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• Revision Control System Recommendations

  - by Jordan Arsenault

  I've reached a point in my independent development work where I would like to start using Subversion techniques. Up to now, I've been simply making backups by exporting my current database, and zipping them together with my PHP project files. I've read some articles online and watched a video with Linus Torvalds - the general verdict seems to be that Git is in and old CVS techniques are out. I'm not currently operating under Linux, I do all PHP work out of Windows - Eclipse. Due to the fact that Eclipse runs on JVM, jumping into Linux - Eclipse will be more or less transparent - file system aside. What I would like to accomplish is being able to keep a constant revision history - But I want this to be almost entirely transparent. Also, I work in an MVC framework, and I would like to be able to release my views to Designers, and have them work from within the revision control system too. Will Egit accomplish what I need? Or is it too much overhead for a one-man workforce? What do you recommend I use so that I can keep a revision history? I also require the service to be free! Thank you all - StackOverflow ftw!

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• C# Casting system.__comobject to class type

  - by ijrufus

  I have an Excel Add-In that I'm currently trying to set up a unit test framework for. For the unit tests I've followed this guide: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/varsha/archive/2010/08/17/writing-automated-test-cases-for-vsto-application.aspx It seems to work fine, until I want to return a class object from my interface. Specifying the class object as the return type throws a "return argument has an invalid type" exception when calling the method. Changing the return type from the class to an object allows me to call the method and get the object, but now I'm unable to cast it as the class and use it as intended, getting this exception message when I try: > Unable to cast COM object of type 'System.__ComObject' to class type > 'anaplan.Utility.XYCoordinates'. Instances of types that represent COM > components cannot be cast to types that do not represent COM > components; however they can be cast to interfaces as long as the > underlying COM component supports QueryInterface calls for the IID of > the interface. I've retrieved the Type name using VisualBasic.Information.TypeName and it's showing it as the class I expect. Is there any way to get the comobject cast back to the class? Or another way to access the properties it has? Or am I just being a bit stupid here?

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• How can I avoid encoding mixups of strings in a C/C++ API?

  - by Frerich Raabe

  I'm working on implementing different APIs in C and C++ and wondered what techniques are available for avoiding that clients get the encoding wrong when receiving strings from the framework or passing them back. For instance, imagine a simple plugin API in C++ which customers can implement to influence translations. It might feature a function like this: const char *getTranslatedWord( const char *englishWord ); Now, let's say that I'd like to enforce that all strings are passed as UTF-8. Of course I'd document this requirement, but I'd like the compiler to enforce the right encoding, maybe by using dedicated types. For instance, something like this: class Word { public: static Word fromUtf8( const char *data ) { return Word( data ); } const char *toUtf8() { return m_data; } private: Word( const char *data ) : m_data( data ) { } const char *m_data; }; I could now use this specialized type in the API: Word getTranslatedWord( const Word &englishWord ); Unfortunately, it's easy to make this very inefficient. The Word class lacks proper copy constructors, assignment operators etc.. and I'd like to avoid unnecessary copying of data as much as possible. Also, I see the danger that Word gets extended with more and more utility functions (like length or fromLatin1 or substr etc.) and I'd rather not write Yet Another String Class. I just want a little container which avoids accidental encoding mixups. I wonder whether anybody else has some experience with this and can share some useful techniques. EDIT: In my particular case, the API is used on Windows and Linux using MSVC 6 - MSVC 10 on Windows and gcc 3 & 4 on Linux.

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• Unit testing a 'legacy' WPF Application

  - by sc_ray

  The product I have been working on has been in development for the past six years. It started as a generic data entry portal into an insanely complex part WPF/part legacy application. The system has been developed for all these years without a single Unit test in its fold. Now, the point has been raised for a comprehensive unit testing framework. I have been recruited recently to work on this product and have been tasked to get the 'Testing' in order. Since the team that worked on the product for the last six years adopted 'Agile', the project lacks any documentation of the business rules or any design documents. I have been trying to write unit tests for some of the modules. But I am not sure what to Mock, how to setup my Test fixture and eventually what to Test for, since a casual glance of the methods does not reveal its intentions. Also, it has come to my attention that the code was not developed with a particular methodology in mind. Given the situation, I was wondering if the good people of Stackoverflow could provide me with some advise on how to salvage this situation. I have heard about the book 'Working with Legacy Code' that has something to say about this general situation but I was thinking about getting some pointers from individuals who have encountered similar situations within the technology stack(C#,VB,C++,.NET 3.5,WCF,SQL Server 2005).

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• How should I map an abstract class with simple xml in Java?

  - by spderosso

  Hi, I want to achieve the following xml using simple xml framework (http://simple.sourceforge.net/): <events> <course-added date="01/01/2010"> ... </course-added> <course-removed date="01/02/2010"> .... </course-removed> <student-enrolled date="01/02/2010"> ... </student-enrolled> </events> I have the following (but it doesn't achieve the desired xml): @Root(name="events") class XMLEvents { @ElementList(inline=true) ArrayList<XMLEvent> events = Lists.newArrayList(); ... } abstract class XMLEvent { @Attribute(name="date") String dateOfEventFormatted; ... } And different type of XMLNodes that have different information (but are all different types of events) @Root(name="course-added") class XMLCourseAdded extends XMLEvent{ @Element(name="course") XMLCourseLongFormat course; .... } @Root(name="course-removed") class XMLCourseRemoved extends XMLEvent { @Element(name="course-id") String courseId; ... } How should I do the mapping or what should I change in order to be able to achieve de desired xml? Thanks!

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• Job queueing and execute Mechanism

  - by Calm Storm

  In my webservice all method calls submits jobs to a queue. Basically these operations take long time to execute, so all these operations submit a Job to a queue and return a status saying "Submitted". Then the client keeps polling using another service method to check for the status of the job. Presently, what I do is create my own Queue, Job classes that are Serializable and persist these jobs (i.e, their serialized byte stream format) into the database. So an UpdateLogistics operation just queues up a "UpdateLogisticsJob" to the queue and returns. I have written my own JobExecutor which wakes up every N seconds, scans the database table for any existing jobs, and executes them. Note the jobs have to persisted because these jobs have to survive app-server crashes. This was done a long time ago, and I used bespoke classes for my Queues, Jobs, Executors etc. But now, I would like to know has someone done something similar before? In particular, Are there frameworks available for this ? Something in Spring/Apache etc Any framework that is easy to adapt/debug and plays well along with libraries like Spring will be great.

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• FileSystemWatcher Work is Done?

  - by Snowy

  I setup a FsWatcher on a local filesystem directory. I only want to know when files are added to the directory so they can be moved to another filesystem. I seem to be able to detect when the first file is in, but actually I want to know when all files from a given copy operation are done. If I used Windows Explorer to copy files from one directory to another, Explorer would tell me that there are n seconds left in the transfer, so while there is some activity for the begin-transfer and end-transfer for each file, it appears that there is something for the begin-transfer and end-transfer for all files. I wonder if there is something similar that I can do just with the .NET Framework. I would like to know when "all" files are in and not just a single file in a "transaction". If there is nothing baked in, maybe I should come up with some kind of waiting/countering in order to only do my activity when a job is "done". Not sure if I'm making 100% sense on this one, please anyone comment. Thanks.

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• Assigning Object to View, big MySQL resultset.

  - by A Finn

  Hello (Sorry for my bad English) Is it bad practice to assign object to view and call its methods in there? I use smarty as my template engine. In my controller I could do like this 1# $this->view->assign("name", $this->model->getName); and in my view <p>{$name}</p> OR 2# $this->view->assign("Object", $this->model); and in my view <p>{$Report->getName()}</p> Well my biggest problem is that I have to handle a big amount of data coming out from the MySQL and I thought that if I would made a method that would print out the data while looping mysql_fetch_row. Well at least I know that using html-tags in the model is a bad thing to do. So I would assign the object to the view to get the result to the right position on the page.. Reading a mysql-result to an array first may cause memory problems am I right? So what is the solution doing things MVC style.. And yes Im using a framework of my own.

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• Automating Excel through the PIA makes VBA go squiffy.

  - by Jon Artus

  I have absolutely no idea how to start diagnosing this, and just wondered if anyone had any suggestions. I'm generating an Excel spreadsheet by calling some Macros from a C# application, and during the generation process it somehow breaks. I've got a VBA class containing all of my logging/error-handling logic, which I instantiate using a singleton-esque accessor, shown here: Private mcAppFramework As csys_ApplicationFramework Public Function AppFramework() As csys_ApplicationFramework If mcAppFramework Is Nothing Then Set mcAppFramework = New csys_ApplicationFramework Call mcAppFramework.bInitialise End If Set AppFramework = mcAppFramework End Function The above code works fine before I've generated the spreadsheet, but afterwards fails. The problem seems to be the following line; Set mcAppFramework = New csys_ApplicationFramework which I've never seen fail before. If I add a watch to the variable being assigned here, the type shows as csys_ApplicationFramework/wksFoo, where wksFoo is a random worksheet in the same workbook. What seems to be happening is that while the variable is of the right type, rather than filling that slot with a new instance of my framework class, it's making it point to an existing worksheet instead, the equivalent of Set mcAppFramework = wksFoo which is a compiler error, as one might expect. Even more bizarrely, if I put a breakpoint on the offending line, edit the line, and then resume execution, it works. For example, I delete the word 'New' move off the line, move back, re-type 'New' and resume execution. This somehow 'fixes' the workbook and it works happily ever after, with the type of the variable in my watch window showing as csys_ApplicationFramework/csys_ApplicationFramework as I'd expect. This implies that manipulating the workbook through the PIA is somehow breaking it temporarily. All I'm doing in the PIA is opening the workbook, calling several macros using Excel.Application.Run(), and saving it again. I can post a few more details if anyone thinks that it's relevant. I don't know how VBA creates objects behind the scenes or how to debug this. I also don't know how the way the code executes can change without the code itself changing. As previously mentioned, VBA has frankly gone a bit squiffy on me... Any thoughts?

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• log activity. intrusion detection. user event notification ( interraction ). messaging

  - by Julian Davchev

  Have three questions that I somehow find related so I put them in same place. Currently building relatively large LAMP system - making use of messaging(activeMQ) , memcache and other goodies. I wonder if there are best practices or nice tips and tricks on howto implement those. System is user aware - meaning all actions done can be bind to particular logged user. 1. How to log all actions/activities of users? So that stats/graphics might be extracted later for analysing. At best that will include all url calls, post data etc etc. Meaning tons of inserts. I am thinking sending messages to activeMQ and later cron dumping in DB and cron analysing might be good idea here. Since using Zend Framework I guess I may use some request plugin so I don't have to make the log() call all over the code. 2.How to log stuff so may be used for intrusion detection? I know most things might be done on http level using apache mods for example but there are also specific cases like (5 failed login attempts in a row (leads to captcha) etc etc..) This also would include tons of inserts. Here I guess direct usage of memcache might be best approach as data don't seem vital to be permanantly persisted. Not sure if cannot use data from point 1. 3.System will notify users of some events. Like need approval , something broke..whatever.Some events will need feedback(action) from user, others are just informational. Wonder if there is common solutions for needs like this. Example: Based on occuring event(s) user will be notifed (user inbox for example) what happend. There will be link or something to lead him to details of thingy that happend and take action accordingly. Those seem trivial at first look but problem I see if coding it directly is becoming really fast hard to maintain.

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• Which web solution should I use for my project?

  - by BenIOs

  I'm going to create a fairly large (from my point of view anyway) web project with a friend. We will create a site with roads and other road related info. Our calculations is that we will have around 100k items in our database. Each item will contain some information like location, name etc. (about 30 thing each). We are counting on having a few hundred thousand unique visitors per month. The 100k items and their locations (that will be searchable) will be the main part of the page but we will also have some articles, comments, news and later on some more social functions (accounts, forums, picture uploads etc.). We were going to use Google AppEngine to develop our project since it is really scalable and free (at least for a while). But I'm actually starting to doubt that AppEngine is right for us. It seems to be for webbapps and not sites like ours. Which system (language/framework etc.) would you guys recommend us to use? It doesn't really mater if we know the language since before (we like learning new stuff) but it would be good if it's something that is future proof.

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• Is the Subversion 'stack' a realistic alternative to Team Foundation Server?

  - by Robert S.

  I'm evaluating Microsoft Team Foundation Server for my customer, who currently uses Visual SourceSafe and nothing else. They have explicitly expressed a desire to implement a more rigid and process-driven environment as their application is in production and they have future releases to consider. The particular areas I'm trying to cover are: Configuration management (e.g., source control) Change management (workflow and doco for change requests, tasks) Release management (builds and deployments) Incident and problem management (issues and bugs) Document management (similar to source control, but available via web) Code analysis constraints on check-ins A testing framework Reporting Visual Studio 2008 integration TFS does all of these things quite well, but it's expensive and complex to maintain, and the inexpensive Workgroup edition doesn't scale. We don't get TFS as part of our MSDN subscription. Those problems can be overcome, but before I tell my customer to go the TFS route, which in itself isn't a terrible thing, I wanted to evaluate the alternatives. I know Subversion is often suggested for its configuration management/source control, but what about the other areas? Would a combination of Subversion/NUnit/Wiki/CruiseControl/NAnt/something else satisfy all of these requirements? What tools do I need to include in my evaluation? Or should I just bite the bullet and go with TFS since we're already invested in the Microsoft stack?

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• What wrapper class in C++ should I use for automated resource management?

  - by Vilx-

  I'm a C++ amateur. I'm writing some Win32 API code and there are handles and weirdly compositely allocated objects aplenty. So I was wondering - is there some wrapper class that would make resource management easier? For example, when I want to load some data I open a file with CreateFile() and get a HANDLE. When I'm done with it, I should call CloseHandle() on it. But for any reasonably complex loading function there will be dozens of possible exit points, not to mention exceptions. So it would be great if I could wrap the handle in some kind of wrapper class which would automatically call CloseHandle() once execution left the scope. Even better - it could do some reference counting so I can pass it around in and out of other functions, and it would release the resource only when the last reference left scope. The concept is simple - but is there something like that in the standard library? I'm using Visual Studio 2008, by the way, and I don't want to attach a 3rd party framework like Boost or something.

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• how to pass value to controller??

  - by rajesh

  When I try to pass url value to controller action, action is not getting the required value. I'm sending the value like this: function value(url,id) { alert(url); document.getElementById('rating').innerHTML=id; var params = 'artist='+id; alert(params); // var newurl='http://localhost/songs_full/public/eslresult/ratesong/userid/1/id/27'; var myAjax = new Ajax.Request(newurl,{method: 'post',parameters:params,onComplete: loadResponse}); //var myAjax = new Ajax.Request(url,{method:'POST',parameters:params,onComplete: load}); //alert(myAjax); } function load(http) { alert('success'); } and in the controller I have: public function ratesongAction() { $user=$_POST['rating']; echo $user; $post= $this->getRequest()->getPost(); //echo $post; $ratesongid= $this->_getParam('id'); } But still not getting the result. I am using zend framework.

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• C# error casting from double to int32

  - by orfix

  using NUF = NUnit.Framework; [NUF.Test]public void DifferentCastingTest() { NUF.Assert.That((int)0.499999D, NUF.Is.EqualTo(0)); NUF.Assert.That((int)0.500000D, NUF.Is.EqualTo(0)); // !!! row 1 NUF.Assert.That((int)1.499999D, NUF.Is.EqualTo(1)); NUF.Assert.That((int)1.500000D, NUF.Is.EqualTo(1)); // !!! row 2 NUF.Assert.That(System.Convert.ToInt32(0.499999D), NUF.Is.EqualTo(0)); NUF.Assert.That(System.Convert.ToInt32(0.500000D), NUF.Is.EqualTo(0)); // !!! NUF.Assert.That(System.Convert.ToInt32(1.499999D), NUF.Is.EqualTo(1)); NUF.Assert.That(System.Convert.ToInt32(1.500000D), NUF.Is.EqualTo(2)); //!!! row 3 } The same double value (1.5D) is converted in different way by casting and Convert.ToInt32 (see row 2 and 3), and two double with same mantissa (0.5 and 1.5) is rounded in different mode (see row 1 and 2). Is it a bug?

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• C# struct with an array

  - by Whitey

  I am making a game using C# with the XNA framework. The player is a 2D soldier on screen and the user is able to fire bullets. The bullets are stored in an array. I have looked into using Lists and arrays for this and I came to the conclusion that an array is a lot better for me, as there will be a lot of bullets firing and being destroyed at once, something that I read Lists don't handle so well. After reading through some posts on the XNA forums, this came to my attention: http://forums.xna.com/forums/p/16037/84353.aspx I have created a struct like so: // Bullets struct Bullet { Vector2 Position; Vector2 Velocity; float Rotation; Rectangle BoundingRect; bool Active; } And I made the array like this: Bullet[] bulletCollection = new Bullet[100]; But when I try to do some code like this: // Fire bullet if (mouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) { for (int i = 0; i < bulletCollection.Length; i++) { if (!bulletCollection[i].Active) { // something } } I get the following error: 'Zombie_Apocalypse.Game1.Bullet.Active' is inaccessible due to its protection level Can anyone lend a hand? I have no idea why this error is popping up, or even if I'm declaring the array properly or anything... as the post on the XNA forums doesn't go into detail about that. Thank you for any help you can provide. :)

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• Finding patterns of failure in a Unit Test

  - by Pekka

  I'm new to Unit Testing, and I'm only getting into the routine of building test suites. I have what is going to be a rather large project that I want to build tests for from the start. I'm trying to figure out general strategies and patterns for building test suites. When you look at a class, many tests come to you obviously due to the nature of the class. Say for a "user account" class with basic CRUD operations, being related to a database table, we will want to test - well, the CRUD. creating an object and seeing whether it exists query its properties change some properties change some properties to incorrect values and delete it again. As for how to break things, there are "fail" tests common to most CRUD classes like: Invalid input data types A number as the ID key that exceeds the range of the chosen data type Input in an incorrect character encoding Input that is too long And so on and so on. For a unit test concerned with file operations, the list of "breaking things" could be Invalid characters in file name File name too long File name uses incorrect protocol or path I'm pretty sure similar patterns - applicable beyond the unit test one is currently working on - can be found for most units that are being tested. Now my question is: Am I correct in seeing such "breaking patterns"? Or am I getting something completely wrong about Unit testing, and if I did it right, this wouldn't be an issue at all? Is Unit Testing as a process of finding as many ways to break the unit as possible the right way to go? If I am correct: Are there existing definitions, lists, cheat sheets for such patterns? Are there any provisions (mainly in PHPUnit, as that's the framework I'm working in) to automate such patterns? Is there any assistance - in the form of check lists, or software - to aid in writing complete tests?

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• Pick up relevant information from a string using regular expression C#3.0

  - by Newbie

  Hi, I have a situation. I have been given some file name which can be like <filename>YYYYMMDD<fileextension> some valid file names that will satisfy the above pattern are as under xxx20100326.xls, xxx2v20100326.csv, x_20100326.xls, xy2z_abc_20100326_xyz.csv, abc.xyz.20100326.doc, ab2.v.20100326.doc, abc.v.20100326_xyz.xls In what ever be the above defined case, I need to pick up the dates only. So for all the cases, the output will be 20100326. I am trying to achieve the same but no luck. Here is what I have done so far string testdata = "x2v20100326.csv"; string strYYYY = @"\d{4}"; string strMM = @"(1[0-2]|0[1-9])"; string strDD = @"(3[0-1]|[1-2][0-9]|0[1-9])"; string regExPattern = @"\A" + strYYYY + strMM + strDD + @"\Z"; Regex regex = new Regex(regExPattern); Match match = regex.Match(testdata); if (match.Success) { string result = match.Groups[0].Value; } I am using c#3.0 and dotnet framework 3.5 Please help. It is very urgent Thanks in advance.

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• Java Generics error when implementing Hibernate message interpolator

  - by Jayaprakash

  Framework: Spring, Hibernate. O/S: Windows I am trying to implement hibernate's Custom message interpolator following the direction of this Link. When implementing the below class, it gives an error "Cannot make a static reference to the non-static type Locale". public class ClientLocaleThreadLocal<Locale> { private static ThreadLocal tLocal = new ThreadLocal(); public static void set(Locale locale) { tLocal.set(locale); } public static Locale get() { return tLocal.get(); } public static void remove() { tLocal.remove(); } } As I do not know generics enough, not sure how is being used by TimeFilter class below and the purpose of definition in the above class. public class TimerFilter implements Filter { public void destroy() { } public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { try { ClientLocaleThreadLocal.set(req.getLocale()); filterChain.doFilter(req, res); }finally { ClientLocaleThreadLocal.remove(); } } public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException { } } Will doing the following be okay? Change static method/field in ClientLocaleThreadLocal to non-static method/fields In TimeFilter, set locale by instantiating new object as below. new ClientLocaleThreadLocal().set(req.getLocale()) Thanks for your help in advance

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• JQuery datepicker icon trigger broken after inserting data to database

  - by crisgine callano

  at first i got to load my icon for the JQuery datepicker but after i insert the value to my database the icon image is broken. im using Codeigniter framework. here's my html code: <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>CRUD</title> <?php echo link_tag(base_url() . 'css/ui-lightness/jquery-ui-1.8.23.custom.css'); ?> </head> <body> <div> <?php echo form_label('BDay:', 'bday'); $data = array( 'name' => 'bday', 'id' => 'datepicker' ); echo form_input($data); ?> </div> </body> </html> and here's my jscript: <script> $(function() { $( "#datepicker" ).datepicker({ changeMonth: true, changeYear: true, showOn: "button", buttonImage: "<?php echo base_url() . '/images/icons/calendar_24.png' ?>", buttonImageOnly: true, onSelect: function(dateText, inst){ $("input[name='bday']").val(dateText); } }); }); am i missing something? thanks!

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• How to check Internet status in iPhone

  - by Radix

  Hello; I wanted to check whether internet is connected or not using either the SystemConfiguration or the CFNetwork i am not quite sure which one. Then i want to know that if the internet is connected then is it connected through wifi or not. I tried an example where i used the below code -(IBAction) shownetworkStatus { NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"www.google.com"]; if (url!=NULL) { lbl.text = @"Connected"; } else { lbl.text = @"notConnected"; } } some say that its not valid as per apple and you have to use the SystemConfiguration Framework, Please let me know what needs to be done. Also i personally think that what i am doing in the above code is not proper as if one day google may also be down due to maintenance or some other factors. Also if you could provide me a link where i could display the name of the WIFI network then it would be really cool. I searched the internet then i got these Reachability.h code which again is a bouncer as i wana learn the concepts not copy paste them Thanks and Regards Radix

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• Methods to see result fo a code change faster

  - by Can't Tell

  This question came to me when developing using Eclipse. I use JBoss Application Server and use hot code replacement. But this option requires that the 'build automatically' option to be enabled. This makes Eclipse build the workspace automatically (periodically or when a file is saved?) and for a large code base this takes too much time and processing which makes the machine freeze for a while. Also sometimes an error message is shown saying that hot code replacement failed. The question that I have is: is there a better way to see the result of a code change? Currently I have the following two suggestions: Have unit tests - this will allow to run a single test and see the result of a code change. ( But for a JavaEE application that uses EJBs is it easy to setup unit tests?) Use OSGi - which allows to add jars to the running system without bringing down the JVM. Any ideas on above suggestions or any other suggestion or a framework that allows to do this is welcome.

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• Console Application Structure

  - by Paul Fox

  I've written several .Net Console Applications over the past 6 months and we have many more throughout different projects in our organization. I generally stick to the same standard format/structure for my Console Applications. Unfortunately, many of our console applications do not. I have been looking into ways of standardizing the structure of these Console Applications. I would also like to provide a framework for the basic structure of a Console Application and provide easy access to standard ways of handling things such as argument passing, logging, etc. Can anyone suggest Best Practices for addressing these concerns? I have been reading this MSDN article on Console Applications in .Net which suggests a Design Pattern for Console Apps. The example uses a Template Method pattern to handle some of the concerns I listed earlier. Two negatives of using this approach are listed in the article. Ending up with twice as many classes Having many simple, similar classes Can anyone suggest better, or more standard, ways of handling this? What about listing additional negatives with this approach?

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• A better solution than element.Elements("Whatever").First()?

  - by codeka

  I have an XML file like this: <SiteConfig> <Sites> <Site Identifier="a" /> <Site Identifier="b" /> <Site Identifier="c" /> </Sites> </SiteConfig> The file is user-editable, so I want to provide reasonable error message in case I can't properly parse it. I could probably write a .xsd for it, but that seems kind of overkill for a simple file. So anyway, when querying for the list of <Site> nodes, there's a couple of ways I could do it: var doc = XDocument.Load(...); var siteNodes = from siteNode in doc.Element("SiteConfig").Element("SiteUrls").Elements("Sites") select siteNode; But the problem with this is that if the user has not included the <SiteUrls> node (say) it'll just throw a NullReferenceException which doesn't really say much to the user about what actually went wrong. Another possibility is just to use Elements() everywhere instead of Element(), but that doesn't always work out when coupled with calls to Attribute(), for example, in the following situation: var siteNodes = from siteNode in doc.Elements("SiteConfig") .Elements("SiteUrls") .Elements("Sites") where siteNode.Attribute("Identifier").Value == "a" select siteNode; (That is, there's no equivalent to Attributes("xxx").Value) Is there something built-in to the framework to handle this situation a little better? What I would prefer is a version of Element() (and of Attribute() while we're at it) that throws a descriptive exception (e.g. "Looking for element <xyz> under <abc> but no such element was found") instead of returning null. I could write my own version of Element() and Attribute() but it just seems to me like this is such a common scenario that I must be missing something...

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• Error: undefined method `contact' for nil:NilClass

  - by user275801

  I have a ruby/rails/hobo system that someone wrote a couple years ago, that I need to port to the latest version of ruby/rails/hobo. It seems that ruby doesn't care about backward compatibility, so code that used to work in the old app doesn't work anymore: In the observation.rb model file, the old app has this: belongs_to :survey has_one :site, :through => :survey def create_permitted? acting_user == self.survey.contact or acting_user.administrator? end survey.rb model file has this: belongs_to :contact, :class_name => 'User', :creator => true Unfortunately the code in observation.rb doesn't work under the new ruby/rails/hobo, and it gives me the error: NoMethodError in Observations#index Showing controller: observations; dryml-tag: index-page where line #1 raised: undefined method `contact' for nil:NilClass Extracted source (around line #1): 0 Rails.root: /home/simon/ruby/frogwatch2 Application Trace | Framework Trace | Full Trace app/models/observation.rb:48:in `create_permitted?' How should the "create_permitted" method be changed? I'm finding that the documentation for ruby/rails/hobo is pretty atrocious (which is fair enough as it is free software). Also I don't even know how to begin searching for this on google (i've been trying for days). Please help! :)

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