assert(v2[1] == 7); Vector<int> v10(v2); assert(v10[1] == 7); Vector<string> v3(2, "hello"); assert(v3.size() == 2); assert(v3.capacity() == 2); assert(v3[0] == "hello"); assert(v3[1] == "hello"); v3.resize(1); assert(v3.size() == 1); assert(v3[0] == "hello"); Vector<string> v4 = v3; assert(v4.size() == 1); assert(v4[0] == v3[0]); v3[0] = "test"; assert(v4[0] != v3[0]); assert(v4[0] == "hello"); v3.pop_back(); assert(v3.size() == 0); Vector<int> v5(7, 9); Vector<int>::iterator it = v5.begin(); while (it != v5.end()) { assert(*it == 9); ++it; } Vector<int> v6; v6.push_back(100); assert(v6.size() == 1); assert(v6[0] == 100); v6.push_back(101); assert(v6.size() == 2); assert(v6[0] == 100); v6.push_back(101); cout << "SUCCESS\n"; } So far it works pretty well, but I want to add a couple of functions to it that I can't find examples for, a SWAP function that would look at two elements of the vector and switch their values and and an ERASE function that would delete a specific value or range of values in the vector. How should I begin implementing the two extra functions?

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