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• Need help with testdisk output

  - by dan

  I had (note the past tense) an ubuntu 12.04 system with separate partitions for the base and /home directories. It started acting wonky, so I decided to do a reinstall with 12.10, intending just to do a reinstall to the base partition. After several seconds, I realize that the installer was repartitioning the drive and reinstalling, so I pulled the power cord. I'm now trying to recover as much as I can with testdisk, but it seems that testdisk is finding 100 unique partitions when I run it - they mostly tend to be HFS+ or solaris /home (which I think is just an ext4; I've never had solaris on the machine). I've pasted an abbreviated version of the testdisk output below (first ~100 lines, and then ~100 lines from the middle of the output). Is there a way to combine or recreate the partitions and then data recovery, or some other way maximize what I can recover (ideally as much of the file system as possible)? I really only care about what was in the /home directory - I'd rather not use photorec since I don't have another 2 TB HD lying around to recover to. Thanks, Dan Mon Dec 10 06:03:00 2012 Command line: TestDisk TestDisk 6.13, Data Recovery Utility, November 2011 Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]> http://www.cgsecurity.org OS: Linux, kernel 3.2.34-std312-amd64 (#2 SMP Sat Nov 17 08:06:32 UTC 2012) x86_64 Compiler: GCC 4.4 Compilation date: 2012-11-27T22:44:52 ext2fs lib: 1.42.6, ntfs lib: libntfs-3g, reiserfs lib: 0.3.1-rc8, ewf lib: none /dev/sda: LBA, HPA, LBA48, DCO support /dev/sda: size 3907029168 sectors /dev/sda: user_max 3907029168 sectors /dev/sda: native_max 3907029168 sectors Warning: can't get size for Disk /dev/mapper/control - 0 B - CHS 1 1 1, sector size=512 /dev/sr0 is not an ATA disk Hard disk list Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63, sector size=512 - WDC WD20EARS-00J2GB0, S/N:WD-WCAYY0075071, FW:80.00A80 Disk /dev/sdb - 1013 MB / 967 MiB - CHS 1014 32 61, sector size=512 - Generic Flash Disk, FW:8.07 Disk /dev/sr0 - 367 MB / 350 MiB - CHS 179470 1 1 (RO), sector size=2048 - PLDS DVD+/-RW DH-16AAS, FW:JD12 Partition table type (auto): Intel Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - WDC WD20EARS-00J2GB0 Partition table type: EFI GPT Analyse Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63 Current partition structure: Bad GPT partition, invalid signature. search_part() Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63 recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/14880, s_mnt_count=5/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB Linux Swap 3900755968 3907028975 6273008 SWAP2 version 1, 3211 MB / 3062 MiB Results P MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB P Linux Swap 3900755968 3907028975 6273008 SWAP2 version 1, 3211 MB / 3062 MiB interface_write() 1 P MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 2 P Linux Swap 3900755968 3907028975 6273008 search_part() Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63 recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/14880, s_mnt_count=5/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB block_group_nr 1 recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/14880, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2046 3900753917 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB block_group_nr 1 recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/14880, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB block_group_nr 1 recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/14584, s_mnt_count=0/27, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 477915164 recover_EXT2: part_size 3823321312 MS Data 4094 3823325405 3823321312 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1957 GB / 1823 GiB block_group_nr 1 ....snip...... MS Data 2046 3900753917 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB MS Data 4094 3823325405 3823321312 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1957 GB / 1823 GiB MS Data 4096 3823325407 3823321312 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1957 GB / 1823 GiB MS Data 7028840 7033383 4544 FAT12, 2326 KB / 2272 KiB Mac HFS 67856948 67862179 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67862176 67867407 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67862244 67867475 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67867404 67872635 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67867472 67872703 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67872700 67877931 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67937834 67948067 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS found using backup sector!, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67938012 67948155 10144 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 5193 KB / 5072 KiB Mac HFS 67948064 67958297 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67948070 67958303 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS found using backup sector!, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67948152 67958295 10144 HFS+, 5193 KB / 5072 KiB Mac HFS 67958292 67968435 10144 HFS+, 5193 KB / 5072 KiB Mac HFS 67958300 67968533 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67992596 67997827 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67997824 68003055 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67997892 68003123 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 68003052 68008283 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 68003120 68008351 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 68008348 68013579 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Solaris /home 84429840 123499141 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84429952 123499253 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84493136 123562437 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84493248 123562549 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84566088 123635389 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84566200 123635501 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84571232 123640533 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84571344 123640645 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84659952 123729253 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84660064 123729365 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84690504 123759805 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84690616 123759917 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84700424 123769725 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84700536 123769837 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84797720 123867021 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84797832 123867133 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84812544 123881845 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84812656 123881957 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84824552 123893853 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84824664 123893965 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84847528 123916829 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84847640 123916941 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84886840 123956141 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84886952 123956253 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84945488 124014789 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84945600 124014901 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84957992 124027293 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84958104 124027405 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84962240 124031541 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84962352 124031653 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84977168 124046469 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84977280 124046581 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB MS Data 174395467 178483851 4088385 ..... snip (it keeps going on for quite a while)

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• External USB 3 drive not recognized

  - by ilan123

  Ubuntu 12.10 64 bit seems not to recognize my external hard disk. It is a Vantec NST-310S3 external disk enclosure with a WD 3TB drive. The disk has two NTFS partitions. My PC is a dual boot system. Under Windows 7 the hard disk works fine but I can't make it work with Ubuntu. When the drive is connected to the PC then the command sudo fdisk -l seems to hang forever. Below are the output of lsusb and cat /proc/partitions without the external drive and then with it connected. I added also the last lines of the dmesg command at the end. First without the drive: ilan@linux:~$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 13ba:0017 Unknown PS/2 Keyboard+Mouse Adapter Bus 001 Device 004: ID 046d:c50e Logitech, Inc. Cordless Mouse Receiver Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0ac8:3420 Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Venus USB2.0 Camera ilan@linux:~$ cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 1953514584 sda 8 1 102400 sda1 8 2 629043200 sda2 8 3 367001600 sda3 8 4 1 sda4 8 5 471859200 sda5 8 6 157286400 sda6 8 7 324115456 sda7 8 8 4101120 sda8 11 0 1048575 sr0 Second with the USB 3 drive: ilan@linux:~$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 004 Device 002: ID 174c:55aa ASMedia Technology Inc. Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 13ba:0017 Unknown PS/2 Keyboard+Mouse Adapter Bus 001 Device 004: ID 046d:c50e Logitech, Inc. Cordless Mouse Receiver Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0ac8:3420 Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Venus USB2.0 Camera ilan@linux:~$ cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 1953514584 sda 8 1 102400 sda1 8 2 629043200 sda2 8 3 367001600 sda3 8 4 1 sda4 8 5 471859200 sda5 8 6 157286400 sda6 8 7 324115456 sda7 8 8 4101120 sda8 11 0 1048575 sr0 8 16 2930266584 sdb ilan@linux:~$ lsusb -v -s 004:002 Bus 004 Device 002: ID 174c:55aa ASMedia Technology Inc. Couldn't open device, some information will be missing Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 3.00 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 9 idVendor 0x174c ASMedia Technology Inc. idProduct 0x55aa bcdDevice 1.00 iManufacturer 2 iProduct 3 iSerial 1 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 44 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0xc0 Self Powered MaxPower 0mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 2 bInterfaceClass 8 Mass Storage bInterfaceSubClass 6 SCSI bInterfaceProtocol 80 Bulk-Only iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 15 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0400 1x 1024 bytes bInterval 0 bMaxBurst 15 ilan@linux:~$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for ilan: Disk /dev/sda: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders, total 3907029168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf1b4f1ee Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 206848 1258293247 629043200 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 1258293248 1992296447 367001600 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 1992298494 3907028991 957365249 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 1992298496 2936016895 471859200 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 2936018944 3250591743 157286400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda7 3250593792 3898824703 324115456 83 Linux /dev/sda8 3898826752 3907028991 4101120 82 Linux swap / Solaris dmesg output after connecting the external drive: [ 23.740567] e1000e: eth0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx [ 23.740786] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready [ 49.144673] usb 4-1: >new SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd [ 49.163039] usb 4-1: >Parent hub missing LPM exit latency info. Power management will be impacted. [ 49.166789] usb 4-1: >New USB device found, idVendor=174c, idProduct=55aa [ 49.166793] usb 4-1: >New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=1 [ 49.166796] usb 4-1: >Product: AS2105 [ 49.166799] usb 4-1: >Manufacturer: ASMedia [ 49.166801] usb 4-1: >SerialNumber: 0123456789ABCDEF [ 49.206372] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas [ 49.228891] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... [ 49.229042] scsi6 : usb-storage 4-1:1.0 [ 49.229115] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 49.229116] USB Mass Storage support registered. [ 64.045528] scsi 6:0:0:0: >Direct-Access WDC WD30 EZRX-00MMMB0 80.0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 [ 64.046224] sd 6:0:0:0: >Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 64.046881] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ CAPACITY(16). [ 64.047610] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] 5860533168 512-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 64.048368] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] Write Protect is off [ 64.048373] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] Mode Sense: 23 00 00 00 [ 64.048984] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 64.048987] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 64.049297] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] Very big device. Trying to use READ CAPACITY(16). [ 64.050942] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 64.050944] sd 6:0:0:0: >[sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 94.245006] usb 4-1: >reset SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd [ 94.262553] usb 4-1: >Parent hub missing LPM exit latency info. Power management will be impacted. [ 94.263805] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: >xHCI xhci_drop_endpoint called with disabled ep ffff8800d37d1c00 [ 94.263808] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: >xHCI xhci_drop_endpoint called with disabled ep ffff8800d37d1c40 [ 125.262722] usb 4-1: >reset SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd [ 125.280304] usb 4-1: >Parent hub missing LPM exit latency info. Power management will be impacted. [ 125.281511] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: >xHCI xhci_drop_endpoint called with disabled ep ffff8800d37d1c00 [ 125.281516] xhci_hcd 0000:03:00.0: >xHCI xhci_drop_endpoint called with disabled ep ffff8800d37d1c40

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• Myths about Coding Craftsmanship part 2

  - by tom

  Myth 3: The source of all bad code is inept developers and stupid people When you review code is this what you assume?  Shame on you.  You are probably making assumptions in your code if you are assuming so much already.  Bad code can be the result of any number of causes including but not limited to using dated techniques (like boxing when generics are available), not following standards (“look how he does the spacing between arguments!” or “did he really just name that variable ‘bln_Hello_Cats’?”), being redundant, using properties, methods, or objects in a novel way (like switching on button.Text between “Hello World” and “Hello World “ //clever use of space character… sigh), not following the SOLID principals, hacking around assumptions made in earlier iterations / hacking in features that should be worked into the overall design.  The first two issues, while annoying are pretty easy to spot and can be fixed so easily.  If your coding team is made up of experienced professionals who are passionate about staying current then these shouldn’t be happening.  If you work with a variety of skills, backgrounds, and experience then there will be some of this stuff going on.  If you have an opportunity to mentor such a developer who is receptive to constructive criticism don’t be a jerk; help them and the codebase will improve.  A little patience can improve the codebase, your work environment, and even your perspective. The novelty and redundancy I have encountered has often been the use of creativity when language knowledge was perceived as unavailable or too time consuming.  When developers learn on the job you get a lot of this.  Rather than going to MSDN developers will use what they know.  Depending on the constraints of their assignment hacking together what they know may seem quite practical.  This was not stupid though I often wonder how much time is actually “saved” by hacking.  These issues are often harder to untangle if we ever do.  They can also grow out of control as we write hack after hack to make it work and get back to some development that is satisfying. Hacking upon an existing hack is what I call “feeding the monster”.  Code monsters are anti-patterns and hacks gone wild.  The reason code monsters continue to get bigger is that they keep growing in scope, touching more and more of the application.  This is not the result of dumb developers. It is probably the result of avoiding design, not taking the time to understand the problems or anticipate or communicate the vision of the product.  If our developers don’t understand the purpose of a feature or product how do we expect potential customers to do so? Forethought and organization are often what is missing from bad code.  Developers who do not use the SOLID principals should be encouraged to learn these principals and be given guidance on how to apply them.  The time “saved” by giving hackers room to hack will be made up for and then some. Not as technical debt but as shoddy work that if not replaced will be struggled with again and again.  Bad code is not the result of dumb developers (usually) it is the result of trying to do too much without the proper resources and neglecting the right thing that needs doing with the first thoughtless thing that comes into our heads. Object oriented code is all about relationships between objects.  Coders who believe their coworkers are all fools tend to write objects that are difficult to work with, not eager to explain themselves, and perform erratically and irrationally.  If you constantly find you are surrounded by idiots you may want to ask yourself if you are being unreasonable, if you are being closed minded, of if you have chosen the right profession.  Opening your mind up to the idea that you probably work with rational, well-intentioned people will probably make you a better coder and it might even make you less grumpy.  If you are surrounded by jerks who do not engage in the exchange of ideas who do not care about their customers or the durability of the code you are building together then I suggest you find a new place to work.  Myth 4: Customers don’t care about “beautiful” code Craftsmanship is customer focused because it means that the job was done right, the product will withstand the abuse, modifications, and scrutiny of our customers.  Users can appreciate a predictable timeline for a release, a product delivered on time and on budget, a feature set that does not interfere with the task(s) it is supporting, quick turnarounds on exception messages, self healing issues, and less issues.  These are all hindered by skimping on craftsmanship.  When we write data access and when we write reusable code.   What do you think?  Does bad code come primarily from low IQ individuals?  Do customers care about beautiful code?

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• cannot access a site from Mac OSX Lion but can from other machines on network?

  - by house9

  SOLVED: The issue is with the hamachi client, hamachi is hi-jacking all of the 5.0.0.0/8 address block http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamachi_(software)#Criticism http://b.logme.in/2012/11/07/changes-to-hamachi-on-november-19th/ The fix on Mac LogMeIn Hamachi Preferences Settings Advanced Peer Connections IP protocol mode IPv6 only (default is both) If you can only connect to some of your network over IPv4 this 'fix' will NOT work for you ----- A few weeks ago I started using a service - https://semaphoreapp.com I think they made DNS changes a week ago and ever since I cannot access the site from my Mac OSX Lion (10.7.4) machine (my main development machine) but I can access the site from other machines on my network ipad windows machine MacMini (10.6.8) After some google searching I tried both of these dscacheutil -flushcache sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder but no go, I've contacted semaphoreapp as well, but nothing so far - also of interest, one of my colleagues has the exact same problem, cannot access via Mac OSX Lion but can via windows machine, we work remotely and are not on the same ISP some additional info Lion (10.7.4) cannot access site host semaphoreapp.com semaphoreapp.com has address 5.9.53.16 ping semaphoreapp.com PING semaphoreapp.com (5.9.53.16): 56 data bytes Request timeout for icmp_seq 0 Request timeout for icmp_seq 1 Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 Request timeout for icmp_seq 3 ping: sendto: No route to host Request timeout for icmp_seq 4 ping: sendto: Host is down Request timeout for icmp_seq 5 ping: sendto: Host is down Request timeout for icmp_seq 6 ping: sendto: Host is down Request timeout for icmp_seq 7 .... traceroute semaphoreapp.com traceroute to semaphoreapp.com (5.9.53.16), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 * * * 2 * * * traceroute: sendto: No route to host 3 traceroute: wrote semaphoreapp.com 52 chars, ret=-1 *traceroute: sendto: Host is down traceroute: wrote semaphoreapp.com 52 chars, ret=-1 .... and MacMini (10.6.8) can access it host semaphoreapp.com semaphoreapp.com has address 5.9.53.16 ping semaphoreapp.com PING semaphoreapp.com (5.9.53.16): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 5.9.53.16: icmp_seq=0 ttl=44 time=191.458 ms 64 bytes from 5.9.53.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=44 time=202.923 ms 64 bytes from 5.9.53.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=44 time=180.746 ms 64 bytes from 5.9.53.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=44 time=200.616 ms 64 bytes from 5.9.53.16: icmp_seq=4 ttl=44 time=178.818 ms .... traceroute semaphoreapp.com traceroute to semaphoreapp.com (5.9.53.16), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 1.677 ms 1.446 ms 1.445 ms 2 * LOCAL ISP 11.957 ms * 3 etc... 10.704 ms 14.183 ms 9.341 ms 4 etc... 32.641 ms 12.147 ms 10.850 ms 5 etc.... 44.205 ms 54.563 ms 36.243 ms 6 vlan139.car1.seattle1.level3.net (4.53.145.165) 50.136 ms 45.873 ms 30.396 ms 7 ae-32-52.ebr2.seattle1.level3.net (4.69.147.182) 31.926 ms 40.507 ms 49.993 ms 8 ae-2-2.ebr2.denver1.level3.net (4.69.132.54) 78.129 ms 59.674 ms 49.905 ms 9 ae-3-3.ebr1.chicago2.level3.net (4.69.132.62) 99.019 ms 82.008 ms 76.074 ms 10 ae-1-100.ebr2.chicago2.level3.net (4.69.132.114) 96.185 ms 75.658 ms 75.662 ms 11 ae-6-6.ebr2.washington12.level3.net (4.69.148.145) 104.322 ms 105.563 ms 118.480 ms 12 ae-5-5.ebr2.washington1.level3.net (4.69.143.221) 93.646 ms 99.423 ms 96.067 ms 13 ae-41-41.ebr2.paris1.level3.net (4.69.137.49) 177.744 ms ae-44-44.ebr2.paris1.level3.net (4.69.137.61) 199.363 ms 198.405 ms 14 ae-47-47.ebr1.frankfurt1.level3.net (4.69.143.141) 176.876 ms ae-45-45.ebr1.frankfurt1.level3.net (4.69.143.133) 170.994 ms ae-46-46.ebr1.frankfurt1.level3.net (4.69.143.137) 177.308 ms 15 ae-61-61.csw1.frankfurt1.level3.net (4.69.140.2) 176.769 ms ae-91-91.csw4.frankfurt1.level3.net (4.69.140.14) 178.676 ms 173.644 ms 16 ae-2-70.edge7.frankfurt1.level3.net (4.69.154.75) 180.407 ms ae-3-80.edge7.frankfurt1.level3.net (4.69.154.139) 174.861 ms 176.578 ms 17 as33891-net.edge7.frankfurt1.level3.net (195.16.162.94) 175.448 ms 185.658 ms 177.081 ms 18 hos-bb1.juniper4.rz16.hetzner.de (213.239.240.202) 188.700 ms 190.332 ms 188.196 ms 19 hos-tr4.ex3k14.rz16.hetzner.de (213.239.233.98) 199.632 ms hos-tr3.ex3k14.rz16.hetzner.de (213.239.233.66) 185.938 ms hos-tr2.ex3k14.rz16.hetzner.de (213.239.230.34) 182.378 ms 20 * * * 21 * * * 22 * * * any ideas? EDIT: adding tcpdump MacMini (which can connect) while running - ping semaphoreapp.com sudo tcpdump -v -i en0 dst semaphoreapp.com Password: tcpdump: listening on en0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 17:33:03.337165 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 20153, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84, bad cksum 0 (->3129)!) 192.168.0.6 > static.16.53.9.5.clients.your-server.de: ICMP echo request, id 61918, seq 0, length 64 17:33:04.337279 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 26049, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84, bad cksum 0 (->1a21)!) 192.168.0.6 > static.16.53.9.5.clients.your-server.de: ICMP echo request, id 61918, seq 1, length 64 17:33:05.337425 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 47854, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84, bad cksum 0 (->c4f3)!) 192.168.0.6 > static.16.53.9.5.clients.your-server.de: ICMP echo request, id 61918, seq 2, length 64 17:33:06.337548 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 24772, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84, bad cksum 0 (->1f1e)!) 192.168.0.6 > static.16.53.9.5.clients.your-server.de: ICMP echo request, id 61918, seq 3, length 64 17:33:07.337670 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 8171, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84, bad cksum 0 (->5ff7)!) 192.168.0.6 > static.16.53.9.5.clients.your-server.de: ICMP echo request, id 61918, seq 4, length 64 17:33:08.337816 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 35810, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84, bad cksum 0 (->f3ff)!) 192.168.0.6 > static.16.53.9.5.clients.your-server.de: ICMP echo request, id 61918, seq 5, length 64 17:33:09.337948 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 31120, offset 0, flags [none], proto ICMP (1), length 84, bad cksum 0 (->652)!) 192.168.0.6 > static.16.53.9.5.clients.your-server.de: ICMP echo request, id 61918, seq 6, length 64 ^C 7 packets captured 1047 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel OSX Lion (cannot connect) while running - ping semaphoreapp.com # wireless ~ $ sudo tcpdump -v -i en1 dst semaphoreapp.com Password: tcpdump: listening on en1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes ^C 0 packets captured 262 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel and # wired ~ $ sudo tcpdump -v -i en0 dst semaphoreapp.com tcpdump: listening on en0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes ^C 0 packets captured 219 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel above output after Request timeout for icmp_seq 25 or 30 times from ping. I don't know much about tcpdump, but to me it doesn't seem like the ping requests are leaving my machine?

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• HTTP/1.1 Status Codes 400 and 417, cannot choose which

  - by TheDeadLike

  I have been referred to here that it might be of better help, I've got a processing file which handles the user sent data, before that, however, it compares the input from client to the expected values to ensure no client-side data change. I can say I don't know lot about HTTP status codes, but I have made up some research on it, and to choose which one is the best for unexpected input handling. So I came up with: 400 Bad Request: The request cannot be fulfilled due to bad syntax 417 Expectation Failed: The server cannot meet the requirements of the Expect request-header field Now, I cannot be really sure which one to use, I have seen 400 Bad Request being used alot, however, whatI get from explanation is that the error is due to an unexistent request rather than an illegal input. On the other side 417 Expectation Failed seems to just fit for my use, however, I have never seen or experimented this header status before. I need your experience and opinions, thanks alot! For a full detailed with form/process page drafts, and my experiments, follow this link.

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• fsck: FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED after each check with -c, why?

  - by Chris

  Hi I use a script to partition and format CF cards (connected with a USB card writer) in an automated way. After the main process I check the card again with fsck. To check bad blocks I also tried the '-c' switch, but I always get a return value != 0 and the message "FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED" (see below). I get the same result when checking the very same drive several times... Does anyone know why a) the file system is modified at all and b) why this seems to happen every time I check and not only in case of an error (like bad blocks)? Here's the output: linux-box# fsck.ext3 -c /dev/sdx1 e2fsck 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007) Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information Volume (/dev/sdx1): ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** Volume (/dev/sdx1): 5132/245760 files (1.2% non-contiguous), 178910/1959896 blocks Thanks, Chris

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• SSD install - what do I need to watch out for when reconfiguring SATA ports?

  - by tim11g

  I installed a Samsung 840 SSD in a Windows 7 machine. It seems to be working fine, but I'm not seeing the expected performance. The AS SSD benchmark gives 76 for read and 138 for write. At the upper left of the benchmark it says "pciide - BAD" and "31K - BAD". I'm assuming the "pciide BAD" means the motherboard (Gigabyte GA-P35-DS4) is configured as IDE emulation and needs to change to native SATA. I don't know what the "31K" refers to. The bios settings look like this: I saw this article that indicates that changing the SATA mode of the boot drive can cause problems (Blue Screen): Error message occurs after you change the SATA mode of the boot drive What is the correct procedure to change the SATA Mode without causing a system failure? Apply the registry change from the MSFT article above first, then reboot and change the SATA mode? Will the SATA mode change in the BIOS affect other drives?

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• fsck: FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED after each check with -c, why?

  - by Chris

  I use a script to partition and format CF cards (connected with a USB card writer) in an automated way. After the main process I check the card again with fsck. To check bad blocks I also tried the '-c' switch, but I always get a return value != 0 and the message "FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED" (see below). I get the same result when checking the very same drive several times... Does anyone know why a) the file system is modified at all and b) why this seems to happen every time I check and not only in case of an error (like bad blocks)? Here's the output: linux-box# fsck.ext3 -c /dev/sdx1 e2fsck 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007) Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information Volume (/dev/sdx1): ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** Volume (/dev/sdx1): 5132/245760 files (1.2% non-contiguous), 178910/1959896 blocks

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• TCP 30 small packets per second flood connection with server

  - by Denis Ermolin

  I'm testing connection with flash client and cloud server(boost::asio for software) over TCP connection. My connection with server already is really poor - 120 ms ping in average. I found when i start to send packets with 2 bytes size (without tcp header) with speed 30 packets/s - ping grow to 170-200 average. I think that it's really bad and my bad connection and bad cloud provider is reason for this high ping without any load. What do you think? (I tested my software - it can compute about 50k small packets/s so software is not a problem). I measure my ping through flash client - send packet with timestamp and immediatly send from server to client.

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• What is the procedure to replace a failing hard drive in a RAID array?

  - by slayton

  3 years ago a co-worker setup a software RAID-6 array on Ubuntu 9.04 and I'm getting messages from the OS that the drive has bad sectors and should be replaced. I'd like to remove this drive and replace it with a new drive, however, I have never done this before and I'm terrified that in the process of fixing the array I'm going to end up ruining it. I know the device ID of the array and I know the device IDs of the individual drives in the array. Additionally I physically have the bad drive. What are the steps to replace the bad drive with a new drive and get the array running again?

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• can power supply affect I/O

  - by user101289

  I have a dev server machine running Ubuntu 12.04. For a long while it's been throwing intermittent errors where it would suddenly tell me "File system is read only" or drop into a GRUB error console on boot. I've done disk checks, bad blocks, etc. and no real problems with the main SATA drive were detected. Finally the drive would not be detected at all-- but neither would other drives I plugged in (via SATA). I plugged the supposedly "bad" drive into another server and it worked fine, no issues, for days-- so I assumed the motherboard had a bad SATA controller, and replaced the motherboard with an identical model. I replaced the drive into the original machine with the new motherboard, rebooted-- and the same issues-- I/O errors, failure to read the drive at all, dropping into GRUB, etc. I'm wondering if there could be some other issue with this machine, that's not related to the drive-- possibly power supply? Thanks for ideas

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• Fix corrupt NTFS partition without Windows

  - by Capt.Nemo

  MY NTFS Partition has gotten corrupt somehow (it's a relic from the days when I had Windows installed). I'm putting the debug output of fdisk and blkid here. At the same time, any OS is unable to mount my root partition, which is located next to my NTFS partition. I'm not sure if this has anything to do with it, though. I get the following error while trying to mount my root partition (sda5) mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sda5, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ dmesg | tail [ 1019.726530] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): [ 1019.726533] 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 [ 1019.726551] 1a 3e ed 92 [ 1019.726558] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed [ 1019.726568] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 1a 3e ed 40 00 01 00 00 [ 1019.726584] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 440331666 [ 1019.726602] JBD: Failed to read block at offset 462 [ 1019.726609] ata1: EH complete [ 1019.726612] JBD: recovery failed [ 1019.726617] EXT4-fs (sda5): error loading journal When I open gparted (using live CD), I get an exclamation next to my NTFS drive which states Is there a way to run chkdsk without using windows ? My attempt to run fsck results in the following : ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fsck /dev/sda fsck from util-linux-ng 2.17.2 e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 <device> Update : I was able to fix the NTFS partition running chkdsk off HBCD, but it seems that the superblock problem still remains. *Update 2: * Fixed superblock issue using e2fsck -c /dev/sda5

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• Google analytics - drop in traffic

  - by Andy

  Bit of a general question here. We are in the process of converting a number of our clients from older web sites to new ones. The problem we are getting, and sorry for being so general here, is we are getting a sharp decline in traffic as reported on Google Analytics. It's not a gradual decline, it seems to hit almost as soon as the new site goes live. I've just got a few questions to see if there is something we are doing wrong: a) We are using the same analytics accounts going from old to new site. Is this a bad idea? b) The actual analytics code is integrated into the pages using a server-side include. IS this a bad idea? c) We structure our sites differently to our old site. IE. The old sites would pretty must have all the web pages in the root directory, and hyperlinks would be linked to the page files: EG. <a href="somepage.aspx">Link</a> Our new sites now have a directory structure that pretty much reflects the navigation structure, and hyper links link to the pages directory instead of the actual page: EG. <a href="/new-items/shoes/">New shoes</a> Is this a bad idea. I'm really searching for a needle in a haystack here. Would appriciate any help or advice as to why we are getting such a sharp and sudden drop in traffic. Again, so this is such a general question. Thanks in advance.

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• Google analytics - drop in traffic

  - by user1001421

  Bit of a general question here. We are in the process of converting a number of our clients from older web sites to new ones. The problem we are getting, and sorry for being so general here, is we are getting a sharp decline in traffic as reported on Google Analytics. It's not a gradual decline, it seems to hit almost as soon as the new site goes live. I've just got a few questions to see if there is something we are doing wrong: a) We are using the same analytics accounts going from old to new site. Is this a bad idea? b) The actual analytics code is integrated into the pages using a server-side include. IS this a bad idea? c) We structure our sites differently to our old site. IE. The old sites would pretty must have all the web pages in the root directory, and hyperlinks would be linked to the page files: EG. <a href="somepage.aspx">Link</a> Our new sites now have a directory structure that pretty much reflects the navigation structure, and hyper links link to the pages directory instead of the actual page: EG. <a href="/new-items/shoes/">New shoes</a> Is this a bad idea. I'm really searching for a needle in a haystack here. Would appriciate any help or advice as to why we are getting such a sharp and sudden drop in traffic. Again, so this is such a general question. Thanks in advance.

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• Algorithm to measure how "diffused" 5,000 pennies are in an economy?

  - by makerofthings7

  Please allow me to use this example/metaphor to describe an algorithm I need. Objects There are 5 thousand pennies. There are 50 cups. There is a tracking history (Passport "stamp" etc) that is associated with each penny as it moves between cups. Definition I'll define a "highly diffused" penny as one that passes through many cups. A "poorly diffused" penny is one that either passes back and forth between 2 cups Question How can I objectively measure the diffusion of a penny as: The number of moves the penny has gone through The number of cups the penny has been in A unit of time (day, week, month) Why am I doing this? I want to detect if a cup is hoarding pennies. Resistance from bad actors Since hoarding is bad, the "bad cup" may simply solicit a partner and simply move pennies between each other. This will reduce the amount of time a coin isn't in transit, and would skew hoarding detection. A solution might be to detect if a cup (or set of cups) are common "partners" with each other, though I'm not sure how to think though this problem. Broad applicability Any assistance would be helpful, since I would think that this algorithm is common to Economics The study of migration patterns of animals, citizens of a country Other natural occurring phenomena ... and probably exists as a term or concept I'm unfamiliar with.

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• Layout Columns - Equal Height

  - by Kyle

  I remember first starting out using tables for layouts and learned that I should not be doing that. I am working on a new site and can not seem to do equal height columns without using tables. Here is an example of the attempt with div tags. <div class="row"> <div class="column">column1</div> <div class="column">column2</div> <div class="column">column3</div> <div style="clear:both"></div> </div> Now what I tried with that was doing making columns float left and setting their widths to 33% which works fine, I use the clear:both div so that the row would be the size of the biggest column, but the columns will be different sizes based on how much content they have. I have found many fixes which mostly involve css hacks and just making it look like its right but that's not what I want. I thought of just doing it in javascript but then it would look different for those who choose to disable their javascript. The only true way of doing it that I can think of is using tables since the cells all have equal heights in the same row. But I know its bad to use tables. After searching forever I than came across this: http://intangiblestyle.com/lab/equal-height-columns-with-css/ What it seems to do is exactly the same as tables since its just setting its display exactly like tables. Would using that be just as bad as using tables? I honestly can't find anything else that I could do. edit @Su' I have looked into "faux columns" and do not think that is what I want. I think I would be able to implement better designs for my site using the display:table method. I posted this question because I just wasn't sure if I should since I have always heard its bad using tables in website layouts.

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• Getting rank for keywords that I don't want to appear on my website [duplicate]

  - by Rober

  This question already has an answer here: Which keyword should I use. colors or colours or a combination of both? 2 answers One of my products has two names. One of them is what I consider correct and thus it is what I want to appear on my website. The other name is incorrect for me, so I would like to avoid it. But I know that many people will search my product using the "bad" name. How could I get the "bad" name indexed for my site on search engines even if nobody can read it there? Of course, I want to do it "legally" so that no engine will ban my site considering it as cloaking, black hat SEO, etc... EDIT: Having that "bad" name on my backlinks is not an option. For example I would perceive user reviews connecting my site to that word as a negative point. Maybe having my site as a search result for that word could be negative as well, but I think it is worth it.

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• AHCI Driver for own OS

  - by user1496761

  I have been programming a little AHCI driver for two weeks. I have read this article and Intel's Serial ATA Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) 1.3. There is an example, which shows how to read sectors via DMA mode (osdev.org). I have done this operation (ATA_CMD_READ_DMA 0xC8) successfully, but when i tried to write sectors (ATA_CMD_WRITE_DMA 0xCA) to the device, the HBA set the error Offset 30h: PxSERR – Port x Serial ATA Error - Handshake Error (this is decoding from Intel AHCI specification). I don't understand why it happened. Please, help me. In addition, I have tried to issue the command IDENTIFY 0xEC, but not successfully...

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• Query size of block device file in Python

  - by ??O?????

  Hello. I have a Python script that reads a file (typically from optical media) marking the unreadable sectors, to allow a re-attempt to read said unreadable sectors on a different optical reader. I discovered that my script does not work with block devices (e.g. /dev/sr0), in order to create a copy of the contained ISO9660/UDF filesystem, because os.stat().st_size is zero. The algorithm currently needs to know the filesize in advance; I can change that, but the issue (of knowing the block device size) remains, and it's not answered here, so I open this question. I am aware of the following two related SO questions: Determine the size of a block device (/proc/partitions, ioctl through ctypes) how to check file size in python? (about non-special files) Therefore, I'm asking: in Python, how can I get the file size of a block device file?

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• .NET pie chart: how to add text to slices and rotate chart

  - by Sajee

  The code below creates a 24 slice pie chart. How do I: Add text labels to each slice a la "Wheel of Fortune". Rotate the pie chart? I want it to spin like "Wheel of Fortune". private void DrawPieChart() { Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics(); g.Clear(this.BackColor); Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(0, 0, 300, 300); float angle = 0; Random random = new Random(); int sectors = 24; int sweep = 360 / sectors; for(int i=0; i&lt;24;i++) { Color clr = Color.FromArgb(random.Next(0, 255),random.Next(0, 255), random.Next(0, 255)); g.FillPie(new SolidBrush(clr), rect, angle, sweep); angle += sweep; } g.Dispose(); }

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• Particular Project Types & Job Responsibility in Financial Industry

  - by Rachel

  I want to gain knowledge about types of projects in Financial Industry and how it is like working for Back Office, Middle Office and Front Office of an Financial Firm. I have gone through How do I start programming in Financial Industry and it is really good but am question is mainly aim at: What typical types of Projects we have in Back Office, Middle Office, Front Office or in any other Financial Firms. I have heard about terms like Derivates Trading, Equity Trading, Banking, Money Market and so what are the types of projects in this areas and what would be a good read or resources to learn about different Financial Sectors and its related projects in each of this sectors. I would really appreciate if people who have worked in Financial Industry to share this knowledge.

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• AJAX response not valid in C++ but Apache

  - by fehergeri

  I want to make a server written in C++ to power my game. I learned the basics of sockets and wrote a basic chat program that worked well. Now I want to create an HTTP server like Apache, but only for the AJAX request-response part. I think just for the beginning i copied one Apache response text, and i sent the exact response with the C++ server program. The problem that is that the browser (Firefox) connnects to the apache and everything works fine, except all of the requests get a correct response. But if i send this with the C++ client, then FireBug tells me that the response status is OK (200) but there is no actual response text. (How is this possible?) This response-text is exactly the same what apache sends. I made a bit-bit comparison and they were the same. The php file wich is the original response <?php echo "AS";echo rand(0,9); ?> And the origional source code: Socket.h http://pastebin.com/bW9qxtrR Socket.cpp http://pastebin.com/S3c8RFM7 main.cpp http://pastebin.com/ckExuXsR index.html http://pastebin.com/mcfEEqPP < this is the requester file. ajax.js http://pastebin.com/uXJe9hVC benchmark.js http://pastebin.com/djSYtKg9 jQuery is not needed. The main.cpp there is lot of trash code like main3 and main4 functions, these do not affect the result. I know that the response stuff in the C++ code is not really good because the connection closing is not the best; I will fix that later now I want to send a success response first. UPDATE: now i tested today a lot again and i find out there is no problem with the socket. I used the fiddler program to capture the the good answer and to capture the bad. They were the same. After this i turned off my socket application, and forced fiddler to auto respond, and the answer from the 'bad' answer still bat. So after that i replaced the bad with the good and nothing happedned. The bad answer with the good text still bad on the :8888 port but the other on the original :80 port was good, but they were absolutly the same and the same program sended it (fiddler) i think there is something missing if the response is not on the same server address (even not the same port). UPDATE: oh my god! i cant send ajax request to a remote server. now i know this.

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• Is there a flat-file database that is supported by Silverlight?

  - by Anton Kanevsky

  I am looking for a flat-file (or serverless) database that I can connect to a C# Silverlight application. There has to be one, but I can't find anything. EDIT: SQLite is an example of a flat-file database. A flat-file database in my view is any database that does not require a server. Unfortunately, SQLite does not work with Silverlight. What I want to achieve is to be able to store, update and delete entries from the database. In my application, there is a chart with sectors and nodes. I want to be able to edit sectors and store their settings in the database, and I want to be able to add/retrieve/edit/delete nodes on the chart. The database needs to be free for educational purposes. Thanks.

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• Nginx and client certificates from hierarchical OpenSSL-based certification authorities

  - by Fmy Oen

  I'm trying to set up root certification authority, subordinate certification authority and to generate the client certificates signed by any of this CA that nginx 0.7.67 on Debian Squeeze will accept. My problem is that root CA signed client certificate works fine while subordinate CA signed one results in "400 Bad Request. The SSL certificate error". Step 1: nginx virtual host configuration: server { server_name test.local; access_log /var/log/nginx/test.access.log; listen 443 default ssl; keepalive_timeout 70; ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:RC4-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA:RC4-MD5; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt; ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key; ssl_client_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/client.pem; ssl_verify_client on; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; location / { proxy_pass http://testsite.local/; } } Step 2: PKI infrastructure organization for both root and subordinate CA (based on this article): # mkdir ~/pki && cd ~/pki # mkdir rootCA subCA # cp -v /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf rootCA/ # cd rootCA/ # mkdir certs private crl newcerts; touch serial; echo 01 > serial; touch index.txt; touch crlnumber; echo 01 > crlnumber # cp -Rvp * ../subCA/ Almost no changes was made to rootCA/openssl.cnf: [ CA_default ] dir = . # Where everything is kept ... certificate = $dir/certs/rootca.crt # The CA certificate ... private_key = $dir/private/rootca.key # The private key and to subCA/openssl.cnf: [ CA_default ] dir = . # Where everything is kept ... certificate = $dir/certs/subca.crt # The CA certificate ... private_key = $dir/private/subca.key # The private key Step 3: Self-signed root CA certificate generation: # openssl genrsa -out ./private/rootca.key -des3 2048 # openssl req -x509 -new -key ./private/rootca.key -out certs/rootca.crt -config openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ./private/rootca.key: You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: Locality Name (eg, city) []: Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:rootca Email Address []: Step 4: Subordinate CA certificate generation: # cd ../subCA # openssl genrsa -out ./private/subca.key -des3 2048 # openssl req -new -key ./private/subca.key -out subca.csr -config openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ./private/subca.key: You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: Locality Name (eg, city) []: Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:subca Email Address []: Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []: Step 5: Subordinate CA certificate signing by root CA certificate: # cd ../rootCA/ # openssl ca -in ../subCA/subca.csr -extensions v3_ca -config openssl.cnf Using configuration from openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ./private/rootca.key: Check that the request matches the signature Signature ok Certificate Details: Serial Number: 1 (0x1) Validity Not Before: Feb 4 10:49:43 2013 GMT Not After : Feb 4 10:49:43 2014 GMT Subject: countryName = AU stateOrProvinceName = Some-State organizationName = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd commonName = subca X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: C9:E2:AC:31:53:81:86:3F:CD:F8:3D:47:10:FC:E5:8E:C2:DA:A9:20 X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: keyid:E9:50:E6:BF:57:03:EA:6E:8F:21:23:86:BB:44:3D:9F:8F:4A:8B:F2 DirName:/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca serial:9F:FB:56:66:8D:D3:8F:11 X509v3 Basic Constraints: CA:TRUE Certificate is to be certified until Feb 4 10:49:43 2014 GMT (365 days) Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y 1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y ... # cd ../subCA/ # cp -v ../rootCA/newcerts/01.pem certs/subca.crt Step 6: Server certificate generation and signing by root CA (for nginx virtual host): # cd ../rootCA # openssl genrsa -out ./private/server.key -des3 2048 # openssl req -new -key ./private/server.key -out server.csr -config openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ./private/server.key: You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: Locality Name (eg, city) []: Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:test.local Email Address []: Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []: # openssl ca -in server.csr -out certs/server.crt -config openssl.cnf Step 7: Client #1 certificate generation and signing by root CA: # openssl genrsa -out ./private/client1.key -des3 2048 # openssl req -new -key ./private/client1.key -out client1.csr -config openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ./private/client1.key: You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: Locality Name (eg, city) []: Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:Client #1 Email Address []: Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []: # openssl ca -in client1.csr -out certs/client1.crt -config openssl.cnf Step 8: Client #1 certificate converting to PKCS12 format: # openssl pkcs12 -export -out certs/client1.p12 -inkey private/client1.key -in certs/client1.crt -certfile certs/rootca.crt Step 9: Client #2 certificate generation and signing by subordinate CA: # cd ../subCA/ # openssl genrsa -out ./private/client2.key -des3 2048 # openssl req -new -key ./private/client2.key -out client2.csr -config openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ./private/client2.key: You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]: State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]: Locality Name (eg, city) []: Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]: Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []: Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:Client #2 Email Address []: Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []: # openssl ca -in client2.csr -out certs/client2.crt -config openssl.cnf Step 10: Client #2 certificate converting to PKCS12 format: # openssl pkcs12 -export -out certs/client2.p12 -inkey private/client2.key -in certs/client2.crt -certfile certs/subca.crt Step 11: Passing server certificate and private key to nginx (performed with OS superuser privileges): # cd ../rootCA/ # cp -v certs/server.crt /etc/nginx/ssl/ # cp -v private/server.key /etc/nginx/ssl/ Step 12: Passing root and subordinate CA certificates to nginx (performed with OS superuser privileges): # cat certs/rootca.crt > /etc/nginx/ssl/client.pem # cat ../subCA/certs/subca.crt >> /etc/nginx/ssl/client.pem client.pem file look like this: # cat /etc/nginx/ssl/client.pem -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIID6TCCAtGgAwIBAgIJAJ/7VmaN048RMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMFYxCzAJBgNV BAYTAkFVMRMwEQYDVQQIEwpTb21lLVN0YXRlMSEwHwYDVQQKExhJbnRlcm5ldCBX aWRnaXRzIFB0eSBMdGQxDzANBgNVBAMTBnJvb3RjYTAeFw0xMzAyMDQxMDM1NTda ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 1 (0x1) ... -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIID4DCCAsigAwIBAgIBATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBWMQswCQYDVQQGEwJBVTET MBEGA1UECBMKU29tZS1TdGF0ZTEhMB8GA1UEChMYSW50ZXJuZXQgV2lkZ2l0cyBQ dHkgTHRkMQ8wDQYDVQQDEwZyb290Y2EwHhcNMTMwMjA0MTA0OTQzWhcNMTQwMjA0 ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- It looks like everything is working fine: # service nginx reload # Reloading nginx configuration: Enter PEM pass phrase: # nginx. # Step 13: Installing *.p12 certificates in browser (Firefox in my case) gives the problem I've mentioned above. Client #1 = 200 OK, Client #2 = 400 Bad request/The SSL certificate error. Any ideas what should I do? Update 1: Results of SSL connection test attempts: # openssl s_client -connect test.local:443 -CAfile ~/pki/rootCA/certs/rootca.crt -cert ~/pki/rootCA/certs/client1.crt -key ~/pki/rootCA/private/client1.key -showcerts Enter pass phrase for tmp/testcert/client1.key: CONNECTED(00000003) depth=1 C = AU, ST = Some-State, O = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd, CN = rootca verify return:1 depth=0 C = AU, ST = Some-State, O = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd, CN = test.local verify return:1 --- Certificate chain 0 s:/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=test.local i:/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIDpjCCAo6gAwIBAgIBAjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBWMQswCQYDVQQGEwJBVTET MBEGA1UECBMKU29tZS1TdGF0ZTEhMB8GA1UEChMYSW50ZXJuZXQgV2lkZ2l0cyBQ dHkgTHRkMQ8wDQYDVQQDEwZyb290Y2EwHhcNMTMwMjA0MTEwNjAzWhcNMTQwMjA0 ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- 1 s:/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca i:/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIID6TCCAtGgAwIBAgIJAJ/7VmaN048RMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMFYxCzAJBgNV BAYTAkFVMRMwEQYDVQQIEwpTb21lLVN0YXRlMSEwHwYDVQQKExhJbnRlcm5ldCBX aWRnaXRzIFB0eSBMdGQxDzANBgNVBAMTBnJvb3RjYTAeFw0xMzAyMDQxMDM1NTda ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- --- Server certificate subject=/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=test.local issuer=/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca --- Acceptable client certificate CA names /C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca /C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=subca --- SSL handshake has read 3395 bytes and written 2779 bytes --- New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES256-SHA Server public key is 2048 bit Secure Renegotiation IS supported Compression: zlib compression Expansion: zlib compression SSL-Session: Protocol : TLSv1 Cipher : AES256-SHA Session-ID: 15BFC2029691262542FAE95A48078305E76EEE7D586400F8C4F7C516B0F9D967 Session-ID-ctx: Master-Key: 23246CF166E8F3900793F0A2561879E5DB07291F32E99591BA1CF53E6229491FEAE6858BFC9AACAF271D9C3706F139C7 Key-Arg : None PSK identity: None PSK identity hint: None SRP username: None TLS session ticket: 0000 - c2 5e 1d d2 b5 6d 40 23-b2 40 89 e4 35 75 70 07 .^...m@#[email protected]. 0010 - 1b bb 2b e6 e0 b5 ab 10-10 bf 46 6e aa 67 7f 58 ..+.......Fn.g.X 0020 - cf 0e 65 a4 67 5a 15 ba-aa 93 4e dd 3d 6e 73 4c ..e.gZ....N.=nsL 0030 - c5 56 f6 06 24 0f 48 e6-38 36 de f1 b5 31 c5 86 .V..$.H.86...1.. ... 0440 - 4c 53 39 e3 92 84 d2 d0-e5 e2 f5 8a 6a a8 86 b1 LS9.........j... Compression: 1 (zlib compression) Start Time: 1359989684 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 0 (ok) --- Everything seems fine with Client #2 and root CA certificate but request returns 400 Bad Request error: # openssl s_client -connect test.local:443 -CAfile ~/pki/rootCA/certs/rootca.crt -cert ~/pki/subCA/certs/client2.crt -key ~/pki/subCA/private/client2.key -showcerts Enter pass phrase for tmp/testcert/client2.key: CONNECTED(00000003) depth=1 C = AU, ST = Some-State, O = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd, CN = rootca verify return:1 depth=0 C = AU, ST = Some-State, O = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd, CN = test.local verify return:1 ... Compression: 1 (zlib compression) Start Time: 1359989989 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 0 (ok) --- GET / HTTP/1.0 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request Server: nginx/0.7.67 Date: Mon, 04 Feb 2013 15:00:43 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 231 Connection: close <html> <head><title>400 The SSL certificate error</title></head> <body bgcolor="white"> <center><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></center> <center>The SSL certificate error</center> <hr><center>nginx/0.7.67</center> </body> </html> closed Verification fails with Client #2 certificate and subordinate CA certificate: # openssl s_client -connect test.local:443 -CAfile ~/pki/subCA/certs/subca.crt -cert ~/pki/subCA/certs/client2.crt -key ~/pki/subCA/private/client2.key -showcerts Enter pass phrase for tmp/testcert/client2.key: CONNECTED(00000003) depth=1 C = AU, ST = Some-State, O = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd, CN = rootca verify error:num=19:self signed certificate in certificate chain verify return:0 ... Compression: 1 (zlib compression) Start Time: 1359990354 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 19 (self signed certificate in certificate chain) --- GET / HTTP/1.0 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request ... Still getting 400 Bad Request error with concatenated CA certificates and Client #2 (but still everything ok with Client #1): # cat certs/rootca.crt ../subCA/certs/subca.crt > certs/concatenatedca.crt # openssl s_client -connect test.local:443 -CAfile ~/pki/rootCA/certs/concatenatedca.crt -cert ~/pki/subCA/certs/client2.crt -key ~/pki/subCA/private/client2.key -showcerts Enter pass phrase for tmp/testcert/client2.key: CONNECTED(00000003) depth=1 C = AU, ST = Some-State, O = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd, CN = rootca verify return:1 depth=0 C = AU, ST = Some-State, O = Internet Widgits Pty Ltd, CN = test.local verify return:1 --- ... Compression: 1 (zlib compression) Start Time: 1359990772 Timeout : 300 (sec) Verify return code: 0 (ok) --- GET / HTTP/1.0 HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request ... Update 2: I've managed to recompile nginx with enabled debug. Here is the part of successfull conection by Client #1 track: 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 accept: <MY IP ADDRESS> fd:3 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 event timer add: 3: 60000:2856497512 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 kevent set event: 3: ft:-1 fl:0025 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 malloc: 28805200:660 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 malloc: 28834400:1024 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 posix_memalign: 28860000:4096 @16 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 http check ssl handshake 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 https ssl handshake: 0x16 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL server name: "test.local" 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_do_handshake: -1 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_get_error: 2 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL handshake handler: 0 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 verify:1, error:0, depth:1, subject:"/C=AU /ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca",issuer: "/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca" 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 verify:1, error:0, depth:0, subject:"/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=Client #1",issuer: "/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca" 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_do_handshake: 1 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL: TLSv1, cipher: "AES256-SHA SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=AES(256) Mac=SHA1" 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 http process request line 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_read: -1 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_get_error: 2 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 http process request line 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_read: 1 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_read: 524 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_read: -1 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 SSL_get_error: 2 2013/02/05 14:08:23 [debug] 38701#0: *119 http request line: "GET / HTTP/1.1" And here is the part of unsuccessfull conection by Client #2 track: 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 accept: <MY_IP_ADDRESS> fd:3 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 event timer add: 3: 60000:2855488975 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 kevent set event: 3: ft:-1 fl:0025 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 malloc: 28805200:660 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 malloc: 28834400:1024 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 posix_memalign: 28860000:4096 @16 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 http check ssl handshake 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 https ssl handshake: 0x16 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL server name: "test.local" 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_do_handshake: -1 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_get_error: 2 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL handshake handler: 0 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_do_handshake: -1 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_get_error: 2 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL handshake handler: 0 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 verify:0, error:20, depth:1, subject:"/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=subca",issuer: "/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca" 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 verify:0, error:27, depth:1, subject:"/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=subca",issuer: "/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=rootca" 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 verify:1, error:27, depth:0, subject:"/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=Client #2",issuer: "/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd/CN=subca" 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_do_handshake: 1 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL: TLSv1, cipher: "AES256-SHA SSLv3 Kx=RSA Au=RSA Enc=AES(256) Mac=SHA1" 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 http process request line 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_read: 1 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_read: 524 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_read: -1 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 SSL_get_error: 2 2013/02/05 13:51:34 [debug] 38701#0: *112 http request line: "GET / HTTP/1.1" So I'm getting OpenSSL error #20 and then #27. According to verify documentation: 20 X509_V_ERR_UNABLE_TO_GET_ISSUER_CERT_LOCALLY: unable to get local issuer certificate the issuer certificate could not be found: this occurs if the issuer certificate of an untrusted certificate cannot be found. 27 X509_V_ERR_CERT_UNTRUSTED: certificate not trusted the root CA is not marked as trusted for the specified purpose.

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• Cannot create zpool, how to get rid of intel raid volume?

  - by nagylzs

  This is a FreeBSD 9.1 amd64 computer. It has 5 disks installed. The ada0 and ada1 disks are used with a hw raid to provide the root filesystem: root@gw:/home/gandalf # ls /dev | grep ada ada0 ada1 ada2 ada3 ada4 root@gw:/home/gandalf # zpool status pool: zroot state: ONLINE scan: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zroot ONLINE 0 0 0 raid/r0s1a ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors I want to create a raidz pool for the remaining disks: root@gw:/home/gandalf # zpool create -f data raidz1 ada2 ada3 ada4 cannot create 'data': one or more devices is currently unavailable root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep ada2 ada2 at ata4 bus 0 scbus6 target 0 lun 0 ada2: <WDC WD20EARS-00MVWB0 51.0AB51> ATA-8 SATA 2.x device ada2: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes) ada2: 1907729MB (3907029168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C) ada2: Previously was known as ad16 root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep ada3 ada3 at ata5 bus 0 scbus7 target 0 lun 0 ada3: <SAMSUNG HD103UJ 1AA01118> ATA-7 SATA 2.x device ada3: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes) ada3: 953868MB (1953523055 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C) ada3: Previously was known as ad18 GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Disk ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Subdisk Volume0:0-ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep ada4 ada4 at ata6 bus 0 scbus8 target 0 lun 0 ada4: <TOSHIBA DT01ACA100 MS2OA750> ATA-8 SATA 3.x device ada4: 300.000MB/s transfers (SATA 2.x, UDMA5, PIO 8192bytes) ada4: 953869MB (1953525168 512 byte sectors: 16H 63S/T 16383C) ada4: Previously was known as ad20 root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep GEOM_RAID Aha, so ada3 is already part of another raid volume? Let's see: root@gw:/home/gandalf # dmesg | grep GEOM_RAID GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Array SiI-130628113902 created. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Disk ada0 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:1-ada0 state changed from NONE to STALE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Disk ada1 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:0-ada1 state changed from NONE to STALE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Array started. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:0-ada1 state changed from STALE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:1-ada0 state changed from STALE to RESYNC. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Subdisk SiI Raid1 Set:1-ada0 rebuild start at 0. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Volume SiI Raid1 Set state changed from STARTING to SUBOPTIMAL. GEOM_RAID: SiI-130628113902: Provider raid/r0 for volume SiI Raid1 Set created. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Array Intel-fb8732fa created. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Force array start due to timeout. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Disk ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Subdisk Volume0:0-ada3 state changed from NONE to ACTIVE. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Array started. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Volume Volume0 state changed from STARTING to DEGRADED. GEOM_RAID: Intel-fb8732fa: Provider raid/r1 for volume Volume0 created. root@gw:/home/gandalf # Yes, indeed. I want to get rid of raid/r1 completely. However, the controller was already set to "IDE" mode in the BIOS. So why it is creating a raid volume??? I have also tried overwritting the first 16k data of ada3 and reboot the computer, but it did not help. How can I delete /dev/raid/r1 ? root@gw:/home/gandalf # graid status Name Status Components raid/r0 SUBOPTIMAL ada0 (ACTIVE (RESYNC 4%)) ada1 (ACTIVE (ACTIVE)) raid/r1 DEGRADED ada3 (ACTIVE (ACTIVE)) root@gw:/home/gandalf # graid delete raid/r1 graid: Array 'raid/r1' not found. root@gw:/home/gandalf # graid delete /dev/raid/r1 graid: Array '/dev/raid/r1' not found. root@gw:/home/gandalf # Thanks

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