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• I cannot get mlocManager.removeUpdates(mlocListener); to work

  - by Colin

  I have an app that uses the LocationManage functions which works well until the app is stopped or paused. The location listener function is still carrying on in the background. Relevant bits of code follow. When I click home or back the onstop() function is being triggered correctly. package uk.cr.anchor; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.location.Location; import android.location.LocationListener; import android.location.LocationManager; import android.media.MediaPlayer; import android.media.RingtoneManager; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TableRow; import android.widget.Toast; import android.widget.ToggleButton; import android.content.SharedPreferences; import android.graphics.Color; public class main extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ private LocationManager mlocManager; private LocationListener mlocListener; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); LocationManager mlocManager = (LocationManager)getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE); LocationListener mlocListener = new MyLocationListener(); mlocManager.requestLocationUpdates( LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, mlocListener); } @Override protected void onStop(){ stoplistening(); super.onStop(); } /* Class My Location Listener */ public class MyLocationListener implements LocationListener { @Override public void onLocationChanged(Location loc) { loc.getLatitude(); loc.getLongitude(); etc etc etc } private void stoplistening() { if (mlocManager != null) { Toast.makeText( getApplicationContext(), "kill", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT ).show(); mlocManager.removeUpdates(mlocListener); } else { Toast.makeText( getApplicationContext(), " not kill", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT ).show(); } } } I always get the "not kill" message. Can anyone help me!

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• AllowSetForegroundWindow & SetForegroundWindow: NPAPI plug-in wants to allow a desktop application with no success

  - by David Robert Jones

  Here it's what I have: a web browser plug-in written in C++ and a Windows application written in C#. They communicate through a named pipe. The plug-in instructs the C# application to open a file (suppose that the file is a .txt and it opens in Notepad). Once the C# application is given the command, it opens the file but Notepad doesn't show in the foreground, which isn't acceptable, I must open Notepad in the foreground. I modified the C# application so that it calls the SetForegroundWindow function. This time Notepad didn't open in the foreground, but the taskbar flashes. After reading the documentation for SetForegroundWindow and many articles I think that now I understand what the problem is: the C# application can't bring Notepad to the foreground because it wasn't the the foreground process, the browser was (?). After reading this: "A process that can set the foreground window can enable another process to set the foreground window by calling the AllowSetForegroundWindow function." I decided to modify the plug-in. This time the plug-in calls the AllowSetForegroundWindow function passing ASFW_ANY as a parameter (I know, ASFW_ANY could be risky, but I wanted to make sure that AllowSetForegroundWindow would do it). After I did the modification to the plug-in I tested it and it worked! (Opera 12.02). Then I tested it on Internet Explorer and it worked too. But the problem came when I tested it in Firefox and Chrome. The C# application didn't have the ability to bring Notepad to the foreground. I noticed that for those browsers the AllowSetForegroundWindow function was returning false. So I started investigating and I come to the conclusion that maybe it's because the plugin container that Firefox uses. An idea came to my mind: it worked in Opera 12.02, but they don't have a plugin container, although they did in Opera 12.00. So I downloaded Opera 12.00, I did the test and it failed, which makes me conclude that the plugin container is the culprit. The question is: how can I give to the C# application the ability to set foreground? I don't know how to continue, and I think that I tried all the legitimate ways. The AllowSetForegroundWindow & SetForegroundWindow seems to not apply here.

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• populate array fron list onclick javascript

  - by user3703591

  I 'm writing a code with JS and I don't know how to populate array when clicking on button. We have this code, which uses a list (ul), where the items (li) can be moved with mouse. How can do onclick to populate an array with 2 data, its first position and the last position? <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.js"></script> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.3/jquery-ui.js"></script> <script src="https://raw.github.com/furf/jquery-ui-touch-punch/master/jquery.ui.touch-punch.min.js"></script> <script> $(function() { $( ".documents" ).sortable(); $( ".documents" ).disableSelection(); }); </script> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>toArray demo</title> <style> span { color: red; } </style> </head> <body> Reversed - <span></span> <ul id="opciones" class="documents"> <li>uno</li> <li>dos</li> <li>tres</li> </ul> <script> function disp( li ) { var a = []; for ( var i = 0; i < li.length; i++ ) { a.push( li[ i ].innerHTML ); } $( "span" ).text( a.join( " " ) ); } disp( $( "li" ).toArray() ); </script> <input type="button" value="actualizar_array" onclick="disp('#opciones')" /> </body> </html>

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• Delete duplicate rows, do not preserve one row

  - by Radley

  I need a query that goes through each entry in a database, checks if a single value is duplicated elsewhere in the database, and if it is - deletes both entries (or all, if more than two). Problem is the entries are URLs, up to 255 characters, with no way of identifying the row. Some existing answers on Stackoverflow do not work for me due to performance limitations, or they use uniqueid which obviously won't work when dealing with a string. Long Version: I have two databases containing URLs (and only URLs). One database has around 3,000 urls and the other around 1,000. However, a large majority of the 1,000 urls were taken from the 3,000 url database. I need to merge the 1,000 into the 3,000 as new entries only. For this, I made a third database with combined URLs from both tables, about 4,000 entries. I need to find all duplicate entries in this database and delete them (Both of them, without leaving either). I have followed the query of a few examples on this site, but whenever I try to delete both entries it ends up deleting all the entries, or giving sql errors. Alternatively: I have two databases, each containing the separate database. I need to check each row from one database against the other to find any that aren't duplicates, and then add those to a third database. Edit: I've got my own PHP solution which is pretty hacky, but works. I cannot answer my own question for 8 hours because I'm new, so here it is for now: I went with a PHP script to accomplish this, as I'm more familiar with PHP than MySQL. This generates a simple list of urls that only exist in the target database, but not both. If you have more than 7,000 entries to parse this may take awhile, and you will need to copy/paste the results into a text file or expand the script to store them back into a database. I'm just doing it manually to save time. Note: Uses MeekroDB <pre> <?php require('meekrodb.2.1.class.php'); DB::$user = 'root'; DB::$password = ''; DB::$dbName = 'testdb'; $all = DB::query('SELECT * FROM old_urls LIMIT 7000'); foreach($all as $row) { $test = DB::query('SELECT url FROM new_urls WHERE url=%s', $row['url']); if (!is_array($test)) { echo $row['url'] . "\n"; }else{ if (count($test) == 0) { echo $row['url'] . "\n"; } } } ?> </pre>

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• Is this a good approach to dealing with tagging?

  - by Mel

  Can this code be optimized or re-factored? Is this an optimal approach to tagging? The following code is a callback in my posts model. It creates a record that associates a tag with a post in a QuestionsTags joiner table. When necessary, if a given tag does not already exist in the tags table, the function creates it, then uses its id to create the new record in the QuestionsTags table. The difficulty with this approach is the QuestionsTags table depends on data in the tags table which may or may not exist. The function assumes the following tables: tags(id, tagName), posts(tags) // Comma delimited list questionsTags(postId, tagId) The idea is to loop over a delimited list of tags submitted with a post and check to see if each tag already exists in the tags table If tag exists: Check to see if there's already a QuestionTag record for this post and this tag in the QuestionTags table. If yes, do nothing (the association already exists) If no, create a new QuestionTag record using the id of the existing tag and the postId If tag does not already exist: Create the new tag in the tags table Use its id to create a new QuestionsTags record Code /** * @hint Sets tags for a given question. **/ private function setTags() { // Loop over the comma and space delmited list of tags for (local.i = 1; local.i LTE ListLen(this.tags, ", "); local.i = (local.i + 1)) { // Check if the tag already exists in the database local.tag = model("tag").findOneByTagName(local.i); // If the tag exists, look for an existing association between the tag and the question in the QuestionTag table if (IsObject(local.tag)) { local.questionTag = model("questionTag").findOneByPostIdAndTagId(values="#this.postId#,#local.tag.id#"); // If no assciatione exists, create a new QuestionTag record using the tagId and the postId if (! IsObject(local.questionTag)) { local.newQuestionTag = model("questionTag").new(postId = this.id, tagId = local.tag.id); // Abort if the saving the new QuestionTag is unsuccesful if (! local.newQuestionTag.save()) { return false; } } } // If the tag does not exist create it else { local.newTag = model("tag").new(tagName = local.i, userId = this.ownerUserId); // Abort if the the new tag is not saved successfully if (! local.newTag.save()) { return false; } // Otherwise create a new association in the QuestionTags table using the id of the newly created tag and the postId local.newQuestionTag = model("questionTag").new(postId = this.id, tagId = local.newTag.id); // Abort if the new QuestionTag does not save correctly if (! local.newQuestionTag.save()) { return false; } } } } FYI: I'm using CFWheels in my application, which explains the ORM functions used.

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• [Delphi] open text files in one application

  - by Remus Rigo

  hi all I want to write an text editor and to assign the txt files to it. My problem is that I want to have only one instance running and when a new file is opened to send the filename to the first app that is already running... (I want to do this using mutex). Here is a small test DPR looks like this uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Forms, wndMain in 'wndMain.pas' {frmMain}; {$R *.res} var PrevWindow : HWND; S : string; CData : TCopyDataStruct; begin PrevWindow := 0; if OpenMutex(MUTEX_ALL_ACCESS, False, 'MyMutex') <> 0 then begin repeat PrevWindow:=FindWindow('TfrmMain', nil); until PrevWindow<>Application.Handle; if IsWindow(PrevWindow) then begin SendMessage(PrevWindow, WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_RESTORE, 0); BringWindowToTop(PrevWindow); SetForegroundWindow(PrevWindow); if FileExists(ParamStr(1)) then begin S:=ParamStr(1); CData.dwData:=0; CData.lpData:=PChar(S); CData.cbData:=1+Length(S); SendMessage(PrevWindow, WM_COPYDATA, 0, DWORD(@CData) ); end; end; end else CreateMutex(nil, False, 'MyMutex'); Application.Initialize; Application.CreateForm(TfrmMain, frmMain); Application.Run; end. PAS: type TfrmMain = class(TForm) memo: TMemo; private procedure WMCopyData ( var msg : TWMCopyData ) ; message WM_COPYDATA; public procedure OpenFile(f : String); end; var frmMain: TfrmMain; implementation {$R *.dfm} procedure TfrmMain.WMCopyData ( var msg : TWMCopyData ) ; var f : String; begin f:=PChar(msg.CopyDataStruct.lpData); //ShowMessage(f); OpenFile(f); end; procedure TfrmMain.OpenFile(f : String); begin memo.Clear; memo.Lines.LoadFromFile(f); Caption:=f; end; this code should be ok, but if i want to open a text file (from the second app), the first app receives a message like this: thanks

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• Friendly way to parse XDocument

  - by Oli

  I have a class that various different XML schemes are created from. I create the various dynamic XDocuments via one (Very long) statement using conditional operators for optional elements and attributes. I now need to convert the XDocuments back to the class but as they are coming from different schemes many elements and sub elements may be optional. The only way I know of doing this is to use a lot of if statements. This approach doesn't seem very LINQ and uses a great deal more code than when I create the XDocument so I wondered if there is a better way to do this? An example would be to get <?xml version="1.0"?> <root xmlns="somenamespace"> <object attribute1="This is Optional" attribute2="This is required"> <element1>Required</element1> <element1>Optional</element1> <List1> Optional List Of Elements </List1> <List2> Required List Of Elements </List2> </object> </root> Into public class Object() { public string Attribute1; public string Attribute2; public string Element1; public string Element2; public List<ListItem1> List1; public List<ListItem2> List2; } In a more LINQ friendly way than this: public bool ParseXDocument(string xml) { XNamespace xn = "somenamespace"; XDocument document = XDocument.Parse(xml); XElement elementRoot = description.Element(xn + "root"); if (elementRoot != null) { //Get Object Element XElement elementObject = elementRoot.Element(xn + "object"); if(elementObject != null) { if(elementObject.Attribute(xn + "attribute1") != null) { Attribute1 = elementObject.Attribute(xn + "attribute1"); } if(elementObject.Attribute(xn + "attribute2") != null) { Attribute2 = elementObject.Attribute(xn + "attribute2"); } else { //This is a required Attribute so return false return false; } //If, If/Elses get deeper and deeper for the next elements and lists etc.... } else { //Object is a required element so return false return false; } } else { //Root is a required element so return false return false; } return true; } Update: Just to clarify the ParseXDocument method is inside the "Object" class. Every time an xml document is received the Object class instance has some or all of it's values updated.

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• Improving performance for WRITE operation on Oracle DB in Java

  - by Lucky

  I've a typical scenario & need to understand best possible way to handle this, so here it goes - I'm developing a solution that will retrieve data from a remote SOAP based web service & will then push this data to an Oracle database on network. Also, this will be a scheduled task that will execute every 15 minutes. I've event queues on remote service that contains the INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE operations that have been done since last retrieval, & once I retrieve the events for last 15 minutes, it again add events for next retrieval. Now, its just pushing data to Oracle so all my interactions are INSERT & UPDATE statements. There are around 60 tables on Oracle with some of them having 100+ columns. Moreover, for every 15 minutes cycle there would be around 60-70 Inserts, 100+ Updates & 10-20 Deletes. This will be an executable jar file that will terminate after operation & will again start on next 15 minutes cycle. So, I need to understand how should I handle WRITE operations (best practices) to improve performance for this application as whole ? Current Test Code (on every cycle) - Connects to remote service to get events. Creates a connection with DB (single connection object). Identifies the type of operation (INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE) & table on which it is done. After above, calls the respective method based on type of operation & table. Uses Preparedstatement with positional parameters, & retrieves each column value from remote service & assigns that to statement parameters. Commits the statement & returns to get event class to process next event. Above is repeated till all the retrieved events are processed after which program closes & then starts on next cycle & everything repeats again. Thanks for help !

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• Single entity with single view or two views in mvc3 vs2010?

  - by user2905798

  I have the following entity model public class Employee { public int Employee ID{get;set;} public string employeename{get;set;} public datetime employeeDOb{get;set;} public datetime? employeeDateOfJoin{get;set;} public string empFamilyname{get;set;} public datetime empFamilyDob{get;set;} } here I have to design a view for collecting employee information and employee family information. Since I am working on already available data, where in empFamilyDob was not mandatory. But now it is being made mandatory, the previous data doesn't contain EmpFamilyDob. So naturally I have added this new property EmpFamilyDob to the Model and made it required through DataAnnotations. Now there are two set of views to be developed. 1. A view which simply allows to collect the employee information without employee family information. i.e, empFamilyName and EmpFamilyDob.--This view is used by the Hr section to insert empplyee details Since the empFamilyname and EmpFamilyDob being now made mandatory, some other section will edit the data and update the EmpFamilyName and EmpFamilyDob as and when the information about employee family details are received. I have action controller for CreateNew and Edit Which is being generated by using the default model. There are two user actions being performed. 1.When the user clicks the Create new -- he will be able to update only the Employee information 2.As and when the other section receives the employee family details they update the familyname and family date of birth. i.e, EmployeeFamilyname and EmployeFamilyDob. While creating new record the uses should be able to update employee information only and while editing the information he should be able to update the employeefamily information. Since I have a single view with most of these fields as required and not allowing null , How can I achieve this in a sincle view? I have recorrected the model like this public class Employee { public int Employee ID{get;set;} public string employeename{get;set;} public datetime employeeDOb{get;set;} public datetime? employeeDateOfJoin{get;set;} public string empFamilyname{get;set;} public datetime? empFamilyDob{get;set;} } Now by default I hope the createnew action would insert null value for empFamilyname(string datatype) and empFamilyDob . In the Edit action the user should be made to enter empFamilyname and empFamilyDob(mandatory). As there is every chance that the user might edit other information about the employee(like employeeDob) I don't want to go for partial views. Can you help me out with some illustration. Thanks in advance

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• Handling macro redefinition without modifying .h files ... C / C++ language

  - by user310119

  Background: Let assume that I have two header files a.h and b.h. a.h contains: #define VAR 1 b.h contains: #define VAR 2 Note: The name of both of the macro is same. Let say I have some file myFile.c which includes both of the header files i.e. a.h and b.h. When I try to access VAR, I get a redefinition error of VAR. In order to resolve this problem, I inserted #ifndef VAR statement in both a.h and b.h files to prevent this error. a.h file becomes #ifndef VAR #define VAR 1 #endif b.h file becomes #ifndef VAR #define VAR 2 #endif Note: The header file can contain multiple macros, not just one macro. Problem: Let's assume that a.h and b.h files are obtained from third party library. These files don't contain #ifndef VAR statement. I am not allowed to change their header files. Can I resolve macro 'VAR' redefinition error in myFile.c or myFile.cpp file which uses VAR macro? I know I #undef VAR can be used to undefine a macro VAR. How can I selectively include VAR later in my program? i.e. on line 10 of myFile.c code I should be able to refer to VAR definition from a.h file, on line 15 of my code I should be able to refer to VAR from b.h file and on line 18 again I should be able to refer to VAR from a.h file. In short, am I able to do macro polymorphism ? Given a name of header file, it should refer to macro definition present in that file. I thought of using namespace trick to resolve an issue. Define first header file in namespace first and second header file in namespace second. I tried defining two namespaces. First namespace contains #include a.h and second namespace contains b.h. However, namespace trick does not work with macro. When I tried to access firstns::VAR, compiler reports an error message. Can you please suggest some way?

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• SSH X11 not working

  - by azat

  I have a home and work computer, the home computer has a static IP address. If I ssh from my work computer to my home computer, the ssh connection works but X11 applications are not displayed. In my /etc/ssh/sshd_config at home: X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 X11UseLocalhost yes At work I have tried the following commands: xhost + home HOME_IP ssh -X home ssh -X HOME_IP ssh -Y home ssh -Y HOME_IP My /etc/ssh/ssh_config at work: Host * ForwardX11 yes ForwardX11Trusted yes My ~/.ssh/config at work: Host home HostName HOME_IP User azat PreferredAuthentications password ForwardX11 yes My ~/.Xauthority at work: -rw------- 1 azat azat 269 Jun 7 11:25 .Xauthority My ~/.Xauthority at home: -rw------- 1 azat azat 246 Jun 7 19:03 .Xauthority But it doesn't work After I make an ssh connection to home: $ echo $DISPLAY localhost:10.0 $ kate X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. kate: cannot connect to X server localhost:10.0 I use iptables at home, but I've allowed port 22. According to what I've read that's all I need. UPD. With -vvv ... debug2: callback start debug2: x11_get_proto: /usr/bin/xauth list :0 2/dev/null debug1: Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication spoofing. debug2: channel 1: request x11-req confirm 1 debug2: client_session2_setup: id 1 debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY debug2: channel 1: request pty-req confirm 1 ... When try to launch kate: debug1: client_input_channel_open: ctype x11 rchan 2 win 65536 max 16384 debug1: client_request_x11: request from 127.0.0.1 55486 debug2: fd 8 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: fd 8 is O_NONBLOCK debug1: channel 2: new [x11] debug1: confirm x11 debug2: X11 connection uses different authentication protocol. X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. debug2: X11 rejected 2 i0/o0 debug2: channel 2: read failed debug2: channel 2: close_read debug2: channel 2: input open - drain debug2: channel 2: ibuf empty debug2: channel 2: send eof debug2: channel 2: input drain - closed debug2: channel 2: write failed debug2: channel 2: close_write debug2: channel 2: output open - closed debug2: X11 closed 2 i3/o3 debug2: channel 2: send close debug2: channel 2: rcvd close debug2: channel 2: is dead debug2: channel 2: garbage collecting debug1: channel 2: free: x11, nchannels 3 debug3: channel 2: status: The following connections are open: #1 client-session (t4 r0 i0/0 o0/0 fd 5/6 cc -1) #2 x11 (t7 r2 i3/0 o3/0 fd 8/8 cc -1) # The same as above repeate about 7 times kate: cannot connect to X server localhost:10.0 UPD2 Please provide your Linux distribution & version number. Are you using a default GNOME or KDE environment for X or something else you customized yourself? azat:~$ kded4 -version Qt: 4.7.4 KDE Development Platform: 4.6.5 (4.6.5) KDE Daemon: $Id$ Are you invoking ssh directly on a command line from a terminal window? What terminal are you using? xterm, gnome-terminal, or? How did you start the terminal running in the X environment? From a menu? Hotkey? or ? From terminal emulator `yakuake` Manualy press `Ctrl + N` and write commands Can you run xeyes from the same terminal window where the ssh -X fails? `xeyes` - is not installed But `kate` or another kde app is running Are you invoking the ssh command as the same user that you're logged into the X session as? From the same user UPD3 I also download ssh sources, and using debug2() write why it's report that version is different It see some cookies, and one of them is empty, another is MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1

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• Long pause when accessing DFS namespace

  - by Matt

  We've recently migrated our Windows network to use DFS for shared files. DFS is working well, except for one annoying problem: users experience a significant delay when they try to access a DFS namespace that they have not accessed for some time. I have tried to troubleshoot the issue but have not had any success so far, and I was hoping someone here may have some pointers to help resolve the problem. Firstly, some background on our network: The network uses a Windows 2008 functional level Active Directory domain with two Windows 2008 DCs and two DNS servers (one on each of the DCs). The network is DNS only - no WINS. All computers are located at the same site and connected by Gigabit Ethernet. We have approximately 20 Domain-based DFS namespaces in Windows 2008 mode, and each DFS namespace has two Windows 2008 DFS namespace servers (the same two servers for all namespaces). All namespace servers are in FQDN mode and all folder targets are specified using their FQDN. All computers are up-to-date with Service Packs and patches. The actual folder targets (i.e. the SMB shares our DFS folders point to) are scattered across several file and application servers, all running Windows 2008 bar two application servers which run Windows 2003 R2, with no replication setup at all (e.g. all DFS folders currently only have one folder target). Some more detail on the problem: The namespace access delay is generally 1 - 10 seconds long and seems to occur when a particular computer has not accessed the requested namespace for approximately five minutes or more. For example, if the user has not accessed \\domain.name\namespace1\ for more than five minutes and attempts to access \\domain.name\namespace1\ via Windows Explorer, the Explorer window will freeze for 1 - 10 seconds before finally resuming and displaying the folders that exist in \\domain.name\namespace1. If they then close the Explorer window and attempt to access \\domain.name\namespace1\ again within five minutes the contents will be displayed almost instantly - if they wait longer than five minutes it will go through the 1 - 10 second pause again. Once "inside" the namespace everything is nice and snappy, it's just the initial connection to the namespace that is slow. The browsing delays seem to affect all variants of Windows that we use (Windows 2008 x64 SP2, Windows 2003 R2 x86 SP2, Windows XP Pro x86 SP3) - it is possibly a bit worse in Windows XP / 2003 than in Windows 2008, but I'm not sure if the difference isn't just psychological. Accessing the underlying folder targets directly exhibits no delay at all - i.e. if the SMB shares pointed to by DFS are accessed directly (bypassing DFS) then there is no pause. During trouble-shooting I noticed that the "Cache duration" for all of our DFS roots is set to 300 seconds - 5 minutes. Given that this is the same amount of time required to trigger the pause I assume that this caching is somehow related, although I am unsure exactly what is cached on the client and hence what needs to be looked up again after 5 minutes have elapsed. In trying to resolve the problem I have already tried / checked the following (without success): Run dcdiag on both Domain Controllers - no problems found Done some basic DNS server checks without finding any problems - I don't know how to check the DNS servers in detail, but I would add that the network is not exhibiting any other strange behavior that may point to a DNS problem Disabled Anti-virus on clients and servers Removing one of the namespace servers from a couple of namespaces - no difference So that's where I'm up to - and I'm out of ideas. Can anyone suggest what may be causing the delays and/or what I should be trying next?

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• Postfix/SMTPD Relay Access Denied when sending outside the network

  - by David

  I asked a very similar question some 4 or 5 months ago, but haven't tracked down a suitable answer. I decided to post a new question so that I can ... a) Post updated info b) post my most current postconf -n output When a user sends mail from inside the network (via webmail) to email addresses both inside and outside the network, the email is delivered. When a user with an email account on the system sends mail from outside the network, using the server as the relay, to addresses inside the network, the email is delivered. But [sometimes] when a user connects via SMTPD to send email to an external address, a Relay Access Denied error is returned: Feb 25 19:33:49 myers postfix/smtpd[8044]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from host-68-169-158-182.WISOLT2.epbfi.com[68.169.158.182]: 554 5.7.1 <host-68-169-158-182.WISOLT2.epbfi.com[68.169.158.182]>: Client host rejected: Access denied; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<my-computer-name> Feb 25 19:33:52 myers postfix/smtpd[8044]: disconnect from host-68-169-158-182.WISOLT2.epbfi.com[68.169.158.182] Sending this through Microsoft Outlook 2003 generates the above log. However, sending through my iPhone, with the exact same settings, goes through fine: Feb 25 19:37:18 myers postfix/qmgr[3619]: A2D861302C9: from=<[email protected]>, size=1382, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Feb 25 19:37:18 myers amavis[2799]: (02799-09) FWD via SMTP: <[email protected]> -> <[email protected]>,BODY=7BIT 250 2.0.0 Ok, id=02799-09, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as A2D861302C9 Feb 25 19:37:18 myers amavis[2799]: (02799-09) Passed CLEAN, [68.169.158.182] [68.169.158.182] <[email protected]> -> <[email protected]>, Message-ID: <[email protected]>, mail_id: yMLvzVQJloFV, Hits: -9.607, size: 897, queued_as: A2D861302C9, 6283 ms Feb 25 19:37:18 myers postfix/lmtp[8752]: 2ED3A1302C8: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=6.6, delays=0.25/0.01/0.19/6.1, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok, id=02799-09, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as A2D861302C9) Feb 25 19:37:18 myers postfix/qmgr[3619]: 2ED3A1302C8: removed Outgoing Settings on Outlook 2003 match the settings on my iPhone: SMTP server: mail.my-domain.com Username: My full email address Uses SSL Server Port 587 Now, here's postconf -n. I realize the "My Networks" Parameter is a bit nasty. I have these IP addresses in here for just this reason, as others have been complaining of this problem too: alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_maps = $alias_database append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix content_filter = amavisfeed:[127.0.0.1]:10024 daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 disable_vrfy_command = yes html_directory = no inet_interfaces = all mail_owner = postfix mail_spool_directory = /var/spool/mail mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq manpage_directory = /usr/share/man message_size_limit = 20480000 mydestination = $myhostname, localhost, localhost.$mydomain mydomain = my-domain.com myhostname = myers.my-domain.com mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8, 74.125.113.27, 74.125.82.49, 74.125.79.27, 209.85.161.0/24, 209.85.214.0/24, 209.85.216.0/24, 209.85.212.0/24, 209.85.160.0/24 myorigin = $myhostname newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/README_FILES receive_override_options = no_address_mappings recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = $mydestination sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail setgid_group = postdrop smtp_bind_address = my-primary-server's IP address smtpd_banner = mail.my-domain.com smtpd_helo_required = yes smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/mailserver/postfix.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/mailserver/private/postfix.pem smtpd_tls_loglevel = 3 smtpd_tls_received_header = no smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s smtpd_use_tls = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 554 virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-alias-maps.cf,mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-email2email.cf virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 virtual_mailbox_base = /var/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-domains.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual-mailbox-maps.cf virtual_minimum_uid = 5000 virtual_transport = dovecot virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 If anyone has any ideas and can help me finally solve this issue once and for all, I'd be eternally grateful.

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• Is there really a need for encryption to have true wireless security? [closed]

  - by Cawas

  I welcome better key-wording here, both on tags and title. I'm trying to conceive a free, open and secure network environment that would work anywhere, from big enterprises to small home networks of just 1 machine. I think since wireless Access Points are the most, if not only, true weak point of a Local Area Network (let's not consider every other security aspect of having internet) there would be basically two points to consider here: Having an open AP for anyone to use the internet through Leaving the whole LAN also open for guests to be able to easily read (only) files on it, and even a place to drop files on Considering these two aspects, once everything is done properly... What's the most secure option between having that, or having just an encrypted password-protected wifi? Of course "both" would seem "more secure". But it shouldn't actually be anything substantial. That's the question, but I think it may need more elaborating on. If you don't think so, please feel free to skip the next (long) part. Elaborating more on the two aspects ... I've always had the feeling using any kind of the so called "wireless security" methods is actually a bad design. I'm talking mostly about encrypting and pass-phrasing (which are actually two different concepts), since I won't even consider hiding SSID and mac filtering. I understand it's a natural way of thinking. With cable networking nobody can access the network unless they have access to the physical cable, so you're "secure" in the physical way. In a way, encrypting is for wireless what building walls is for the cables. And giving pass-phrases would be adding a door with a key. But the cabling without encryption is also insecure. If someone plugin all the data is right there. So, while I can see the use for encrypting data, I don't think it's a security measure in wireless networks. It's wasting resources for too little gain. I believe we should encrypt only sensitive data regardless of wires. That's already done with HTTPS, so I don't really need to encrypt my torrents, for instance. They're torrents, they are meant to be freely shared! As for using passwords, they should be added to the users, always. Not to wifi. For securing files, truly, best solution is backup. Sure all that doesn't happen that often, but I won't consider the most situations where people just don't care. I think there are enough situations where we actually use passwords on our OS users, so let's go with that in mind. I keep promoting the Fonera concept as an instance. It opens up a free wifi port, if you choose so, and anyone can connect to the internet through that, without having any access to your LAN. It also uses a QoS which will never let your bandwidth drop from that public usage. That's security, and it's open. But it's lacking the second aspect. I'll probably be bashed for promoting the non-usage of WPA 2 with AES or whatever, but I wanted to know from more experienced (super) users out there: what do you think?

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• Windows: what is the difference between DEP always on and DEP opt-out with no exceptions?

  - by Peter Mortensen

  What is the difference between DEP always on ("/NoExecute=AlwaysOn" in boot.ini) and DEP opt-out ( "/NoExecute=OptOut" in boot.ini) with no exceptions? "no exceptions" = empty list of programs for which DEP does not apply. DEP = Data Execution Prevention (hardware). One would expect it to work the same way, but it makes a difference for some applications. E.g. for all versions of UltraEdit 14 (14.2). It crashes at startup for DEP always on, at least on Microsoft Windows XP Professional Edition x64 edition. (2010-03-11: this problem has been fixed with UltraEdit 15.2 and later.) Update 1: I think this difference is caused by the backdoors that Microsoft has put into hardware DEP for OptOut, according to Fabrice Roux (see below). In the case of IrfanView, for which Steve Gibson observed the same difference as I did for UltraEdit (see below), the difference is caused by a non-DEP aware EXE packer (ASPack) that Microsoft coded a backdoor for. Is there a difference between Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 ? Is there a difference between 32 bit and 64 bit versions of Windows ? Sources: From [http://blog.fabriceroux.com/index.php/2007/02/26/hardware_dep_has_a_backdoor?blog=1], "Hardware DEP has a backdoor" by Fabrice Roux. 2007-02-26. "IrfanView was not using any trick to evade DEP ... Microsoft just coded a backdoor used only in OPTOUT. Bascially Microsoft checks the executable header for a section matching one of the 3 strings. If one these strings is found, DEP will be turned OFF for this application by windows. ... 'aspack', 'pcle', 'sforce'" From [http://www.grc.com/sn/sn-078.htm], by Steve Gibson. "I can’t find any documentation on Microsoft’s site anywhere, because we’re seeing a difference between always-on and opt-out. That is, you would imagine that always-on mode would be the same as opting out if you weren’t having any opt-out programs. It turns out it’s not the case. For example ... the IrfanView file viewer ... runs fine in opt-out mode, even if it has not been opted out. But it won’t launch, Windows blocks it from launching ... in always-on mode." From [http://www.grc.com/sn/sn-083.htm], by Steve Gibson. "... IrfanView ... won’t run with DEP turned on. It’s because it uses an EXE packer, an executable compression program called ASPack. And it makes sense that it wouldn’t because naturally an executable compressor has got to decompress the executable, so it allocates a bunch of data memory into which it decompresses the compressed executable, and then it runs it. Well, it’s running a data allocation, which is exactly what DEP is designed to stop. On the other hand, UPX, which is actually the leading and most popular EXE compressor, it’s DEP- compatible because those guys realized, hey, when we allocate this memory, we should mark the pages as executable."

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• shell script over SSH ends unexpectedly after running 'ant build'

  - by YShin

  I wrote a shell script that runs on remote host to build source code with 'ant build' command, and then distribute the built binary to other servers. However, right after Ant build is over successfully(I can see the command line output saying Build was successful), the ssh session ends and whatever commands after 'ant build' does not get executed. I'm confused what might be cause of this behavior. I suspected that it might be because the 'ant build' command takes too long time, and SSH somehow quits itself after that long command. But I don't think that's correct since if I just do 'sleep 60' in place of 'ant build' command, it actually execute latter commands as intended. I'm new at shell programming, so I might have made some silly misassumption. Can someone provide a pointer to a possible cause of this problem? My shell script #!/bin/bash # Inject some variables ssh -T $SSH_USER@$SSH_URL "setenv REMOTE_BASE_DIR $REMOTE_BASE_DIR; setenv CASSANDRA_SRC_TAR_FILE $CASSANDRA_SRC_TAR_FILE; setenv CASSANDRA_SRC_DIR_NAME $CASSANDRA_SRC_DIR_NAME; setenv CLUSTER_SIZE $CLUSTER_SIZE; setenv REMOTE_REDEPLOY_SCRIPT $REMOTE_REDEPLOY_SCRIPT; /bin/bash" << 'EOF' export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0 cd $REMOTE_BASE_DIR/$CASSANDRA_SRC_DIR_NAME echo "## Building Cassandra source" ant clean build # Anything after this doesn't run echo "## Ant Build is over. Invoking redeploy script on remote nodes" # Invoke redeploy script for each node for (( i=0; i < CLUSTER_SIZE; i++)) do echo "## Invoking redeploy script on node-$i" done Command-line output ## Building Cassandra source Buildfile: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build.xml clean: [delete] Deleting directory /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/test [delete] Deleting directory /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/classes [delete] Deleting directory /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/gen-java [delete] Deleting directory /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/resources/org/apache/cassandra/config init: [mkdir] Created dir: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/classes/main [mkdir] Created dir: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/classes/thrift [mkdir] Created dir: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/test/lib [mkdir] Created dir: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/test/classes [mkdir] Created dir: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/gen-java maven-ant-tasks-localrepo: maven-ant-tasks-download: maven-ant-tasks-init: maven-declare-dependencies: maven-ant-tasks-retrieve-build: init-dependencies: [echo] Loading dependency paths from file: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/build-dependencies.xml check-gen-cli-grammar: gen-cli-grammar: [echo] Building Grammar /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/cli/Cli.g .... check-gen-cql2-grammar: gen-cql2-grammar: [echo] Building Grammar /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/cql/Cql.g ... check-gen-cql3-grammar: gen-cql3-grammar: [echo] Building Grammar /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/cql3/Cql.g ... build-project: [echo] apache-cassandra: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build.xml [javac] Compiling 43 source files to /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/classes/thrift [javac] Note: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/interface/thrift/gen-java/org/apache/cassandra/thrift/Cassandra.java uses or overrides a deprecated API. [javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details. [javac] Note: Some input files use unchecked or unsafe operations. [javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details. [javac] Compiling 865 source files to /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/classes/main [javac] Note: Some input files use or override a deprecated API. [javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details. [javac] Note: Some input files use unchecked or unsafe operations. [javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details. createVersionPropFile: [mkdir] Created dir: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/resources/org/apache/cassandra/config [propertyfile] Creating new property file: /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/src/resources/org/apache/cassandra/config/version.properties [copy] Copying 3 files to /scratch/ISS/shin14/repos/apache-cassandra-2.0.8-src-0713/build/classes/main build: BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 32 seconds

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• DHCPDISCOVER requests from an off-by-one MAC address

  - by Aleksandr Levchuk

  In a Linux DHCP server I'm getting a bunch of these log lines: dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:30:48:fe:5c:9c via eth1: network 192.168.2.0/24: no free leases I don't have any machines with 00:30:48:fe:5c:9c and I don't intend to give out an IP to 00:30:48:fe:5c:9c (whatever that could be). I tracked down the server that this is coming from and killed all the DHCP clients that were running but the DHCPDISCOVER requests do not stop. I can prove that this is the sending server by pulling the Ethernet cable - the requests stop. The strange thing is that the sending server only has 2 interfaces which are: 00:30:48:fe:5c:9a 00:30:48:fe:5c:9b What can be the cause of the off-by-one address? Who could be sending the requests? Details On the DHCP client: root@n34:~# ip link 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 100 link/ether 00:30:48:fe:5c:9a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: eth1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 00:30:48:fe:5c:9b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: ib0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 2044 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 256 link/infiniband 80:00:00:48:fe:80:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:02:c9:03:00:08:81:9f brd 00:ff:ff:ff:ff:12:40:1b:ff:ff:00:00:00:00:00:00:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: ib1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 2044 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 256 link/infiniband 80:00:00:49:fe:80:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:02:c9:03:00:08:81:a0 brd 00:ff:ff:ff:ff:12:40:1b:ff:ff:00:00:00:00:00:00:ff:ff:ff:ff Same info: root@n34:~# ifconfig -a eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:48:fe:5c:9a inet addr:192.168.2.234 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::230:48ff:fefe:5c9a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:72544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:152773 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:4908592 (4.6 MiB) TX bytes:89815782 (85.6 MiB) Memory:dfd60000-dfd80000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:30:48:fe:5c:9b UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Memory:dfde0000-dfe00000 ib0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 80-00-00-48-FE-80-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:2044 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:256 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) ib1 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 80-00-00-49-FE-80-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:192.168.3.234 Bcast:192.168.3.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::202:c903:8:81a0/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:2044 Metric:1 RX packets:1330 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:255 errors:0 dropped:5 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:256 RX bytes:716415 (699.6 KiB) TX bytes:17584 (17.1 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:560 (560.0 B) TX bytes:560 (560.0 B) The nodes were imaged with Perseus which uses kexec instead of rebooting.

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• Does likewise-open > version 5.4 contain CIFS support?

  - by Ben Andken

  I'm trying to get the CIFS server working in likewise-open. I've found this set of instructions and everything seems to work until I try to connect ([url]http://www.likewise.com/resources/documentation_library/manuals/cifs/likewise-cifs-smb-file-server-guide.html#id2765992):[/url] 1.6. Build and Configure a Standalone Likewise-CIFS Server This section demonstrates how to build and configure a standalone instance of Likewise-CIFS from the command line. The following procedure assumes that you want to set up Likewise-CIFS on a Linux server to share files with Windows computers in a network without Active Directory. This procedure also assumes you know how to build Linux applications from their source code and then install them. Download Likewise-CIFS from its open source git location: $ git clone git://git.likewiseopen.org/ Download, build, and install the following tools. The tools listed are known to work, but earlier or later versions might work as well. Also, instead of downloading the tools, you might be able to install them on your platform with apt-get or some other means. http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/autoconf/autoconf-2.65.tar.gz http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/automake/automake-1.9.6.tar.gz http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libtool/libtool-2.2.6a.tar.gz http://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/pkg-config-0.23.tar.gz gcc --version 3.x or greater Build Likewise-CIFS: $ cd likewise-open $ build/mkcomp --debug all Install Likewise-CIFS: $ sudo su $ cd staging/install-root $ tar cf - . | (cd / && tar xvf -) Make sure Samba is not running: $ /etc/init.d/smb stop Make sure SELinux is either disabled or set to permissive. Make sure the ports required by Likewise are open. For a list of ports that Likewise uses, see the Likewise Open Installation and Administration Guide. Configure Likewise Open: $ /etc/init.d/lwsmd start $ for i in /etc/likewise/*.reg; do /opt/likewise/bin/lwregshell upgrade $i; done $ /etc/init.d/lwsmd stop $ /etc/init.d/lwsmd start $ /opt/likewise/bin/lwsm start srvsvc $ /opt/likewise/bin/domainjoin-cli configure --enable nsswitch Add a user account to the local Likewise provider database. In the following example, substitute the account name that you want for newuser. $ /opt/likewise/bin/lw-add-user --home /home/newuser --shell /bin/bash newuser Successfully added user newuser Enable the user and set the password: $ /opt/likewise/bin/lw-mod-user --enable-user --set-password newuser New Password: ********** Successfully modified user newuser Look up new user's identity as follows. Substitute the value from the command hostname -s for the hostname. Keep in mind that Likewise truncates a hostname longer than 15 characters to the first 15 characters of the string. % id hostname\\newuser uid=2000(HOSTNAME\newuser) gid=1800(HOSTNAME\Likewise Users) groups=1800(HOSTNAME\Likewise Users) context=system_u:system_r:unconfined_t:s0 Make a CIFS directory for the user: mkdir /lwcifs/newuser chown 2000:1800 /lwcifs/newuser From a Windows computer, map the Likewise-CIFS drive share: Computer->Map Network Drive... Folder: \\IP_hostname\c$ Click "Finish" Username: hostname\newuser Password: user_password The last step fails when I try to connect. I've tried with Windows XP Pro and Windows 7 Pro. The rest of the directions only appear to work for version 5.4 (the one that shipped with 10.04). For 12.04, version 6.1 is the only one available and it doesn't appear to have the srvsvc module mentioned in these instructions. Is CIFS support dropped in the 6.1 version of likewise-open?

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• How to load the environment variables at boot time before X11 on Ubuntu Precise?

  - by Fnux

  Using Ubuntu Precise 64 bit, I'm facing a problem that I'm unable to solve and that I'll try to describe below: I'm using a console mode program (let's say abc) that uses Go, NodeJS, Java and Scala. In order for abc to work with these languages, I've to declare the following statements: a) within /etc/environment: PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin" CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:/usr/share/java/scala-library.jar b) within /etc/login.defs ENV_SUPATH PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin ENV_PATH PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin c) a) within /etc/sudoers: `# env_reset Defaults secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin"` Then, when I start abc from a terminal, all is fine and I can use any of the 4 languages described above. However, if I put a script within /etc/init.d that starts abc during the boot process (i.e. before to start the GUI), using Java from abc still is fine, but using Go, NodeJS or Scala doesn't work anymore. Then, I guess that during the boot process, the script within /etc/init.d that starts abc is executed before that the different environment variables set within /etc/sudoers, /etc/environment and /etc/login.defs are loaded. So, my question is: how to force the environment variables to be loaded before that my script starting abc is launched? Any help and advice on this topic would be trully appreciated. TIA. Cheers. Thanks again to Mark and Danila. Below is the current "abc" script file that I put within /etc/init.d `#! /bin/sh ### EDIT: ADD THIS VARS DEFINITIONS: PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin" CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:/usr/share/java/scala-library.jar "ENV_SUPATH PATH"="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin" "ENV_PATH PATH"="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin" "Defaults secure_path"="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin" ##### EXPORT this VARS so they are accessible to children:" export "PATH" "CLASSPATH" "ENV_SUPATH PATH" "ENV_PATH PATH" "Defaults secure_path" `### BEGIN INIT INFO `# Provides: abc `# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog `# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog `# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 `# Default-Stop: 0 1 6 `# Short-Description: abc initscript `# Description: This iniscript starts and stops abc `### END INIT INFO `# Author: Fnux, fnux.fl at gmail dot com `# Version: 1.2 `# Note: (edit ABC_PATH if abc isn't installed in /opt/abc) NAME=abc ABC_PATH=/opt/abc START="-d" STOP="-k" VERSION="-v" SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME STARTMESG="\nStarting abc in deamon mode." UPMESG="\n$NAME is running." DOWNMESG="\n$NAME is not running." STATUS=`pidof $NAME` `# Exit if abc is not installed [ -x "$ABC_PATH/$NAME" ] || exit 0 case "$1" in start) echo $STARTMESG cd $ABC_PATH ./$NAME $START ;; stop) cd $ABC_PATH ./$NAME $STOP ;; status) if [ "$STATUS" > 0 ] ; then echo $UPMESG else echo $DOWNMESG fi ;; restart) cd $ABC_PATH ./$NAME $STOP echo $STARTMESG ./$NAME $START ;; version) cd $ABC_PATH ./$NAME $VERSION ;; *) echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|status|restart|stop|version}" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac : So, where and how should I write the needed environment variables for: a) Go needs the following statements (ie: PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin" ENV_SUPATH PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin ENV_PATH PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin `# env_reset Defaults secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/go/bin") b) and Scala needs this one: (ie CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:/usr/share/java/scala-library.jar). TIA for an explanation how to do so. Cheers.

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• Network authentication + roaming home directory - which technology should I look into using?

  - by Brian

  I'm looking into software which provides a user with a single identity across multiple computers. That is, a user should have the same permissions on each computer, and the user should have access to all of his or her files (roaming home directory) on each computer. There seem to be many solutions for this general idea, but I'm trying to determine the best one for me. Here are some details along with requirements: The network of machines are Amazon EC2 instances running Ubuntu. We access the machines with SSH. Some machines on this LAN may have different uses, but I am only discussing machines for a certain use (running a multi-tenancy platform). The system will not necessarily have a constant amount of machines. We may have to permanently or temporarily alter the amount of machines running. This is the the reason why I'm looking into centralized authentication/storage. The implementation of this effect should be a secure one. We're unsure if users will have direct shell access, but their software will potentially be running (under restricted Linux user names, of course) on our systems, which is as good as direct shell access. Let's assume that their software could potentially be malicious for the sake of security. I have heard of several technologies/combinations to achieve my goal, but I'm unsure of the ramifications of each. An older ServerFault post recommended NFS & NIS, though the combination has security problems according to this old article by Symantec. The article suggests moving to NIS+, but, as it is old, this Wikipedia article has cited statements suggesting a trending away from NIS+ by Sun. The recommended replacement is another thing I have heard of... LDAP. It looks like LDAP can be used to save user information in a centralized location on a network. NFS would still need to be used to cover the 'roaming home folder' requirement, but I see references of them being used together. Since the Symantec article pointed out security problems in both NIS and NFS, is there software to replace NFS, or should I heed that article's suggestions for locking it down? I'm tending toward LDAP because another fundamental piece of our architecture, RabbitMQ, has a authentication/authorization plugin for LDAP. RabbitMQ will be accessible in a restricted manner to users on the system, so I would like to tie the security systems together if possible. Kerberos is another secure authentication protocol that I have heard of. I learned a bit about it some years ago in a cryptography class but don't remember much about it. I have seen suggestions online that it can be combined with LDAP in several ways. Is this necessary? What are the security risks of LDAP without Kerberos? I also remember Kerberos being used in another piece of software developed by Carnegie Mellon University... Andrew File System, or AFS. OpenAFS is available for use, though its setup seems a bit complicated. At my university, AFS provides both requirements... I can log in to any machine, and my "AFS folder" is always available (at least when I acquire an AFS token). Along with suggestions for which path I should look into, does anybody have any guides which were particularly helpful? As the bold text pointed out, LDAP looks to be the best choice, but I'm particularly interested in the implementation details (Keberos? NFS?) with respect to security.

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• Windows 7 .NET 3.5.1 - 2.0 Slightly Corrupted, How to Repair?

  - by Quinxy von Besiex

  My Windows 7 included .NET installation (3.5 to 2.0) appears very slightly and particularly corrupted and I am trying to fix it without reinstalling Windows or trying to revert to backups. Everything was working and then my hard drive started corrupting a few files and checkdisk found bad clusters so I imaged the drive to a new one. As soon as I booted on the new drive everything worked except programs which call the System.Net.NetworkInformation methods within .NET 3.5 to 2.0 (like Ping() and IsNetworkAvailable()), which immediately crash the app in which the calls are (those calls in .NET 4.0 works fine). Those methods are found inside System.dll, and I assume call native methods which I believe are inside winnsi.dll or iphlpapi.dll or something else (I've not found this yet); I assume it calls native methods because the exception which causes the crash is Fatal Execution Engine Error which people mention is usually related to calling native methods and marshaling data between them. A huge clue about the culprit is likely found in the fact that when I launch the exact same crashing application through a code profiler (which executes the exe and captures stats on which methods took the longest) the app works fine, no crash at all! How could running it within the profiler work and running it outside not work? That seems the key to the mystery. I've used procmon to catch all the registry, filesystem, and network events from the crashing execution and the profiler-run successful execution and compared the two outputs but didn't learn much (I see the moment at which the non-profiled app crashes, but up until then they behave the same, loaded the same modules, ). The only big difference seems to be that at the moment before the app crash the profiler-executed code creates 4-6 new threads and the directly executed code only creates 1-2. I have diffed the files/directories which seemed most relevant (the .NET stuff under Windows and Program Files) pre- and post- disk trouble and seen no changes where I didn't expect any (no obvious file corruption). I have diffed the software and system registry hives pre- and post- disk trouble and seen no changes which seemed relevant. I have created a new user account and cleaned up any environment variables in case environment was related. No change. I did "sfc /scannow" and it found no integrity problems. I tried "ngen update" to regenerate pre-compiled code in case I missed something that might be damaged and nothing changed. I assume I need to repair my .NET installation but because Windows 7 included .NET 3.5 - 2.0 you can't just re-run a .NET installer to redo it. I do not have access to the Windows disks to try to re-install Windows over itself (the computer has a recovery partition but it is unusable); also the drive uses a whole-disk encryption solution and re-installing would be difficult. I absolutely do not want to start from scratch here and install a fresh Windows, reinstall dozens of software packages, try and remember dozens of development-related customizations/etc. Given all that... does anyone have any helpful advice? I need .NET 3.5 - 2.0 working as I am a developer and need to build and test against it. Thanks! Quinxy

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• xrandr shows two displays (LVDS1), but how can I use VGA1 only?

  - by Tom Fishman

  We're running Ubuntu 11 on this hardware: Foxconn R20-D2 Intel Atom D510 Intel NM10 Intel GMA 3150 Barebone There is no integrated display (it is a barebone box). I connected an external VGA to it. However xrandr shows two displays: Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1024 x 768, maximum 4096 x 4096 LVDS1 connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm 1024x768 60.0*+ 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA1 connected 1024x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 519mm x 324mm 1920x1200 60.0 + 1600x1200 60.0 1680x1050 60.0 1280x1024 76.0 75.0 72.0 60.0 1440x900 75.0 59.9 1152x864 75.0 1024x768 75.1 70.1 60.0* 832x624 74.6 800x600 72.2 75.0 60.3 640x480 72.8 75.0 66.7 60.0 720x400 70.1 But I don't have two displays. How can I get rid of LVDS1 and use only VGA1? The direct result is that I'm seeing a 1024x768 resolution on my VGA display, because the OS is using "mirror" mode which uses the lower resolution of the two. Turning off the mirror is not a solution. I want to fix it. Related logs: ... [ 20.019] (II) intel(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section "Default Screen Section" for depth/fbbpp 24/32 [ 20.019] (==) intel(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32 [ 20.019] (==) intel(0): RGB weight 888 [ 20.019] (==) intel(0): Default visual is TrueColor [ 20.019] (II) intel(0): Integrated Graphics Chipset: Intel(R) Pineview G [ 20.019] (--) intel(0): Chipset: "Pineview G" [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Relaxed fencing enabled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Wait on SwapBuffers? enabled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Triple buffering? enabled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Framebuffer tiled [ 20.019] (**) intel(0): Pixmaps tiled [ 20.020] (**) intel(0): 3D buffers tiled [ 20.020] (**) intel(0): SwapBuffers wait enabled [ 20.020] (==) intel(0): video overlay key set to 0x101fe [ 20.020] (II) intel(0): Output LVDS1 has no monitor section [ 20.020] (II) intel(0): found backlight control interface /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight [ 20.080] (II) intel(0): Output VGA1 has no monitor section [ 20.080] (II) intel(0): EDID for output LVDS1 [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "320x240" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "400x300" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "400x300" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.081] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "512x384" (doublescan mode not supported) ... [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Not using default mode "960x600" (doublescan mode not supported) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Printing probed modes for output LVDS1 [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "1024x768"x60.0 65.00 1024 1048 1184 1344 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync (48.4 kHz) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "800x600"x60.3 40.00 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628 +hsync +vsync (37.9 kHz) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "800x600"x56.2 36.00 800 824 896 1024 600 601 603 625 +hsync +vsync (35.2 kHz) [ 20.082] (II) intel(0): Modeline "640x480"x59.9 25.18 640 656 752 800 480 490 492 525 -hsync -vsync (31.5 kHz) [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): EDID for output VGA1 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): Manufacturer: BNQ Model: 771b Serial#: 6595 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): Year: 2008 Week: 16 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): EDID Version: 1.3 [ 20.149] (II) intel(0): Analog Display Input, Input Voltage Level: 0.700/0.700 V ... [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Modeline "640x480"x60.0 25.20 640 656 752 800 480 490 492 525 -hsync -vsync (31.5 kHz) [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Modeline "720x400"x70.1 28.32 720 738 846 900 400 412 414 449 -hsync +vsync (31.5 kHz) [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output LVDS1 connected [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output VGA1 connected [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Using exact sizes for initial modes [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output LVDS1 using initial mode 1024x768 [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Output VGA1 using initial mode 1024x768 [ 20.152] (II) intel(0): Using default gamma of (1.0, 1.0, 1.0) unless otherwise stated. ...

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• Varnish cached 'MISS status' object?

  - by Hesey

  My site uses nginx, varnish, jboss. And some url will be cached by varnish, it depends a response header from jboss. The first time, jboss tells varnish doesn't cache this url. Then the second request, jboss tells varnish to cache, but varnish won't cache it. I used varnishstat and found that 1 object is cached in Varnish, is that the 'MISS status' object? I remove grace code and the problem still exists. When I PURGE this url, varnish works fine and cache the url then. But I can't PURGE so much urls every startup time, how can I fix this? The configuration: acl local { "localhost"; } backend default { .host = "localhost"; .port = "8080"; .probe = { .url = "/preload.htm"; .interval = 3s; .timeout = 1s; .window = 5; .threshold = 3; } } sub vcl_deliver { if (req.request == "PURGE") { remove resp.http.X-Varnish; remove resp.http.Via; remove resp.http.Age; remove resp.http.Content-Type; remove resp.http.Server; remove resp.http.Date; remove resp.http.Accept-Ranges; remove resp.http.Connection; set resp.http.keeplive="true"; } else { if (obj.hits > 0) { set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT"; } else { set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS"; } } } sub vcl_recv { if(req.url ~ "/check.htm"){ error 404 "N"; } if( req.http.host ~ "store." || req.request == "POST"){ return (pipe); } if (req.backend.healthy) { set req.grace = 30s; } else { set req.grace = 10m; } set req.http.x-cacheKey = "0"; if(req.url ~ "/shop/view_shop.htm" || req.url ~ "/shop/viewShop.htm" || req.url ~ "/index.htm"){ if(req.url ~ "search=y"){ set req.http.x-cacheKey = req.http.host + "/search.htm"; }else if(req.url !~ "bbs=y" && req.url !~ "shopIntro=y" && req.url !~ "shop_intro=y"){ set req.http.x-cacheKey = req.http.host + "/index.htm"; } }else if(req.url ~ "/search"){ set req.http.x-cacheKey = req.http.host + "/search.htm"; } if( req.http.x-cacheKey == "0" && req.url !~ "/i/"){ return (pipe); } if (req.request == "PURGE") { if (client.ip ~ local) { return (lookup); } else { error 405 "Not allowed."; } } if (req.url ~ "/i/") { set req.http.x-shop-url = req.original_url; }else { unset req.http.cookie; } } sub vcl_fetch { set beresp.grace = 10m; #unset beresp.http.x-cacheKey; if (req.url ~ "/i/" || req.url ~ "status" ){ set beresp.ttl = 0s; /* ttl=0 for dynamic content */ } else if(beresp.http.x-varnish-cache != "1"){ set beresp.do_esi = true; /* Do ESI processing */ set beresp.ttl = 0s; unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } else { set beresp.do_esi = true; /* Do ESI processing */ set beresp.ttl = 1800s; unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } } sub vcl_hash { hash_data(req.http.x-cacheKey); return (hash); } sub vcl_error { if (req.request == "PURGE") { return (deliver); } else { set obj.http.Content-Type = "text/html; charset=gbk"; synthetic {"<!--ve-->"}; return (deliver); } } sub vcl_hit { if (req.request == "PURGE") { set obj.ttl = 0s; error 200 "Purged."; } } sub vcl_miss { if (req.request == "PURGE") { error 404 "N"; } }

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• How to publish an ASP.NET MVC application to a free host

  - by Lirik

  Hi, I'm using a free web host (0000free) which supports ASP.NET MVC, but it uses Mono. This is the first time I deploy an MVC application, so I'm a little confused as to where I need to deploy it. I have Visual Studio 2010 and I used its Publish Feature (i.e. right click on the project name and click publish) and I tried several things: Publish method: FTP to the root folder. Publish method: FTP to the publich_html folder. Publish method: File System to the root folder. Publish method: File System to the publich_html folder. Publish method: File System to a local directory on my computer and then FTP to root and also tried the public_html folder. I went into the cPanel (control panel) to try and see if ASP.NET has to be added/enabled for my web site, but I didn't see anything there. I can't browse to Index.aspx nor can I redirect to it from index.html (as suggested from other posts on the host forum), right now I have a link from index.html to Index.aspx but it's not working either (see http://www.mydevarmy.com) I've also tried renaming Index.aspx to Default.aspx, but that doesn't work either. The search utility of the forum of the host is somewhat weak, so I use google to search their forum: http://www.google.com/search?q=publish+asp.net+site%3A0000free.com%2Fforum%2F&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a I've been reading Pro ASP.NET MVC Framework and they have a chapter about publishing, but it doesn't provide any specific information with respect to the location of publishing, this is all they say (and it's not very helpful in my case): Where Should I Put My Application? You can deploy your application to any folder on the server. When IIS first installs, it automatically creates a folder for a web site called Default Web Site at c:\Inetpub\wwwroot\, but you shouldn’t feel any obligation to put your application files there. It’s very common to host applications on a different physical drive from the operating system (e.g., in e:\websites\ example.com). It’s entirely up to you, and may be influenced by concerns such as how you plan to back up the server. Here is the exception I get when I try to view my Index.aspx page: Unrecognized attribute 'targetFramework'. (/home/devarmy/public_html/Web.config line 1) Description: HTTP 500. Error processing request. Stack Trace: System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException: Unrecognized attribute 'targetFramework'. (/home/devarmy/public_html/Web.config line 1) at System.Configuration.ConfigurationElement.DeserializeElement (System.Xml.XmlReader reader, Boolean serializeCollectionKey) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationSection.DoDeserializeSection (System.Xml.XmlReader reader) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationSection.DeserializeSection (System.Xml.XmlReader reader) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Configuration.Configuration.GetSectionInstance (System.Configuration.SectionInfo config, Boolean createDefaultInstance) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Configuration.ConfigurationSectionCollection.get_Item (System.String name) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Configuration.Configuration.GetSection (System.String path) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.GetSection (System.String sectionName, System.String path, System.Web.HttpContext context) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.GetSection (System.String sectionName, System.String path) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.Configuration.WebConfigurationManager.GetWebApplicationSection (System.String sectionName) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.get_CompilationConfig () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.Build (System.Web.VirtualPath vp) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetCompiledType (System.Web.VirtualPath virtualPath) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetCompiledType (System.String virtualPath) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0 at System.Web.HttpApplicationFactory.InitType (System.Web.HttpContext context) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0

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• install python2.7.3 + numpy + scipy + matplotlib + scikits.statsmodels + pandas0.7.3 correctly

  - by boldnik

  ...using Linux (xubuntu). How to install python2.7.3 + numpy + scipy + matplotlib + scikits.statsmodels + pandas0.7.3 correctly ? My final aim is to have them working. The problem: ~$ python --version Python 2.7.3 so i already have a system-default 2.7.3, which is good! ~$ dpkg -s python-numpy Package: python-numpy Status: install ok installed and i already have numpy installed! great! But... ~$ python Python 2.7.3 (default, Oct 23 2012, 01:07:38) [GCC 4.6.1] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import numpy as nmp Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: No module named numpy this module couldn't be find by python. The same with scipy, matplotlib. Why? ~$ sudo apt-get install python-numpy [...] Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done python-numpy is already the newest version. [...] why it does not see numpy and others ? update: >>> import sys >>> print sys.path ['', '/usr/local/lib/python27.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages'] >>> so i do have /usr/local/lib/python2.7 ~$ pip freeze Warning: cannot find svn location for distribute==0.6.16dev-r0 BzrTools==2.4.0 CDApplet==1.0 [...] matplotlib==1.0.1 mutagen==1.19 numpy==1.5.1 [...] pandas==0.7.3 papyon==0.5.5 [...] pytz==2012g pyxdg==0.19 reportlab==2.5 scikits.statsmodels==0.3.1 scipy==0.11.0 [...] zope.interface==3.6.1 as you can see, those modules are already installed! But! ls -la /usr/local/lib/ gives ONLY python2.7 dir. And still ~$ python -V Python 2.7.3 and import sys sys.version '2.7.3 (default, Oct 23 2012, 01:07:38) \n[GCC 4.6.1]' updated: Probably I've missed another instance... One at /usr/Python-2.7.3/ and second (seems to be installed "by hands" far far ago) at /usr/python2.7.3/Python-2.7.3/ But how two identical versions can work at the same time??? Probably, one of them is "disabled" (not used by any program, but I don't know how to check if any program uses it). ~$ ls -la /usr/bin/python* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2011-11-01 11:11 /usr/bin/python -> python2.7 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2476800 2012-09-28 19:48 /usr/bin/python2.6 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1452 2012-09-28 19:45 /usr/bin/python2.6-config -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2586060 2012-07-21 01:42 /usr/bin/python2.7 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1652 2012-07-21 01:40 /usr/bin/python2.7-config lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 2011-10-05 23:53 /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.2 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 2011-09-06 02:04 /usr/bin/python3.2 -> python3.2mu -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2852896 2011-09-06 02:04 /usr/bin/python3.2mu lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 2011-10-08 19:50 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2.7-config there is a symlink python-python2.7, maybe I can ln -f -s this link to exact /usr/Python-2.7.3/python destination without harm ?? And how correctly to remove the 'copy' of 2.7.3?

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