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  • serving mp3s to mobile devices is flooding nginx with partial requests

    - by drumfire
    I am serving mp3s with a minimalistic nginx server. What I see in my log files is that there are a lot of requests, in particular from AppleCoreMedia and sometimes Android useragents, that flood the server with short requests. Sometimes they keep requesting to download the same partial content for a very long time; sometimes more than an hour. For example: "GET /somefile.mp3 HTTP/1.1" 206 33041 "AppleCoreMedia/1.0.0.9B206 (iPhone; U; CPU OS 5_1_1 like Mac OS X; en_us)" "GET /somefile.mp3 HTTP/1.1" 206 33041 "AppleCoreMedia/1.0.0.9B206 (iPhone; U; CPU OS 5_1_1 like Mac OS X; en_us)" "GET /somefile.mp3 HTTP/1.1" 206 33041 "AppleCoreMedia/1.0.0.9B206 (iPhone; U; CPU OS 5_1_1 like Mac OS X; en_us)" [...] I also get a lot, but not as much, of these: "-" 400 0 "-" "-" 400 0 "-" The IP addresses are always from clients that start downloading shortly after that request, usually they have roughly the same UserAgent as in the first example. emphasized text I have enabled server throttling and connection limits in nginx to limit the huge amount of log entries from equivalent IPs at least somewhat. There was a performance issue when I saw the same behaviour on the previous server that used Apache. I installed nginx on a better server then moved the site. When Apache could not handle more connections from the increasing number of clients effectively that server was ddossed. There was no bandwidth issue with already connected clients and I don't know if the already connected clients were using more than one connection at a time. Please tell me: Are clients that appear to get stuck on a download a Bad Thing™ I heard people say their mobile bandwidth use was much higher than they could account for. I'm thinking this type of client behaviour can account for that. And costs us more bandwidth too. Which up to date alternatives exist out there that can handle serving this type of data better than plain HTTP? Useful general insights for someone who just came into this field straight out of the late 90s. :-)

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  • Linksys WiFi usb dongle and linux woes

    - by MrStatic
    I have a Linksys WUSB54GC usb dongle and I have exhausted every thing I know about making this thing work in linux. I am using Fedora 13. Since it is not ready I can not view any networks. Any ideas would be great. tail of the system log Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: usb 1-7: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 8 Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: usb 1-7: New USB device found, idVendor=1737, idProduct=0077 Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: usb 1-7: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: usb 1-7: Product: 802.11 g WLAN Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: usb 1-7: Manufacturer: Ralink Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: usb 1-7: SerialNumber: 1.0 Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: Registered led device: rt2800usb-phy3::radio Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: Registered led device: rt2800usb-phy3::assoc Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: Registered led device: rt2800usb-phy3::quality Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> found WiFi radio killswitch rfkill3 (at /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb1/1-7/1-7:1.0/ieee80211/phy3/rfkill3) (driver <unknown>) Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: rt2800usb 1-7:1.0: firmware: requesting rt2870.bin Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): driver supports SSID scans (scan_capa 0x01). Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): new 802.11 WiFi device (driver: 'rt2800usb' ifindex: 6) Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/4 Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): now managed Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): device state change: 1 -> 2 (reason 2) Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): bringing up device. Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost kernel: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): preparing device. Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): deactivating device (reason: 2). Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): supplicant interface state: starting -> ready Jun 2 20:14:35 localhost NetworkManager[1367]: <info> (wlan0): device state change: 2 -> 3 (reason 42) [root@localhost log]# iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=8 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on

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  • Monitoring the status of accounts with IT Service providers (ISP, Domain Registrar etc.)

    - by Sholom
    Hi All, Short version: You have software that tells you when your servers power-outlet is down. It monitors multiple servers from one management console, alerts you when something is wrong etc. Does anyone know of software that will let me take the same approach to monitor if the money-outlet (the bill!) is down (not paid) to my IT Services providers (ISP, Domain Registrar, MX Backup service etc). I need a top down, centrally managed service that is capable of sending out alerts. Just like the one that monitors my own exchange server etc. I don't mind if i have to manually enter every payment. Long version: Our very likable but absent minded bookkeeper keeps neglecting to pay our IT vendors on time. Just this past week our internet service was disconnected. Same could happen to many other mission critical accounts (domain registrar, backup MX, anti-virus license, HackerSafe (McAfee secure) service and even an 800 number to name a few). As the sysadmin, i monitor my severs to make sure they are plugged into the power-outlet. I believe i should also monitor my services to make sure they are plugged in to their money-outlet. To compound the problem, when the power goes out someone else will likely notice and notify me. But if a bill is not payed, no one will ever notice until service is lost. Lost as in losing our domain name which would cause a lot more damage then the power failing on our server. [Solution] = [Doesn't work because]: Retrain the bookkeeper = Wishful thinking. Notify my manager = Already have (via email). Protects me, does not solve problem. Fire bookkeeper = What makes you so sure the next one will never forget? Bottom line: Humans are humans and sooner or later something critical will be royally messed up. We need to partner with a machine to help us out here. Anybody have the same problem? What software/solution do you use? I would like software that emails me when a bill is passed due just like i get an email when the power outlet fails. Anyone hear of anything like that? Thanks

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  • Poor performance of single processor 32bit Windows XP xompared SMP in VBA+Excel

    - by Adam Ryczkowski
    Welcome! On many computers I experienced poor performance of 32 bit guests running on 64 bit Linux host (I used only the Debian family). At last I managed to collect benchmark data. I made the benchmark by running custom VBA macro, (which we use in our company) that generates 284 pages long Word document full of Excel Pie charts, tables and comments. The macro is run as a single task (excluding the standard services) on a set of identically configured Windows XP 32-bit systems. I measured the time (in sec.) needed to perform the test. The computer (i.e. my notebook Asus P53E) supports both VT-d extensions and native Windows XP. It has 2-core processor, each core is hyperthreaded, so in total we have 4 mostly independent execution units. I use the latest VirtualBox 4.2 and VMWare Workstation 9.0 for Linux, installed together on the same host (running Mint 13 Maya) but never run simultaneously. The results (in column Time) are no less accurate than ± 10% Here are the results (sorry for the format, but I couldn't find out a better solution for tables in SO): +---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+----------------+------+ | Host software | # processor | Windows kernel | IO APIC | VT-x/AMD-V | 2D Video Accel | Time | +---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+----------------+------+ | VirtualBox | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1139 | | VirtualBox | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1050 | | VirtualBox | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1644 | | VirtualBox | 4 | ACPI Multiprocessor PC | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6809 | | VMWare | 1 | ACPI Uniprocessor PC | | 1 | 1 | 1175 | | VMWare | 4 | ACPI Multiprocessor PC | | 1 | 1 | 3412 | | Native | 4 | ACPI Multiprocessor PC | | | | 1693 | | Native | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | | | | 1170 | +---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+----------------+------+ Here are the striking conclusions: Although I've read in the VirtualBox fora about abysmal performance with 32-bit guest on 64-bit host, VMWare also has problems compared to native run, still being twice faster(!) than VBox. Although VBA is inherently single-threaded, the Excel calculations, which take much more than a half of total computation time, supposedly aren't. So one would expect some speed gain when running on 2+ cores ("+" for hyperthreading). What we see is a speed loss. And quite big one too. For the VirtualBox the VT-d extension isn't a big deal. Can anyone shed some light on why the singlethreaded Windows kernel is so much faster than the SMP one?

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  • Looking for app to work fluidly with CSV data in graph form

    - by Aszurom
    It often occurs to me that if I had a good tool for viewing CSV data in graphical format, and comparing two sets of numbers to each other, I could do a great deal of meaningful trend watching and data interpretation. For example, perfmon can output quite a lot of data about a server into a CSV file, but there's no good way to view it. A lot of scripts could/have been written that would populate CSV files. I could write these all day long. My problem is that I need a great viewer. I've seen quite a few things that will take a CSV file and after a lot of tweaking and user adjustment produce a static gif/png image. A static image doesn't do me a lot of good, because I have to look at it, then re-calibrate the parameters of the program, regenerate the image, repeat. That sucks. I could do this in Excel. Ideally, I would want a FLUID graph viewer. On the fly, I can adjust how much of my timeline I'm viewing. I could adjust the scaling so that one big spike doesn't make 99.9% of the data an unreadable line across the bottom of the X axis. Stuff like that. I should be able to say "show me CSV column 3 and column 5 as graphs. Show me the data scaled for 20 or 150 entries, and let me slide that window up and down the column of data. Auto scale to fit 95% of data within the Y axis and let crazy spikes go off the screen." Maybe I'm terribly spoiled by how you can drag, zoom, and slide data around on my iPad. I want to be able to view a spreadsheet of data with that fluidity and not have to guess at what sort of static snapshot I want to create from it. I don't want to have to make a study of how to tweak some data plotting program to let me import my file and do what I could just do in Excel. I want to scale, zoom, and transform my graph on the fly and then export a snapshot of it once I have it the way I want it. Is there anything out there that fills this need? I'll take linux, osx, win32 or even iOS suggestions.

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  • HTTPS request to a specific load-balanced virtual host (using Shibboleth for SSO)?

    - by Gary S. Weaver
    In one environment, we have three servers load balanced that have a single Tomcat instance on each, fronted by two different Apache virtual hosts. Each of those two virtual hosts (served by all three servers) has its own different load balancer. Internally, the first host (we'll call it barfoo) is served by port 443 (HTTPS) with its cert and the second host (we'll call it foobar) is served by port 1443 (HTTPS). When you hit foobar, it goes to the load balancer which is using IP affinity for that host, so you can easily test login/HTTPS on one of the servers serving foobar, but not the others (because you keep getting that server for the lifetime of the LB session, iirc). In addition, each of the servers are using Shibboleth v2 for authN/SSO, using mod_shib (iirc). So, a normal request to foobar hits the LB, is directed to the 3rd server (and will do that from then on for as long as the LB session lasts), then Apache, then to the Shibboleth SP which looks at the request, makes you login via negotiation with the Shibboleth IdP, then you hit Apache again which in turn hits Tomcat, renders, and returns the response. (I'm leaving out some steps there.) We'd like to hit one of the individual servers (foobar-03.acme.org which we'll say has IP 1.2.3.4) via HTTPS (skipping the load balancer), so we at first try putting this in /etc/hosts: 1.2.3.4 foobar.acme.org But since foobar.acme.org is a secondary virtual host running on 1443, it attempts to get barfoo.acme.org rather than foobar.acme.org at port 1443 and see that the cert for barfoo.acme.org is invalid for this case since it doesn't match the request's host, foobar.acme.org. I thought an ssh tunnel might be easy enough, so I tried: ssh -L 7777:foobar-03.acme.org:1443 [email protected] I tried just hitting https://localhost:7777/webappname in a browser, but when the Shibboleth login is over, it again tries to redirect to barfoo.acme.org, which is the default host for 443, and we get into an infinite redirect loop. I then tried setting up an SSH tunnel with privileged port 443 locally going to 443 of foobar-03.acme.org as the hostname for that virtual host: sudo ssh -L 443:foobar-03.acme.org:1443 [email protected] I also edited /etc/hosts to add: 127.0.0.1 foobar.acme.org This finally worked and I was able to get the browser to hit the individual HTTPS host at https://foobar.acme.org/webappname, bypassing the load balancer. This was a bit of a pain and wouldn't work for everyone, due to the requirement to use the local 443 port and ssh to the server. Is there an easier way to browse to and log into an individual host in this case?

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  • Deployment/provisioning tool for commercial applications (not developed in-house)

    - by mfinni
    I help manage a few hosted commercial applications, and we have a lot of manual processes involved when doing new customer-instance deployments into the shared (multitenant) environment. Allow me to describe the most relevant features, and then we can talk about the tools. We have an application on AIX, that requires dozens of changes to config files (some plain text, some XML) as well as a good number of commands to be run on multiple servers - some to start the new instance, some to restart our shared authentication and reporting engines, etc. The config changes follow templates, of course. The servers in question will also depend on the initial conditions specified by the implementer/deployer - we may choose to deploy a given customer to our servers in Europe, or one set of servers may be active-active whereas a different set of servers is active-passive - in short, there's a lot of complications. We have another application that run on IIS 6 and SQL. The DBAs don't want any automation of the SQL components and that's fine with me, but automating the IIS bit would be great. For a new customer instance, we make a filesystem copy of a template Virtual Directory target named after the new customer, make a new AppPool to match, edit a VirDir template .xml file to replace the filepaths and AppPool names with the new ones, and then make a new VirDir from the modified template XML to point to the new filesystem folder and app pool. For the first case, something like ControlTier or Chef might be good. For the second, the new(ish) Web Deploy from MS would probably do a good job. Has anyone used these tools or others to do something similar for applications? More of a nice-to-have, not a fixed requirement - Has anyone used anything that works on both platforms? I'm looking for something free, because the official word is that within a year, we will have whatever HP has renamed the OpsWare suite, which should be able to do stuff like this. Edit - based on someone's suggestion, looking at CFengine for the AIX application, it doesn't seem to address my pain. The problem isn't keeping a given config synced across dozens of servers, we have rsync for that. The problem is that onboarding a new customer instance touches dozens of files, putting pieces of the same or similar information into them - some are new stanzas in existing files, some are new files, and some are new directories. This is a several-hours-long process that is also error-prone because it's mostly done by hand. I guess I'm looking for config-file generation and management. I have built a small Perl script to do something similar for a much smaller case - it binds a CSV file into variables, and then does a copy-and-search-and-replace from a set of template config files. I could probably do the same here.

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  • How to enjoy DVD on Apple iPad

    - by user44251
    I believe many people spent a sleepless night yesterday waiting for the new Apple Tablet to come, just a few days ago or perhaps longer I noticed fierce debate about it, its name, size, capacity, processor, main features, price etc. And now, they can take a long breath with the new Apple Tablet named iPad officially released on 28, January, 2010 (Beijing Time). But I know a new battle just begins. iPad, sounds somewhat like iPod and it really shares some similarities in terms of shape like smart, light and portable. It has a 9.7-inch, LED-backlit, IPS display with a remarkable precise Multi-Touch screen. And yet, at just 1.5 lbs and 0.5 inches thin, it's easy to carry and use everywhere. It can greatly facilitates your experience with the web, emails, photos and videos. Right now, it can run almost 140.000 of the apps on the Apple store. It can even run the apps you have downloaded for your iPhone or iPod touch. But so far, I haven't seen any possibility that it can work with DVD, probability there is no built-in DVD-ROM or DVD player which can play DVD directly. As Apple iPad states, the video formats supported are MPEG-4 (MP4, M4V), H.264, MOV etc and audio formats accepted are AAC, Proteceted AAC, MP3, AIFF and WAV etc, those are formats that are commonly used with iMac. This could really a hard nut to crack if you want to watch your favourite DVD on this magic Apple iPad. But don't worry, there is still way out, you just need a few steps for ripping and importing DVD movies to Apple iPad with a simple application DVD to iPad converter What's on DVD to iPad Converter for Mac DVD to iPad converter for Mac is a powerful and professional application designed for the newly released Apple iPad which can rip, convert your DVD contents to Apple iPad compatible MPEG-4 (MP4, M4V), H.264, MOV etc, and other popular file formats like AVI, WMV, MPG, MKV, VOB, 3GP, FLV etc can also be converted so that you can put on your portable devices like iPod, iPhone, iRiver, BlackBerry etc. Besides, it can also extract audio from DVD videos and save as MP3, AIFF, AAC, WAV etc. Mac DVD to iPad converter has also been enhanced that can run both on PowerPC and Intel (Snow Leopard included). It can offer versatile editing features which allows you to make your own DVD videos. For example, you can cut your DVD to whatever length you like by Trim, crop off unwanted parts from DVD clips by Crop, add special effect like Gray, Emboss and Old film to make your videos more artistic. Besides, its built-in merging feature and batch mode allows you to join several DVD clips into a single one and do batch conversion. And more features can be expected if you afford a few minutes to try.

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  • Do these 3 crashes have something in common?

    - by David U
    I'm running OS X 10.6.8 on a Mac Mini. I tried to install 3 applications today and all 3 installations failed. I am wondering if the failures have something in common. First I installed GraphViz. The installation succeeded, but when I try to open any .dot file, I get a dialog that says GraphViz has quit unexpectedly. Next I installed Doxygen. It installed, but when I try to launch it I get a dialog that tells me Doxywizard quit unexpectedly. After some googling I thought perhaps my system lacked QT, and that was the problem. I downloaded the Qt 4.8.4 packages and installed them. But when I try to launch qtdemo.app, or any of the other apps that came with the qt installation, I get a dialog that says I can't open the app because it's not supported on this type of Mac. I have crash logs from GraphViz and Doxygen. They're long and I think it unnecessary to post them unless they would help someone determine my problem. Thanks Excerpt from System Log, added later: 12/13/12 5:26:21 PM [0x0-0x4f04f].com.apple.DiskImageMounter[1322] 2012-12-13 17:26:21.927 DiskImages UI Agent[1333:903] *** -[NSMachPort handlePortMessage:]: dropping incoming DO message because the connection or ports are invalid 12/13/12 5:30:31 PM [0x0-0x1a01a].org.mozilla.firefox[824] [ConvConfHandler] isPreferred contentType: application/x-apple-diskimage 12/13/12 5:35:32 PM DiskImages UI Agent[1384] *** -[NSMachPort handlePortMessage:]: dropping incoming DO message because the connection or ports are invalid 12/13/12 5:35:32 PM [0x0-0x5a05a].com.apple.DiskImageMounter[1376] 2012-12-13 17:35:32.988 DiskImages UI Agent[1384:903] *** -[NSMachPort handlePortMessage:]: dropping incoming DO message because the connection or ports are invalid 12/13/12 6:07:33 PM DisplayLinkUserAgent[772] (00116500.405)-[DLDistributedNotificationCenter stream:handleEvent:] reconnected. 12/13/12 6:07:33 PM [0x0-0x6c06c].backupd-helper[1446] Not starting Time Machine backup after wake - less than 60 minutes since last backup completed. 12/13/12 6:08:43 PM Installer[1403] PackageKit: *** Missing bundle identifier: /Library/Receipts/BrotherPPD.pkg 12/13/12 6:08:48 PM Installer[1403] PackageKit: *** Missing bundle identifier: /Library/Receipts/NeoOffice-2.2.3-Intel.pkg 12/13/12 6:08:48 PM Installer[1403] PackageKit: *** Missing bundle identifier: /Library/Receipts/NeoOffice-2.2.3-Patch-2-Intel.pkg 12/13/12 6:08:48 PM Installer[1403] PackageKit: *** Missing bundle identifier: /Library/Receipts/NeoOffice-2.2.5-Intel.pkg 12/13/12 6:08:48 PM Installer[1403] PackageKit: *** Missing bundle identifier: /Library/Receipts/NeoOffice.pkg 12/13/12 6:08:48 PM Installer[1403] PackageKit: *** Missing bundle identifier: /Library/Receipts/PIXMA iP6000D 290.pkg 12/13/12 6:14:39 PM com.apple.launchd.peruser.501[359] ([0x0-0x70070].com.att.graphviz[2047]) Job appears to have crashed: Bus error 12/13/12 6:14:41 PM ReportCrash[2056] Saved crash report for Graphviz[2047] version 2.28 (2.28.0) to /Users/duzzell/Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/Graphviz_2012-12-13-181441_Amun.crash 12/13/12 6:15:19 PM com.apple.launchd.peruser.501[359] ([0x0-0x74074].org.doxygen[2070]) Job appears to have crashed: Bus error 12/13/12 6:15:19 PM ReportCrash[2056] Saved crash report for Doxywizard[2070] version 1.8.2 (???) to /Users/duzzell/Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/Doxywizard_2012-12-13-181519_Amun.crash

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  • Gigabyte GA-Z77X-D3H MB problems

    - by Hans
    I installed a new system last week. I've some issues with it. The system consists of a: Gigabyte GA-Z77X-D3H with F9 BIOS (latest) Intel Core i5 3570K proccesor Sapphire Radeon HD7850 2x 8GB Corsair 1600MHz memory OCZ Vertex 2 120G SSD Connected peripherals : 2 Samsung 940BF (1 via DVI on GFX card, 1 via an Displayport to DVI adapter) 1 Dell U2312HM monitor (displayport) Dell USB Hub (monitor) Wired mouse, wireless keyboard (logitech) Logitch G25 wheel Canon MP800 printer Okay, my issues are the following: if I plug in 1 or more monitor at DisplayPort during boot, most of the time it won't boot properly. I get an empty message screen of UEFI: only the header GIGABYTE DUEL BIOS appears. The system reboots itself, turns on for a few seconds (no video) and then reboots again. Now it starts all over again. This repeats until I remove all displayport monitors. Windows boots, and I can use them when I replug them. The graphics card has been running fine for a few weeks on an older system (intel Q6600). Another issue is; if I plug in my G25 steering wheel, the UEFI BIOS is inaccessible. It either gives the same empty UEFI screen, or the BIOS screen is rendering but crashes half way (so pieces of text and graphics are missing, and it has crashed). If I remove the G25, all is fine. To verify the graphics card is OK and the motherboard is causing these issues, I tried an NVIDIA 8800GT graphics card. This hasn't got Displayport, but it also cannot boot the BIOS with the G25 wheel plugged in. The PC also refuses to go into or out of standby. It just hangs when going into standby, and in other occasions (when it does succesfully do so) get out of standby. Power supply is OCZ StealthXStream 600W. Proccesor is 25 - 30C idle, ~55C stressed (Scythe Mugen 2). I am really puzzled what can be done to resolve this. I am not really waiting for an RMA request (otherwise I will return the MB for another type), because it will likely mean I have to wait very long before I get a replacement. Anyone else with a similar experience on this board/chipset or can help me troubleshoot this?

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  • OpenVPN multiple servers on the same subnet, high availability

    - by andre
    Hey everyone. Let me start by saying that my Linux experience isn't super awesome but I can usually find my way around things easily. Over at work we have an OpenVPN setup that's been due for some improvement for a while now. The main server (tap mode) runs in our office, behind a rather slow DSL connection. The main problem is that, since I'm usually out of the office, every time I want to access something on the virtual network I have to go through that server to get anywhere else. We have two servers up on 100 Mbit connections that we use for development and production purposes, about 3 more servers in the office (one of them behind a different T1 line for VOIP) and about two dozen clients who use the network on a daily basis from various locations. We've had situations where network routing (outside of our control) would not allow people to reach our main OpenVPN server whilst the other locations were connectable. Also any time someone outside the office wants to fetch something from any of the servers (say, a 500 MB code repository), a whopping 20 KB/s download speed is just unacceptable these days (did I mention slow DSL? ok). We had to implement traffic shaping on this server since maxing out this connection was fairly trivial. I had the thought of running two (or more) OpenVPN servers in the network. These would have to have the same subnet though, as our application relies on virtual network's IP addresses for some of its core functionality. The clients would also preferably retain the same IP addresses but that's not vital. For simplicity, lets call the current server office and the second server I'm setting up, cloud. Call the server on the T1 phone. This proved to be rather complex because as soon as I connect to cloud, I cannot see office. Any routes to a server that would go through office also do not work while I'm connected to cloud (no ping, nothing) and vice-versa. There's no rules for iptables that would be blocking the traffic either. Recently I came across this article on linuxjournal but the solution they provide seems to only cover the use of two servers and somewhat outdated (can't even find much documentation, their wiki is offline). They also state that adding more servers would be a complex task. Ideally I would like to keep the existing server office running the virtual network and also run the OpenVPN daemon on the cloud and phone servers (100 Mbit and very reliable connection, respectively) so that we're on safe ground in case of a hardware failure, DSL failure, etc. So, in essence, I'm looking for a highly available OpenVPN solution (fix, patch, hack, tweak, whatever you want to call it) that will accept connections on multiple hosts (2 or more) whilst keeping the same IP address subnet regardless of the server to which you connect to. Thanks for reading and sorry for the long post, I hope it gets the point across :P

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  • Switch flooding when bonding interfaces in Linux

    - by John Philips
    +--------+ | Host A | +----+---+ | eth0 (AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA) | | +----+-----+ | Switch 1 | (layer2/3) +----+-----+ | +----+-----+ | Switch 2 | +----+-----+ | +----------+----------+ +-------------------------+ Switch 3 +-------------------------+ | +----+-----------+----+ | | | | | | | | | | eth0 (B0:B0:B0:B0:B0:B0) | | eth4 (B4:B4:B4:B4:B4:B4) | | +----+-----------+----+ | | | Host B | | | +----+-----------+----+ | | eth1 (B1:B1:B1:B1:B1:B1) | | eth5 (B5:B5:B5:B5:B5:B5) | | | | | | | | | +------------------------------+ +------------------------------+ Topology overview Host A has a single NIC. Host B has four NICs which are bonded using the balance-alb mode. Both hosts run RHEL 6.0, and both are on the same IPv4 subnet. Traffic analysis Host A is sending data to Host B using some SQL database application. Traffic from Host A to Host B: The source int/MAC is eth0/AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA, the destination int/MAC is eth5/B5:B5:B5:B5:B5:B5. Traffic from Host B to Host A: The source int/MAC is eth0/B0:B0:B0:B0:B0:B0, the destination int/MAC is eth0/AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA. Once the TCP connection has been established, Host B sends no further frames out eth5. The MAC address of eth5 expires from the bridge tables of both Switch 1 & Switch 2. Switch 1 continues to receive frames from Host A which are destined for B5:B5:B5:B5:B5:B5. Because Switch 1 and Switch 2 no longer have bridge table entries for B5:B5:B5:B5:B5:B5, they flood the frames out all ports on the same VLAN (except for the one it came in on, of course). Reproduce If you ping Host B from a workstation which is connected to either Switch 1 or 2, B5:B5:B5:B5:B5:B5 re-enters the bridge tables and the flooding stops. After five minutes (the default bridge table timeout), flooding resumes. Question It is clear that on Host B, frames arrive on eth5 and exit out eth0. This seems ok as that's what the Linux bonding algorithm is designed to do - balance incoming and outgoing traffic. But since the switch stops receiving frames with the source MAC of eth5, it gets timed out of the bridge table, resulting in flooding. Is this normal? Why aren't any more frames originating from eth5? Is it because there is simply no other traffic going on (the only connection is a single large data transfer from Host A)? I've researched this for a long time and haven't found an answer. Documentation states that no switch changes are necessary when using mode 6 of the Linux interface bonding (balance-alb). Is this behavior occurring because Host B doesn't send any further packets out of eth5, whereas in normal circumstances it's expected that it would? One solution is to setup a cron job which pings Host B to keep the bridge table entries from timing out, but that seems like a dirty hack.

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  • How to configure ASP.NET MVC 3 on IIS 6 (Windows 2003 R2)

    - by Nedcode
    I am getting 403 Directory Listing Denied for the root and 404 for an action that I know should exist. Background: I have build and deployed an ASP.NET MVC 2 applcation a long time ago. Later I upgraded it to MVC 3 and it is still working with not configuration changes. Setting it up on a windows 2003 R2 (Standard) initialy was a pain, but after a couple of days(yes, days) struggling it started working. Now I have to do the same with the same application on a different server (2003 R2 Standard again) on a different network. .Net 4 is installed and allowed ASP.NET MVC 3 is also installed By default IIS is set to use .net 4 I verify aspnet_isapi.dll used in application extension are from version 4.0.30319 .NET asemblies folder. I also added the wildcard mapping to aspnet_isapi.dll and unchecked verify file exists. Under Directory Security in Authentication Methods I have disabled anonymos access and enabled Integrated Windows authentication(same as the one on the server that it works) I have copied the same web.config with the <authentication mode="Windows" /> <authorization> <deny users="?" /> </authorization> I have set Read & Execute, List Folder Contents, and Read for the Networkservice account(under which the app pool is working). Also I have set the same for Network account, IIS_WPG, ASPNET and IUSR_MAchineName. I do not have an EnableExte??nsionlessUrls but even if I create it and set it to true or false it does not help. I also tried http://haacked.com/archive/2010/12/22/asp-net-mvc-3-extensionless-urls-on-iis-6.aspx and it did not help. But I kept getting 403 Directory Listing Denied for the root and 404 for an action that I know should exist. Web Platform installer was then used to re-install and possibly update .net, asp.net etc. I then noticed IIS was reset to default. So I added the wildcard mapping again. No, luck still 403. I exported configuration files from the working server setup and created new default app pool and new default website using those configurations. Still I get 403 Directory Listing Denied for the / and 404 for any action I try.

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  • System failure - need diagnostic recommendation

    - by Ladislav Mrnka
    I have big problem with my computer. Configuration is: Intel i7 + 6x2GB OCZ DDR3 Motheboard: Asus P6T Deluxe V2, HDD controller configured to AHCI Main drive: OCZ Vertex 2 (SSD) - contains all installed programs and system Second drive: Samsung SpinPoint - contains User profiles, ProgramData, virtual machines and databases Third drive: Samsung SpinPoint - data drive + backups OS: Windows 7 Ultimate x64 I have never had any problem with this computer until now. During weekend my computer completely crashed without any reason. Each time I tried to boot to Windows I got BSOD with message BAD_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INFO and automatic restart (I didn't install any new SW or HW). But after restart main OCZ drive was disconnected (not detected by BIOS). When I turned off and on computer, the drive was again connected. It also happend every single time I tried to repair installation somehow. It ended with some error and after restart drive was disconnected. The only thing which worked was format + fresh install. After installing almost everything I wanted to install Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate (complete installation without SQL Server Express). During installation of VS itself I always get BSOD - it is too fast so I'm not able to read description. After restart it searches for all disk drives for really long time and sometimes it changes boot drive so the system is not able to start - Bootmgr not found. After reconfiguring BIOS the system starts. There is no event describing the failure in Event viewer. Installing VS 2010 is absolutely necessary for me. I need help with diagnostic. I need to find where is the problem - I expect that the problem is in OCZ drive or in HDD controller on motherboard but I don't know how to find it. All components still have valid warranty. Can you recommend me some approach or tools to find the problem? Edit: I'm still looking for source of the problem. New information is that Windows are not able to perform check disk (Chkdsk) on the SSD system drive. After restarting it always starts checking drive and in part where files are checked it fails with BSOD - BAD_SYSTEM_CONFIG_INFO. After next restart and skipping check disk tests the system runs.

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  • How can I reverse mouse movement (X & Y axis) system-wide? (Win 7 x64)

    - by Scivitri
    Short Version I'm looking for a way to reverse the X and Y mouse axis movements. The computer is running Windows 7, x64 and Logitech SetPoint 6.32. I would like a system-level, permanent fix; such as a mouse driver modification or a registry tweak. Does anyone know of a solid way of implementing this, or how to find the registry values to change this? I'll settle quite happily for how to enable the orientation feature in SetPoint 6.32 for mice as well as trackballs. Long Version People seem never to understand why I would want this, and I commonly hear "just use the mouse right-side up!" advice. Dyslexia is not something which can be cured by "just reading things right." While I appreciate the attempts to help, I'm hoping some background may help people understand. I have a user with an unusual form of dyslexia, for whom mouse movements are backward. If she wants to move her cursor left, she will move the mouse right. If she wants the cursor to move up, she'll move the mouse down. She used to hold her mouse upside-down, which makes sophisticated clicking difficult, is terrible for ergonomics, and makes multi-button mice completely useless. In olden times, mouse drivers included an orientation feature (typically a hot-air balloon you dragged upward to set the mouse movement orientation) which could be used to set the relationship between mouse movement and cursor movement. Several years ago, mouse drivers were "improved" and this feature has since been limited to trackballs. After losing the orientation feature she went back to upside-down mousing for a bit, until finding UberOptions, a tweak for Logitech SetPoint, which would enable all features for all pointing devices. This included the orientation feature. And there was much rejoicing. Now her mouse has died, and current Logitech mice require a newer version of SetPoint for which UberOptions has not been updated. We've also seen MAF-Mouse (the developer indicated the version for 64-bit Windows does not support USB mice, yet) and Sakasa (while it works, commentary on the web indicate it tends to break randomly and often. It's also just a running program, so not system-wide.). I have seen some very sophisticated registry hacks. For example, I used to use a hack which would change the codes created by the F1-F12 keys when the F-Lock key was invented and defaulted to screwing my keyboard up. I'm hoping there's a way to flip X and Y in the registry; or some other, similar, system-level tweak out there. Another solution could be re-enabling the orientation feature for mice, as well as trackballs. It's very frustrating that input device drivers include the functionality we desperately need for an accessibilty concern, but it's been disabled in the name of making the drivers more idiot-proof.

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  • Failed to start up after upgrading software in ubuntu 10.10

    - by Landy
    I've been running Ubuntu 10.10 in a physical x86-64 machine. Today Update Manager reminded me that there are some updates to install and I confirmed the action. I should had read the update list but I didn't. I can only remember there is an update about cups. After the upgrading, Update Manager requires a restart and I confirmed too. But after the restart, the computer can't start up. There are errors in the console. Begin: Running /scripts/init-premount ... done. Begin: Mounting root file system ... Begin: Running /scripts/local-top ... done. [xxx]usb 1-8: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3 [xxx]usb 2-1: new full speed USB device using ohci_hcd and address 2 [xxx]hub 2-1:1.0: USB hub found [xxx]hub 2-1:1.0: 4 ports detected [xxx]usb 2-1.1: new low speed USB device using ohci_hcd and address 3 Gave up waiting for root device. Common probles: - Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline) - Check rootdelay=(did the system wait long enough) - Check root= (did the system wait for the right device?) - Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev) FATAL: Could not load /lib/modules/2.6.35-22-generic/modules.dep: No such file or directory FATAL: Could not load /lib/modules/2.6.35-22-generic/modules.dep: No such file or directory ALERT! /dev/sda1 does not exist. Dropping to a shell! BusyBox v1.15.3 (Ubuntu 1:1.15.3-1ubuntu5) built-in shell(ash) Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands. (initramfs)[cursor is here] At the moment, I can't input anything in the console. The keyboard doesn't work at all. What's wrong? How can I check boot args or "root=" as suggested? How can I fix this issue? Thanks. =============== PS1: the /dev/sda1 is type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev) PS2: the /dev/sda1 can be mounted and accessed successfully under SUSE 11 SP1 x64.

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  • How should I use my new SSD drive?

    - by jasondavis
    I just built a new PC the other day. Specs... Processor: Intel i7-930 quad core CPU CPU Cooler: COOLER MASTER Hyper 212 Motherboard: AsRock X58 Extreme 3 RAM/Memory: 6gb G-Skill tripple channel DDR3 memory (3 sticks of 2gb planning to get another kit to make it 12gb total soon) Operating System Hard drive: Intel X25-M 80GB Mainstream SATA2 Solid State Drive Video Cards: 2 XFX ATI Redeon HD 4650 cards to run 3-4 monitors Case: Lian Li PC-B10 Midtower case Power Supply: Antec TruePower New TP-750 Blue 750W Operating System Windows 7 Pro 64bit Not sure if the specs are helpful at all but I posted them just in case. So I got everything put together and running great so far but I need some advice/ideas/help/tips. I got the SSD drive in hopes of using it strictly for my windows 7 install along with all my other programs I install. I am then going to get another drive or 2 just for data (video,music,photos, etc). So my plan is to just install the new data drives and then in windows 7 I will change my "My documents" "My Music" "My Video" "MY Photos" library's to be located on the data drives instead of the OS SSD drive. I would ultimately like to install all my programs with my windows install on the SSD drive and then create an IMAGE of the drive and then 6 months down the road if things are sluggish I can just wipe the drive and restore my IMAGE with all my programs and settings in tact still. So here are some questions now. 1) How can I verify that TRIM is working on my new SSD? 2) Is there anything above that I missed that I should be doing? I think I once read that there is a page file or some sort of file that windows changes a lot and that it should be moved off f an SSD an onto my data drives. DOes anyone know what I might of heard? If you do can you explain the pros and cons of doing such a thing as well as how to possibly? 3) Any tips or advice to get the best performance from all this, I built a pretty nice system and I just want to make it stay that way as long as I can.

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  • Is this distributed database server idea feasible?

    - by David
    I often use SQLite for creating simple programs in companies. The database is placed on a file server. This works fine as long as there are not more than about 50 users working towards the database concurrently (though depending on whether it is reads or writes). Once there are more than this, they will notice a slowdown if there are a lot of concurrent writing on the server as lots of time is spent on locks, and there is nothing like a cache as there is no database server. The advantage of not needing a database server is that the time to set up something like a company Wiki or similar can be reduced from several months to just days. It often takes several months because some IT-department needs to order the server and it needs to conform with the company policies and security rules and it needs to be placed on the outsourced server hosting facility, which screws up and places it in the wrong localtion etc. etc. Therefore, I thought of an idea to create a distributed database server. The process would be as follows: A user on a company computer edits something on a Wiki page (which uses this database as its backend), to do this he reads a file on the local harddisk stating the ip-address of the last desktop computer to be a database server. He then tries to contact this computer directly via TCP/IP. If it does not answer, then he will read a file on the file server stating the ip-address of the last desktop computer to be a database server. If this server does not answer either, his own desktop computer will become the database server and register its ip-address in the same file. The SQL update statement can then be executed, and other desktop computers can connect to his directly. The point with this architecture is that, the higher load, the better it will function, as each desktop computer will always know the ip-address of the database server. Also, using this setup, I believe that a database placed on a fileserver could serve hundreds of desktop computers instead of the current 50 or so. I also do not believe that the load on the single desktop computer, which has become database server will ever be noticable, as there will be no hard disk operations on this desktop, only on the file server. Is this idea feasible? Does it already exist? What kind of database could support such an architecture?

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  • How do I (robustly) remotely execute tasks on Windows workstations in a domain?

    - by Zac B
    I'm not even sure if "robustly" is a word. Anyway. Context: We have a few hundred Windows 7 workstations on a LAN. We use AD/GPO management pretty heavily, but there are a lot of periodic and/or manual maintenance tasks we need to do that can't be done via GPO/scheduled task. For example, say I want to execute program X (which runs silently, in the background, and doesn't bother the user) on workstation Y, or say I want to execute task A on a workstation group B either on a schedule or on demand. Kicking the users off of their computers to do this (i.e. using RDP) is a no-no, and doesn't work on groups anyway. Question: What's the best way to do this that is robust enough that, after setup, I could give it to beginner support people (read: people who are phobic of the command line, and get confused with GUI interfaces more complicated than Firefox)? I'm a competent programmer, and, if there is a robust set of tools or framework out there for this type of task, I'd consider hacking something together myself if it didn't take too long. If there's some combination of tools or techniques that others use to make remote-workstation-administration doable by beginners, I have yet to find it. For those who care about the "why": I'm midlevel IT, and was told to implement a remote management solution that allows arbitrary/scheduled remote execution, with confirmation that programs actually ran remotely, and the ability to view what they returned. "Why?" I asked, "Can't I just use PsExec and the task scheduler on a dispatcher machine?" "No," I was told, "'Joe' the second-week tech is going to be in charge of this one, and he needs something simple with a GUI." What I've tried: I've played with making a bunch of one-clickable "transfer files to remote computer and run them with PsExec" batch/VB scrips, but those tend to break down and don't easily support running on customizable groups. I've played a little bit with the Windows version of Puppet, but it doesn't support arbitrary-time remote execution (it's ability to group computers into a tree/node structure is really nice though). I've used an older version of Altiris, and, while it does a lot of what I want, it's interface is awful, it's slow, crashes a lot, and is probably too expensive for management. SwiftWater's DMS solution does some of what I want, but it's very underdeveloped, closed-source (not a deal breaker but not ideal), and I get the impression that support and reliability are lacking.

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  • How to Remove Extensions From, and Force the Trailing Slash at the End of URLs?

    - by Kronbernkzion
    Example of current file structure: example.com/foo.php example.com/bar.html example.com/directory/ example.com/directory/foo.php example.com/directory/bar.html example.com/cgi-bin/directory/foo.cgi I want to remove HTML, PHP and CGI extensions from, and then force the trailing slash at the end of URLs. So, it could look like this: example.com/foo/ example.com/bar/ example.com/directory/ example.com/directory/foo/ example.com/directory/bar/ example.com/cgi-bin/directory/foo/ I've searched for solution for 17 hours straight and visited more than a few hundred pages on various blogs and forums. I'm not joking. So I think I've done my research. Here is the code that sits in my .htaccess file right now: RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.html -f RewriteRule ^(([^/]+/)*[^./]+)/$ $1.html RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !(\.[a-zA-Z0-9]|/)$ RewriteRule (.*)$ /$1/ [R=301,L] As you can see, this code only removes .html (and I'm not very happy with it because I think it could be done a lot simpler). I can remove the extension from PHP files when I rename them to .html through .htaccess, but that's not what I want. I want to remove it straight. This is the first thing I don't know how to do. The second thing is actually very annoying. My .htaccess file with code above, adds .html/ to every string entered after example.com/directory/foo/. So if I enter example.com/directory/foo/bar (obviously /bar doesn't exist since foo is a file), instead of just displaying message that page is not found, it converts it to example.com/directory/foo/bar.html/, then searches for a file for a few seconds and then displays the not found message. This, of course, is bad behavior. So, once again, I need the code in .htaccess to do the following things: Remove .html extension Remove .php extension Remove .cgi extension Force the trailing slash at the end of URLs Requests should behave correctly (no adding trailing slashes or extensions to strings if file or directory doesn't exist on server) Code should be as simple as possible I would very much appreciate any help. And to first person that gives me the solution, I'll send two $50 iTunes Store gift cards for US store. If this offend anyone, I am truly sorry and I apologize. Thanks in advance. And sorry for such a long post.

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  • Ubuntu hardware wireless switch has no effect after suspend and 13.10 upgrade

    - by blaineh
    I'm posting this on SU after it stalled on askubuntu. I hope someone here can help! If you'd prefer to answer on AU itself, here's the link: http://askubuntu.com/questions/365177/hardware-wireless-switch-has-no-effect-after-suspend-and-13-10-upgrade Wireless works fine after a reboot, but after a suspend the hardware switch (for my laptop this is f12) has no effect on the wireless, it is just permanently off, and shows that it is with a red LED. My rfkill list all reads: 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes 1: hp-wifi: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes Any combination with rfkill <un>block wifi doesn't work, although one time first blocking then unblocking actually turned it on again. sudo lshw -C network reads: *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) vendor: Qualcomm Atheros physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 01 serial: 78:e4:00:65:2e:3f width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.11.0-12-generic firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:17 memory:90100000-9010ffff *-network DISABLED description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 02 serial: c8:0a:a9:89:b4:30 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:42 ioport:2000(size=256) memory:90010000-90010fff memory:90000000-9000ffff memory:90020000-9002ffff Also, adding a /etc/pm/sleep.d/brcm.sh file as recommended here simply prevents the laptop from suspending at all, which of course is no good. This question has an answer urging to install the original driver, but it wasn't an "accepted answer" so I'd rather not take a chance on it. Also I'll admit I'm a bit lost on that and would like help doing so with the specific information I've given. I would be happy to provide more information, so long as you're willing to help me find it for you! This is a very annoying bug. I have a Compaq Presario CQ62. Edit. Output of lspci | grep Network: 02:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01) Edit. This morning, I had had the laptop suspended all night, and then when I tried to awake it, it simply wouldn't. It would try, and then it would sleep again (I guess it felt a little bit like me! </badjoke>). Is it possible these problems are related? Edit. I don't have enough reputation on SU proper to post links to pastebins and other questions I've tried, so I'm putting them in comments, and of course they're available in the original question.

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  • Unable to boot from LiveCD/USB and even Super Grub Disk!

    - by Reuben L.
    Hi all, I'm in a fix. Basically this morning, I decided to format my Win7 as it was getting really slow and I did so with no problems. I also have a Linux Mint OS on dual boot. Since I was springcleaning my windows partition, I decided it was a good idea to do the same to my linux partition. I downloaded the latest version of Linux Mint (Julia) and burned the LiveCD. Now here is where the problem lies, when I restarted Windows and chose to boot from the LiveCD, it didn't work. No joke. There was just a little underscore blinking for a long time before it went back to GRUB which prompted me to select an OS to boot. However, when I went into my old Linux Mint OS and restarted the machine, the LiveCD worked... to a certain extent. It would load and look as though it was ready to install Linux Mint 10 but the moment it got to the option screen, the whole screen turned into a checkered and jumbled mess. At this point I thought it was the LiveCD or the .iso file. I had an Ubuntu LiveUSB for recovery purposes and I tried that. The exact same thing happened. Can't boot the LiveUSB if I restarted from Windows, but works when I reboot from Linux. BUT still the same checkered screen that doesnt respond. Did a bit of googling and reckoned it might be something wrong with my GRUB. Did some updating and didnt make a difference. Then I tried the Super Grub Disk and STUPIDLY uninstalled GRUB. (Note that booting to SGD had the exact same problem - can't be done if I rebooted from Windows). Now I can't access my Linux Mint 9 cos the the bootup screen (mbr) only has Windows 7 as an option. Remember me mentioning that I can't boot from any CD/USB/recovery CD when I reboot from Windows? And now that I can't access Linux, there's no way for me to do any form of recovery! I've tried using the command prompt utility at startup recovery but to no avail. Anyone can help me with this?

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  • how do i install intermediate certificate

    - by getmizanur
    I have installed private key (pem encoded) and public key certificate (pem encoded) on amazon load balancer however when i check the ssl with site test tool (http://www.networking4all.com/en/support/tools/site+check/), i get the following error Error while checking the SSL Certificate!! Unable to get the local issuer of the certificate. The issuer of a locally looked up certificate could not be found. Normally this indicates that not all intermediate certificates are installed on the server. i converted crt file to pem using these command from this tutorial openssl x509 -in input.crt -out input.der -outform DER openssl x509 -in input.der -inform DER -out output.pem -outform PEM during setting up of amazon load balancer only option i left out was certificate chain (pem encoded) however this was optional. could this be cause of my issue? and if so i how do i create certificate chain? for the last question i have tried googling however i'm getting more confused than before. please help many thanks in advance. UPDATE @all thanks for the helpful advice. if you make request to verisign they will give you a certificate chain however this chain includes public crt, intermediate crt and root crt. make sure to remove the public crt from your certificate chain (which is the top most certificate) before adding it to your certification chain box of your amazon load balancer. if you are making https request from an android app then above instruction may not work for older android os such as 2.1 and 2.2. to make it work on older android os [https://knowledge.verisign.com/support/ssl-certificates-support/index?page=content&id=AR657&actp=LIST&viewlocale=en_US]. on this link click on "retail ssl" tab and then click on "secure site" "CA Bundle for Apache Server". copy and past these intermediate certs into certificate chain box. just incase if you have not found it here is the direct link [https://knowledge.verisign.com/support/ssl-certificates-support/index?page=content&id=AR1409] if you are using geo trust certificates then solution is much the same for android devices however you need to copy and past their intermediate certs for android. PS: sorry for the long urls however "new users can only post a maximum of two hyperlinks"

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  • Graphics card artifacting

    - by White Phoenix
    This is my current build: EVGA X58 (first generation) motherboard Intel i7 965 @ stock clocks 3x 2GB DDR3-1600 Corsair RAM at stock timings and voltages Corsair AX750 80 Plus Gold PSU 1 Optical Drive 1 Seagate 7200.10 500 GB drive 2x Western Digital Caviar Black 1 TB drives OCZ Vertex 1 60 GB EVGA GTX 460 Antec 1200 case HT-Omega Striker 7.1 Sound Card Windows 7 32-bit Professional (PAE Enabled) My graphics card started artifacting while I was playing a game. It artifacted, the display blinked, then I got an NVIDIA driver has crashed and recovered message. Kept going, more artifacts, another crash, but this time my display blanked out and I couldn't do anything. Restarted my computer - artifacting is in the BIOS - got to Windows 7 but it BSOD'd before I could even log in. I restarted the computer again - artifacts cleared themselves out and I managed to get to Win7, but it soon started blinking in and out and artifacting again. Checked the card temps and they're well within range. (50 idle, 70 full load) The ambient temperature here is about 80-85F with high humidity. Tried Safe Mode and it still froze up/BSOD'd. Already tried the following to fix this problem: - Reseat the graphics card and swapped in a different slot. - Removed cover on card and sprayed with compressed air to clean it out. - Swapped around memory and/or went with only using one stick at a time. - Underclocked card I called EVGA Tech Support and they said that the voltage on the 12V rail of my Corsair AX750 PSU was on the high end of the "acceptable" range (12.4V, highest within acceptable range is 12.6V - optimal is obviously 12V). They gave me an RMA number anyway, but I want to get a second opinion from you all before I send this thing off, as shipping from where I live to EVGA is kind of pricey. This PSU is only 6 months old. So that I don't have to play RMA tag, which case would be most likely? I'm strapped for cash at the moment so I want to reduce the amount of RMAs I have to do since shipping is expensive here. Is there any surefire way to test to see if it's really the graphics card or the PSU? I tried unplugging any devices that were connected to the 12V rail (except for my SSD and graphics card) as I do have 3 mechanical hard drives, but the voltage for that rail didn't drop (it remained at 12.4V). I'm fairly sure it isn't the drivers since I'm getting the artifacting at the BIOS too. Right now I'm back in Windows 7 but I don't know for how long until it messes up again. Any ideas?

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  • Why did Intel drop the Itanium?

    - by Cole Johnson
    I was reading up on the history of the computer and I came along the IA-64 (Itanium) processors. They sounded really interesting and I was confused as to why Intel would decide to drop them. The ability to choose explicitly what 2 instructions you wanted to run in that cycle is a great idea, especially when writing your program in assembly, for example, a faster bootloader. The hundreds of registers should be convincing for any assembly programmer. You could essentially store all the functions variables in the registers if it doesn't call any other ones. The ability to do instructions like this: (qp) xor r1 = r2, r3 ; r1 = r2 XOR r3 (qp) xor r1 = (imm8), r3 ; r1 = (imm8) XOR r3 versus having to do: ; eax = r1 ; ebx = r2 ; ecx = r3 mov eax, ebx ; first put r2 into r1 xor eax, ecx ; then set r1 equivalent to r2 XOR r3 or ; SAME mov eax, (imm32) ; first put (imm32) into r1 xor eax, ecx ; then set r1 equivalent to (imm32) XOR r3 I heard it was because of no backwards x86 comparability, but couldn't thy be fixed by just adding the Pentium circuitry to it and just add a processor flag that would switch it to Itanium mode (like switching to Protected or Long mode) All the great things about it would have surly put them a giant leap ahead of AMD. Any ideas? Sadly this means you will need a very advanced compiler to do this. Or even one per specific model of the CPU. (E.g. a newer version of the Itanium with an extra feature would require different compiler). When I was working on a WinForms (target only had .NET 2.0) project in Visual Studio 2010, I had a compile target of IA-64. That means that there is a .NET runtime that was able to be compiled for IA-64 and a .NET runtime means Windows. Plus, Hamilton's answer mentions Windows NT. Having a full blown OS like Windows NT means that there is a compiler capable of generating IA-64 machine code.

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