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  • SQL SERVER – Removing Leading Zeros From Column in Table – Part 2

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier I wrote a blog post about Remvoing Leading Zeros from Column In Table. It was a great co-incident that my friend Madhivanan (no need of introduction for him) also post a similar article over on BeyondRelational.com. I strongly suggest to read his blog as well as he has suggested some cool solutions to the same problem. On original blog post asked two questions 1) if my sample for testing is correct and 2) If there is any better method to achieve the same. The response was amazing. I am proud on our SQL Community that we all keep on improving on each other’s contribution. There are some really good suggestions as a comment. Let us go over them right now. Improving the ResultSet I had missed including all zeros in my sample set which was an overlook. Here is the new sample which includes all zero values as well. USE tempdb GO -- Create sample table CREATE TABLE Table1 (Col1 VARCHAR(100)) INSERT INTO Table1 (Col1) SELECT '0001' UNION ALL SELECT '000100' UNION ALL SELECT '100100' UNION ALL SELECT '000 0001' UNION ALL SELECT '00.001' UNION ALL SELECT '01.001' UNION ALL SELECT '0000' GO Now let us go over some of the fantastic solutions which we have received. Response from Rainmaker SELECT CASE PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + ' ‘') WHEN 0 THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(Col1, PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + ' '), LEN(Col1)) END FROM Table1 Response from Harsh Solution 1 SELECT SUBSTRING(Col1, PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + 'a'), LEN(Col1)) FROM Table1 Response from Harsh Solution 2 SELECT RIGHT(Col1, LEN(Col1)+1 -PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + 'a' )) FROM Table1 Response from lucazav SELECT T.Col1 , label = CAST( CAST(REPLACE(T.Col1, ' ', '') AS FLOAT) AS VARCHAR(10)) FROM Table1 AS T Response from iamAkashSingh SELECT REPLACE(LTRIM(REPLACE(col1,'0',' ')),' ','0') FROM table1 Here is the resultset of above scripts. It will remove any leading zero or space and will display the number accordingly. If you believe there is a better solution, please leave a comment. I am just glad to see so many various responses and all of them teach us something new. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Your Content Can Get Visibility Through Search Engines - Part 2

    Your content plays an important role in defining the success of your search engine marketing plan and when you talk about SEO in India, and then you will easily understand different kinds of discoveries and how to use them for your benefit. After you have understood the traditional discovery and some new breed of discovery, you can focus on some other ways to get your content noticed for ensuring the success of your SEO.

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  • Membership in ASP.Net applications - part 1

    - by nikolaosk
    So far in all my posts, I have never mentioned anything about how to implement authentication/authorisation mechanisms in a web site. In all our professional web applications we do need some sort of mechanism to verify who are users are and what privileges have in our site. This is the first post in a series of posts investigating how to implement membership (authentication+authorisation) in ASP.Net applications. We will look into the built-in web server security controls.We will look at the built...(read more)

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  • Looking into ASP.Net MVC 4.0 Mobile Development - part 2

    - by nikolaosk
    In this post I will be continuing my discussion on ASP.Net MVC 4.0 mobile development. You can have a look at my first post on the subject here . Make sure you read it and understand it well before you move one reading the remaining of this post. I will not be writing any code in this post. I will try to explain a few concepts related to the MVC 4.0 mobile functionality. In this post I will be looking into the Browser Overriding feature in ASP.Net MVC 4.0. By that I mean that we override the user agent for a given user session. This is very useful feature for people who visit a site through a device and they experience the mobile version of the site, but what they really want is the option to be able to switch to the desktop view. "Why they might want to do that?", you might wonder.Well first of all the users of our ASP.Net MVC 4.0 application will appreciate that they have the option to switch views while some others will think that they will enjoy more the contents of our website with the "desktop view" since the mobile device they view our site has a quite large display.  Obviously this is only one site. These are just different views that are rendered.To put it simply, browser overriding lets our application treat requests as if they were coming from a different browser rather than the one they are actually from. In order to do that programmatically we must have a look at the System.Web.WebPages namespace and the classes in it. Most specifically the class BrowserHelpers. Have a look at the picture below   In this class we see some extension methods for HttpContext class.These methods are called extensions-helpers methods and we use them to switch to one browser from another thus overriding the current/actual browser. These APIs have effect on layout,views and partial views and will not affect any other ASP.Net Request.Browser related functionality.The overridden browser is stored in a cookie. Let me explain what some of these methods do. SetOverriddenBrowser() -  let us set the user agent string to specific value GetOverriddenBrowser() -  let us get the overridden value ClearOverriddenBrowser() -  let us remove any overridden user agent for the current request   To recap, in our ASP.Net MVC 4.0 applications when our application is viewed in our mobile devices, we can have a link like "Desktop View" for all those who desperately want to see the site with in full desktop-browser version.We then can specify a browser type override. My controller class (snippet of code) that is responsible for handling the switching could be something like that. public class SwitchViewController : Controller{ public RedirectResult SwitchView(bool mobile, string returnUrl){if (Request.Browser.IsMobileDevice == mobile)HttpContext.ClearOverriddenBrowser();elseHttpContext.SetOverriddenBrowser(mobile ? BrowserOverride.Mobile : BrowserOverride.Desktop);return Redirect(returnUrl);}} Hope it helps!!!!

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  • Your Content Can Get Visibility Through Search Engines - Part 1

    Search engine marketing aims at getting higher search engine rankings for your website but for that you need to get yourself into the search engine Index first. Your content designed for your SEO activity should be accessible to millions of internet users and if your content is not found through the search engines, then all your search engine optimization efforts will go waste.

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  • Code refactoring with Visual Studio 2010 Part-1

    - by Jalpesh P. Vadgama
    Visual studio 2010 is a Great IDE(Integrated Development Environment) and we all are using it in day by day for our coding purpose. There are many great features provided by Visual Studio 2010 and Today I am going to show one of great feature called for code refactoring. This feature is one of the most unappreciated features of Visual Studio 2010 as lots of people still not using that and doing stuff manfully. So to explain feature let’s create a simple console application which will print first name and last name like following. And following is code for that. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}",firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } So as you can see this is a very basic console application and let’s run it to see output. So now lets explore our first feature called extract method in visual studio you can also do that via refractor menu like following. Just select the code for which you want to extract method and then click refractor menu and then click extract method. Now I am selecting three lines of code and clicking on refactor –> Extract Method just like following. Once you click menu a dialog box will appear like following. As you can I have highlighted two thing first is Method Name where I put Print as Method Name and another one Preview method signature where its smart enough to extract parameter also as We have just selected three lines with  console.writeline.  One you click ok it will extract the method and you code will be like this. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; Print(firstName, lastName); } private static void Print(string firstName, string lastName) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}", firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } So as you can see in above code its has created a static method called Print and also passed parameter for as firstname and lastname. Isn’t that great!!!. It has also created static print method as I am calling it from static void main.  Hope you liked it.. Stay tuned for more..Till that Happy programming.

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  • Code refactoring with Visual Studio 2010 Part-2

    - by Jalpesh P. Vadgama
    In previous post I have written about Extract Method Code refactoring option. In this post I am going to some other code refactoring features of Visual Studio 2010.  Renaming variables and methods is one of the most difficult task for a developer. Normally we do like this. First we will rename method or variable and then we will find all the references then do remaining over that stuff. This will be become difficult if your variable or method are referenced at so many files and so many place. But once you use refactor menu rename it will be bit Easy. I am going to use same code which I have created in my previous post. I am just once again putting that code here for your reference. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; Print(firstName, lastName); } private static void Print(string firstName, string lastName) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}", firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } Now I want to rename print method in this code. To rename the method you can select method name and then select Refactor-> Rename . Once I selected Print method and then click on rename a dialog box will appear like following. Now I am renaming this Print method to PrintMyName like following.   Now once you click OK a dialog will appear with preview of code like following. It will show preview of code. Now once you click apply. You code will be changed like following. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; PrintMyName(firstName, lastName); } private static void PrintMyName(string firstName, string lastName) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}", firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } So that’s it. This will work in multiple files also. Hope you liked it.. Stay tuned for more.. Till that Happy Programming.

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  • Installing device drivers as part of VS2008 setup application (3 replies)

    A colleague in another department has produced device drivers for some USB devices that I need to communicate with in my VS2008 .Net application, and I'm looking to simplify the installation experience for our users. Currently I just put the driver files onto the CD in a folder, and the Windows Add Hardware Wizard will usually take them through the process. What I would like to do though, is to in...

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  • Adaptive Case Management – Exposing the API – part 1 by Roger Goossens

    - by JuergenKress
    One of the most important building blocks of Adaptive Case Management is the ACM API. At one point or another you’re gonna need a way to get information (think about a list of stakeholders, available activities, milestones reached, etc.) out of the case. Since there’s no webservice available yet that exposes the internals of the case, your only option right now is the ACM API. ACM evangelist Niall Commiskey has put some samples online to give you a good feeling of the power of the ACM API. The examples show how you can access the API by means of RMI. You first need to obtain a BPMServiceClientFactory that gives access to the important services you’ll mostly be needing, i.e. the IBPMUserAuthenticationService (needed for obtaining a valid user context) and the ICaseService (the service that exposes all important case information). Now, obtaining an instance of the BPMServiceClientFactory involves some boilerplate coding in which you’ll need the RMI url and user credentials: Read the complete article here. SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Facebook Wiki Technorati Tags: ACM,API,Adaptive Case Management,Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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  • SQL University: Parallelism Week - Part 3, Settings and Options

    - by Adam Machanic
    Congratulations! You've made it back for the the third and final installment of Parallelism Week here at SQL University . So far we've covered the fundamentals of multitasking vs. parallel processing and delved into how parallel query plans actually work . Today we'll take a look at the settings and options that influence intra-query parallelism and discuss how best to set things up in various situations. Instance-Level Configuration Your database server probably has more than one logical processor....(read more)

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  • Windows Azure Evolution - Web Sites (aka Antares) Part 1

    - by Shaun
    This is the 3rd post of my Windows Azure Evolution series, focus on the new features and enhancement which was alone with the Windows Azure Platform Upgrade June 2012, announced at the MEET Windows Azure event on 7th June. In the first post I introduced the new preview developer portal and how to works for the existing features such as cloud services, storages and SQL databases. In the second one I talked about the Windows Azure .NET SDK 1.7 on the latest Visual Studio 2012 RC on Windows 8. From this one I will begin to introduce some new features. Now let’s have a look on the first one of them, Windows Azure Web Sites.   Overview Windows Azure Web Sites (WAWS), as known as Antares, was a new feature still in preview stage in this upgrade. It allows people to quickly and easily deploy websites to a highly scalable cloud environment, uses the languages and open source apps of the choice then deploy such as FTP, Git and TFS. It also can be integrated with Windows Azure services like SQL Database, Caching, CDN and Storage easily. After read its introduction we may have a question: since we can deploy a website from both cloud service web role and web site, what’s the different between them? So, let’s have a quick compare.   CLOUD SERVICE WEB SITE OS Windows Server Windows Server Virtualization Windows Azure Virtual Machine Windows Azure Virtual Machine Host IIS IIS Platform ASP.NET WebForm, ASP.NET MVC, WCF ASP.NET WebForm, ASP.NET MVC, PHP Language C#, VB.NET C#, VB.NET, PHP Database SQL Database SQL Database, MySQL Architecture Multi layered, background worker, message queuing, etc.. Simple website with backend database. VS Project Windows Azure Cloud Service ASP.NET Web Form, ASP.NET MVC, etc.. Out-of-box Gallery (none) Drupal, DotNetNuke, WordPress, etc.. Deployment Package upload, Visual Studio publish FTP, Git, TFS, WebMatrix Compute Mode Dedicate VM Shared Across VMs, Dedicate VM Scale Scale up, scale out Scale up, scale out As you can see, there are many difference between the cloud service and web site, but the main point is that, the cloud service focus on those complex architecture web application. For example, if you want to build a website with frontend layer, middle business layer and data access layer, with some background worker process connected through the message queue, then you should better use cloud service, since it provides full control of your code and application. But if you just want to build a personal blog or a  business portal, then you can use the web site. Since the web site have many galleries, you can create them even without any coding and configuration. David Pallmann have an awesome figure explains the benefits between the could service, web site and virtual machine.   Create a Personal Blog in Web Site from Gallery As I mentioned above, one of the big feature in WAWS is to build a website from an existing gallery, which means we don’t need to coding and configure. What we need to do is open the windows azure developer portal and click the NEW button, select WEB SITE and FROM GALLERY. In the popping up windows there are many websites we can choose to use. For example, for personal blog there are Orchard CMS, WordPress; for CMS there are DotNetNuke, Drupal 7, mojoPortal. Let’s select WordPress and click the next button. The next step is to configure the web site. We will need to specify the DNS name and select the subscription and region. Since the WordPress uses MySQL as its backend database, we also need to create a MySQL database as well. Windows Azure Web Sites utilize ClearDB to host the MySQL databases. You cannot create a MySQL database directly from SQL Databases section. Finally, since we selected to create a new MySQL database we need to specify the database name and region in the last step. Also we need to accept the ClearDB’s terms as well. Then windows azure platform will download the WordPress codes and deploy the MySQL database and website. Then it will be ready to use. Select the website and click the BROWSE button, the WordPress administration page will be shown. After configured the WordPress here is my personal web blog on the cloud. It took me no more than 10 minutes to establish without any coding.   Monitor, Configure, Scale and Linked Resources Let’s click into the website I had just created in the portal and have a look on what we can do. In the website details page where are five sections. - Dashboard The overall information about this website, such as the basic usage status, public URL, compute mode, FTP address, subscription and links that we can specify the deployment credentials, TFS and Git publish setting, etc.. - Monitor Some status information such as the CPU usage, memory usage etc., errors, etc.. We can add more metrics by clicking the ADD METRICS button and the bottom as well. - Configure Here we can set the configurations of our website such as the .NET and PHP runtime version, diagnostics settings, application settings and the IIS default documents. - Scale This is something interesting. In WAWS there are two compute mode or called web site mode. One is “shared”, which means our website will be shared with other web sites in a group of windows azure virtual machines. Each web site have its own process (w3wp.exe) with some sandbox technology to isolate from others. When we need to scaling-out our web site in shared mode, we actually increased the working process count. Hence in shared mode we cannot specify the virtual machine size since they are shared across all web sites. This is a little bit different than the scaling mode of the cloud service (hosted service web role and worker role). The other mode called “dedicate”, which means our web site will use the whole windows azure virtual machine. This is the same hosting behavior as cloud service web role. In web role it will be deployed on the virtual machines we specified and all of them are only used by us. In web sites dedicate mode, it’s the same. In this mode when we scaling-out our web site we will use more virtual machines, and each of them will only host our own website. And we can specify the virtual machine size in this mode. In the developer portal we can select which mode we are using from the scale section. In shared mode we can only specify the instance count, but in dedicate mode we can specify the instance size as well as the instance count. - Linked Resource The MySQL database created alone with the creation of our WordPress web site is a linked resource. We can add more linked resources in this section.   Pricing For the web site itself, since this feature is in preview period if you are using shared mode, then you will get free up to 10 web sites. But if you are using dedicate mode, the price would be the virtual machines you are using. For example, if you are using dedicate and configured two middle size virtual machines then you will pay $230.40 per month. If there is SQL Database linked to your web site then they will be charged separately based on the Pay-As-You-Go price. For example a 1GB web edition database costs $9.99 per month. And the bandwidth will be charged as well. For example 10GB outbound data transfer costs $1.20 per month. For more information about the pricing please have a look at the windows azure pricing page.   Summary Windows Azure Web Sites gives us easier and quicker way to create, develop and deploy website to window azure platform. Comparing with the cloud service web role, the WAWS have many out-of-box gallery we can use directly. So if you just want to build a blog, CMS or business portal you don’t need to learn ASP.NET, you don’t need to learn how to configure DotNetNuke, you don’t need to learn how to prepare PHP and MySQL. By using WAWS gallery you can establish a website within 10 minutes without any lines of code. But in some cases we do need to code by ourselves. We may need to tweak the layout of our pages, or we may have a traditional ASP.NET or PHP web application which needed to migrated to the cloud. Besides the gallery WAWS also provides many features to download, upload code. It also provides the feature to integrate with some version control services such as TFS and Git. And it also provides the deploy approaches through FTP and Web Deploy. In the next post I will demonstrate how to use WebMatrix to download and modify the website, and how to use TFS and Git to deploy automatically one our code changes committed.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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  • Code refactoring with Visual Studio 2010-Part 3

    - by Jalpesh P. Vadgama
    I have been writing few post about Code refactoring features of visual studio 2010 and This blog post is also one of them. In this post I am going to show you reorder parameters features in visual studio 2010. As a developer you might need to reorder parameter of a method or procedure in code for better readability of the the code and if you do this task manually then it is tedious job to do. But Visual Studio Reorder Parameter code refactoring feature can do this stuff within a minute. So let’s see how its works. For this I have created a simple console application which I have used earlier posts . Following is a code for that. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; PrintMyName(firstName, lastName); } private static void PrintMyName(string firstName, string lastName) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}", firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } Above code is very simple. It just print a firstname and lastname via PrintMyName method. Now I want to reorder the firstname and lastname parameter of PrintMyName. So for that first I have to select method and then click Refactor Menu-> Reorder parameters like following. Once you click a dialog box appears like following where it will give options to move parameter with arrow navigation like following. Now I am moving lastname parameter as first parameter like following. Once you click OK it will show a preview option where I can see the effects of changes like following. Once I clicked Apply my code will be changed like following. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; PrintMyName(lastName, firstName); } private static void PrintMyName(string lastName, string firstName) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}", firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } As you can see its very easy to use this feature. Hoped you liked it.. Stay tuned for more.. Till that happy programming.

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  • VSDB to SSDT part 3 : command-line deployment with SqlPackage.exe, replacement for Vsdbcmd.exe

    - by Etienne Giust
    For our continuous integration needs, we use a powershell script to handle deployment. A simpler approach would be to have a deployment task embedded within the build process. See the solution provided here by Jakob Ehn (a most interesting read which also dives into the '”deploying from Visual Studio” specifics) : http://geekswithblogs.net/jakob/archive/2012/04/25/deploying-ssdt-projects-with-tfs-build.aspx   For our needs, though, clearly separating our build phase from our deployment phase is important. It allows us to instantly deploy old versions. Also it is more convenient for continuous integration. So we stick with the powershell script approach. With VSDB projects, that script used to call the following command (the vsdbcmd executable was locally available, along with needed libraries): vsdbcmd.exe /a:Deploy /dd /cs:<CONNECTIONSTRING TO TARGET DB> /dsp:SQL /manifest:< PATH TO .deploymanifest FILE>   To be able to do the approximately same thing with a SSDT produced file (dacpac), you would call this command on a machine which has VS2012 installed (or the SSDT installed, see here : http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh500335%28v=vs.103%29):   C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DAC\bin\SqlPackage.exe /Action:Publish /SourceFile:<PATH TO Database.dacpac FILE> /Profile:<PATH TO .publish.xml FILE>   And from within a powershell script :   & "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\110\DAC\bin\SqlPackage.exe" /Action:Publish /SourceFile:<PATH TO Database.dacpac FILE> /Profile:<PATH TO .publish.xml FILE>   The command will consume a publish.xml file where the connection string and the deployment options are specified. You must be familiar with it if you have done some deployments from visual studio. If not, please refer to the above mentioned article by Jakob Ehn.   It is also possible to pass those parameters in the command line. The complete SqlPackage.exe syntax is detailed here : http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh550080%28v=vs.103%29.aspx

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  • OCS Disaster Recovery – Part 1

    Office Communications Server stores its data in a variety of locations, which can make backing it up and disaster recovery a slightly tricky business. Thankfully, Johan Velduis is here to tell which databases and fileshares we need to worry about, and give us peace of mind.

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  • Extreme Optimization – Curves (Function Mapping) Part 1

    - by JoshReuben
    Overview ·        a curve is a functional map relationship between two factors (i.e. a function - However, the word function is a reserved word). ·        You can use the EO API to create common types of functions, find zeroes and calculate derivatives - currently supports constants, lines, quadratic curves, polynomials and Chebyshev approximations. ·        A function basis is a set of functions that can be combined to form a particular class of functions.   The Curve class ·        the abstract base class from which all other curve classes are derived – it provides the following methods: ·        ValueAt(Double) - evaluates the curve at a specific point. ·        SlopeAt(Double) - evaluates the derivative ·        Integral(Double, Double) - evaluates the definite integral over a specified interval. ·        TangentAt(Double) - returns a Line curve that is the tangent to the curve at a specific point. ·        FindRoots() - attempts to find all the roots or zeroes of the curve. ·        A particular type of curve is defined by a Parameters property, of type ParameterCollection   The GeneralCurve class ·        defines a curve whose value and, optionally, derivative and integrals, are calculated using arbitrary methods. A general curve has no parameters. ·        Constructor params:  RealFunction delegates – 1 for the function, and optionally another 2 for the derivative and integral ·        If no derivative  or integral function is supplied, they are calculated via the NumericalDifferentiation  and AdaptiveIntegrator classes in the Extreme.Mathematics.Calculus namespace. // the function is 1/(1+x^2) private double f(double x) {     return 1 / (1 + x*x); }   // Its derivative is -2x/(1+x^2)^2 private double df(double x) {     double y = 1 + x*x;     return -2*x* / (y*y); }   // The integral of f is Arctan(x), which is available from the Math class. var c1 = new GeneralCurve (new RealFunction(f), new RealFunction(df), new RealFunction(System.Math.Atan)); // Find the tangent to this curve at x=1 (the Line class is derived from Curve) Line l1 = c1.TangentAt(1);

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  • Practical Approaches to increasing Virtualization Density-Part 1

    - by Girish Venkat
    Happy New year everyone!. Let me kick start the year off by talking about Virtualization density.  What is it?The number of virtual servers that a physical server can support and it's increase from the prior physical infrastructure as a percentage. Why is it important?This is important because the density should be indicative of how well the server is getting consumed?So what is wrong ?Virtualization density fails to convey the "Real usage" of a server.  Most of the hypervisor based O/S Virtualization  evangelists take pride in the fact that they are now running a Virtual Server farm of X machines compared to a Physical server farm of Y (with Y less than X obviously). The real question is - has your utilization of the server really increased or not.  In an internal study that was conducted by one of the top financial institution - the utilization of servers only went up by 15% from 30 to 45. So, this really means that just by increasing virtualization density one will not be achieving the goal of using up the servers in their server farm better.  I will write about what the possible approaches are to increase virtualization density in the next entry. 

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  • .NET Security Part 3

    - by Simon Cooper
    You write a security-related application that allows addins to be used. These addins (as dlls) can be downloaded from anywhere, and, if allowed to run full-trust, could open a security hole in your application. So you want to restrict what the addin dlls can do, using a sandboxed appdomain, as explained in my previous posts. But there needs to be an interaction between the code running in the sandbox and the code that created the sandbox, so the sandboxed code can control or react to things that happen in the controlling application. Sandboxed code needs to be able to call code outside the sandbox. Now, there are various methods of allowing cross-appdomain calls, the two main ones being .NET Remoting with MarshalByRefObject, and WCF named pipes. I’m not going to cover the details of setting up such mechanisms here, or which you should choose for your specific situation; there are plenty of blogs and tutorials covering such issues elsewhere. What I’m going to concentrate on here is the more general problem of running fully-trusted code within a sandbox, which is required in most methods of app-domain communication and control. Defining assemblies as fully-trusted In my last post, I mentioned that when you create a sandboxed appdomain, you can pass in a list of assembly strongnames that run as full-trust within the appdomain: // get the Assembly object for the assembly Assembly assemblyWithApi = ... // get the StrongName from the assembly's collection of evidence StrongName apiStrongName = assemblyWithApi.Evidence.GetHostEvidence<StrongName>(); // create the sandbox AppDomain sandbox = AppDomain.CreateDomain( "Sandbox", null, appDomainSetup, restrictedPerms, apiStrongName); Any assembly that is loaded into the sandbox with a strong name the same as one in the list of full-trust strong names is unconditionally given full-trust permissions within the sandbox, irregardless of permissions and sandbox setup. This is very powerful! You should only use this for assemblies that you trust as much as the code creating the sandbox. So now you have a class that you want the sandboxed code to call: // within assemblyWithApi public class MyApi { public static void MethodToDoThings() { ... } } // within the sandboxed dll public class UntrustedSandboxedClass { public void DodgyMethod() { ... MyApi.MethodToDoThings(); ... } } However, if you try to do this, you get quite an ugly exception: MethodAccessException: Attempt by security transparent method ‘UntrustedSandboxedClass.DodgyMethod()’ to access security critical method ‘MyApi.MethodToDoThings()’ failed. Security transparency, which I covered in my first post in the series, has entered the picture. Partially-trusted code runs at the Transparent security level, fully-trusted code runs at the Critical security level, and Transparent code cannot under any circumstances call Critical code. Security transparency and AllowPartiallyTrustedCallersAttribute So the solution is easy, right? Make MethodToDoThings SafeCritical, then the transparent code running in the sandbox can call the api: [SecuritySafeCritical] public static void MethodToDoThings() { ... } However, this doesn’t solve the problem. When you try again, exactly the same exception is thrown; MethodToDoThings is still running as Critical code. What’s going on? By default, a fully-trusted assembly always runs Critical code, irregardless of any security attributes on its types and methods. This is because it may not have been designed in a secure way when called from transparent code – as we’ll see in the next post, it is easy to open a security hole despite all the security protections .NET 4 offers. When exposing an assembly to be called from partially-trusted code, the entire assembly needs a security audit to decide what should be transparent, safe critical, or critical, and close any potential security holes. This is where AllowPartiallyTrustedCallersAttribute (APTCA) comes in. Without this attribute, fully-trusted assemblies run Critical code, and partially-trusted assemblies run Transparent code. When this attribute is applied to an assembly, it confirms that the assembly has had a full security audit, and it is safe to be called from untrusted code. All code in that assembly runs as Transparent, but SecurityCriticalAttribute and SecuritySafeCriticalAttribute can be applied to individual types and methods to make those run at the Critical or SafeCritical levels, with all the restrictions that entails. So, to allow the sandboxed assembly to call the full-trust API assembly, simply add APCTA to the API assembly: [assembly: AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers] and everything works as you expect. The sandboxed dll can call your API dll, and from there communicate with the rest of the application. Conclusion That’s the basics of running a full-trust assembly in a sandboxed appdomain, and allowing a sandboxed assembly to access it. The key is AllowPartiallyTrustedCallersAttribute, which is what lets partially-trusted code call a fully-trusted assembly. However, an assembly with APTCA applied to it means that you have run a full security audit of every type and member in the assembly. If you don’t, then you could inadvertently open a security hole. I’ll be looking at ways this can happen in my next post.

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  • Implement blogging system as a part of a web application/website

    - by Rana
    I am working on developing a website, where registered members will be able to write blog/tutorials and each registered site user will be a registered blogger automatically. Site news/announcements will be posted through it too. Now, will it be a wise idea to use wordpress for this purpose, or should I develop custom blogging system myself? Also, is there any impact if I use a subdomain for the blog section. user same domain (sub directory url) for the blog section. Looking forward to hear your feedback/comments/suggestions. Thanks.

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