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• XRDP: window manager not starting

  - by niboshi

  I have setup my Ubuntu server so that I can connect and login to XRDP from Windows remote desktop. My problem is that after logging in, no window-manager is started. It only displays a single gnome-terminal with no border and gray meshed background. It seems that /usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman itself is running (from observation of ps and /var/run/xrdp/xrdp-sesman.pid). I put debugging line like touch /home/myname/aaaaa into ~/startwm.sh or /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh, but the file aaaaa did not generated after logging in, so these scripts have not been executed. (Both of them have chmod +x permission.) Am I missing some configuration file, or is there any way of further inspection? Any help is appreciated. Thanks. Contents of /etc/xrdp/sesman.ini [Globals] ListenAddress=127.0.0.1 ListenPort=3350 EnableUserWindowManager=0 # or 1 UserWindowManager=startwm.sh DefaultWindowManager=startwm.sh # or commented-out [Security] AllowRootLogin=1 MaxLoginRetry=4 TerminalServerUsers=tsusers TerminalServerAdmins=tsadmins [Sessions] MaxSessions=10 KillDisconnected=0 IdleTimeLimit=0 DisconnectedTimeLimit=0 [Logging] LogFile=/var/log/xrdp-sesman.log LogLevel=DEBUG EnableSyslog=0 SyslogLevel=DEBUG [X11rdp] param1=-bs param2=-ac param3=-nolisten param4=tcp [Xvnc] param1=-bs param2=-ac param3=-nolisten param4=tcp Contents of /var/log/xrdp-sesman.log after logging in: [20120402-21:29:34] [CORE ] starting sesman with pid 11064 [20120402-21:29:34] [INFO ] listening... [20120402-21:29:39] [INFO ] scp thread on sck 7 started successfully [20120402-21:29:39] [INFO ] granted TS access to user myname [20120402-21:29:39] [INFO ] starting Xvnc session... [20120402-21:29:40] [INFO ] starting xrdp-sessvc - xpid=11074 - wmpid=11073 [20120402-21:29:49] [INFO ] session 11072 - user myname- terminated Process tree Below is a part of ps aufx output during xrdp session: xrdp 12344 0.0 0.4 22856 8732 ? Sl Apr02 0:01 /usr/sbin/xrdp root 12346 0.0 0.0 15672 2000 ? S Apr02 0:00 /usr/sbin/xrdp-sesman root 24346 0.0 0.0 3780 872 ? S 00:00 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/xrdp-sessvc 24348 24347 myname 24347 0.4 0.6 76468 13700 ? Sl 00:00 0:14 \_ gnome-terminal myname 24362 0.0 0.0 2220 716 ? S 00:00 0:00 | \_ gnome-pty-helper myname 24363 0.0 0.2 6912 5268 pts/13 Ss 00:00 0:00 | \_ bash myname 27902 0.0 0.0 2824 1096 pts/13 R+ 00:53 0:00 | \_ ps aufx myname 24348 0.0 0.9 24984 19216 ? S 00:00 0:01 \_ Xvnc :18 -geometry 1920x1080 -depth 24 -rfbauth /home/myname/.vnc/sesman_myname_passwd -bs -ac -nolisten tcp root 24349 0.0 0.0 16596 1304 ? Sl 00:00 0:00 \_ xrdp-chansrv Environment Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric xrdp version: 0.5.0~20100303cvs-6ubuntu2

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• Best available technology for layered disk cache in linux

  - by SpliFF

  I've just bought a 6-core Phenom with 16G of RAM. I use it primarily for compiling and video encoding (and occassional web/db). I'm finding all activities get disk-bound and I just can't keep all 6 cores fed. I'm buying an SSD raid to sit between the HDD and tmpfs. I want to setup a "layered" filesystem where reads are cached on tmpfs but writes safely go through to the SSD. I want files (or blocks) that haven't been read lately on the SSD to then be written back to a HDD using a compressed FS or block layer. So basically reads: - Check tmpfs - Check SSD - Check HD And writes: - Straight to SSD (for safety), then tmpfs (for speed) And periodically, or when space gets low: - Move least frequently accessed files down one layer. I've seen a few projects of interest. CacheFS, cachefsd, bcache seem pretty close but I'm having trouble determining which are practical. bcache seems a little risky (early adoption), cachefs seems tied to specific network filesystems. There are "union" projects unionfs and aufs that let you mount filesystems over each other (USB device over a DVD usually) but both are distributed as a patch and I get the impression this sort of "transparent" mounting was going to become a kernel feature rather than a FS. I know the kernel has a built-in disk cache but it doesn't seem to work well with compiling. I see a 20x speed improvement when I move my source files to tmpfs. I think it's because the standard buffers are dedicated to a specific process and compiling creates and destroys thousands of processes during a build (just guessing there). It looks like I really want those files precached. I've read tmpfs can use virtual memory. In that case is it practical to create a giant tmpfs with swap on the SSD? I don't need to boot off the resulting layered filesystem. I can load grub, kernel and initrd from elsewhere if needed. So that's the background. The question has several components I guess: Recommended FS and/or block layer for the SSD and compressed HDD. Recommended mkfs parameters (block size, options etc...) Recommended cache/mount technology to bind the layers transparently Required mount parameters Required kernel options / patches, etc..

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• Windows 7 is shutting down unexpectedly, according to the logs.

  - by dlamblin

  Here's a message from my eventvwr EventLog (Windows Logs System): The previous system shutdown at 11:51:15 AM on ?7/?29/?2009 was unexpected. This is funny because I was wondering why the system shut down while I was playing Civilizations IV full screen. Now I know. It was unexpected. Has anyone encountered and resolved this? A little background: I am running Windows 7 RC inside VMWare Fusion 2 (just updated a few months back) on a MacBook (Bitterly not Pro) aluminum-body. Windows 7 occasionally will shut down. This isn't a quick turn-off, it's a shutdown where all the programs are exited, the system waits until they quit (and Civ4 doesn't prompt me to save), it even installed Windows Updates before restarting. And yes it is restarting right after the shutdown. Because I run a game in full screen mode I do not notice any dialog with a countdown timer or anything like that that might be a warning. As I have iStat on my dashboard widgets I can see about 8 temperature monitors. I have seen the CPU get up to 74C before, but during the shutdown, though it seemed hot to the touch (always is), it read 61C for the CPU, 60C for heatsink A, 50C for heatsink B and in the 30s-40s for the enclosure and harddrives. As I type this now, the temps are actually higher, so I don't think the temperature caused it. I have at least six such events dating first from 5/17 which was a week after installing Windows 7. I did find one information level warning from USER32 in the system log that says: The process C:\Windows\system32\svchost.exe (DLAMBLIN-WIN7) has initiated the restart of computer DLAMBLIN-WIN7 on behalf of user NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM for the following reason: Operating System: Recovery (Planned) Reason Code: 0x80020002 Shutdown Type: restart Comment: And another 15 minutes before that from Windows Update: Restart Required: To complete the installation of the following updates, the computer will be restarted within 15 minutes: - Cumulative Security Update for Internet Explorer 8 for Windows 7 Release Candidate for x64-based Systems (KB972260) Which I think kind of explains it. Though I don't know why restarting after an update would create an error event of "shutdown was unexpected", isn't that pretty odd? Now, how do I set it to never restart after an update unless I click something. Application of solution: As fretje reminded me, there's a couple of configurable settings for this, in windows 7 they're much in the same place as in Windows 2000 SP3 and XP SP1. Running gpedit.msc pops up a window that looks like: Windows 7 has changed the order and added a couple of newer options I've italicized: Do not display 'Install Updates and Shut Down' in Shut Down Windows dialog box Do not adjust default option to 'Install Updates and Shut Down' in Shut Down Windows dialog box Enabling Windows Power Management to automatically wake up the system to install scheduled updates Configure Automatic Updates Specify intranet Microsoft update service location Automatic Updates detection frequency Allow non-administrators to receive update notifications Turn on Software Notifications Allow Automatic Updates immediate installation Turn on recommended updates via Automatic Updates No auto-restart with logged-on users for scheduled Automatic Updates Re-prompt for restart with scheduled installations. Delay Restart for scheduled installations Reschedule Automatic Updates schedule

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• How to change radius of rounded rectangle in Photoshop

  - by MattDiPasquale

  At this point, I'm thinking of just using CSS 3, esp. since I'm a programmer, but I'd like to do this with Photoshop because I think it's nicer since I'm working with images anyway, among other reasons... Before I move on, my first question is: Is there a place like SuperUser for designers (or for Photoshop-like or questions)? What I Want: I want the icons on http://www.mattdipasquale.com/ to look like those on http://about.me/mattdipasquale. About.me has an outdated Twitter icon and does not have icons for GitHub, StackOverflow, etc. So, although I like the look of their icons, I want to be able to create these icons myself instead of using their versions. What I Have: I have different iphone icons, like the Facebook iPhone icon, Twitter iPhone icon, etc., that I got from iTunes, using Firebug to find the URL of the background image. I opened them up in Photoshop and pressed option + command + i to reduce the image size to 32px x 32px with Bicubic Sharper (best for reduction). I now have a square icon layer. Closing the Gap: In addition to the icon layer, I want to have a clipping-mask layer that will apply the 5px rounded-corners, 1px stroke, and 1px bevel. (Note: I just want to apply effects to the edges of the icon because the gloss and other effects are already encoded in the iTunes image. Also, I'm just guessing about the pixel values, but I want it to look good, like the icons on about.me.) What settings should I use for the blend options to make the icons look good, like iphone icons or those used by about.me? Why a Clipping Mask? The reason I want to use a clipping mask is that I want ease of reproducibility. I want to be able to apply the same styling to other square icon layers by simply replacing the square icon layer and then saving for web. If there is a better way to achieve such ease of reproducibility, please suggest it. I've seen Photoshop iPhone icon templates, but I couldn't figure out how to use them with my own images. Thanks! Matt

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• dovecot imap ssl certificate issues

  - by mulllhausen

  i have been trying to configure my dovecot imap server (version 1.0.10 - upgrading is not an option at this stage) with a new ssl certificate on ubuntu like so: $ grep ^ssl /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf ssl_disable = no ssl_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/mydomain.com.crt.20120904 ssl_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/mydomain.com.key.20120904 $ /etc/init.t/dovecot stop $ sudo dovecot -p $ [i enter the ssl password here] it doesn't show any errors and when i run ps aux | grep dovecot i get root 21368 0.0 0.0 12452 688 ? Ss 15:19 0:00 dovecot -p root 21369 0.0 0.0 71772 2940 ? S 15:19 0:00 dovecot-auth dovecot 21370 0.0 0.0 14140 1904 ? S 15:19 0:00 pop3-login dovecot 21371 0.0 0.0 14140 1900 ? S 15:19 0:00 pop3-login dovecot 21372 0.0 0.0 14140 1904 ? S 15:19 0:00 pop3-login dovecot 21381 0.0 0.0 14280 2140 ? S 15:19 0:00 imap-login dovecot 21497 0.0 0.0 14280 2116 ? S 15:29 0:00 imap-login dovecot 21791 0.0 0.0 14148 1908 ? S 15:48 0:00 imap-login dovecot 21835 0.0 0.0 14148 1908 ? S 15:53 0:00 imap-login dovecot 21931 0.0 0.0 14148 1904 ? S 16:00 0:00 imap-login me 21953 0.0 0.0 5168 944 pts/0 S+ 16:02 0:00 grep --color=auto dovecot which looks like it is all running fine. so then i test to see if i can telnet to the dovecot server, and this works fine: $ telnet localhost 143 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. * OK Dovecot ready. but when i test whether dovecot has configured the ssl certificates properly, it appears to fail: $ sudo openssl s_client -connect localhost:143 -starttls imap CONNECTED(00000003) depth=0 /description=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/C=AU/ST=xxxxxxxx/L=xxxx/O=xxxxxx/CN=*.mydomain.com/[email protected] verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate verify return:1 depth=0 /description=xxxxxxxxxxx/C=AU/ST=xxxxxx/L=xxxx/O=xxxx/CN=*.mydomain.com/[email protected] verify error:num=27:certificate not trusted verify return:1 depth=0 /description=xxxxxxxx/C=AU/ST=xxxxxxxxxx/L=xxxx/O=xxxxx/CN=*.mydomain.com/[email protected] verify error:num=21:unable to verify the first certificate verify return:1 --- Certificate chain 0 s:/description=xxxxxxxxxxxx/C=AU/ST=xxxxxxxxxx/L=xxxxxxxx/O=xxxxxxx/CN=*.mydomain.com/[email protected] i:/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Class 2 Primary Intermediate Server CA --- Server certificate -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx . . . xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx== -----END CERTIFICATE----- subject=/description=xxxxxxxxxx/C=AU/ST=xxxxxxxxx/L=xxxxxxx/O=xxxxxx/CN=*.mydomain.com/[email protected] issuer=/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Class 2 Primary Intermediate Server CA --- No client certificate CA names sent --- SSL handshake has read 2831 bytes and written 342 bytes --- New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA Server public key is 2048 bit Compression: NONE Expansion: NONE SSL-Session: Protocol : TLSv1 Cipher : DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA Session-ID: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Session-ID-ctx: Master-Key: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Key-Arg : None Start Time: 1351661960 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 21 (unable to verify the first certificate) --- . OK Capability completed. at least, i'm assuming this is a failure???

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• cron doesn't execute it's commands

  - by Silvio Keller

  I created an own small server with Debian. Last night i updated it. It created an error while generating the initrd and it didn't boot. Today i booted from another filesystem and did dpkg --configure -a with chroot. I also checked the filesystem. Now everything should be ok. But cron doesn't work:-( It is the same /etc/crontab-File but it doesn't work. I reinstalled cron and tried many things. Is there a way to see cron's log? I only readed about rsyslog, but i have not installed rsyslog, because the server is based on a minimal system (Freeagent Dockstar). Has someone an idea? Best regards Silvio Keller Update There is no file /var/log/syslog and dpkg -l|grep syslog gives me no output, so i think syslog is not installed. It is only a minimal system. cron -l gives: cron: can't lock /var/run/crond.pid, otherpid may be 687: Resource temporarily unavailable So i stopped cron with /etc/init.d/cron stop and executed cron -l again, this gives no output. At this moment i tried to start cron with /etc/init.d/cron start: Starting periodic command scheduler: cron failed! But there's no additional error info... But i see there's now in the background a proccess called cron -l which runs. If i stop it /etc/init.d/cron start works: Starting periodic command scheduler: cron. I used the crontab-file /etc/crontab, this worked for me always. Till i updated my kernel and the initrd it doesn't. The file's content is: SHELL=/bin/sh PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin # m h dom mon dow user command 17 * * * * root cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly 25 6 * * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily ) 47 6 * * 7 root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly ) 52 6 1 * * root test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly ) 00 5 * * * root dummy 23 45 * * 7 root dummy 00 * * * * root dummy */1 * * * * root dummy 00 1 * * * root dummy 00 4 * * * root dummy */5 * * * * root dummy #00 */10 * * * root dummy 01 0 * * * root dummy 00 5 * * * root dummy 00 4 * * * root dummy # If i start crontab -e it creates a new file /tmp/crontab.vn87tv/crontab, which is unfortunaly on a tmpfs and which also doesn't work. Thanks & Best regards

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• Real server, Multiple IP Addresses, HyperV Virtual Server, How to partition IPs across real and Virtual NICs

  - by Steven_W

  This is a slightly difficult problem to explain without same basic background information - I'll try and refine the question later as necessary Originally, I have a single hosted server (Win 2008R2) with the following range of 8 IP addresses. - Single NIC - IP: x.x.128.72 -> x.x.128.79 - Subnet: x.x.255.192 - GW: x.x.128.65 After installing Hyper-V and setting up a single virtual server on the same box, I then wanted to assign one of the IP addresses to the virtual server, leaving everything else running normally. -- Firstly, I tried using the "External" network, but (even after setting IPs on the "Virtual Adapter" similar to Here but struggled to get networking running at all. I needed to keep the server running (otherwise I would have spent more time pursuing this approach) Q1 ... Was this a sensible thing to do ? Should I have carried on down this route ? -- I then decided to try different approach - Set the HyperV network to "Internal" (visible to Management OS) - Physical NIC - IP: x.x.128.72 -> x.x.128.75 - Subnet: x.x.255.192 - GW: x.x.128.65 - Virtual NIC - IP: x.x.128.78 - Subnet: x.x.255.252 - GW: x.x.128.72 ... { The same as the IP of the physical NIC ) - Virtual OS-NIC - IP: x.x.128.77 - Subnet: x.x.255.252 - GW: x.x.128.78 ... { The same as the IP of the host virtual-NIC ) -- Surprisingly enough, this approach actually worked, and I was able to connect from all the following: - Internet to/from physical NIC (x.x.128.72) - physical NIC (x.x.128.72) to virtual-OS-NIC (x.x.128.77) e.g. testing via ping + FTP - Internet to/from virtual-OS-NIC (x.x.128.72) -- The problem I have is that this approach seems to only last for a short while (a few hours). After this time, it seems that I lose the ability to connect from Virtual-OS-NIC to/from the internet (but I can still connect from the host-OS to the virtual-OS and from the host-OS to the internet) I have re-tested this a couple of times with the same results ... I leave the server on for a few hours (e.g. overnight), and when I come back in the morning, the Virtual-OS loses the ability to route to the internet -- I'm not quite sure what to look at next (or whether I'm going about this completely the wrong way ) One "possible relevant item" is that the host-OS is also running RRAS (Routing and Remote Access), but this is only to run a simple VPN -- Q2 - Wheat should I be looking at next ? (Any good references / recommendations of what to try) Would appreciate any thoughts or comments (even if you tell me I'm going about this the wrong way)

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• An alternative to Google Talk, AIM, MSN, et al [closed]

  - by mkaito

  I'm not entirely sure whether this part of stack exchange is the most adequate for my question, but it would seem to me that people sharing this kind of concern would converge either here, or possibly on a more unix-specific sub site. Either way, here goes. Background Feel free to skip to The Question, below. This should, however, help those interested understand where I'm coming from, and where I expect to get, messaging-wise. My online talking place-to-go has been IRC for the last fifteen years. I think it's a great protocol, and clients out there are very good. I still use, and will always continue to use IRC for most of my chat needs. But then, there is private instant messaging. While IRC can solve this with queries and DCC chats, the protocol just isn't meant to work too well on intermittent connections, such as a mobile device, where you can often walk around places with low signal. I used MSN for a while, but didn't like it. The concept was awesome, but I think Microsoft didn't get the implementation quite right. When they started adding all that eye candy, and my buddies started flooding me with custom icons and buzzing my screen to it's knees, I shut my account and told folks that missed me to just email or call me. Much whining happened, I got called many weird things for not using MSN, but folks eventually got over it. Next, Google Talk came along, and seemed to be a lot better than MSN ever was. The protocol was open, so I could use whatever client I felt a fancy for. With the advent of smart phones, I just got myself a gtalk client on the phone, and have had a really decent integrated mostly-universal IM solution. Over the last few months, all Google services have been feeling flaky. IMs will often arrive anywhere between twenty minutes and one hour after being sent, clients will randomly disconnect, client priorities seem to work sometimes, and sometimes just a random device of those connected will get an IM. I think the time has come to look for greener grass. The Question It's rather hard to put what I'm looking for into precise words. I guess I just want something that is kind of like MSN/Gtalk, but that doesn't let me down when I need it. IRC is pretty much perfect, but the protocol just isn't designed to work well on mobile devices. Really, at this point I'm considering sticking to IRC for desktop messaging, and SMS/email on the phone, but I hope that in this day and age there is something better out there.

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• All the Gear and No Idea: Suggestions for re-designing my home/office/entertainment network

  - by 5arx

  Help/ Advice/ Suggestions please: I have a load of kit that I love but which currently operate in disconnected, sometimes counter-productive way. Because I never really had a masterplan I just added these things one after another and connected them up in ad hoc ways. Since I bought my Macbook I've found I spend much less time on the MacPro that was until then my main machine. Perversely, as my job involves writing .Net software, I spend a lot of Mac time actually inside a Windows 7 VM. I stream media from the HP box to the PS3 and thus to the TV, but its not without its limitations/annoyances. We listen to each other's iTunes libraries but the music files are all over the place and it would be good to know they were all safely in one location (and fully backed up). I need to come up with a strategy that will allow me to use all the kit for work, play (recording live music, making tunes, iMovie work), pushing/streaming media to the TV and sharing files with my other half (she uses a Windows laptop and her iPod touch). Ideally I'd like to be able to work on any of the machines and have a shared homedrive that was visible to all machines so all my current files were synced up wherever i was. It would be great if I could access everything securely and quickly over the web. I'd also like to be able to set up a background backup process. The kit list thus far: Apple MacPro 8GB/3x250GB RAID0 + 1TB Apple MacBook Pro 13" 8GB/250GB - I spend a lot of my work time on a Windows 7 VM on this. Crappy Acer laptop (for children's use - iPlayer, watching movies/tv files) HP Proliant Server 4GB/80GB+160GB+300GB Sun Ultra 10 2 x 80GB (old, but in top-notch condition) PS3 160GB iPod Classic 2 x 8GB iPod Touch Observations: Part of the problem is our dual use of Windows and OS X - we can't go for a pure NT style roaming profile. Because the server is also used for hosting test/beta applications and a SQL Server db, it can't be dedicated to file serving. The two Macs really could do with sharing a roaming profile or similar. I'd love to be able to do something useful with the Ultra 10. My other half has been trying to throw it away for over five years now and regularly ask what function it serves in my study :-( I've got no shortage of 500GB external USB hard drives iMovie files are very large and ideally would be processed on a RAID system. Apple's TimeMachine isn't so great. If anyone could suggest all or part of a setup that would fulfil some of my requirements I'd be very grateful. I am willing to consider purchasing one or two more bits of kit (an Apple TV and a Squeezebox have been moted by friends) if they will help make efficiencies rather than add to the chaos and confusion. Thanks for looking.

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• LaunchDaemon causing Lion to hang on boot

  - by Brett

  I've got a Mac Mini 2011, which I intend to use for a few tasks such as Plex and running a few VM's. I've installed virtualbox, along with XAMPP and phpvirtualbox, which all worked fine. However, getting this to run on startup is proving a real PITA! I'm at the moment trying to get vboxwebsrv running on boot. I've created a launchd plist within /Library/LaunchDaemons to run it and it works fine... well sort of. Lion when booting will show the spinning wheel and stop, never showing a GUI - however if I remote in via screen sharing or SSH, I can login fine and see that vboxwebsrv has launched successfully. Setting this plist to disabled makes lion boot up fine again. Initially I thought it was due to it staying open, so tried to add -b which causes it to run in the background, this just caused launchd to constantly spawn new processes and didn't even fix my problem of Lion being stuck at the spinning wheel. Does anyone have any ideas? I'm losing my mind here! PLIST: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>Disabled</key> <false/> <key>KeepAlive</key> <false/> <key>UserName</key> <string>vbox</string> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> <key>OnDemand</key> <false/> <key>Label</key> <string>org.virtualbox.vboxwebsvc</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/Applications/VirtualBox.app/Contents/MacOS/vboxwebsrv</string> </array> </dict> </plist>

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• MySQL daemon keeps terminating unexpectedly

  - by Yehia A.Salam

  The MySQL daemon on my CentOS server keeps crashing, i got the logs from /var/logs/mysqld but still i am not sure how to fix this: 121114 16:22:56 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 121114 21:55:11 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 121114 21:55:11 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not match InnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib_logfiles! 121114 21:55:11 InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally! InnoDB: Starting crash recovery. InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files... InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewrite InnoDB: buffer... 121114 21:55:12 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 121114 21:55:13 InnoDB: 1.1.6 started; log sequence number 77177262 121114 21:55:13 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events 121114 21:55:13 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.5.12' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi 121115 00:19:44 mysqld_safe Number of processes running now: 0 121115 00:19:44 mysqld_safe mysqld restarted 121115 0:19:47 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M InnoDB: mmap(137363456 bytes) failed; errno 12 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 121115 0:19:47 InnoDB: Fatal error: cannot allocate memory for the buffer pool 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error. 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed. 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB 121115 0:19:47 [ERROR] Aborting Edit #1 total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 496 370 126 0 24 110 -/+ buffers/cache: 234 261 Swap: 1023 9 1014 Edit #2 Also, largest table in my mysql is 20MB, so my the memory used should be pretty moderate. SELECT CONCAT(table_schema, '.', table_name), CONCAT(ROUND(table_rows / 1000000, 2), 'M') rows, CONCAT(ROUND(data_length / ( 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ), 2), 'G') DATA, CONCAT(ROUND(index_length / ( 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ), 2), 'G') idx, CONCAT(ROUND(( data_length + index_length ) / ( 1024 * 1024 * 1024 ), 2), 'G') total_size, ROUND(index_length / data_length, 2) idxfrac FROM information_schema.TABLES ORDER BY data_length + index_length DESC LIMIT 10;

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• script to recursively check for and select dependencies

  - by rp.sullivan

  I have written a script that does this but it is one of my first scripts ever so i am sure there is a better way:) Let me know how you would go about doing this. I'm looking for a simple yet efficient way to do this. Here is some important background info: ( It might be a little confusing but hopefully by the end it will make sense. ) 1) This image shows the structure/location of the relevant dirs and files. 2) The packages.file located at ./config/default/config/packages is a space delimited file. field5 is the "package name" which i will call $a for explanations sake. field4 is the name of the dir containing the $a.dir i will call $b field1 shows if the package is selected or not, "X"(capital x) for selected and "O"(capital o as in orange) for not selected. Here is an example of what the packages.file might contain: ... X ---3------ 104.800 database gdbm 1.8.3 / base/library CROSS 0 O -1---5---- 105.000 base libiconv 1.13.1 / base/tool CROSS 0 X 01---5---- 105.000 base pkgconfig 0.25 / base/tool CROSS 0 X -1-3------ 105.000 base texinfo 4.13a / base/tool CROSS DIETLIBC 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop duma 2_5_15 / base/development CROSS NOPARALLEL 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop electricfence 2_4_13 / base/development CROSS 0 O -----5---- 105.000 develop gnupth 2.0.7 / extra/development CROSS NOPARALLEL FPIC-QUIRK 0 ... 3) For almost every package listed in the "packages.file" there is a corresponding ".cache file" The .cache file for package $a would be located at ./package/$b/$a/$a.cache The .cache files contain a list of dependencies for that particular package. Here is an example of one of the .cache files might look like. Note that the dependencies are field2 of lines containing "[DEP]" These dependencies are all names of packages in the "package.file" [TIMESTAMP] 1134178701 Sat Dec 10 02:38:21 2005 [BUILDTIME] 295 (9) [SIZE] 11.64 MB, 191 files [DEP] 00-dirtree [DEP] bash [DEP] binutils [DEP] bzip2 [DEP] cf [DEP] coreutils ... So with all that in mind... I'm looking for a shell script that: From within the "main dir" Looks at the ./config/default/config/packages file and finds the "selected" packages and reads the corresponding .cache Then compiles a list of dependencies that excludes the already selected packages Then selects the dependencies (by changing field1 to X) in the ./config/default/config/packages file and repeats until all the dependencies are met Note: The script will ultimately end up in the "scripts dir" and be called from the "main dir". If this is not clear let me know what need clarification. For those interested I'm playing around with T2 SDE. If you are into playing around with linux it might be worth taking a look.

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• In search of a network file system with extended caching to speed up file access

  - by Brecht Machiels

  I'm running a small home server that stores my documents. The disks in this server are in a RAID 1 configuration (using Linux md) and it's also periodically being backup up to an external hard drive to make sure I don't lose them. However, I'm always accessing the files from other computers on the home network using an SMB share, and this results in a considerable speed penalty (especially when connected over WLAN). This is quite annoying when editing large files, such as digital camera RAWs, for example. I've been looking for a solution to this problem. It would have to offer some kind of local caching to speed up the file access. The client would preferably not keep a copy of all data on the server, as it consists of a very large collection of photographs, most of which I will not access frequently. Instead, it should only cache the accessed files and sync the changes back in the background. Ideally, it would also do some smart read-ahead (cache the files that are in the same directory as the currently opened file, for examples), but I suppose that's asking a bit much. Synchronization should be automatic (on file change). Conflicting file changes (at the same time on different clients) are unlikely to happen in my use case, but I would prefer if they are handled properly (notification to the user). I've come across the following options, so far: something similar to Dropbox. iFolder seems to be the only thing that comes close, but its reputation (stability) and requirements put me off. A distributed file system such as OpenAFS. I'm not sure this will speed up file access. It is probably overkill for what I need. Maybe NFS or even Samba offer these possibilities. I read a bit about Windows' Offline Files, but its operation seems limited (at least on Windows XP). As this is just for personal use, I'm not willing to spend a lot of money. A free solution would be preferred. Also, the server needs to run on Linux, and I need a client for at least Windows.

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• Supervisord appears to be running, but monitored programs aren't launched

  - by Brad Montgomery

  I've got supervisord 3.0a8 installed from the system package on ubuntu 10.04 (64bit). The supervisor service appears to be running, but it's not launching the configured programs. Interestingly enough, this exact configuration is running on another system, and is working as expected. The main config file looks like this: ; /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf [unix_http_server] chmod=0700 file=/var/run/supervisor.sock [supervisord] logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log childlogdir=/var/log/supervisor pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid [rpcinterface:supervisor] supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface [supervisorctl] serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor.sock [include] files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf A sample program config looks like this: ; /etc/supervisor/conf.d/sample.conf [program:sample] directory=/opt/sample command=/opt/sample/run.sh Where, the /opt/sample/run.sh is: #!/bin/bash while true; do T=`date` echo "[$T] Running!" >> /var/log/sample.log sleep 1 done And, here's some additional information regarding the running instance of supervisord: root@myhost:~# supervisorctl version 3.0a8 root@myhost:~# which supervisorctl /usr/bin/supervisorctl root@myhost:~# which supervisord /usr/bin/supervisord root@myhost:~# supervisorctl status # NOTE that there's no output! root@myhost:~# supervisorctl avail root@myhost:~# service supervisor status is running root@myhost:~# ps aux | grep supervisor root 21740 0.1 0.4 40772 10056 ? Ss 11:28 0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord root 21749 0.0 0.0 7624 932 pts/2 S+ 11:28 0:00 grep --color=auto supervisor root@myhost:~# cat /var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log 2012-04-26 11:28:22,483 CRIT Supervisor running as root (no user in config file) 2012-04-26 11:28:22,536 INFO RPC interface 'supervisor' initialized 2012-04-26 11:28:22,536 WARN cElementTree not installed, using slower XML parser for XML-RPC 2012-04-26 11:28:22,536 CRIT Server 'unix_http_server' running without any HTTP authentication checking 2012-04-26 11:28:22,539 INFO daemonizing the supervisord process 2012-04-26 11:28:22,539 INFO supervisord started with pid 21740 root@myhost:~# ll /etc/supervisor/conf.d/ total 28 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-04-26 11:31 ./ drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2012-04-25 18:38 ../ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 66 2012-04-26 11:31 sample.conf root@myhost:~# ll /opt/sample/ total 12 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2012-04-26 11:32 ./ drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2012-04-26 11:31 ../ -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 97 2012-04-26 11:32 run.sh* root@myhost:~# python Python 2.6.5 (r265:79063, Apr 16 2010, 13:57:41) [GCC 4.4.3] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> Any help is greatly appreciated!

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• Why do I need to set up Autologon values in registry twice in before it works and can I fix this?

  - by jJack

  Background: As part an automated testing suite I am building, I need to set up Autologon on my virtual machines 'on demand'. By on demand, I mean that I don't want to necessarily pre-configure my VM or any snapshot to have Autologon set up already, for security reasons and also a huge business case. My solution so far: I'm copying a script to the guest machine and then using Sysinternals PsExec to execute it. The script is: reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultUserName /t REG_SZ /d myusername reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultPassword /t REG_SZ /d myfakepassword reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultDomainName /t REG_SZ /d mydomain reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v ForceAutoLogon /t REG_SZ /d 1 reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v AutoAdminLogon /t REG_SZ /d 1 reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\AutoLogonChecked" /f /ve /d 1 Note: I don't believe AutoLogonChecked is required for machines post Windows 2000 but I'm doing it just in case for now. Maybe ForceAutoLogon isn't either, not sure yet. The Problem: I see PsExec executes this properly and all the values are in the registry, however when I restart the machine, the user isn't automatically logged on...When I run this a second time then restart the machine, the user is finally logged on. A diff between the registry states shows that the first time I run this, it is missing both the "1" for AutoAdminLogon, and also the DefaultPassword key. The second time I execute it, these values are correctly intact as I intended. So, what is going on here? Is this expected? This post claims in the end that it really all just works (the problem was that a logoff script was setting off the values). Doesn't seem to work for me however. Note this seems unique to Windows 7, does not occur in Windows XP Also note that you don't need PsExec to recreate the issue - just modify the registry yourself EDIT/update: Login interactively and run script (so, not executing it remotely), logging off automatically logs me back in (so, it works) remotely execute the script in guest when I'm interactively logged in, logging off automatically logs me back in (so, it works) remotely execute the script in guest when with non-interactive session if I log in afterwards (so, interactive now) then back off, it logs me back in (so, it then works) EDIT/update 2: This only occurs for Win7x86, Win7x64, Win8x64. This does not occur for Windows XP

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• The server rejected the session-establishment request: WCF hosted on IIS

  - by Dave Hanna

  Background: I'm working on a project where we have about a dozen distinct WCF services implemented in an IIS application, communicating over net.tcp on the default port (808), using the Microsoft Net.Tcp Port Sharing Service. I recently added a self-test method to the base class of each of these services so that I could remotely hit the service and get back a status string verifying that it was in operation. We implement this app in a ladder of environments - Development, QA, UAT, and finally production. My problem: My test program, which instantiates a connection to each service in turn and invokes the self-test method, works fine on all the environments below production. We recently moved the app to production, and I'm getting a weird error that I can't explain: On the first of the services that I hit, I get back an exception: "The server at [URL] rejected the session-establishment request". All the other services respond fine. I initially thought there was something wrong with the particular service that was failing, but I tried rearranging the list of services into a different order, and it SEEMS to always be the first service that I hit that fails. (I say SEEMS because it think once in the early iterations of testing, I saw it happen on the second service that it hit. But I haven't been able to reproduce that.) I've looked at application startup delays, and that doesn't seem to be the problem, because I can come back and run the test again as soon as it finishes - a delay of only a minute or two - and get the same error. Also, in the lower level environments, there is a start up delay of probably 30 seconds to a minute, but the result still comes back as expected. I've tried accessing the services over http from INetManager, and I get intermittent failures on all the services - a particular service will return a yellow screen of death on on invocation, then come up with the expected link to the WSDL on the next one seconds later. I'm completely at a loss to explain this behavior, or how to resolve it. I've googled the error message, and not found anything helpful. It may be a configuration issue - the production servers are newly provisioned VM's, and we may not have the config exactly right (whereas all the lower level environments have been running this and other similar apps for some time), but I have not idea what to look for. I've looked at the properties of the app pool that the app is running on and compared it to the lower level environments without finding any differences. If somebody can point me in the right direction, you would have my undying gratitude.

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• Access denied to mysql cause by invalid server hostname bind address

  - by Mark

  I cannot login to mysql using the terminal. [root@fst mysql]# mysql -h localhost -u admin -p Enter password: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'admin'@'localhost' (using password: YES) I am sure I have the correct password. The mysql is also running when I check status. The mysql database is also present in the directory /var/lib/mysql/. The host host.myi, host.myd and host.frm are present. By the way this a related to question on my previous problem MySQL server quit without updating PID file . Initially the problem arise when the root directory was full. To be able to login to directadmin and start mysql, I added a soft link of the /var/lib/mysql/ to /home/mysql. Since my database used up the most of the root directory. The root directory has 50Gb and /home has 1.5Gb. Somehow the /var/lib/mysql/idbdata1 is corrupted. So I move it to another location. Now, I can start the mysql server but I cannot login into it. Below are the contents from the myql logs. 121212 20:44:10 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/lib/mysql/fst.srv.net.pid ended 121212 20:44:10 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 121212 20:44:10 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. 121212 20:44:10 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 121212 20:44:10 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 121212 20:44:10 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 121212 20:44:10 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 121212 20:44:10 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 121212 20:44:10 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 121212 20:44:10 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. 121212 20:44:11 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 121212 20:44:12 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 1595675 121212 20:44:12 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306 121212 20:44:12 [Note] - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0'; 121212 20:44:12 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'. 121212 20:44:12 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events 121212 20:44:12 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.5.27-log' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL) I guess there is something wrong with the bind address. How should I fix the problem?

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• Adaptec 5805 after reboot don't starting

  - by Rakedko ShotGuns

  After rebooting the system, the controller is not included. It only works if the computer is shut down and turn off. Late i update firmware "Adaptec RAID 5805 Firmware Build 18948" How to fix the problem? add Log Configuration summary Server name.....................raid_test Adaptec Storage Manager agent...7.31.00 (18856) Adaptec Storage Manager console.7.31.00 (18856) Number of controllers...........1 Operating system................Windows Configuration information for controller 1 ------------------------------------------------------- Type............................Controller Model...........................Adaptec 5805 Controller number...............1 Physical slot...................2 Installed memory size...........512 MB Serial number...................8C4510C6C9E Boot ROM........................5.2-0 (18948) Firmware........................5.2-0 (18948) Device driver...................5.2-0 (16119) Controller status...............Optimal Battery status..................Charging Battery temperature.............Normal Battery charge amount (%).......37 Estimated charge remaining......0 days, 16 hours, 12 minutes Background consistency check....Disabled Copy back.......................Disabled Controller temperature..........Normal (40C / 104F) Default logical drive task priorityHigh Performance mode................Dynamic Number of logical devices.......1 Number of hot-spare drives......0 Number of ready drives..........0 Number of drive(s) assigned to MaxCache cache0 Maximum drives allowed for MaxCache cache8 MaxCache Read Cache Pool Size...0 GB NCQ status......................Enabled Stay awake status...............Disabled Internal drive spinup limit.....0 External drive spinup limit.....0 Phy 0...........................No device attached Phy 1...........................No device attached Phy 2...........................No device attached Phy 3...........................1.50 Gb/s Phy 4...........................No device attached Phy 5...........................No device attached Phy 6...........................No device attached Phy 7...........................No device attached Statistics version..............2.0 SSD Cache size..................0 Pages on fetch list.............0 Fetch list candidates...........0 Candidate replacements..........0 69319...........................31293 Logical device..................0 Logical device name............. RAID level......................Simple volume Data space......................148,916 GB Date created....................09/19/2012 Interface type..................Serial ATA State...........................Optimal Read-cache mode.................Enabled Preferred MaxCache read cache settingEnabled Actual MaxCache read cache setting Disabled Write-cache mode................Enabled (write-back) Write-cache setting.............Enabled (write-back) Partitioned.....................Yes Protected by hot spare..........No Bootable........................Yes Bad stripes.....................No Power Status....................Disabled Power State.....................Active Reduce RPM timer................Never Power off timer.................Never Verify timer....................Never Segment 0.......................Present: controller 1, connector 0, device 0, S/N 9RX3KZMT Overall host IOs................99075 Overall MB......................4411203 DRAM cache hits.................71929 SSD cache hits..................0 Uncached IOs....................29239 Overall disk failures...........0 DRAM cache full hits............71929 DRAM cache fetch / flush wait...0 DRAM cache hybrid reads.........3476 DRAM cache flushes..............-- Read hits.......................0 Write hits......................0 Valid Pages.....................0 Updates on writes...............0 Invalidations by large writes...0 Invalidations by R/W balance....0 Invalidations by replacement....0 Invalidations by other..........0 Page Fetches....................0 0...............................0 73..............................10822 8...............................3 46138...........................4916 27184...........................15226 20875...........................323 16982...........................1771 1563............................5317 1948............................2969 Serial attached SCSI ----------------------- Type............................Disk drive Vendor..........................Unknown Model...........................ST3160815AS Serial Number...................9RX3KZMT Firmware level..................3.AAD Reported channel................0 Reported SCSI device ID.........0 Interface type..................Serial ATA Size............................149,05 GB Negotiated transfer speed.......1.50 Gb/s State...........................Optimal S.M.A.R.T. error................No Write-cache mode................Write back Hardware errors.................0 Medium errors...................0 Parity errors...................0 Link failures...................0 Aborted commands................0 S.M.A.R.T. warnings.............0 Solid-state disk (non-spinning).false MaxCache cache capable..........false MaxCache cache assigned.........false NCQ status......................Enabled Phy 0...........................1.50 Gb/s Power State.....................Full rpm Supported power states..........Full rpm, Powered off 0x01............................113 0x03............................98 0x04............................99 0x05............................100 0x07............................83 0x09............................75 0x0A............................100 0x0C............................99 0xBB............................100 0xBD............................100 0xBE............................61 0xC2............................39 0xC3............................69 0xC5............................100 0xC6............................100 0xC7............................200 0xC8............................100 0xCA............................100 Aborted commands................0 Link failures...................0 Medium errors...................0 Parity errors...................0 Hardware errors.................0 SMART errors....................0 End of the configuration information for controller 1 List item

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• Weird random application hang problem

  - by haridsv

  I am trying to understand an application hang problem that started up lately on my windows xp system. The system runs fine for days (sometimes) without ever shutting down or putting it to sleep, but the problem first shows up as one of the apps hanging. The application's UI stops responding or one or more background threads hang, so even though the GUI is responding, it is not doing anything (e.g., in VirtualDub's case, the UI responds fine, but the job doesn't progress and I won't even be able to abort it). The weirdness part comes from the fact that if I try to kill such an app, the program that is used to kill it goes into the same mode (i.e, that hangs instead of the original). E.g., if I use Process Explorer to kill it, the original program exits, but procexp now hangs. If I use another instance of procexp to kill the one that is hanging, this repeats, so there is always at least one program hanging in that state. This is not specific to procexp, I tried the native task manager and even the "End Process" dialog from windows explorer that shows up when you try to close a non-responsive GUI (in this case, the explorer itself hangs). The only program that didn't hang after the kill, is the command line taskkill. However, in this case, explorer hangs instead of taskkill. Also, once this problem starts manifesting, it soon ends up freezing the whole system to the extent that even a clean shutdown is not possible, so I have learned to reboot as soon as I notice this problem, however this is very inconvenient, as I often have encoding batch jobs going on which can't continue the job after the restart. The longer I leave the system running after seeing this problem, the more applications get into this state. I have tried to do a repair install but that didn't make any difference. I also uninstalled some of the newer installs, but again no difference. I tried to search online, but got inundating results for generic hang and crash related problems. Though I couldn't notice any pattern, it seems as though the problem is more frequent if I have some video encoding going on at that time. I had the system running for days when I only do browsing and internet audio/video chat before I decide to start encoding something and the problem starts to show up. I am not too sure if it is the encoding program that first hangs, though I almost always noticed that too hanging (like the VirtualDub stopping to make progress). I also had to reboot 3 times on one day when I was heavily experimenting with encoding. I would appreciate any help in narrowing down this problem and save me the trouble of reinstalling. I don't especially want to loose my gotd installs.

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• Is dual-booting an OS more or less secure than running a virtual machine?

  - by Mark

  I run two operating systems on two separate disk partitions on the same physical machine (a modern MacBook Pro). In order to isolate them from each other, I've taken the following steps: Configured /etc/fstab with ro,noauto (read-only, no auto-mount) Fully encrypted each partition with a separate encryption key (committed to memory) Let's assume that a virus infects my first partition unbeknownst to me. I log out of the first partition (which encrypts the volume), and then turn off the machine to clear the RAM. I then un-encrypt and boot into the second partition. Can I be reasonably confident that the virus has not / cannot infect both partitions, or am I playing with fire here? I realize that MBPs don't ship with a TPM, so a boot-loader infection going unnoticed is still a theoretical possibility. However, this risk seems about equal to the risk of the VMWare/VirtualBox Hypervisor being exploited when running a guest OS, especially since the MBP line uses UEFI instead of BIOS. This leads to my question: is the dual-partitioning approach outlined above more or less secure than using a Virtual Machine for isolation of services? Would that change if my computer had a TPM installed? Background: Note that I am of course taking all the usual additional precautions, such as checking for OS software updates daily, not logging in as an Admin user unless absolutely necessary, running real-time antivirus programs on both partitions, running a host-based firewall, monitoring outgoing network connections, etc. My question is really a public check to see if I'm overlooking anything here and try to figure out if my dual-boot scheme actually is more secure than the Virtual Machine route. Most importantly, I'm just looking to learn more about security issues. EDIT #1: As pointed out in the comments, the scenario is a bit on the paranoid side for my particular use-case. But think about people who may be in corporate or government settings and are considering using a Virtual Machine to run services or applications that are considered "high risk". Are they better off using a VM or a dual-boot scenario as I outlined? An answer that effectively weighs any pros/cons to that trade-off is what I'm really looking for in an answer to this post. EDIT #2: This question was partially fueled by debate about whether a Virtual Machine actually protects a host OS at all. Personally, I think it does, but consider this quote from Theo de Raadt on the OpenBSD mailing list: x86 virtualization is about basically placing another nearly full kernel, full of new bugs, on top of a nasty x86 architecture which barely has correct page protection. Then running your operating system on the other side of this brand new pile of shit. You are absolutely deluded, if not stupid, if you think that a worldwide collection of software engineers who can't write operating systems or applications without security holes, can then turn around and suddenly write virtualization layers without security holes. -http://kerneltrap.org/OpenBSD/Virtualization_Security By quoting Theo's argument, I'm not endorsing it. I'm simply pointing out that there are multiple perspectives here, so I'm trying to find out more about the issue.

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• Profiles and using the local profile for a domain user

  - by Harry

  I’m having some trouble with profiles and would like to reach out for some help. I’ve tried to do some research to help myself along, but I’m not making much progress on my own. I’ve pretty much taken over the sys admin duties for my small lab, I don’t have much experience to justify it besides I’m the only with the time and dedication to go at it (The environment was in a state of disrepair). My network and domain I look over are extremely small by most standards, about 10 users at a time. They are pretty intensive activity on the network, and we do work with fairly large files. None of the network is online, which is nice at the moment because it allows me not to have another headache. On to my profile problem, I have set up roaming profiles for the users in the network. Now after a little research, I think I will be switching this to a hybrid of folder redirection and roaming profiles as this seems to best practice. I also don’t want the users having to wait for a long time if they have a bloated profile. Now I’ve finally got a build working using MDT. We have Mac Pros, and it wasn’t fun getting everything to play nice. The way I did this was by setting up a reference computer and installing all the software and tools that each user would need and editing the settings preferences to how we would need them. I think used MDT to do a sys prep and capture to create the image of my reference computer. Using the reference image I can push out my images to the rest of the desktops in my environment. The issue I’m having is when we join the computer to domain. The user can login and operate fine on the computer, but I’d like a more. When the user is logged on with their domain user name they lose a lot of the icons I had on my reference image, as well as the desktop background and some other miscellaneous settings. I would love to have the user log on using their domain user name and see the icons and desktop environment as I had it setup on the reference computer. I’m not sure if it is possible, or something simple that I’m missing, but any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Xubuntu login hangs after Cancel Button click

  - by akester

  I'm running Xubuntu 12.04 (I installed using the alternative installer.) running in Virtaulbox 4.1.20 My issue is with the login screen (lightdm-gtk-greeter). It usually runs just fine, and allows users to log in and out but it will hang if the user presses the cancel button. The interface is still working (ie, shutdown menu is still available, I can switch to a different tty) but the username or password field (depending on when the button is hit) is disabled. Restarting lightdm will reset the screen, but the problem still exists. The issue is only with the cancel button. The login, session, and language buttons/menus as well as the accessibility and shutdown menu appear to work normally. I've modified some of the config files for lighdm-gtk-greeter, specifically /etc/lightdm/lighdm-gtk-greeter.conf to change the background image and /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf to disable the user list. I did not check to see if the error existed before the changes took place. The changes have been restored the default settings but the problem persists. Here is the output of /var/log/lightdm/lightdm.log when the screen is hung: [+0.00s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/lightdm.log [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting Light Display Manager 1.2.1, UID=0 PID=2072 [+0.00s] DEBUG: Loaded configuration from /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf [+0.00s] DEBUG: Using D-Bus name org.freedesktop.DisplayManager [+0.00s] DEBUG: Registered seat module xlocal [+0.00s] DEBUG: Registered seat module xremote [+0.00s] DEBUG: Adding default seat [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting seat [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting new display for greeter [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting local X display [+0.02s] DEBUG: Using VT 7 [+0.02s] DEBUG: Activating VT 7 [+0.03s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0.log [+0.04s] DEBUG: Writing X server authority to /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 [+0.04s] DEBUG: Launching X Server [+0.05s] DEBUG: Launching process 2078: /usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch [+0.05s] DEBUG: Waiting for ready signal from X server :0 [+0.05s] DEBUG: Acquired bus name org.freedesktop.DisplayManager [+0.05s] DEBUG: Registering seat with bus path /org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0 [+0.28s] DEBUG: Got signal 10 from process 2078 [+0.28s] DEBUG: Got signal from X server :0 [+0.28s] DEBUG: Connecting to XServer :0 [+0.29s] DEBUG: Starting greeter [+0.29s] DEBUG: Started session 2082 with service 'lightdm', username 'lightdm' [+0.36s] DEBUG: Session 2082 authentication complete with return value 0: Success [+0.36s] DEBUG: Greeter authorized [+0.36s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0-greeter.log [+0.36s] DEBUG: Session 2082 running command /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-greeter-session /usr/sbin/lightdm-gtk-greeter [+0.58s] DEBUG: Greeter connected version=1.2.1 [+0.58s] DEBUG: Greeter connected, display is ready [+0.58s] DEBUG: New display ready, switching to it [+0.58s] DEBUG: Activating VT 7 [+1.04s] DEBUG: Greeter start authentication for andrew [+1.04s] DEBUG: Started session 2137 with service 'lightdm', username 'andrew' [+1.09s] DEBUG: Session 2137 got 1 message(s) from PAM [+1.09s] DEBUG: Prompt greeter with 1 message(s) [+17.24s] DEBUG: Cancel authentication [+17.24s] DEBUG: Session 2137: Sending SIGTERM

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• What "pieces" are needed in order to set up a cluster of physical servers?

  - by Chris Dutrow

  Background: Currently, we use Rackspace cloud servers. We have no intention to stop using them, but would like to look into setting up a cluster of physical servers (probably desktop computers in the $400 range with 8gb memory each) to offset some of our load and work as a secondary, more powerful, less reliable system. To put things in perspective, we can buy comparable desktop computers for the same price as we pay in one month to rent them on Rackspace Cloud. I understand that this is generally a dumb idea. However, in this particular instance, the server cluster is needed for its computation power. It is not mission-critical, it does not host a consumer-facing website, and if it goes down for a day or two, its not really a problem. Currently, we have access to business class verizon fios. If I understand correctly, we can get at least 25 dedicated IP addresses with this service, this should be enough. Requirements: Each server runs Linux Centos 6.3 Some of the servers run Python and execute processes from a task queue (Redis or RabbitMQ) Some of the servers are capable of serving static files and Python driven REST APIs Some of the servers host a Cassandra database cluster One or more of the servers are a Redis database servers One or more of the servers are PostgreSQL servers Questions: What kind of router or switch is needed? We would like the computers to be able to communicate effectively with each other via internal IP addresses. This is especially important for communicating with servers hosting Redis that need to be able to respond to requests very quickly. Are there special switches or routers that need to be used to connect the servers together? Are Desktop computers ok for this? We have found that we are mostly RAM-bottle necked, I understand that some servers have highly superior CPUs, but I'm not sure we need CPU power as much as we need RAM, which is cheap in Desktop computers. Will we have problems with the WIFI cards in the desktops or any other unexpected hardware limitation? What tools should be used to "image" the servers. For example, when we get an installation right for a Redis server or Cassandra node, are there tools that come with Linux Centos 6.3 to image the server to a USB drive or something like that? Or do we need to use some other software for this? What other things are we missing that we should be concerned about? Thanks so much!

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• How can I centralise MySQL data between 3 or more geographically separate servers?

  - by Andy Castles

  To explain the background to the question: We have a home-grown PHP application (for running online language-learning courses) running on a Linux server and using MySQL on localhost for saving user data (e.g. results of tests taken, marks of submitted work, time spent on different pages in the courses, etc). As we have students from different geographic locations we currently have 3 virtual servers hosted close to those locations (Spain, UK and Hong Kong) and users are added to the server closest to them (they access via different URLs, e.g. europe.domain.com, uk.domain.com and asia.domain.com). This works but is an administrative nightmare as we have to remember which server a particular user is on, and users can only connect to one server. We would like to somehow centralise the information so that all users are visible on any of the servers and users could connect to any of the 3 servers. The question is, what method should we use to implement this. It must be an issue that that lots of people have encountered but I haven't found anything conclusive after a fair bit of Googling around. The closest I have seen to solutions are: something like master-master replication, but I have read so many posts suggesting that this is not a good idea as things like auto_increment fields can break. circular replication, this sounded perfect but to quote from O'Reilly's High Performance MySQL, "In general, rings are brittle and best avoided" We're not against rewriting code in the application to make it work with whatever solution is required but I am not sure if replication is the correct thing to use. Thanks, Andy P.S. I should add that we experimented with writes to a central database and then using reads from a local database but the response time between the different servers for writing was pretty bad and it's also important that written data is available immediately for reading so if replication is too slow this could cause out-of-date data to be returned. Edit: I have been thinking about writing my own rudimentary replication script which would involve something like having each user given a server ID to say which is his "home server", e.g. users in asia would be marked as having the Hong Kong server as their own server. Then the replication scripts (which would be a PHP script set to run as a cron job reasonably frequently, e.g. every 15 minutes or so) would run independently on each of the servers in the system. They would go through the database and distribute any information about users with the "home server" set to the server that the script is running on to all of the other databases in the system. They would also need to suck new information which has been added to any of the other databases on the system where the "home server" flag is the server where the script is running. I would need to work out the details and build in the logic to deal with conflicts but I think it would be possible, however I wanted to make sure that there is not a correct solution for this already out there as it seems like it must be a problem that many people have already come across.

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• Slow Memcached: Average 10ms memcached `get`

  - by Chris W.

  We're using Newrelic to measure our Python/Django application performance. Newrelic is reporting that across our system "Memcached" is taking an average of 12ms to respond to commands. Drilling down into the top dozen or so web views (by # of requests) I can see that some Memcache get take up to 30ms; I can't find a single use of Memcache get that returns in less than 10ms. More details on the system architecture: Currently we have four application servers each of which has a memcached member. All four memcached members participate in a memcache cluster. We're running on a cloud hosting provider and all traffic is running across the "internal" network (via "internal" IPs) When I ping from one application server to another the responses are in ~0.5ms Isn't 10ms a slow response time for Memcached? As far as I understand if you think "Memcache is too slow" then "you're doing it wrong". So am I doing it wrong? Here's the output of the memcache-top command: memcache-top v0.7 (default port: 11211, color: on, refresh: 3 seconds) INSTANCE USAGE HIT % CONN TIME EVICT/s GETS/s SETS/s READ/s WRITE/s cache1:11211 37.1% 62.7% 10 5.3ms 0.0 73 9 3958 84.6K cache2:11211 42.4% 60.8% 11 4.4ms 0.0 46 12 3848 62.2K cache3:11211 37.5% 66.5% 12 4.2ms 0.0 75 17 6056 170.4K AVERAGE: 39.0% 63.3% 11 4.6ms 0.0 64 13 4620 105.7K TOTAL: 0.1GB/ 0.4GB 33 13.9ms 0.0 193 38 13.5K 317.2K (ctrl-c to quit.) ** Here is the output of the top command on one machine: ** (Roughly the same on all cluster machines. As you can see there is very low CPU utilization, because these machines only run memcache.) top - 21:48:56 up 1 day, 4:56, 1 user, load average: 0.01, 0.06, 0.05 Tasks: 70 total, 1 running, 69 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.3%st Mem: 501392k total, 424940k used, 76452k free, 66416k buffers Swap: 499996k total, 13064k used, 486932k free, 181168k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 6519 nobody 20 0 384m 74m 880 S 1.0 15.3 18:22.97 memcached 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:38.03 ksoftirqd/0 1 root 20 0 24332 1552 776 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.56 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0 5 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 kworker/u:0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.62 watchdog/0 8 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper ...output truncated...

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