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  • C# 4.0: Named And Optional Arguments

    - by Paulo Morgado
    As part of the co-evolution effort of C# and Visual Basic, C# 4.0 introduces Named and Optional Arguments. First of all, let’s clarify what are arguments and parameters: Method definition parameters are the input variables of the method. Method call arguments are the values provided to the method parameters. In fact, the C# Language Specification states the following on §7.5: The argument list (§7.5.1) of a function member invocation provides actual values or variable references for the parameters of the function member. Given the above definitions, we can state that: Parameters have always been named and still are. Parameters have never been optional and still aren’t. Named Arguments Until now, the way the C# compiler matched method call definition arguments with method parameters was by position. The first argument provides the value for the first parameter, the second argument provides the value for the second parameter, and so on and so on, regardless of the name of the parameters. If a parameter was missing a corresponding argument to provide its value, the compiler would emit a compilation error. For this call: Greeting("Mr.", "Morgado", 42); this method: public void Greeting(string title, string name, int age) will receive as parameters: title: “Mr.” name: “Morgado” age: 42 What this new feature allows is to use the names of the parameters to identify the corresponding arguments in the form: name:value Not all arguments in the argument list must be named. However, all named arguments must be at the end of the argument list. The matching between arguments (and the evaluation of its value) and parameters will be done first by name for the named arguments and than by position for the unnamed arguments. This means that, for this method definition: public static void Method(int first, int second, int third) this call declaration: int i = 0; Method(i, third: i++, second: ++i); will have this code generated by the compiler: int i = 0; int CS$0$0000 = i++; int CS$0$0001 = ++i; Method(i, CS$0$0001, CS$0$0000); which will give the method the following parameter values: first: 2 second: 2 third: 0 Notice the variable names. Although invalid being invalid C# identifiers, they are valid .NET identifiers and thus avoiding collision between user written and compiler generated code. Besides allowing to re-order of the argument list, this feature is very useful for auto-documenting the code, for example, when the argument list is very long or not clear, from the call site, what the arguments are. Optional Arguments Parameters can now have default values: public static void Method(int first, int second = 2, int third = 3) Parameters with default values must be the last in the parameter list and its value is used as the value of the parameter if the corresponding argument is missing from the method call declaration. For this call declaration: int i = 0; Method(i, third: ++i); will have this code generated by the compiler: int i = 0; int CS$0$0000 = ++i; Method(i, 2, CS$0$0000); which will give the method the following parameter values: first: 1 second: 2 third: 1 Because, when method parameters have default values, arguments can be omitted from the call declaration, this might seem like method overloading or a good replacement for it, but it isn’t. Although methods like this: public static StreamReader OpenTextFile( string path, Encoding encoding = null, bool detectEncoding = true, int bufferSize = 1024) allow to have its calls written like this: OpenTextFile("foo.txt", Encoding.UTF8); OpenTextFile("foo.txt", Encoding.UTF8, bufferSize: 4096); OpenTextFile( bufferSize: 4096, path: "foo.txt", detectEncoding: false); The complier handles default values like constant fields taking the value and useing it instead of a reference to the value. So, like with constant fields, methods with parameters with default values are exposed publicly (and remember that internal members might be publicly accessible – InternalsVisibleToAttribute). If such methods are publicly accessible and used by another assembly, those values will be hard coded in the calling code and, if the called assembly has its default values changed, they won’t be assumed by already compiled code. At the first glance, I though that using optional arguments for “bad” written code was great, but the ability to write code like that was just pure evil. But than I realized that, since I use private constant fields, it’s OK to use default parameter values on privately accessed methods.

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  • Initialized variables vs named constants

    - by Mike
    I'm working on a fundamental programming class in college and our textbook is "programming logic and design" by joyce farrell(spelling?) Anyhow, I'm struggling conceptually when it comes to initialized variables and named constants. Our class is focusing on pseudo-code for the time being and not one particular language so let me illustrate what I'm talking about. Let's say I am declaring a variable named "myVar" and the data type is numeric: num myVar now I want to initialize it (I don't understand this concept) starting with the number 5 num myVar = 5 how is that any different than creating a named constant?

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  • rel="nofollow" SEO impact

    - by Torez
    I saw a technique used where there was a block with three parts: 1. Image (wrapped in an anchor tag) 2. Heading (anchor tag with heading text) 3. Paragraph (regular p tag with synopsis content) e.g. <li class="block"> <a rel="nofollow" class="thumb" href="#"><img src="images/placeholder_service_thumbnail.jpg" alt="" /></a> <a class="h3" href="#"Good SEO Heading</a> <pPellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Vestibulum tortor quam, feugiat vitae, ultricies eget, tempor sit amet, ante. Donec eu...</p> </li> With the image tag there was a rel="nofollow" on the wrapped anchor tag. So the idea is that the users still has the ability to click the image and go to the details page, but the image link does not rank. When users click on the heading text, that is only what ranks for that specific page. Q: Is this the correct approach? Does this even do anything? What is the best practice?

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  • Strip anchors down to their contents, only if the anchor's URL contains...

    - by Tony
    Hi, Does anyone know a regex function in PHP to strip an anchor of it's contents, only if the anchor's href attribute contains specific text? For example, I have an HTML page and there are links throughout. But I want to strip only the anchors that contain "yahoo" in the URL. So <a href="http://pages.yahoo.com/page1">Example page</a> would become: Example, while other anchors in the HTML not containing "yahoo" would be left alone. Thank you in advance. -T

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  • Linux C: "Interactive session" with separate read and write named pipes?

    - by ~sd-imi
    Hi all, I am trying to work with "Introduction to Interprocess Communication Using Named Pipes - Full-Duplex Communication Using Named Pipes", http://developers.sun.com/solaris/articles/named_pipes.html#5 ; in particular fd_server.c (included below for reference) Here is my info and compile line: :~$ cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 10.04 LTS \n \l :~$ gcc --version gcc (Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5) 4.4.3 :~$ gcc fd_server.c -o fd_server fd_server.c creates two named pipes, one for reading and one for writing. What one can do, is: in one terminal, run the server and read (through cat) its write pipe: :~$ ./fd_server & 2/dev/null [1] 11354 :~$ cat /tmp/np2 and in another, write (using echo) to server's read pipe: :~$ echo "heeellloooo" /tmp/np1 going back to first terminal, one can see: :~$ cat /tmp/np2 HEEELLLOOOO 0[1]+ Exit 13 ./fd_server 2 /dev/null What I would like to do, is make sort of a "interactive" (or "shell"-like) session; that is, the server is run as usual, but instead of running "cat" and "echo", I'd like to use something akin to screen. What I mean by that, is that screen can be called like screen /dev/ttyS0 38400, and then it makes a sort of a interactive session, where what is typed in terminal is passed to /dev/ttyS0, and its response is written to terminal. Now, of course, I cannot use screen, because in my case the program has two separate nodes, and as far as I can tell, screen can refer to only one. How would one go about to achieve this sort of "interactive" session in this context (with two separate read/write pipes)? Thanks, Cheers! Code below: #include <stdio.h> #include <errno.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> //#include <fullduplex.h> /* For name of the named-pipe */ #define NP1 "/tmp/np1" #define NP2 "/tmp/np2" #define MAX_BUF_SIZE 255 #include <stdlib.h> //exit #include <string.h> //strlen int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int rdfd, wrfd, ret_val, count, numread; char buf[MAX_BUF_SIZE]; /* Create the first named - pipe */ ret_val = mkfifo(NP1, 0666); if ((ret_val == -1) && (errno != EEXIST)) { perror("Error creating the named pipe"); exit (1); } ret_val = mkfifo(NP2, 0666); if ((ret_val == -1) && (errno != EEXIST)) { perror("Error creating the named pipe"); exit (1); } /* Open the first named pipe for reading */ rdfd = open(NP1, O_RDONLY); /* Open the second named pipe for writing */ wrfd = open(NP2, O_WRONLY); /* Read from the first pipe */ numread = read(rdfd, buf, MAX_BUF_SIZE); buf[numread] = '0'; fprintf(stderr, "Full Duplex Server : Read From the pipe : %sn", buf); /* Convert to the string to upper case */ count = 0; while (count < numread) { buf[count] = toupper(buf[count]); count++; } /* * Write the converted string back to the second * pipe */ write(wrfd, buf, strlen(buf)); } Edit: Right, just to clarify - it seems I found a document discussing something very similar, it is http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Serial_Programming/Serial_Linux#Configuration_with_stty - a modification of the script there ("For example, the following script configures the device and starts a background process for copying all received data from the serial device to standard output...") for the above program is below: # stty raw # ( ./fd_server 2>/dev/null; )& bgPidS=$! ( cat < /tmp/np2 ; )& bgPid=$! # Read commands from user, send them to device echo $(kill -0 $bgPidS 2>/dev/null ; echo $?) while [ "$(kill -0 $bgPidS 2>/dev/null ; echo $?)" -eq "0" ] && read cmd; do # redirect debug msgs to stderr, as here we're redirected to /tmp/np1 echo "$? - $bgPidS - $bgPid" >&2 echo "$cmd" echo -e "\nproc: $(kill -0 $bgPidS 2>/dev/null ; echo $?)" >&2 done >/tmp/np1 echo OUT # Terminate background read process - if they still exist if [ "$(kill -0 $bgPid 2>/dev/null ; echo $?)" -eq "0" ] ; then kill $bgPid fi if [ "$(kill -0 $bgPidS 2>/dev/null ; echo $?)" -eq "0" ] ; then kill $bgPidS fi # stty cooked So, saving the script as say starter.sh and calling it, results with the following session: $ ./starter.sh 0 i'm typing here and pressing [enter] at end 0 - 13496 - 13497 I'M TYPING HERE AND PRESSING [ENTER] AT END 0~?.N=?(?~? ?????}????@??????~? [garble] proc: 0 OUT which is what I'd call for "interactive session" (ignoring the debug statements) - server waits for me to enter a command; it gives its output after it receives a command (and as in this case it exits after first command, so does the starter script as well). Except that, I'd like to not have buffered input, but sent character by character (meaning the above session should exit after first key press, and print out a single letter only - which is what I expected stty raw would help with, but it doesn't: it just kills reaction to both Enter and Ctrl-C :) ) I was just wandering if there already is an existing command (akin to screen in respect to serial devices, I guess) that would accept two such named pipes as arguments, and establish a "terminal" or "shell" like session through them; or would I have to use scripts as above and/or program own 'client' that will behave as a terminal..

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  • E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) seems to be choking on kde-runtime-data version issue

    - by BMT
    12.04 LTS, on a dell mini 10. Install stable until about a week ago. Updated about 1x a week, sometimes more often. Several days ago, I booted up and the system was no longer working correctly. All these symptoms occurred simultaneously: Cannot run (exit on opening, every time): Update manager, software center, ubuntuOne, libreOffice. Vinagre autostarts on boot, no explanation, not set to startup with Ubuntu. Using apt-get to fix install results in the following: maura@pandora:~$ sudo apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required: libtelepathy-farstream2 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: gwibber gwibber-service kde-runtime-data software-center Suggested packages: gwibber-service-flickr gwibber-service-digg gwibber-service-statusnet gwibber-service-foursquare gwibber-service-friendfeed gwibber-service-pingfm gwibber-service-qaiku unity-lens-gwibber The following packages will be upgraded: gwibber gwibber-service kde-runtime-data software-center 4 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 39 not upgraded. 20 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/5,682 kB of archives. After this operation, 177 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? debconf: Perl may be unconfigured (Can't locate Scalar/Util.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.14.2 /usr/local/share/perl/5.14.2 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.14 /usr/share/perl/5.14 /usr/local/lib/site_perl .) at /usr/lib/perl/5.14/Hash/Util.pm line 9. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/lib/perl/5.14/Hash/Util.pm line 9. Compilation failed in require at /usr/share/perl/5.14/fields.pm line 122. Compilation failed in require at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Log.pm line 10. Compilation failed in require at (eval 1) line 4. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at (eval 1) line 4. ) -- aborting (Reading database ... 242672 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace gwibber 3.4.1-0ubuntu1 (using .../gwibber_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace gwibber-service 3.4.1-0ubuntu1 (using .../gwibber-service_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber-service_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_all.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace kde-runtime-data 4:4.8.3-0ubuntu0.1 (using .../kde-runtime-data_4%3a4.8.4-0ubuntu0.1_all.deb) ... Unpacking replacement kde-runtime-data ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-runtime-data_4%3a4.8.4-0ubuntu0.1_all.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/share/sounds', which is also in package sound-theme-freedesktop 0.7.pristine-2 dpkg-deb (subprocess): subprocess data was killed by signal (Broken pipe) dpkg-deb: error: subprocess <decompress> returned error exit status 2 Preparing to replace python-crypto 2.4.1-1 (using .../python-crypto_2.4.1-1_i386.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/python-crypto_2.4.1-1_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace software-center 5.2.2.2 (using .../software-center_5.2.4_all.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/software-center_5.2.4_all.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace xdiagnose 2.5 (using .../archives/xdiagnose_2.5_all.deb) ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 dpkg - trying script from the new package instead ... Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pyclean", line 25, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/xdiagnose_2.5_all.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Could not find platform dependent libraries <exec_prefix> Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat Original exception was: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 27, in <module> import logging ImportError: No module named logging dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/gwibber-service_3.4.2-0ubuntu1_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-runtime-data_4%3a4.8.4-0ubuntu0.1_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/python-crypto_2.4.1-1_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/software-center_5.2.4_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/xdiagnose_2.5_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) maura@pandora:~$ ^C maura@pandora:~$

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  • DNS resolution problems; dig SERVFAIL error

    - by JustinP
    I'm setting up a couple of dedicated servers, and having problems setting up my nameservers properly. One of these is a LEMP server (LAMP with nginx in place of Apache), and the other will function solely as an email server, running exim/dovecot/ASSP antispam (no Apache). The LEMP server is CentOS 5.5, with no control panel, while the email server is CentOS 5.5 as well, with cPanel/WHM. So, I've had problems getting DNS set up properly. I have two domains, each one pointing to one of these servers. The nameservers are registered correctly with the domain registrar, and the nameserver IPs are entered correctly as well. I've spoken to tech support at the registrar and they confirm that everything is set up on their end. Not knowing much about DNS, I googled nameservers and DNS until I nearly went blind, and spent hours messing with the configuration. Eventually, I got the LEMP server's DNS working properly (no cPanel). Pleased with this triumph, I'm trying to mimic that configuration and repeat the process with the email server, and it's just not happening. The nameserver starts and stops, but the domain doesn't resolve. Things I have tried Going through standard procedures to set up DNS in WHM Clearing all DNS information, uninstalling BIND, then reinstalling all of that and again going through WHM procedures for setting up DNS Clearing all DNS information, and setting up BIND via shell (completely outside of cPanel) by using my config and zone files from the LEMP server as a template named runs just fine, but nothing is resolving. When I "dig any example.com" I get a SERVFAIL message. Nslookups return no information. Here are my config and zone files. named.conf controls { inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { coretext-key; }; }; options { listen-on port 53 { any; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; // Those options should be used carefully because they disable port // randomization // query-source port 53; // query-source-v6 port 53; allow-query { any; }; allow-query-cache { any; }; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; view "localhost_resolver" { match-clients { 127.0.0.0/24; }; match-destinations { localhost; }; recursion yes; //zone "." IN { // type hint; // file "/var/named/named.ca"; //}; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; }; view "internal" { /* This view will contain zones you want to serve only to "internal" clients that connect via your directly attached LAN interfaces - "localnets" . */ match-clients { localnets; }; match-destinations { localnets; }; recursion yes; zone "." IN { type hint; file "/var/named/named.ca"; }; // include "/var/named/named.rfc1912.zones"; // you should not serve your rfc1912 names to non-localhost clients. // These are your "authoritative" internal zones, and would probably // also be included in the "localhost_resolver" view above : zone "example.com" { type master; file "data/db.example.com"; }; zone "3.2.1.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "data/db.1.2.3"; }; }; view "external" { /* This view will contain zones you want to serve only to "external" clients * that have addresses that are not on your directly attached LAN interface subnets: */ match-clients { any; }; match-destinations { any; }; recursion no; // you'd probably want to deny recursion to external clients, so you don't // end up providing free DNS service to all takers allow-query-cache { none; }; // Disable lookups for any cached data and root hints // all views must contain the root hints zone: //include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; zone "." IN { type hint; file "/var/named/named.ca"; }; zone "example.com" { type master; file "data/db.example.com"; }; zone "3.2.1.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "data/db.1.2.3"; }; }; include "/etc/rndc.key"; db.example.com $TTL 1D ; ; Zone file for example.com ; ; Mandatory minimum for a working domain ; @ IN SOA ns1.example.com. contact.example.com. ( 2011042905 ; serial 8H ; refresh 2H ; retry 4W ; expire 1D ; default_ttl ) NS ns1.example.com. NS ns2.example.com. ns1 A 1.2.3.4 ns2 A 1.2.3.5 example.com. A 1.2.3.4 localhost A 127.0.0.1 www CNAME example.com. mail CNAME example.com. ; db.1.2.3 $TTL 1D $ORIGIN 3.2.1.in-addr.arpa. @ IN SOA ns1.example.com contact.example.com. ( 2011042908 ; 8H ; 2H ; 4W ; 1D ; ) NS ns1.example.com. NS ns2.example.com. 4 PTR hostname.example.com. 5 PTR hostname.example.com. ; Also of note: both of these servers are managed. Tech support is very responsive, and largely useless. Hours go by with them asking me questions to narrow down what could be wrong, then they pass the ticket to the tech on the next shift, who ignores everything that's happened already and spend his whole shift asking all the same questions the last guy asked. So, in summary: *Nameservers, with IPs, are correctly registered with domain registrar *named is configured and running *...and must not be configured correctly, because nothing resolves. Any help would be great. I changed domains and IPs in the files to generics, but let me know if you need to know the domain in question. Thanks! UPDATE I found that I didn't have 127.0.0.1 in /etc/resolv.conf, so I added it, along with my two public IPs that I have named listening on. resolv.conf search www.example.com example.com nameserver 127.0.0.1 nameserver 7.8.9.10 ;Was in here by default, authoritative nameserver of hosting company nameserver 1.2.3.4 ;Public IP #1 nameserver 1.2.3.5 ;Public IP #2 Now when I DIG example.com from the host, it resolves. If I try to DIG from my other server (in the same datacenter), or from the internet, it times out or I get SERVFAIL.

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  • Unit testing internal methods in a strongly named assembly/project

    - by Rohit Gupta
    If you need create Unit tests for internal methods within a assembly in Visual Studio 2005 or greater, then we need to add an entry in the AssemblyInfo.cs file of the assembly for which you are creating the units tests for. For e.g. if you need to create tests for a assembly named FincadFunctions.dll & this assembly contains internal/friend methods within which need to write unit tests for then we add a entry in the FincadFunctions.dll’s AssemblyInfo.cs file like so : 1: [assembly: System.Runtime.CompilerServices.InternalsVisibleTo("FincadFunctionsTests")] where FincadFunctionsTests is the name of the Unit Test project which contains the Unit Tests. However if the FincadFunctions.dll is a strongly named assembly then you will the following error when compiling the FincadFunctions.dll assembly :      Friend assembly reference “FincadFunctionsTests” is invalid. Strong-name assemblies must specify a public key in their InternalsVisibleTo declarations. Thus to add a public key token to InternalsVisibleTo Declarations do the following: You need the .snk file that was used to strong-name the FincadFunctions.dll assembly. You can extract the public key from this .snk with the sn.exe tool from the .NET SDK. First we extract just the public key from the key pair (.snk) file into another .snk file. sn -p test.snk test.pub Then we ask for the value of that public key (note we need the long hex key not the short public key token): sn -tp test.pub We end up getting a super LONG string of hex, but that's just what we want, the public key value of this key pair. We add it to the strongly named project "FincadFunctions.dll" that we want to expose our internals from. Before what looked like: 1: [assembly: System.Runtime.CompilerServices.InternalsVisibleTo("FincadFunctionsTests")] Now looks like. 1: [assembly: System.Runtime.CompilerServices.InternalsVisibleTo("FincadFunctionsTests, 2: PublicKey=002400000480000094000000060200000024000052534131000400000100010011fdf2e48bb")] And we're done. hope this helps

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  • C# Adds Optional and Named Arguments

    Earlier this month Microsoft released Visual Studio 2010, the .NET Framework 4.0 (which includes ASP.NET 4.0), and new versions of their core programming languages: C# 4.0 and Visual Basic 10. In designing the latest versions of C# and VB, Microsoft has worked to bring the two languages into closer parity. Certain features available in C# were missing in VB, and vice-a-versa. Last week I wrote about Visual Basic 2010's language enhancements, which include implicit line continuation, auto-implemented properties, and collection initializers - three useful features that were available in previous versions of C#. Similarly, C# 4.0 introduces new features to the C# programming language that were available in earlier versions of Visual Basic, namely optional arguments and named arguments. Optional arguments allow developers to specify default values for one or more arguments to a method. When calling such a method, these optional arguments may be omitted, in which case their default value is used. In a nutshell, optional arguments allow for a more terse syntax for method overloading. Named arguments, on the other hand, improve readability by allowing developers to indicate the name of an argument (along with its value) when calling a method. This article examines how to use optional arguments and named arguments in C# 4.0. Read on to learn more! Read More >

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  • C# Adds Optional and Named Arguments

    Earlier this month Microsoft released Visual Studio 2010, the .NET Framework 4.0 (which includes ASP.NET 4.0), and new versions of their core programming languages: C# 4.0 and Visual Basic 10. In designing the latest versions of C# and VB, Microsoft has worked to bring the two languages into closer parity. Certain features available in C# were missing in VB, and vice-a-versa. Last week I wrote about Visual Basic 2010's language enhancements, which include implicit line continuation, auto-implemented properties, and collection initializers - three useful features that were available in previous versions of C#. Similarly, C# 4.0 introduces new features to the C# programming language that were available in earlier versions of Visual Basic, namely optional arguments and named arguments. Optional arguments allow developers to specify default values for one or more arguments to a method. When calling such a method, these optional arguments may be omitted, in which case their default value is used. In a nutshell, optional arguments allow for a more terse syntax for method overloading. Named arguments, on the other hand, improve readability by allowing developers to indicate the name of an argument (along with its value) when calling a method. This article examines how to use optional arguments and named arguments in C# 4.0. Read on to learn more! Read More >Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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  • Error in installing ZTE AC2738 on ubuntu 3.0.0-12-generic

    - by Netro
    I am getting this error ,struct usb_serial_driver has no member named shutdown. I am installing on 64bit ubuntu 3.0.0-12-generic ... Beginning Verify CD ... ... Verify CD Succeed! ... Beginning Copy Install Package Files ... ... will take a long time, waiting 5 seconds, please ... Copy Install Package Files Succeed! ... 'ztemtApp' previous version not found. and install now Beginning install ... ... Current linux release version is 'Ubuntu' ... Checking 'App' process ... Checking old installation ... Installing ... Current Path is : . : /tmp/ztemt_datacard/Linux 1. Checking Previous Version ... 2. Copying Data Bin ... ... will take a few seconds, please waiting ... /tmp/ztemt_datacard/Linux 3. Auto Load Usb Driver Module ... Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8) utility, e.g. service acpid restart Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an Upstart job, you may also use the stop(8) and then start(8) utilities, e.g. stop acpid ; start acpid. The restart(8) utility is also available. acpid stop/waiting acpid start/running, process 11802 4. Changing pppd Options ... 5. Changing File Permission ... 6. Deleting Qt lib When Local QT Vertion > V4.4.0 ... ... Package 'libqtgui4' exist ... QT_VERSION = 4 7. Deleting process id file: EVDOApp.pid ... 8. Making USB Serial Driver Module : ztemt.ko ... ... will take a few seconds, please waiting ... make -C /lib/modules/3.0.0-12-generic/build M=/usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27 modules make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic' CC [M] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.o /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘destroy_serial’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:159:14: error: ‘struct usb_serial_driver’ has no member named ‘shutdown’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:165:18: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_open’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:241:36: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘mutex’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:246:8: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:251:6: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:253:10: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:265:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘serial->type->open’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:265:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:265:3: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘serial->type->open’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:265:3: note: expected ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ but argument is of type ‘struct file *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:270:20: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘mutex’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:276:6: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:278:6: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:279:20: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘mutex’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_close’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:355:18: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘mutex’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:357:10: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:358:21: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘mutex’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:371:8: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:372:10: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:375:3: error: too many arguments to function ‘port->serial->type->close’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:377:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:378:12: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:379:9: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:380:8: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:386:20: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘mutex’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_write’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:407:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:413:2: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->write’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:413:2: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:413:2: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘port->serial->type->write’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:413:2: note: expected ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ but argument is of type ‘const unsigned char *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:413:2: warning: passing argument 3 of ‘port->serial->type->write’ makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:413:2: note: expected ‘const unsigned char *’ but argument is of type ‘int’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:413:2: error: too few arguments to function ‘port->serial->type->write’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_write_room’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:429:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:435:2: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->write_room’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:435:2: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_chars_in_buffer’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:451:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:457:2: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->chars_in_buffer’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:457:2: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_throttle’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:472:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:479:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->throttle’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:479:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_unthrottle’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:491:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:498:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->unthrottle’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:498:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_ioctl’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:511:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:518:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->ioctl’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:518:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:518:3: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘port->serial->type->ioctl’ makes integer from pointer without a cast [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:518:3: note: expected ‘unsigned int’ but argument is of type ‘struct file *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:518:3: error: too many arguments to function ‘port->serial->type->ioctl’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_set_termios’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:535:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:542:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->set_termios’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:542:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:542:3: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘port->serial->type->set_termios’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:542:3: note: expected ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ but argument is of type ‘struct termios *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:542:3: error: too few arguments to function ‘port->serial->type->set_termios’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_break’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:554:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:561:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->break_ctl’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:561:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_tiocmget’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:629:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:635:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->tiocmget’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:635:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:635:3: error: too many arguments to function ‘port->serial->type->tiocmget’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘serial_tiocmset’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:651:11: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘open_count’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:657:3: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘port->serial->type->tiocmset’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:657:3: note: expected ‘struct tty_struct *’ but argument is of type ‘struct usb_serial_port *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:657:3: warning: passing argument 2 of ‘port->serial->type->tiocmset’ makes integer from pointer without a cast [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:657:3: note: expected ‘unsigned int’ but argument is of type ‘struct file *’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:657:3: error: too many arguments to function ‘port->serial->type->tiocmset’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘usb_serial_port_work’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:697:12: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘port_release’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:709:2: error: ‘struct device’ has no member named ‘bus_id’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘usb_serial_probe’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:858:2: error: implicit declaration of function ‘lock_kernel’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:861:3: error: implicit declaration of function ‘unlock_kernel’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1034:3: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘mutex’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1182:23: error: ‘struct device’ has no member named ‘bus_id’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1182:51: error: ‘struct device’ has no member named ‘bus_id’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1183:3: error: ‘struct device’ has no member named ‘bus_id’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘usb_serial_disconnect’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1257:13: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1258:21: error: ‘struct usb_serial_port’ has no member named ‘tty’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: At top level: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1280:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1280:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘serial_ops.ioctl’) [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1281:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1281:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘serial_ops.set_termios’) [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1284:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1284:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘serial_ops.break_ctl’) [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1286:2: error: unknown field ‘read_proc’ specified in initializer /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1286:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1286:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘serial_ops.ioctl’) [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1287:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1287:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘serial_ops.tiocmget’) [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1288:2: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1288:2: warning: (near initialization for ‘serial_ops.tiocmset’) [enabled by default] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘usb_serial_init’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1352:2: error: implicit declaration of function ‘info’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c: In function ‘fixup_generic’: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1406:2: error: ‘struct usb_serial_driver’ has no member named ‘shutdown’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1406:2: error: ‘struct usb_serial_driver’ has no member named ‘shutdown’ /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1406:1: error: ‘usb_serial_generic_shutdown’ undeclared (first use in this function) /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.c:1406:1: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in cc1: some warnings being treated as errors make[2]: *** [/usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27/usb-serial.o] Error 1 make[1]: *** [_module_/usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial/below2.6.27] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic' make: *** [modules] Error 2 Install finished! Any suggestion? Update: from installation document , In some special cases, the setup package can’t automatically compile the driver, so you need change the configurations yourself and manually compile the driver. Method: enter the directory: /usr/local/bin/ztemtApp/zteusbserial, and find the corresponding kernel version of current system. I can see 2.6.27 2.6.28 2.6.29 2.6.30 2.6.31 2.6.32 2.6.33 2.6.34 2.6.35 2.6.36 2.6.37 2.6.38 2.6.39 below2.6.2 in the directory. Which version shall I pick up for installation? Readme file says, we have to do this to insert ztemt.ko in kernel.

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  • jquery click on anchor element forces scroll to top?

    - by Dan.StackOverflow
    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/720970/jquery-hyperlinks-href-value[link text][1] I am running in to a problem using jquery and a click event attached to an anchor element. [1]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/720970/jquery-hyperlinks-href-value "This" SO question seems to be a duplicate, and the accepted answer doesn't seem to solve the problem. Sorry if this is bad SO etiquette. In my .ready() function I have: jQuery("#id_of_anchor").click(function(event) { //start function when any update link is clicked Function_that_does_ajax(); }); and my anchor looks like this: <a href="#" id="id_of_anchor"> link text </a> but when the link is clicked, the ajax function is performed as desired, but the browser scrolls to the top of the page. not good. I've tried adding: event.preventDefault(); before calling my function that does the ajax, but that doesn't help. What am I missing? Clarification I've used every combination of return false; event.preventDefault(); event.stopPropagation(); before and after my call to my js ajax function. It still scrolls to the top.

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  • how to define service runlevel order position?

    - by DmitrySemenov
    I setup bind-dlz and need mysql start prior NAMED when system starts here is what I have [root@semenov]# ./test.sh mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off named 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Apr 15 18:57 /etc/rc3.d/S93mysql -> ../init.d/mysql lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Apr 15 18:57 /etc/rc3.d/S90named -> ../init.d/named here is what I have in mysql init script # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 84 16 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO so when I remove named from chkconfig and have there just mysql, it starts with order number 84: /etc/rc3.d/S84mysql - ../init.d/mysql but when I add named inside chkconfig it's order changes to 93: /etc/rc3.d/S93mysql - ../init.d/mysql as a result mysql will be starting after named and named will fail (no sql available) any ideas what I'm doing wrong? here is what I have in named init script # chkconfig: 345 90 16 # description: named (BIND) is a Domain Name Server (DNS) \ # that is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. # probe: true ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: $named # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $syslog # Default-Start:2 3 4 # Default-Stop: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 # Short-Description: start|stop|status|restart|try-restart|reload|force-reload DNS server # Description: control ISC BIND implementation of DNS server ### END INIT INFO thanks, Dmitry

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  • Caching NHibernate Named Queries

    - by TStewartDev
    I recently started a new job and one of my first tasks was to implement a "popular products" design. The parameters were that it be done with NHibernate and be cached for 24 hours at a time because the query will be pretty taxing and the results do not need to be constantly up to date. This ended up being tougher than it sounds. The database schema meant a minimum of four joins with filtering and ordering criteria. I decided to use a stored procedure rather than letting NHibernate create the SQL for me. Here is a summary of what I learned (even if I didn't ultimately use all of it): You can't, at the time of this writing, use Fluent NHibernate to configure SQL named queries or imports You can return persistent entities from a stored procedure and there are a couple ways to do that You can populate POCOs using the results of a stored procedure, but it isn't quite as obvious You can reuse your named query result mapping other places (avoid duplication) Caching your query results is not at all obvious Testing to see if your cache is working is a pain NHibernate does a lot of things right. Having unified, up-to-date, comprehensive, and easy-to-find documentation is not one of them. By the way, if you're new to this, I'll use the terms "named query" and "stored procedure" (from NHibernate's perspective) fairly interchangeably. Technically, a named query can execute any SQL, not just a stored procedure, and a stored procedure doesn't have to be executed from a named query, but for reusability, it seems to me like the best practice. If you're here, chances are good you're looking for answers to a similar problem. You don't want to read about the path, you just want the result. So, here's how to get this thing going. The Stored Procedure NHibernate has some guidelines when using stored procedures. For Microsoft SQL Server, you have to return a result set. The scalar value that the stored procedure returns is ignored as are any result sets after the first. Other than that, it's nothing special. CREATE PROCEDURE GetPopularProducts @StartDate DATETIME, @MaxResults INT AS BEGIN SELECT [ProductId], [ProductName], [ImageUrl] FROM SomeTableWithJoinsEtc END The Result Class - PopularProduct You have two options to transport your query results to your view (or wherever is the final destination): you can populate an existing mapped entity class in your model, or you can create a new entity class. If you go with the existing model, the advantage is that the query will act as a loader and you'll get full proxied access to the domain model. However, this can be a disadvantage if you require access to the related entities that aren't loaded by your results. For example, my PopularProduct has image references. Unless I tie them into the query (thus making it even more complicated and expensive to run), they'll have to be loaded on access, requiring more trips to the database. Since we're trying to avoid trips to the database by using a second-level cache, we should use the second option, which is to create a separate entity for results. This approach is (I believe) in the spirit of the Command-Query Separation principle, and it allows us to flatten our data and optimize our report-generation process from data source to view. public class PopularProduct { public virtual int ProductId { get; set; } public virtual string ProductName { get; set; } public virtual string ImageUrl { get; set; } } The NHibernate Mappings (hbm) Next up, we need to let NHibernate know about the query and where the results will go. Below is the markup for the PopularProduct class. Notice that I'm using the <resultset> element and that it has a name attribute. The name allows us to drop this into our query map and any others, giving us reusability. Also notice the <import> element which lets NHibernate know about our entity class. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2"> <import class="PopularProduct, Infrastructure.NHibernate, Version=1.0.0.0"/> <resultset name="PopularProductResultSet"> <return-scalar column="ProductId" type="System.Int32"/> <return-scalar column="ProductName" type="System.String"/> <return-scalar column="ImageUrl" type="System.String"/> </resultset> </hibernate-mapping>  And now the PopularProductsMap: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2"> <sql-query name="GetPopularProducts" resultset-ref="PopularProductResultSet" cacheable="true" cache-mode="normal"> <query-param name="StartDate" type="System.DateTime" /> <query-param name="MaxResults" type="System.Int32" /> exec GetPopularProducts @StartDate = :StartDate, @MaxResults = :MaxResults </sql-query> </hibernate-mapping>  The two most important things to notice here are the resultset-ref attribute, which links in our resultset mapping, and the cacheable attribute. The Query Class – PopularProductsQuery So far, this has been fairly obvious if you're familiar with NHibernate. This next part, maybe not so much. You can implement your query however you want to; for me, I wanted a self-encapsulated Query class, so here's what it looks like: public class PopularProductsQuery : IPopularProductsQuery { private static readonly IResultTransformer ResultTransformer; private readonly ISessionBuilder _sessionBuilder;   static PopularProductsQuery() { ResultTransformer = Transformers.AliasToBean<PopularProduct>(); }   public PopularProductsQuery(ISessionBuilder sessionBuilder) { _sessionBuilder = sessionBuilder; }   public IList<PopularProduct> GetPopularProducts(DateTime startDate, int maxResults) { var session = _sessionBuilder.GetSession(); var popularProducts = session .GetNamedQuery("GetPopularProducts") .SetCacheable(true) .SetCacheRegion("PopularProductsCacheRegion") .SetCacheMode(CacheMode.Normal) .SetReadOnly(true) .SetResultTransformer(ResultTransformer) .SetParameter("StartDate", startDate.Date) .SetParameter("MaxResults", maxResults) .List<PopularProduct>();   return popularProducts; } }  Okay, so let's look at each line of the query execution. The first, GetNamedQuery, matches up with our NHibernate mapping for the sql-query. Next, we set it as cacheable (this is probably redundant since our mapping also specified it, but it can't hurt, right?). Then we set the cache region which we'll get to in the next section. Set the cache mode (optional, I believe), and my cache is read-only, so I set that as well. The result transformer is very important. This tells NHibernate how to transform your query results into a non-persistent entity. You can see I've defined ResultTransformer in the static constructor using the AliasToBean transformer. The name is obviously leftover from Java/Hibernate. Finally, set your parameters and then call a result method which will execute the query. Because this is set to cached, you execute this statement every time you run the query and NHibernate will know based on your parameters whether to use its cached version or a fresh version. The Configuration – hibernate.cfg.xml and Web.config You need to explicitly enable second-level caching in your hibernate configuration: <hibernate-configuration xmlns="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2"> <session-factory> [...] <property name="dialect">NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2005Dialect</property> <property name="cache.provider_class">NHibernate.Caches.SysCache.SysCacheProvider,NHibernate.Caches.SysCache</property> <property name="cache.use_query_cache">true</property> <property name="cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property> [...] </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration> Both properties "use_query_cache" and "use_second_level_cache" are necessary. As this is for a web deployement, we're using SysCache which relies on ASP.NET's caching. Be aware of this if you're not deploying to the web! You'll have to use a different cache provider. We also need to tell our cache provider (in this cache, SysCache) about our caching region: <syscache> <cache region="PopularProductsCacheRegion" expiration="86400" priority="5" /> </syscache> Here I've set the cache to be valid for 24 hours. This XML snippet goes in your Web.config (or in a separate file referenced by Web.config, which helps keep things tidy). The Payoff That should be it! At this point, your queries should run once against the database for a given set of parameters and then use the cache thereafter until it expires. You can, of course, adjust settings to work in your particular environment. Testing Testing your application to ensure it is using the cache is a pain, but if you're like me, you want to know that it's actually working. It's a bit involved, though, so I'll create a separate post for it if comments indicate there is interest.

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  • ImportError: No module named gtk

    - by Rick_2047
    after the debacle a few hours back I managed to get a working desktop after using an ethernet cable and sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop But now when I try to run ubuntu software center from CLI this is what I get rick@Abigail:~$ sudo software-center Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 34, in <module> import gtk ImportError: No module named gtk Any guesses how to fix this. The search box on synaptic is also missing. It has something to do with module named axi. I think the both are related.

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  • Named arguments (parameters) as a readability aid

    - by Damian Mehers
    A long time ago I programmed a lot in ADA, and it was normal to name arguments when invoking a function - SomeObject.DoSomething(SomeParameterName = someValue); Now that C# supports named arguments, I'm thinking about reverting to this habit in situations where it might not be obvious what an argument means. You might argue that it should always be obvious what an argument means, but if you have a boolean argument, and callers are passing in "true" or "false" then qualifying the value with the name makes the call site more readable. contentFetcher.DownloadNote(note, manual : true); I guess I could create Enums instead of using true or false (Manual, Automatic in this case). What do you think about occasionally using named arguments to make code easier to read?

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  • httpd high cpu usage slowing down server response

    - by max
    my client has a image sharing website with about 100.000 visitor per day it has been slowed down considerably since this morning when i checked processes i've notice high cpu usage from http .... some has suggested ddos attack ... i'm not a webmaster and i've no idea whts going on top top - 20:13:30 up 5:04, 4 users, load average: 4.56, 4.69, 4.59 Tasks: 284 total, 3 running, 281 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 12.1%us, 0.9%sy, 1.7%ni, 69.0%id, 16.4%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16037152k total, 15875096k used, 162056k free, 360468k buffers Swap: 4194288k total, 888k used, 4193400k free, 14050008k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 4151 apache 20 0 277m 84m 3784 R 50.2 0.5 0:01.98 httpd 4115 apache 20 0 210m 16m 4480 S 18.3 0.1 0:00.60 httpd 12885 root 39 19 4296 692 308 S 13.0 0.0 11:09.53 gzip 4177 apache 20 0 214m 20m 3700 R 12.3 0.1 0:00.37 httpd 2219 mysql 20 0 4257m 198m 5668 S 11.0 1.3 42:49.70 mysqld 3691 apache 20 0 206m 14m 6416 S 1.7 0.1 0:03.38 httpd 3934 apache 20 0 211m 17m 4836 S 1.0 0.1 0:03.61 httpd 4098 apache 20 0 209m 17m 3912 S 1.0 0.1 0:04.17 httpd 4116 apache 20 0 211m 17m 4476 S 1.0 0.1 0:00.43 httpd 3867 apache 20 0 217m 23m 4672 S 0.7 0.1 1:03.87 httpd 4146 apache 20 0 209m 15m 3628 S 0.7 0.1 0:00.02 httpd 4149 apache 20 0 209m 15m 3616 S 0.7 0.1 0:00.02 httpd 12884 root 39 19 22336 2356 944 D 0.7 0.0 0:19.21 tar 4054 apache 20 0 206m 12m 4576 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.32 httpd another top top - 15:46:45 up 5:08, 4 users, load average: 5.02, 4.81, 4.64 Tasks: 288 total, 6 running, 281 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 18.4%us, 0.9%sy, 2.3%ni, 56.5%id, 21.8%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16037152k total, 15792196k used, 244956k free, 360924k buffers Swap: 4194288k total, 888k used, 4193400k free, 13983368k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 4622 apache 20 0 209m 16m 3868 S 54.2 0.1 0:03.99 httpd 4514 apache 20 0 213m 20m 3924 R 50.8 0.1 0:04.93 httpd 4627 apache 20 0 221m 27m 4560 R 18.9 0.2 0:01.20 httpd 12885 root 39 19 4296 692 308 S 18.9 0.0 11:51.79 gzip 2219 mysql 20 0 4257m 199m 5668 S 18.3 1.3 43:19.04 mysqld 4512 apache 20 0 227m 33m 4736 R 5.6 0.2 0:01.93 httpd 4520 apache 20 0 213m 19m 4640 S 1.3 0.1 0:01.48 httpd 4590 apache 20 0 212m 19m 3932 S 1.3 0.1 0:00.06 httpd 4573 apache 20 0 210m 16m 3556 R 1.0 0.1 0:00.03 httpd 4562 root 20 0 15164 1388 952 R 0.7 0.0 0:00.08 top 98 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:04.89 kswapd0 100 root 39 19 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:02.85 khugepaged 4579 apache 20 0 209m 16m 3900 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.83 httpd 4637 apache 20 0 209m 15m 3668 S 0.3 0.1 0:00.03 httpd ps aux [root@server ~]# ps aux | grep httpd root 2236 0.0 0.0 207524 10124 ? Ss 15:09 0:03 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3087 2.7 0.1 226968 28232 ? S 20:04 0:06 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3170 2.6 0.1 221296 22292 ? R 20:05 0:05 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3171 9.0 0.1 225044 26768 ? R 20:05 0:17 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3188 1.5 0.1 223644 24724 ? S 20:05 0:03 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3197 2.3 0.1 215908 17520 ? S 20:05 0:04 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3198 1.1 0.0 211700 13000 ? S 20:05 0:02 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3272 2.4 0.1 219960 21540 ? S 20:06 0:03 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3273 2.0 0.0 211600 12804 ? S 20:06 0:03 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3279 3.7 0.1 229024 29900 ? S 20:06 0:05 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3280 1.2 0.0 0 0 ? Z 20:06 0:01 [httpd] <defun ct> apache 3285 2.9 0.1 218532 21604 ? S 20:06 0:04 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3287 30.5 0.4 265084 65948 ? R 20:06 0:43 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3297 1.9 0.1 216068 17332 ? S 20:06 0:02 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3342 2.7 0.1 216716 17828 ? S 20:06 0:03 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3356 1.6 0.1 217244 18296 ? S 20:07 0:01 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3365 6.4 0.1 226044 27428 ? S 20:07 0:06 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3396 0.0 0.1 213844 16120 ? S 20:07 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3399 5.8 0.1 215664 16772 ? S 20:07 0:05 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3422 0.7 0.1 214860 17380 ? S 20:07 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3435 3.3 0.1 216220 17460 ? S 20:07 0:02 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3463 0.1 0.0 212732 15076 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3492 0.0 0.0 207660 7552 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3493 1.4 0.1 218092 19188 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3500 1.9 0.1 224204 26100 ? R 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3501 1.7 0.1 216916 17916 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3502 0.0 0.0 207796 7732 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3505 0.0 0.0 207660 7548 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3529 0.0 0.0 207660 7524 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3531 4.0 0.1 216180 17280 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3532 0.0 0.0 207656 7464 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3543 1.4 0.1 217088 18648 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3544 0.0 0.0 207656 7548 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3545 0.0 0.0 207656 7560 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3546 0.0 0.0 207660 7540 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3547 0.0 0.0 207660 7544 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3548 2.3 0.1 216904 17888 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3550 0.0 0.0 207660 7540 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3551 0.0 0.0 207660 7536 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3552 0.2 0.0 214104 15972 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3553 6.5 0.1 216740 17712 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3554 6.3 0.1 216156 17260 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3555 0.0 0.0 207796 7716 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3556 1.8 0.0 211588 12580 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3557 0.0 0.0 207660 7544 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3565 0.0 0.0 207660 7520 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3570 0.0 0.0 207660 7516 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL apache 3571 0.0 0.0 207660 7504 ? S 20:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/http d -k start -DSSL root 3577 0.0 0.0 103316 860 pts/2 S+ 20:08 0:00 grep httpd httpd error log [Mon Jul 01 18:53:38 2013] [error] [client 2.178.12.67] request failed: error reading the headers, referer: http://akstube.com/image/show/27023/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%A7-%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%BA%D9%85%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1-%D9%88-%D9%87%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B4 [Mon Jul 01 18:55:33 2013] [error] [client 91.229.215.240] request failed: error reading the headers, referer: http://akstube.com/image/show/44924 [Mon Jul 01 18:57:02 2013] [error] [client 2.178.12.67] Invalid method in request [Mon Jul 01 18:57:02 2013] [error] [client 2.178.12.67] File does not exist: /var/www/html/501.shtml [Mon Jul 01 19:21:36 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] client denied by server configuration: /var/www/html/server-status [Mon Jul 01 19:21:36 2013] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: /var/www/html/403.shtml [Mon Jul 01 19:23:57 2013] [error] [client 151.242.14.31] request failed: error reading the headers [Mon Jul 01 19:37:16 2013] [error] [client 2.190.16.65] request failed: error reading the headers [Mon Jul 01 19:56:00 2013] [error] [client 151.242.14.31] request failed: error reading the headers Not a JPEG file: starts with 0x89 0x50 also there is lots of these in the messages log Jul 1 20:15:47 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#11926: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 20:15:47 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#26255: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 20:15:48 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#20093: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 20:15:48 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#8672: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:07 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#39352: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:08 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#25382: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:08 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#9064: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:09 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#35375: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:09 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#61932: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:09 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#4423: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:09 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#40229: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#46128: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#62128: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#35240: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#36774: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#28361: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#14970: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#20216: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.10#31794: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#23042: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#11333: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.10#41807: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#20092: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:14 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#43526: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:15 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#17173: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:15 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#62412: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:15 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.10#63961: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:15 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.10#64345: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:15 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.10#31030: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:16 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#17098: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:16 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#17197: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:16 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#18114: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:16 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#59138: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:45:17 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.9#28715: query (cache) 'www.xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:33 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#26355: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:34 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#34473: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:34 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#62658: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:34 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#51631: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:35 server named[2426]: client 203.88.23.9#54701: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:36 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#63694: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:36 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#18203: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:37 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#9029: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:38 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#58981: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:48:38 server named[2426]: client 203.88.6.10#29321: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:49:47 server named[2426]: client 119.160.127.42#42355: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:49:49 server named[2426]: client 119.160.120.42#46285: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:49:53 server named[2426]: client 119.160.120.42#30696: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:49:54 server named[2426]: client 119.160.127.42#14038: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:49:55 server named[2426]: client 119.160.120.42#33586: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied Jul 1 15:49:56 server named[2426]: client 119.160.127.42#55114: query (cache) 'xxxmaza.com/A/IN' denied

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  • C# 4 Named Parameters for Overload Resolution

    - by Steve Michelotti
    C# 4 is getting a new feature called named parameters. Although this is a stand-alone feature, it is often used in conjunction with optional parameters. Last week when I was giving a presentation on C# 4, I got a question on a scenario regarding overload resolution that I had not considered before which yielded interesting results. Before I describe the scenario, a little background first. Named parameters is a well documented feature that works like this: suppose you have a method defined like this: 1: void DoWork(int num, string message = "Hello") 2: { 3: Console.WriteLine("Inside DoWork() - num: {0}, message: {1}", num, message); 4: } This enables you to call the method with any of these: 1: DoWork(21); 2: DoWork(num: 21); 3: DoWork(21, "abc"); 4: DoWork(num: 21, message: "abc"); and the corresponding results will be: Inside DoWork() - num: 21, message: Hello Inside DoWork() - num: 21, message: Hello Inside DoWork() - num: 21, message: abc Inside DoWork() - num: 21, message: abc This is all pretty straight forward and well-documented. What is slightly more interesting is how resolution is handled with method overloads. Suppose we had a second overload for DoWork() that looked like this: 1: void DoWork(object num) 2: { 3: Console.WriteLine("Inside second overload: " + num); 4: } The first rule applied for method overload resolution in this case is that it looks for the most strongly-type match first.  Hence, since the second overload has System.Object as the parameter rather than Int32, this second overload will never be called for any of the 4 method calls above.  But suppose the method overload looked like this: 1: void DoWork(int num) 2: { 3: Console.WriteLine("Inside second overload: " + num); 4: } In this case, both overloads have the first parameter as Int32 so they both fulfill the first rule equally.  In this case the overload with the optional parameters will be ignored if the parameters are not specified. Therefore, the same 4 method calls from above would result in: Inside second overload: 21 Inside second overload: 21 Inside DoWork() - num: 21, message: abc Inside DoWork() - num: 21, message: abc Even all this is pretty well documented. However, we can now consider the very interesting scenario I was presented with. The question was what happens if you change the parameter name in one of the overloads.  For example, what happens if you change the parameter *name* for the second overload like this: 1: void DoWork(int num2) 2: { 3: Console.WriteLine("Inside second overload: " + num2); 4: } In this case, the first 2 method calls will yield *different* results: 1: DoWork(21); 2: DoWork(num: 21); results in: Inside second overload: 21 Inside DoWork() - num: 21, message: Hello We know the first method call will go to the second overload because of normal method overload resolution rules which ignore the optional parameters.  But for the second call, even though all the same rules apply, the compiler will allow you to specify a named parameter which, in effect, overrides the typical rules and directs the call to the first overload. Keep in mind this would only work if the method overloads had different parameter names for the same types (which in itself is weird). But it is a situation I had not considered before and it is one in which you should be aware of the rules that the C# 4 compiler applies.

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  • Why does ASP.Net rewrite relative paths for runat=server anchor controls?

    - by Atomiton
    I have my UserControls in a ~/Controls folder in my solution: /Controls/TheControl.ascx If specify the following: <a runat="server" href="./?pg=1">link text</a> ASP.Net seems to want to rewrite the path to point to the absolute location. For example, If the control is on site.com/products/fish/cans.aspx the link href will be rewritten to read <a href="../../Controls/?pg=1>link text</a> Why does Asp.Net rewrite these control paths, and is there an elegant way to fix it? I just want the anchor control to spit out exactly what I tell it to!!! Is that so hard?

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  • puImportError: No module named pyexpat

    - by Candy Gupta
    Whenever I try to launch 'hotot' I get this errors. This error also appears if i try something stupid in terminal along with "No Module named gdm" Error in sys.excepthook: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 64, in apport_excepthook from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from apport.report import Report File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 16, in <module> from xml.parsers.expat import ExpatError File "/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.py", line 4, in <module> from pyexpat import * ImportError: No module named pyexpat I am on Ubuntu 12.04 python 2.7.3. I found similar problem here https://github.com/Kindari/SublimeXdebug/issues/5 but did not work. as asked below I am inserting this too ls /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/ audioop.so _codecs_cn.so _codecs_jp.so crypt.so _ctypes_test.so _elementtree.so _io.so _multibytecodec.so _sqlite3.so _bsddb.so _codecs_hk.so _codecs_kr.so _csv.so _curses_panel.so _heapq.so _json.so _multiprocessing.so _testcapi.so bz2.so _codecs_iso2022.so _codecs_tw.so _ctypes.so _curses.so _hotshot.so _lsprof.so Python-2.7.egg-info

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  • Named my RPi 512MB @jerpi_bilbo

    - by hinkmond
    To keep our multiple Raspberry Pi boards apart from each other, I've now named my RPi Model B w/512MB: "jerpi_bilbo", which stands for Java Embedded Raspberry Pi - Bilbo (named after the Hobbit from the J.R.R. Tolkien stories). I also, set up a Twitter account for him. You can follow him at: @jerpi_bilbo He's self-tweeting, manual prompted so far (using Java Embedded 7.0 and twitter4j Java library). Works great! I'm setting him up to be automated self-tweeting soon, so watch for that... Here's a pointer to the open source twitter4j Java library: download here Just unzip and extract out the twitter4j-core-2.2.6.jar and put it on your Java Embedded classpath. Here's how @jerpi_bilbo uses it to Tweet with his Java Embedded runtime: import twitter4j.*; import java.io.* public final class Tweet { public static void main(String[] args) { String statusStr = null; if ((args.length 0) && (args[0] != null)) { statusStr = args[0]; } else { statusStr = new String("Hello World!"); } // Create new instance of the Twitter class Twitter twitter = new TwitterFactory().getInstance(); try { Status status = twitter.updateStatus(statusStr); System.out.println ("Successfully updated the status to: " + status.getText()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } That's all you need. Java Embedded rocks the RPi! And, @jerpi_bilbo is alive... Hinkmond

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