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  • Problem with default member functions of class in C++ (constructor, destructor, operator=, copy cons

    - by Narek
    We know that compiler generates some member functions for user-defined class if that member functions are not defined but used, isn't it. So I have this kind of code: class AA { }; void main() { AA a; AA b(a); a = b; } This code works fine. I mean no compiler error. But the following code.... class AA { int member1; int member2; }; But this code gives an run time error, because variable "a" is used without being iniltialized!!! So my question is this: when we instantiate an int, it has a value. So why the default constructer doesn't work and by using those two int numbers initializes variable "a"??

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  • model.matrix() with na.action=NULL?

    - by Vincent
    I have a formula and a data frame, and I want to extract the model.matrix(). However, I need the resulting matrix to include the NAs that were found in the original dataset. If I were to use model.frame() to do this, I would simply pass it na.action=NULL. However, the output I need is of the model.matrix() format. Specifically, I need only the right-hand side variables, I need the output to be a matrix (not a data frame), and I need factors to be converted to a series of dummy variables. I'm sure I could hack something together using loops or something, but I was wondering if anyone could suggest a cleaner and more efficient workaround. Thanks a lot for your time! And here's an example: dat <- data.frame(matrix(rnorm(20),5,4), gl(5,2)) dat[3,5] <- NA names(dat) <- c(letters[1:4], 'fact') ff <- a ~ b + fact # This omits the row with a missing observation on the factor model.matrix(ff, dat) # This keeps the NA, but it gives me a data frame and does not dichotomize the factor model.frame(ff, dat, na.action=NULL) Here is what I would like to obtain: (Intercept) b fact2 fact3 fact4 fact5 1 1 0.7266086 0 0 0 0 2 1 -0.6088697 0 0 0 0 3 NA 0.4643360 NA NA NA NA 4 1 -1.1666248 1 0 0 0 5 1 -0.7577394 0 1 0 0 6 1 0.7266086 0 1 0 0 7 1 -0.6088697 0 0 1 0 8 1 0.4643360 0 0 1 0 9 1 -1.1666248 0 0 0 1 10 1 -0.7577394 0 0 0 1

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  • MySQL query with 2 COUNT() of other tables with where conditions

    - by Isern Palaus
    Hello, I've a table called sports that contains a list of list of sports, other called seasons that contains the seasons for a specific sport and competitions that have the competitions of a specific sport and season. I need one MySQL query to print the list of sports with how much seasons and competitions has each. My tables structure: sports +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | | slug | varchar(45) | NO | | NULL | | | description | varchar(128) | NO | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ seasons +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | id_sport | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | | | name | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | | slug | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ competitions +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | id_season | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | | | name | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | | slug | varchar(64) | NO | | NULL | | | description | varchar(128) | YES | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ The result of my query needs to contain: sports.*, total_seasons (SUM of seasons where seasons.id_sport=sports.id) and total_competitions (SUM of competitions where competitions.id_season=seasons.id AND seasons.id_sport=sports.id). Thank you in advance!

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  • Performing multiple operations if condition is satisfied in ternary operator in linq

    - by user1575914
    I am a beginner in LINQ.I want to perform some conditional operation lik follows, (from emp in Employees let DOB=emp.BirthDate.GetValueOrDefault() let year=DOB.Year let month=DOB.Month let EmpAgeInYearsToday=DateTime.Now.Year-year let EmpAgeInMonthToday=DateTime.Now.Month-month let temp_year=(EmpAgeInYearsToday-1) let ExactNoOfMonths_temp=EmpAgeInMonthToday<0?temp_year:EmpAgeInMonthToday let ExactNoOfMonths=EmpAgeInMonthToday<0?EmpAgeInMonthToday+12&temp_year:EmpAgeInMonthToday select new{emp.EmployeeID,DOB, EmployeeAgeToday=EmpAgeInYearsToday+" Years "+ExactNoOfMonths+" Months ").Dump(); Here, let ExactNoOfMonths=EmpAgeInMonthToday<0?EmpAgeInMonthToday+12&temp_year:EmpAgeInMonthToday This part is not working. How to achieve this? How to perform multiple operations when the condition is satisfied?

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  • INSERT INTO ...SELECT syntax error in join operator

    - by user1477356
    I'm trying to write a shopping basket into a order + orderline in a sql database from C# asp.net. the orderline will contain a ordernumber, total price, productid, quantity etc. for every item in the basket. The order itself will contain the ordernumber as primary key and will be linked to the different lines through it. Everything worked fine yesterday, but now as i tried to use a SELECT command in the insert into statement to get things more dynamic i'm getting the above described syntax error. Does anybody know what's wrong with this statement: INSERT INTO [order] (klant_id,totaalprijs,btw,subtotaal,verzendkosten) SELECT klant.id , SUM(orderregel.totaalprijs) , SUM(orderregel.btw) , SUM(orderregel.totaalprijs) - SUM(orderregel.btw) , 7.50 FROM orderregel INNER JOIN klant ON [order].klant_id = klant.id WHERE klant.username = 'jerry' GROUP BY id; the ordernumber in the "order" table is on autonumber, in the asp codebehind there is a for each which handles the lines being written for every product, there's an index set on 0 outside of this loop and is heightened with 1 every end of it. The executenonquery of the order is only executed once at the beginning of the first loop and the lines are added after with MAX(ordernumber) as ordernumber. I hope i have provided enough information and somebody is capable of helping me. Thanks in advance!

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  • Assignment in conditional operator

    - by DuoSRX
    I've seen a lot this kind of code recently : if ($foo = $bar->getFoo()) { baz($foo); } Is this considered good or bad practice ? For example, Netbeans IDE give a notice if you use this kind of code : Possible accidental assignment, assignments in conditions should be avoided What do you think ?

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  • C++ operator[ ] on integer litteral

    - by gregseth
    I found this piece of code: char a = 1["ABC"]; A few quick test led me to the fact it was the same than writing: char a = "ABC"[1]; Which seems far more logical to me. So my questions: Why is this notation valid? Is there any reason to write something that way?

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  • Factory Method Using Is/As Operator

    - by Swim
    I have factory that looks something like the following snippet. Foo is a wrapper class for Bar and in most cases (but not all), there is a 1:1 mapping. As a rule, Bar cannot know anything about Foo, yet Foo takes an instance of Bar. Is there a better/cleaner approach to doing this? public Foo Make( Bar obj ) { if( obj is Bar1 ) return new Foo1( obj as Bar1 ); if( obj is Bar2 ) return new Foo2( obj as Bar2 ); if( obj is Bar3 ) return new Foo3( obj as Bar3 ); if( obj is Bar4 ) return new Foo3( obj as Bar4 ); // same wrapper as Bar3 throw new ArgumentException(); } At first glance, this question might look like a duplicate (maybe it is), but I haven't seen one exactly like it. Here is one that is close, but not quite: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/242097/factory-based-on-typeof-or-is-a

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  • Is tertiary operator possible here?

    - by silow
    I'm trying to set $value1, $value2, $value3 entirely using tertiary operators. This is what it looks like without tertiary if ($chk1 == 20) { $value1 = true; if ($chk2 == 40) { $value2 = 100 ; $value3 = 300; } else { $value2 = 200 ; $value3 = 400; } } else { $value1 = false; } I can set $value2 and $value3, but not sure how to set $value1. Can it be done? if ($chk1 == 20) { $value1 = true; $value2 = ($chk2 == 40) ? 100 : 200; $value3 = ($chk2 == 40) ? 300 : 400; } else { $value1 = false; }

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  • Operator & and * at function prototype in class

    - by Puyover
    I'm having a problem with a class like this: class Sprite { ... bool checkCollision(Sprite &spr); ... }; So, if I have that class, I can do this: ball.checkCollision(bar1); But if I change the class to this: class Sprite { ... bool checkCollision(Sprite* spr); ... }; I have to do this: ball.checkCollision(&bar1); So, what's the difference?? It's better a way instead other? Thank you.

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  • Return the Column Name for row with last non-null value "Ms Access 2007"

    - by bri1969
    I have a Table, which contains a list of league players. Each season, we record their Points per Dart. Their total PPD for that season is stored in other tables and extracted through other queries, which in turn are imported to the master table "Player History" at the end of the season for use as historical data. The current query retrieves each players PPD for each season they played, when they played last, and how many seasons played. The code for Last season Played has become too long and unstable to use. it was originally created, and split into two separate columns because a single SQL was to long. (LSP1) and LSP2) which work, but as I add seasons, Access does not like the length of code. In short, i need to find a more simple code that will look at each row, and look in that row for the last non null cell and report which column that last non null value is in. So if a player played seasons 30 & 31, but did not play 32..but did play 33, the Column with the code should be titled Last Season Played, and for that Player, it would state "33" in that cell, indicating that this player last played season "33" I will provide both tables and the query.. Please help

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  • C# XNA: What can cause SpriteBatch.End() to throw a NPE?

    - by Rosarch
    I don't understand what I'm doing wrong here: public void Draw(GameTime gameTime) // in ScreenManager { SpriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.AlphaBlend); for (int i = 0; i < Screens.Count; i++) { if (Screens[i].State == Screen.ScreenState.HIDDEN) continue; Screens[i].Draw(gameTime); } SpriteBatch.End(); // null ref exception } SpriteBatch itself is not null. Some more context: public class MasterEngine : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { public MasterEngine() { graphicsDeviceManager = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Components.Add(new GamerServicesComponent(this)); // ... spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(graphicsDeviceManager.GraphicsDevice); screenManager = new ScreenManager(assets, gameEngine, graphicsDeviceManager.GraphicsDevice, spriteBatch); } //... protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { screenManager.Draw(gameTime); // calls the problematic method base.Draw(gameTime); } } Am I failing to initialize something properly? UPDATE: As an experiment, I tried this to the constructor of MasterEngine: spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(graphicsDeviceManager.GraphicsDevice); spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.DrawString(assets.GetAsset<SpriteFont>("calibri"), "ftw", new Vector2(), Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); This does not cause a NRE. hmm....

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  • 4 table query / join. getting duplicate rows

    - by Horse
    So I have written a query that will grab an order (this is for an ecommerce type site), and from that order id it will get all order items (ecom_order_items), print options (c_print_options) and images (images). The eoi_p_id is currently a foreign key from the images table. This works fine and the query is: SELECT eoi_parentid, eoi_p_id, eoi_po_id, eoi_quantity, i_id, i_parentid, po_name, po_price FROM ecom_order_items, images, c_print_options WHERE eoi_parentid = '1' AND i_id = eoi_p_id AND po_id = eoi_po_id; The above would grab all the stuff I need for order #1 Now to complicate things I added an extra table (ecom_products), which needs to act in a similar way to the images table. The eoi_p_id can also point at a foreign key in this table too. I have added an extra field 'eoi_type' which will either have the value 'image', or 'product'. Now items in the order could be made up of a mix of items from images or ecom_products. Whatever I try it either ends up with too many records, wont actually output any with eoi_type = 'product', and just generally wont work. Any ideas on how to achieve what I am after? Can provide SQL samples if needed? SELECT eoi_id, eoi_parentid, eoi_p_id, eoi_po_id, eoi_po_id_2, eoi_quantity, eoi_type, i_id, i_parentid, po_name, po_price, po_id, ep_id FROM ecom_order_items, images, c_print_options, ecom_products WHERE eoi_parentid = '9' AND i_id = eoi_p_id AND po_id = eoi_po_id The above outputs duplicate rows and doesnt work as expected. Am I going about this the wrong way? Should I have seperate foreign key fields for the eoi_p_id depending it its an image or a product? Should I be using JOINs? Here is a mysql explain of the tables in question ecom_products +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | ep_id | int(8) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | ep_title | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | ep_link | text | NO | | NULL | | | ep_desc | text | NO | | NULL | | | ep_imgdrop | text | NO | | NULL | | | ep_price | decimal(6,2) | NO | | NULL | | | ep_category | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | ep_hide | tinyint(1) | NO | | 0 | | | ep_featured | tinyint(1) | NO | | 0 | | +-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ ecom_order_items +--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | eoi_id | int(8) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | eoi_parentid | int(8) | NO | | NULL | | | eoi_type | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | | eoi_p_id | int(8) | NO | | NULL | | | eoi_po_id | int(8) | NO | | NULL | | | eoi_quantity | int(4) | NO | | NULL | | +--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ c_print_options +------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | po_id | int(8) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | po_name | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | po_price | decimal(6,2) | NO | | NULL | | +------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ images +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | i_id | int(8) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | i_filename | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | | | i_data | longtext | NO | | NULL | | | i_parentid | int(8) | NO | | NULL | | +--------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

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  • Java print binary number using bit-wise operator

    - by user69514
    Hi I am creating a method that will take a number and print it along with its binary representation. The problems is that my method prints all 0's for any positive number, and all 1's for any negative number private static void display( int number ){ System.out.print(number + "\t"); int mask = 1 << 31; for(int i=1; i<=32; i++) { if( (mask & number) != 0 ) System.out.print(1); else System.out.print(0); if( (i % 4) == 0 ) System.out.print(" "); } }

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  • Dereferencing possible null pointer in java

    - by Nealio
    I am just starting to get into graphics and when I am trying to get the graphics, I get the error"Exception in thread "Thread-2" java.lang.NullPointerException" and I have no clue on what is going on! Any help is greatly appreciated. //The display class for the game //Crated: 10-30-2013 //Last Modified: 10-30-2013 package gamedev; import gamedev.Graphics.Render; import gamedev.Graphics.Screen; import java.awt.Canvas; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.awt.image.DataBufferInt; import javax.swing.JFrame; private void tick() { } private void render() { System.out.println("display.render"); BufferStrategy bs = this.getBufferStrategy(); if (bs == null) { createBufferStrategy(3); } for (int i = 0; i < GAMEWIDTH * GAMEHEIGHT; i++) { pixels[i] = screen.PIXELS[i]; } screen.Render(); //The line of code that is the problem Graphics g = bs.getDrawGraphics(); //end problematic code g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, GAMEWIDTH, GAMEHEIGHT, null); g.dispose(); bs.show(); }

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  • Perl need the right grep operator to match value of variable

    - by iaintunderstand
    I want to see if I have repeated items in my array, there are over 16.000 so will automate it There may be other ways but I started with this and, well, would like to finish it unless there is a straightforward command. What I am doing is shifting and pushing from one array into another and this way, check the destination array to see if it is "in array" (like there is such a command in PHP). So, I got this sub routine and it works with literals, but it doesn't with variables. It is because of the 'eq' or whatever I should need. The 'sourcefile' will contain one or more of the words of the destination array. my @destination = ('hi', 'bye'); sub in_array { my ($destination,$search_for) = @_; return grep {$search_for eq $_} @$destination; } for($i = 0; $i <=100; $i ++) { $elemento = shift @sourcefile; if(in_array(\@destination, $elemento)) { print "it is"; } else { print "it aint there"; } } Well, if instead of including the $elemento in there I put a 'hi' it does work and also I have printed the value of $elemento which is also 'hi', but when I put the variable, it does not work, and that is because of the 'eq', but I don't know what else to put. If I put == it complains that 'hi' is not a numeric value.

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  • Help needed for writing a Set Based query for finding the highest marks obtained by the students

    - by priyanka.sarkar_2
    I have the below table declare @t table (id int identity, name varchar(50),sub1 int,sub2 int,sub3 int,sub4 int) insert into @t select 'name1',20,30,40,50 union all select 'name2',10,30,40,50 union all select 'name3',40,60,100,50 union all select 'name4',80,30,40,80 union all select 'name5',80,70,40,50 union all select 'name6',10,30,40,80 The desired output should be Id Name Sub1 Sub2 Sub3 Sub4 3 Name3 100 4 Name4 80 80 5 Name5 80 70 6 Name6 80 What I have done so far is ;with cteSub1 as ( select rn1 = dense_rank() over(order by sub1 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub1 from @t t ) ,cteSub2 as ( select rn2 = dense_rank() over(order by sub2 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub2 from @t t ) ,cteSub3 as ( select rn3 = dense_rank() over(order by sub3 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub3 from @t t ) ,cteSub4 as ( select rn4 = dense_rank() over(order by sub4 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub4 from @t t ) select x1.id,x2.id,x3.id,x4.id ,x1.sub1,x2.sub2,x3.sub3,x4.sub4 from (select c1.id,c1.sub1 from cteSub1 c1 where rn1 =1) as x1 full join (select c2.id,c2.sub2 from cteSub2 c2 where rn2 =1)x2 on x1.id = x2.id full join (select c3.id,c3.sub3 from cteSub3 c3 where rn3 =1)x3 on x1.id = x3.id full join (select c4.id,c4.sub4 from cteSub4 c4 where rn4 =1)x4 on x1.id = x4.id which is giving me the output as id id id id sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 5 5 NULL NULL 80 70 NULL NULL 4 NULL NULL 4 80 NULL NULL 80 NULL NULL 3 NULL NULL NULL 100 NULL NULL NULL NULL 6 NULL NULL NULL 80 Help needed. Also how can I reduce the number of CTE's?

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