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  • Unable to access intel fake RAID 1 array in Fedora 14 after reboot

    - by Sim
    Hello everyone, 1st I am relatively new to linux (but not to *nix). I have 4 disks assembled in the following intel ahci bios fake raid arrays: 2x320GB RAID1 - used for operating systems md126 2x1TB RAID1 - used for data md125 I have used the raid of size 320GB to install my operating system and the second raid I didn't even select during the installation of Fedora 14. After successful partitioning and installation of Fedora, I tried to make the second array available, it was possible to make it visible in linux with mdadm --assembe --scan , after that I created one maximum size partition and 1 maximum size ext4 filesystem in it. Mounted, and used it. After restart - a few I/O errors during boot regarding md125 + inability to mount the filesystem on it and dropped into repair shell. I commented the filesystem in fstab and it booted. To my surprise, the array was marked as "auto read only": [root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md125 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdc[1] sdd[0] 976759808 blocks super external:/md127/0 [2/2] [UU] md127 : inactive sdc[1](S) sdd[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm md126 : active raid1 sda[1] sdb[0] 312566784 blocks super external:/md1/0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : inactive sdb[1](S) sda[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm unused devices: <none> [root@localhost ~]# and the partition in it was not available as device special file in /dev: [root@localhost ~]# ls -l /dev/md125* brw-rw---- 1 root disk 9, 125 Jan 6 15:50 /dev/md125 [root@localhost ~]# But the partition is there according to fdisk: [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/md125 Disk /dev/md125: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 19 heads, 10 sectors/track, 10281682 cylinders, total 1953519616 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x1b238ea9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/md125p1 2048 1953519615 976758784 83 Linux [root@localhost ~]# I tried to "activate" the array in different ways (I'm not experienced with mdadm and the man page is gigantic so I was only browsing it looking for my answer) but it was impossible - the array would still stay in "auto read only" and the device special file for the partition it will not be in /dev. It was only after I recreated the partition via fdisk that it reappeared in /dev... until next reboot. So, my question is - How do I make the array automatically available after reboot? Here is some additional information: 1st I am able to see the UUID of the array in blkid: [root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sdc: UUID="b9a1149f-ae11-4fc8-a600-0d77354dc42a" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/sdd: UUID="b9a1149f-ae11-4fc8-a600-0d77354dc42a" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/md126p1: UUID="60C8D9A7C8D97C2A" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/md126p2: UUID="3d1b38a3-b469-4b7c-b016-8abfb26a5d7d" TYPE="ext4" /dev/md126p3: UUID="1Msqqr-AAF8-k0wi-VYnq-uWJU-y0OD-uIFBHL" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/mapper/vg00-rootlv: LABEL="_Fedora-14-x86_6" UUID="34cc1cf5-6845-4489-8303-7a90c7663f0a" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg00-swaplv: UUID="4644d857-e13b-456c-ac03-6f26299c1046" TYPE="swap" /dev/mapper/vg00-homelv: UUID="82bd58b2-edab-4b4b-aec4-b79595ecd0e3" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg00-varlv: UUID="1b001444-5fdd-41b6-a59a-9712ec6def33" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/vg00-tmplv: UUID="bf7d2459-2b35-4a1c-9b81-d4c4f24a9842" TYPE="ext4" /dev/md125: UUID="b9a1149f-ae11-4fc8-a600-0d77354dc42a" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/sda: TYPE="isw_raid_member" /dev/md125p1: UUID="420adfdd-6c4e-4552-93f0-2608938a4059" TYPE="ext4" [root@localhost ~]# Here is how /etc/mdadm.conf looks like: [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/mdadm.conf # mdadm.conf written out by anaconda MAILADDR root AUTO +imsm +1.x -all ARRAY /dev/md1 UUID=89f60dee:e46a251f:7475814b:d4cc19a9 ARRAY /dev/md126 UUID=a8775c90:cee66376:5310fc13:63bcba5b ARRAY /dev/md125 UUID=b9a1149f:ae114fc8:a6000d77:354dc42a [root@localhost ~]# here is how /proc/mdstat looks like after I recreate the partition in the array so that it becomes available: [root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md125 : active raid1 sdc[1] sdd[0] 976759808 blocks super external:/md127/0 [2/2] [UU] md127 : inactive sdc[1](S) sdd[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm md126 : active raid1 sda[1] sdb[0] 312566784 blocks super external:/md1/0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : inactive sdb[1](S) sda[0](S) 4514 blocks super external:imsm unused devices: <none> [root@localhost ~]# Detailed output regarding the array in subject: [root@localhost ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md125 /dev/md125: Container : /dev/md127, member 0 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 976759808 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 976759940 (931.51 GiB 1000.20 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Update Time : Fri Jan 7 00:38:00 2011 State : clean Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 30ebc3c2:b6a64751:4758d05c:fa8ff782 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 1 8 32 0 active sync /dev/sdc 0 8 48 1 active sync /dev/sdd [root@localhost ~]# and /etc/fstab, with /data commented (the filesystem that is on this array): # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Thu Jan 6 03:32:40 2011 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # /dev/mapper/vg00-rootlv / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=3d1b38a3-b469-4b7c-b016-8abfb26a5d7d /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 #UUID=420adfdd-6c4e-4552-93f0-2608938a4059 /data ext4 defaults 0 1 /dev/mapper/vg00-homelv /home ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg00-tmplv /tmp ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg00-varlv /var ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg00-swaplv swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@localhost ~]# Thanks in advance to everyone that even read this whole issue :-)

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  • dual boot install--no GRUB

    - by Jim Syyap
    My computer recently had a hardware upgrade and now runs on Windows 7. I decided to install Ubuntu 11.04 as dual boot using the ISO I got from ubuntu.com downloaded onto my USB stick. Restarting with the USB stick, I was able to install Ubuntu 11.04 choosing the option: Install Ubuntu 11.04 side by side with Windows 7 (or something like that). No errors were encountered on installation. However on restarting, there was no GRUB; the system went straight into Windows 7. Looking for answers, I found these: http://essayboard.com/2011/07/12/how-to-dual-boot-ubuntu-11-04-and-windows-7-the-traditional-way-through-grub-2/ http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1774523 Following their instructions, I got: Boot Info Script 0.60 from 17 May 2011 ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. => Syslinux MBR (3.61-4.03) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos7)/boot/grub on this drive. sda1: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /grldr /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /grldr sda2: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe sdb1: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 4.02 debian-20101016 ...........>...r>....... ......0...~.k...~...f...M.f.f....f..8~....>2} Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 1437504 of /dev/sdb1 for its second stage. SYSLINUX is installed in the directory. The integrity check of the ADV area failed. According to the info in the boot sector, sdb1 starts at sector 0. But according to the info from fdisk, sdb1 starts at sector 62. Operating System: Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /syslinux/syslinux.cfg /ldlinux.sys sdc1: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sdc2: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdc5: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdc6: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdc7: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 11.04 Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sdc8: __________________________________________________ ________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Going back into Ubuntu and running sudo fdisk -l , I got these: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002f393 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 13 19458 156185600 7 HPFS/NTFS Disk /dev/sdb: 2011 MB, 2011168768 bytes 62 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1021 cylinders Units = cylinders of 3844 * 512 = 1968128 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000f2ab9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 1021 1962331 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Disk /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121600 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00261ddd Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 * 1 60657 487222656+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sdc2 60657 121600 489527681 5 Extended /dev/sdc5 120563 121600 8337703+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdc6 120073 120562 3930112 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdc7 60657 119584 473328640 83 Linux /dev/sdc8 119584 120072 3923968 82 Linux swap / Solaris Should I proceed and do the following? Assuming Ubuntu 11.04 was installed on device sdb1, do this: sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt Then do this: sudo grub-install--root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb Notice there are two dashes in front of the root directory, and I'm not using sdb1 but sdb. Since the command in step 15 had reinstalled Grub 2, now we need to unmount the /mnt (i.e. sdb1) to clean up. Do this: sudo umount /mnt Reboot and remove Ubuntu 11.04 CD/DVD from disk tray. Log into Ubuntu 11.04 (you have no choice but it will make you log into Ubuntu 11.04 at this point). Open up a terminal in Ubuntu 11.04 (using real installation, not live CD/DVD). Execute this command: sudo update-grub Reboot the machine.

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  • Clone a Hard Drive Using an Ubuntu Live CD

    - by Trevor Bekolay
    Whether you’re setting up multiple computers or doing a full backup, cloning hard drives is a common maintenance task. Don’t bother burning a new boot CD or paying for new software – you can do it easily with your Ubuntu Live CD. Not only can you do this with your Ubuntu Live CD, you can do it right out of the box – no additional software needed! The program we’ll use is called dd, and it’s included with pretty much all Linux distributions. dd is a utility used to do low-level copying – rather than working with files, it works directly on the raw data on a storage device. Note: dd gets a bad rap, because like many other Linux utilities, if misused it can be very destructive. If you’re not sure what you’re doing, you can easily wipe out an entire hard drive, in an unrecoverable way. Of course, the flip side of that is that dd is extremely powerful, and can do very complex tasks with little user effort. If you’re careful, and follow these instructions closely, you can clone your hard drive with one command. We’re going to take a small hard drive that we’ve been using and copy it to a new hard drive, which hasn’t been formatted yet. To make sure that we’re working with the right drives, we’ll open up a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal) and enter in the following command sudo fdisk –l We have two small drives, /dev/sda, which has two partitions, and /dev/sdc, which is completely unformatted. We want to copy the data from /dev/sda to /dev/sdc. Note: while you can copy a smaller drive to a larger one, you can’t copy a larger drive to a smaller one with the method described below. Now the fun part: using dd. The invocation we’ll use is: sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdc In this case, we’re telling dd that the input file (“if”) is /dev/sda, and the output file (“of”) is /dev/sdc. If your drives are quite large, this can take some time, but in our case it took just less than a minute. If we do sudo fdisk –l again, we can see that, despite not formatting /dev/sdc at all, it now has the same partitions as /dev/sda.  Additionally, if we mount all of the partitions, we can see that all of the data on /dev/sdc is now the same as on /dev/sda. Note: you may have to restart your computer to be able to mount the newly cloned drive. And that’s it…If you exercise caution and make sure that you’re using the right drives as the input file and output file, dd isn’t anything to be scared of. Unlike other utilities, dd copies absolutely everything from one drive to another – that means that you can even recover files deleted from the original drive in the clone! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Reset Your Ubuntu Password Easily from the Live CDHow to Browse Without a Trace with an Ubuntu Live CDRecover Deleted Files on an NTFS Hard Drive from a Ubuntu Live CDCreate a Bootable Ubuntu 9.10 USB Flash DriveWipe, Delete, and Securely Destroy Your Hard Drive’s Data the Easy Way TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Xobni Plus for Outlook All My Movies 5.9 CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server Snagit 10 Windows Media Player Glass Icons (icons we like) How to Forecast Weather, without Gadgets Outlook Tools, one stop tweaking for any Outlook version Zoofs, find the most popular tweeted YouTube videos Video preview of new Windows Live Essentials 21 Cursor Packs for XP, Vista & 7

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  • How do I fix a corrupted harddrive after failed upgrade?

    - by Nil
    The problem originated when I was trying to fix this problem. Things went horribly, horribly wrong and I ended up with a new problem altogether. The last thing I did was run sudo apt-get install and that caused my system to freeze. I restarted my computer and it would not boot from the harddrive. I ran a copy of Ubuntu 12.10 from a flashdrive that I had and ran gparted to see if my partitions were all there. It returned this message: Invalid partition table on /dev/sda -- wrong signature 5208. The drive appeared as a 2TiB unallocated drive with an error. The drive had 4 partitions before (plus random unallocated space). There was a fat32 partition, an ext4 partition which contained ubuntu 13.04/13.10 (I don't even know which one at this point), an extended partition which contained a swap partition for my ubuntu partition (I was meaning to move that ubuntu partition into the extended partition, never got around to it), and another partition (I don't remember how I formatted it). I should also mention this is a 1TB harddrive. So in short, I have a corrupted partition table on my primary harddrive from which I boot from, how can I fix this? I tried mounting the drive with sudo mount /dev/sda1 /media/ubuntu then I changed my directory to said folder and tried to list files and this monstrosity happened: $ ls ls: cannot access ??w?j^?.: Input/output error ls: cannot access ??(? ?x?.|: Input/output error ls: cannot access 6W_@?)?._??: Input/output error ls: cannot access HB0v???.A}?: Input/output error ls: cannot access ???.?X: Input/output error ls: cannot access t)?.+?l: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?h@ ?.@ : Input/output error ls: cannot access >? @??.???: Input/output error ls: cannot access m???.??: Input/output error ls: cannot access @ if??a?: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?M!vN$?.??n: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?o? ??.Bm`: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?:I??? M. : Input/output error ls: cannot access W??.??: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?W?s??: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?v?k?.???: Input/output error ls: cannot access 5?$<N??: Input/output error .x????.??i: Input/output error ls: cannot access je????.j?1: Input/output error XjD?.???: Input/output error ls: cannot access W??n???.?: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?^x.$"?: Input/output error ls: cannot access !??*!??j.??: Input/output error ls: cannot access '-??k?^?.???: Input/output error ls: cannot access b?w?w?b.\??: Input/output error ls: cannot access o????"z.??B: Input/output error ls: cannot access ??b?h.?3-: Input/output error ls: cannot access ??.$7: Input/output error ls: cannot access )??K.bk: Input/output error ls: cannot access s??z?.?(?: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?F@?0?.@?: Input/output error .?D: Input/output error .??: Input/output error ls: cannot access?????. @: Input/output error ls: cannot access ?/?? ?.??: No such file or directory ls: cannot access rk?p4q(?.?k: Input/output error This looks promising. This is the output of fdisk -l $ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Warning: ignoring extra data in partition table 5 Warning: ignoring extra data in partition table 5 Warning: ignoring extra data in partition table 5 Warning: invalid flag 0x5208 of partition table 5 will be corrected by w(rite) Disk /dev/sda: 2199.0 GB, 2199023132672 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders, total 4294967056 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x44fdfe06 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 113305600 894715903 390705152 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/sda2 894715904 1489307647 297295872 83 Linux /dev/sda3 1489309694 1497307135 3998721 5 Extended /dev/sda4 1497309184 1953523711 228107264 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda5 ? 3013257822 3688738171 337740175 aa Unknown

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  • Sparse virtual machine disk image resizing weirdness?

    - by Matt H
    I have a partitioned virtual machine disk image created by vmware. What I want to do is resize that by 10GB. The file size is showing as 64424509440. Or 60GB. So I ran this: dd if=/dev/zero of=./win7.img seek=146800640 count=0 It ran without errors and I can verify the new size is in fact 75161927680 bytes or 70GB. This is where it gets a little odd. I started the guest domain in xen which is a Windows 7 enterprise machine. What I was expecting to see in diskmgmt.msc is 2 partitions. 1 system partition at the start of around 100MB and near 60GB partition (which is C drive) followed by around 10GB of free space. Actually what I saw was a 70GB partition!?! That confused me... so I decided to run the Check Disk which when you set it on the C drive it asks you to reboot so it'll run on boot. So I did that and during the boot it ran the checks. It got all the way through stage 3 and didn't show any errors at all. Looked at the partitions in disk manager and now C drive has shrunk back to 60GB and there is no free space. What gives? Ok, I thought I'd try mounting it under Dom0 and examining it with fdisk. This is what I get when mounted sudo xl block-attach 0 tap:aio:/home/xen/vms/otoy_v1202-xen.img xvda w sudo fdisk -l /dev/xvda Disk /dev/xvda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x582dfc96 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 13 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/xvda2 13 7833 62810112 7 HPFS/NTFS Note the cylinder boundary comment. When I run sudo cfdisk /dev/xvda I get: FATAL ERROR: Bad primary partition 1: Partition ends in the final partial cylinder Press any key to exit cfdisk So I guess this is a bigger problem than first thought. How can I fix this? EDIT: Oops, the cylinder boundary thing is not a problem at all since disks have used LBA etc. So that threw me for a moment... still the problem exists... Now this output looks a little different. sudo sfdisk -uS -l /dev/xvda Disk /dev/xvda: 7832 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #sectors Id System /dev/xvda1 * 2048 206847 204800 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/xvda2 206848 125827071 125620224 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/xvda3 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/xvda4 0 - 0 0 Empty BTW: I do have a backup of the image so if you help me mess it up that's ok. EDIT: sudo parted /dev/xvda print free Model: Xen Virtual Block Device (xvd) Disk /dev/xvda: 64.4GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space 1 1049kB 106MB 105MB primary ntfs boot 2 106MB 64.4GB 64.3GB primary ntfs 64.4GB 64.4GB 1049kB Free Space Cool. Linux is showing free space is 10GB which is what I expect. The problem is windows isn't seeing this?

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  • Need help partitioning when reinstalling Ubuntu 14.04

    - by Chris M.
    I upgraded to 14.04 about a month ago on my HP Mini netbook (about 16 GB hard disk). A few days ago the system crashed (I don't know why but I was using internet at the time). When I restarted the computer, Ubuntu would not load. Instead, I got a message from the BIOS saying Reboot and Select proper Boot device or Insert Boot Media in selected Boot device and press a key I took this to mean that I needed to reinstall 14.04. When I try to reinstall Ubuntu from the USB stick, I choose "Erase disk and install Ubuntu" but then I get a message: Some of the partitions you created are too small. Please make the following partitions at least this large: / 3.3 GB If you do not go back to the partitioner and increase the size of these partitions, the installation may fail. At first I hit Continue to see if it would install anyway, and it gave the message: The attempt to mount a file system with type ext4 in SCSI1 (0,0,0), partition # 1 (sda) at / failed. You may resume partitioning from the partitioning menu. The second time I hit Go Back, and it took me to the following partitioning table: Device Type Mount Point Format Size Used System /dev/sda /dev/sda1 ext4 (checked) 3228 MB Unknown /dev/sda5 swap (not checked) 1063 MB Unknown + - Change New Partition Table... Revert Device for boot loader installation: /dev/sda ATA JM Loader 001 (4.3 GB) At this point I'm not sure what to do. I've never partitioned my hard drive before and I don't want to screw things up. (I'm not particularly tech savvy.) Can you instruct me what I should do. (P.S. I'm afraid the table might not appear as I typed it in.) Results from fdisk: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 522 cylinders, total 8388608 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdb: 7860 MB, 7860125696 bytes 155 heads, 31 sectors/track, 3194 cylinders, total 15351808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0009a565 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 2768 15351807 7674520 b W95 FAT32 ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ Here is what it displays when I open the Disks utility (I tried the screenshot terminal command you suggested but it didn't seem to do anything): 4.3 GB Hard Disk /dev/sda Model: JM Loader 001 (01000001) Size: 4.3 GB (4,294,967,296 bytes) Serial Number: 01234123412341234 Assessment: SMART is not supported Volumes Size: 4.3 GB (4,294,967,296 bytes) Device: /dev/sda Contents: Unknown (There is a button in the utility that when you click it gives the following options: Format... Create Disk Image... Restore Disk Image... Benchmark but SMART Data & Self-Tests... is dimmed out) When I hit F9 Change Boot Device Order, it shows the hard drive as: SATA:PM-JM Loader 001 When I hit F10 to get me into the BIOS Setup Utility, under Diagnostic it shows: Primary Hard Disk Self Test Not Support NetworkManager Tool State: disconnected Device: eth0 Type: Wired Driver: atl1c State: unavailable Default: no HW Address: 00:26:55:B0:7F:0C Capabilities: Carrier Detect: yes Wired Properties Carrier: off When I run command lshw -C network, I get: WARNING: you should run this program as super-user. *-network description: Network controller product: BCM4312 802.11b/g LP-PHY vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: 01 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=b43-pci-bridge latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:feafc000-feafffff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: AR8132 Fast Ethernet vendor: Qualcomm Atheros physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: c0 serial: 00:26:55:b0:7f:0c capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=atl1c driverversion=1.0.1.1-NAPI latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:43 memory:febc0000-febfffff ioport:ec80(size=128) WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.

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  • Starting over and new to Ubuntu

    - by 2funnyyone
    We have been having repeated problems with our interent service and using windows xp & sp3 (users and premissions) I see no need for them. I started with computers long before windows. Every since sp 3 come out in 2009 I have had nothing but problems. I have lost so many computers to virius and trojans, we just stack them up. We are with Qwest/ Century link which is using advertising servers which I think is causing the problem. All the computers are networked together which is not how I set them up. I beleive Century link is networking them through assignment of a domain for our home. This causes all the computers to crash twice. This is getting expensive. We tried buying new harddrives but reinfect with hours of connecting to internet. I also beleive the modem, router and all computers are infected. I put combofix on this one and that is the only reason we are still online with this laptop. I am afraid to install new equipment because my partner and I are on SSDI and this cost a lot. I go to school at UOP and had to run off a flash and reboot this laptop to recovery every other day or so, this pass month. New plan is: We are getting ready to install new equipment but afraid to reinfect again. Need help to install new equipment. The plan is to use current internet services from Qwest/ now Century Link. The list of New equipment in order: Century link wireless modem is ZyXEL PK5000Z with 4 direct connect Ethernet ports Next Dell Optiplex 210L ( used auction purchase ) 2 gb ram 80 g hard drive Ubuntu 11.10 operating system Next Wireless D-Link router WBR-1310 with 4 direct connect Ethernet ports OK-------- Purchased Dell OEM disk for Repair or Reinstalling Windows XP Professional Operating system (2 roommates as well) All infected computers are Dell desktops or laptops with XP Pro Also purchasing Ubuntu 12.04 for 3 computers. We like the way it runs but still learning it. Questions 1] How do we fdisk the infected computers without infecting new system. We have Dos disks, but none have floppy dish drive. We do have a new floppy disk drive and usb adapter we purchased from Amazon. 2] We are thinking Avast internet security because of the boot scan. We want all software loaded before reconnecting. We can manually load our internet provider information. We purchased StopZilla $100 for 5 computers, but not sure that is what we need. But need how to setup ports security and services we will need. Really lost at this part. So we are safe when we go back on the internet. 3] Want to connect reloaded fdisk systems to router as public connection and no sharing. Do not want to network all computers. 4] Want parental/ ownership control from Ubuntu system for internet connection (Children and friends). Do we restrict at the modem and/ or router? Any help would be a blessing. I do not want to go alone on this anymore.

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  • Grub2 : Windows 7 can't boot installing with Ubuntu 10.04 on different hard drive

    - by dellphi
    I use a dual boot with two hard disks and two OS is Ubuntu 10.04 and Windows 7. Windows 7 installed on the first disk, first partition. Grub is installed on a second hard disk MBR, and Ubuntu installed on an extended partition on a second hard drive. When I select Windows 7 on the Grub menu, the HDD lamp lights up briefly and then black screen on the monitor, with the status of the keyboard is still functioning. Until now (with the default boot from first HDD), I have to press F12 to get into the Grub to run Linux on a second HDD. ================ fdisk -l ================================ dellph1@dellph1-desktop:~$ fdisk -l omitting empty partition (5) Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00087dec Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 23104 185582848+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 23105 121601 791177122 5 Extended /dev/sda5 36107 74408 307660783+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda6 74409 100081 206218341 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda7 100082 121601 172859368+ 7 HPFS/NTFS Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6d43dfb2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 10030 80560066 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 * 1 5560 44657601 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 5560 9387 30736384 83 Linux /dev/sdb7 9387 10030 5164032 82 Linux swap / Solaris dellph1@dellph1-desktop:~$ ================= grub.cfg ================== # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # It is automatically generated by /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig using templates from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then load_env fi set default="0" if [ ${prev_saved_entry} ]; then set saved_entry=${prev_saved_entry} save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then saved_entry=${chosen} save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n ${have_grubenv} ]; then if [ -z ${boot_once} ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 2f014a3a-35f3-4d05-87aa-34ca677160b7 if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=1024x768 insmod gfxterm insmod vbe if terminal_output gfxterm ; then true ; else # For backward compatibility with versions of terminal.mod that don't # understand terminal_output terminal gfxterm fi fi insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 2f014a3a-35f3-4d05-87aa-34ca677160b7 set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en insmod gettext if [ ${recordfail} = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=5 fi END /etc/grub.d/00_header BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 2f014a3a-35f3-4d05-87aa-34ca677160b7 insmod jpeg if background_image /usr/share/backgrounds/CurlsbyCandy.jpg ; then set color_normal=white/black set color_highlight=black/light-gray else set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray fi END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-24-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 2f014a3a-35f3-4d05-87aa-34ca677160b7 linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-24-generic root=UUID=2f014a3a-35f3-4d05-87aa-34ca677160b7 ro splash vga=795 quiet splash nomodeset video=uvesafb:mode_option=1280x1024-24,mtrr=3,scroll=ywrap initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-24-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-24-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 2f014a3a-35f3-4d05-87aa-34ca677160b7 echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.32-24-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-24-generic root=UUID=2f014a3a-35f3-4d05-87aa-34ca677160b7 ro single splash vga=795 echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-24-generic } END /etc/grub.d/10_linux BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" { insmod ntfs set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set 5cac2139ac210f58 chainloader +1 } END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_multisystem Ajout de MultiSystem MULTISYSTEM MENU menuentry "PLoP Boot Manager" { linux16 /boot/plpbt } menuentry "Smart Boot Manager" { search --set -f /boot/sbootmgr.dsk linux16 /boot/memdisk initrd16 /boot/sbootmgr.dsk } FIN MULTISYSTEM MENU END /etc/grub.d/40_multisystem ================================================ I want to keep the Grub on the second HDD. I have been using the Startup Manager, Boot Manager and Grub Customizer, and this problem still unsolved. The easiest thing that I can possibly do is to install Grub on first HDD, but I was curious and maybe someone can help.

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  • Failed to unmount partitions

    - by msknapp
    I'm trying to install ubuntu from a pen drive. I have windows 7 installed already and want to keep that installation. I have a 3TB drive that has one 2TB partition on it, so the last 1TB is completely unused, which is where I want to install ubuntu. I started ubuntu in "try ubuntu" mode and then opened gparted, and then deleted the unused partition for the last third of my drive, then tried to install ubuntu. During the install, it asked me if I wanted to unmount the drives I already have The installer has detected that the following disks have mounted partitions: /dev/sda, /dev/sdb Do you want the installer to try to unmount the partitions on these disks before continuing? If you leave them mounted, you will not be able to create, delete, or resize partitions on these disks, but you may be able to install to existing partitions there. No, Yes I said no because I don't want to lose my windows 7 installation, nor any of that data. I wonder, if I had said yes above, would I have lost all the data on those drives? Anyways, I hit no and continued. I chose to install ubuntu alongside windows 7, and hit continue. A few minutes passed when this popup appeared: Failed to unmount partitions The installer needs to commit changes to partition tables, but cannot do so because the partitions on the following mount points could not be unmounted: /media/ubuntu/Three\ Terabyte Drive Terabyte\ DriveDrive Please close any applications using these mount points. Would you like the installer to try to unmount these partitions again? Go Back, Continue Why is this not working? What am I supposed to do? ========== Update: I went ahead and said yes, it can unmount those partitions. It finished installing Ubuntu, but now when i start my machine it just takes me to the grub rescue prompt. Seems like it broke something. What can I do now? =============== Results of fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00027e14 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 206848 976771071 488282112 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders, total 5860533168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 4294967295 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Disk /dev/sdc: 16.0 GB, 16008609792 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1946 cylinders, total 31266816 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 * 32 31266815 15633392 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Disk /dev/sdd: 999.5 GB, 999501594624 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121515 cylinders, total 1952151552 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002ae3f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 2048 1952151551 976074752 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

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  • howto mount usb disk on esxi

    - by maruti
    have a USB drive NTFS attached to ESXi4 host. fdisk -l shows the device as /dev/mpx.... but when i try to mount that using mount /dev/xxx /mnt/usbdisk....it fails with message "no such file or dir" could anyone help with correct entry in etc/fstab? all that i am trying to do is backup the vms on esxi host to usb disk...thanks in advance

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  • how to mount a partition inside a partition

    - by facha
    Hello, everyone I have a block device (/dev/sda5) that has been partitioned inside by a virtual machine. So, when I look inside with fdisk /dev/sda5, I see: sda5p1 sda5p2 and so on. Is it possible to mount them on my host system? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to reinstall Mac OS X on OS X/Linux dual-boot system?

    - by strangeronyourtrain
    My setup: I have a MacBook Pro 5,5 with a Mac OS X Snow Leopard partition and a Linux partition. I use rEFIt to boot into Linux. I didn't use Boot Camp when I originally installed Linux; instead, I manually created the partition (with either Disk Utility in OS X or Gparted on a Linux live CD--I don't recall which one) and then installed Linux on it from a live CD. The problem: My OS X partition is corrupt, and I need to reinstall Snow Leopard. Since I installed rEFIt from within OS X, I'm concerned that wiping the OS X partition will prevent me from booting into my Linux partition. How can I do this without losing access to my Linux partition? Is it possible to install Snow Leopard on the partition I reserved for it, or will it automatically overwrite the entire drive? And if I do the fresh OS X install and then install rEFIt again, will it automatically recognize my Linux partition? Thanks for any tips! Specs: MacBook Pro 5,5 (Mid-2009); Snow Leopard 10.6.7/64-bit Sabayon Linux, 2.6.36 kernel EDIT/UPDATE: Thanks, but the situation has taken a more complicated turn: I tried to reinstall Snow Leopard from the DVD, but it refused to install onto my Mac partition, claiming: "The disk cannot be used to start up your computer." Disk Utility wouldn't let me resize the partition or create a new one, and it doesn't see my Linux partition. It only displays the two partitions "Macintosh HD" and Linux Swap. I can, however, see all the partitions from Linux. This is the partition table as shown in Gparted: And the output of "fdisk -l" is: WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 409639 204819+ ee GPT /dev/sda2 409640 349590464 174590412+ af HFS / HFS+ /dev/sda3 483122745 488392064 2634660 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 * 349590465 483122744 66766140 83 Linux Partition table entries are not in disk order I wonder if this is because I originally partitioned my disk with Gparted instead of OS X's Disk Utility (at this point, I don't recall whether I used Gparted or Disk Utility). In any case, it doesn't seem safe to do any reformatting with Disk Utility now, as I'm afraid it will wipe sda2 ("Macintosh HD") as well as sda4 (my Linux partition). So... I'm hoping to find a solution that doesn't involve wiping my entire hard disk. Would it be safe/possible to use Gparted to erase sda2 ("Macintosh HD") and then use the Snow Leopard DVD to install OS X onto [I]just[/I] sda2 without touching the other partitions? Thanks for any insight!

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  • kernel panic after LVM setup

    - by Manuel Sopena Ballesteros
    I broke my webserver... My setup is: VMWare ESXi environemt CPanel installed CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 4 CPUs 2G RAM 2x VM disks 100G each LVM system This was my previous storage settings (the server was working fine at this time): # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_test01-lv_root 95G 1.4G 88G 2% / tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 99G 188M 94G 1% /tmp /dev/sda1 485M 54M 407M 12% /boot My web developer asked me to merge /tmp and / disks so this is what I did: Delete /dev/sdb1 partition using fdisk Create a new partition as LVM on /dev/sdb1 using fdisk Create a new physical volume -- pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Extend volume group -- vgextend /dev/sdb1 vg_test01 Extend logical volume -- lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vg_test01/lv_root Resize filesystem -- resize2fs /dev/vg_test01/lv_root This is the new configuration: # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_test01-lv_root 213G 105G 97G 52% / tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 54M 407M 12% /boot /usr/tmpDSK 4.0G 145M 3.6G 4% /tmp Since I have the new settings my web server is throwing kernel panics quite often (around every 2 days). The message says: INFO: task <taskName>:<pid> blocked for more than 120 seconds. The list of process affected that I can see from the console are: mysqld queueprocd httpd suphp vmtoolsd loop0 auditd The only way I can fix this is reseting (cold reboot) the VM. I don't think it is a hardware issue as sar is not showing any bottleneck: Linux 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 (test01) 08/22/2014 _x86_64_ (4 CPU) 12:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 12:10:01 AM all 26.86 0.01 0.98 0.57 0.00 71.57 12:20:01 AM all 1.78 0.02 1.03 0.08 0.00 97.09 12:30:01 AM all 26.34 0.02 0.85 0.05 0.00 72.74 12:40:01 AM all 27.12 0.01 1.11 1.22 0.00 70.54 12:50:01 AM all 1.59 0.02 0.94 0.13 0.00 97.32 01:00:01 AM all 26.10 0.01 0.77 0.04 0.00 73.07 01:10:01 AM all 27.51 0.01 1.16 0.14 0.00 71.18 01:20:01 AM all 1.80 0.07 1.06 0.08 0.00 96.99 01:30:01 AM all 26.19 0.01 0.78 0.05 0.00 72.96 01:40:01 AM all 26.62 0.02 0.87 0.05 0.00 72.45 01:50:02 AM all 1.35 0.01 0.87 0.02 0.00 97.75 02:00:01 AM all 26.11 0.02 0.69 0.02 0.00 73.17 02:10:01 AM all 26.73 0.02 0.89 0.14 0.00 72.21 02:20:01 AM all 1.45 0.01 0.92 0.04 0.00 97.58 02:30:01 AM all 26.59 0.01 1.06 0.03 0.00 72.31 02:40:01 AM all 26.27 0.01 0.72 0.05 0.00 72.95 02:50:01 AM all 0.86 0.01 0.50 0.09 0.00 98.53 03:00:01 AM all 25.61 0.02 0.39 0.03 0.00 73.96 03:10:01 AM all 26.30 0.08 0.66 0.14 0.00 72.82 03:20:01 AM all 0.81 0.01 0.51 0.04 0.00 98.63 03:30:02 AM all 26.15 0.02 0.53 0.07 0.00 73.24 03:40:01 AM all 26.06 0.01 0.47 0.04 0.00 73.42 03:50:01 AM all 0.96 0.02 0.51 0.03 0.00 98.48 Average: all 17.69 0.02 0.79 0.14 0.00 81.36 06:58:14 AM LINUX RESTART 07:00:01 AM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 07:10:01 AM all 1.04 0.02 0.57 0.95 0.00 97.42 07:20:02 AM all 0.66 0.01 0.39 0.06 0.00 98.87 07:30:01 AM all 25.71 0.01 0.45 0.16 0.00 73.67 07:40:01 AM all 25.88 0.01 0.35 0.08 0.00 73.68 07:50:01 AM all 1.13 0.02 0.55 0.11 0.00 98.19 As you can see the server became unresponsive at 03.50 AM and I had to reset the VM at 06.58 AM to bring the website up again. I would appreciate any help/assistance to fix this issue. thank you very much

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  • VMWare vmfs vs NFS datastore with vmdk?

    - by CarpeNoctem
    I want to add a new harddisk to an existing VM and want the best performance possible. The new hard disk will exist on an NFS datastore. Currently I did the following: Created new vmdk on NFS datastore Created new lvm partition using fdisk Create new physical volume, volume group, and logical volume (2TB) Created ext3 partition on logical volume Is there a better way to do this? Should I be doing some vmware-ish file system instead?

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  • OCZ Vertex 2 not recognized by Ubuntu installer

    - by Zsub
    As I boot into the Ubuntu 10.10 (or 11.04, doesn't matter) live environment or installer, it just refuses to recognise my Vertex 2. It reports the disk as ATA and not supporting smart, shows no serial number, and doesn't list the size correctly. All fdisk tells me is Unable to read /dev/sda (it's the only storage in the PC). I'm now running a temporary install of Windows 7 off of it, which worked like a charm, so where am I going wrong with Ubuntu... Specs: Asus M4N68T-M LE V2 (BIOS 0702, most recent) OCZ Vertex 2 SSD 60 GB Amd Athlon II X4 640 Patriot PSD34G13332 4GB DDR3 ram (two banks) EDIT I installed a second drive, installed Ubuntu on that and booted, it recognised the SSD just fine. I'm now trying to apt-get upgrade the live-environment. I wonder if there is any way to sort of install Ubuntu from Ubuntu (I boot into the working install on the other drive, install it on the SSD and then boot from the SSD). EDIT2 Ok, so that doesn't work. The install detects the SSD, however, it cannot format it. EDIT3 After a fresh boot I can read out SMART-data and even perform a read-benchmark, but if I try to format it, or do a write-bench, it'll crap out and after that it says SMART is not supported. So basically it seems I can't write to the disk, as it will stop working when I do, I will try to run repeated read-benchmarks to see if that has any effect. EDIT4 I'm running several read benchmarks on the drive right now, they give results that are to be expected from an SSD. If the read-benches don't fail, I can use fdisk on the disk, but it is now stuck trying to re-read the partition table after issueing the 'w' command. EDIT5 Parted Magic did recognize the drive and with hdparm -I even could tell me the drive was in a frozen state. I powercycled it (just pull out the plug from the SSD and plug it back in) and it wasn't frozen anymore. After that I could upgrade the firmware on the drive (still using Parted Magic) and format it to Ext4. After I rebooted into the Ubuntu installer, it wouldn't get recognized and hdparm didn't want to talk to it saying HDIO_DRIVE_CMD(identify) failed: Invalid exchange. EDIT6 For some reason if I enable one of the RAID controllers (the one the SSD is connected to, obviously) Ubuntu will let me format it, mount it and write to it. The installer also recognizes it. However if the raid controller is enabled but no array is defined the motherboard can't boot from it :(

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  • external hard drive is no longer recognized, gives buffer I/O errors

    - by BioGeek
    Hi all, The external hard drive which contains all my photos and where I backed-up all my important documents is no longer recognized. It is a three month old 500GB Iomage Prestige Desktop Hard Drive. When I plug it in, it is recognised as a USB device, because it shows up when I type lsusb, but dmesg gives this error message. [19712.013250] usb 2-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 21 [19712.145347] usb 2-2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice [19712.147214] scsi25 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices [19712.147514] usb-storage: device found at 21 [19712.147519] usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanning [19717.148978] usb-storage: device scan complete [19717.149527] scsi 25:0:0:0: Direct-Access ST350082 0AS PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 CCS [19717.151020] sd 25:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [19717.151685] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] 976773168 512-byte logical blocks: (500 GB/465 GiB) [19717.160402] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [19717.160412] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 34 00 00 00 [19717.160418] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [19717.165685] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [19717.165691] sdb: sdb1 [19719.171808] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [19719.171818] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk [19737.430998] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code [19737.431007] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [19737.431016] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [19737.431027] sd 25:0:0:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error [19737.431038] end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 6160463 [19737.431050] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160400 [19737.431060] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160401 [19737.431067] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160402 [19737.431075] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160403 [19737.431082] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160404 [19737.431088] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160405 [19737.431096] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160406 [19737.431102] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160407 [19737.431114] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160408 [19737.431121] Buffer I/O error on device sdb1, logical block 6160409 [19737.712183] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code [19737.712191] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [19737.712200] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] [19737.712210] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: No additional sense information [19737.712222] end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 0 [19737.712232] Buffer I/O error on device sdb, logical block 0 Neither does the external drive show when I use fdisk: jeroen@phalacrocorax:~$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for jeroen: Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000341ad Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 18714 150320173+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 18715 19457 5968147+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 18715 19457 5968116 82 Linux swap / Solaris` I popped the disk out of the casing put it on a SATA connect internally and then tried the file recovery programs testdisk/photorec and SpinRite, but both failed because they couldn't recognize the external harddisk. Do I have any other options?

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  • How to remove iso 9660 from USB?

    - by a_m0d
    I have somehow managed to write an iso 9660 image onto my USB drive, which makes all my computer think that the device is actually a CD. I have tried various methods of removing this partition, but nothing seems to work. I have tried fdisk, which says $ fdisk -l /dev/sdb Cannot open /dev/sdb parted crashes when I try to use it on this device. I have even tried $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb but it just hangs with no output (either on screen or on disk). However, when I plug the USB in, it does mount, and I can view (but not edit) the files on it. edit: now the result is $ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb dd: opening `/dev/sdb': Read-only file system I have also tried re-formatting it on Windows, but it gets to the end of the format process and then says "Couldn't format the drive". How can I remove this partition and get my whole USB drive back to normal again? EDIT 1: Trying a simple mkfs doesn't work: $ sudo mkfs -t vfat /dev/sdb mkfs.vfat 3.0.0 (28 Sep 2008) mkfs.vfat: Will not try to make filesystem on full-disk device '/dev/sdb' (use -I if wanted) I can't do mkfs on /dev/sdb1 because there is no such partition, as shown:$ ls /dev | grep sdb sdb EDIT 2: This is the information posted by dmesg when I plug the device in:$ dmesg . . (snip) . usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=058f, idProduct=6387 usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 usb 2-1: Product: Mass Storage usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Generic usb 2-1: SerialNumber: G0905000000000010885 usb-storage: device found at 4 usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanning usb-storage: device scan complete scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access FLASH Drive AU_USB20 8.07 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 4069376 512-byte hardware sectors (2084 MB) sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00 sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 4069376 512-byte hardware sectors (2084 MB) sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00 sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through sdb: unknown partition table sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 ISO 9660 Extensions: Microsoft Joliet Level 3 ISO 9660 Extensions: RRIP_1991A SELinux: initialized (dev sdb, type iso9660), uses genfs_contexts CE: hpet increasing min_delta_ns to 15000 nsec This shows that the device is formatted as ISO 9660 and that it is /dev/sdb. EDIT 3: This is the message that I find at the bottom of dmesg after running cfdisk and writing a new partition table to the disk:SELinux: initialized (dev sdb, type iso9660), uses genfs_contexts sd 17:0:0:0: [sdb] Device not ready: Sense Key : Not Ready [current] sd 17:0:0:0: [sdb] Device not ready: < ASC=0xff ASCQ=0xffASC=0xff < ASCQ=0xff end_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 0 Buffer I/O error on device sdb, logical block 0 lost page write due to I/O error on sdb

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  • How to use Hardware RAID in Ubuntu Server

    - by user2071938
    I have an Adaptec RAID-Controller and created an RAID-1(Mirroring) succesfully. Now I have installed Ubuntu Server 12.04.3. When I type fdisk -l I get this output: bf@fileserver:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdc: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0004c454 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sdc2 501758 156301311 77899777 5 Extended /dev/sdc5 501760 156301311 77899776 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-root: 75.6 GB, 75606523904 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9191 cylinders, total 147668992 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ddf1_Data: 1000.1 GB, 1000065728512 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121584 cylinders, total 1953253376 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/ddf1_Data doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-swap_1: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 505 cylinders, total 8126464 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/fileserver--vg-swap_1 doesn't contain a valid partition table The 80 GB HDD is for the System The 1000.2 GB HDD should be for my data. But I'm a bit confused becauser there are listed two 1000.2 GB HDDs, due the Hardware RAID shoudln't there be only one HDD vissible to the OS? (I have two 1000.2 GB HDDs in an Raid-1 Array) dmraid gives me bf@fileserver:~$ sudo dmraid -r /dev/sdb: ddf1, ".ddf1_disks", GROUP, ok, 1953253376 sectors, data@ 0 /dev/sda: ddf1, ".ddf1_disks", GROUP, ok, 1953253376 sectors, data@ 0 so It seems to be ok? But how do I partitionate this disks and which one should I mount(sdb or sda?) Hope you can help me thx Florian

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  • How to install grub into an .img file?

    - by Francesco Turco
    I did the following: created an empty .img file with dd associated it to /dev/loop0 with losetup created a partition in it with fdisk formatted such partition with mke2fs copied a custom GNU/Linux system into that partition Now I'd like to make the .img file bootable by installing grub into its MBR and /boot directory. My goal is to load the .img file with qemu. It would be better if grub2 is used instead of grub legacy. Thanks.

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  • Volume group disappeared, LVs still available

    - by Ben
    I've run into an issue with my KVM host which runs VMs on a LVM volume. As of last night the logical volumes are no longer seen as such (I can't create snapshots of them even though I have been for months now). Running any scans all result in nothing being found: [root@apollo ~]# pvscan No matching physical volumes found [root@apollo ~]# vgscan Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... No volume groups found root@apollo ~]# lvscan No volume groups found If I try restoring the VG conf backup from /etc/lvm/backups/vg0 I get the following error: [root@apollo ~]# vgcfgrestore -f /etc/lvm/backup/vg0 vg0 Couldn't find device with uuid 20zG25-H8MU-UQPf-u0hD-NftW-ngsC-mG63dt. Cannot restore Volume Group vg0 with 1 PVs marked as missing. Restore failed. /etc/lvm/backups/vg0 has the following for the physical volume: physical_volumes { pv0 { id = "20zG25-H8MU-UQPf-u0hD-NftW-ngsC-mG63dt" device = "/dev/sda5" # Hint only status = ["ALLOCATABLE"] flags = [] dev_size = 4292870143 # 1.99902 Terabytes pe_start = 384 pe_count = 524031 # 1.99902 Terabytes } } fdisk -l /dev/sda shows the following: [root@apollo ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 6000.1 GB, 6000069312512 bytes 64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 5722112 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000188b7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2 32768 33553408 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 32769 33280 524288 83 Linux /dev/sda3 33281 1081856 1073741824 83 Linux /dev/sda4 1081857 3177984 2146435072 85 Linux extended /dev/sda5 1081857 3177984 2146435071+ 8e Linux LVM The server is running a 4 disk HW RAID10 which seems perfectly healthy according to megacli and smartd. The only odd message in /var/log/messages is the following which shows up every couple of hours: Jun 10 09:41:57 apollo udevd[527]: failed to create queue file: No space left on device Output of df -h [root@apollo ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 1016G 119G 847G 13% / /dev/sda2 508M 67M 416M 14% /boot Does anyone have any ideas what to do next? The VMs are all running fine at the moment apart from not being able to snapshot them. Updated with extra info It's not a lack of inodes: [root@apollo ~]# df -i Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/sda3 67108864 48066 67060798 1% / /dev/sda2 32768 47 32721 1% /boot pvs, vgs & lvs either output nothing or "No volume groups found".

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  • Ubuntu says FAT16, windows says NTF?

    - by myforwik
    I created a partition on USB harddisk in windows and it reports to be an NTFS partition. Yet in ubuntu 9.10 fdisk says it a FAT16 partition. If I mount with -t ntfs I see nothing, but if I mount without it I see all the files. Can anyone tell me whats going on here? Windows computer disk management definately says its NTFS, and a quick look at the raw data suggests it is NTFS, as I know the FAT16 very well.

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  • ZFS - how to partition SSD for ZIL or L2ARC use?

    - by ewwhite
    I'm working with a Sun x4540 unit with two pools and newly-installed ZIL (OCZ Vertex 2 Pro) and L2ARC (Intel X25-M) devices. Since I need to keep these two pools in the near-term, I'd like to know how to partition these devices to serve both pools of data. I've tried format, parted and fdisk and can't quite seem to get the right combination to generate recognizable partitions for zpool add. The OS in this case is NexentaStor, but I will also need this for general OpenSolaris solutions.

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  • [Ubuntu]df Total size is not correct compared with the size of the disk

    - by John John
    I'm running Ubuntu Squeeze and on one of the partitions df is showing the Total size as 335G: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb 335G 225G 94G 71% /mnt However in the past it was showing as 360GB (which is the actual size): fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 365.0 GB, 365041287168 bytes lsof +L1 does not return anything (and anyway if this would be the case the Total space should not be affected.) On this partition I'm writing (and deleting) a lot of files and this happened before in the past, but problem solved by itself.

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  • How to setup RAID partitions with parted?

    - by psycketom
    I'm going through the https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/RAID guide in here, but I'm stuck on Partition Tables. Since my drives are 3TB, fdisk and cfdisk won't cut it due to their 2GB limit, but they are straight forward when managing partitions - adding da or fd as types. But, there is not that straight forward guide for RAID partition setup with parted. So, how do I make Non-FS or RAID partition with parted?

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