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  • Using FindAll on a List<List<T>> type

    - by Ken Foster
    Assuming public class MyClass { public int ID {get; set; } public string Name {get; set; } } and List<MyClass> classList = //populate with MyClass instances of various IDs I can do List<MyClass> result = classList.FindAll(class => class.ID == 123); and that will give me a list of just classes with ID = 123. Works great, looks elegant. Now, if I had List<List<MyClass>> listOfClassLists = //populate with Lists of MyClass instances How do I get a filtered list where the lists themselves are filtered. I tried List<List<MyClass>> result = listOfClassLists.FindAll (list => list.FindAll(class => class.ID == 123).Count > 0); it looks elegant, but doesn't work. It only includes Lists of classes where at least one class has an ID of 123, but it includes ALL MyClass instances in that list, not just the ones that match. I ended up having to do List<List<MyClass>> result = Results(listOfClassLists, 123); private List<List<MyClass>> Results(List<List<MyClass>> myListOfLists, int id) { List<List<MyClass>> results = new List<List<MyClass>>(); foreach (List<MyClass> myClassList in myListOfLists) { List<MyClass> subList = myClassList.FindAll(myClass => myClass.ID == id); if (subList.Count > 0) results.Add(subList); } return results; } which gets the job done, but isn't that elegant. Just looking for better ways to do a FindAll on a List of Lists. Ken

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  • php paypal ipn membership error

    - by aleksander haugas
    hello I integrated the membership subscription in the website, but I fail to insert data to the database. checking out all the function I make a txt file with php with data and generates me correctly. but I can not verify any data and less insert. <?php // read the post from PayPal system and add 'cmd' $req = 'cmd=_notify-validate'; foreach ($_POST as $key => $value) { $value = urlencode(stripslashes($value)); $req .= "&$key=$value"; } // Post back to PayPal system to validate $header .= "POST /cgi-bin/webscr HTTP/1.0\r\n"; $header .= "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n"; $header .= "Content-Length: " . strlen($req) . "\r\n\r\n"; $fp = fsockopen ('ssl://www.paypal.com', 443, $errno, $errstr, 30); // Assign posted variables to local variables $item_name = $_POST['item_name']; $item_number = $_POST['item_number']; $payment_status = $_POST['payment_status']; $payment_amount = $_POST['mc_gross']; $payment_currency = $_POST['mc_currency']; $txn_id = $_POST['txn_id']; $receiver_email = $_POST['receiver_email']; $payer_email = $_POST['payer_email']; $user_id = $_POST['custom']; //Here i make the txt file and it works correctly //but after this does not work or make a txt file //Insert and update data if (!$fp) { // HTTP ERROR } else { fputs ($fp, $header . $req); while (!feof($fp)) { $res = fgets ($fp, 1024); if (strcmp ($res, "VERIFIED") == 0) { //Verificamos el estado del pedido if ($payment_status == 'Completed') { $txn_id_check = mysql_query("SELECT Transaction_ID FROM ".$db_table_prefix."Users_Payments WHERE Transaction_ID='".$txn_id."'"); if (mysql_num_rows($txn_id_check) !=1) { //Si el pago se ha realizado al dueño especificado y coincide con el dueño if ($receiver_email == $website_Payment_Email) { //Tipo de cuenta segun pagado if ($payment_amount == '10.00' && $payment_currency == 'EUR') { //add txn_id to database $log_query = mysql_query("INSERT INTO `".$db_table_prefix."Users_Payments` VALUES ('','".$txn_id."','".$payer_email."')"); //update premium to 3 $update_premium = mysql_query("UPDATE ".$db_table_prefix."Users SET Group_ID='3' WHERE User_ID='".$user_id."'"); } } } } } else if (strcmp ($res, "INVALID") == 0) { // log for manual investigation } } fclose ($fp); } ?> I call this file with require_once () with the connection to the database any ideas? thanks

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  • How to retain headers for all the pages of an exported word document in php?

    - by udaya
    Hi I exported data from php page to word document but the problm is the header is not available in all pages I got the same problem while i am exporting the datas to pdf but i got the result for that one by using fpdf library In pdf i got the results like this ex page1 slno name 1 udaya 2 sankar In page 2 slno name 3 chendu 4 Akila I want the same kind of result in word how to get that This is the function i used function changeDetails() { $bType = $this->input->post('textvalue'); if($bType == "word") { $this->load->library('table'); $data['countrytoword'] = $this->AddEditmodel1->export(); $this->table->set_heading('Name','Country','State','Town'); $out = $this->table->generate($data['countrytoword']); header("Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-word"); header("Expires: 0"); header("Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0"); header("Content-disposition: attachment; filename=$cur_date.doc"); echo '<br><br>'; echo '<strong>CountryList</strong><br><br>'; print_r($out); } } <? if(isset($countrytoword)) { ?> <table align="center" border="0"> <tr> <td> Name </td> <td> Country </td> <td> State </td> <td> Town </td> </tr> <? foreach($countrytoword as $dsasffd) { ?> <tr> <td><?= $dsasffd['dbName'] ?></td> <td><?= $dsasffd['dbCountry']; ?></td> <td><?= $dsasffd['dbState']; ?></td> <td><?= $dsasffd['dbTown']; ?></td> <? } } ?> </tr> </table>

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  • MVC Partial View Not Refreshing when using JSON data

    - by 40-Love
    I have a dropdown that I'm using to refresh a div with checkboxes. I am trying to figure out why my view is not refreshing if I pass in data in JSON format. If I pass in just a regular string, the view refreshes. If I pass in JSON data, the view does not refresh. If I step through the code in the Partial view, I can see the correct number of records are being passed in, however the view doesn't get refreshed with the correct number of checkboxes. I tried to add some cache directives, it didn't work. This doesn't work: $(function () { $('#ddlMoveToListNames').change(function () { var item = $(this).val(); var selectedListID = $('#ddlListNames').val(); var checkValues = $('input[name=c]:checked').map(function () { return $(this).val(); }).toArray(); $.ajax({ url: '@Url.Action("Test1", "WordList")', type: 'POST', cache: false, data: JSON.stringify({ words: checkValues, moveToListID: item, selectedListID: selectedListID }), dataType: 'json', contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8', success: function (result) { } }) .done(function (partialViewResult) { $("#divCheckBoxes").replaceWith(partialViewResult); }); }); }); This works: $(function () { $('#ddlMoveToListNames').change(function () { var item = $(this).val(); var selectedListID = $('#ddlListNames').val(); var checkValues = $('input[name=c]:checked').map(function () { return $(this).val(); }).toArray(); $.ajax({ url: '@Url.Action("Test1", "WordList")', type: 'POST', cache: false, data: { selectedListID: item }, success: function (result) { } }) .done(function (partialViewResult) { $("#divCheckBoxes").replaceWith(partialViewResult); }); }); }); Partial View: @model WLWeb.Models.MyModel <div id="divCheckBoxes"> @foreach (var item in Model.vwWordList) { @Html.Raw("<label><input type='checkbox' value='" + @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Word) + "' name='c'> " + @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Word) + "</label>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"); } </div> Controller: [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] [OutputCache(NoStore = true, Duration = 0, VaryByParam = "*")] public PartialViewResult Test1(MyModel vm, string[] words, string moveToListID, string selectedListID) { int listNameID = Convert.ToInt32(moveToListID); List<vwWordList> lst = db.vwWordLists.Where(s => s.Word.StartsWith("wa") && s.ListID == listNameID).ToList(); vm.vwWordList = lst; return PartialView("Partial1", vm); } View: @Html.DropDownListFor(x => Model.FilterViewModel.MoveToListNameID, Model.FilterViewModel.MoveToListNameList, new { @id = "ddlMoveToListNames", style = "width:100px;" })

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  • Error Handling for Application in PHP

    - by Zubair1
    I was wondering if someone can show me a good way to handle errors in my PHP app, that i am also easily able to reuse in my codes. So far i have been using the following functions: Inline Errors function display_errors_for($fieldname) { global $errors; if (isset($errors[$fieldname])) { return '<label for="' .$fieldname. '" class="error">' . ucfirst($errors[$fieldname]). '</label>'; } else { return false; } } All Errrors function display_all_errors($showCounter = true) { global $errors; $counter = 0; foreach ($errors as $errorFieldName => $errorText) { if ($showCounter == true) { $counter++; echo '<li>' . $counter . ' - <label for="' .$errorFieldName. '">' .$errorText. '</label></li>'; } else { echo '<li><label for="' .$errorFieldName. '">' .$errorText. '</label></li>'; } } } I have a $errors = array(); defined on the top of my global file, so it is appended to all files. The way i use it is that if i encounter an error, i push a new error key/value to the $errors array holder, something like the following: if (strlen($username) < 3) { $errors['username'] = "usernames cannot be less then 3 characters."; } This all works great and all, But i wondering if some one has a better approach for this? with classes? i don't think i want to use Exceptions with try/catch seems like an overkill to me. I'm planning to make a new app, and i'll be getting my hands wet with OOP alot, though i have already made apps using OOP but this time i'm planning to go even deeper and use OOP approach more extensively. What i have in mind is something like this, though its just a basic class i will add further detail to it as i go deeper and deeper in my app to see what it needs. class Errors { public $errors = array(); public function __construct() { // Initialize Default Values // Initialize Methods } public function __destruct() { //nothing here too... } public function add($errorField, $errorDesc) { if (!is_string($errorField)) return false; if (!is_string($errorDesc)) return false; $this->errors[$errorField] = $errorDesc; } public function display($errorsArray) { // code to iterate through the array and display all errors. } } Please share your thoughts, if this is a good way to make a reusable class to store and display errors for an entire app, or is getting more familiar with exceptions and try/catch my only choice?

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  • XML - how to use namespace prefixes

    - by Asbie
    I have this XML at http://localhost/file.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <val:Root xmlns:val="http://www.hw-group.com/XMLSchema/ste/values.xsd"> <Agent> <Version>2.0.3</Version> <XmlVer>1.01</XmlVer> <DeviceName>HWg-STE</DeviceName> <Model>33</Model> <vendor_id>0</vendor_id> <MAC>00:0A:DA:01:DA:DA</MAC> <IP>192.168.1.1</IP> <MASK>255.255.255.0</MASK> <sys_name>HWg-STE</sys_name> <sys_location/> <sys_contact> HWg-STE:For more information try http://www.hw-group.com </sys_contact> </Agent> <SenSet> <Entry> <ID>215</ID> <Name>Home</Name> <Units>C</Units> <Value>27.7</Value> <Min>10.0</Min> <Max>40.0</Max> <Hyst>0.0</Hyst> <EmailSMS>1</EmailSMS> <State>1</State> </Entry> </SenSet> </val:Root> I am trying to read this from my c# code: static void Main(string[] args) { var xmlDoc = new XmlDocument(); xmlDoc.Load("http://localhost/file.xml"); XmlElement root = xmlDoc.DocumentElement; // Create an XmlNamespaceManager to resolve the default namespace. XmlNamespaceManager nsmgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(xmlDoc.NameTable); nsmgr.AddNamespace("val", "http://www.hw-group.com/XMLSchema/ste/values.xsd"); XmlNodeList nodes = root.SelectNodes("/val:SenSet/val:Entry"); foreach (XmlNode node in nodes) { string name = node["Name"].InnerText; string value = node["Value"].InnerText; Console.Write("name\t{0}\value\t{1}", name, value); } Console.ReadKey(); } } Problem is that the node is empty. I understand this is a common newbie problem when reading XML, still not able to solve what I am doing wrong, probably something with the Namespace "val" ?

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  • JSON.Net: deserializing polymorphic types without specifying the assembly

    - by Frank Schwieterman
    I see that using JSON.Net, I can decode polymorphic objects if a $type attribute specifies the specific type of the JSON object. In all the examples I've seen, $type includes the namespace. Is it possible to make this work including just a simple typename without the assembly? I'd be happy to specify a default assembly to the JsonSerializer if thats possible I am able to deserialize the JSON using: public class SingleAssemblyJsonTypeBinder : SerializationBinder { private readonly Assembly _assembly; private Dictionary _typesBySimpleName = new Dictionary(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase); private Dictionary _simpleNameByType = new Dictionary(); public SingleAssemblyJsonTypeBinder(Assembly assembly) { _assembly = assembly; _typesBySimpleName = new Dictionary<string, Type>(); foreach (var type in _assembly.GetTypes().Where(t => t.IsPublic)) { if (_typesBySimpleName.ContainsKey(type.Name)) throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot user PolymorphicBinder on a namespace where multiple public types have same name."); _typesBySimpleName[type.Name] = type; _simpleNameByType[type] = type.Name; } } public override Type BindToType(string assemblyName, string typeName) { Type result; if (_typesBySimpleName.TryGetValue(typeName.Trim(), out result)) return result; return null; } public override void BindToName(Type serializedType, out string assemblyName, out string typeName) { string name; if (_simpleNameByType.TryGetValue(serializedType, out name)) { typeName = name; assemblyName = null;// _assembly.FullName; } else { typeName = null; assemblyName = null; } } } ... public static JsonSerializerSettings GetJsonSerializationSettings() { var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings(); settings.Binder = new SingleAssemblyJsonTypeBinder(typeof(MvcApplication).Assembly); settings.TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.Objects; return settings; } .... var serializer = JsonSerializer.Create(settings); I haven't been able to make this work with MVC though, I'm configuring json deserialization per the code below in Application_Start, and the object is deserialized, but using the base type one. GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.Binder = new SingleAssemblyJsonTypeBinder(this.GetType().Assembly); GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.All; GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.TypeNameAssemblyFormat = FormatterAssemblyStyle.Simple;

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  • Can't get message body of certain emails from inbox using the Zend framework?

    - by Ali
    Hi guys I'm trying to read through an email inbox for my application - I'm using the zend framework here. The problem is that I'm unable to retrieve the message body for certain emails. The following is my code as to how I'm doing this: $mail = new Zend_Mail_Storage_Imap($mail_options); $all_messages = array(); $page = isset($_GET['page'])?$_GET['page']:1; $limit = isset($_GET['limit'])?$_GET['limit']:20; $offset = (($page-1)*$limit)+1; $end = ($page*$limit)>$c?$c:($page*$limit); for ($i=$offset;$i<=$end;$i++){ $h2t = new html2text(); $h2t->set_allowed_tags('<a>'); if(!$mail[$i]) break; else{ $one_message = $mail->getMessage($i); $one_message->id = $i; $one_message->UID = $mail->getUniqueId($i); $one_message->parts = array(); $one_message->body = ''; $count = 1; foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator($mail->getMessage($i)) as $ii=>$part) { try { $tpart = $part; //$tpart->_content = ''; $one_message->parts[$count] = $tpart; $count++; // check for html body if (strtok($part->contentType, ';') == 'text/html') { $b = $part->getContent(); if($part->contentTransferEncoding == 'quoted-printable') $b = quoted_printable_decode($b); $one_message->html_body = $b; $h2t->set_html($b); $one_message->body = $h2t->get_text(); } //check for text body if (strtok($part->contentType, ';') == 'text/plain') { $b = $part->getContent(); if($part->contentTransferEncoding == 'quoted-printable') $b = quoted_printable_decode($b); $one_message->text_body = $b; $one_message->body = $b;//$part->getContent(); } } catch (Zend_Mail_Exception $e) { // ignore } } $all_messages[] = $one_message; } } The problem is that randomly some messages don't return even a textbody or an html body. Even though if I check using a webvmail client those emails have a message body as well. WHat am I missing here?

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  • iPhone: Tracking/Identifying individual touches

    - by FlorianZ
    I have a quick question regarding tracking touches on the iPhone and I seem to not be able to come to a conclusion on this, so any suggestions / ideas are greatly appreciated: I want to be able to track and identify touches on the iphone, ie. basically every touch has a starting position and a current/moved position. Touches are stored in a std::vector and they shall be removed from the container, once they ended. Their position shall be updated once they move, but I still want to keep track of where they initially started (gesture recognition). I am getting the touches from [event allTouches], thing is, the NSSet is unsorted and I seem not to be able to identify the touches that are already stored in the std::vector and refer to the touches in the NSSet (so I know which ones ended and shall be removed, or have been moved, etc.) Here is my code, which works perfectly with only one finger on the touch screen, of course, but with more than one, I do get unpredictable results... - (void) touchesBegan:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event { [self handleTouches:[event allTouches]]; } - (void) touchesEnded:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event { [self handleTouches:[event allTouches]]; } - (void) touchesMoved:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event { [self handleTouches:[event allTouches]]; } - (void) touchesCancelled:(NSSet*)touches withEvent:(UIEvent*)event { [self handleTouches:[event allTouches]]; } - (void) handleTouches:(NSSet*)allTouches { for(int i = 0; i < (int)[allTouches count]; ++i) { UITouch* touch = [[allTouches allObjects] objectAtIndex:i]; NSTimeInterval timestamp = [touch timestamp]; CGPoint currentLocation = [touch locationInView:self]; CGPoint previousLocation = [touch previousLocationInView:self]; if([touch phase] == UITouchPhaseBegan) { Finger finger; finger.start.x = currentLocation.x; finger.start.y = currentLocation.y; finger.end = finger.start; finger.hasMoved = false; finger.hasEnded = false; touchScreen->AddFinger(finger); } else if([touch phase] == UITouchPhaseEnded || [touch phase] == UITouchPhaseCancelled) { Finger& finger = touchScreen->GetFingerHandle(i); finger.hasEnded = true; } else if([touch phase] == UITouchPhaseMoved) { Finger& finger = touchScreen->GetFingerHandle(i); finger.end.x = currentLocation.x; finger.end.y = currentLocation.y; finger.hasMoved = true; } } touchScreen->RemoveEnded(); } Thanks!

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  • How to put a background image on GridBagLayout

    - by Loligans
    I am trying to work with layout managers for the first time, and they are just kicking me in the teeth. I am trying to make a background image and then put buttons on top, using GridBagLayout, if there is a a better layoutmanager please do tell. As for trying to learn how to use layout managers, its very difficult and any learning references would also be much appreciated. This is what it looks like currently, I can get the frame to show the full image, but when i use gridlayout manager, it does that public void addComponentsToPane(Container pane){ BackgroundImage image = new BackgroundImage(); JButton button1, button2, button3, button4, button5; pane.setLayout(new GridBagLayout()); GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints(); if(shouldFill){ c.fill = GridBagConstraints.NONE; } button1 = new JButton("Button 1"); if (shouldWeightX) { c.weightx = 0.5; } c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; c.gridx = 1; c.gridy = 0; button1.setOpaque(false); pane.add(button1, c); button2 = new JButton("Button 2"); c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; c.weightx = 0.5; c.gridx = 0; c.gridy = 0; button2.setOpaque(false); pane.add(button2, c); button3 = new JButton("Button 3"); c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; c.weightx = 0.5; c.gridx = 2; c.gridy = 0; button3.setOpaque(false); pane.add(button3, c); button4 = new JButton("Long-Named Button 4"); c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; c.ipady = 40; //make this component tall c.weightx = 0.0; c.gridwidth = 3; c.gridx = 0; c.gridy = 1; pane.add(button4, c); button5 = new JButton("button 1"); c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; c.ipady = 0; //reset to default c.weighty = 1.0; //request any extra vertical space c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.PAGE_END; //bottom of space c.insets = new Insets(10,0,0,0); //top padding c.gridx = 1; //aligned with button 2 c.gridwidth = 2; //2 columns wide c.gridy = 2; //third row pane.add(button5, c); c.ipadx = 800; c.ipady = 400; pane.add(image, c); } This is what i'm trying to make it look like

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  • How can I have a Makefile automatically rebuild source files that include a modified header file? (I

    - by Nicholas Flynt
    I have the following makefile that I use to build a program (a kernel, actually) that I'm working on. Its from scratch and I'm learning about the process, so its not perfect, but I think its powerful enough at this point for my level of experience writing makefiles. AS = nasm CC = gcc LD = ld TARGET = core BUILD = build SOURCES = source INCLUDE = include ASM = assembly VPATH = $(SOURCES) CFLAGS = -Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer -finline-functions \ -nostdinc -fno-builtin -I $(INCLUDE) ASFLAGS = -f elf #CFILES = core.c consoleio.c system.c CFILES = $(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c))) SFILES = assembly/start.asm SOBJS = $(SFILES:.asm=.o) COBJS = $(CFILES:.c=.o) OBJS = $(SOBJS) $(COBJS) build : $(TARGET).img $(TARGET).img : $(TARGET).elf c:/python26/python.exe concat.py stage1 stage2 pad.bin core.elf floppy.img $(TARGET).elf : $(OBJS) $(LD) -T link.ld -o $@ $^ $(SOBJS) : $(SFILES) $(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@ %.o: %.c @echo Compiling $<... $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $@ $< #Clean Script - Should clear out all .o files everywhere and all that. clean: -del *.img -del *.o -del assembly\*.o -del core.elf My main issue with this makefile is that when I modify a header file that one or more C files include, the C files aren't rebuilt. I can fix this quite easily by having all of my header files be dependencies for all of my C files, but that would effectively cause a complete rebuild of the project any time I changed/added a header file, which would not be very graceful. What I want is for only the C files that include the header file I change to be rebuilt, and for the entire project to be linked again. I can do the linking by causing all header files to be dependencies of the target, but I cannot figure out how to make the C files be invalidated when their included header files are newer. I've heard that GCC has some commands to make this possible (so the makefile can somehow figure out which files need to be rebuilt) but I can't for the life of me find an actual implementation example to look at. Can someone post a solution that will enable this behavior in a makefile? EDIT: I should clarify, I'm familiar with the concept of putting the individual targets in and having each target.o require the header files. That requires me to be editing the makefile every time I include a header file somewhere, which is a bit of a pain. I'm looking for a solution that can derive the header file dependencies on its own, which I'm fairly certain I've seen in other projects.

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  • Javascript and the Google Maps API

    - by Tiny Giant Studios
    Hiya coding Ninja's I'm in a spot of bother and my hairline is on the chopping block. When I integrated the maps API on this site, ritaknoetze.com, everything worked perfectly. However, copying that exact code for a different demo website, scarabpaper, the map doesn't show up at all? Could someone show me the ropes on what I'm doing wrong? Here's the code I got from Google itself that I modified for my WordPress theme/installation: JavaScript: <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://maps.google.com/maps/api/js?sensor=false"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function initialize() { var myLatlng = new google.maps.LatLng(-34.009839, 22.78101); var myOptions = { zoom: 9, center: myLatlng, navigationControl: true, mapTypeControl: false, scaleControl: false, mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP } var map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map_canvas"), myOptions); var image = '<?php bloginfo('template_url')?>/assets/googlemaps_marker.png'; var myLatLng = new google.maps.LatLng(-34.009839, 22.78101); var beachMarker = new google.maps.Marker({ position: myLatLng, map: map, icon: image }); } </script> My HTML where the javascript goes: <div class="contact_container"> <div id="map_canvas"></div> <div class="clearfloat"></div> </div> My CSS for the affected divs #map_canvas { width: 880px; height: 300px; margin-left: 10px; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 10px; float: left; border: 1px solid #dedcdc;} .contact_container { /*container for ALL the contact info*/ background-color: #fff; border: 1px solid #dedcdc; width: 900px; margin-top: 30px; padding: 20px; padding-bottom: 0;} Any Help would be greatly appreciated...

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  • My first c# app and first null object exception

    - by Fresheyeball
    Total noob here. This is my first c# attempt, its a console application that simulates a drinking game called 'Left Right Center'. In the console I receive the following: CONSOLE Unhandled Exception: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object at LeftRightCenter.MainClass.Main (System.String[] args) [0x00038] in /Users/apple/Projects/LearningC/LearningC/Main.cs:80 [ERROR] FATAL UNHANDLED EXCEPTION: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object at LeftRightCenter.MainClass.Main (System.String[] args) [0x00038] in /Users/apple/Projects/LearningC/LearningC/Main.cs:80 C# using System; namespace LeftRightCenter { class Player { //fields private int _quarters = 4; public int Quarters { get{ return _quarters; } set{ _quarters += value; } } public Player (string name) { } } class Dice { Random random = new Random(); public int Roll () { random = new Random (); int diceSide; diceSide = random.Next (0, 6); diceSide = (diceSide > 2) ? 3 : diceSide; return diceSide; } } class MainClass { static int activePlayer = 0; static int theCup = 0; static Player[] thePlayers = { new Player ("Jessica"), new Player ("Isaac"), new Player ("Ed"), new Player ("Bella"), new Player ("Elisa"), new Player ("Fake RedHead"), new Player ("Linda"), new Player ("MJ"), new Player ("Irene"), new Player("Devin") }; static Dice[] theDice = new Dice[2]; private static void MoveQuarter (int direction) { int numberOfPlayers = thePlayers.Length - 1; switch (direction) { case 0: thePlayers [activePlayer].Quarters = -1; theCup++; break; case 1: thePlayers [activePlayer].Quarters = -1; int leftPlayer = (activePlayer == 0) ? numberOfPlayers : activePlayer - 1; thePlayers [leftPlayer].Quarters = +1; break; case 2: thePlayers [activePlayer].Quarters = -1; int rightPlayer = (activePlayer == numberOfPlayers) ? 0 : activePlayer + 1; thePlayers [rightPlayer].Quarters = +1; break; } } public static void Main (string[] args) { int cupEndPoint = thePlayers.Length * 4 - 1; while (theCup < cupEndPoint) { foreach (Dice rattle in theDice) { if (thePlayers [activePlayer].Quarters > 0) { MoveQuarter (rattle.Roll ()); // this line seems to be the problem } } Console.WriteLine ("{0} Quarters In the Cup", theCup); } } } } I have no idea what the problem is or why, and my googling have proven more use confusing than helpful.

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  • How to properly downcast in C# with a SWIG generated interface?

    - by JG
    I've got a very large and mature C++ code base that I'm trying to use SWIG on to generate a C# interface for. I cannot change the actual C++ code itself but we can use whatever SWIG offers in the way of extending/updating it. I'm facing an issue where a function C++ is written as such: A* SomeClass::next(A*) The caller might do something like: A* acurr = 0; while( (acurr = sc->next(acurr)) != 0 ){ if( acurr isoftype B ){ B* b = (B*)a; ...do some stuff with b.. } elseif( acurr isoftype C ) ... } Essentially, iterating through a container elements that depending on their true type, do something different. The SWIG generated C# layer for the "next" function unfortunately does the following: return new A(); So the calling code in C# land cannot determine if the returned object is actually a derived class or not, it actually appears to always be the base class (which does make sense). I've come across several solutions: Use the %extend SWIG keyword to add a method on an object and ultimately call dynamic_cast. The downside to this approach, as I see it, is that this requires you to know the inheritance hierarchy. In my case it is rather huge and I see this is as a maintenance issue. Use the %factory keyword to supply the method and the derived types and have SWIG automatically generate the dynamic_cast code. This appears to be a better solution that the first, however upon a deeper look it still requires you to hunt down all the methods and all the possible derived types it could return. Again, a huge maintenance issue. I wish I had a doc link for this but I can't find one. I found out about this functionality by looking through the example code that comes with SWIG. Create a C# method to create an instance of the derived object and transfer the cPtr to the new instance. While I consider this clumsy, it does work. See an example below. public static object castTo(object fromObj, Type toType) { object retval = null; BaseClass fromObj2 = fromObj as BaseClass; HandleRef hr = BaseClass.getCPtr(fromObj2); IntPtr cPtr = hr.Handle; object toObj = Activator.CreateInstance(toType, cPtr, false); // make sure it actually is what we think it is if (fromObj.GetType().IsInstanceOfType(toObj)) { return toObj; } return retval; } Are these really the options? And if I'm not willing to dig through all the existing functions and class derivations, then I'm left with #3? Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Same data being returned by linq for 2 different executions of a stored procedure?

    - by Paul
    Hello I have a stored procedure that I am calling through Entity Framework. The stored procedure has 2 date parameters. I supply different argument in the 2 times I call the stored procedure. I have verified using SQL Profiler that the stored procedure is being called correctly and returning the correct results. When I call my method the second time with different arguments, even though the stored procedure is bringing back the correct results, the table created contains the same data as the first time I called it. dtStart = 01/08/2009 dtEnd = 31/08/2009 public List<dataRecord> GetData(DateTime dtStart, DateTime dtEnd) { var tbl = from t in db.SP(dtStart, dtEnd) select t; return tbl.ToList(); } GetData((new DateTime(2009, 8, 1), new DateTime(2009, 8, 31)) // tbl.field1 value = 45450 - CORRECT GetData(new DateTime(2009, 7, 1), new DateTime(2009, 7, 31)) // tbl.field1 value = 45450 - WRONG 27456 expected Is this a case of Entity Framework being clever and caching? I can't see why it would cache this though as it has executed the stored procedure twice. Do I have to do something to close tbl? using Visual Studio 2008 + Entity Framework. I also get the message "query cannot be enumerated more than once" a few times every now and then, am not sure if that is relevant? FULL CODE LISTING namespace ProfileDataService { public partial class DataService { public static List<MeterTotalConsumpRecord> GetTotalAllTimesConsumption(DateTime dtStart, DateTime dtEnd, EUtilityGroup ug, int nMeterSelectionType, int nCustomerID, int nUserID, string strSelection, bool bClosedLocations, bool bDisposedLocations) { dbChildDataContext db = DBManager.ChildDataConext(nCustomerID); var tbl = from t in db.GetTotalConsumptionByMeter(dtStart, dtEnd, (int) ug, nMeterSelectionType, nCustomerID, nUserID, strSelection, bClosedLocations, bDisposedLocations, 1) select t; return tbl.ToList(); } } } /// CALLER List<MeterTotalConsumpRecord> _P1Totals; List<MeterTotalConsumpRecord> _P2Totals; public void LoadData(int nUserID, int nCustomerID, ELocationSelectionMethod locationSelectionMethod, string strLocations, bool bIncludeClosedLocations, bool bIncludeDisposedLocations, DateTime dtStart, DateTime dtEnd, ReportsBusinessLogic.Lists.EPeriodType durMainPeriodType, ReportsBusinessLogic.Lists.EPeriodType durCompareToPeriodType, ReportsBusinessLogic.Lists.EIncreaseReportType rptType, bool bIncludeDecreases) { ///Code for setting properties using parameters.. _P2Totals = ProfileDataService.DataService.GetTotalAllTimesConsumption(_P2StartDate, _P2EndDate, EUtilityGroup.Electricity, 1, nCustomerID, nUserID, strLocations, bIncludeClosedLocations, bIncludeDisposedLocations); _P1Totals = ProfileDataService.DataService.GetTotalAllTimesConsumption(_StartDate, _EndDate, EUtilityGroup.Electricity, 1, nCustomerID, nUserID, strLocations, bIncludeClosedLocations, bIncludeDisposedLocations); PopulateLines() //This fills up a list of objects with information for my report ready for the totals to be added PopulateTotals(_P1Totals, 1); PopulateTotals(_P2Totals, 2); } void PopulateTotals(List<MeterTotalConsumpRecord> objTotals, int nPeriod) { MeterTotalConsumpRecord objMeterConsumption = null; foreach (IncreaseReportDataRecord objLine in _Lines) { objMeterConsumption = objTotals.Find(delegate(MeterTotalConsumpRecord t) { return t.MeterID == objLine.MeterID; }); if (objMeterConsumption != null) { if (nPeriod == 1) { objLine.P1Consumption = (double)objMeterConsumption.Consumption; } else { objLine.P2Consumption = (double)objMeterConsumption.Consumption; } objMeterConsumption = null; } } } }

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  • Drupal 6: Printing Unadulterated Primary Links and all children...

    - by dcolumbus
    How in the WORLD is possible? I swear, I've read the equivalent of 3 encyclopedias to no avail. I've tried solutions within regions, page.tpl.php and blocks. None of them give me what I need... and I know there are so many other people that need this too! I've come to the conclusion that I want to print out the menu within my page.tpl.php ... so no block solutions, please. I want to be able to loop through the primary menu links (AND children) and rewrite the output so that there's no default Drupal class tagging. The closest I've found is this example: <?php if (is_array($primary_links)) : ?> <ul id="sliding-navigation"> <?php foreach ($primary_links as $link): ?> <li class="sliding-element"><?php $href = $link['href'] == "<front>" ? base_path() : base_path() . drupal_get_path_alias($link['href']); print "<a href='" . $href . "'>" . $link['title'] . "</a>"; ?></li> <?php endforeach; ?> </ul> <?php endif; ?> As you can see, links are being reprinted with a custom UL and LI class ... that's GREAT! However, no children are being printed. How would I extend this code so that all children are a part of the list? NOTE: I don't want the children to only appear on their parent page, they must be present all the time. Otherwise, the drop-down menu I have planned is useless. I sincerely thank you in advance to lessening my gargantuan headache!

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  • auto complete asp.net

    - by lodun
    Why my autocomplete ajax script does not work: This is my WebService.cs: using System; using System.Data; using System.Web; using System.Collections; using System.Web.Services; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Configuration; using System.Web.Script.Services; [ScriptService] [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] // To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line. public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService { public WebService () { //Uncomment the following line if using designed components //InitializeComponent(); } [WebMethod] public string[] GetCountryInfo(string prefixText, int count) { string sql = "Select * from questions Where username like @prefixText"; SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(sql,"estudent_piooConnectionString"); da.SelectCommand.Parameters.Add("@prefixText", SqlDbType.VarChar, 50).Value = prefixText + "%"; DataTable dt = new DataTable(); da.Fill(dt); string[] items = new string[dt.Rows.Count]; int i = 1; foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows) { items.SetValue(dr["username"].ToString(),i); i++; } return items; } } my css: /*AutoComplete flyout */ .autocomplete_completionListElement { margin : 0px!important; background-color : inherit; color : windowtext; border : buttonshadow; border-width : 1px; border-style : solid; cursor : 'default'; overflow : auto; height : 200px; text-align : left; list-style-type : none;padding:0px; } /* AutoComplete highlighted item */ .autocomplete_highlightedListItem { background-color: #ffff99; color: black; padding: 1px; } /* AutoComplete item */ .autocomplete_listItem { background-color : window; color : windowtext; padding : 1px; } and textbox: <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server"></asp:TextBox> <cc1:AutoCompleteExtender ID="AutoCompleteExtender1" CompletionListCssClass="autocomplete_completionListElement" CompletionListItemCssClass="autocomplete_listItem" CompletionSetCount="20" CompletionInterval="1000" DelimiterCharacters=";,:" CompletionListHighlightedItemCssClass="autocomplete_highlightedList MinimumPrefixLength="1" ServiceMethod="GetCountryInfo" ShowOnlyCurrentWordInCompletionListItem="true" TargetControlID="TextBox2" ServicePath="WebService.asmx" runat="server"></cc1:AutoCompleteExtender>

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  • Problem with jQuery accordion and cookies

    - by rayne
    I have a jQuery accordion from this site and edited for my purposes, but the accordion only works in Firefox (not Safari or Chrome) and the cookies aren't being set correctly. This is the jQuery: function initMenus() { $('#sidebar .letter_index').hide(); $.each($('#sidebar .letter_index'), function() { var cookie = $.cookie(this.id); if (cookie === null || String(cookie).length < 1) { $('#sidebar .letter_index:first').show(); } else { $('#' + this.id + ' .' + cookie).next().show(); } }); $('#sidebar .letter_head').click(function() { var checkElement = $(this).next(); var parent = this.parentNode.parentNode.id; if ((checkElement.is('.letter_index')) && (!checkElement.is(':visible'))) { $('#' + parent + ' .letter_index:visible').slideUp('normal'); if ((String(parent).length > 0) && (String(this.className).length > 0)) { // not working - wie ändert man das this.class so das die class abc oder def gesetzt wird anstatt this?! $.cookie(parent, this.className); } checkElement.slideDown('normal'); return false; } } ); } $(document).ready(function() {initMenus();}); This is how my HTML looks (sample item): <div id="sidebar"> <h2 class="letter_head"><a href="#" class="ABC">ABC</h2> <ul class="letter_index"> <li>Abc</li> <li>Bcd</li> </ul> </div> I can't find the problem why the script won't work in Safari and Chrome. I also don't know how to tell it to use the class of the a inside the h2 as the cookie value. (Currently the cookie is set as $.cookie(parent, this.className);, which produces cookies with the name container (the div above #sidebar) and the value letter_head. It needs to be something like 'sidebar' and 'ABC', 'DEF' and so on. Thanks in advance!

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  • xsl:variable contains nodeset. How to output nth node of variable?

    - by dnagirl
    I am transforming an XML document. There is an attribute @prettydate that is a string similar to "Friday, May 7, 2010". I want to split that string and add links to the month and the year. I am using the exslt:strings module and I can add any other necessary EXSLT module. This is my code so far: <xsl:template match="//calendar"> <xsl:variable name="prettyparts"> <xsl:value-of select="str:split(@prettydate,', ')"/> </xsl:variable> <table class='day'> <thead> <caption><xsl:value-of select="$prettyparts[1]"/>, <a> <xsl:attribute name='href'><xsl:value-of select="$baseref"/>?date=<xsl:value-of select="@highlight"/>&amp;per=m</xsl:attribute> <xsl:value-of select='$prettyparts[2]'/> </a> <xsl:value-of select='$prettyparts[3]'/>, <a> <xsl:attribute name='href'><xsl:value-of select="$baseref"/>?date=<xsl:value-of select="@highlight"/>&amp;per=y</xsl:attribute> <xsl:value-of select='$prettyparts[4]'/> </a> </caption> <!--etcetera--> I have verified, by running $prettyparts through a <xml:for-each/> that I am getting the expected nodeset: <token>Friday</token> <token>May</token> <token>7</token> <token>2010</token> But no matter which way I attempt to refer to a particular <token> directly (not in a foreach) I get nothing or various errors to do with invalid types. Here's some of the syntax I've tried: <xsl:value-of select="$prettyparts[2]"/> <xsl:value-of select="$prettyparts/token[2]"/> <xsl:value-of select="exsl:node-set($prettyparts/token[2])"/> <xsl:value-of select="exsl:node-set($prettyparts/token)[2]"/> Any idea what the expression ought to be?

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  • Cannot figure out how to take in generic parameters for an Enterprise Framework library sql statemen

    - by KallDrexx
    I have written a specialized class to wrap up the enterprise library database functionality for easier usage. The reasoning for using the Enterprise Library is because my applications commonly connect to both oracle and sql server database systems. My wrapper handles both creating connection strings on the fly, connecting, and executing queries allowing my main code to only have to write a few lines of code to do database stuff and deal with error handling. As an example my ExecuteNonQuery method has the following declaration: /// <summary> /// Executes a query that returns no results (e.g. insert or update statements) /// </summary> /// <param name="sqlQuery"></param> /// <param name="parameters">Hashtable containing all the parameters for the query</param> /// <returns>The total number of records modified, -1 if an error occurred </returns> public int ExecuteNonQuery(string sqlQuery, Hashtable parameters) { // Make sure we are connected to the database if (!IsConnected) { ErrorHandler("Attempted to run a query without being connected to a database.", ErrorSeverity.Critical); return -1; } // Form the command DbCommand dbCommand = _database.GetSqlStringCommand(sqlQuery); // Add all the paramters foreach (string key in parameters.Keys) { if (parameters[key] == null) _database.AddInParameter(dbCommand, key, DbType.Object, null); else _database.AddInParameter(dbCommand, key, DbType.Object, parameters[key].ToString()); } return _database.ExecuteNonQuery(dbCommand); } _database is defined as private Database _database;. Hashtable parameters are created via code similar to p.Add("@param", value);. the issue I am having is that it seems that with enterprise library database framework you must declare the dbType of each parameter. This isn't an issue when you are calling the database code directly when forming the paramters but doesn't work for creating a generic abstraction class such as I have. In order to try and get around that I thought I could just use DbType.Object and figure the DB will figure it out based on the columns the sql is working with. Unfortunately, this is not the case as I get the following error: Implicit conversion from data type sql_variant to varchar is not allowed. Use the CONVERT function to run this query Is there any way to use generic parameters in a wrapper class or am I just going to have to move all my DB code into my main classes?

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  • How to clean and simplify this code?

    - by alkalim
    After thinking about This Question and giving an answer to it I wanted to do more about that to train myself. So I wrote a function which will calc the length of an given function. Th given php-file has to start at the beginning of the needed function. Example: If the function is in a big phpfile with lots of functions, like /* lots of functions */ function f_interesting($arg) { /* function */ } /* lots of other functions */ then $part3 of my function will require to begin like that (after the starting-{ of the interesting function): /* function */ } /* lots of other functions */ Now that's not the problem, but I would like to know if there are an cleaner or simplier ways to do this. Here's my function: (I already cleaned a lot of testing-echo-commands) (The idea behind it is explained here) function f_analysis ($part3) { if(isset($part3)) { $char_array = str_split($part3); //get array of chars $end_key = false; //length of function $depth = 0; //How much of unclosed '{' $in_sstr = false; //is next char inside in ''-String? $in_dstr = false; //is nect char inside an ""-String? $in_sl_comment = false; //inside an //-comment? $in_ml_comment = false; //inside an /* */-comment? $may_comment = false; //was the last char an '/' which can start a comment? $may_ml_comment_end = false; //was the last char an '*' which may end a /**/-comment? foreach($char_array as $key=>$char) { if($in_sstr) { if ($char == "'") { $in_sstr = false; } } else if($in_dstr) { if($char == '"') { $in_dstr = false; } } else if($in_sl_comment) { if($char == "\n") { $in_sl_comment = false; } } else if($in_ml_comment) { if($may_ml_comment_end) { $may_ml_comment_end = false; if($char == '/') { $in_ml_comment = false; } } if($char == '*') { $may_ml_comment_end = true; } } else if ($may_comment) { if($char == '/') { $in_sl_comment = true; } else if($char == '*') { $in_ml_comment = true; } $may_comment = false; } else { switch ($char) { case '{': $depth++; break; case '}': $depth--; break; case '/': $may_comment = true; break; case '"': $in_dstr = true; break; case "'": $in_sstr = true; break; } } if($depth < 0) { $last_key = $key; break; } } } else echo '<br>$part3 of f_analysis not set!'; return ($last_key===false) ? false : $last_key+1; //will be false or the length of the function }

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  • Is there simple way how to join two RouteValueDictionary values to pass parameters to Html.ActionLin

    - by atagaew
    Hi. Look on my code that i created in a partial View: <% foreach (Customer customerInfo in Model.DataRows) {%> <tr> <td> <%=Html.ActionLink( customerInfo.FullName , ((string)ViewData["ActionNameForSelectedCustomer"]) , JoinParameters(customerInfo.id, (RouteValueDictionary) ViewData["AdditionalSelectionParameters"]) , null)%> </td> <td> <%=customerInfo.LegalGuardianName %> </td> <td> <%=customerInfo.HomePhone %> </td> <td> <%=customerInfo.CellPhone %> </td> </tr> <%}%> Here I'm building simple table that showing customer's details. As you may see, in each row, I'm trying to build a link that will redirect to another action. That action requires customerId and some additional parameters. Additional parameters are different for each page where this partial View is using. So, i decided to make Action methods to pass that additional parameters in the ViewData as RouteValueDictionary instance. Now, on the view i have a problem, i need to pass customerId and that RouteValueDictionary together into Html.ActionLink method. That makes me to figure out some way of how to combine all that params into one object (either object or new RouteValueDictionary instance) Because of the way the MVC does, i can't create create a method in the codebehind class (there is no codebihind in MVC) that will join that parameters. So, i used ugly way - inserted inline code: ...script runat="server"... private RouteValueDictionary JoinParameters(int customerId, RouteValueDictionary defaultValues) { RouteValueDictionary routeValueDictionary = new RouteValueDictionary(defaultValues); routeValueDictionary.Add("customerId", customerId); return routeValueDictionary; } ...script... This way is very ugly for me, because i hate to use inline code in the View part. My question is - is there any better way of how i can mix parameters passed from the action (in ViewData, TempData, other...) and the parameter from the view when building action links. May be i can build this link in other way ? Thanks!

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  • Points in CSS specificity

    - by Sam
    Researching specificity I stumbled upon this blog - http://www.htmldog.com/guides/cssadvanced/specificity/ It states that specificity is a point-scoring system for CSS. It tells us that elements are worth 1 point, classes are worth 10 points and IDs are worth 100 points. It also goes on top say that these points are totaled and the overall amount is that selector's specificity. For example: body = 1 point body .wrapper = 11 points body .wrapper #container = 111 points So, using these points surely the following CSS and HTML will result in the text being blue: CSS: #a { color: red; } .a .b .c .d .e .f .g .h .i .j .k .l .m .n .o { color: blue; } HTML: <div class="a"> <div class="b"> <div class="c"> <div class="d"> <div class="e"> <div class="f"> <div class="g"> <div class="h"> <div class="i"> <div class="j"> <div class="k"> <div class="l"> <div class="m"> <div class="n"> <div class="o" id="a"> This should be blue. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> RESULT: http://jsfiddle.net/hkqCF/ Why is the text red when 15 classes would equal 150 points compared to 1 ID which equals 100 points?

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  • Internationalization of static pages with Rails

    - by Gavin
    I feel like I'm missing something really simple and I keep spinning my wheels on this problem. I currently have internationalization working throughout my app. The translations work and the routes work perfectly. At least, most of the site works with the exception of the routes to my two static pages, my "About" and "FAQ" pages. Every other link throughout the app points to the proper localized route. For example if I select "french" as my language, links point to the appropriate "(/:locale)/controller(.:format)." However, despite the changes I make throughout the app my links for the "About" and "FAQ" refuse to point to "../fr/static/about" and always point to "/static/about." To make matters stranger, when I run rake routes I see: "GET (/:locale)/static/:permalink(.:format) pages#show {:locale=/en|fr/}" and when I manually type in "../fr/static/about" the page translates perfectly. My Routes file: devise_for :users scope "(:locale)", :locale => /en|fr/ do get 'static/:permalink', :controller => 'pages', :action => 'show' resources :places, only: [:index, :show, :destroy] resources :homes, only: [:index, :show] match '/:locale' => 'places#index' get '/'=>'places#index',:as=>"root" end My ApplicationController: before_filter :set_locale def set_locale I18n.locale=params[:locale]||I18n.default_locale end def default_url_options(options={}) logger.debug "default_url_options is passed options: #{options.inspect}\n" { :locale => I18n.locale } end and My Pages Controller: class PagesController < ApplicationController before_filter :validate_page PAGES = ['about_us', 'faq'] def show render params[:permalink] end def validate_page redirect_to :status => 404 unless PAGES.include?(params[:permalink]) end end I'd be very grateful for any help ... it's just been one of those days. Edit: Thanks to Terry for jogging me to include views. <div class="container-fluid nav-collapse"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"><%= t(:'navbar.about') %><b class="caret"></b></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><%=link_to t(:'navbar.about_us'), "/static/about_us"%></li> <li><%=link_to t(:'navbar.faq'), "/static/faq"%></li> <li><%=link_to t(:'navbar.blog'), '#' %></li> </ul> </li>

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  • C++ Virtual Constructor, without clone()

    - by Julien L.
    I want to perform "deep copies" of an STL container of pointers to polymorphic classes. I know about the Prototype design pattern, implemented by means of the Virtual Ctor Idiom, as explained in the C++ FAQ Lite, Item 20.8. It is simple and straightforward: struct ABC // Abstract Base Class { virtual ~ABC() {} virtual ABC * clone() = 0; }; struct D1 : public ABC { virtual D1 * clone() { return new D1( *this ); } // Covariant Return Type }; A deep copy is then: for( i = 0; i < oldVector.size(); ++i ) newVector.push_back( oldVector[i]->clone() ); Drawbacks As Andrei Alexandrescu states it: The clone() implementation must follow the same pattern in all derived classes; in spite of its repetitive structure, there is no reasonable way to automate defining the clone() member function (beyond macros, that is). Moreover, clients of ABC can possibly do something bad. (I mean, nothing prevents clients to do something bad, so, it will happen.) Better design? My question is: is there another way to make an abstract base class clonable without requiring derived classes to write clone-related code? (Helper class? Templates?) Following is my context. Hopefully, it will help understanding my question. I am designing a class hierarchy to perform operations on a class Image: struct ImgOp { virtual ~ImgOp() {} bool run( Image & ) = 0; }; Image operations are user-defined: clients of the class hierarchy will implement their own classes derived from ImgOp: struct CheckImageSize : public ImgOp { std::size_t w, h; bool run( Image &i ) { return w==i.width() && h==i.height(); } }; struct CheckImageResolution; struct RotateImage; ... Multiple operations can be performed sequentially on an image: bool do_operations( std::vector< ImgOp* > v, Image &i ) { std::for_each( v.begin(), v.end(), /* bind2nd(mem_fun(&ImgOp::run), i ...) don't remember syntax */ ); } int main( ... ) { std::vector< ImgOp* > v; v.push_back( new CheckImageSize ); v.push_back( new CheckImageResolution ); v.push_back( new RotateImage ); Image i; do_operations( v, i ); } If there are multiple images, the set can be split and shared over several threads. To ensure "thread-safety", each thread must have its own copy of all operation objects contained in v -- v becomes a prototype to be deep copied in each thread.

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