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• Apache-style multiviews with Nginx

  - by Kenn

  I'm interested in switching from Apache/mod_php to Nginx for some non-CMS sites I'm running. The sites in question are either completely static HTML files or simple PHP, but the one thing they have in common is that I'm currently using Apache's mod_negotiation to serve them up without file extensions. I'm not concerned with actual content negotiation; I'm using this just so I don't have to use file extensions in my URLs. For example, the file at /info/contact.php is accessed via a URL of just /info/contact The actual file is a .php file in that location, but I don't use the extension in the URLs. This gives me slightly shorter, cleaner URLs and also doesn't expose what's essentially a meaningless implementation detail to the user. In Apache, all this takes is enabling mod_negotiation and adding +MultiViews to the Options for the site. In Nginx I gather I'll be rewriting somehow but being new to Nginx, I'm not exactly sure how to do it. These sites are currently working fine proxied from Nginx to Apache, but I'd like to try running them solely with Nginx/fastcgi. They work fine this way as long as I'm using the extensions, so the fastcgi aspect is working great. My concern now is just with removing those extensions. It's important to keep in mind that the filename is not always in the URL, in the case of subdirectories. That is, /foo/bar should look for /foo/bar.php or /foo/bar/index.php /foo/ should look for /foo/index.php Is there a simple way to achieve this with Nginx or should I stick with proxying to Apache?

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• VPN Setup: Mac OS X and SonicWall

  - by noloader

  I'm trying to get VPN access up and running. The company has a SonicWall firewall/concentrator and I'm working on a Mac. I'm not sure of the SonicWall's hardware or software level. My MacBook Pro is OS X 10.8, x64, fully patched. The Mac Networking applet claims the remote server is not responding. The connection attempt subsequently fails: This is utter bullshit, as a Wireshark trace shows the Protected Mode negotiation, and then the fallback to Quick Mode: I have two questions (1) does Mac OS X VPN work in real life? (2) Are there any trustworthy (non-Apple) tools to test and diagnose the connection problem (Wireshark is a cannon and I have to interpret the results)? And a third question (off topic): what is broken in Cupertino such that so much broken software gets past their QA department? EDIT (12/14/2012): The network guy sent me "VPN Configuration Guide" (Equinox document SonicOS_Standard-6-EN). It seems an IPSec VPN now requires a Firewall Unique Identifier. Just to be sure, I revisited RFC 2409, where Main Mode, Aggressive Mode, and Quick Mode are discussed. I cannot find a reference to Firewall Unique Identifier. I think I am screwed here: I am trying to connect to a broken (non-standard) firewall, with a broken Mac OS X client. Fortunately, I can purchase VPN Tracker Personal (a {SonicWall|Equinox}-authored client) for $129US from Equinox. So much for standards....

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• Http header 304 and caching?

  - by Royi Namir

  Our company uses these settings( don't ask me why) - for every request they want a new request from server. this is an intranet system which uses only IE. They defined it in : We also have windows authentication NTLM in the iis7. I have 2 questions please. Question #1) when the browser make a request ( css ) : (leave the 401 response for now - this is how ntlm works) He is requesting it with if-modified-since header. why is he adding this header ? How can I configure it ? why doesn't he use the settings from IE and try to download it each time - as I showed in the first picture ? Question #2) The response ( after ntlm negotiation) for that was : Response with Not-modified which is 304 header. and I assume its because we sent the request with the if-modified-since header. But there is a problem. He is actually tells me to download from my cache. But I told him explicitly in the IE settings - not to load from cache. Wham am I missing here ? Thanks a lot.

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• Firefox takes a really long time to load some sites on Ubuntu

  - by Dave

  Hello guys, I have an issue here. Some sites - just a few - takes a really long time to load on Firefox. One example is A List Apart (http://www.alistapart.com/) which takes more than 30 minutes (yes, minutes, not seconds). On Opera, ou even through a telnet session, the problematic sites run without problem, fast as expected. I am using Linux 8.04, running Firefox 3.6.3 downloaded from mozilla site, with a 10M ADSL connection. I tried many tweaks I found googling, like disable IPv6, and change http pipelining settings on FF's about:config. None worked. I also used Firebug to find what phase during negotiation is the bottleneck. Findings are in the screenshot. Well guys, any idea what is the issue? And how to solve it? I repeat, this only happens with firefox (3.6.3 and prior versions), for a few sites only (even sites with much more requests, images, javascripts, stylesheets work fine), and http pipelines and IPv6 tweaks on about:config didn't work. Thanks

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• Have to run auto-negotiate between clients and switch - "old" switch works fine - "new" switch results in "port flapping"?

  - by ConfusedAboutSwitching

  I need some help understanding a problem we're having at work: We run Altiris/Deployment Solution and have to use auto-negotiate between client systems and our switches (Altiris apparently requires this for imaging, PXE boot and other functions). We have several areas with old wiring (Cat 3 & Cat 5) that have old 10/100 Cisco switches in them - and we can set these systems up to "auto/auto" (auto-negotiate on both the NIC and the switch port), and everything has been working fine. But - our networking crew changed out a couple of old switches for 10/100/1000 Cisco switches, and now - they are claiming that "auto/auto" won't work because the switches can't auto-negotiate the way the old 10/100 switches did - and that if we try to set the new gig switches to auto-negotiate, the switch port starts "port flapping", and shuts the port down. But - if we put the old switch back in - they work using "auto/auto" just fine - no port flapping. The networking crew is telling me that the problem is that we're putting "new switches" on "old wire", and that the old cabling can't/won't support the auto-negotiation with these new switches....??? There's something about this that doesn't make sense to me - can someone explain this to me? Or is our networking crew just doing something wrong in the configuration of these new switches? While will the old switches work "auto/auto", but the new switches won't?? HELP!!....and Thanks!! M

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• Apache load balancer with https real servers and client certificates

  - by Jack Scheible

  Our network requirements state that ALL network traffic must be encrypted. The network configuration looks like this: ------------ /-- https --> | server 1 | / ------------ |------------| |---------------|/ ------------ | Client | --- https --> | Load Balancer | ---- https --> | server 2 | |------------| |---------------|\ ------------ \ ------------ \-- https --> | server 3 | ------------ And it has to pass client certificates. I've got a config that can do load balancing with in-the-clear real servers: <VirtualHost *:8666> DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/ssl_html" ServerName vmbigip1 ServerAdmin [email protected] DirectoryIndex index.html <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> SSLEngine on SSLProxyEngine On SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/apache/conf/server.key <Proxy balancer://mycluster> BalancerMember http://1.2.3.1:80 BalancerMember http://1.2.3.2:80 # technically we aren't blocking anyone, but could here Order Deny,Allow Deny from none Allow from all # Load Balancer Settings # A simple Round Robin load balancer. ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests </Proxy> # balancer-manager # This tool is built into the mod_proxy_balancer module allows you # to do simple mods to the balanced group via a gui web interface. <Location /balancer-manager> SetHandler balancer-manager Order deny,allow Allow from all </Location> ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost On # Point of Balance # Allows you to explicitly name the location in the site to be # balanced, here we will balance "/" or everything in the site. ProxyPass /balancer-manager ! ProxyPass / balancer://mycluster/ stickysession=JSESSIONID </VirtualHost> What I need is for the servers in my load balancer to be BalancerMember https://1.2.3.1:443 BalancerMember https://1.2.3.2:443 But that does not work. I get SSL negotiation errors. Even when I do get that to work, I will need to pass client certificates. Any help would be appreciated.

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• Windows 7 'Unidentified Network'

  - by Throdne

  So my internet was working last night before I went to bed and woke up to a computer that is showing unidentified network. I have tried multiple ways of fixing it. > route delete 0.0.0.0 > uninstalling drivers - restart - reinstall from downloaded drivers > ipconfig /release - /renew > static IP > speed & duplex from auto negotiation to 1.0gbps full duplex > and also changed my network address to no value to 1234567890ab (not in that order) nothing seems to work. I have Comcast internet and when I connect the computer to the modem it works perfectly. but when I connect it to my router again, Unidentified network. I know my router isn't faulty, because my macbook pro, server, NAS, iPhones, and iPads are still working. I have also tried moving the port on the router, still same problem. my router is a: Cisco Small Business RVS4000 motherboard: GIGABYTE GA-990FXA-UD3

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• What are the possible problems, when wget returns code 500 but same request works in normal browsers?

  - by markus

  What should I be looking for, when wget returns 500 but the same URL works fine in my web browser? I don't see any access_log entries that seem to be related to the error. DEBUG output created by Wget 1.14 on linux-gnu. <SSL negotiation info stripped out> ---request begin--- GET /survey/de/tools/clear-caches/password/<some-token> HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Wget/1.14 (linux-gnu) Accept: */* Host: testing.thesurveylab.net Connection: Keep-Alive ---request end--- HTTP request sent, awaiting response... ---response begin--- HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2012 14:53:07 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS) Set-Cookie: blueprint2-staging=8jnbmkqapl30hjkgo0u6956pd1; path=/ Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Pragma: no-cache Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=8640000;includeSubdomains X-UA-Compatible: IE=Edge,chrome=1 Content-Length: 5 Connection: close Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 ---response end--- 500 Internal Server Error Stored cookie testing.thesurveylab.net -1 (ANY) / <session> <insecure> [expiry none] blueprint2-staging 8jnbmkqapl30hjkgo0u6956pd1 Closed 3/SSL 0x0000000001f33430 2012-12-12 15:53:07 ERROR 500: Internal Server Error.

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• OpenVPN - Windows 8 to Windows 2008 Server, not connecting

  - by niico

  I have followed this tutorial about setting up an OpenVPN Server on Windows Server - and a client on Windows (in this case Windows 8). The server appears to be running fine - but it is not connecting with this error: Mon Jul 22 19:09:04 2013 Warning: cannot open --log file: C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\log\my-laptop.log: Access is denied. (errno=5) Mon Jul 22 19:09:04 2013 OpenVPN 2.3.2 x86_64-w64-mingw32 [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [PKCS11] [eurephia] [IPv6] built on Jun 3 2013 Mon Jul 22 19:09:04 2013 MANAGEMENT: TCP Socket listening on [AF_INET]127.0.0.1:25340 Mon Jul 22 19:09:04 2013 Need hold release from management interface, waiting... Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 MANAGEMENT: Client connected from [AF_INET]127.0.0.1:25340 Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'state on' Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'log all on' Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'hold off' Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 MANAGEMENT: CMD 'hold release' Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 Socket Buffers: R=[65536->65536] S=[65536->65536] Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 UDPv4 link local: [undef] Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 UDPv4 link remote: [AF_INET]66.666.66.666:9999 Mon Jul 22 19:09:05 2013 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1374494945,WAIT,,, Mon Jul 22 19:10:05 2013 TLS Error: TLS key negotiation failed to occur within 60 seconds (check your network connectivity) Mon Jul 22 19:10:05 2013 TLS Error: TLS handshake failed Mon Jul 22 19:10:05 2013 SIGUSR1[soft,tls-error] received, process restarting Mon Jul 22 19:10:05 2013 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1374495005,RECONNECTING,tls-error,, Mon Jul 22 19:10:05 2013 Restart pause, 2 second(s) Note I have changed the IP and port no (it uses a non-standard port for security reasons). That port is open on the hardware firewall. The server logs are showing a connection attempt from my client: TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]118.68.xx.xx:65011, sid=081af4ed xxxxxxxx Mon Jul 22 14:19:15 2013 118.68.xx.xx:65011 TLS Error: TLS key negotiation failed to occur within 60 seconds (check your network connectivity) How can I problem solve this & find the problem? Thx Update - Client config file: ############################################## # Sample client-side OpenVPN 2.0 config file # # for connecting to multi-client server. # # # # This configuration can be used by multiple # # clients, however each client should have # # its own cert and key files. # # # # On Windows, you might want to rename this # # file so it has a .ovpn extension # ############################################## # Specify that we are a client and that we # will be pulling certain config file directives # from the server. client # Use the same setting as you are using on # the server. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. ;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel # if you have more than one. On XP SP2, # you may need to disable the firewall # for the TAP adapter. ;dev-node MyTap # Are we connecting to a TCP or # UDP server? Use the same setting as # on the server. ;proto tcp proto udp # The hostname/IP and port of the server. # You can have multiple remote entries # to load balance between the servers. remote 00.00.00.00 1194 ;remote 00.00.00.00 9999 ;remote my-server-2 1194 # Choose a random host from the remote # list for load-balancing. Otherwise # try hosts in the order specified. ;remote-random # Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the # host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful # on machines which are not permanently connected # to the internet such as laptops. resolv-retry infinite # Most clients don't need to bind to # a specific local port number. nobind # Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only) ;user nobody ;group nobody # Try to preserve some state across restarts. persist-key persist-tun # If you are connecting through an # HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN # server, put the proxy server/IP and # port number here. See the man page # if your proxy server requires # authentication. ;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures ;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #] # Wireless networks often produce a lot # of duplicate packets. Set this flag # to silence duplicate packet warnings. ;mute-replay-warnings # SSL/TLS parms. # See the server config file for more # description. It's best to use # a separate .crt/.key file pair # for each client. A single ca # file can be used for all clients. ca "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\ca.crt" cert "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\my-laptop.crt" key "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\my-laptop.key" # Verify server certificate by checking # that the certicate has the nsCertType # field set to "server". This is an # important precaution to protect against # a potential attack discussed here: # http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm # # To use this feature, you will need to generate # your server certificates with the nsCertType # field set to "server". The build-key-server # script in the easy-rsa folder will do this. ns-cert-type server # If a tls-auth key is used on the server # then every client must also have the key. ;tls-auth ta.key 1 # Select a cryptographic cipher. # If the cipher option is used on the server # then you must also specify it here. ;cipher x # Enable compression on the VPN link. # Don't enable this unless it is also # enabled in the server config file. comp-lzo # Set log file verbosity. verb 3 # Silence repeating messages ;mute 20 Server config file: ################################################# # Sample OpenVPN 2.0 config file for # # multi-client server. # # # # This file is for the server side # # of a many-clients <-> one-server # # OpenVPN configuration. # # # # OpenVPN also supports # # single-machine <-> single-machine # # configurations (See the Examples page # # on the web site for more info). # # # # This config should work on Windows # # or Linux/BSD systems. Remember on # # Windows to quote pathnames and use # # double backslashes, e.g.: # # "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\foo.key" # # # # Comments are preceded with '#' or ';' # ################################################# # Which local IP address should OpenVPN # listen on? (optional) ;local 00.00.00.00 # Which TCP/UDP port should OpenVPN listen on? # If you want to run multiple OpenVPN instances # on the same machine, use a different port # number for each one. You will need to # open up this port on your firewall. std 1194 port 1194 # TCP or UDP server? ;proto tcp proto udp # "dev tun" will create a routed IP tunnel, # "dev tap" will create an ethernet tunnel. # Use "dev tap0" if you are ethernet bridging # and have precreated a tap0 virtual interface # and bridged it with your ethernet interface. # If you want to control access policies # over the VPN, you must create firewall # rules for the the TUN/TAP interface. # On non-Windows systems, you can give # an explicit unit number, such as tun0. # On Windows, use "dev-node" for this. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. ;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel if you # have more than one. On XP SP2 or higher, # you may need to selectively disable the # Windows firewall for the TAP adapter. # Non-Windows systems usually don't need this. ;dev-node MyTap # SSL/TLS root certificate (ca), certificate # (cert), and private key (key). Each client # and the server must have their own cert and # key file. The server and all clients will # use the same ca file. # # See the "easy-rsa" directory for a series # of scripts for generating RSA certificates # and private keys. Remember to use # a unique Common Name for the server # and each of the client certificates. # # Any X509 key management system can be used. # OpenVPN can also use a PKCS #12 formatted key file # (see "pkcs12" directive in man page). ca "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\ca.crt" cert "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.crt" key "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\server.key" # Diffie hellman parameters. # Generate your own with: # openssl dhparam -out dh1024.pem 1024 # Substitute 2048 for 1024 if you are using # 2048 bit keys. dh "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\dh2048.pem" # Configure server mode and supply a VPN subnet # for OpenVPN to draw client addresses from. # The server will take 10.8.0.1 for itself, # the rest will be made available to clients. # Each client will be able to reach the server # on 10.8.0.1. Comment this line out if you are # ethernet bridging. See the man page for more info. server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 # Maintain a record of client <-> virtual IP address # associations in this file. If OpenVPN goes down or # is restarted, reconnecting clients can be assigned # the same virtual IP address from the pool that was # previously assigned. ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging. # You must first use your OS's bridging capability # to bridge the TAP interface with the ethernet # NIC interface. Then you must manually set the # IP/netmask on the bridge interface, here we # assume 10.8.0.4/255.255.255.0. Finally we # must set aside an IP range in this subnet # (start=10.8.0.50 end=10.8.0.100) to allocate # to connecting clients. Leave this line commented # out unless you are ethernet bridging. ;server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.50 10.8.0.100 # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging # using a DHCP-proxy, where clients talk # to the OpenVPN server-side DHCP server # to receive their IP address allocation # and DNS server addresses. You must first use # your OS's bridging capability to bridge the TAP # interface with the ethernet NIC interface. # Note: this mode only works on clients (such as # Windows), where the client-side TAP adapter is # bound to a DHCP client. ;server-bridge # Push routes to the client to allow it # to reach other private subnets behind # the server. Remember that these # private subnets will also need # to know to route the OpenVPN client # address pool (10.8.0.0/255.255.255.0) # back to the OpenVPN server. ;push "route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0" ;push "route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0" # To assign specific IP addresses to specific # clients or if a connecting client has a private # subnet behind it that should also have VPN access, # use the subdirectory "ccd" for client-specific # configuration files (see man page for more info). # EXAMPLE: Suppose the client # having the certificate common name "Thelonious" # also has a small subnet behind his connecting # machine, such as 192.168.40.128/255.255.255.248. # First, uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # Then create a file ccd/Thelonious with this line: # iroute 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # This will allow Thelonious' private subnet to # access the VPN. This example will only work # if you are routing, not bridging, i.e. you are # using "dev tun" and "server" directives. # EXAMPLE: Suppose you want to give # Thelonious a fixed VPN IP address of 10.9.0.1. # First uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 10.9.0.0 255.255.255.252 # Then add this line to ccd/Thelonious: # ifconfig-push 10.9.0.1 10.9.0.2 # Suppose that you want to enable different # firewall access policies for different groups # of clients. There are two methods: # (1) Run multiple OpenVPN daemons, one for each # group, and firewall the TUN/TAP interface # for each group/daemon appropriately. # (2) (Advanced) Create a script to dynamically # modify the firewall in response to access # from different clients. See man # page for more info on learn-address script. ;learn-address ./script # If enabled, this directive will configure # all clients to redirect their default # network gateway through the VPN, causing # all IP traffic such as web browsing and # and DNS lookups to go through the VPN # (The OpenVPN server machine may need to NAT # or bridge the TUN/TAP interface to the internet # in order for this to work properly). ;push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" # Certain Windows-specific network settings # can be pushed to clients, such as DNS # or WINS server addresses. CAVEAT: # http://openvpn.net/faq.html#dhcpcaveats # The addresses below refer to the public # DNS servers provided by opendns.com. ;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222" ;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220" # Uncomment this directive to allow differenta # clients to be able to "see" each other. # By default, clients will only see the server. # To force clients to only see the server, you # will also need to appropriately firewall the # server's TUN/TAP interface. ;client-to-client # Uncomment this directive if multiple clients # might connect with the same certificate/key # files or common names. This is recommended # only for testing purposes. For production use, # each client should have its own certificate/key # pair. # # IF YOU HAVE NOT GENERATED INDIVIDUAL # CERTIFICATE/KEY PAIRS FOR EACH CLIENT, # EACH HAVING ITS OWN UNIQUE "COMMON NAME", # UNCOMMENT THIS LINE OUT. ;duplicate-cn # The keepalive directive causes ping-like # messages to be sent back and forth over # the link so that each side knows when # the other side has gone down. # Ping every 10 seconds, assume that remote # peer is down if no ping received during # a 120 second time period. keepalive 10 120 # For extra security beyond that provided # by SSL/TLS, create an "HMAC firewall" # to help block DoS attacks and UDP port flooding. # # Generate with: # openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key # # The server and each client must have # a copy of this key. # The second parameter should be '0' # on the server and '1' on the clients. ;tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret # Select a cryptographic cipher. # This config item must be copied to # the client config file as well. ;cipher BF-CBC # Blowfish (default) ;cipher AES-128-CBC # AES ;cipher DES-EDE3-CBC # Triple-DES # Enable compression on the VPN link. # If you enable it here, you must also # enable it in the client config file. comp-lzo # The maximum number of concurrently connected # clients we want to allow. ;max-clients 100 # It's a good idea to reduce the OpenVPN # daemon's privileges after initialization. # # You can uncomment this out on # non-Windows systems. ;user nobody ;group nobody # The persist options will try to avoid # accessing certain resources on restart # that may no longer be accessible because # of the privilege downgrade. persist-key persist-tun # Output a short status file showing # current connections, truncated # and rewritten every minute. status openvpn-status.log # By default, log messages will go to the syslog (or # on Windows, if running as a service, they will go to # the "\Program Files\OpenVPN\log" directory). # Use log or log-append to override this default. # "log" will truncate the log file on OpenVPN startup, # while "log-append" will append to it. Use one # or the other (but not both). ;log openvpn.log ;log-append openvpn.log # Set the appropriate level of log # file verbosity. # # 0 is silent, except for fatal errors # 4 is reasonable for general usage # 5 and 6 can help to debug connection problems # 9 is extremely verbose verb 3 # Silence repeating messages. At most 20 # sequential messages of the same message # category will be output to the log. ;mute 20 I have changed IP's for security

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• Removing the XML Formatter from ASP.NET Web API Applications

  - by Rick Strahl

  ASP.NET Web API's default output format is supposed to be JSON, but when I access my Web APIs using the browser address bar I'm always seeing an XML result instead. When working on AJAX application I like to test many of my AJAX APIs with the browser while working on them. While I can't debug all requests this way, GET requests are easy to test in the browser especially if you have JSON viewing options set up in your various browsers. If I preview a Web API request in most browsers I get an XML response like this: Why is that? Web API checks the HTTP Accept headers of a request to determine what type of output it should return by looking for content typed that it has formatters registered for. This automatic negotiation is one of the great features of Web API because it makes it easy and transparent to request different kinds of output from the server. In the case of browsers it turns out that most send Accept headers that look like this (Chrome in this case): Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Web API inspects the entire list of headers from left to right (plus the quality/priority flag q=) and tries to find a media type that matches its list of supported media types in the list of formatters registered. In this case it matches application/xml to the Xml formatter and so that's what gets returned and displayed. To verify that Web API indeed defaults to JSON output by default you can open the request in Fiddler and pop it into the Request Composer, remove the application/xml header and see that the output returned comes back in JSON instead. An accept header like this: Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,*/*;q=0.9 or leaving the Accept header out altogether should give you a JSON response. Interestingly enough Internet Explorer 9 also displays JSON because it doesn't include an application/xml Accept header: Accept: text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */* which for once actually seems more sensible. Removing the XML Formatter We can't easily change the browser Accept headers (actually you can by delving into the config but it's a bit of a hassle), so can we change the behavior on the server? When working on AJAX applications I tend to not be interested in XML results and I always want to see JSON results at least during development. Web API uses a collection of formatters and you can go through this list and remove the ones you don't want to use - in this case the XmlMediaTypeFormatter. To do this you can work with the HttpConfiguration object and the static GlobalConfiguration object used to configure it: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Action based routing (used for RPC calls) RouteTable.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "StockApi", routeTemplate: "stocks/{action}/{symbol}", defaults: new { symbol = RouteParameter.Optional, controller = "StockApi" } ); // WebApi Configuration to hook up formatters and message handlers RegisterApis(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); } public static void RegisterApis(HttpConfiguration config) { // remove default Xml handler var matches = config.Formatters .Where(f = f.SupportedMediaTypes .Where(m = m.MediaType.ToString() == "application/xml" || m.MediaType.ToString() == "text/xml") .Count() 0) .ToList() ; foreach (var match in matches) config.Formatters.Remove(match); } } That LINQ code is quite a mouthful of nested collections, but it does the trick to remove the formatter based on the content type. You can also look for the specific formatter (XmlMediatTypeFormatter) by its type name which is simpler, but it's better to search for the supported types as this will work even if there are other custom formatters added. Once removed, now the browser request results in a JSON response: It's a simple solution to a small debugging task that's made my life easier. Maybe you find it useful too…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api  ASP.NET   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• Agile Manifesto, Revisited

  - by GeekAgilistMercenary

  Again, conversations give me a zillion things to write about.  The recent conversation that has cropped up again is my various viewpoints of the Agile Manifesto.  Not all the processes that came after the manifesto was written, but just the core manifesto itself.  Just for context, here is the manifesto in all the glory. We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value: Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more. Several of the key signatories at the time went on to write some of the core books that really gave Agile Software Development traction.  If you check out the Agile Manifesto Site and do a search for any of those people, you will find a treasure trove of software development information. My 2 Cents First off, I agree with a few people out there.  Agile is not Scrum for instance.  Do NOT get these things confused when checking out Agile, or pushing forward with Scrum.  As David Starr points out in his blog entry, "About 35 minutes into this discussion, I realized I hadn?t heard a question or comment that wasn?t related to Scrum. I asked the room, ?How many people are on an agile team that is NOT using Scrum?? 5 hands. Seriously, out of about 150 people of so. 5 hands." So know, as this is one of my biggest pet peves these days, that Scrum is not Agile.  Another quote David writes, "I assure you, dear reader, 2 week time boxes does not an agile team make." This is the exact problem.  Take a look at the actual manifesto above.  First ideal, "Individuals and interactions over processes and tools".  There are a couple of meanings in this ideal, just as there are in the other written ideals.  But this one has a lot of contention with a set practice such as Scrum.  There are other formulas, namely XP (eXtreme) and Kanban are two that come to mind often.  But none of these are Agile, but instead a process based on the ideals of Agile. Some of you may be thinking, "that?s the same thing".  Well, no, it is not.  This type of differentiation is vitally important.  Agile is a set of ideals.  Processes are nice, but they can change, they may work for some and not others.  The Agile Manifesto covers the ideals behind what is intended, that intention being to learn and find new ways to build better software. Ideals, not processes.  Definition versus implementation.  Class versus object.  The ideals are of utmost importance, the processes are secondary, the first ideal is what really lays this out for me "Individuals and interactions over processes and tools".  Yes, we need tools but we need the individuals and their interactions more. For those coming into a development team, I hope you take this to mind.  It is of utmost importance that this differentiation is known and fought for.  The second the process becomes more important than the individuals and interactions, the team will effectively lose the advantages of Agile Ideals. This is just one of my first thoughts on the topic of Agile.  I will be writing more in the near future about each of the ideals.  I will make a point to outline more of my thoughts, my opinions, and experience with the ideals of Agile and the various processes that are out there.  Maybe, I may stumble upon something new with the help of my readers?  It would be a grand overture to the ideals I hold. For the original entry, check out my personal blog with other juicy tech tidbits, rants, raves, and the like. Agilist Mercenary

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• JavaOne Latin America 2012 Trip Report

  - by reza_rahman

  JavaOne Latin America 2012 was held at the Transamerica Expo Center in Sao Paulo, Brazil on December 4-6. The conference was a resounding success with a great vibe, excellent technical content and numerous world class speakers. Some notable local and international speakers included Bruno Souza, Yara Senger, Mattias Karlsson, Vinicius Senger, Heather Vancura, Tori Wieldt, Arun Gupta, Jim Weaver, Stephen Chin, Simon Ritter and Henrik Stahl. Topics covered included the JCP/JUGs, Java SE 7, HTML 5/WebSocket, CDI, Java EE 6, Java EE 7, JSF 2.2, JMS 2, JAX-RS 2, Arquillian and JavaFX. Bruno Borges and I manned the GlassFish booth at the Java Pavilion on Tuesday and Webnesday. The booth traffic was decent and not too hectic. We met a number of GlassFish adopters including perhaps one of the largest GlassFish deployments in Brazil as well as some folks migrating to Java EE from Spring. We invited them to share their stories with us. We also talked with some key members of the local Java community. Tuesday evening we had the GlassFish party at the Tribeca Pub. The party was definitely a hit and we could have used a larger venue (this was the first time we had the GlassFish party in Brazil). Along with GlassFish enthusiasts, a number of Java community leaders were there. We met some of the same folks again at the JUG leader's party on Wednesday evening. On Thursday Arun Gupta, Bruno Borges and I ran a hands-on-lab on JAX-RS, WebSocket and Server-Sent Events (SSE) titled "Developing JAX-RS Web Applications Utilizing Server-Sent Events and WebSocket". This is the same Java EE 7 lab run at JavaOne San Francisco. The lab provides developers a first hand glipse of how an HTML 5 powered Java EE application might look like. We had an overflow crowd for the lab (at one point we had about twenty people standing) and the lab went very well. The slides for the lab are here: Developing JAX-RS Web Applications Utilizing Server-Sent Events and WebSocket from Reza Rahman The actual contents for the lab is available here. Give me a shout if you need help getting it up and running. I gave two solo talks following the lab. The first was on JMS 2 titled "What’s New in Java Message Service 2". This was essentially the same talk given by JMS 2 specification lead Nigel Deakin at JavaOne San Francisco. I talked about the JMS 2 simplified API, JMSContext injection, delivery delays, asynchronous send, JMS resource definition in Java EE 7, standardized configuration for JMS MDBs in EJB 3.2, mandatory JCA pluggability and the like. The session went very well, there was good Q & A and someone even told me this was the best session of the conference! The slides for the talk are here: What’s New in Java Message Service 2 from Reza Rahman My last talk for the conference was on JAX-RS 2 in the keynote hall. Titled "JAX-RS 2: New and Noteworthy in the RESTful Web Services API" this was basically the same talk given by the specification leads Santiago Pericas-Geertsen and Marek Potociar at JavaOne San Francisco. I talked about the JAX-RS 2 client API, asyncronous processing, filters/interceptors, hypermedia support, server-side content negotiation and the like. The talk went very well and I got a few very kind complements afterwards. The slides for the talk are here: JAX-RS 2: New and Noteworthy in the RESTful Web Services API from Reza Rahman On a more personal note, Sao Paulo has always had a special place in my heart as the incubating city for Sepultura and Soulfy -- two of my most favorite heavy metal musical groups of all time! Consequently, the city has a perpertually alive and kicking metal scene pretty much any given day of the week. This time I got to check out a solid performance by local metal gig Republica at the legendary Manifesto Bar. I also wanted to see a Dio Tribute at the Blackmore but ran out of time and energy... Overall I enjoyed the conference/Sao Paulo and look forward to going to Brazil again next year!

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• Wisdom Lies in Collaborative Power and Intelligence

  - by kellsey.ruppel

  By Alakh Verma, Director, Platform Technology Solutions   In my recent blog posts, I shared insights on Predictive Analytics (Will Predictive Analytics at 'Speed of Thoughts' Help Businesses?), Real Time Decisions (How critical are Real Time decisions in business today?) and their significance in our lives in general and in businesses today. In the current business paradigm shift- with evolutionary social business, it is paramount that businesses look for wisdom in collaborative power and intelligence and equip their employees with the tools to engage with one another. There is an old time saying that 5 sticks tied together are stronger and unable to break as opposed to an individual stick. We have recently witnessed the power of ordinary people uniting together and fought collaboratively using Facebook and Twitter to topple down dictators in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya—and are threatening absolute rule in Syria. And an India one man’s (Anna Hazare) campaign against corruption went viral, bringing thousands to the streets in support. As anyone who has worked in a sizeable organization knows, there is no guarantee that the organization as a whole will perform efficiently and achieve its goals, even if each employee is individually efficient and every team has a high level of productivity. To achieve enterprise productivity, it is necessary not only for individuals and groups to “do things right” by working productively but also for the enterprise as a whole to “do the right things” - form the right teams, make the right decisions, allocate resources correctly, and effectively coordinate activities across the entire organization. Most organizations fall short of the optimal level of enterprise productivity because of one or more of these reasons, all at a great cost to the business.  They are disconnected from themselves with various parts of the organization unintentionally working at cross-purposes with each other.  Information that exists is not getting shared or reused.  Human talent is not being applied where it is most needed.  The same problems are being solved repeatedly by multiple groups. Intelligent collaboration through automated business processes has the ability to alter the course of any important business activity, with a potentially dramatic impact on the financial performance of the business. Whether it is a simple email exchange, a physical or virtual meeting, a task force, or a large-scale project, the activity is inherently collaborative.  In fact, collaboration can be defined as the work that takes place among people when a business process is not pre-determining how the work should take place. Collaboration is many things: information sharing, brainstorming, problem solving, best practice negotiation, innovation, coordination of activity, alignment of purpose, and so forth.  Collaboration is the “white space” between the business processes; it is the glue that holds an organization together, and the lubricant that allows the machinery to keep running.  Real time search and collaborative capabilities of the right people with the right content supported by defined processes will provide unparallel wisdom in the organization in the most competitive business environment today. Interestingly, technologies such as Oracle WebCenter offer these capabilities in our Web based business transactions and compliment in the overall collaborative intelligence and power to truly transform organizations to social businesses. Looking to learn more about engaging your employees to collaborate together and providing a complete user experience for your customers? You won't want to miss our webcast today! Drive Online Engagement with Intuitive Portals and Websites

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• Hell and Diplomacy: Notes on Software Integration

  - by ericajanine

  Well, I'm getting cabin fever and short-timer's ADD all at the same time. I haven't been anywhere outside of my greater city area in FOREVER and I'm only days away from my vacation. I have brainlock because the last few days have been non-stop diffusing amazingly hostile conversations. I think I'll write about that. So then, I "do" software. At the end of the day, software is pretty straightforward. Software is that thing we love and try to make do things not currently in play, in existence. If a process around getting software to do something is broken (like most actually are), then we should acknowledge it and move on. We are professional. We are helpful beyond the normal call of duty. We live and breathe making the lives better for those apps being active in the world. But above all--the shocker: We are SERVICE. In a service frame of mind, all perspectives shift to what is best overall for system stabilization vs. what must be in production to meet business objectives. It doesn't matter how much you like or dislike the creator of said software. It doesn't matter what time you went to bed last night or if your mate appreciates your Death March attitude. Getting a product in and when is an age-old dilemma in a software environment where more than, say, 3 people are involved. We know this. Taking a servant's perspective eliminates the drama surrounding what a group of half-baked developers forgot to tell each other in the 11th hour about their trampling changes before check-in. We, my counterparts in society, get paid to deal with that drama. I get paid to diffuse that drama and make everything integrate as smoothly as possible. At the end of the day, attacking someone over a minor detail not only makes things worse, it's against the whole point of our real existence. Being in support or software integration means you are to keep your eyes on the end game. That end game? It's making a solution work for all stakeholders, not just you or your immediate superior. Development and technology groups exist because business groups need them to exist and solve their issues. The end game? Doing what is best for those business groups ultimately. Period. Note: That does not mean you let your business users solely dictate when and if something gets changed in an environment you ultimately own. That's just crazy. Software and its environments are legitimately owned by those who manage it directly, no matter how important a business group believes it is to the existence of mankind. So, you both negotiate the terms of changing that environment and only do so upon that negotiation. Diplomacy is in order. So, to finish my thoughts: If you have no ability to keep your mouth shut in a situation where a business or development group truly need your help to make something work even beyond a deadline, find another profession. Beating up someone verbally because they screw up means a service attitude is not at the forefront of your motivation for doing what is ultimately their work and their product. Software, especially integration, requires a strong will and a soft touch to keep it on track. Not a hammer covered in broken glass.

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• ??Data Guard???????Redo GAP

  - by JaneZhang(???)

    ?Oracle Data Guard?,Redo Gap??????????????????redo????????????,?????????redo??????????,?????????????:ARC:????MRP:Media Recovery Process,????????redoRFS:Remote File Server ,???????????redo??FAL:Fetch Archive Log????:?????????gap?,??????????gap?????:Oracle 11.2.0.2 on Linux 5.????:1.?????????????:Primary:MAX(SEQUENCE#)--------------           86Standby:MAX(SEQUENCE#)--------------           862. ??????,??gap:????????: #ifconfig eth0 down???????switch logfile:SQL>alter system switch logfile;SQL>alter system switch logfile;...Primary:MAX(SEQUENCE#)--------------           96????alert log?????????????:TNS-00513: Destination host unreachable   nt secondary err code: 101   nt OS err code: 0Error 12543 received logging on to the standbyFAL[server, ARCp]: Error 12543 creating remote archivelog file 'STANDBY'FAL[server, ARCp]: FAL archive failed, see trace file.ARCH: FAL archive failed. Archiver continuingORACLE Instance orcl - Archival Error. Archiver continuing.3.??????????????,????????????:mv *.arc ../4. ???????:#ifconfig eth0 up5.??,???ARC???????????????????MRP???gap??gap fetching.??alert log:Thu Mar 29 19:58:49 2012Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 87 (in transit) <====  ?????,??87...Thu Mar 29 20:08:45 2012...Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 94Thu Mar 29 20:11:01 2012RFS[61]: Assigned to RFS process 13643RFS[61]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 97 dbid 1285401128 branch 757620395Archived Log entry 80 added for thread 1 sequence 97 rlc 757620395 ID 0x4c9d8928 dest 2:Thu Mar 29 20:11:02 2012RFS[62]: Assigned to RFS process 13645RFS[62]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 98 dbid 1285401128 branch 757620395Thu Mar 29 20:11:02 2012Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE modeRe-archiving standby log 4 thread 1 sequence 98Thu Mar 29 20:11:02 2012Archived Log entry 81 added for thread 1 sequence 98 ID 0x4c9d8928 dest 1:RFS[63]: Assigned to RFS process 13647RFS[63]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 99 dbid 1285401128 branch 757620395Thu Mar 29 20:11:05 2012Fetching gap sequence in thread 1, gap sequence 94-96 <===========?gap...6.??MRP?trace,?????MRP ??fetching gap:MRP trace:*** 2012-03-29 20:08:45.375 4265 krsh.cMedia Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 94*** 2012-03-29 20:11:05.543*** 2012-03-29 20:11:05.543 4265 krsh.cFetching gap sequence in thread 1, gap sequence 94-96 <==========MRP?gap.Redo shipping client performing standby login*** 2012-03-29 20:11:05.593 4595 krsu.cLogged on to standby successfullyClient logon and security negotiation successful!7.????????????,???RFS????????, MRP ????????apply.Thu Mar 29 20:12:06 2012RFS[64]: Assigned to RFS process 13649RFS[64]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 94 dbid 1285401128 branch 757620395Archived Log entry 82 added for thread 1 sequence 94 rlc 757620395 ID 0x4c9d8928 dest 2:Thu Mar 29 20:12:06 2012RFS[65]: Assigned to RFS process 13651RFS[65]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 95 dbid 1285401128 branch 757620395Thu Mar 29 20:12:06 2012RFS[66]: Assigned to RFS process 13653RFS[66]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 96 dbid 1285401128 branch 757620395Archived Log entry 83 added for thread 1 sequence 95 rlc 757620395 ID 0x4c9d8928 dest 2:Archived Log entry 84 added for thread 1 sequence 96 rlc 757620395 ID 0x4c9d8928 dest 2:Thu Mar 29 20:12:16 2012Media Recovery Log /home/oracle/arch1/standby/1_94_757620395.arcMedia Recovery Log /home/oracle/arch1/standby/1_95_757620395.arcMedia Recovery Log /home/oracle/arch1/standby/1_96_757620395.arcMedia Recovery Log /home/oracle/arch1/standby/1_97_757620395.arcMedia Recovery Log /home/oracle/arch1/standby/1_98_757620395.arc????:????????,????gap???,???ARC?????????gap??,????????????MRP???apply log??????gap,???????FAL????? ?:?11g,??????ARC??????RFS?MRP?????????????gap. 8. ????????MRP??FAL??gap??,????????????,??MRP?trace???:FAL[client, MRP0],?????FAL??? *** 2012-03-29 21:18:15.964 4265 krsh.cError 1031 received logging on to the standby*** 2012-03-29 21:18:15.964 4265 krsh.cFAL[client, MRP0]: Error 1031 connecting to PRIMARY for fetching gap sequence

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• HTTP 500 ERROR on CAS Server while setting SSLVerifyClent as "required"

  - by Huiyu.Bird

  I have 3 servers, a Apache Server, a JBOSS Server and a CAS Server for SSO. The Apache Server resolve all request with a domain such as www.request.com, and the path of CAS Server is www.request.com/cas, and JBOSS Server is www.request.com/jboss (This app got a CAS client). My problem is if I set SSLVerifyClient require for the NameVirtualHost of www.request.com in my Apache Server, I got a HTTP 500 error during the redirecting to the JBOSS Server(http://www.request.com/jboss), after logined in the CAS login page successfully. But everything goes successfully if there is no SSLVerifyClient require . Error logs of my Apache Server : [Mon Apr 19 17:07:25 2010] [error] Re-negotiation handshake failed: Not accepted by client!? Error logs of my JBOSS Server : 2010-04-19 17:29:57,263 ERROR [org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[jboss.web].[localhost].[/jboss].[jsp]] (ajp-0.0.0.0-8009-1) Servlet.service() for servlet jsp threw exception org.jasig.cas.client.validation.TicketValidationException: The CAS server returned no response. at org.jasig.cas.client.validation.AbstractUrlBasedTicketValidator.validate(AbstractUrlBasedTicketValidator.java:162) at org.jasig.cas.client.validation.AbstractTicketValidationFilter.doFilter(AbstractTicketValidationFilter.java:129) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AuthenticationFilter.java:103) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter.doFilter(SingleSignOutFilter.java:78) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:96) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:75) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.filters.ReplyHeaderFilter.doFilter(ReplyHeaderFilter.java:96) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.in Any tips will be highly appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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• Would OpenID or OAuth work for authorization/authentication on a distributed web service?

  - by David Eyk

  We're in the early stages of designing a RESTful/resource-oriented web service API for a computational lingustics application. Because many of the resources we plan to serve are rights-encumbered, a key design decision has been to specify the platform so that each resource provider can expose their own web service that complies with the API spec. This way, the rights owner maintains control over their content (and thus the ability to throttle or deny access at will) and a direct relationship with the consumer, while still being able to participate in in the collaborative network. At the same time, to simplify the job of writing a client for this service, we want to allow a client access to the distributed service through one end-point, with the server handling content negotiation and retrieval from the appropriate providers. Right now, we're at an impasse on authentication/authorization schemes. One of our number has argued for the (technical) simplicity of a central authentication registry, but others are concerned about the organizational complexity of such a scheme. It seems to me, based on an albeit limited understanding of the technologies, that a combination of OpenID and OAuth would do the trick, with a client authenticating with the end-point via OpenID, and the server taking action on the user's behalf with the various content providers using OAuth. I've only ever seen implementations (e.g. stackoverflow, twitter, etc.) where a human was present to intervene, and I still need to do more research on these technologies. Would a scheme like this work for an automated web service, or would it make the client too difficult to implement and operate?

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• HTTP 500 a problem on CAS Server while setting SSLVerifyClent as "required"

  - by Huiyu.Bird

  I have 3 server, a Apache Server, a JBOSS Server and a CAS Server for SSO. The Apache Server resolve all request with a domain such as www.request.com, and the path of CAS Server is www.request.com/cas, and JBOSS Server is www.request.com/jboss (This app got a CAS client). My problem is if I set SSLVerifyClient require for the NameVirtualHost of www.request.com in my Apache Server, I got a HTTP 500 error during the redirecting to the JBOSS Server(http://www.request.com/jboss), after logined in the CAS login page successfully. But everything goes successfully if there is no SSLVerifyClient require . Error logs of my Apache Server : [Mon Apr 19 17:07:25 2010] [error] Re-negotiation handshake failed: Not accepted by client!? Error logs of my JBOSS Server : 2010-04-19 17:29:57,263 ERROR [org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[jboss.web].[localhost].[/jboss].[jsp]] (ajp-0.0.0.0-8009-1) Servlet.service() for servlet jsp threw exception org.jasig.cas.client.validation.TicketValidationException: The CAS server returned no response. at org.jasig.cas.client.validation.AbstractUrlBasedTicketValidator.validate(AbstractUrlBasedTicketValidator.java:162) at org.jasig.cas.client.validation.AbstractTicketValidationFilter.doFilter(AbstractTicketValidationFilter.java:129) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AuthenticationFilter.java:103) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter.doFilter(SingleSignOutFilter.java:78) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:96) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:75) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.filters.ReplyHeaderFilter.doFilter(ReplyHeaderFilter.java:96) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.in Any tips will be highly appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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• Payment Processors - What do I need to know if I want to accept credit cards on my website?

  - by Michael Pryor

  This question talks about different payment processors and what they cost, but I'm looking for the answer to what do I need to do if I want to accept credit card payments? Assume I need to store credit card numbers for customers, so that the obvious solution of relying on the credit card processor to do the heavy lifting is not available. PCI Data Security, which is apparently the standard for storing credit card info, has a bunch of general requirements, but how does one implement them? And what about the vendors, like Visa, who have their own best practices? Do I need to have keyfob access to the machine? What about physically protecting it from hackers in the building? Or even what if someone got their hands on the backup files with the sql server data files on it? What about backups? Are there other physical copies of that data around? Tip: If you get a merchant account, you should negotiate that they charge you "interchange-plus" instead of tiered pricing. With tiered pricing, they will charge you different rates based on what type of Visa/MC is used -- ie. they charge you more for cards with big rewards attached to them. Interchange plus billing means you only pay the processor what Visa/MC charges them, plus a flat fee. (Amex and Discover charge their own rates directly to merchants, so this doesn't apply to those cards. You'll find Amex rates to be in the 3% range and Discover could be as low as 1%. Visa/MC is in the 2% range). This service is supposed to do the negotiation for you (I haven't used it, this is not an ad, and I'm not affiliated with the website, but this service is greatly needed.) This blog post gives a complete rundown of handling credit cards (specifically for the UK).

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• SIP UAS asks for OPTIONS

  - by TacB0sS

  Hey, I have UAC that registers to a UAS, after registration the UAS sends me an OPTIONS request, what should I answer it? only the audio media streams? Update I: Allow me to explain myself better... if I want to invite someone to a session I USE the INVITE method and negotiate the media then, for that specific session. But once I register to the server, and it asks me for OPTIONS, then what should I supply, everything my client supports? once I answer it would it deduce that every INVITE I would request from now on would use these medias? or would I need to supply new media with every request? Update II: Hi Wiz, I was in the process of building a negotiation system, so i tried it out and replied the UAS here is the sort dialog we had: OPTIONS sip:[email protected] SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP xx.xx.xx.xx:5060;branch=z9hG4bK45b197cb;rport=5060;received=xx.xx.xx.xx From: "Unknown" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as66cf26df To: <sip:[email protected]> Contact: <sip:[email protected]> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 102 OPTIONS User-Agent: Freeswitch 1.2.3 Max-Forwards: 70 Date: Sat, 05 Jun 2010 12:06:43 GMT Allow: INVITE,ACK,CANCEL,OPTIONS,BYE,REFER,SUBSCRIBE,NOTIFY,INFO Supported: replaces Content-Length: 0 OPTIONS In Response To 102: SIP/2.0 200 OK Via: SIP/2.0/UDP xx.xx.xx.xx:5060;branch=z9hG4bK45b197cb;rport=5060;received=xx.xx.xx.xx From: "Unknown" <sip:[email protected]>;tag=as66cf26df To: <sip:[email protected]> CSeq: 102 OPTIONS Call-ID: [email protected] Allow: INVITE,CANCEL,ACK,BYE,OPTIONS Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 248 v=0 o=310 4515233118481497946 4515233118481497946 IN IP4 10.0.0.1 s=- i=Nu-Art Software - TacB0sS VoIP information c=IN IP4 10.0.0.1 m=audio 40000 RTP/AVP 0 8 101 a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000 a=rtpmap:8 PCMA/8000 a=rtpmap:101 telephone-event/8000 This response caused the server to stop sending me the options request, does this means I can only use these parameters with the server now? or as you said, it does not matter? Thanks, Adam.

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• How do you use FastInfoset with JAXWS?

  - by Chris Kessel

  I've got code that looks like it should be correct based on what I can find, but the spewed output doesn't indicate that it's using FastInfoset. My understanding is the Accept should indicate it can accept Fastinfoset and the response would actually use it, meaning it's not text/xml as the response type. Any idea what I'm doing wrong? I've scoured with Google and I'm having a hard time finding much detail on how to use FastInfoset at all. JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean(); factory.getInInterceptors().add(new LoggingInInterceptor()); factory.getOutInterceptors().add(new LoggingOutInterceptor()); factory.setServiceClass( C360Server.class); factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8501/cxfcontroller/cl_v5"); C360Server client = (C360Server)factory.create(); ((BindingProvider)client).getRequestContext().put( "com.sun.xml.ws.client.ContentNegotiation", "optimistic"); C360Request requestTrans = new C360Request(); ... code to fill in the request ... C360Response response = client.findContacts( requestTrans ); The logging doesn't seem to indicate FastInfoset is even attempted though: INFO: Outbound Message --------------------------- ID: 1 Address: http://localhost:8501/cxfcontroller/cl_v5 Encoding: UTF-8 Content-Type: text/xml Headers: {SOAPAction=[""], Authorization=[Basic cWFfc3VwZXI6cWFfc3VwZXI=], Accept=[*/*]} Payload: <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns1:findContacts>...bunch of xml deleted for brevity...</ns1:findContacts></soap:Body></soap:Envelope> -------------------------------------- May 17, 2010 3:23:45 PM org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingInInterceptor logging INFO: Inbound Message ---------------------------- ID: 1 Response-Code: 200 Encoding: UTF-8 Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8 Headers: {content-type=[text/xml; charset=utf-8], Content-Length=[611], Server=[Jetty(6.1.x)]} Payload: <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns1:findContactsResponse>...bunch of xml spew deleted for brevity...</ns1:findContactsResponse></soap:Body></soap:Envelope> -------------------------------------- Any ideas what I'm doing wrong? Even if the server wasn't supporting FastInfoset, I still should see the attempted negotiation in the request, right?

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• Fedora 12 Wireless problems (Intel Wireless 4965AGN Card)

  - by Ninefingers

  Hi All, I'm having an interesting experience with my wireless card at the moment. Basically, it does like this: I connect to the local wireless network (netgear router) It works, briefly, allowing me to browse a webpage or maybe two, if I'm lucky. It then stops working / sending any packets, whilst reported still connected. Now, me being me I've had a look to see what I can find. wpa_supplicant.log looks like this: Trying to associate with valid_mac:a2:30 (SSID='vennardwireless' freq=2462 MHz) Associated with valid_mac:a2:30 WPA: Key negotiation completed with valid_mac:a2:30 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP] CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to valid_mac:a2:30 completed (reauth) [id=0 id_str=] CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED - Disconnect event - remove keys So that's working fine. dmesg | grep "*iwl*" spits out this: iwlagn: Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link AGN driver for Linux, 1.3.27kds iwlagn: Copyright(c) 2003-2009 Intel Corporation iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: Detected Intel Wireless WiFi Link 4965AGN REV=0x4 iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: Tunable channels: 13 802.11bg, 19 802.11a channels iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: irq 32 for MSI/MSI-X phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'iwl-agn-rs' iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: firmware: requesting iwlwifi-4965-2.ucode iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: loaded firmware version 228.61.2.24 Registered led device: iwl-phy0::radio Registered led device: iwl-phy0::assoc Registered led device: iwl-phy0::RX Registered led device: iwl-phy0::TX iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: iwl_tx_agg_start on ra = 00:24:b2:32:a3:30 tid = 0 iwlagn 0000:03:00.0: iwl_tx_agg_start on ra = 00:24:b2:32:a3:30 tid = 0 So that's working too. I can also ping 192.168.0.1 -I wlan0 and arping 192.168.0.1 -I wlan0 the router until the network falls over. uname -r:2.6.32.10-90.fc12.x86_64. Laptop is a Core2 Duo (2Ghz) with 3GB RAM. Other symptoms I've noticed are that wireshark freezes when I capture on the "broken" interface until I disconnect. Am using networkmanager as per normal. Stupidly, I can connect to the same router via eth0/a cat6 cable just fine. Everyone else can connect to the AP fine (from Windows). Yes, I'm sat right next to it and not trying to access a hotspot the other side of the world. Any ideas? Is this a broken update? (I intend to reboot and test an older kernel later)? Anyone else come across this? Edit: iwconfig wlan0 rate auto is the settings I'm using for rates. Also, according to networkmanager the network is still connected. Thanks for any pointers / advice.

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• How to solve "403 Forbidden" on CentOS6 with SELinux Disabled?

  - by André

  I have a machine on Linode that is driving me crazy. Linode does not have SELinux on CentOS6... I'm trying to configure to put my website in "/home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public" As I don´t have SELinux enable, how can I avoid the "403 Forbidden" that I get when trying to access the webpage? Sorry for my english. Best Regards, Update1, ERROR_LOG [Mon Oct 17 14:04:16 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:08:07 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:41 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:32:35 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:34:45 2011] [error] [client 58.218.199.227] (13)Permission denied: access to /proxy-1.php denied [Mon Oct 17 15:32:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:26 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:43 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:38:32 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:42:56 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:43:12 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:45:34 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:51:25 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable Upadate2, /home/websites directory drwx------ 3 websites websites 4096 Oct 17 14:52 . drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 13:42 .. -rw------- 1 websites websites 372 Oct 17 14:52 .bash_history -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 18 May 30 11:46 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 176 May 30 11:46 .bash_profile -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 124 May 30 11:46 .bashrc drwxrwxr-x 3 websites apache 4096 Oct 17 13:45 public_html Update3, httpd.conf ### Section 1: Global Environment ServerTokens OS ServerRoot "/etc/httpd" PidFile run/httpd.pid Timeout 60 KeepAlive Off MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 15 <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 8 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 20 ServerLimit 256 MaxClients 256 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 </IfModule> <IfModule worker.c> StartServers 4 MaxClients 300 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so Include conf.d/*.conf #ExtendedStatus On User apache Group apache ServerAdmin root@localhost #ServerName www.example.com:80 UseCanonicalName Off DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" # # Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect # to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that # directory (and its subdirectories). # # First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of # features. # <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> # # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow # particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as # you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it # below. # # # This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to. # <Directory "/home/websites/public_html"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options # for more information. # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # AllowOverride None # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home # directory if a ~user request is received. # # The path to the end user account 'public_html' directory must be # accessible to the webserver userid. This usually means that ~userid # must have permissions of 711, ~userid/public_html must have permissions # of 755, and documents contained therein must be world-readable. # Otherwise, the client will only receive a "403 Forbidden" message. # # See also: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html#forbidden # <IfModule mod_userdir.c> # # UserDir is disabled by default since it can confirm the presence # of a username on the system (depending on home directory # permissions). # UserDir disabled # # To enable requests to /~user/ to serve the user's public_html # directory, remove the "UserDir disabled" line above, and uncomment # the following line instead: # #UserDir public_html </IfModule> # # Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an example # for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. # #<Directory /home/*/public_html> # AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec # <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> # Order allow,deny # Allow from all # </Limit> # <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # </LimitExcept> #</Directory> # # DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory # is requested. # # The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content- # negotiated documents. The MultiViews Option can be used for the # same purpose, but it is much slower. # DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </Files> # # TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is # to be found. # TypesConfig /etc/mime.types # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. # <IfModule mod_mime_magic.c> # MIMEMagicFile /usr/share/magic.mime MIMEMagicFile conf/magic </IfModule> # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off #EnableMMAP off #EnableSendfile off # # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog logs/error_log LogLevel warn # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # "combinedio" includes actual counts of actual bytes received (%I) and sent (%O); this # requires the mod_logio module to be loaded. #LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost> # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # #CustomLog logs/access_log common # # If you would like to have separate agent and referer logfiles, uncomment # the following directives. # #CustomLog logs/referer_log referer #CustomLog logs/agent_log agent # # For a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format), use the following directive: # CustomLog logs/access_log combined ServerSignature On Alias /icons/ "/var/www/icons/" <Directory "/var/www/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # WebDAV module configuration section. # <IfModule mod_dav_fs.c> # Location of the WebDAV lock database. DAVLockDB /var/lib/dav/lockdb </IfModule> # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client. # The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to # Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" # # "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. # <Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort NameWidth=* HTMLTable Charset=UTF-8 AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/* AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/* AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/* AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core AddIcon /icons/back.gif .. AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^ # # DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon # explicitly set. # DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif # # AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in # server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed # directories. # Format: AddDescription "description" filename # #AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz #AddDescription "tar archive" .tar #AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz # # ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by # default, and append to directory listings. # # HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to # directory indexes. ReadmeName README.html HeaderName HEADER.html # # IndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore # and not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted. # IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t # # DefaultLanguage and AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of # a document. You can then use content negotiation to give a browser a # file in a language the user can understand. # # Specify a default language. This means that all data # going out without a specific language tag (see below) will # be marked with this one. You probably do NOT want to set # this unless you are sure it is correct for all cases. # # * It is generally better to not mark a page as # * being a certain language than marking it with the wrong # * language! # # DefaultLanguage nl # # Note 1: The suffix does not have to be the same as the language # keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose net-standard # language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po" to # avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts. # # Note 2: The example entries below illustrate that in some cases # the two character 'Language' abbreviation is not identical to # the two character 'Country' code for its country, # E.g. 'Danmark/dk' versus 'Danish/da'. # # Note 3: In the case of 'ltz' we violate the RFC by using a three char # specifier. There is 'work in progress' to fix this and get # the reference data for rfc1766 cleaned up. # # Catalan (ca) - Croatian (hr) - Czech (cs) - Danish (da) - Dutch (nl) # English (en) - Esperanto (eo) - Estonian (et) - French (fr) - German (de) # Greek-Modern (el) - Hebrew (he) - Italian (it) - Japanese (ja) # Korean (ko) - Luxembourgeois* (ltz) - Norwegian Nynorsk (nn) # Norwegian (no) - Polish (pl) - Portugese (pt) # Brazilian Portuguese (pt-BR) - Russian (ru) - Swedish (sv) # Simplified Chinese (zh-CN) - Spanish (es) - Traditional Chinese (zh-TW) # AddLanguage ca .ca AddLanguage cs .cz .cs AddLanguage da .dk AddLanguage de .de AddLanguage el .el AddLanguage en .en AddLanguage eo .eo AddLanguage es .es AddLanguage et .et AddLanguage fr .fr AddLanguage he .he AddLanguage hr .hr AddLanguage it .it AddLanguage ja .ja AddLanguage ko .ko AddLanguage ltz .ltz AddLanguage nl .nl AddLanguage nn .nn AddLanguage no .no AddLanguage pl .po AddLanguage pt .pt AddLanguage pt-BR .pt-br AddLanguage ru .ru AddLanguage sv .sv AddLanguage zh-CN .zh-cn AddLanguage zh-TW .zh-tw # # LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languages # in case of a tie during content negotiation. # # Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference. We have # more or less alphabetized them here. You probably want to change this. # LanguagePriority en ca cs da de el eo es et fr he hr it ja ko ltz nl nn no pl pt pt-BR ru sv zh-CN zh-TW # # ForceLanguagePriority allows you to serve a result page rather than # MULTIPLE CHOICES (Prefer) [in case of a tie] or NOT ACCEPTABLE (Fallback) # [in case no accepted languages matched the available variants] # ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback # # Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables # interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default. To use the # default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags # in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this # directive: # AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file mime.types for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-tar .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothing # to do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz # # MIME-types for downloading Certificates and CRLs # AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl # # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server # or added with the Action directive (see below) # # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # # For files that include their own HTTP headers: # #AddHandler send-as-is asis # # For type maps (negotiated resources): # (This is enabled by default to allow the Apache "It Worked" page # to be distributed in multiple languages.) # AddHandler type-map var # # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. # # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) # AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml # # Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenever # a matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL # pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors. # Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location # Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/location # # # Customizable error responses come in three flavors: # 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects # # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html # # # Putting this all together, we can internationalize error responses. # # We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to # our collection of by-error message multi-language collections. We use # includes to substitute the appropriate text. # # You can modify the messages' appearance without changing any of the # default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line: # # Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/" # # which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the # /var/www/error/include/ files and # copying them to /your/include/path/, even on a per-VirtualHost basis. # Alias /error/ "/var/www/error/" <IfModule mod_negotiation.c> <IfModule mod_include.c> <Directory "/var/www/error"> AllowOverride None Options IncludesNoExec AddOutputFilter Includes html AddHandler type-map var Order allow,deny Allow from all LanguagePriority en es de fr ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback </Directory> # ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var # ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var # ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var # ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var # ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var # ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var # ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var # ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var # ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var # ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.html.var # ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var # ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var # ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var # ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var # ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var </IfModule> </IfModule> # # The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior to # handle known problems with browser implementations. # BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0 # # The following directive disables redirects on non-GET requests for # a directory that does not include the trailing slash. This fixes a # problem with Microsoft WebFolders which does not appropriately handle # redirects for folders with DAV methods. # Same deal with Apple's DAV filesystem and Gnome VFS support for DAV. # BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "MS FrontPage" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDAVFS/1.[0123]" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^gnome-vfs/1.0" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^XML Spy" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^Dreamweaver-WebDAV-SCM1" redirect-carefully # # Allow server status reports generated by mod_status, # with the URL of http://servername/server-status # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-status> # SetHandler server-status # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of # http://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded). # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-info> # SetHandler server-info # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Proxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines to # enable the proxy server: # #<IfModule mod_proxy.c> #ProxyRequests On # #<Proxy *> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Proxy> # # Enable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers. # ("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers) # Set to one of: Off | On | Full | Block # #ProxyVia On # # To enable a cache of proxied content, uncomment the following lines. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_cache.html for more details. # #<IfModule mod_disk_cache.c> # CacheEnable disk / # CacheRoot "/var/cache/mod_proxy" #</IfModule> # #</IfModule> # End of proxy directives. ### Section 3: Virtual Hosts # # VirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 # # NOTE: NameVirtualHost cannot be used without a port specifier # (e.g. :80) if mod_ssl is being used, due to the nature of the # SSL protocol. # # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for requests without a known # server name. # #<VirtualHost *:80> # ServerAdmin [email protected] # DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com # ServerName dummy-host.example.com # ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log # CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common #</VirtualHost> # domain: mysite.com # public: /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/ <VirtualHost *:80> # Admin email, Server Name (domain name) and any aliases ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName mysite.com ServerAlias www.mysite.com # Index file and Document Root (where the public files are located) DirectoryIndex index.html DocumentRoot /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public # Custom log file locations LogLevel warn ErrorLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/error.log CustomLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/access.log combined </VirtualHost>

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• Error connecting to Sonicwall L2TP VPN from iPad/iPhone

  - by db2

  A client has a Sonicwall Pro 2040 running SonicOS 3.0, and they'd like to be able to use the L2TP VPN client from their iPads to connect to internal services (Citrix, etc). I've enabled the L2TP VPN server on the Sonicwall, made sure to set AES-128 for phase 2, and set up the configuration on a test iPad with the appropriate username, password, and pre-shared key. When I attempt to connect, I get some rather cryptic error messages in the log on the Sonicwall: 2 03/29/2011 12:25:09.096 IKE Responder: IPSec proposal does not match (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted] (admin) [WAN IP address redacted] 10.10.130.7/32 -> [WAN IP address redacted]/32 3 03/29/2011 12:25:09.096 IKE Responder: Received Quick Mode Request (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted], 61364 (admin) [WAN IP address redacted], 500 4 03/29/2011 12:25:07.048 IKE Responder: IPSec proposal does not match (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted] (admin) [WAN IP address redacted] 10.10.130.7/32 -> [WAN IP address redacted]/32 5 03/29/2011 12:25:07.048 IKE Responder: Received Quick Mode Request (Phase 2) [My outbound IP address redacted], 61364 (admin) [WAN IP address redacted], 500 The console log on the iPad looks like this: Mar 29 13:31:24 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] INFO: ISAKMP-SA established 10.10.130.7[500]-[WAN IP address redacted][500] spi:5d705eb6c760d709:458fcdf80ee8acde Mar 29 13:31:24 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Notice>: IPSec Phase1 established (Initiated by me). Mar 29 13:31:24 Daves-iPad kernel[0] <Debug>: launchd[519] Builtin profile: racoon (sandbox) Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] INFO: initiate new phase 2 negotiation: 10.10.130.7[500]<=>[WAN IP address redacted][500] Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Notice>: IPSec Phase2 started (Initiated by me). Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: fatal NO-PROPOSAL-CHOSEN notify messsage, phase1 should be deleted. Mar 29 13:31:25 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: Message: '@ No proposal is chosen'. Mar 29 13:31:46 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: fatal NO-PROPOSAL-CHOSEN notify messsage, phase1 should be deleted. Mar 29 13:31:46 Daves-iPad racoon[519] <Info>: [519] ERROR: Message: '@ No proposal is chosen'. Mar 29 13:31:55 Daves-iPad pppd[518] <Notice>: IPSec connection failed Does this offer any clues as to what's going wrong?

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• IPSEC site-to-site Openswan to Cisco ASA

  - by Jim

  I recieved a list of commands that were run on the right side of the VPN tunnel which is where the Cisco ASA resides. On my side, I have a linux based firewall running debian with openswan installed. I am having an issue with getting to Phase 2 of the VPN negotiation. Here is the Cisco Information I was sent: {my_public_ip} = left side of connection tunnel-group {my_public_ip} type ipsec-l2l tunnel-group {my_public_ip} ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key fakefake crypto map vpn1 1 match add customer-ipsec crypto map vpn1 1 set peer {my_public_ip} crypto map vpn1 1 set transform-set aes-256-sha crypto map vpn1 interface outside static (outside,inside) 10.2.1.200 {my_public_ip} netmask 255.255.255.255 crypto ipsec transform-set aes-256-sha esp-aes-256 esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 crypto map vpn1 1 match address customer-ipsec crypto map vpn1 1 set peer {my_public_ip} crypto map vpn1 1 set transform-set aes-256-sha crypto map vpn1 interface outside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share encryption aes-256 hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 Myside ipsec.conf config setup klipsdebug=none plutodebug=none protostack=netkey #nat_traversal=yes conn cisco #name of VPN connection type=tunnel authby=secret #left side (myside) left={myPublicIP} leftsubnet=172.16.250.0/24 #net subnet on left sdie to assign to right side leftnexthop=%defaultroute #right security gateway (ASA side) right={CiscoASA_publicIP} #cisco ASA rightsubnet=10.2.1.0/24 rightnexthop=%defaultroute #crypo stuff keyexchange=ike ikelifetime=86400s auth=esp pfs=no compress=no auto=start ipsec.secrets file {CiscoASA_publicIP} {myPublicIP}: PSK "fakefake" When I start ipsec from the left side/my side I don't recieve any errors, however when I run the ipsec auto --status command: 000 "cisco": 172.16.250.0/24==={left_public_ip}<{left_public_ip}>[+S=C]---{left_public_ip_gateway}...{left_public_ip_gateway}--{right_public_ip}<{right_public_ip}>[+S=C]===10.2.1.0/24; prospective erouted; eroute owner: #0 000 "cisco": myip=unset; hisip=unset; 000 "cisco": ike_life: 86400s; ipsec_life: 28800s; rekey_margin: 540s; rekey_fuzz: 100%; keyingtries: 0 000 "cisco": policy: PSK+ENCRYPT+TUNNEL+UP+IKEv2ALLOW+SAREFTRACK+lKOD+rKOD; prio: 24,24; interface: eth0; 000 "cisco": newest ISAKMP SA: #0; newest IPsec SA: #0; 000 000 #2: "cisco":500 STATE_MAIN_I1 (sent MI1, expecting MR1); EVENT_RETRANSMIT in 10s; nodpd; idle; import:admin initiate 000 #2: pending Phase 2 for "cisco" replacing #0 Now I'm new to setting up an site-to-site IPSEC tunnel so the status informatino I am unsure what it means. All I know is it sits at this "pending Phase 2" and I can't ping the other side, Another question I have is, if I do a route -n, should I see anything relating to this connection? Also, I read a few artilcle where configs contained the interface="ipsec0=eth0", is this an interface that I have to create on the linux debian firewall on my side? Appreciate your time to look at this.

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