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• What partition to use to keep data files in Ubuntu?

  - by Martin Lee

  I have been using Ubuntu for a few years and usually my partition set up was the following: Ext3 or Ext4 partition for the system itself (20 GB); A 10 GB swap partition; a big FAT32 partition to store movies, photos, work stuff, etc. (depends on the capacity of the disk, but usually it is what is left from Ext3+Swap, currently it is more than 200 GB). Does this setup sound right? I am considering to switching to one big Ext3 partition now, because the problem with Fat32 in Ubuntu has not gone anywhere: for example, right now I can access my 'big' partition with a 'Data' label only through /media/_themes?END. Pretty strange name for a partition, isn't it? some Linux software fail to read/write on this partition. For example, if I want to play around with rebar and build/make/compile things on this FAT32 partition, it will always complain about permissions and won't work (the same goes for many other kinds of software); it is not stable, I can not refer to some files on this FAT32 partition, because after the next reboot it will be called not '_themes?END', but something else. On the other side I usually begin to run out of space on the Ext3 partition after a few months of usage. So, the question is - what is the best setup of partitions for an Ubuntu system? Should a FAT32 partition be used at all?

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• Use Your Android Phone to Comparison Shop: 4 Scanner Apps Reviewed

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  A smart phone in your pocket is great for on the go news, web browsing, and—of course—mobile gaming. It’s also fantastic for comparison shopping. Today we take a look at four Android scanners and price comparison engines. It’s quite a neat time to be a consumer. Historically if you wanted to do serious price comparisons you had to haul yourself around town, gather flyers from the newspapers, and otherwise invest way too much energy into potential savings that might not even break into double digits. Now you can comparison shop with an ease that borders on magic: by simply pulling out your smart phone and scanning the barcode or typing in the name of the item you wish to compare. Today we’re taking a look at some of the more popular and powerful barcode scanners and price comparison engines available for the Android platform. Before we get to that, a word on our methodology. To test the barcode scanners and the resulting search results we wandered around and rounded up some relatively random items from around the How-To Geek offices. This included a children’s graphic novel, a Wii game, a board game, a pack of razors, a box of tea, and a bottle of nail polish. It’s a decent spread of consumer items that covers several genres. For each application we scanned all the items, looked for the best price at the time, and noted any other relevant benefits of using one scanner over another. It’s worth noting that our primary focus was on the speed and ease of use. You may find that certain scanners have specific features that best suit your needs. What we focused on was how fast you could scan, compare prices, and purchase items if you desired. Since all the scanners are free-as-in-beer, feel free to download them all and run your own tests to confirm our conclusions. Use Your Android Phone to Comparison Shop: 4 Scanner Apps Reviewed How to Run Android Apps on Your Desktop the Easy Way HTG Explains: Do You Really Need to Defrag Your PC?

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• Can't access external hard drives or thumb drives

  - by calden

  I am not a complete linux noob but I don't know a lot either and would greatly appreciate some help with this. I just installed Ubuntu 10.10 onto my laptop. Everything is working great however USB devices such as thumb drives and external hard drives wont show up. I have been looking around a bit and when I run sudo fdisk -l it displays this: Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00065684 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 29255 234983424 83 Linux /dev/sda2 29255 30402 9212929 5 Extended /dev/sda5 29255 30402 9212928 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 16.0 GB, 16026435072 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 15283 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000df90d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 15283 15649776 7 HPFS/NTFS It does seem to display my 16 gig thumb drive but other then seeing it here I cant access it to read and write files to it. It does the same with my external hard drive. I know those devices work as I have tried them on my other computer and they are working fine. Also this is what is in fstab if this will help anybody help me: proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 /dev/sdb1 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 /dev/sdb5 none swap sw 0 0 Thank you very much for the help everyone.

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• Analyzing Memory Usage: Java vs C++ Negligible?

  - by Anthony

  How does the memory usage of an integer object written in Java compare\contrast with the memory usage of a integer object written in C++? Is the difference negligible? No difference? A big difference? I'm guessing it's the same because an int is an int regardless of the language (?) The reason why I asked this is because I was reading about the importance of knowing when a program's memory requirements will prevent the programmer from solving a given problem. What fascinated me is the amount of memory required for creating a single Java object. Take for example, an integer object. Correct me if I'm wrong but a Java integer object requires 24 bytes of memory: 4 bytes for its int instance variable 16 bytes of overhead (reference to the object's class, garbage collection info & synchronization info) 4 bytes of padding As another example, a Java array (which is implemented as an object) requires 48+bytes: 24 bytes of header info 16 bytes of object overhead 4 bytes for length 4 bytes for padding plus the memory needed to store the values How do these memory usages compare with the same code written in C++? I used to be oblivious about the memory usage of the C++ and Java programs I wrote, but now that I'm beginning to learn about algorithms, I'm having a greater appreciation for the computer's resources.

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• Is it possible to extend partition in which I have installed Ubuntu

  - by Santosh

  Before installing my current Ubuntu Oneiric Ocelot I was having 3 partitions on my hard drive (each in NTFS, and divided in 21GBs, 10GBs and 37GBs; approx 80GB). I put in the DVD in DVD-ROM and booted up with it. I was prompt whether to install Ubuntu side by current operating system (Windows 7) or totally remove all operating system. I choose to install side by the current operating system. In next screen I took one of my partition (the one which was of 37GB) and totally formatted it. Then created a ext4 file system of 10GBs on it (here 'it' means partition that was of 37GB, not whole HDD). While proceeding I was asked to make swap partition so I created another swap partition of 5GBs. I have Ubuntu installed, but now I am regretting about that 10GB, I should have done it more since I have much more space on my hard drive. And I have 22GBs of my hard drive useless (neither it is in ntfs nor ext4). I want to increase the size of ext4 partition in which I have installed my Ubuntu; from 10GB to something more.

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• Ubuntu 12.04 installation on GPT + RAID going into grub rescue

  - by Proy

  I have two 2TB disks. I am installing Ubuntu 12.04 using the alternate version of the server cd. On the partitioning page I have done my partitioning as follows /dev/sda1 - 32 MB - bios_grub /dev/sda2 - 50 GB -raid device /dev/sda3 - 8 GB -raid device /dev/sda4 - Balance full GB - raid device /dev/sdb1 - 32 MB - bios_grub /dev/sdb2 - 50 GB -raid device /dev/sdb3 - 8 GB -raid device /dev/sdb4 - Balance full GB - raid device After this I have setup raid devices /dev/md0 for /(/dev/sda2 + /dev/sdb2) for / ext4 /dev/md1 for swap( /dev/sda3 + /dev/sdb3)for swap /dev/md2 for /home(/dev/sda4 + /dev/sdb4)for /home ext4 The installation finishes it shows that it is installing grub to /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. But once the system reboots it falls into grub rescue mode. on doing ls I can not see the md devices only hd once. I also tried booting into rescue mode with the install cd and doing grub-install /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. What am I doing wrong ? Why is grub2 not detecting the raid revices ? UPDATE: I just did the same steps with Ubuntu 10.04 and it worked perfectly fine. I wiped out the RAID and partitions and everything and did it from scratch. I think the issue is with Ubuntu 12.04 and the way it partitions 2 TB disks

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• How to show or direct a business analyst to do data modelling?

  - by AaronLS

  Our business analysts pushed hard to collect data through a spreadsheet. I am the programmer responsible for importing that data. Usually when they push hard for something like this, I never know how well it will work out until a few weeks later when I have time assigned to work on the task of programming the import of the data. I have tried to do as much as possible along the way, named ranges, data validations, etc. But I usually don't have time to take a detailed look at all the data and compare to the destination in the database to determine how well it matches up. A lot of times there will be maybe a little table of items that somehow I have to relate to something else in the database, but there are not natural or business keys present that would allow me to do so. Make the best of this, trying to write something that can compare strings and make a best guess at it and then go through the effort of creating interfaces for a user to match the imported data to the destination. I feel like if the business analyst was actually creating a data model, they would be forced to think about these relationships, and have an appreciation for the need of natural or business keys to be part of the spreadsheet for the purposes of smoothly importing the data. The closest they come to business analysis is a big flat list of fields, and that would be fine if it were like any other data dictionary and include data types+relationships, but it isn't. They are just a bunch of names. No indication of what type of data they might hold, and it is up to me to guess. When I have pushed for more detail, they say that it is just busy work. How can I explain the importance of data modelling? How can I tell them what it is and how to do it? It feels impossible, because they don't have an appreciation for its importance. They do however, usually have an interest in helping out in whatever way they can, it's just this in particular has never gotten a motivated response.

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• How to retain secondary hard drive mounts at reboot and keep shares?

  - by Tom

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.04. A second hard drive connected to this computer does not mount when the computer boots. Additionally, I have set up the drive to be shared but the share is not retained, the share is lost after each boot. My main system drive and a removable drive mount OK and shares remain between boots. Additional information follows: D2Linux sda1 is the secondary hard drive L-Freeagent sdc1 is the removeable drive Here is the contents of fstab immediately after booting (D2Linux /dev/sda1 not yet mounted): '# /etc/fstab: static file system information. ' '# ' '# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a ' '# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices ' '# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). ' '# ' '# ' proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 '# / was on /dev/sdb1 during installation ' UUID=43d29a82-66b3-40f3-91ed-735a27a60004 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 '# swap was on /dev/sdb5 during installation UUID=cf8e3351-11d0-487a-8a6e-e499c2e88a10 none swap sw ' 0 0 Here is the output of mount with all drives mounted (I did not restore the share): /dev/sdb1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/tom/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=tom) /dev/sdc1 on /media/L-Freeagent type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks) /dev/sda1 on /media/D2Linux type ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks) Thank you!

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• How can I make an unmounted / unmountable NTFS disk not show up in the nautilus devices area?

  - by Dennis

  I have an idea that my /etc/fstab is a real mish-mash and I don't remember how it got that way, first of all it looks like this UUID=9EB80807B807DD21 /media/Storage ntfs-3g users 0 0 UUID=a60397fd-964a-45b1-ad35-53c8a4bee010 / ext4 defaults 0 1 UUID=1764825d-b8ba-4620-b3b0-e979b6f4f5c4 swap swap sw 0 0 UUID=255DA1E406E29DBC /media/sda2 ntfs-3g defaults 0 0 UUID=2CCCF161CCF1262C /mnt/sda1 ntfs-3g umask=000 0 0 /dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 vfat noauto 0 0 I started with an old XP install on disk /dev/sda that I don't use anymore but didn't want to delete, so I shrunk the XP partition, added a NTFS partition that would be common to both systems (Labeled it "Common" in XP), then installed Lucid on an extended ext4 partition. On this disk of course the ext4 system partition comes up as /, the go between partition auto-mounts on /media/sda1 but shows up in Nautilus as COMMOM, while the XP system disk does not show up in Nautilus, but I can get to it by navigating to /mnt/sda1. A second hard drive (/dev/sdb) that I stuck in was already formatted NTFS with a bunch of stuff and labeled "Storage". It auto-mounts to /media/Storage but another un-mounted disk also shows up in the Nautilus device area called Storage but it can't be mounted (Here and in the "Places" are the only times it appears) I would primarily like this non-existant (or already mounted depending on how you look at it) disk to not show up, but I wouldn't mind an explanation of why one labeled partition auto-mounts to a /media mount point but shows up by label, one does not show up as mounted at all but mounts to a /mnt mount point and is there for navigation, and one is mounted to a directory of the same name as the label. I would love to have some consistancy / direction on what is proper in this circumstance. No doubt I caused this with the fstab but I really don't remember what my rational was if I edited it manually

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• DVD-drive detected by BIOS and UEFI but not by Ubuntu 12.04

  - by user97591

  I have build a new tower containing; Asrock Z77 extreme4 (motherboard) Core i7 (processor) Hitachi LGE-DMGH 12 L (B) GH15F SATA (SATA DVD-drive) Problem is; BIOS and UEFI has no problems detecting the DVD-drive but it is not detected by Ubuntu 12.04. It is not present in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab. Below is the contents of fstab and mtab. Thanks for all your help. fstab: # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=f007bc60-da4c-4f36-99a7-77083c5f3654 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=5d59949c-aed9-442a-877d-5abf1ccaadc3 none swap sw 0 0 mtab: /dev/sda1 / ext4 rw,errors=remount-ro 0 0 proc /proc proc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 none /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw 0 0 none /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw 0 0 none /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw 0 0 udev /dev devtmpfs rw,mode=0755 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755 0 0 none /run/lock tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 0 0 none /run/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0 binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 gvfs-fuse-daemon /home/tom/.gvfs fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon rw,nosuid,nodev,user=tom 0 0

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• Architecture a for a central renderer rather than self-rendering

  - by The Communist Duck

  For the architectural side of rendering, there's two main ways: having each object render itself, and having a single renderer which renders everything. I'm currently aiming for the second idea, for the following reasons: The list can be sorted to only use shaders once. Else each object would have to bind the shader, because it's not sure if it's active. The objects could be sorted and grouped. Easier to swap APIs. With a few macro lines, it can be easy to swap between a DirectX renderer and an OpenGL renderer (not a reason for my project, but still a good point) Easier to manage rendering code Of course, if anyone has strong recommendations for the first method, I will listen to them. But I was wondering how make this work. First idea The renderer has a list of pointers to the renderable components of each entity, which register themselves on RenderCompoent creation. However, I'm worrying that this may end up as a lot of extra pointer weight. But I can sort the list of pointers every so often. Second idea The entire list of entities is passed to the renderer each render call. The renderer then sorts the list (each call, or maybe once?) and gets what it wants. That's a lot of passing and/or sorting, however. Other ideas ??? PROFIT Anyone got ideas? Thank you.

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• Docker vs ESXi for Startup Projects - Deploying Code for Dev Testing

  - by JasonG

  Why hello there little programmer dude! I have a question for you and all of your experience and knowledge. I have an ESXi whitebox that I built which is an 8 dude that sits in the corner. I made a mistake recently and took the key that had ESXi, formatted it and used it for something else. No big deal because the last project I worked on had stalled out. I'm about to pick up another project and now I need to spin up a whole bunch of stuff for CI, qa + db, ticket tracker, wikis etc etc. I've been hearing a lot about Docker recently and as this is just a consumer grade machine, I'm wondering if it may make more sense for me to use Docker on OpenOS and then put everything there - bamboo or hudson, jira, confluence, postgress for the tools to use, then a qa env. I can't really seem to find any documents that directly compare traditional VM infrastructure vs docker solutions and I'm wondering if it is fair to compare. Is there any reason why CoreOS w/ containers would be a strictly worse solution? Or do you have any insight into why I may want to stick with ESXi? I've looked on multiple occasions and can't find a good reason not to. I'm not going to run a production env on the server so I don't need to have HA if updating security or OS for example where esxi would allow me to restart one vm at a time. I can just shut the thing down and bring it back up if I need a reboot no problem. So what's up with this container stuff? Is it a fair replacement for ESXi? I'm guessing the atlassian products would run much better and my ram would go a lot farther using docker. Probably the CPU would run much cooler too and my expensive HDD space would be better utilized.

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• All files on automounted NTFS partition are marked as executable

  - by MHC

  I have set up an NTFS partition to automount via fstab: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=e63fa8a2-432f-4749-b9db-dab328807d04 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /boot was on /dev/sda4 during installation UUID=e9ad1bb4-7c1f-4ea9-a6a5-799dfad71c0a /boot ext4 defaults 0 2 # /home was on /dev/sda8 during installation UUID=eda8c755-5448-4de8-b58c-9cb75823c22d /home ext4 defaults 0 2 # swap was on /dev/sda9 during installation UUID=804ff3a7-e5dd-406a-b63c-e8f3c635fbc5 none swap sw 0 0 #Windows-Partition UUID=368CEBC57807FDCD /media/Share ntfs defaults,uid=1000,gid=1000,noexec 0 0 As you can see I have added the noexec bit to the configuration. Why? Because any file I create on or move to the partition is automatically marked as executable. The problem is that there is no way of changing that through nautilus. I cannot uncheck the "Allow executing file as program" option. The noexec option doesn't help, unfortunately. It only prevents nautilus from displaying the "run" or "read" dialog but doesn't change the executable flag. Is there any way I can fix this?

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• Is there a framework for describing object oriented communication standards/protocols?

  - by martin

  Currently I'm dealing with the development of specifications for communication standards/protocols for b2b-integration based on object oriented models. I.e. if you take a look at the healthcare domain there is HL7v3 with its HDF. Now I ask if there is a more generic framework, that describes how a specification for a communication standard should be developed. For b2b-integration I want to describe a communication standard based on uml models for a broad domain. My thought was to divide the domain into subdomains and derive message type from the resulting model. There is already a given framework, but I want to compare it to another framework. My idea is to compare them using a generic framework. It should describe several levels. Does anybody know such a framework? I have searched a while on google scholar, but haven't an appropiate framework yet. The only thing I have found is ebXML, but I think it is not exactly what I need.

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• Memory limiting solutions for greedy applications that can crash OS?

  - by Hooked

  I use my computer for scientific programming. It has a healthy 8GB of RAM and 12GB of swap space. Often, as my problems have gotten larger, I exceed all of the available RAM. Rather than crashing (which would be preferred), it seems Ubuntu starts loading everything into swap, including Unity and any open terminals. If I don't catch a run-away program in time, there is nothing I can do but wait - it takes 4-5 minutes to switch to a command prompt eg. Ctrl-Alt-F2 where I can kill the offending process. Since my own stupidity is out of scope of this forum, how can I prevent Ubuntu from crashing via thrashing when I use up all of the available memory from a single offending program? At-home experiment*! Open a terminal, launch python and if you have numpy installed try this: >>> import numpy >>> [numpy.zeros((10**4, 10**4)) for _ in xrange(50)] * Warning: may have adverse effects, monitor the process via iotop or top to kill it in time. If not, I'll see you after your reboot.

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• How to install Ubuntu 12.04.1 in EFI mode with Encrypted LVM?

  - by g0lem

  I'm trying to properly install Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS 64-bit PC (AMD64) with the alternate install CD ".iso" on a lenovo Thinkpad X220. Default Hard Disk (with a pre-installed version of Windows 7) has been replaced with a brand new SSD. The UEFI BIOS of the lenovo Thinkpad X220 is set to "UEFI Boot only" & "USB UEFI BIOS Support" is enabled (I'm using an external USB DVD reader to perform Ubuntu installation). The BIOS is a Phoenix SecureCore Tiano, BIOS version is 8DET56WW (1.26). The attempts below are made with the UEFI BIOS settings described above. Here's what I've tried so far: Boot on a live GParted CD Create a GPT partition table Create a FAT32 partition for UEFI System, set the partition to "EF00" type ("boot" flag) Leave remaining space unformated Boot on Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS 64-bit PC (AMD64) with alternate CD: Perform the install with network updates enabled Use manual partitioning FAT32 partition created with GParted is used as "EFI System partition" Remaining space is set to be used as "Physical volume for LVM" Then "Configure encrypted volumes" using the previous "Physical volume for LVM" as the encrypted container, passphrase is setup. "Configure the Logical Volume Manager" creating a volume Group using the encrypted container /dev/mapper/sda2_crypt Creation of the Logical Volumes "Create logical volume", choosing the previously created volume Group Assign a mount point and file system to the Logical volumes : LV-root for / LV-var for /var LV-usr for /usr LV-usr-local for /usr/local LV-swap for swap LV-home for /home NOTE: /tmp would be in RAM only using TMPFS Bootloader step: neither my ESP partition (/dev/sda1, /dev/sda or MBR) seems to be the right place for GRUB, I get the following message (X suffix is for demonstration only): unable to install grub in /dev/sdaX Executing 'grub-install /dev/sdaX' failed This is a fatal error. Finish installation without the Bootloader & Reboot The system doesn't start, there's no EFI/GRUB menu at startup. What are the steps to perform a clean and working installation of Ubuntu 12.04.1 Precise Pangolin, 64bit version in U(EFI) mode using the encrypted LUKS + LVM scheme described above?

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• How to change partitioning - may involve conversion of a partition from primary to extended

  - by george_k

  I am having trouble thinking through how I can achieve my partitioning goals. Now my partitions are: sda1 (winA) (primary) sda2 (winB) (primary) sda3 (/ for ubuntu) (primary) What I want to migrate into is (obviously partition numbers need not be exactly like that) sda1 (winA) (primary) sda2 (winB) (primary) sda3 (/boot) (primary) sda4 - extended which will contain sda5 (/home) sda6 (/ for ubuntu) sda7 (swap) I know I may be asking too much, but what would a way to do it? One way I have thought is Create a new primary partition for /boot and split it from the root partition into the new one. It shouldn't be too hard. Then the disk will have 4 primary partitions. Somehow convert the root ubuntu partition from primary to extended. Split that last partition in 3 extended partitions (root, /home, swap) and split the contents there. I am obviously stuck on the 2nd part. Another way could be (maybe easier): Create an extended partition (or two) Split /home there Somehow move everything except /boot to the extended partition. This way /boot will stay on the primary partition that exists now, and will be shrunk as needed, and everything else will end up to the extended partitions. This may sound better, but I'm not too sure how to do the 3rd part. Some details: The disk is almost empty, so I have space to move things around in it, shrink the ubuntu partition etc. I don't want to touch the windows partitions in any way. Reinstallation is not an option. Also using a different partitioning scheme with fewer partitions is not an option (for example not having a separate /boot) Any ideas?

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• Partition Alignment Confusion

  - by user170757

  I have a new Samsung 840 250GB SSD on the way, and I want to make sure that everything is running optimally after install. I've spent many frustrating hours on the internet trying to understand how I should align the partitions of the SSD when it arrives (and even how to partition everything; my other drive is a 1TB HDD with files already on it). I'd like to know a foolproof way of setting everything up. Now, the only place I could find the erase block size of the 840 is here: http://thessdreview.com/Forums/ssd-beginners-guide-discussion/3630.htm I simply can't understand why such information isn't made freely accessible by manufacturers! But, anyway, this would suggest the EBS is 1536kb, which seems odd to me. It is to my understanding that you should now align by MiB (usually set at 1MiB). I assume that the figure above should actually be 1536k B=1.5MiB? This seems to suggest the partition alignment will be somewhat non-standard. So my question is: How do I align my partitions given this information? Please bear in mind that I have never used linux before; I'm doing my best to get everything set up so that I can begin to learn but am finding this process incredibly opaque and time consuming. If possible, a step by step guide through GParted would be great; at the moment I'm considering an NTFS partition ~20GB for Windows (playing games), an EXT4 ~20GB for ubuntu (for doing everything else) and a shared documents+games partition for everything else in NTFS file format. I'm not going to have any swap partition and use swap files instead.

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• What "file system" is supported by Windows and Linux?

  - by Skiroid

  I'm setting up a media centre for my living room so that I'm able to watch downloaded films and TV shows on the big screen. The media centre is an old small computer which will have XBMCbuntu 12 installed on it. Right now, the media centre has a 300 GB HDD partitioned into two: 1) Ext4 50 GB (where I'll install the OS) 2) swap 6 GB (swap area) I'm wanting a third partition which I can store all my media on to. This partition will fill the rest of my HDD. Although, I'm stuck on which file system I should set it to. I need the file system to be fully compatible with Windows as I'm going to be removing the HDD from the media centre and plugging it into my main PC, running Windows 8, to transfer the media onto it. I can't transfer over Wi-Fi as the media centre won't be connected to the Internet. My options are: Ext4 journaling, Ext3 journaling, Ext2 journaling, ReiserFS journaling, btrfs journaling, JFS journaling, XFS journaling, FAT16 and FAT32. I know that FAT32 is compatible with Windows but it can only hold files that are 4 GB or less and my films are well over 4 GB. Some more than 10 GB. Is there a file system I can use which is supported by Linux and pops up under Computer in Windows?

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• How to handle sorting of complex objects?

  - by AedonEtLIRA

  How would one sort a list of objects that have more than one sortable element? Suppose you have a simple object Car and car is a defined as such: class Car { public String make; public String model; public int year; public String color; // ... No methods, just a structure / container } I designed a simple framework that would allow for multiple SortOptions to be provided to a Sorter that would then sort the list. interface ISorter<T> { List<T> sort(List<T> items); void addSortOption(ISortOption<T> option); ISortOption<T>[] getSortOptions(); void setSortOption(ISortOption<T> option); } interface ISortOption<T> { String getLabel(); int compare(T t1, T t2); } Example use class SimpleStringSorter extends MergeSorter<String> { { addSorter(new AlphaSorter()); } private static final class AlphaSorter implements ISortOption<String> { // ... implementation of alpha compare and get label } } The issue with this solution is that it is not easily expandable. If car was to ever receive a new field, say, currentOwner. I would need to add the field, then track down the sorter class file, implement a new sort option class then recompile the application for redistribution. Is there an easier more expandable/practical way to sort data like this?

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• "Misaligned partition" - Should I do repartition (how?)

  - by RndmUbuntuAmateur

  Tried to install Ubuntu 12.04 from USB-stick alongside the existing Win7 OS 64bit, and now I'm not sure if install was completely successful: Disk Utility tool claims that the Extended partition (which contains Ubuntu partition and Swap) is "misaligned" and recommends repartition. What should I do, and if should I do this repartition, how to do it (especially if I would like not to lose the data on Win7 partition)? Background info: A considerably new Thinkpad laptop (UEFI BIOS, if that matters). Before install there were already a "SYSTEM_DRV" partition, the main Windows partition and a Lenovo recovery partition (all NTFS). Now the table looks like this: SYSTEM_DRV (sda1), Windows (sda2), Extended (sda4) (which contains Linux (sda5; ext4) and Swap (sda6)) and Recovery (sda3). Disk Utility Tool gives a message as follows when I select Ext: "The partition is misaligned by 1024 bytes. This may result in very poor performance. Repartitioning is suggested." There were couple of problems during the install, which I describe below, in the case they happen to be relevant. Installer claimed that it recognized existing OS'es fine, so I checked the corresponding option during the install. Next, when it asked me how to allocate the disk space, the first weird thing happened: the installer give me a graphical "slide" allocate disk space for pre-existing Win7 OS and new Ubuntu... but it did not inform me which partition would be for Ubuntu and which for Windows. ..well, I decided to go with the setting installer proposed. (not sure if this is relevant, but I guess I'd better mention it anyway - the previous partition tools have been more self-explanatory...) After the install (which reported no errors), GRUB/Ubuntu refused to boot. Luckily this problem was quite straightforwardly resolved with live-Ubuntu-USB and Boot-Repair ("Recommended repair" worked just fine). After all this hassle I decided to check the partition table "just to be sure"- and the disk utility gives the warning message I described.

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• Finding the best practice for a game simulating tool

  - by Tougheart

  I'm studying Java right now, and I'm thinking of this tool as my practice project. The game is "League of Legends" in case anyone knows it, I'm not actually simulating the game as in simulating game play, I'm just trying to create a tool that can compare different champions to each other based on their own abilities and items bought inside the game. The game basics are: Every player has a champion in a team of 5 players playing against another team. Each champion has a different set of abilities (usually 4) that s/he uses to do damage to opposing champions. Each champion gets stronger by buying different items, increasing the attack it deals or decreasing the damage received. What I want to do is to create a tool to be used outside the game enabling players to try out different builds for their champions and compare the figures against other champions they usually fight against. The goal is to enable players get a deeper understanding of the different item combinations (builds) that can be used during the games, instead of trying them out in real games which can be somehow very time consuming. What I'm stuck at is the best practice I should follow to make this possible using Java, I can't figure out which classes should inherit from which, should I make champions and items specs in the code or extracted from other files, specially that I'm talking about hundreds of items and champions to use in that tool. I'm self studying Java, and I don't have much practice at it, so I would really appreciate any broad guidelines regarding this, and sorry if my question doesn't fit here, I tried to follow the rules. English isn't my native language, so I'm really sorry if I wasn't clear enough, I would be more than happy to explain anything that's not understood.

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• How to automount NTFS usb sticks on Xubuntu 12.10?

  - by netimen

  I'm running the Xubuntu 12.10 on a Lenovo T520 laptop. If I plug a FAT formatted usb stick, it's mounted automatically, but if I plug in a NTFS formatted one, I have to mount it manually. How to make NTFS usb sticks to mount automatically when plugged? My /etc/fstab in case it helps: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier # for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name # devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 /dev/sda1 / ext4 errors=remount-ro,user_xattr 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=cd221c3e-44a8-459e-9dfb-04787f1cd0b6 none swap sw

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• error: no such partition after 11.10 upgrade to 12.04

  - by Alan King

  -I recently upgraded my 11.10 install to 12.04 LTS and got the above error message upon reboot after a GNU GRUB version ubuntu3 display showing Ubuntu 3.2.0-23-generic pae and other kernels or memory tests to choose from. The upgrade had to be done by CD because the Update Manager did not show the 12.04 upgrade option. After selecting the default install option of upgrading 11.10 to 12.04, I was presented with a screen saying that I had not specified a swap partition. Upon selection the 'back' key, I was taken to a partition page which listed two current partitions (only Ubuntu 11.10 had been installed - no Windoz): an ext4 partition plus a small 1.8GB partition. I double clicked the small partition and selected it as the swap partition even though I wondered at the time why this even came up. I can see the two user folders under home from the file manager screen while runnning 12.04 from the CD but if I try to access either one an error message is displayed saying I do not have permission while I get a loading message in the lower right corner of the window that does not go away. I have two questions: Can I access the user folders prior to recovery via the Terminal? If so, how? How do I fix the GRUB issue?

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• Dual boot Ubuntu 12.10 and Linux Mint 13

  - by user101693

  I know this question has been asked so many times, but I don't know what should I do in my case with those tutorials available everywhere. This is how my current situation looks like: Right now I'm using Linux Mint 13 Xfce installed with: 500MB of /boot 2GB of swap 15GB of / The rest of my space is /home with no space left in my hard drive And I just got a Ubuntu 12.10 live CD from my friend, and I intended to install it alongside my Linux Mint. And I want to select something else in the installation process. The question is: I want to use the same /home partition for Ubuntu and Linux Mint with same user but different directory because I don't want my configuration files conflict with each other. For example my username is Budiman and I want a directory named /home/budiman-Ubuntu for Ubuntu and /home/budiman-LinuxMint for Linux Mint. How can I do that? I read it somewhere said that I can share /boot and swap with multiple Distro, is it true? How can I make another /root directory for Ubuntu since I don't have any space left in my hard drive? Can I resize the /home partition without losing my data? How can I do that if it's possible? Now I've used 10-20% of my /home partition. I really hope somebody can help me with my question, if possible with a full tutorial starting from install with something else step until completion of the process. Thanks before :)

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