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  • SQLite Modify Column

    - by Nathan
    I need to modify a column in a SQLite database but I have to do it programatically due to the database already being in production. From my research I have found that in order to do this I must do the following. Create a new table with new schema Copy data from old table to new table Drop old table Rename new table to old tables name That seems like a ridiculous amount of work for something that should be relatively easy. Is there not an easier way? All I need to do is change a constraint on a existing column and give it a default value.

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  • form layout in drupal from a module

    - by EricP
    I created my own module called "cssswitch". I'm trying to create my own html layout to display the admin form portion of the module. I understand how to use the hook_form_alter() to modify form elements, but I need to create the entire form layout to make some fields appear next to each other. It seems I need something like the way I have the frontend view of the node displayed with theme_cssswitch_display(), but for the admin part of the node. function cssswitch_form_alter(&$form, $form_state, $form_id) { switch($form_id) { case 'cssswitch_node_form': $form['hour_start']['#prefix'] = '<div class="start-box">'; $form['ampm_start']['#suffix'] = '</div>'; $form['ampm_start']['#attributes'] = array("style" => "border-width:2px;"); break; } } function cssswitch_theme() { return array( 'cssswitch_display' => array( 'arguments' => array('node'), ), ); } // to display the view of the node function theme_cssswitch_display($node) { $output = '<div class="cssswitch-cssfilename">Filename: '. check_plain($node->cssfilename). '</div>'; $output .= '<div class="cssswitch-time_start">Start: '. check_plain($node->hour_start). ':'.check_plain($node->minute_start).' '.check_plain($node->ampm_start).'</div>'; $output .= '<div class="cssswitch-time_end">End: '. check_plain($node->hour_end). ':'.check_plain($node->minute_end).' '.check_plain($node->ampm_end).'</div>'; return $output; } thanks for any help

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  • Add not null DateTime column to SQLite without default value?

    - by acidzombie24
    It looks like i cant add a not null constraint or remove a default constraint. I would like to add a datetime column to a table and have all the values set to anything (perhaps 1970 or year 2000) but it seems like i cant use not null without a default and i cant remove a default once added in. So how can i add this column? (once again just a plain datetime not null)

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  • drupal hook_menu_alter9) for adding tabs

    - by EricP
    I want to add some tabs in the "node/%/edit" page from my module called "cssswitch". When I click "Rebuild Menus", the two new tabs are displayed, but they are displayed for ALL nodes when editing them, not just for the node "cssswitch". I want these new tabs to be displayed only when editing node of type "cssswitch". The other problem is when I clear all cache, the tabs completely dissapear from all edit pages. Below is the code I wrote. function cssswitch_menu_alter(&$items) { $node = menu_get_object(); //print_r($node); //echo $node->type; //exit(); if ($node->type == 'cssswitch') { $items['node/%/edit/schedulenew'] = array( 'title' => 'Schedule1', 'access callback'=>'user_access', 'access arguments'=>array('view cssswitch'), 'page callback' => 'cssswitch_schedule', 'page arguments' => array(1), 'type' => MENU_LOCAL_TASK, 'weight'=>4, ); $items['node/%/edit/schedulenew2'] = array( 'title' => 'Schedule2', 'access callback'=>'user_access', 'access arguments'=>array('view cssswitch'), 'page callback' => 'cssswitch_test2', 'page arguments' => array(1), 'type' => MENU_LOCAL_TASK, 'weight'=>3, ); } } function cssswitch_test(){ return 'test'; } function cssswitch_test2(){ return 'test2'; } Thanks for any help.

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  • drupal hook_menu_alter() for adding tabs

    - by EricP
    I want to add some tabs in the "node/%/edit" page from my module called "cssswitch". When I click "Rebuild Menus", the two new tabs are displayed, but they are displayed for ALL nodes when editing them, not just for the node "cssswitch". I want these new tabs to be displayed only when editing node of type "cssswitch". The other problem is when I clear all cache, the tabs completely dissapear from all edit pages. Below is the code I wrote. function cssswitch_menu_alter(&$items) { $node = menu_get_object(); //print_r($node); //echo $node->type; //exit(); if ($node->type == 'cssswitch') { $items['node/%/edit/schedulenew'] = array( 'title' => 'Schedule1', 'access callback'=>'user_access', 'access arguments'=>array('view cssswitch'), 'page callback' => 'cssswitch_schedule', 'page arguments' => array(1), 'type' => MENU_LOCAL_TASK, 'weight'=>4, ); $items['node/%/edit/schedulenew2'] = array( 'title' => 'Schedule2', 'access callback'=>'user_access', 'access arguments'=>array('view cssswitch'), 'page callback' => 'cssswitch_test2', 'page arguments' => array(1), 'type' => MENU_LOCAL_TASK, 'weight'=>3, ); } } function cssswitch_test(){ return 'test'; } function cssswitch_test2(){ return 'test2'; } Thanks for any help.

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  • Drupal questions - customizing form_altered modules

    - by bert
    This week I have figured out how to modify form elements in the location module using form_alter and the custom element hook_elements() see: see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2637052/need-some-tips-on-drupal-form-value I was able to to hide elements using unset eg: unset($element['locpick']['user_latitude']); Also added css with drupal_add_css to hide unwanted groups, and change margins, borders & padding However, I have a few questions - how can I add additional text header between fields? - how can I change input field length? - is it possible to move fields around or put them in a table? reference: http://tinyurl.com/y6ugwtd

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  • Altering sql tables based on condition

    - by Parker
    Is there any possible way to add a row of data to only some of the tables in a database? I am not sure what parameter I could use amongst the tables to compare them to each other. Any Ideas? For Example: My database has tables that are (let's say) group A tables, and tables that are group B. I want to add a row to only the group B tables while leaving the group A tables untouched. Sorry I should have been a bit more specific. The tables that need to have a row added will change. My application monitors inventory in different store locations(each table in my database represents a store). When I need to add an item to inventory(the items are rows in the tables) I don't want to have to manually add the row to all the store tables. My problem is: Not all the tables in the database represent stores. For instance one table stores the user login data. Obviously I do not want to add the new row to this table. How do I update only the tables that represent stores?

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  • EF4 generates invalid script

    - by Jaxidian
    When I right-click in a .EDMX file and click Generate Database From Model, the resulting script is obviously wrong because of the table names. What it generates is the following script. Note the table names in the DROP TABLE part versus the CREATE TABLE part. Why is this inconsistent? This is obviously not a reusable script. What I created was an Entity named "Address" and an Entity named "Company", etc (all singular). The EntitySet names are pluralized. The "Pluralize New Objects" boolean does not change this either. So what's the deal? For what it's worth, I originally generated the EDMX by pointing it to a database that had tables with non-pluralized names and now that I've made some changes, I want to go back the other way. I'd like to have the option to go back and forth as neither the db-first nor the model-first model is ideal in all scenarios, and I have the control to ensure that there will be no merging issues from multiple people going both ways at the same time. -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Dropping existing FOREIGN KEY constraints -- NOTE: if the constraint does not exist, an ignorable error will be reported. -- -------------------------------------------------- ALTER TABLE [Address] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Address_StateID-State_ID]; GO ALTER TABLE [Company] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Company_AddressID-Address_ID]; GO ALTER TABLE [Employee] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_BossEmployeeID-Employee_ID]; GO ALTER TABLE [Employee] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_CompanyID-Company_ID]; GO ALTER TABLE [Employee] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_PersonID-Person_ID]; GO ALTER TABLE [Person] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Person_AddressID-Address_ID]; GO -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Dropping existing tables -- NOTE: if the table does not exist, an ignorable error will be reported. -- -------------------------------------------------- DROP TABLE [Address]; GO DROP TABLE [Company]; GO DROP TABLE [Employee]; GO DROP TABLE [Person]; GO DROP TABLE [State]; GO -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Creating all tables -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Creating table 'Addresses' CREATE TABLE [Addresses] ( [ID] int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [StreetAddress] nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, [City] nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, [StateID] int NOT NULL, [Zip] nvarchar(10) NOT NULL ); GO -- Creating table 'Companies' CREATE TABLE [Companies] ( [ID] int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Name] nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, [AddressID] int NOT NULL ); GO -- Creating table 'People' CREATE TABLE [People] ( [ID] int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [FirstName] nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, [LastName] nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, [AddressID] int NOT NULL ); GO -- Creating table 'States' CREATE TABLE [States] ( [ID] int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Name] nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, [Abbreviation] nvarchar(2) NOT NULL ); GO -- Creating table 'Employees' CREATE TABLE [Employees] ( [ID] int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [PersonID] int NOT NULL, [CompanyID] int NOT NULL, [Position] nvarchar(100) NOT NULL, [BossEmployeeID] int NULL ); GO -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Creating all PRIMARY KEY constraints -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Creating primary key on [ID] in table 'Addresses' ALTER TABLE [Addresses] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Addresses] PRIMARY KEY ([ID] ); GO -- Creating primary key on [ID] in table 'Companies' ALTER TABLE [Companies] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Companies] PRIMARY KEY ([ID] ); GO -- Creating primary key on [ID] in table 'People' ALTER TABLE [People] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_People] PRIMARY KEY ([ID] ); GO -- Creating primary key on [ID] in table 'States' ALTER TABLE [States] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_States] PRIMARY KEY ([ID] ); GO -- Creating primary key on [ID] in table 'Employees' ALTER TABLE [Employees] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Employees] PRIMARY KEY ([ID] ); GO -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Creating all FOREIGN KEY constraints -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Creating foreign key on [StateID] in table 'Addresses' ALTER TABLE [Addresses] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Address_StateID_State_ID] FOREIGN KEY ([StateID]) REFERENCES [States] ([ID]) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- Creating non-clustered index for FOREIGN KEY 'FK_Address_StateID_State_ID' CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_Address_StateID_State_ID] ON [Addresses] ([StateID]); GO -- Creating foreign key on [AddressID] in table 'Companies' ALTER TABLE [Companies] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Company_AddressID_Address_ID] FOREIGN KEY ([AddressID]) REFERENCES [Addresses] ([ID]) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- Creating non-clustered index for FOREIGN KEY 'FK_Company_AddressID_Address_ID' CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_Company_AddressID_Address_ID] ON [Companies] ([AddressID]); GO -- Creating foreign key on [AddressID] in table 'People' ALTER TABLE [People] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Person_AddressID_Address_ID] FOREIGN KEY ([AddressID]) REFERENCES [Addresses] ([ID]) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- Creating non-clustered index for FOREIGN KEY 'FK_Person_AddressID_Address_ID' CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_Person_AddressID_Address_ID] ON [People] ([AddressID]); GO -- Creating foreign key on [CompanyID] in table 'Employees' ALTER TABLE [Employees] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_CompanyID_Company_ID] FOREIGN KEY ([CompanyID]) REFERENCES [Companies] ([ID]) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- Creating non-clustered index for FOREIGN KEY 'FK_Employee_CompanyID_Company_ID' CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_Employee_CompanyID_Company_ID] ON [Employees] ([CompanyID]); GO -- Creating foreign key on [BossEmployeeID] in table 'Employees' ALTER TABLE [Employees] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_BossEmployeeID_Employee_ID] FOREIGN KEY ([BossEmployeeID]) REFERENCES [Employees] ([ID]) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- Creating non-clustered index for FOREIGN KEY 'FK_Employee_BossEmployeeID_Employee_ID' CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_Employee_BossEmployeeID_Employee_ID] ON [Employees] ([BossEmployeeID]); GO -- Creating foreign key on [PersonID] in table 'Employees' ALTER TABLE [Employees] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_PersonID_Person_ID] FOREIGN KEY ([PersonID]) REFERENCES [People] ([ID]) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; -- Creating non-clustered index for FOREIGN KEY 'FK_Employee_PersonID_Person_ID' CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_Employee_PersonID_Person_ID] ON [Employees] ([PersonID]); GO -- -------------------------------------------------- -- Script has ended -- --------------------------------------------------

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  • MySQL "ERROR 1005 (HY000): Can't create table 'foo.#sql-12c_4' (errno: 150)"

    - by Ankur Banerjee
    Hi, I was working on creating some tables in database foo, but every time I end up with errno 150 regarding the foreign key. Firstly, here's my code for creating tables: CREATE TABLE Clients ( client_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , client_name CHAR(50) NOT NULL , provisional_license_num CHAR(50) NOT NULL , client_address CHAR(50) NULL , client_city CHAR(50) NULL , client_county CHAR(50) NULL , client_zip CHAR(10) NULL , client_phone INT NULL , client_email CHAR(255) NULL , client_dob DATETIME NULL , test_attempts INT NULL ); CREATE TABLE Applications ( application_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , office_id INT NOT NULL , client_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , instructor_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , car_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , application_date DATETIME NULL ); CREATE TABLE Instructors ( instructor_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , office_id INT NOT NULL , instructor_name CHAR(50) NOT NULL , instructor_address CHAR(50) NULL , instructor_city CHAR(50) NULL , instructor_county CHAR(50) NULL , instructor_zip CHAR(10) NULL , instructor_phone INT NULL , instructor_email CHAR(255) NULL , instructor_dob DATETIME NULL , lessons_given INT NULL ); CREATE TABLE Cars ( car_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , office_id INT NOT NULL , engine_serial_num CHAR(10) NULL , registration_num CHAR(10) NULL , car_make CHAR(50) NULL , car_model CHAR(50) NULL ); CREATE TABLE Offices ( office_id INT NOT NULL , office_address CHAR(50) NULL , office_city CHAR(50) NULL , office_County CHAR(50) NULL , office_zip CHAR(10) NULL , office_phone INT NULL , office_email CHAR(255) NULL ); CREATE TABLE Lessons ( lesson_num INT NOT NULL , client_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , date DATETIME NOT NULL , time DATETIME NOT NULL , milegage_used DECIMAL(5, 2) NULL , progress CHAR(50) NULL ); CREATE TABLE DrivingTests ( test_num INT NOT NULL , client_id CHAR(10) NOT NULL , test_date DATETIME NOT NULL , seat_num INT NOT NULL , score INT NULL , test_notes CHAR(255) NULL ); ALTER TABLE Clients ADD PRIMARY KEY (client_id); ALTER TABLE Applications ADD PRIMARY KEY (application_id); ALTER TABLE Instructors ADD PRIMARY KEY (instructor_id); ALTER TABLE Offices ADD PRIMARY KEY (office_id); ALTER TABLE Lessons ADD PRIMARY KEY (lesson_num); ALTER TABLE DrivingTests ADD PRIMARY KEY (test_num); ALTER TABLE Applications ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Applications_Offices FOREIGN KEY (office_id) REFERENCES Offices (office_id); ALTER TABLE Applications ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Applications_Clients FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES Clients (client_id); ALTER TABLE Applications ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Applications_Instructors FOREIGN KEY (instructor_id) REFERENCES Instructors (instructor_id); ALTER TABLE Applications ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Applications_Cars FOREIGN KEY (car_id) REFERENCES Cars (car_id); ALTER TABLE Lessons ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Lessons_Clients FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES Clients (client_id); ALTER TABLE Cars ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Cars_Offices FOREIGN KEY (office_id) REFERENCES Offices (office_id); ALTER TABLE Clients ADD CONSTRAINT FK_DrivingTests_Clients FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES Clients (client_id); These are the errors that I get: mysql> ALTER TABLE Applications ADD CONSTRAINT FK_Applications_Cars FOREIGN KEY (car_id) REFERENCES Cars (car_id); ERROR 1005 (HY000): Can't create table 'foo.#sql-12c_4' (errno: 150) I ran SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS which gives a more detailed error description: ------------------------ LATEST FOREIGN KEY ERROR ------------------------ 100509 20:59:49 Error in foreign key constraint of table practice9/#sql-12c_4: FOREIGN KEY (car_id) REFERENCES Cars (car_id): Cannot find an index in the referenced table where the referenced columns appear as the first columns, or column types in the table and the referenced table do not match for constraint. Note that the internal storage type of ENUM and SET changed in tables created with >= InnoDB-4.1.12, and such columns in old tables cannot be referenced by such columns in new tables. See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/innodb-foreign-key-constraints.html for correct foreign key definition. ------------ I searched around on StackOverflow and elsewhere online - came across a helpful blog post here with pointers on how to resolve this error - but I can't figure out what's going wrong. Any help would be appreciated!

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  • Alter a function as a parameter before evaluating it?

    - by Shane
    Is there any way, given a function passed as a parameter, to alter its input parameter string before evaluating it? Here's pseudo-code for what I'm hoping to achieve: test.func <- function(a, b) { # here I want to alter the b expression before evaluating it: b(..., val1=a) } Given the function call passed to b, I want to add in a as another parameter without needing to always specify ... in the b call. So the output from this test.func call should be: test.func(a="a", b=paste(1, 2)) "1" "2" "a"

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  • SQL Alter Table to Add a Column, does it do anything "scary"?

    - by Pselus
    I need to add a column to an existing table in my live sql database. I know how to use the ALTER command, but what I want to know is the effect this has on the table. For example,, if using SQL Management Studio, it claims that adding a column will "drop and recreate" the table. Will the ALTER table command do that as well? This table is CONSTANTLY accessed and VERY important so I want to make VERY sure of this before going forward.

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  • Alter Dilemma : How to use to set Primary and other attributes.

    - by Rachel
    I have following table in database AND I need to alter it to below mentioned schema. Initially I was drop the current database and creating new one using the create but I am not supposed to do that and use ALTER but am not sure as to how can I use ALTER to add primary key and other constraints. Any Suggestions !!! Code Current: CREATE TABLE `details` ( `KEY` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `CODE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `C_ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `C_CODE` varchar(64) NOT NULL, `CCODE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `TCODE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `LCODE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `CAMCODE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `OFCODE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `OFNAME` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `PRIORITY` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `STDATE` datetime NOT NULL, `ENDATE` datetime NOT NULL, `INT` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `PHONE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `TV` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `MTV` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `TYPE` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `CREATED` datetime NOT NULL, `MAIN` varchar(255) NOT NULL ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; Desired: CREATE TABLE `details` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `code` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `cid` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `ccode` varchar(64) NOT NULL, `c_code` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `tcode` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `lcode` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `camcode` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `ofcode` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `ofname` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `priority` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `stdate` datetime NOT NULL, `enddate` datetime NOT NULL, `list` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `created` datetime NOT NULL, `date` datetime NOT NULL, `ofshn` int(20) NOT NULL, `ofcl` int(20) NOT NULL, `ofr` int(20) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`code`,`ccode`,`list`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; Thanks !!!

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  • Is it necessary to mysql real escape when using alter table?

    - by cgwebprojects
    I noticed the other day that I cannot bind variables when using PDO with ALTER TABLE for example the following example will not work, $q = $dbc -> prepare("ALTER TABLE emblems ADD ? TINYINT(1) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', ADD ? DATETIME NOT NULL"); $q -> execute(array($emblemDB, $emblemDB . 'Date')); So is it necessary to use mysql_real_escape string and do it like below, // ESCAPE NAME FOR MYSQL INSERTION $emblemDB = mysql_real_escape_string($emblemDB); // INSERT EMBLEM DETAILS INTO DATABASE $q = $dbc -> prepare("ALTER TABLE emblems ADD " . $emblemDB . " TINYINT(1) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', ADD " . $emblemDB . "Date DATETIME NOT NULL"); $q -> execute(); Or do I not need to add in mysql_real_escape_string? As the only thing the query can do is ADD columns? Thanks

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  • Alter a function as a parameter before evaluating it in R?

    - by Shane
    Is there any way, given a function passed as a parameter, to alter its input parameter string before evaluating it? Here's pseudo-code for what I'm hoping to achieve: test.func <- function(a, b) { # here I want to alter the b expression before evaluating it: b(..., val1=a) } Given the function call passed to b, I want to add in a as another parameter without needing to always specify ... in the b call. So the output from this test.func call should be: test.func(a="a", b=paste(1, 2)) "1" "2" "a" Edit: Another way I could see doing something like this would be if I could assign the additional parameter within the scope of the parent function (again, as pseudo-code); in this case a would be within the scope of t1 and hence t2, but not globally assigned: t2 <- function(...) { paste(a=a, ...) } t1 <- function(a, b) { local( { a <<- a; b } ) } t1(a="a", b=t2(1, 2)) This is somewhat akin to currying in that I'm nesting the parameter within the function itself. Edit 2: Just to add one more comment to this: I realize that one related approach could be to use "prototype-based programming" such that things would be inherited (which could be achieved with the proto package). But I was hoping for a easier way to simply alter the input parameters before evaluating in R.

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  • How do I alter/customize the GRUB boot menu for Ubuntu 12.10?

    - by Kyle Payne
    I use a shared computer, so I need to make it user friendly for my-less-than-computer-knowledgable friend currently have Ubuntu 12.10 installed I would like to change the GRUB menu so that Windows 7 is at the top of the list (thus allowing the automatic timeout to automatically select it on startup) and Ubuntu down below I've already used the information used at { How do I change the grub boot order? } and that didn't work.

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  • Do all mods simply alter game files? [on hold]

    - by Starkers
    When you install some mods you drag certain files into your game directory and replace the files. Other mods, though, come with an installer where you can set parameters first. Does the installer then go and automatically replace the certain files? At the end of the day, is that all the installation of any mod is? Is the installation of a mod simply the replacement of certain files inside the game's root directory? Do mods exist which don't fit the above statement? That install outside the game's root? Why do they do this? All the mods I can think of do just replace certain files inside the game's root. However, I know Team Fortress was spawned from a multiplayer halflife 1 mod. Do you reckon that mod installed files outside the root to enable multiplayer via a network for a single player game? How rare are these mods? Or do they not even exist? Do even extensive mods make all their changes inside the root?

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  • extensible database design: automatic ALTER TABLE or serialize() field BLOB ?

    - by mario
    I want an adaptable database scheme. But still use a simple table data gateway in my application, where I just pass an $data[] array for storing. The basic columns are settled in the initial table scheme. There will however arise a couple of meta fields later (ca 10-20). I want some flexibility there and not adapt the database manually each time, or -worse- change the application logic just because of new fields. So now there are two options which seem workable yet not overkill. But I'm not sure about the scalability or database drawbacks. (1) Automatic ALTER TABLE. Whenever the $data array is to be saved, the keys are compared against the current database columns. New columns get defined before the $data is INSERTed into the table. Actually seems simple enough in test code: function save($data, $table="forum") { // columns if ($new_fields = array_diff(array_keys($data), known_fields($table))) { extend_schema($table, $new_fields, $data); } // save $columns = implode("`, `", array_keys($data)); $qm = str_repeat(",?", count(array_keys($data)) - 1); echo ("INSERT INTO `$table` (`$columns`) VALUES (?$qm);"); function known_fields($table) { return unserialize(@file_get_contents("db:$table")) ?: array("id"); function extend_schema($table, $new_fields, $data) { foreach ($new_fields as $field) { echo("ALTER TABLE `$table` ADD COLUMN `$field` VARCHAR;"); Since it is mostly meta information fields, adding them just as VARCHAR seems sufficient. Nobody will query by them anyway. So the database is really just used as storage here. However, while I might want to add a lot of new $data fields on the go, they will not always be populated. (2) serialize() fields into BLOB. Any new/extraneous meta fields could be opaque to the database. Simply sorting out the virtual fields from the real database columns is simple. And the meta fields can just be serialize()d into a blob/text field then: function ext_save($data, $table="forum") { $db_fields = array("id", "content", "flags", "ext"); // disjoin foreach (array_diff(array_keys($data),$db_fields) as $key) { $data["ext"][$key] = $data[$key]; unset($data[$key]); } $data["ext"] = serialize($data["ext"]); Unserializing and unpacking this 'ext' column on read queries is a minor overhead. The advantage is that there won't be any sparsely filled columns in the database, so I guess it's compacter and faster than the AUTO ALTER TABLE approach. Of course, this method prevents ever using one of the new fields in a WHERE or GROUP BY clause. But I think none of the possible meta fields (user_agent, author_ip, author_img, votes, hits, last_modified, ..) would/should ever be used there anyway. So I currently prefer the 'ext' blob approach, even if it's a one-way ticket. How are such columns called usually? (looking for examples/doc) Would you use XML serialization for (very theoretical) in-database queries? The adapting table scheme seems a "cleaner" interface, even if most columns might remain empty then. How does that impact speed? How many such sparse VARCHAR fields can MySQL/innodb stomach? But most importantly: Is there any standard implementation for this? A pseudo ORM with automatic ALTER TABLE tricks? Storing a simple column list seems workable, but something like pdo::getColumnMeta would be more robust.

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  • If a table has two xml columns, will inserting records be a lot slower?

    - by Lieven Cardoen
    Is it a bad thing to have two xml columns in one table? + How much slower are these xml columns in terms of updating/inserting/reading data? In profiler this kind of insert normally takes 0 ms, but sometimes it goes up to 160ms: declare @p8 xml set @p8=convert(xml,N'<interactions><interaction correct="false" score="0" id="0" gapid="0" x="61" y="225"><feedback/><element id="0" position="0" elementtype="1"><asset/></element></interaction><interaction correct="false" score="0" id="1" gapid="1" x="64" y="250"><feedback/><element id="0" position="0" elementtype="1"><asset/></element></interaction><interaction correct="false" score="0" id="2" gapid="2" x="131" y="250"><feedback/><element id="0" position="0" elementtype="1"><asset/></element></interaction></interactions>') declare @p14 xml set @p14=convert(xml,N'<contentinteractions/>') exec sp_executesql N'INSERT INTO [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes]([dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[PackageSessionId], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[TreeNodeId],[dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[Duration], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[Score],[dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ScoreMax], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[Interactions],[dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[BrainTeaser], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[DateCreated], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[CompletionStatus], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ReducedScore], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ReducedScoreMax], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ContentInteractions]) VALUES (@ins_dboPackageSessionNodesPackageSessionId, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesTreeNodeId, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesDuration, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesScore, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesScoreMax, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesInteractions, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesBrainTeaser, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesDateCreated, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesCompletionStatus, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesReducedScore, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesReducedScoreMax, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesContentInteractions) ; SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() as new_id This is the table: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes]( [PackageSessionNodeId] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [PackageSessionId] [int] NOT NULL, [TreeNodeId] [int] NOT NULL, [Duration] [int] NULL, [Score] [float] NOT NULL, [ScoreMax] [float] NOT NULL, [Interactions] [xml] NOT NULL, [BrainTeaser] [bit] NOT NULL, [DateCreated] [datetime] NULL, [CompletionStatus] [int] NOT NULL, [ReducedScore] [float] NOT NULL, [ReducedScoreMax] [float] NOT NULL, [ContentInteractions] [xml] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_PackageSessionNodes] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [PackageSessionNodeId] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_PackageSessions] FOREIGN KEY([PackageSessionId]) REFERENCES [dbo].[PackageSessions] ([PackageSessionId]) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_PackageSessions] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_TreeNodes] FOREIGN KEY([TreeNodeId]) REFERENCES [dbo].[TreeNodes] ([TreeNodeId]) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_TreeNodes] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_Score] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [Score] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_ScoreMax] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [ScoreMax] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_DateCreated] DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [DateCreated] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_ReducedScore] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [ReducedScore] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_ReducedScoreMax] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [ReducedScoreMax] GO

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  • Cannot disable index during PL/SQL procedure

    - by nw
    I've written a PL/SQL procedure that would benefit if indexes were first disabled, then rebuilt upon completion. An existing thread suggests this approach: alter session set skip_unusable_indexes = true; alter index your_index unusable; [do import] alter index your_index rebuild; However, I get the following error on the first alter index statement: SQL Error: ORA-14048: a partition maintenance operation may not be combined with other operations ORA-06512: [...] 14048. 00000 - "a partition maintenance operation may not be combined with other operations" *Cause: ALTER TABLE or ALTER INDEX statement attempted to combine a partition maintenance operation (e.g. MOVE PARTITION) with some other operation (e.g. ADD PARTITION or PCTFREE which is illegal *Action: Ensure that a partition maintenance operation is the sole operation specified in ALTER TABLE or ALTER INDEX statement; operations other than those dealing with partitions, default attributes of partitioned tables/indices or specifying that a table be renamed (ALTER TABLE RENAME) may be combined at will The problem index is defined so: CREATE INDEX A11_IX1 ON STREETS ("SHAPE") INDEXTYPE IS "SDE"."ST_SPATIAL_INDEX" PARAMETERS ('ST_GRIDS=890,8010,72090 ST_SRID=2'); This is a custom index type from a 3rd-party vendor, and it causes chronic performance degradation during high-volume update/insert/delete operations. Any suggestions on how to work around this error? By the way, this error only occurs within a PL/SQL block.

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  • Mysql - Help me alter this search query involving multiple joins and conditions to get the desired r

    - by sandeepan-nath
    About the system - We are following tags based search. Tutors create packs - tag relations for tutors stored in tutors_tag_relations and those for packs stored in learning_packs_tag_relations. All tags are stored in tags table. The system has 6 tables - tutors, Users (linked to tutor_details), learning_packs, learning_packs_tag_relations, tutors_tag_relations and tags Please run the following fresh queries to setup the system :- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS learning_packs_tag_relations ( id_tag int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', id_tutor int(10) DEFAULT NULL, id_lp int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL, KEY Learning_Packs_Tag_Relations_FKIndex1 (id_tag), KEY id_lp (id_lp), KEY id_tag (id_tag) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS learning_packs ( id_lp int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, id_status int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '2', id_author int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', name varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', PRIMARY KEY (id_lp) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=21 ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tutors_tag_relations ( id_tag int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', id_tutor int(10) DEFAULT NULL, KEY Tutors_Tag_Relations (id_tag), KEY id_tutor (id_tutor), KEY id_tag (id_tag) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users ( id_user int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', surname varchar(155) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', PRIMARY KEY (id_user) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=52 ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tutor_details ( id_tutor int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, id_user int(10) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id_tutor) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=60 ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tags ( id_tag int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, tag varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id_tag), UNIQUE KEY tag (tag) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=5 ; ALTER TABLE learning_packs_tag_relations ADD CONSTRAINT Learning_Packs_Tag_Relations_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (id_tag) REFERENCES tags (id_tag) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; ALTER TABLE learning_packs ADD CONSTRAINT Learning_Packs_ibfk_2 FOREIGN KEY (id_author) REFERENCES users (id_user) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; ALTER TABLE tutors_tag_relations ADD CONSTRAINT Tutors_Tag_Relations_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (id_tag) REFERENCES tags (id_tag) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; INSERT INTO test.users ( id_user , name , surname ) VALUES ( NULL , 'Vivian', 'Richards' ), ( NULL , 'Sachin', 'Tendulkar' ); INSERT INTO test.users ( id_user , name , surname ) VALUES ( NULL , 'Don', 'Bradman' ); INSERT INTO test.tutor_details ( id_tutor , id_user ) VALUES ( NULL , '52' ), ( NULL , '53' ); INSERT INTO test.tutor_details ( id_tutor , id_user ) VALUES ( NULL , '54' ); INSERT INTO test.tags ( id_tag , tag ) VALUES ( 1 , 'Vivian' ), ( 2 , 'Richards' ); INSERT INTO test.tags (id_tag, tag) VALUES (3, 'Sachin'), (4, 'Tendulkar'); INSERT INTO test.tags (id_tag, tag) VALUES (5, 'Don'), (6, 'Bradman'); INSERT INTO test.learning_packs (id_lp, id_status, id_author, name) VALUES ('1', '1', '52', 'Cricket 1'), ('2', '2', '52', 'Cricket 2'); INSERT INTO test.tags (id_tag, tag) VALUES ('7', 'Cricket'), ('8', '1'); INSERT INTO test.tags (id_tag, tag) VALUES ('9', '2'); INSERT INTO test.learning_packs_tag_relations (id_tag, id_tutor, id_lp) VALUES ('7', '52', '1'), ('8', '52', '1'); INSERT INTO test.learning_packs_tag_relations (id_tag, id_tutor, id_lp) VALUES ('7', '52', '2'), ('9', '52', '2'); =================================================================================== Requirement Now I want to search learning_packs, with the same AND logic. Help me modify the following query so that searching pack name or tutor's name, surname results all active packs (either directly those packs or packs created by those tutors). ================================================================================== select lp.* from Learning_Packs AS lp LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs_Tag_Relations AS lptagrels ON lp.id_lp = lptagrels.id_lp LEFT JOIN Tutors_Tag_Relations as ttagrels ON lp.id_author = ttagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN Tutor_Details AS td ON ttagrels.id_tutor = td.id_tutor LEFT JOIN Users as u on td.id_user = u.id_user JOIN Tags as t on (t.id_tag = lptagrels.id_tag) or (t.id_tag = ttagrels.id_tag) where lp.id_status = 1 AND ( t.tag LIKE "%Vivian%" OR t.tag LIKE "%Richards%" ) group by lp.id_lp HAVING count(lp.id_lp) 1 limit 0,20 As you can see, searching "Cricket 1" returns that pack but searching Vivian Richards does not return the same pack. Please help

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  • MySQL Privileges required to GRANT EVENT, EXECUTE, LOCK TABLES, and TRIGGER

    - by Brad
    I have an account, user_a, and I would like to grant all available permissions on some_db to user_b. I have tried the following query: GRANT ALTER, ALTER ROUTINE, CREATE, CREATE ROUTINE, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, CREATE VIEW, DELETE, DROP, EVENT, EXECUTE, INDEX, INSERT, LOCK TABLES, REFERENCES, SELECT, SHOW VIEW, TRIGGER, UPDATE ON `some_db`.* TO 'user_b'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION The result: Access denied for user 'user_a'@'%' to database 'some_db' Some experimentation has shown me that the only permissions my account (user_a) is unable to grant are EVENT, EXECUTE, LOCK TABLES, and TRIGGER. What privileges are required for my account to GRANT these privileges to another user? If I run SHOW GRANTS, I get this output: "GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, SHOW DATABASES, SUPER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, CREATE USER ON *.* TO 'user_a'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '1234567890abcdef' WITH GRANT OPTION" "GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, EXECUTE ON `some_other_unrelated_db`.* TO 'user_a'@'%'" "GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES, EXECUTE, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE ON `another_unrelated_db`.* TO 'user_a'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION"

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