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• Why are my scene's depth values not being written to my DepthStencilView?

  - by dotminic

  I'm rendering to a depth map in order to use it as a shader resource view, but when I sample the depth map in my shader, the red component has a value of 1 while all other channels have a value of 0. The Texture2D I use to create the DepthStencilView is bound with the D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL | D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE flags, the DepthStencilView has the DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT format, and the ShaderResourceView's format is D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D. I'm setting the depth map render target, then i'm drawing my scene, and once that is done, I'm the back buffer render target and depth stencil are set on the output merger, and I'm using the depth map shader resource view as a texture in my shader, but the depth value in the red channel is constantly 1. I'm not getting any runtime errors from D3D, and no compile time warning or anything. I'm not sure what I'm missing here at all. I have the impression the depth value is always being set to 1. I have not set any depth/stencil states, and AFAICT depth writing is enabled by default. The geometry is being rendered correctly so I'm pretty sure depth writing is enabled. The device is created with the appropriate debug flags; #if defined(DEBUG) || defined(_DEBUG) deviceFlags |= D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG | D3D11_RLDO_DETAIL; #endif This is how I create my depth map. I've omitted error checking for the sake of brevity D3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC td; td.Width = width; td.Height = height; td.MipLevels = 1; td.ArraySize = 1; td.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32_TYPELESS; td.SampleDesc.Count = 1; td.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; td.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DEFAULT; td.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL | D3D11_BIND_SHADER_RESOURCE; td.CPUAccessFlags = 0; td.MiscFlags = 0; _device->CreateTexture2D(&texDesc, 0, &this->_depthMap); D3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC dsvd; ZeroMemory(&dsvd, sizeof(dsvd)); dsvd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_D32_FLOAT; dsvd.ViewDimension = D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D; dsvd.Texture2D.MipSlice = 0; _device->CreateDepthStencilView(this->_depthMap, &dsvd, &this->_dmapDSV); D3D11_SHADER_RESOURCE_VIEW_DESC srvd; srvd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R32_FLOAT; srvd.ViewDimension = D3D11_SRV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D; srvd.Texture2D.MipLevels = texDesc.MipLevels; srvd.Texture2D.MostDetailedMip = 0; _device->CreateShaderResourceView(this->_depthMap, &srvd, &this->_dmapSRV);

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• How to synchronise the acceleration, velocity and position of the monsters on the server with the players?

  - by Nick

  I'm building an MMO using Node.js, and there are monsters roaming around. I can make them move around on the server using vector variables acceleration, velocity and position. acceleration = steeringForce / mass; velocity += acceleration * dTime; position += velocity * dTime; Right now I just send the positions over, and tell the players these are the "target positions" of the monsters, and let the monsters move towards the target positions on the client with a speed dependant on the distance of the target position. It works but looks rather strange. How do I synchronise these properly with the players without looking funny to them, taking into account the server lag? The problem is that I don't know how to make use of the correct acceleration/velocity values here; right now they just move directly in a straight line to the target position instead of accelerating/braking there properly. How can I implement such behaviour?

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• Are there any OpenGL ES 2.0 examples for JOGL?

  - by fjdutoit

  I've scoured the internet for the last few hours looking for an example of how to run even the most basic OpenGL ES 2 example using JOGL but "by Jupiter!" it has been a total fail. I tried converting the android example from the OpenGL ES 2.0 Programming Guide examples (and at the same time looking at the WebGL example -- which worked fine) yet without any success. Are there any examples out there? If anyone else wants some extra help regarding this question see this thread on the official Jogamp forum.

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• How do I detect if sprite should be going up or down?

  - by Geore Shg

  I use the following code to detect if a sprite should be going up or down: If (pos.Y + 100) >= Sprite.BottomY Then Going_up = True pos.Y = Sprite.BottomY - 130 End If If pos.Y <= Sprite.TopY Then Going_up = False pos.Y = Sprite.TopY - 1 Vel.Y = 3 End If Then my response code: If Going_up Then Vel.Y -= CSng(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds / 40) pos.Y -= Vel.Y Else Vel.Y += CSng(gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds / 40) pos.Y += Vel.Y End If Sprite.velocity = Vel Sprite.position = pos But it's pretty terrible. It only works when the sprite starts at the top, and when I want to change the BottomY and TopY, it just starts glitching. What is a better to detect if the sprite should be going up or down?

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• Spherical to Cartesian Coordinates

  - by user1258455

  Well I'm reading the Frank's Luna DirectX10 book and, while I'm trying to understand the first demo, I found something that's not very clear at least for me. In the updateScene method, when I press A, S, W or D, the angles mTheta and mPhi change, but after that, there are three lines of code that I don't understand exactly what they do: // Convert Spherical to Cartesian coordinates: mPhi measured from +y // and mTheta measured counterclockwise from -z. float x = 5.0f*sinf(mPhi)*sinf(mTheta); float z = -5.0f*sinf(mPhi)*cosf(mTheta); float y = 5.0f*cosf(mPhi); I mean, this explains that they do, it says that it converts the spherical coordinates to cartesian coordinates, but, mathematically, why? why the x value is calculated by the product of the sins of both angles? And the z by the product of the sine and cosine? and why the y just uses the cosine? After that, those values (x, y and z) are used to build the view matrix. The book doesn't explain (mathematically) why those values are calculated like that (and I didn't find anything to help me to understand it at the first Part of the book: "Mathematical prerequisites"), so it would be good if someone could explain me what exactly happen in those code lines or just give me a link that helps me to understand the math part. Thanks in advance!

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• How do I randomly generate a top-down 2D level with separate sections and is infinite?

  - by Bagofsheep

  I've read many other questions/answers about random level generation but most of them deal with either randomly/proceduraly generating 2D levels viewed from the side or 3D levels. What I'm trying to achieve is sort of like you were looking straight down on a Minecraft map. There is no height, but the borders of each "biome" or "section" of the map are random and varied. I already have basic code that can generate a perfectly square level with the same tileset (randomly picking segments from the tileset image), but I've encountered a major issue for wanting the level to be infinite: Beyond a certain point, the tiles' positions become negative on one or both of the axis. The code I use to only draw tiles the player can see relies on taking the tiles position and converting it to the index number that represents it in the array. As you well know, arrays cannot have a negative index. Here is some of my code: This generates the square (or rectangle) of tiles: //Scale is in tiles public void Generate(int sX, int sY) { scaleX = sX; scaleY = sY; for (int y = 0; y <= scaleY; y++) { tiles.Add(new List<Tile>()); for (int x = 0; x <= scaleX; x++) { tiles[tiles.Count - 1].Add(tileset.randomTile(x * tileset.TileSize, y * tileset.TileSize)); } } } Before I changed the code after realizing an array index couldn't be negative my for loops looked something like this to center the map around (0, 0): for (int y = -scaleY / 2; y <= scaleY / 2; y++) for (int x = -scaleX / 2; x <= scaleX / 2; x++) Here is the code that draws the tiles: int startX = (int)Math.Floor((player.Position.X - (graphics.Viewport.Width) - tileset.TileSize) / tileset.TileSize); int endX = (int)Math.Ceiling((player.Position.X + (graphics.Viewport.Width) + tileset.TileSize) / tileset.TileSize); int startY = (int)Math.Floor((player.Position.Y - (graphics.Viewport.Height) - tileset.TileSize) / tileset.TileSize); int endY = (int)Math.Ceiling((player.Position.Y + (graphics.Viewport.Height) + tileset.TileSize) / tileset.TileSize); for (int y = startY; y < endY; y++) { for (int x = startX; x < endX; x++) { if (x >= 0 && y >= 0 && x <= scaleX && y <= scaleY) tiles[y][x].Draw(spriteBatch); } } So to summarize what I'm asking: First, how do I randomly generate a top-down 2D map with different sections (not chunks per se, but areas with different tile sets) and second, how do I get past this negative array index issue?

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• Why are only some of my objects being rendered?

  - by BleedObsidian

  Every time I create a new asteroid the previous one is no longer rendered? I did some debugging and printed out the size of Array-List 'Small' and when a new asteroid is created it doesn't go down, so the thread is still there it's just not being rendered, Why? StatePlay: package me.bleedobsidian.astroidjump; import org.newdawn.slick.GameContainer; import org.newdawn.slick.Graphics; import org.newdawn.slick.SlickException; import org.newdawn.slick.state.BasicGameState; import org.newdawn.slick.state.StateBasedGame; public class StatePlay extends BasicGameState { int stateID = 10; Player player; Asteroids asteroids; StatePlay(int stateID) { this.stateID = stateID; } @Override public int getID() { return stateID; } @Override public void init(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg) throws SlickException { ResManager.loadImages(); player = new Player(); asteroids = new Asteroids(); } @Override public void render(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg, Graphics g) throws SlickException { g.setAntiAlias(true); player.render(g); asteroids.render(g); g.drawString("Asteroids: " + Asteroids.small.size(), 10, 25); } @Override public void update(GameContainer gc, StateBasedGame sbg, int delta) throws SlickException { player.update(gc, delta); asteroids.update(delta); } } Asteroids: package me.bleedobsidian.astroidjump; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Timer; import org.newdawn.slick.Graphics; import org.newdawn.slick.Image; import org.newdawn.slick.SpriteSheet; public class Asteroids { public static ArrayList<Asteroid_Small> small = new ArrayList<Asteroid_Small>(); static SpriteSheet small_sprites = new SpriteSheet(ResManager.asteroids_small_ss, 32, 32); static Image small_1 = small_sprites.getSubImage(0, 0); static Image small_2 = small_sprites.getSubImage(1, 0); static Image small_3 = small_sprites.getSubImage(2, 0); static Image small_4 = small_sprites.getSubImage(3, 0); static boolean asteroids = true; static int diff = 0; Asteroids() { Task_Asteroids TaskA = new Task_Asteroids(); Timer timer = new Timer("Asteroids"); if(diff == 0) { timer.schedule(TaskA, 0, 4000); } else if(diff == 1) { timer.schedule(TaskA, 0, 3000); } } public static Image chooseSmallImage(int i) { if(i == 0) { return small_1; } else if(i == 1) { return small_2; } else if(i == 2) { return small_3; } else if(i == 3) { return small_4; } else { return small_1; } } public static void level_manager(float x) { if(x < 1000) { diff = 0; } else if(x < 2000) { diff = 1; } else if(x < 3000) { diff = 2; } else if(x < 5000) { diff = 3; } else if(x < 10000) { diff = 4; } else { diff = 5; } } public void update(int delta) { for(int s = 0; s < small.size(); s++) { Asteroid_Small as = small.get(s); as.update(delta); } } public void render(Graphics g) { for(int s = 0; s < small.size(); s++) { Asteroid_Small as = small.get(s); as.render(g); } } public static void setAsteroids(boolean tf) { asteroids = tf; } } Asteroid_Small: package me.bleedobsidian.astroidjump; import org.newdawn.slick.Graphics; import org.newdawn.slick.Image; public class Asteroid_Small { private static Image me; private static float x = 0; private static float y = 0; private static float speed = 0; private static float rotation = 0; private static float rotation_speed = 0; Asteroid_Small(Image i, float x, float y, float rs, float sp) { me = i; Asteroid_Small.x = x; Asteroid_Small.y = y; Asteroid_Small.rotation_speed = rs; Asteroid_Small.speed = sp; } public void update(int delta) { x -= speed * delta; rotation += rotation_speed * delta; me.setRotation(rotation); } public void render(Graphics g) { g.drawImage(me, x, y); } } Task_Asteroid: package me.bleedobsidian.astroidjump; import java.util.TimerTask; public class Task_Asteroids extends TimerTask { public void run() { if(Asteroids.diff == 0) { int randImage = (int) (Math.random() * 4); int randHeight = (int) (Math.random() * 480); Asteroids.small.add(new Asteroid_Small(Asteroids.chooseSmallImage(randImage), Player.x + 960, randHeight, 0.05f, 0.04f)); } } }

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• Splitting Pygame functionality between classes or modules?

  - by sec_goat

  I am attempting to make my pygame application more modular so that different functionalities are split up into different classes and modules. I am having some trouble getting pygame to allow me to draw or load images in secondary classes when the display has been set and pygame.init() has been done in my main class. I have typically used C# and XNA to accomplish this sort of behavior, but this time I need to use python. How do I init pygame in class1, then create an instance of class2 which loads and converts() images. I have tried pygame.init() in class 2 but then it tells me no display mode has been set, when it has been set in class1. I am under the impression i do not wnat to create multiple pygame.displays as that gets problematic I am probably missing something pythonic and simple but I am not sure what. How do I create a Display class, init python and then have other modules do my work like loading images, fonts etc.? here is the simplest version of what I am doing: class1: def __init__(self): self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((600,400)) self.imageLoader = class2() class2: def __init__(self): self.images = ['list of images'] def load_images(): self.images = os.listdir('./images/') #get all images in the images directory for img in self.images: #read all images in the directory and load them into pygame new_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images', img)).convert() scale_img = pygame.transform.scale(new_img, (pygame.display.Info().current_w, pygame.display.Info().current_h)) self.images.append(scale_img) if __name__ == "__main__": c1 = class1() c1.imageLoader.load_images() Of course when it tries to load an convert the images it tells me pygame has not been initialized, so i throw in a pygame.init() in class2 ( i have heard it is safe to init multiple times) and then the error goes to pygame.error: No video mode has been set

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• Animations not accepted in animator

  - by Lautaro

  In the official Unity Animator State Machine tutorial video animation clips are dragged out from the assets folder into the animator and dropped. I have a 3D model that i bought online to experiment with that comes with animations. I added a custom made animation as well. These all work well in my demo project. But when i add a animator to the assets and try to drag and drop animations onto it it doesnt work. I get a forbidden-sign as a mouse pointer. I try to add animations through the inspector but that does not work either. The tutorials makes it seem so easy and does not talk anything about what animations can be used. What am i doing wrong?

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• TGA loader: reverse height

  - by aVoX

  I wrote a TGA image loader in Java which is working perfectly for files created with GIMP as long as they are saved with the option "origin" set to "Top Left" (Note: Actually TGA files are meant to be stored upside down - "Bottom Left" in GIMP). My problem is that I want my image loader to be capable of reading all different kinds of TGAs, so my question is, how do I flip the image upside down? Note that I store all image data inside a one-dimensional byte array, because OpenGL (glTexImage2D to be specific) requires it that way. Thanks in advance.

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• Maya is lagging in a specific way...?

  - by Aerovistae

  My Maya installation worked perfectly. It is not my computer. Something caused it to stop working overnight, somehow. When I try to drag a vertex or something like that, it moves the vertex, but then I have to click like 3 times somewhere outside the mesh before the actual mesh will catch up and follow the vertex. Until I do that, it just stays as it was, with a floating vertex somewhere inside it or outside it. It makes modeling borderline impossible and completely infuriating. What ought to be happening is what we're all used to-- as I move the vertex, the mesh follows it actively, so I can see what it looks like at every given moment until I release the vertex in its new position. Other weird thing: this only applies to complex meshes, like a couple thousand faces. A simple cube works fine. What gives?? Anybody?

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• How can I get textures on edge of walls like in Super Metroid and Aquaria?

  - by meds

  Games like Super Metroid and Aquaria present the terrain with the other facing parts having rocks and stuff while deeper behind them (i.e. underground) there's different detail or just black. I would like to do something similar using polygons. Terrain is created in my current level as a set of overlapping square boxes. I'm not sure if this rendering method will work such a system for creating terrain but if anyone has ideas I'd love to hear them. Otherwise I'd like to know how I should re-write the terrain rendering system so it actually works to draw terrain in this manner...

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• Procedural Planets, Heightmaps and Textures

  - by henryprescott

  I am currently working on an OpenGL procedural planet generator. I hope to use it for a space RPG, that will not allow players to go down to the surface of a planet so I have ignored anything ROAM related. At the momement I am drawing a cube with VBOs and mapping onto a sphere. I am familiar with most fractal heightmap generating techniques and have already implemented my own version of midpoint displacement(not that useful in this case I know). My question is, what is the best way to procedurally generate the heightmap. I have looked at libnoise which allows me to make tilable heightmaps/textures, but as far as I can see I would need to generate a net like this. Leaving the tiling obvious. Could anyone advise me on the best route to take? Any input would be much appreciated. Thanks, Henry.

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• b2Body moves without stopping

  - by SentineL

  I got a quite strange bug. It is difficult to explain it in two words, but i'll try to do this in short. My b2Body has restitution, friction, density, mass and collision group. I controlling my b2Body via setting linear velocity to it (called on every iteration): (void)moveToDirection:(CGPoint)direction onlyHorizontal:(BOOL)horizontal { b2Vec2 velocity = [controlledObject getBody]-GetLinearVelocity(); double horizontalSpeed = velocity.x + controlledObject.acceleration * direction.x; velocity.x = (float32) (abs((int) horizontalSpeed) < controlledObject.runSpeed ? horizontalSpeed : controlledObject.maxSpeed * direction.x); if (!horizontal) { velocity.y = velocity.y + controlledObject.runSpeed * direction.y; } [controlledObject getBody]->SetLinearVelocity(velocity); } My floor is static b2Body, it has as restitution, friction, density, mass and same collision group in some reason, I'm setting b2Body's friction of my Hero to zero when it is moving, and returning it to 1 when he stops. When I'm pushing run button, hero runs. when i'm releasing it, he stops. All of this works perfect. On jumping, I'm setting linear velocity to my Hero: (void)jump { b2Vec2 velocity = [controlledObject getBody]->GetLinearVelocity(); velocity.y = velocity.y + [[AppDel cfg] getHeroJumpVlelocity]; [controlledObject getBody]->SetLinearVelocity(velocity); } If I'll run, jump, and release run button, while he is in air, all will work fine. And here is my problem: If I'll run, jump, and continue running on landing (or when he goes from one static body to another: there is small fall, probably), Hero will start move, like he has no friction, but he has! I checked this via beakpoints: he has friction, but I can move left of right, and he will never stop, until i'll jump (or go from one static body to another), with unpressed running button. I allready tried: Set friction to body on every iteration double-check am I setting friction to right fixture. set Linear Damping to Hero: his move slows down on gugged moveing. A little more code: I have a sensor and body fixtures in my hero: (void) addBodyFixture { b2CircleShape dynamicBox; dynamicBox.m_radius = [[AppDel cfg] getHeroRadius]; b2FixtureDef bodyFixtureDef; bodyFixtureDef.shape = &dynamicBox; bodyFixtureDef.density = 1.0f; bodyFixtureDef.friction = [[AppDel cfg] getHeroFriction]; bodyFixtureDef.restitution = [[AppDel cfg] getHeroRestitution]; bodyFixtureDef.filter.categoryBits = 0x0001; bodyFixtureDef.filter.maskBits = 0x0001; bodyFixtureDef.filter.groupIndex = 0; bodyFixtureDef.userData = [NSNumber numberWithInt:FIXTURE_BODY]; [physicalBody addFixture:bodyFixtureDef]; } (void) addSensorFixture { b2CircleShape sensorBox; sensorBox.m_radius = [[AppDel cfg] getHeroRadius] * 0.95; sensorBox.m_p.Set(0, -[[AppDel cfg] getHeroRadius] / 10); b2FixtureDef sensor; sensor.shape = &sensorBox; sensor.filter.categoryBits = 0x0001; sensor.filter.maskBits = 0x0001; sensor.filter.groupIndex = 0; sensor.isSensor = YES; sensor.userData = [NSNumber numberWithInt:FIXTURE_SENSOR]; [physicalBody addFixture:sensor]; } Here I'm tracking is hero in air: void FixtureContactListener::BeginContact(b2Contact* contact) { // We need to copy out the data because the b2Contact passed in // is reused. Squirrel *squirrel = (Squirrel *)contact->GetFixtureB()->GetBody()->GetUserData(); if (squirrel) { [squirrel addContact]; } } void FixtureContactListener::EndContact(b2Contact* contact) { Squirrel *squirrel = (Squirrel *)contact->GetFixtureB()->GetBody()->GetUserData(); if (squirrel) { [squirrel removeContact]; } } here is Hero's logic on contacts: - (void) addContact { if (contactCount == 0) [self landing]; contactCount++; } - (void) removeContact { contactCount--; if (contactCount == 0) [self flying]; if (contactCount <0) contactCount = 0; } - (void)landing { inAir = NO; acceleration = [[AppDel cfg] getHeroRunAcceleration]; [sprite stopAllActions]; (running ? [sprite runAction:[self runAction]] : [sprite runAction:[self standAction]]); } - (void)flying { inAir = YES; acceleration = [[AppDel cfg] getHeroAirAcceleration]; [sprite stopAllActions]; [self flyAction]; } here is Hero's moving logic: - (void)stop { running = NO; if (!inAir) { [sprite stopAllActions]; [sprite runAction:[self standAction]]; } } - (void)left { [physicalBody setFriction:0]; if (!running && !inAir) { [sprite stopAllActions]; [sprite runAction:[self runAction]]; } running = YES; moveingDirection = NO; [bodyControls moveToDirection:CGPointMake(-1, 0) onlyHorizontal:YES]; } - (void)right { [physicalBody setFriction:0]; if (!running && !inAir) { [sprite stopAllActions]; [sprite runAction:[self runAction]]; } running = YES; moveingDirection = YES; [bodyControls moveToDirection:CGPointMake(1, 0) onlyHorizontal:YES]; } - (void)jump { if (!inAir) { [bodyControls jump]; } } and here is my update method (called on every iteration): - (void)update:(NSMutableDictionary *)buttons { if (!isDead) { [self updateWithButtonName:BUTTON_LEFT inButtons:buttons whenPressed:@selector(left) whenUnpressed:@selector(stop)]; [self updateWithButtonName:BUTTON_RIGHT inButtons:buttons whenPressed:@selector(right) whenUnpressed:@selector(stop)]; [self updateWithButtonName:BUTTON_UP inButtons:buttons whenPressed:@selector(jump) whenUnpressed:@selector(nothing)]; [self updateWithButtonName:BUTTON_DOWN inButtons:buttons whenPressed:@selector(nothing) whenUnpressed:@selector(nothing)]; [sprite setFlipX:(moveingDirection)]; } [self checkPosition]; if (!running) [physicalBody setFriction:[[AppDel cfg] getHeroFriction]]; else [physicalBody setFriction:0]; } - (void)updateWithButtonName:(NSString *)buttonName inButtons:(NSDictionary *)buttons whenPressed:(SEL)pressedSelector whenUnpressed:(SEL)unpressedSelector { NSNumber *buttonNumber = [buttons objectForKey:buttonName]; if (buttonNumber == nil) return; if ([buttonNumber boolValue]) [self performSelector:pressedSelector]; else [self performSelector:unpressedSelector]; } - (void)checkPosition { b2Body *body = [self getBody]; b2Vec2 position = body->GetPosition(); CGPoint inWorldPosition = [[AppDel cfg] worldMeterPointFromScreenPixel:CGPointMake(position.x * PTM_RATIO, position.y * PTM_RATIO)]; if (inWorldPosition.x < 0 || inWorldPosition.x > WORLD_WIDGH / PTM_RATIO || inWorldPosition.y <= 0) { [self kill]; } }

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• Rending 2D Tile World (With Player In The Middle)

  - by Mick

  What I have at the moment is a series of data structures I'm using, and I would like to render the world onto the screen (just the visible parts). I've actually already done this several times (lots of rewrites), but it's a bit buggy (rounding seems to make the screen jump ever so slightly every x tiles the player walks past). Basically I've been confusing myself heavily on what I feel should be a pretty simple problem... so here I am asking for some help! OK! So I have a 50x50 array holding the tiles of the world. I have the player position as 2 floats, x ([0, 49]) and y ([0, 49]) in that array. I have the application size exactly in pixels (x and y). I have an arbitrary TILE_SIZE static int (based on screen pixels). What I think is heavily confusing me is using a 2d orthogonal projection in opengl which maps (0,0) to the top left of the screen and (SCREEN_SIZE_X, SCREEN_SIZE_Y) to the bottom right of the screen. gl.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_PROJECTION); gl.glLoadIdentity(); glu.gluOrtho2D(0, getActualWidth(), getActualHeight(), 0); gl.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW); gl.glLoadIdentity(); The map tiles are set so that the (0,0) in the array is the bottom left. And the player has to be in the middle on the screen (SCREEN_SIZE_X/2, SCREEN_SIZE_Y/2). What I've been doing so far is trying to render 1-2 tiles more all around what would be displayed on the screen so that I don't have to worry about figuring out rendering half a tile from the top left, depending where the player is. It seems like such an easy problem but after spending about 40+hours on it rewriting it many times I think I'm at a point where I just can't think clearly anymore... Any help would be appreciated. It would be great if someone can provide some very basic pseudo code on keeping the player in the middle when your projection is mapped to screen coordinates and only rendering basically the tiles that you would be any be see. Thanks!

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• How to prevent "underwater sight" in games

  - by CPP_Person

  In many games where the player can go underwater, it seems like when you look where the top half of the screen is in the air, and the bottom half the screen is in the water, it's almost like the water doesn't exist and the player is... flying slowly with water sounds? Is there a logical way to solve this? An algorithm? Doesn't seem like any solution has come up yet since many games still have this. I don't want to make the same mistake.

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• How do I use unpackHalf2x16?

  - by user1032861

  I'm trying to use (un)packHalf2x16, without success so far. I'm drawing with: glVertexAttribIPointer(0, 2, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0, 0); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glDrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, n_points); glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); and on the shader #version 330 core #extension GL_ARB_shading_language_packing : require in uvec2 A0; // (...) vec4 t = vec4(unpackHalf2x16(A0.x), unpackHalf2x16(A0.y)); But nothing gets drawn. I'm pretty sure buffer's content is right, and if I use vec4 t = vec4(0); I can see it's working properly. How is this packing / unpacking thing supposed to work? I can't find any example.

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• How to set sprite source coordinates?

  - by ChaosDev

  I am creating own sprite drawer with DX11 on C++. Works fine but I dont know how to apply source rectangle to texture coordinates of rendering surface(for animation sprite sheets) //source = (0,0,32,64); //RECT D3DXVECTOR2 t0 = D3DXVECTOR2( 1.0f, 0.0f); D3DXVECTOR2 t1 = D3DXVECTOR2( 1.0f, 1.0f); D3DXVECTOR2 t2 = D3DXVECTOR2( 0.0f, 1.0f); D3DXVECTOR2 t3 = D3DXVECTOR2( 0.0f, 1.0f); D3DXVECTOR2 t4 = D3DXVECTOR2( 0.0f, 0.0f); D3DXVECTOR2 t5 = D3DXVECTOR2( 1.0f, 0.0f); VertexPositionColorTexture vertices[] = { { D3DXVECTOR3( dest.left+dest.right, dest.top, z),D3DXVECTOR4(1,1,1,1), t0}, { D3DXVECTOR3( dest.left+dest.right, dest.top+dest.bottom, z),D3DXVECTOR4(1,1,1,1), t1}, { D3DXVECTOR3( dest.left, dest.top+dest.bottom, z),D3DXVECTOR4(1,1,1,1), t2}, { D3DXVECTOR3( dest.left, dest.top+dest.bottom, z),D3DXVECTOR4(1,1,1,1), t3}, { D3DXVECTOR3( dest.left , dest.top, z),D3DXVECTOR4(1,1,1,1), t4}, { D3DXVECTOR3( dest.left+dest.right, dest.top, z),D3DXVECTOR4(1,1,1,1), t5}, };

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• Problem trying to lock framerate at 60 FPS

  - by shad0w

  I've written a simple class to limit the framerate of my current project. But it does not work as it should. Here is the code: void FpsCounter::Process() { deltaTime = static_cast<double>(frameTimer.GetMsecs()); waitTime = 1000.0/fpsLimit - deltaTime; frameTimer.Reset(); if(waitTime <= 0) { std::cout << "error, waittime: " << waitTime << std::endl; } else { SDL_Delay(static_cast<Uint32>(waitTime)); } if(deltaTime == 0) { currFps = -1; } else { currFps = 1000/deltaTime; } std::cout << "--Timings--" << std::endl; std::cout << "Delta: \t" << deltaTime << std::endl; std::cout << "Delay: \t" << waitTime << std::endl; std::cout << "FPS: \t" << currFps << std::endl; std::cout << "-- --" << std::endl; } Timer::Timer() { startMsecs = 0; } Timer::~Timer() { // TODO Auto-generated destructor stub } void Timer::Start() { started = true; paused = false; Reset(); } void Timer::Pause() { if(started && !paused) { paused = true; pausedMsecs = SDL_GetTicks() - startMsecs; } } void Timer::Resume() { if(paused) { paused = false; startMsecs = SDL_GetTicks() - pausedMsecs; pausedMsecs = 0; } } int Timer::GetMsecs() { if(started) { if(paused) { return pausedMsecs; } else { return SDL_GetTicks() - startMsecs; } } return 0; } void Timer::Reset() { startMsecs = SDL_GetTicks(); } The "FpsCounter::Process()" Method is called everytime at the end of my gameloop. I've got the problem that the loop is correctly delayed only every second frame, so it runs one frame delayed at 60 FPS and the next without delay at over 1000 fps. I am searching the error quite a while now, but I do not find it. I hope somebody can point me in the right direction.

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• What are the steps taken by this GLSL code?

  - by user827992

  1 void main(void) 2 { 3 vec2 pos = mod(gl_FragCoord.xy, vec2(50.0)) - vec2(25.0); 4 float dist_squared = dot(pos, pos); 5 6 gl_FragColor = (dist_squared < 400.0) 7 ? vec4(.90, .90, .90, 1.0) 8 : vec4(.20, .20, .40, 1.0); 9 } taken from http://people.freedesktop.org/~idr/OpenGL_tutorials/03-fragment-intro.html Now, this looks really trivial and simple, but my problem is with the mod function. This function is taking 2 vec2 as inputs but is supposed to take just 2 atomic arguments according to the official documentation, also this function makes an implicit use of the floor function that only accepts, again, 1 atomic argument. Can someone explain this to me step by step and point out what I'm not getting here? It's some kind of OpenGL trick? OpenGL Math trick? in the GLSL docs i always find and explicit reference to the type accepted by the function and vec2 it's not there.

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• How to determine which cells in a grid intersect with a given triangle?

  - by Ray Dey

  I'm currently writing a 2D AI simulation, but I'm not completely certain how to check whether the position of an agent is within the field of view of another. Currently, my world partitioning is simple cell-space partitioning (a grid). I want to use a triangle to represent the field of view, but how can I calculate the cells that intersect with the triangle? Similar to this picture: The red areas are the cells I want to calculate, by checking whether the triangle intersects those cells. Thanks in advance. EDIT: Just to add to the confusion (or perhaps even make it easier). Each cell has a min and max vector where the min is the bottom left corner and the max is the top right corner.

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• Connecting 2 Vertices in 3DS Max?

  - by Reanimation

  How do you connect two vertices in 3DS Max 2013? I have two vertices which I wish to connect with a line to create an edge. (actually several) I have tried all I can think and done several Google searches but it only comes up with older versions method which say use the "connect" button... But I can't find the connect button on my version (see below) This is what my menu looks like: These are the vertices I'm trying to connect: Basically, I've edited an STL file and deleted some edges and vertices. Now I want to fill the gaps and triangulate what's left. Thanks.

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• Who should respond to collision: Unit or projectile?

  - by aleguna

  In an RTS if a projectile hits a unit. Who should handle the collision? If projectile handles the collision, it must be aware of all possible types of units, to know what damage to inflict. For example a bullet will likely kill a human, but it will do nothing to a tank. The same goes if unit handles a collision. So either way one of them should be aware of all possible types of the other. Of course the 'true' way would be to do full physics simulation, but that's not an option for an RTS with 1000s of units and projectiles... So what are the common practicies in this regards?

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• Bukkit saving inventory

  - by HcgRandon

  Alright i will make this quick... I am working on a command in my plugin to allow you to transfer worlds and i am trying to save inventory but i am getting a problem here is the code: public void savePlayerInv(Player p, World w){ File playerInvConfigFile = new File(plugin.getDataFolder() + File.separator + "players" + File.separator + p.getName(), "inventory.yml"); FileConfiguration pInv = YamlConfiguration.loadConfiguration(playerInvConfigFile); PlayerInventory inv = p.getInventory(); int i = 0; for (ItemStack stack : inv.getContents()) { //increment integer i++; String startInventory = w.getName() + ".inv." + Integer.toString(i); //save inv pInv.set(startInventory + ".amount", stack.getAmount()); pInv.set(startInventory + ".durability", Short.toString(stack.getDurability())); pInv.set(startInventory + ".type", stack.getTypeId()); //pInv.set(startInventory + ".enchantment", stack.getEnchantments()); //TODO add enchant saveing } i = 0; for (ItemStack armor : inv.getArmorContents()){ i++; String startArmor = w.getName() + ".armor." + Integer.toString(i); //save armor pInv.set(startArmor + ".amount", armor.getAmount()); pInv.set(startArmor + ".durability", armor.getDurability()); pInv.set(startArmor + ".type", armor.getTypeId()); //pInv.set(startArmor + ".enchantment", armor.getEnchantments()); } //save exp if (p.getExp() != 0) { pInv.set(w.getName() + ".exp", p.getExp()); } } Now here is the stack trace i recive it is commplaing about line 130 which is this line pInv.set(startInventory + ".amount", stack.getAmount()); okay now trace 2012-03-21 13:23:25 [SEVERE] null org.bukkit.command.CommandException: Unhandled exception executing command 'wtp' in plugin Needs v1.0 at org.bukkit.command.PluginCommand.execute(PluginCommand.java:42) at org.bukkit.command.SimpleCommandMap.dispatch(SimpleCommandMap.java:166) at org.bukkit.craftbukkit.CraftServer.dispatchCommand(CraftServer.java:461) at net.minecraft.server.NetServerHandler.handleCommand(NetServerHandler.java:818) at net.minecraft.server.NetServerHandler.chat(NetServerHandler.java:778) at net.minecraft.server.NetServerHandler.a(NetServerHandler.java:761) at net.minecraft.server.Packet3Chat.handle(Packet3Chat.java:33) at net.minecraft.server.NetworkManager.b(NetworkManager.java:229) at net.minecraft.server.NetServerHandler.a(NetServerHandler.java:112) at net.minecraft.server.NetworkListenThread.a(NetworkListenThread.java:78) at net.minecraft.server.MinecraftServer.w(MinecraftServer.java:554) at net.minecraft.server.MinecraftServer.run(MinecraftServer.java:452) at net.minecraft.server.ThreadServerApplication.run(SourceFile:490) Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException at com.devoverflow.improved.needs.commands.CommandWorldtp.savePlayerInv(CommandWorldtp.java:130) at com.devoverflow.improved.needs.commands.CommandWorldtp.onCommand(CommandWorldtp.java:60) at org.bukkit.command.PluginCommand.execute(PluginCommand.java:40) ... 12 more

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• Multiplication for MVP matrices: Any benefits to doing so within the vertex shader?

  - by Nick Wiggill

  I'd like to understand under what circumstances (if any) it is worth doing MVP matrix multiplication inside a vertex shader. The vertex shader is run once per vertex, and a single mesh typically contains many vertices. All MVP inputs remain the same for each vertex in the vertex batch relating to a given draw call (model). Surely then, you're always better off keeping the multiplications in the client code, such that you pass in the whole MVP precalculated as a uniform? (avoiding redundant ops between individual vertices)

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