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  • Single Table Per Class Hierarchy with an abstract superclass using Hibernate Annotations

    - by Andy Hull
    I have a simple class hierarchy, similar to the following: @Entity @Table(name="animal") @Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE) @DiscriminatorColumn(name="animal_type", discriminatorType=DiscriminatorType.STRING) public abstract class Animal { } @Entity @DiscriminatorValue("cat") public class Cat extends Animal { } @Entity @DiscriminatorValue("dog") public class Dog extends Animal { } When I query "from Animal" I get this exception: "org.hibernate.InstantiationException: Cannot instantiate abstract class or interface: Animal" If I make Animal concrete, and add a dummy discriminator... such as @DiscriminatorValue("animal")... my query returns my cats and dogs as instances of Animals. I remember this being trivial with HBM based mappings but I think I'm missing something when using annotations. Can anyone help? Thanks!

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  • C++ class initialisation containing class variable initialization

    - by Phil Hannent
    I noticed some code of a colleague today that initialized class variables in the initialization. However it was causing a warning, he says because of the order they are in. My question is why is it better to do variable initialization where it currently is and not within the curly brackets? DiagramScene::DiagramScene( int slideNo, QRectF screenRect, MainWindow* parent ) : QGraphicsScene( screenRect, parent ), myParent( parent ), slideUndoImageCurrentIndex(-1), nextGroupID(0), m_undoInProgress(false), m_deleteItemOnNextUndo(0) line(0), path(0) { /* Setup default brush for background */ scDetail->bgBrush.setStyle(Qt::SolidPattern); scDetail->bgBrush.setColor(Qt::white); setBackgroundBrush(scDetail->bgBrush); }

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  • Check if a class is subclass of another class in Java

    - by craesh
    Hi! I'm playing around with Java's reflection API and trying to handle some fields. Now I'm stuck with identifying the type of my fields. Strings are easy, just do myField.getType().equals(String.class). The same applies for other non-derived classes. But how do I check derived classes? E.g. LinkedList as subclass of List. I can't find any isSubclassOf(...) or extends(...) method. Do I need to walk through all getSuperClass() and find my supeclass by my own? Thanks! craesh

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  • Static member class - declare class private and class member package-private?

    - by Helper Method
    Consider you have the following class public class OuterClass { ... private static class InnerClass { int foo; int bar; } } I think I've read somewhere (but not the official Java Tutorial) that if I would declare the static member classes attributes private, the compiler had to generate some sort of accessor methods so that the outer class can actually access the static member class's (which is effectively a package-private top level class) attributes. Any ideas on that?

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  • linq hierarchy problem

    - by Pratik
    I reterive a result from sql server as ProjectDetailID,ProjectID,ParentID,...,C1,C2,C3,... where C1 implies(=) companyOne, C2=CompanyTwo ... etc and dynamically can have 'n' companies For time being lets consider only 3 companies, So I get : ProjectDetailID,ProjectID,ParentID,C1,C2,C3 10,1,0,NULL,NULL,NULL 10,2,1,NULL,NULL,NULL 10,3,2,90,NULL,NULL 10,4,2,NULL,60,NULL 10,10,1,70,NULL,NULL 10,5,10,20,40,NULL 10,13,2,NULL,NULL,NULL I want from this following result using LINQ (C#) ProjectDetailID,ProjectID,ParentID,C1,C2,C3 10,1,0,180,100,NULL 10,2,1,90,60,NULL 10,3,2,90,NULL,NULL 10,4,2,NULL,60,NULL 10,10,1,90,40,NULL 10,5,10,20,40,NULL 10,13,2,NULL,NULL,NULL The problem is that at parent level i have null value for a company but at its child i have some value, which i keep on adding and have placed that in parent corresponding to that company only. I am not getting from where to start. Please share your ideas. And i am looking to do this in LINQ using C#

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  • print hierarchy data(adjacency list model) in a list(ul/ol/li)

    - by adi
    I have adjacency list model like on the page http://dev.mysql.com/tech-resources/articles/hierarchical-data.html i have make a full table containing all data ordered by level using this SELECT t1.name AS lev1, t2.name as lev2, t3.name as lev3, t4.name as lev4 FROM category AS t1 LEFT JOIN category AS t2 ON t2.parent = t1.category_id LEFT JOIN category AS t3 ON t3.parent = t2.category_id LEFT JOIN category AS t4 ON t4.parent = t3.category_id WHERE t1.name = 'ELECTRONICS'; ORDER by ..... I want to make an unordered list using php from the table Anyone can help me...

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  • T-SQL Hierarchy to duplicate Dependent Objects tree view in SQL Server 2005

    - by drewg
    Hi Id like to map the calling stack from one master stored procedure through its hundreds of siblings. i can see it in the dialog, but cannot copy or print it, but couldnt trap anythiing worthwhile in proflier. do you know what sproc fills that treeview? i must be a recursive CTE that reads syscomments or information_schema.routines, but its beyond my chops, though i can imagine it thanks in advance drew

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  • VS2012 - How to manually convert .NET Class Library to a Portable Class Library

    - by Igor Milovanovic
    The portable libraries are the  response to the growing profile fragmentation in .NET frameworks. With help of portable libraries you can share code between different runtimes without dreadful #ifdef PLATFORM statements or even worse “Add as Link” source file sharing practices. If you have an existing .net class library which you would like to reference from a different runtime (e.g. you have a .NET Framework 4.5 library which you would like to reference from a Windows Store project), you can either create a new portable class library and move the classes there or edit the existing .csproj file and change the XML directly. The following example shows how to convert a .NET Framework 4.5 library to a Portable Class Library. First Unload the Project and change the following settings in the .csproj file: <Import Project="$(MSBuildToolsPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" /> to: <Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\Portable \$(TargetFrameworkVersion)\Microsoft.Portable.CSharp.targets" /> and add the following keys to the first property group in order to get visual studio to show the framework picker dialog: <ProjectTypeGuids>{786C830F-07A1-408B-BD7F-6EE04809D6DB}; {FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}</ProjectTypeGuids>   After that you can select the frameworks in the Library Tab of the Portable Library:   As last step, delete any framework references from the library as you have them already referenced via the .NET Portable Subset.     [1] Cross-Platform Development with the .NET Framework - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg597391.aspx [2] Framework Profiles in .NET: http://nitoprograms.blogspot.de/2012/05/framework-profiles-in-net.html

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  • jQuery how to add class to a parent div which has a 3rd level child div with a specific class name.

    - by Vikram
    Hello friends I have an issue adding a special class to a couple of my divs. My layout is like this. <div class="container"> <div class="grid-6 push-3 equal" style="height: 999px;"> <div class="block"> <div id="mainbody"> <!-- Body content here --> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-2 equal" style="height: 999px;"> <div class="block"> <div id="sidebar-a"> <!-- Sidebar-a content here --> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-2 equal" style="height: 999px;"> <div class="block"> <div id="sidebar-b"> <!-- Sidebar-b content here --> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-2 equal" style="height: 999px;"> <div class="block"> <div id="sidebar-b"> <!-- Sidebar-c content here --> </div> </div> </div> </div> I want to add a different background color to each of my sidebars via CSS and when I code like: #mainbody { background : #fff; } #sidebar-a { background : #eee; } #sidebar-b { background : #ddd; } #sidebar-c { background : #ccc; } It is applying the background only to that specific class but that specific class is not of equal height. I actually need to apply to this <div class="grid-2 equal" style="height: 999px;"> div. Now the issue is that in this <div class="grid-6 push-3 equal" style="height: 999px;"> and class="grid-2 equal" style="height: 999px;"> the class names grid-6 and grid-2 are generated dynamically by my PHP of 960 Grid System and also the style="height: 999px; is generated by a jQuery script for Equal-Columns. What I want is to add a unique class name like this...... Look for a div with a class of .equal which has a child div with a class of .block and which further has a child div with an ID of sidebar-a. IF TRUE then add a class of .sidebar-a to the maindiv which has a class of .equal So that the result looks like this: <div class="grid-6 equal push-3 mainbody" style="height: 999px;"> <div class="grid-2 equal sidebar-a" style="height: 999px;"> <div class="grid-2 equal sidebar-b" style="height: 999px;"> <div class="grid-2 equal sidebar-c" style="height: 999px;"> Then I'll be able to style it like this: .mainbody { background : #fff; } .sidebar-a { background : #eee; } .sidebar-b { background : #ddd; } .sidebar-c { background : #ccc; } Hence I thought since I am anyway using jQuery in my Template, why not use it to deal with this issue. Please feel free to suggest a better way if you have something else in mind.

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  • Why is an anonymous inner class containing nothing generated from this code?

    - by Andrew Westberg
    When run through javac on the cmd line Sun JVM 1.6.0_20, this code produces 6 .class files OuterClass.class OuterClass$1.class OuterClass$InnerClass.class OuterClass$InnerClass2.class OuterClass$InnerClass$InnerInnerClass.class OuterClass$PrivateInnerClass.class When run through JDT in eclipse, it produces only 5 classes. OuterClass.class OuterClass$1.class OuterClass$InnerClass.class OuterClass$InnerClass2.class OuterClass$InnerClass$InnerInnerClass.class OuterClass$PrivateInnerClass.class When decompiled, OuterClass$1.class contains nothing. Where is this extra class coming from and why is it created? package com.test; public class OuterClass { public class InnerClass { public class InnerInnerClass { } } public class InnerClass2 { } //this class should not exist in OuterClass after dummifying private class PrivateInnerClass { private String getString() { return "hello PrivateInnerClass"; } } public String getStringFromPrivateInner() { return new PrivateInnerClass().getString(); } }

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  • Class Loading Deadlocks

    - by tomas.nilsson
    Mattis follows up on his previous post with one more expose on Class Loading Deadlocks As I wrote in a previous post, the class loading mechanism in Java is very powerful. There are many advanced techniques you can use, and when used wrongly you can get into all sorts of trouble. But one of the sneakiest deadlocks you can run into when it comes to class loading doesn't require any home made class loaders or anything. All you need is classes depending on each other, and some bad luck. First of all, here are some basic facts about class loading: 1) If a thread needs to use a class that is not yet loaded, it will try to load that class 2) If another thread is already loading the class, the first thread will wait for the other thread to finish the loading 3) During the loading of a class, one thing that happens is that the <clinit method of a class is being run 4) The <clinit method initializes all static fields, and runs any static blocks in the class. Take the following class for example: class Foo { static Bar bar = new Bar(); static { System.out.println("Loading Foo"); } } The first time a thread needs to use the Foo class, the class will be initialized. The <clinit method will run, creating a new Bar object and printing "Loading Foo" But what happens if the Bar object has never been used before either? Well, then we will need to load that class as well, calling the Bar <clinit method as we go. Can you start to see the potential problem here? A hint is in fact #2 above. What if another thread is currently loading class Bar? The thread loading class Foo will have to wait for that thread to finish loading. But what happens if the <clinit method of class Bar tries to initialize a Foo object? That thread will have to wait for the first thread, and there we have the deadlock. Thread one is waiting for thread two to initialize class Bar, thread two is waiting for thread one to initialize class Foo. All that is needed for a class loading deadlock is static cross dependencies between two classes (and a multi threaded environment): class Foo { static Bar b = new Bar(); } class Bar { static Foo f = new Foo(); } If two threads cause these classes to be loaded at exactly the same time, we will have a deadlock. So, how do you avoid this? Well, one way is of course to not have these circular (static) dependencies. On the other hand, it can be very hard to detect these, and sometimes your design may depend on it. What you can do in that case is to make sure that the classes are first loaded single threadedly, for example during an initialization phase of your application. The following program shows this kind of deadlock. To help bad luck on the way, I added a one second sleep in the static block of the classes to trigger the unlucky timing. Notice that if you uncomment the "//Foo f = new Foo();" line in the main method, the class will be loaded single threadedly, and the program will terminate as it should. public class ClassLoadingDeadlock { // Start two threads. The first will instansiate a Foo object, // the second one will instansiate a Bar object. public static void main(String[] arg) { // Uncomment next line to stop the deadlock // Foo f = new Foo(); new Thread(new FooUser()).start(); new Thread(new BarUser()).start(); } } class FooUser implements Runnable { public void run() { System.out.println("FooUser causing class Foo to be loaded"); Foo f = new Foo(); System.out.println("FooUser done"); } } class BarUser implements Runnable { public void run() { System.out.println("BarUser causing class Bar to be loaded"); Bar b = new Bar(); System.out.println("BarUser done"); } } class Foo { static { // We are deadlock prone even without this sleep... // The sleep just makes us more deterministic try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch(InterruptedException e) {} } static Bar b = new Bar(); } class Bar { static { try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch(InterruptedException e) {} } static Foo f = new Foo(); }

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  • should I extend or create instance of the class

    - by meWantToLearn
    I have two classes Class A and Class B in Class A, i have three methods that perform the save, delete and select operation based upon the object I pass them. in Class B I perform the logic operations, such as modification to the property of the object before being passed to the methods of Class A, My problem is in Class B, should it extend Class A, and call the methods of class A , by parent::methodName or create instance of class A and then call Class A does not includes any property just methods. class A{ public function save($obj){ //code here } public function delete($obj){ //code here } public function select($obj){ //code here } } //Should I extend class A, and call the method by parent::methodName($obj) or create an instance of class A, call the method $instanceOfA-methodName($obj); class B extends A{ public function checkIfHasSaved($obj){ if($obj->saved == 'Yes'){ parent::save($obj); //**should I call the method like this** $instanceOFA = new A(); //**or create instance of class A and call without extending class A** instanceOFA->save($obj); } //other logic operations here } }

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  • Changing multiple objects with a new class name using Jquery

    - by liquilife
    I'd like to click on a trigger and show a specific image. There are multiple triggers which would show a specific image related to it within a set. There are 4 sets The challenge for me is toggling the other images to hide only in this 'set' when one of these triggers are clicked, as there can only be one image showing at a time in each set. Here is the HTML I've put together thus far: <!-- Thumbnails which can be clicked on to toggle the larger preview image --> <div class="materials"> <a href="javascript:;" id="shirtgrey"><img src="/grey_shirt.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="shirtred"><img src="red_shirt.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="shirtblue"><img src="hblue_shirt.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="shirtgreen"><img src="green_shirt.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> </div> <div class="collars"> <a href="javascript:;" id="collargrey"><img src="grey_collar.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="collarred"><img src="red_collar.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="collarblue"><img src="blue_collar.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="collargreen"><img src="green_collar.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> </div> <div class="cuffs"> <a href="javascript:;" id="cuffgrey"><img src="grey_cuff.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="cuffred"><img src="red_cuff.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="cuffblue"><img src="blue_cuff.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="cuffgreen"><img src="/green_cuff.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> </div> <div class="pockets"> <a href="javascript:;" id="pocketgrey"><img src="grey_pocket.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="pocketred"><img src=".png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="pocketblue"><img src="blue_pocket.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> <a href="javascript:;" id="pocketgreen"><img src="green_pocket.png" height="122" width="122" /></a> </div> <!-- The larger images where one from each set should be viewable at one time, triggered by the thumb clicked above --> <div class="selectionimg"> <div class="selectShirt"> <img src="grey_shirt.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectShirtGrey show" /> <img src="red_shirt.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectShirtRed hide" /> <img src="blue_shirt.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectShirtBlue hide" /> <img src="green_shirt.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectShirtGreen hide" /> </div> <div class="selectCollar"> <img src="grey_collar.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCollarGrey show" /> <img src="red_collar.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCollarRed hide" /> <img src="blue_collar.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCollarBlue hide" /> <img src="green_collar.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCollarGreen hide" /> </div> <div class="selectCuff"> <img src="grey_cuff.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCuffGrey show" /> <img src="red_cuff.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCuffRed hide" /> <img src="blue_cuff.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCuffBlue hide" /> <img src="green_cuff.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectCuffGreen hide" /> </div> <div class="selectPocket"> <img src="grey_pocket.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectPocketGrey show" /> <img src="hred_pocket.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectPocketRed hide" /> <img src="blue_pocket.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectPocketBlue hide" /> <img src="green_pocket.png" height="250" width="250" class="selectPocketGreen hide" /> </div> </div> How can jQuery be used to change a class of an image to "show" and ensure that all other images in that same div are set to a class of "hide"? First time posting here. I'm very efficient with HTML and CSS and have a basic understanding of jQuery. I'm learning and this just seems a little bit beyond my abilities at the moment. I hope this all makes sense. Thanks for any help.

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  • Getting an object from a 2d array inside of a class

    - by user36324
    I am have a class file that contains two classes, platform and platforms. platform holds the single platform information, and platforms has an 2d array of platforms. Im trying to render all of them in a for loop but it is not working. If you could kindly help me i would greatly appreciate. void Platforms::setUp() { for(int x = 0; x < tilesW; x++){ for(int y = 0; y < tilesH; y++){ Platform tempPlat(x,y,true,renderer,filename,tileSize/scaleW,tileSize/scaleH); platArray[x][y] = tempPlat; } } } void Platforms::show() { for(int x = 0; x < tilesW; x++){ for(int y = 0; y < tilesH; y++){ platArray[x][y].show(renderer,scaleW,scaleH); } } }

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  • C# new class with only single property : derive from base or encapsulate into new ?

    - by Gobol
    I've tried to be descriptive :) It's rather programming-style problem than coding problem in itself. Let's suppose we have : A: public class MyDict { public Dictionary<int,string> dict; // do custom-serialization of "dict" public void SaveToFile(...); // customized deserialization of "dict" public void LoadFromFile(...); } B: public class MyDict : Dictionary<int,string> { } Which option would be better in the matter of programming style ? class B: is to be de/serialized externally. Main problem is : is it better to create new class (which would have only one property - like opt A:) or to create a new class derived - like opt B: ? I don't want any other data processing than adding/removing and de/serializing to stream. Thanks in advance!

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  • Static class vs Singleton class in C# [closed]

    - by Floradu88
    Possible Duplicate: What is the difference between all-static-methods and applying a singleton pattern? I need to make a decision for a project I'm working of whether to use static or singleton. After reading an article like this I am inclined to use singleton. What is better to use static class or singleton? Edit 1 : Client Server Desktop Application. Please provide code oriented solutions.

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  • polymorphism, inheritance in c# - base class calling overridden method?

    - by Andrew Johns
    This code doesn't work, but hopefully you'll get what I'm trying to achieve here. I've got a Money class, which I've taken from http://www.noticeablydifferent.com/CodeSamples/Money.aspx, and extended it a little to include currency conversion. The implementation for the actual conversion rate could be different in each project, so I decided to move the actual method for retrieving a conversion rate (GetCurrencyConversionRate) into a derived class, but the ConvertTo method contains code that would work for any implementation assuming the derived class has overriden GetCurrencyConversionRate so it made sense to me to keep it in the parent class? So what I'm trying to do is get an instance of SubMoney, and be able to call the .ConvertTo() method, which would in turn use the overriden GetCurrencyConversionRate, and return a new instance of SubMoney. The problem is, I'm not really understanding some concepts of polymorphism and inheritance yet, so not quite sure what I'm trying to do is even possible in the way I think it is, as what is currently happening is that I end up with an Exception where it has used the base GetCurrencyConversionRate method instead of the derived one. Something tells me I need to move the ConvertTo method down to the derived class, but this seems like I'll be duplicating code in multiple implementations, so surely there's a better way? public class Money { public CurrencyConversionRate { get { return GetCurrencyConversionRate(_regionInfo.ISOCurrencySymbol); } } public static decimal GetCurrencyConversionRate(string isoCurrencySymbol) { throw new Exception("Must override this method if you wish to use it."); } public Money ConvertTo(string cultureName) { // convert to base USD first by dividing current amount by it's exchange rate. Money someMoney = this; decimal conversionRate = this.CurrencyConversionRate; decimal convertedUSDAmount = Money.Divide(someMoney, conversionRate).Amount; // now convert to new currency CultureInfo cultureInfo = new CultureInfo(cultureName); RegionInfo regionInfo = new RegionInfo(cultureInfo.LCID); conversionRate = GetCurrencyConversionRate(regionInfo.ISOCurrencySymbol); decimal convertedAmount = convertedUSDAmount * conversionRate; Money convertedMoney = new Money(convertedAmount, cultureName); return convertedMoney; } } public class SubMoney { public SubMoney(decimal amount, string cultureName) : base(amount, cultureName) {} public static new decimal GetCurrencyConversionRate(string isoCurrencySymbol) { // This would get the conversion rate from some web or database source decimal result = new Decimal(2); return result; } }

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  • jQuery only firing last class in multiple-class click

    - by user1134644
    I have a set of links like so: <a href="#internalLink1" class="classA">This has Class A</a> <a href="#internalLink2" class="classB">This has Class B</a> <a href="#internalLink3" class="classA classB">This has Class A and Class B</a> And here's the corresponding jQuery: $('.classA').click(function(){ // do class A stuff }); $('.classB').click(function(){ // do class B stuff }); Currently, when I click on the first link with Class A, it does the Class A stuff like it's supposed to. Similarly, when I click on the second link with Class B, it does the Class B stuff like it's supposed to. No worries there. My issue is, when I click on the third link with BOTH classes, it only fires the function for whichever class comes last (in this case, class B. If I put class A at the end instead, it performs class A's function). I want it to fire both. What am I doing wrong? Thanks in advance. EDIT: To those posting fiddles, nearly all of them work, so as many have said, it's most likely not my code, but the way it displays in my file. For a little more clarification, I was teaching myself some jQuery and decided to try making a (very) simple "Choose Your Own Adventure" type game. Here's a jsfiddle containing the opening of my bare-bones-please-don't-laugh game. Click on "Hide in the bushes", then "Examine the victim", then "Take any valuables and leave, he's dead already" <-- THIS is where the issue is. It's supposed to add 98 gold ("hawks") to your inventory, AND tell you that your alignment has shifted 1 point towards Chaotic. At the moment, it only does the chaotic alert, and no gold gets added to your inventory. The other option (refresh the fiddle to restart) that adds money to your inventory, but DOES NOT make you chaotic, works just fine (if you select "Search him for identification" instead of "take the money and run") Sorry this is so long!

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  • Hints to properly design UML class diagram

    - by mic4ael
    Here is the problem. I have just started learning UML and that is why I would like to ask for a few cues from experienced users how I could improve my diagram because I do know it lacks a lot of details, it has mistakes for sure etc. Renovation company hires workers. Each employee has some kind of profession, which is required to work on a particular position. Workers work in groups consisting of at most 15 members - so called production units, which specializes in a specified kind of work. Each production unit is managed by a foreman. Every worker in order to be able to perform job tasks needs proper accessories. There are two kind of tools - light and heavy. To use heavy tools, a worker must have proper privileges. A worker can have at most 3 light tools taken from the warehouse.

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  • Isn't class scope purely for organization?

    - by Di-0xide
    Isn't scope just a way to organize classes, preventing outside code from accessing certain things you don't want accessed? More specifically, is there any functional gain to having public, protected, or private-scoped methods? Is there any advantage to classifying method/property scope rather than to, say, just public-ize everything? My presumption says no simply because, in binary code, there is no sense of scope (other than r/w/e, which isn't really scope at all, but rather global permissions for a block of memory). Is this correct? What about in languages like Java and C#[.NET]?

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  • What class structure allows for a base class and mix/match of subclasses? (Similar to Users w/ roles)

    - by cdeszaq
    I have a set of base characteristics, and then a number of sub-types. Each instance must be one of the sub-types, but can be multiple sub-types at once. The sub-types of each thing can change. In general, I don't care what subtype I have, but sometimes I do care. This is much like a Users-Roles sort of relationship where a User having a particular Role gives the user additional characteristics. Sort of like duck-typing (ie. If my Foo has a Bar, I can treat it like a ThingWithABar.) Straight inheritance doesn't work, since that doesn't allow mix/match of sub-types. (ie. no multi-inheritance). Straight composition doesn't work because I can't switch that up at runtime. How can I model this?

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  • I need to implement C# deep copy constructors with inheritance. What patterns are there to choose fr

    - by Tony Lambert
    I wish to implement a deepcopy of my classes hierarchy in C# public Class ParentObj : ICloneable { protected int myA; public virtual Object Clone () { ParentObj newObj = new ParentObj(); newObj.myA = theObj.MyA; return newObj; } } public Class ChildObj : ParentObj { protected int myB; public override Object Clone ( ) { Parent newObj = this.base.Clone(); newObj.myB = theObj.MyB; return newObj; } } This will not work as when Cloning the Child only a parent is new-ed. In my code some classes have large hierarchies. What is the recommended way of doing this? Cloning everything at each level without calling the base class seems wrong? There must be some neat solutions to this problem, what are they? Can I thank everyone for their answers. It was really interesting to see some of the approaches. I think it would be good if someone gave an example of a reflection answer for completeness. +1 awaiting!

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  • how can i select first second or third element with given class name using CSS?

    - by Tumharyyaaden
    ie. i have the following: <div class="myclass">my text1</div> some other code+containers... <div class="myclass">my text2</div> some other code+containers... <div class="myclass">my text3</div> some other code+containers... i have the css class div.myclass {doing things} that applies to all obviously but i also wanted to be able to select the first, second or third like this: div.myclass:first {color:#000;} div.myclass:second {color:#FFF;} div.myclass:third {color:#006;} almost like the jQuery index selection .eq( index ) which is what i am using currently but need a noscript alternative. Thanks in advance!

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