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  • Is this the correct way to implement .NET MVC website structure?

    - by aspdotnetuser
    I have recently seen a .NET MVC solution in which the markup in the .aspx views have a Controller as their model, and the .ascx user controls they contain use a separate model. I'm new to MVC and I wanted to find out about a few things I'm not clear on. An example of how the code is implemented: UserDetails.aspx view has markup that shows it's using the UserDetailsController.cs as the model. It contains RenderPartial("User_Details.ascx", UserDetailsModel) and passes it the UserDetailsModel. Is this the standard/correct way of implementing MVC? Or just one way to implement it? I also noticed that the classes used as Models appear to be Service classes that have [DataMember] and [DataContract] attributes on the class name and properties - what is the advantage of this implementation?

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  • Custom DataAnnotation attribute with datastore access in ASP.NET MVC 2

    - by mare
    I have my application designed with Repository pattern implemented and my code prepared for optional dependency injection in future, if we need to support another datastore. I want to create a custom validation attribute for my content objects. This attribute should perform some kind of datastore lookup. For instance, I need my content to have unique slugs. To check if a Slug already exist, I want to use custom DataAnnotation attribute in my Base content object (instead of manually checking if a slug exists each time in my controller's Insert actions). Attribute logic would do the validation. So far I have come up with this: public class UniqueSlugAttribute : ValidationAttribute { private readonly IContentRepository _repository; public UniqueSlugAttribute(ContentType contentType) { _repository = new XmlContentRepository(contentType); } public override bool IsValid(object value) { if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value.ToString())) { return false; } string slug = value.ToString(); if(_repository.IsUniqueSlug(slug)) return true; return false; } } part of my Base content class: ... [DataMember] public ContentType ContentType1 { get; set; } [DataMember] [Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof (Localize), ErrorMessageResourceName = "Validation_SlugIsBlank")] [UniqueSlug(ContentType1)] public string Slug { get { return _slug; } set { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)) _slug = Utility.RemoveIllegalCharacters(value); } } ... There's an error in line [UniqueSlug(ContentType1)] saying: "An attribute argument must be a constant expression, typeof expression or array creation expression of an attribute parameter type." Let me explain that I need to provide the ContentType1 parameter to the Constructor of UniqueSlug class because I use it in my data provider. It is actually the same error that appears if you try do to this on the built-in Required attribute: [Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof (Localize), ErrorMessageResourceName = Resources.Localize.SlugRequired] It does not allow us to set it to dynamic content. In the first case ContentType1 gets known at runtime, in the second case the Resources.Localize.SlugRequired also gets known at runtime (because the Culture settings are assigned at runtime). This is really annoying and makes so many things and implementation scenarios impossible. So, my first question is, how to get rid of this error? The second question I have, is whether you think that I should redesign my validation code in any way?

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  • How should I map multidimensional to jagged arrays?

    - by mafutrct
    I'd like to map Foo[,] to Foo[][] and back. There are simple solutions using loops, but isn't there something more elegant? In my specific case, this is required in this scenario: [DataContract] class A { // can't serialize this thingy private readonly Foo[,] _Foo; [DataMember] private Foo[][] SerializableFoo { get { // map here } set { // map here } } } I'm aware there are advanced solutions using IDataContractSurrogate but this seems to be overkill in my case.

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  • WCF streaming files

    - by Pinu
    I need to pass a memory stream to the WCF server , how do i need to add this data type in my data contract. I will eventually need to convert this to a memory stream and pass it on to my service layer. datacontact[DataMember] Stream str = null; public Stream File { get { return str; } set { str = value; } }

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  • DataContractSerializer and XSLT not Serializing Class Properties

    - by Russ Clark
    I've written a simple Employee class that I'm trying to serialize to an XDocument and then use XSLT to transform the document to a page that displays both the properties (Name and ID) from the Employee class, and an html form with 2 radio buttons (Approve and Reject) and a submit button. Here is the Employee class: [Serializable, DataContract(Namespace="XSLT_MVC.Controllers/")] public class Employee { [DataMember] public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember] public int ID { get; set; } public Employee() { } public Employee(string name, int id) { Name = name; ID = id; } public XDocument GetDoc() { XDocument doc = new XDocument(); var serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Employee)); using (var writer = doc.CreateWriter()) { serializer.WriteObject(writer, this); writer.Close(); } return doc; } } And here is the XSLT file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" > <xsl:output method="html" indent="yes"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <xsl:value-of select="Employee/Name"/> <br /> <xsl:value-of select="Employee/ID"/> <br /> <form method="post" action="/Home/ProcessRequest?id={Employee/ID}"> <input id="Action" name="Action" type="radio" value="Approved"></input> Approved <br /> <input id="Action" name="Action" type="radio" value="Rejected"></input> Rejected <br /> <input type="submit" value="Submit"></input> </form> </body> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> When I run this, all I get is the html form with the 2 radio buttons and the submit button, but not the properties from the Employee class. I saw a separate StackOverflow post that said I need to change the <xsl:template match="/"> to match on the namespace of my Employee class like this: <xsl:template match="/XSLT_MVC.Controllers"> but when I do that, now all I get are the Employee properties, and not the html form with the 2 radio buttons and the submit button. Does anyone know what needs to be done so that my transform will select and display both the Employee properties and the html form?

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  • "Wrapping" a BindingList<T> propertry with a List<T> property for serialization.

    - by Eric
    I'm writing an app that allows users search and browse catalogs of widgets. My WidgetCatalog class is serialized and deserialized to and from XML files using DataContractSerializer. My app is working now but I think I can make the code a lot more efficient if I started taking advantage of data binding rather then doing everything manually. Here's a stripped down version of my current WidgetCatalog class. [DataContract(Name = "WidgetCatalog")] class WidgetCatalog { [DataContract(Name = "Name")] public string Name { get; set; } [DataContract(Name = "Widgets")] public List<Widget> Widgets { get; set; } } I had to write a lot of extra code to keep my UI in sync when widgets are added or removed from a catalog, or their internal properties change. I'm pretty inexperienced with data-binding, but I think I want a BindingList<Widget> rather than a plain old List<Widget>. Is this right? In the past when I had similar needs I found that BindingList<T> does not serialize very well. Or at least the Event Handers between the items and the list are not serialized. I was using XmlSerializer though, and DataContractSerializer may work better. So I'm thinking of doing something like the code below. [DataContract(Name = "WidgetCatalog")] class WidgetCatalog { [DataMember(Name = "Name")] public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember(Name = "Widgets")] private List<Widget> WidgetSerializationList { get { return this._widgetBindingList.ToList<Widget>(); } set { this._widgetBindingList = new BindingList<Widget>(value); } } //these do not get serialized private BindingList<Widget> _widgetBindingList; public BindingList<Widget> WidgetBindingList { get { return this._widgetBindingList; } } public WidgetCatalog() { this.WidgetSerializationList = new List<Widget>(); } } So I'm serializing a private List<Widget> property, but the GET and SET accessors of the property are reading from, and writing to theBindingList<Widget> property. Will this even work? It seems like there should be a better way to do this.

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  • How to use DataContractSerializer to create xml with tag names that match my known types

    - by mezoid
    I have the following data contract: [CollectionDataContract(Name="MyStuff")] public class MyStuff : Collection<object> {} [DataContract(Name = "Type1")] [KnownType(typeof(Type1))] public class Type1 { [DataMember(Name = "memberId")] public int Id { get; set; } } [DataContract(Name = "Type2")] [KnownType(typeof(Type2))] public class Type2 { [DataMember(Name = "memberId")] public int Id { get; set; } } Which I serialize to xml as follows: MyStuff pm = new MyStuff(); Type1 t1 = new Type1 { Id = 111 }; Type2 t2 = new Type2 { Id = 222 }; pm.Add(t1); pm.Add(t2); string xml; StringBuilder serialXML = new StringBuilder(); DataContractSerializer dcSerializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(MyStuff)); using (XmlWriter xWriter = XmlWriter.Create(serialXML)) { dcSerializer.WriteObject(xWriter, pm); xWriter.Flush(); xml = serialXML.ToString(); } The resultant xml string looks like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?> <MyStuff xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/"> <anyType i:type="Type1"> <memberId>111</memberId> </anyType> <anyType i:type="Type2"> <memberId>222</memberId> </anyType> </MyStuff> Does anyone know how I can get it to instead use the name of my known types rather than anyType in the xml tag? I'm wanting it to look like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?> <MyStuff xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/"> <Type1> <memberId>111</memberId> </Type1> <Type2> <memberId>222</memberId> </Type2> </MyStuff>

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  • Binding Source suspends itself when I don't want it to.

    - by Scott Chamberlain
    I have two data tables set up in a Master-Details configuration with a relation "Ticket_CallSegments" between them. I also have two Binding Sources and a Data Grid View configured like this (Init Code) // // dgvTickets // this.dgvTickets.AllowUserToAddRows = false; this.dgvTickets.AllowUserToDeleteRows = false; this.dgvTickets.AllowUserToResizeRows = false; this.dgvTickets.AutoGenerateColumns = false; this.dgvTickets.ColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode = System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode.AutoSize; this.dgvTickets.Columns.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewColumn[] { this.cREATEDATEDataGridViewTextBoxColumn, this.contactFullNameDataGridViewTextBoxColumn, this.pARTIALNOTEDataGridViewTextBoxColumn}); this.dgvTickets.DataSource = this.ticketsDataSetBindingSource; this.dgvTickets.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill; this.dgvTickets.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0); this.dgvTickets.MultiSelect = false; this.dgvTickets.Name = "dgvTickets"; this.dgvTickets.ReadOnly = true; this.dgvTickets.RowHeadersVisible = false; this.dgvTickets.SelectionMode = System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewSelectionMode.FullRowSelect; this.dgvTickets.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(359, 600); this.dgvTickets.TabIndex = 0; // // ticketsDataSetBindingSource // this.ticketsDataSetBindingSource.DataMember = "Ticket"; this.ticketsDataSetBindingSource.DataSource = this.ticketsDataSet; this.ticketsDataSetBindingSource.CurrentChanged += new System.EventHandler(this.ticketsDataSetBindingSource_CurrentChanged); // // callSegementBindingSource // this.callSegementBindingSource.DataMember = "Ticket_CallSegments"; this.callSegementBindingSource.DataSource = this.ticketsDataSetBindingSource; this.callSegementBindingSource.Sort = "CreateDate"; //Function to update a rich text box. private void ticketsDataSetBindingSource_CurrentChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); rtbTickets.Clear(); foreach (DataRowView drv in callSegementBindingSource) { TicketsDataSet.CallSegmentsRow row = (TicketsDataSet.CallSegmentsRow)drv.Row; sb.AppendLine("**********************************"); sb.AppendLine(String.Format("CreateDate: {1}, Created by: {0}", row.USERNAME, row.CREATEDATE)); sb.AppendLine("**********************************"); rtbTickets.SelectionFont = new Font("Arial", (float)11, FontStyle.Bold); rtbTickets.SelectedText = sb.ToString(); rtbTickets.SelectionFont = new Font("Arial", (float)11, FontStyle.Regular); rtbTickets.SelectedText = row.NOTES + "\n\n"; } } However when ticketsDataSetBindingSource_CurrentChanged gets called when I select a new row in my Data Grid View callSegementBindingSource.IsBindingSuspended is set to true and my text box does not update correctly (it seems to always pull from the same row in CallSegments). Can anyone see what I am doing wrong or tell me how to unsuspend the binding so it will pull the correct data?

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  • Error Serializing a CLR object for use in a WCF service

    - by user208662
    Hello, I have written a custom exception object. The reason for this is I want to track additional information when an error occurs. My CLR object is defined as follows: public class MyException : Exception { public override string StackTrace { get { return base.StackTrace; } } private readonly string stackTrace; public override string Message { get { return base.Message; } } private readonly string message; public string Element { get { return element; } } private readonly string element; public string ErrorType { get { return errorType; } } private readonly string errorType; public string Misc { get { return misc; } } private readonly string misc; #endregion Properties #region Constructors public MyException() {} public MyException(string message) : base(message) { } public MyException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { } public MyException(string message, string stackTrace) : base() { this.message = message; this.stackTrace = stackTrace; } public MyException(string message, string stackTrace, string element, string errorType, string misc) : base() { this.message = message; this.stackTrace = stackTrace; this.element = element; this.errorType = errorType; this.misc = misc; } protected MyException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { element = info.GetString("element"); errorType = info.GetString("errorType"); misc = info.GetString("misc"); } public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { base.GetObjectData(info, context); info.AddValue("element", element); info.AddValue("errorType", errorType); info.AddValue("misc", misc); } } I have created a copy of this custom xception in a WP7 application. The only difference is, I do not have the GetObjectData method defined or the constructor with SerializationInfo defined. If I run the application as is, I receive an error that says: Type 'My.MyException' cannot be serialized. Consider marking it with the DataContractAttribute attribute, and marking all of its members you want serialized with the DataMemberAttribute attribute. If the type is a collection, consider marking it with the CollectionDataContractAttribute. If I add the DataContract / DataMember attributes to the class and its appropriate members on the server-side, I receive an error that says: Type cannot be ISerializable and have DataContractAttribute attribute. How do I serialize MyException so that I can pass an instance of it to my WCF service. Please note, I want to use my service from an Android app. Because of this, I don't want to do anything too Microsoft centric. That was my fear with DataContract / DataMember stuff. Thank you so much for your help!

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  • DataContractSerializer and XSLT

    - by Russ Clark
    I've got a simple Employee class that I'm trying to serialize to an XDocument and then use XSLT to transform the document to a page that displays both the properties (Name and ID) from the Employee class, and an html form with 2 radio buttons (Approve and Reject) and a submit button. Here is the Employee class: [Serializable, DataContract(Namespace="XSLT_MVC.Controllers/")] public class Employee { [DataMember] public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember] public int ID { get; set; } public Employee() { } public Employee(string name, int id) { Name = name; ID = id; } public XDocument GetDoc() { XDocument doc = new XDocument(); var serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Employee)); using (var writer = doc.CreateWriter()) { serializer.WriteObject(writer, this); writer.Close(); } return doc; } } And here is the XSLT file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" > <xsl:output method="html" indent="yes"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <xsl:value-of select="Employee/Name"/> <br /> <xsl:value-of select="Employee/ID"/> <br /> <form method="post" action="/Home/ProcessRequest?id={Employee/ID}"> <input id="Action" name="Action" type="radio" value="Approved"></input> Approved <br /> <input id="Action" name="Action" type="radio" value="Rejected"></input> Rejected <br /> <input type="submit" value="Submit"></input> </form> </body> </html> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> When I run this, all I get is the html form with the 2 radio buttons and the submit button, but not the properties from the Employee class. I saw a separate StackOverflow post that said I need to change the <xsl:template match="/"> to match on the namespace of my Employee class like this: <xsl:template match="/XSLT_MVC.Controllers">, but when I do that, now all I get are the Employee properties, and not the html form with the 2 radio buttons and the submit button. Does anyone know what needs to be done so that my transform will select and display both the Employee properties and the html form?

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  • DataContractSerializer: preserve string member that happens to be raw xml?

    - by bwerks
    I'm a little inexperienced with the DataContract paradigm, and I'm running into a deserialization problem. I have a field that's a string, but it contains xml and it's not being deserialized correctly. I have a feeling that it's because the DCS is treating it as input to the serializer and not as an opaque string object. Is there some way to mark a DataMember in code to say "This thing is a string, don't treat its contents as xml" similar to XmlIgnore? Thanks!

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  • Simple way of converting server side objects into client side using JSON serialization for asp.net websites

    - by anil.kasalanati
     Introduction:- With the growth of Web2.0 and the need for faster user experience the spotlight has shifted onto javascript based applications built using REST pattern or asp.net AJAX Pagerequest manager. And when we are working with javascript wouldn’t it be much better if we could create objects in an OOAD way and easily push it to the client side.  Following are the reasons why you would push the server side objects onto client side -          Easy availability of the complex object. -          Use C# compiler and rick intellisense to create and maintain the objects but use them in the javascript. You could run code analysis etc. -          Reduce the number of calls we make to the server side by loading data on the pageload.   I would like to explain about the 3rd point because that proved to be highly beneficial to me when I was fixing the performance issues of a major website. There could be a scenario where in you be making multiple AJAX based webrequestmanager calls in order to get the same response in a single page. This happens in the case of widget based framework when all the widgets are independent but they need some common information available in the framework to load the data. So instead of making n multiple calls we could load the data needed during pageload. The above picture shows the scenario where in all the widgets need the common information and then call GetData webservice on the server side. Ofcourse the result can be cached on the client side but a better solution would be to avoid the call completely.  In order to do that we need to JSONSerialize the content and send it in the DOM.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Example:- I have developed a simple application to demonstrate the idea and I would explaining that in detail here. The class called SimpleClass would be sent as serialized JSON to the client side .   And this inherits from the base class which has the implementation for the GetJSONString method. You can create a single base class and all the object which need to be pushed to the client side can inherit from that class. The important thing to note is that the class should be annotated with DataContract attribute and the methods should have the Data Member attribute. This is needed by the .Net DataContractSerializer and this follows the opt-in mode so if you want to send an attribute to the client side then you need to annotate the DataMember attribute. So if I didn’t want to send the Result I would simple remove the DataMember attribute. This is default WCF/.Net 3.5 stuff but it provides the flexibility of have a fullfledged object on the server side but sending a smaller object to the client side. Sometimes you may hide some values due to security constraints. And thing you will notice is that I have marked the class as Serializable so that it can be stored in the Session and used in webfarm deployment scenarios. Following is the implementation of the base class –  This implements the default DataContractJsonSerializer and for more information or customization refer to following blogs – http://softcero.blogspot.com/2010/03/optimizing-net-json-serializing-and-ii.html http://weblogs.asp.net/gunnarpeipman/archive/2010/12/28/asp-net-serializing-and-deserializing-json-objects.aspx The next part is pretty simple, I just need to inject this object into the aspx page.   And in the aspx markup I have the following line – <script type="text/javascript"> var data =(<%=SimpleClassJSON  %>);   alert(data.ResultText); </script>   This will output the content as JSON into the variable data and this can be any element in the DOM. And you can verify the element by checking data in the Firebug console.    Design Consideration – If you have a lot of javascripts then you need to think about using Script # and you can write javascript in C#. Refer to Nikhil’s blog – http://projects.nikhilk.net/ScriptSharp Ensure that you are taking security into consideration while exposing server side objects on to client side. I have seen application exposing passwords, secret key so it is not a good practice.   The application can be tested using the following url – http://techconsulting.vpscustomer.com/Samples/JsonTest.aspx The source code is available at http://techconsulting.vpscustomer.com/Source/HistoryTest.zip

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  • protobuf-net: incorrect wire-type exception deserializing Guid properties

    - by Paul Smith
    I'm having issues deserializing certain Guid properties of ORM-generated entities using protobuf-net. Here's a simplified example of the code (reproduces most elements of the scenario, but doesn't reproduce the behavior; I can't expose our internal entities, so I'm looking for clues to account for the exception). Say I have a class, Account with an AccountID read-only guid, and an AccountName read-write string. I serialize & immediately deserialize a clone. Deserializing throws an Incorrect wire-type deserializing Guid exception while deserializing. Here's example usage... Account acct = new Account() { AccountName = "Bob's Checking" }; Debug.WriteLine(acct.AccountID.ToString()); using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { ProtoBuf.Serializer.Serialize<Account>(ms, acct); Debug.WriteLine(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.GetBuffer())); ms.Position = 0; Account clone = ProtoBuf.Serializer.Deserialize<Account>(ms); Debug.WriteLine(clone.AccountID.ToString()); } And here's an example ORM'd class (simplified, but demonstrates the relevant semantics I can think of). Uses a shell game to deserialize read-only properties by exposing the backing field ("can't write" essentially becomes "shouldn't write," but we can scan code for instances of assigning to these fields, so the hack works for our purposes). Again, this does not reproduce the exception behavior; I'm looking for clues as to what could: [DataContract()] [Serializable()] public partial class Account { public Account() { _accountID = Guid.NewGuid(); } [XmlAttribute("AccountID")] [DataMember(Name = "AccountID", Order = 1)] public Guid _accountID; /// <summary> /// A read-only property; XML, JSON and DataContract serializers all seem /// to correctly recognize the public backing field when deserializing: /// </summary> [IgnoreDataMember] [XmlIgnore] public Guid AccountID { get { return this._accountID; } } [IgnoreDataMember] protected string _accountName; [DataMember(Name = "AccountName", Order = 2)] [XmlAttribute] public string AccountName { get { return this._accountName; } set { this._accountName = value; } } } XML, JSON and DataContract serializers all seem to serialize / deserialize these object graphs just fine, so the attribute arrangement basically works. I've tried protobuf-net with lists vs. single instances, different prefix styles, etc., but still always get the 'incorrect wire-type ... Guid' exception when deserializing. So the specific questions is, is there any known explanation / workaround for this? I'm at a loss trying to trace what circumstances (in the real code but not the example) could be causing it. We hope not to have to create a protobuf dependency directly in the entity layer; if that's the case, we'll probably create proxy DTO entities with all public properties having protobuf attributes. (This is a subjective issue I have with all declarative serialization models; it's a ubiquitous pattern & I understand why it arose, but IMO, if we can put a man on the moon, then "normal" should be to have objects and serialization contracts decoupled. ;-) ) Thanks!

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  • Building services with .Net Part 1

    - by Allan Rwakatungu
    On the 26th of May 2010 , I made a presentation to the .NET user group meeting (thanks to Malisa Ncube for organizing this event every month … ). If you missed my presentation , we talked about why we should all be building services … better still using the .NET framework. This blog post is an introduction to services , why you would want to build services and how you can build services using the .NET framework. What is a service? OASIS defines service as "a mechanism to enable access to one or more capabilities, where the access is provided using a prescribed interface and is exercised consistent with constraints and policies as specified by the service description." [1]. If the above definition sounds to academic , you can also define a service as loosely coupled units of functionality that have no calls to each other embedded in the. Instead of services embedding calls to each other in their service code they use defined protocols that describe how services pass and parse messages. This is a good way to think about services if you’re from an objected oriented background. While in object oriented programming functions make calls to each other, in service oriented programming, functions pass messages between each other. Why would you want to use services? 1. If your enterprise architecture looks like this   Services are the building blocks for SOA . With SOA you can move away from the sphaggetti infrastructure that is common in most enterprises. The complexity or lack of visibility of the integration points in your enterprises makes it difficult and costly to implement new initiatives and changes into the business - and even impossible in some cases - as it is not possible to identify the impact a change in one system might have to other systems. With services you can move to an architecture like this Your building blocks from Spaghetti infrastructure to something that is more well-defined and manageable to achieve cost efficiency and not least business agility - enabling you to react to changes in the market with speed and achieve operational efficiency and control are services. 2. If you want to become the Gates or Zuckerburger. Have you heard about Web 2.0 ? Mashups? Software as a service (SAAS) ? Cloud computing ?   They all offer you the opportunity to have scalable but low cost business models and they built using services.  Some of my favorite companies that leverage services for their business models include  https://www.salesforce.com/ (cloud CRM) http://www. twitter.com (more people use twitter clients built by 3rd parties than their official clients) http://www.kayak.com/ (compares data from other travel sites to give information to users in one location) Services with the .NET framework      If you are a .NET developer and you want to develop services, Windows Communication Framework (WCF) is the tool for you. WCF is Microsoft’s unified programming model (service model) for building service oriented applications. ( Before .NET 3.0 you had several models for programming services in .NET including .NET remoting, Web services (ASMX), COM +, Microsoft Messaging queuing (MSMQ) etc, after .NET 3.0 the programming model was unified into one i.e. WCF ). Windows Communication Framework (WCF) provides you 1. An Software Development Kit (SDK) for creating SOA applications 2. A runtime for running services on the Windows platform Why should you use Windows Communication Foundation if you’re programming services?   1. It supports interoperable and open standards e.g. WS* protocols for programming SOAP services 2. It has a unified programming model. Whether you use TCP or Http or Pipes or transmitting using Messaging Queues, programmers need to learn just one way to program. Previously you had .NET remoting, MSMQ, Web services, COM+ and they were all done differently 3. Productive programming model You don’t have to worry about all the plumbing involved to write services. You have a rich declarative programming model to add stuff like logging, transactions, and reliable messages in-built in the Windows Communication Framework. Understanding services in WCF The basic principles of WCF are as easy as ABC A – Address This is where the service is located B- Binding This describes how you communicate with the service e.g. Use TCP, HTTP or both. How to exchange security information with the service etc. C – Contract This defines what the service can do. E.g. Pay water bill, Make a phone call A - Addresses In WCF, an address is a combination of transport, server name, port and path Example addresses may include http://localhost:8001 net.tcp://localhost:8002/MyService net.pipe://localhost/MyPipe net.msmq://localhost/private/MyService net.msmq://localhost/MyService B- Binding   There are numerous ways to communicate with services , different ways that a message can be formatted/sent/secured, that allows you to tailor your service for the compatibility/performance you require for your solution. Transport You can use HTTP TCP MSMQ , Named pipes, Your own custom transport etc Message You  can send a plain text binary, Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism (MTOM) message Communication security No security Transport security Message security Authenticating and authorizing callers etc Behaviour You service can support Transactions Be reliable Use queues Support ajax etc C - Contract You define what your service can do using Service contracts :- Define operations that your service can do, communications and behaviours Data contracts :- Define the messages that are passed from and into your service and how they are formatted Fault contracts :- Defines errors types in your service   As an example, suppose your service service shows money. You define your service contract using a interface [ServiceContract] public interface IShowMeTheMoney {   [OperationContract]    Money Show(); } You define the data contract by annotating a class it with the Data Contract attribute and fields you want to pass in the message as Data Members. (Note:- In the latest versions of WCF you dont have to use attributes if you passing all the objects properties in the message) [DataContract] public Money {   [DataMember]   public string Currency { get; set; }   [DataMember]   public Decimal Amount { get; set; }   public string Comment { get; set; } } Features of Windows Communication Foundation Windows Communication Foundation is not only simple but feature rich , offering you several options to tweak your service to fit your business requirements. Some of the features of WCF include 1. Workflow services You can combine WCF with Windows WorkFlow Foundation (WWF) to write workflow type services 2. Control how your data (messages) are transferred and serialized e.g. you can serialize your business objects as XML or binary 3. control over session management , instance creation and concurrency management without writing code if you like 4. Queues and reliable sessions. You can store messages from the sending client and later forward them to the receiving application. You can also guarantee that messages will arrive at their destincation. 5.Transactions:  You can have different services participate in a transaction operations that can be rolled back if needed 6. Security. WCF has rich features for authorization and authentication  as well as keep audit trails 7. Web programming model. WCF allows developers to expose services as non SOAP endpoints 8. Inbuilt features that you can use to write JSON and services that support AJAX applications And lots more In my next blog I will show you how you can use WCF features to write a real world business service.               Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 ]] /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

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  • How do I manage the technical debate over WCF vs. Web API?

    - by Saeed Neamati
    I'm managing a team of like 15 developers now, and we are stuck at a point on choosing the technology, where the team is broken into two completely opposite teams, debating over usage of WCF vs. Web API. Team A which supports usage of Web API, brings forward these reasons: Web API is just the modern way of writing services (Wikipedia) WCF is an overhead for HTTP. It's a solution for TCP, and Net Pipes, and other protocols WCF models are not POCO, because of [DataContract] & [DataMember] and those attributes SOAP is not as readable and handy as JSON SOAP is an overhead for network compared to JSON (transport over HTTP) No method overloading Team B which supports the usage of WCF, says: WCF supports multiple protocols (via configuration) WCF supports distributed transactions Many good examples and success stories exist for WCF (while Web API is still young) Duplex is excellent for two-way communication This debate is continuing, and I don't know what to do now. Personally, I think that we should use a tool only for its right place of usage. In other words, we'd better use Web API, if we want to expose a service over HTTP, but use WCF when it comes to TCP and Duplex. By searching the Internet, we can't get to a solid result. Many posts exist for supporting WCF, but on the contrary we also find people complaint about it. I know that the nature of this question might sound arguable, but we need some good hints to decide. We're stuck at a point where choosing a technology by chance might make us regret it later. We want to choose with open eyes. Our usage would be mostly for web, and we would expose our services over HTTP. In some cases (say 5 to 10 percent) we might need distributed transactions though. What should I do now? How do I manage this debate in a constructive way?

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  • Object hierarchy returned by WCF Service is different than expected

    - by robalot
    Good Day Everyone... My understanding may be wrong, but I thought once you applied the correct attributes the DataContractSerializer would render fully-qualified instances back to the caller. The code runs and the objects return. But oddly enough, once I look at the returned objects I noticed the namespacing disappeared and the object-hierarchy being exposed through the (web applications) service reference seems to become "flat" (somehow). Now, I expect this from a web-service…but not through WFC. Of course, my understanding of what WFC can do may be wrong. ...please keep in mind I'm still experimenting with all this. So my questions are… Q: Can I do something within the WFC Service to force the namespacing to render through the (service reference) data client proxy? Q: Or perhaps, am I (merely) consuming the service incorrectly? Q: Is this even possible? The service code looks like… [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerSession)] public class DataService : IFishData { public C1FE GetC1FE(Int32 key) { //… more stuff here … } public Project GetProject(Int32 key) { //… more stuff here … } } [ServiceContract] [ServiceKnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.C1FE.New))] [ServiceKnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.Project.New))] public interface IFishData { [OperationContract] C1FE GetC1FE(Int32 key); [OperationContract] Project GetProject(Int32 key); } [DataContract] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class Project { [DataMember] public wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState ObjectState { get; set; } //… more stuff here … } [DataContract] KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class C1FE { [DataMember] public wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState ObjectState { get; set; } //… more stuff here … } [DataContract(Namespace = "wcfFISH.StateManagement")] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.C1FE.New))] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.Project.New))] public abstract class ObjectState { //… more stuff here … } [DataContract(Namespace = "wcfFISH.StateManagement.C1FE", Name="New")] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class New : ObjectState { //… more stuff here … } [DataContract(Namespace = "wcfFISH.StateManagement.Project", Name = "New")] [KnownType(typeof(wcfFISH.StateManagement.ObjectState))] public class New : ObjectState { //… more stuff here … } The web application code looks like… public partial class Fish_Invite : BaseForm { protected void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Project project = new Project(); project.Get(base.ProjectKey, base.AsOf); mappers.Project mapProject = new mappers.Project(); srFish.Project fishProject = new srFish.Project(); srFish.FishDataClient fishService = new srFish.FishDataClient(); mapProject.MapTo(project, fishProject); fishProject = fishService.AddProject(fishProject, IUser.UserName); project = null; } } In case I’m not being clear… The issue arises as there is a difference in (the name spacing) that I expect to see (returned) is different from what is actually returned. fishProject.ObjectState should look like... srFish.StateManagement.Project.New fishC1FE.ObjectState should look like... srFish.StateManagement.C1FE.New fishProject.ObjectState looks like... srFish.New1 fishC1FE.ObjectState looks like... srFish.New …“Help me Obi-Wan Kenobi, you’re my only hope!”

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  • Why does DataContractJsonSerializer not include generic like JavaScriptSerializer?

    - by Patrick Magee
    So the JavaScriptSerializer was deprecated in favor of the DataContractJsonSerializer. var client = new WebClient(); var json = await client.DownloadStringTaskAsync(url); // http://example.com/api/people/1 // Deprecated, but clean looking and generally fits in nicely with // other code in my app domain that makes use of generics var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer(); Person p = serializer.Deserialize<Person>(json); // Now have to make use of ugly typeof to get the Type when I // already know the Type at compile type. Why no Generic type T? var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Person)); Person p = serializer.ReadObject(json) as Person; The JavaScriptSerializer is nice and allows you to deserialize using a type of T generic in the function name. Understandably, it's been deprecated for good reason, with the DataContractJsonSerializer, you can decorate your Type to be deserialized with various things so it isn't so brittle like the JavaScriptSerializer, for example [DataMember(name = "personName")] public string Name { get; set; } Is there a particular reason why they decided to only allow users to pass in the Type? Type type = typeof(Person); var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(type); Person p = serializer.ReadObject(json) as Person; Why not this? var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(); Person p = serializer.ReadObject<Person>(json); They can still use reflection with the DataContract decorated attributes based on the T that I've specified on the .ReadObject<T>(json)

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  • "The creator of this fault did not specify a Reason" Exception

    - by Michael Kniskern
    I have the following code in WCF service to throw a custom fault based on certain situations. I am getting a "The creator of this fault did not specify a Reason" exception. What am I doing wrong? //source code if(!DidNotPass) { InvalidRoutingCodeFault fault = new InvalidRoutingCodeFault("Invalid Routing Code - No Approval Started"); throw new FaultException<InvalidRoutingCodeFault>(fault); } //operation contract [OperationContract] [FaultContract(typeof(InvalidRoutingCodeFault))] bool MyMethod(); //data contract [DataContract(Namespace="http://myuri.org/Simple")] public class InvalidRoutingCodeFault { private string m_ErrorMessage = string.Empty; public InvalidRoutingCodeFault(string message) { this.m_ErrorMessage = message; } [DataMember] public string ErrorMessage { get { return this.m_ErrorMessage; } set { this.m_ErrorMessage = value; } } }

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  • Reuse classes and objects for both WCF and non-WCF

    - by joebeazelman
    I have several classes such as Order, Customer, etc. These classes serve for holding data and nothing more. I want to be able to reuse these classes in other projects in the future, but for some reason I don't quite understand, WCF forces me to decorate the data members with the [DataMember] attribute, forcing me to reference WCF plumbing that I will never use in other projects. I would imagine that WCF lets you take any serializable class and use it as a content type. Am I understanding this correctly?

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  • Deserialization of JSON object by using DataContractJsonSerializer in C#

    - by user2539667
    enter code hereI'm sure this question has been asked over and over again, but for some reason, I still can't manage to get this to work. I want to deserialize a JSON object that contains a single member; a string array: [{"idTercero":"cod_Tercero"}] This is the class that I'm trying to deserialize into: [DataContract] public class rptaOk { [DataMember] public string idTercero { get; set; } public rptaOk() { } public rptaOk(string idTercero) { this.idTercero = idTercero; } } This is the method that I try to deserialize: public T Deserialise<T>(string json) { DataContractJsonSerializer deserializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)); using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(json))) { T result = (T)deserializer.ReadObject(stream); return result; } } And so try to fill the object: rptaOk deserializedRpta = deserializarOk(rpta); But for some reason, this returns "" MessageBox.Show(deserializedRpta.idTercero);

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  • Passing to service custom class instance in WCF

    - by hgulyan
    Hi, I have my custom class Customer with its properties. I added DataContract mark above the class and DataMember to properties and it was working fine, but I'm calling a service class's function, passing customer instance as parameter and some of my properties get 0 values. While debugging I can see my properties values and after it gets to the function, some properties' values are 0. Why it can be so? There's no code between this two actions. DataContract mark workes fine, everything's ok. Any suggestions on this issue? I tried to change ByRef to ByVal, but it doesn't change anything. Why it would pass other values right and some of integer types just 0? Maybe the answer is simple, but I can't figure it out. Thank You. _ Public Class Customer Private Type_of_clientField As Integer = -1 _ Public Property type_of_client() As Integer Get Return Type_of_clientField End Get Set(ByVal value As Integer) Type_of_clientField = value End Set End Property End Class _ _

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  • ASP.Net GridView GridViewDeleteEventArgs.Keys empty

    - by the berserker
    I have following Gridview: <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" CssClass="table" DataKeyNames="groupId" DataSource="<%# dsUserGroupsSelected %>" DataMember="Group" etc....> and after firing RowDeleting event handler: protected void GridView1_RowDeleting(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e) e.Keys is empty. Moreover, in runtime if I check dsUserGroupsSelected.Group.PrimaryKey it is poulated with: {System.Data.DataColumn[1]} [0]: {groupId} so it's really odd to me. Am I missing something? I have this kind of a workaround: int groupId = (int)GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value; which will work just fine, but I just can't get it why e.Keys (and e.Values) would be empty!? Any ideas?

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