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• Failed to get i915 symbols, graphics turbo disabled

  - by Optimus Prime

  I'm getting "Failed to get i915 symbols, graphics turbo disabled" error message after installing following softwares and few updates from Ubuntu. Django, Mysql server 5.5 Mysql benchmark And i have installed few updates for ubuntu. It was showing as Security Updates for Ubuntu. After installing Updates the update manager showed that i should restart the system. On restart i got following error message. " failed to get i915 symbols, graphics turbo disabled". So i tried the work around mentioned here (using the Live CD) ie add intel_ips to the blacklist echo "blacklist intel_ips" /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf add i915 and intel_ips to /etc/modules echo -e "i915/nintel_ips" /etc/modules Now when start the system it freezes at Ubuntu splash screen. I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, on Dell inspiron N1040. I need to boot the system as i have spend lot of days configuring. Python and Django. Please help EDIT : OK when i restarted the system yesterday it magically turned on. Now i can view my desktop. But one problem, i can't mount any of the drives. It says failed to mount Drive. I'm also frequently getting "Ubuntu System Failure" Error Message.

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• Gateway ZA8 Netbook graphics Issue

  - by Hansel

  The graphics keep tearing and are barely usable anytime I try to use my Netbook. And I did a full install with Ubuntu so I'm pretty much stuck. These are the specs of the Netbook: Processor AMD Athlon™ 64 L110 Single-Core Processor (1.2GHz, 800MHz FSB, 512KB L2 Cache)6 Operating System Genuine Windows Vista® Home Basic (32-bit) with SP1 Display 11.6" HD WXGA Ultrabright™ LED-backlit Display (1366 x 768 resolution, 16:9 aspect ratio)7 Memory 2048MB DDR2 533MHz SDRAM Single Channel Memory8 Hard Drive 250GB SATA hard drive2 Color Classic and Elegant Design with Cherry Red finish Wireless Network 802.11b/g Wi-Fi CERTIFIED®3 Adapter AC Adapter Application Software Microsoft® Works, Microsoft® Money Essentials, Microsoft® Office Home and Student 2007 (60-day complimentary trial period)1 Battery 6-Cell Lithium Ion (5200mAh) Chassis Chassis with ATI Radeon® X1270 Graphics and AMD RS690E Chipset8 Dimensions (Box) 3.1" (H) x 14.8" (W) x 10.1" (D) or 80mm (H) x 376mm (W) x 256mm (D) Dimensions (System) 1.03" (H) x 11.26" (W) x 7.99" (D) or 26.4mm (H) x 286mm (W) x 203mm (D) External Ports (3) USB 2.0, VGA Connector Keyboard and Mouse Keyboard with Multi-Gesture Touchpad Media Card Reader Multi-in-1 Digital Media Card Reader (Memory Stick®, Memory Stick Pro™, MultiMediaCard, Secure Digital™, xD-Picture Card™) Network 10/100 Ethernet LAN (RJ-45 port) What can I do?

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• 2D graphics - why use spritesheets?

  - by Columbo

  I have seen many examples of how to render sprites from a spritesheet but I havent grasped why it is the most common way of dealing with sprites in 2d games. I have started out with 2d sprite rendering in the few demo applications I've made by dealing with each animation frame for any given sprite type as its own texture - and this collection of textures is stored in a dictionary. This seems to work for me, and suits my workflow pretty well, as I tend to make my animations as gif/mng files and then extract the frames to individual pngs. Is there a noticeable performance advantage to rendering from a single sheet rather than from individual textures? With modern hardware that is capable of drawing millions of polygons to the screen a hundred times a second, does it even matter for my 2d games which just deal with a few dozen 50x100px rectangles? The implementation details of loading a texture into graphics memory and displaying it in XNA seems pretty abstracted. All I know is that textures are bound to the graphics device when they are loaded, then during the game loop, the textures get rendered in batches. So it's not clear to me whether my choice affects performance. I suspect that there are some very good reasons most 2d game developers seem to be using them, I just don't understand why.

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• AMD switchable graphics are not working OR I don't know how to make them work

  - by Deus Deceit

  I don't know if this is the right place for this question, but I'll give it a shot. I have a Dell Inspiron 17R 5721. It's supposed to be using switchable graphics. It has an Intel HD 4000 and a Radeon HD 8730M and I'm using windows 8. My problem is this, I Installed the drivers that dell gives me but I don't see the AMD graphics card ANYWHERE ( I do see it in device manager but not anywhere else to select and play a game using AMD). I installed the latest drivers from AMD and same thing, I can't run a game with AMD graphics card. I change the applications preferences in the Catalyst control center but even after that, games don't give me the option to select the AMD card, they list only the Intel HD 4000. Can someone tell me what I have to do to make this work? ------------------- After looking around and messing with stuff. I think.... I THINK that you don't really get the option to select a graphics card. Switchable graphics is all about switching automatically depending on application's needs. Cause when I uninstalled AMD's drivers or actually (screwed up lol) games were playing much worse. When I re-installed them, games went back to being good looking. So even if a game sees only the Intel HD 4000 graphics card windows or AMD's drivers will switch to the AMD Readeon graphics card automatically. I hope someone can verify this. Cause seriously I don't think you get to play scyrim with High graphics settings or even ultra with the Intel HD Graphics card. -------------------

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• Screen problems on 11.10 using VGA compatible controller 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller

  - by MorrisseyJ

  I am having problems with my display. The problem manifests as lots of screen artefacts, which seem to be worse in Unity than in Gnome 3, are worse after i have used suspend and are intolerable if i set myself up on a dual monitor. Specific issues include: icons disappearing, lines occurring all over the screen, the backgrounds of certain windows going another colour and window borders disappearing or being filled with text from other parts of the screen. The most annoying problem is lines of text disappearing from a host of word processing programmes (libreoffice, gedit, bluefish etc), as i type. In most circumstances the screen problem can be temporarily fixed (so that i can see the screen clearly) by either scrolling the text off the screen and then scrolling it back onto the screen, or highlighting the offending area of the desktop, by clicking and dragging. Errors on parts of the screen that don't seem to redraw (window borders (off the universal menu) or the screen area outside of a LO document, in print layout view, for example) can't seem to be fixed in a session. I am running 11.10, 64 bit on my Thinkpad x121e Display information is: description: VGA compatible controller product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 09 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:42 memory:d0000000-d03fffff memory:c0000000-cfffffff ioport:4000(size=64) There appear to be a few problems with the Intel graphics and Ubuntu but i am not sure if they are all the same. If anyone knows if this is a known bug it'd be great to know, otherwise i'll file a report. Should anyone know of a fix i would greatly appreciate hearing about it. Let me know if you need any more information. Thanks

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• Problem using graphics.h in Ubuntu

  - by blooooomer

  # include<stdio.h> # include<graphics.h> # include<math.h> using namespace std; int main(void) { int gd=DETECT,gm; int r,x,y,p,xc=320,yc=240; initgraph(&gd,&gm,NULL); cleardevice(); printf("Enter the radius "); scanf("%d",&r); x=0; y=r; putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,1); p=3-(2*r); for(x=0;x<=y;x++) { if (p<0) { y=y; p=(p+(4*x)+6); } else { y=y-1; p=p+((4*(x-y)+10)); } putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,1); putpixel(xc-x,yc-y,2); putpixel(xc+x,yc+y,3); putpixel(xc-x,yc+y,4); putpixel(xc+y,yc-x,5); putpixel(xc-y,yc-x,6); putpixel(xc+y,yc+x,7); putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,8); } getch(); closegraph(); } installed graphics.h compiled using gcc filename.cpp -0 filename -lgraph then used ./filename the window apperared for 10 seconds and the error below appears: [xcb] Unknown sequence number while processing queue [xcb] Most likely this is a multi-threaded client and XInitThreads has not been called [xcb] Aborting, sorry about that. heart: ../../src/xcb_io.c:273: poll_for_event: Assertion `!xcb_xlib_threads_sequence_lost' failed. Aborted Any solutions?

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• System in low-graphics mode

  - by Artem Moskalev

  I am totally new to Linux, and Ubuntu. I bought ASUS X53E Notebook, erased Windows and installed Ubuntu. First it worked ok. Then when I started working with it, i opened the terminal, entered sudo chmod 666 usr and then all the icons from the main panel disappeared + the whole system stopped responding. I decided to restart the system. When restarted, a message appears: the system is running in low graphics mode and below it: Your screen, graphics card and input device setting could not be detected correctly. You will need to configure it yourself. But the "OK" button is disabled and if I press any buttons nothing happens. If I enter Ctrl-Alt-F2 it opens the bash terminal. But there commands sudo or apt-get are not found and it says that permission denied if i try to enter any folder like cd /usr If I enter the su command it asks for the password I don't know. When encountering this problem first, I reinstalled the whole Ubuntu. but today it happened again just the same. What shall I do? maybe there is something wrong with the hardware? If I need to install another distribution of Linux could you recommend one? but I'd rather stick to Debian releases like Ubuntu. so how do I fix the problem? PS: Please give answers in simple terms because am a newbie so i don't know what goes where yet.

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• Collision and Graphics integration

  - by Shlomi Atia

  I'm a little confused about the integration between collision and graphics. They both need to share the same position in the world. The most obvious choice is the center of the entity, which is good for bounding volumes and fixed sized sprites. However, for characters with variable height size sprites like this: http://gamemedia.wcgame.ru/data/2011-07-17/game-sprite-sheet.jpg This is no longer good. The character won't align to the ground if I'll draw it from the center. I can just make the sprites the same height, but it will be a waste of memory (the largest sprite is 4 times larger then the smallest one). Even then, this is not an option at all with skeletal sprites like this one: http://user-generated-content.java-gaming.org/img-vault/212a171fc1ebb27ab77608fb9b2dd9bd9205361ce6300b21a7f8d06d025fbbd8.png It seems that the graphics need to be drawn from the ground for characters, but not for other images such as scenery and obstacles. The only solution I could think of was having another position called draw-position, which is the entity center for images, and is the the bottom of the collision volume for characters. Then when I draw relative to that position, it should work properly. I haven't found any references for something like that, so I'm kinda insecure about it. Does anyone knows of a better approach for this problem? Thanks

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• Latest update to Ubuntu 13.10 broke Intel graphics drivers

  - by James Davies

  I'm running a copy of Ubuntu 13.10 on an i7-4771 w/ Intel HD4600 Graphics using a Dell Ultrasharp 1440p monitor via Displayport. Up until today this configuration has been working perfectly, however the latest update appears to have broken my graphics configuration, and xorg is now refusing to go above 1280p resolution. Running xrandr it appears the driver incorrectly thinks my monitor is plugged into the HDMI port and is detecting a max resolution of 1920x1200 instead of 2560x1440. (It's actually plugged in via Displayport). Based on the apt history.log, the latest update was for the kernel. I'm presuming the issue is that the official Intel driver hasn't been updated to support this version? Is there any way to resolve this, or will I need to upgrade to 14.10 to get the latest driver from Intel? Start-Date: 2014-05-28 11:30:57 Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.473' Install: linux-image-extra-3.11.0-22-generic:amd64 (3.11.0-22.38), linux-image-3.11.0-22-generic:amd64 (3.11.0-22.38), linux-headers-3.11.0-22:amd64 (3.11.0-22.38), linux-headers-3.11.0-22-generic:amd64 (3.11.0-22.38)

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• Low Graphics and laggy screen after update to 13.10 from 13.04

  - by Wh0RU

  After updating from 13.04 to 13.10 many of 3D unity stuff has stopped working, I am suing Samsung Series 3 (NP350V5X) Laptop which has Switchable Intel and AMD Radeon HD 7670M GFX. xserver-xorg-video-ati does works but NO 3D support and graphics are very low. [I am currently using this] fglrx & fglrx-updates shows blank screen after Login. Intel Graphic Install doesn't work either (dependency error) Output of $ sudo lshw -c video *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: Thames [Radeon HD 7500M/7600M Series] vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: 00 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=radeon latency=0 resources: irq:45 memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:c0120000-c013ffff ioport:3000(size=256) memory:c0100000-c011ffff *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 09 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:46 memory:bfc00000-bfffffff memory:d0000000-dfffffff ioport:4000(size=64) Similarly $ /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p OpenGL vendor string: VMware, Inc. OpenGL renderer string: Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 3.3, 256 bits) OpenGL version string: 2.1 Mesa 9.2.1 Not software rendered: no Not blacklisted: yes GLX fbconfig: yes GLX texture from pixmap: yes GL npot or rect textures: yes GL vertex program: yes GL fragment program: yes GL vertex buffer object: yes GL framebuffer object: yes GL version is 1.4+: yes Unity 3D supported: no Shows no 3D support. Can anyone please guide how to make things working again.

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• Intel N10 graphics

  - by Rapsag1980

  Español: Buen día. Instalé en una notebook ubuntu 12.04 pero me da el problema que solamente me da dos resoluciones de pantallas 800x600 y 1024x768... En la primera se ve muy grotesca la pantalla y en la segunda se ve bien, pero falta un pedazo de pantalla arriba y abajo... He tratado de buscar información sobre el tema pero parece uno de esos "bugs" que no han conseguido ser erradicados... Intenté hacer el Xorg.conf y esas cosas y nomas no se puede... Recurro a su sapiencia y experiencia en este tipo de problemas... La mini es una Lanix Neuron lt, procesador intel atom n450 y la tarjeta Intel corporation N10 family integrated graphics controller.... Inglés: Good day. I installed ubuntu 12.04 on a notebook but I get the problem that only gives me two screen resolutions of 800x600 and 1024x768 ... The first screen looks very grotesque and the second looks good, but missing a piece of screen up and down ... I tried to find information on the subject but it seems one of those "bugs" that have failed to be eradicated ... I tried to do the Xorg.conf nomas and stuff and you can not ... I appeal to your wisdom and experience in this kind of problem ... The mini is a Neuron Lanix lt, Intel Atom N450 processor and the Intel integrated graphics family corporation N10 controller ....

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• Blank screen during boot after clean Ubuntu 11.10 install (Intel N10 graphics)

  - by Coen

  After a clean install of Ubuntu 11.10 on my Asus eee PC 1005p, Ubuntu seems to boot correctly, except for initialization of the LCD screen. What I observe: I choose Ubuntu 11.10 in the GRUB 2 menu A blank screen with a blinking cursor in the top left of the screen, for 15-20 seconds. The ubuntu logo with 5 red dots in the center of the screen, for 1 second. The LCD screen is entirely blank The startup sound plays (Ubuntu is configured to auto-login) Still, the LCD screen is entirely blank. When I press Fn-F8 (the switch between LCD screen and external VGA), the LCD screen shows my desktop correctly and everything seems to work fine. Except for the adjust contrast buttons (Fn-F5 and Fn-F6), these seem to cycle through random brightness modes. Something like: 0% - 50% - 20% - 0% - 20% - 0% Any ideas what's causing this or how to solve this? coen@elpicu:~$ lspci -v 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation N10 Family Integrated Graphics Controller (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 83ac Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 44 Memory at f7e00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=512K] I/O ports at dc00 [size=8] Memory at d0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at f7d00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation N10 Family Integrated Graphics Controller Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 83ac Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Memory at f7e80000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=512K] Capabilities: <access denied>

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• Should functional programming be taught before imperative programming?

  - by Zifre

  It seems to me that functional programming is a great thing. It eliminates state and makes it much easier to automatically make code run in parallel. Many programmers who were first taught imperative programming styles find it very difficult to learn functional programming, because it is so different. I began to wonder if programmers who were taught functional programming first would find it hard to begin imperative programming. It seems like it would not be as hard as the other way around, so I thought it would be a good thing if more programmers were taught functional programming first. So, my question is, should functional programming be taught in school before imperative, and if so, why is it not more common to start with it?

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• How to join the World of Programming? [closed]

  - by litebread

  Name's Vlad and I am currently on my third year of Community College, studying Computer Science with emphasis on Programming in C++ and Networking. I have completed a few programming courses with general ease, but have not gained advanced understanding of programming through school. None of my friends are serious programmers working in the industry. Being an active lurker on many programming websites, and in general tech oriented sites I have noticed how little I know about the industry, the lingo and terminology. (I have no clue how Git hub works, but I generally understand what its for). So I am looking for help as to where I should look for information on the programming world and the industry in which I a very interested. By that I mean, what sites I should utilize to gain information on programming practices, introduction to advanced C++ and resources that simply introduce a 20some programming noob. I like programming, but I haven't dug my hands deep into it yet, I want to start to do so before I transfer to a University. All in all, where do I find information on becoming an actual programmer (Information that lays out a path). Thank you for reading. Have a great day!

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• Physics/Graphics Components

  - by Brett Powell

  I have spent the last 48 hours reading up on Object Component systems, and feel I am ready enough to start implementing it. I got the base Object and Component classes created, but now that I need to start creating the actual components I am a bit confused. When I think of them in terms of HealthComponent or something that would basically just be a property, it makes perfect sense. When it is something more general as a Physics/Graphics component, I get a bit confused. My Object class looks like this so far (If you notice any changes I should make please let me know, still new to this)... typedef unsigned int ID; class GameObject { public: GameObject(ID id, Ogre::String name = ""); ~GameObject(); ID &getID(); Ogre::String &getName(); virtual void update() = 0; // Component Functions void addComponent(Component *component); void removeComponent(Ogre::String familyName); template<typename T> T* getComponent(Ogre::String familyName) { return dynamic_cast<T*>(m_components[familyName]); } protected: // Properties ID m_ID; Ogre::String m_Name; float m_flVelocity; Ogre::Vector3 m_vecPosition; // Components std::map<std::string,Component*> m_components; std::map<std::string,Component*>::iterator m_componentItr; }; Now the problem I am running into is what would the general population put into Components such as Physics/Graphics? For Ogre (my rendering engine) the visible Objects will consist of multiple Ogre::SceneNode (possibly multiple) to attach it to the scene, Ogre::Entity (possibly multiple) to show the visible meshes, and so on. Would it be best to just add multiple GraphicComponent's to the Object and let each GraphicComponent handle one SceneNode/Entity or is the idea to have one of each Component needed? For Physics I am even more confused. I suppose maybe creating a RigidBody and keeping track of mass/interia/etc. would make sense. But I am having trouble thinking of how to actually putting specifics into a Component. Once I get a couple of these "Required" components done, I think it will make a lot more sense. As of right now though I am still a bit stumped.

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• Ubuntu 12.04.3 - Graphics Driver: Default vs Nvidia 319-recommended vs Nvidia 319-updated

  - by Navraj

  Background: I switched from default driver to Nvidia-319-recommended. I am guessing that this update has caused issues with Keyboard shortcuts, battery status icon disappearing as well as power management issues as speculated by others. Closing laptop lid no longer suspends laptop - It has to be manually done by licking 'suspend' before closing lid. Question: How do you restore the original/default graphics driver? Thanks for your help. Regards

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• Graphics driver being reported as Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 0x300) instead of intel

  - by schonjones

  I have an integrated Intel 945GM in a Toshiba laptop. Previously the graphics driver was reported correctly, but at some point it has changed. I've noticed general poor performance and though it should meet minimum requirements for unity 3d is using unity 2d. Under the details panel in system settings it is now reporting Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 0x300). any help would be appreciated. I have searched google for hours trying to find an answer.

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• Dual Frame Buffer on Ubuntu 12.04 Intel HD Graphics 4600 i7-4770

  - by user3692512

  I have 2 monitors connected to the PC, one in HDMI, one in DVI. I have Intel integrated graphics HD4600 Now as far my understanding, both the monitors is connected at the same framebuffer /dev/fb0 How can I detach them and create 2 frame buffers at startup, so that I can directly write to the second monitor, by writing on the /dev/fb1, and not hamper the /dev/fb0, so that x-server can run normally on that?

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• What could be my path? Networking, programming, or something else?

  - by momong

  Well first and foremost, I would like to give my brief description: I was an aviation student but I didn't pursue that path because I lost my interest. Now I'm an I.T. student and currently stopped schooling because of confusion. I don't know which path I should choose: could it be programming or networking? Someone told me that on networking the money is easy, the job is easy. Others told me that programming is best suited for me because I'm very skilled and excellent at figures. I want to chose networking, but I can't find my passion for it, my mind tells me but my heart doesn't... and on programming, I don't know which language I should pick or if I like it or not. A good mentor, even if only online, would be a very big plus to me, but I don't think if there are many who could spent their time on teaching a nobody... but I'm very eager to learn. My real passion is gaming! I want to work in the gaming industry, I want to be a man behind those games! I've been a gamer freak since birth. But I don't know how to get in to that industry. I don't know what to do. I don't know which path would really suit me. Sorry if some of you find this a pointless question, but please bear with me, this could be the turn of my life.

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• First languages with generic programming support

  - by oluies

  Which was the first language with generic programming support, and what was the first major staticly typed language (widely used) with generics support. Generics implement the concept of parameterized types to allow for multiple types. The term generic means "pertaining to or appropriate to large groups of classes." I have seen the following mentions of "first": First-order parametric polymorphism is now a standard element of statically typed programming languages. Starting with System F [20,42] and functional programming lan- guages, the constructs have found their way into mainstream languages such as Java and C#. In these languages, first-order parametric polymorphism is usually called generics. From "Generics of a Higher Kind", Adriaan Moors, Frank Piessens, and Martin Odersky Generic programming is a style of computer programming in which algorithms are written in terms of to-be-specified-later types that are then instantiated when needed for specific types provided as parameters. This approach, pioneered by Ada in 1983 From Wikipedia Generic Programming

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• Programming Language, Turing Completeness and Turing Machine

  - by Amumu

  A programming language is said to be Turing Completeness if it can successfully simulate a universal TM. Let's take functional programming language for example. In functional programming, function has highest priority over anything. You can pass functions around like any primitives or objects. This is called first class function. In functional programming, your function does not produce side effect i.e. output strings onto screen, change the state of variables outside of its scope. Each function has a copy of its own objects if the objects are passed from the outside, and the copied objects are returned once the function finishes its job. Each function written purely in functional style is completely independent to anything outside of it. Thus, the complexity of the overall system is reduced. This is referred as referential transparency. In functional programming, each function can have its local variables kept its values even after the function exits. This is done by the garbage collector. The value can be reused the next time the function is called again. This is called memoization. A function usually should solve only one thing. It should model only one algorithm to answer a problem. Do you think that a function in a functional language with above properties simulate a Turing Machines? Functions (= algorithms = Turing Machines) are able to be passed around as input and returned as output. TM also accepts and simulate other TMs Memoization models the set of states of a Turing Machine. The memorized variables can be used to determine states of a TM (i.e. which lines to execute, what behavior should it take in a give state ...). Also, you can use memoization to simulate your internal tape storage. In language like C/C++, when a function exits, you lose all of its internal data (unless you store it elsewhere outside of its scope). The set of symbols are the set of all strings in a programming language, which is the higher level and human-readable version of machine code (opcode) Start state is the beginning of the function. However, with memoization, start state can be determined by memoization or if you want, switch/if-else statement in imperative programming language. But then, you can't Final accepting state when the function returns a value, or rejects if an exception happens. Thus, the function (= algorithm = TM) is decidable. Otherwise, it's undecidable. I'm not sure about this. What do you think? Is my thinking true on all of this? The reason I bring function in functional programming because I think it's closer to the idea of TM. What experience with other programming languages do you have which make you feel the idea of TM and the ideas of Computer Science in general? Can you specify how you think?

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• First languages with generic programming support

  - by oluies

  Which was the first language with generic programming support, and what was the first major staticly typed language (widely used) with generics support. Generics implement the concept of parameterized types to allow for multiple types. The term generic means "pertaining to or appropriate to large groups of classes." I have seen the following mentions of "first": First-order parametric polymorphism is now a standard element of statically typed programming languages. Starting with System F [20,42] and functional programming lan- guages, the constructs have found their way into mainstream languages such as Java and C#. In these languages, first-order parametric polymorphism is usually called generics. From "Generics of a Higher Kind", Adriaan Moors, Frank Piessens, and Martin Odersky Generic programming is a style of computer programming in which algorithms are written in terms of to-be-specified-later types that are then instantiated when needed for specific types provided as parameters. This approach, pioneered by Ada in 1983 From Wikipedia Generic Programming

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• Creating a mask from a graphics context

  - by Magic Bullet Dave

  I want to be able to create a greyscale image with no alpha from a png in the app bundle. This works, and I get an image created: // Create graphics context the size of the overlapping rectangle UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rectangleOfOverlap.size); CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); // More stuff CGContextDrawImage(ctx, drawRect2, [UIImage imageNamed:@"Image 01.png"].CGImage); // Create the new UIImage from the context UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext(); However the resulting image is 32 bits per pixel and has an alpha channel, so when I use CGCreateImageWithMask it doesn't work. I've tried creating a bitmap context thus: CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceGray(); CGContextRef ctx =CGBitmapContextCreate(nil, rectangleOfOverlap.size.width, rectangleOfOverlap.size.height, 8, rectangleOfOverlap.size.width , colorSpace, kCGImageAlphaNone); UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext returns zero and the resulting image is not created. Am I doing something dumb here? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Regards Dave

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• Problems with graphics of Sony Vaio Z

  - by dpcat237

  Hello, I have problem with my Sony Vaio Z VPCZ1. It has physical selector of GPUs which Linux kernel not detect. So after GRUB I see black display (I tried different distributions of Ubuntu and other Linux OS). I read in Ubuntu 10.10 was solve same problem with hybrid graphics but not in my case ^^ I found solutions (not easy at do) for oldest models. But I'm not expert in Linux and before I prefer ask people with more experience. Somebody can help me? Someone installed Ubuntu in same laptop? PS. for more information I found different webs: http://goo.gl/ktvq Thanks Regards

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• HDMI with Intel Mobile 4 Graphics Controller

  - by roel

  When connecting my TV over HDMI, it shows up in display settings and xrandr: Aspire1825PTZ:~$ lspci | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 07) Aspire1825PTZ:~$ xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1366 x 768, maximum 8192 x 8192 LVDS1 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 256mm x 144mm 1366x768 60.0*+ 1360x768 59.8 60.0 1024x768 60.0 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) HDMI1 connected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 720x576 50.0 720x480 59.9 DP1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) HDMI2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) DP2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) DP3 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) TV1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) However, the resolution is way too low and the screen remains black. Everything works fine in Windows, but I'd rather not reboot just to watch a film... Could anyone help me please?

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