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  • How to Compile Mod_Python 3.3.1 for Python 2.6 and Apache 2.2 on Windows?

    - by John
    I have no experience compiling code other than using Visual Studio's Build command. I am hoping we can create a step by step guide for compiling mod_python on windows. Please be as descriptive as possible. This is what I've done so far: Download and install python 2.6.2 Download and install apache 2.2.11 Download the most recent source code for mod_python from svn From here I'm lost to what the next step is. I've downloaded Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Express Edition. As mentioned by Hao I've already tried the tutorial mentioned in that link. Here is the error messages I'm receiving with that tutorial. C:\mod_python\distbuild_installer.bat Could Not Find C:\mod_python\src*.obj running bdist_wininst running build running build_py creating build creating build\lib.win32-2.6 creating build\lib.win32-2.6\mod_python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\apache.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\mod _python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\cache.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\mod_ python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\cgihandler.py - build\lib.win32-2.6 \mod_python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\Cookie.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\mod _python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\importer.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\m od_python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\psp.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\mod_py thon copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\publisher.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\ mod_python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\python22.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\m od_python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\Session.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\mo d_python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\testhandler.py - build\lib.win32-2. 6\mod_python copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python\util.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\mod_p ython copying C:\mod_python\lib\python\mod_python__init__.py - build\lib.win32-2.6\m od_python running build_ext building 'mod_python_so' extension creating build\temp.win32-2.6 creating build\temp.win32-2.6\Release creating build\temp.win32-2.6\Release\mod_python creating build\temp.win32-2.6\Release\mod_python\src C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W 3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -DWIN32 -DNDEBUG -D_WINDOWS -IC:\mod_python\src\include -Ic:\apa che\include -IC:\Python26\include -IC:\Python26\PC /TcC:\mod_python\src\mod_pyth on.c /Fobuild\temp.win32-2.6\Release\mod_python\src\mod_python.obj mod_python.c c:\apache\include\ap_config.h(25) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'apr.h': No such file or directory error: command '"C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\cl.exe"' fa iled with exit status 2

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  • Default or fink python and lxml under 10.6.8

    - by songdogtech
    Ah, confusion. I'm trying to install a python library called lxml as needed by a python script. I've been through numerous SU quesitons and answers. I haven't been able to make much progress. I run easy_install lxml and get: Processing lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg lxml 3.0.1 is already the active version in easy-install.pth Using /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg Processing dependencies for lxml Finished processing dependencies for lxml but when I run my script, I get: File "scraper.py", line 3, in import lxml.html File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/html/init.py", line 42, in from lxml import etree ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/etree.so, 2): Symbol not found: _htmlParseChunk Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/etree.so Expected in: flat namespace in /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/etree.so I think that maybe I'm not using the correct python install? I've installed python with fink, but should I use OS X's python? This is in my .profile: test -r /sw/bin/init.sh && . /sw/bin/init.sh which points to the fink install. echo $PATH gives me: /sw/bin:/sw/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin Should I change that to point to snow leopard's python? (Which is 2.6.1) In Library/, there is: which are the lxml libaries I need, it appears, as well as requests. And whereis python gives me /usr/bin/python What do I do? How do I get python to use these libraries. And which python?

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  • Building Python 3.2.3 on redhat 5: missing _posixsubprocess

    - by Oz123
    I am trying to build Python3 on a RHEL 5.7 machine, I successful managed to build Python 3.2.2, with : # Install required build dependencies yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel # Fetch and extract source. Please refer to http://www.python.org/download/releases # to ensure the latest source is used. wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.2/Python-3.2.tar.bz2 tar -xjf Python-3.2.tar.bz2 cd Python-3.2 # Configure the build with a prefix (install dir) of /opt/python3, compile, and install. ./configure --prefix=/opt/python3 make But I am failing (?) with Python 3.2.3: Failed to build these modules: _posixsubprocess Is this a problem that should bother me ? How do I build it? I found this patch, but it's not included in sources Python 3.2.3 I obtained from the website ... Applying this patch on my sources, didn't solve the problem ... Here is the output from stderr: ~/tmp/Python-3.2.3 $ make > build.log ldd: warning: you do not have execution permission for `/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so' /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/local/lib/libreadline.so when searching for -lreadline /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/local/lib/libreadline.a when searching for -lreadline /home/oznahum/tmp/Python-3.2.3/Modules/_posixsubprocess.c: In function '_close_open_fd_range_safe': /home/oznahum/tmp/Python-3.2.3/Modules/_posixsubprocess.c:205: error: 'O_CLOEXEC' undeclared (first use in this function) /home/oznahum/tmp/Python-3.2.3/Modules/_posixsubprocess.c:205: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once /home/oznahum/tmp/Python-3.2.3/Modules/_posixsubprocess.c:205: error: for each function it appears in.) /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/local/lib/libz.so when searching for -lz /usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/local/lib/libz.so when searching for -lz ~/tmp/Python-3.2.3 $ grep posix build.log gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I. -IInclude -I./Include -DPy_BUILD_CORE -c ./Modules/posixmodule.c -o Modules/posixmodule.o ar rc libpython3.2m.a Modules/_threadmodule.o Modules/signalmodule.o Modules/posixmodule.o Modules/errnomodule.o Modules/pwdmodule.o Modules/_sre.o Modules/_codecsmodule.o Modules/_weakref.o Modules/_functoolsmodule.o Modules/operator.o Modules/_collectionsmodule.o Modules/itertoolsmodule.o Modules/_localemodule.o Modules/_iomodule.o Modules/iobase.o Modules/fileio.o Modules/bytesio.o Modules/bufferedio.o Modules/textio.o Modules/stringio.o Modules/zipimport.o Modules/symtablemodule.o Modules/xxsubtype.o building '_posixsubprocess' extension gcc -pthread -fPIC -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -IInclude -I/home/oznahum/localroot/include -I. -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/home/oznahum/tmp/Python-3.2.3 -c /home/oznahum/tmp/Python-3.2.3/Modules/_posixsubprocess.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.2/home/oznahum/tmp/Python-3.2.3/Modules/_posixsubprocess.o _posixsubprocess

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  • 'cannot find -lboost_iostreams' while trying to install Deluge 1.3.3

    - by Muhammad
    While trying to install deluge 1.3.3 (I need this specific version) I get an error. I install all the needed packages through sudo apt-get install g++ make python-all-dev python-all python-dbus \ python-gtk2 python-notify librsvg2-common python-xdg python-support \ subversion libboost-dev libboost-python-dev \ libboost-thread-dev libboost-date-time-dev libboost-filesystem-dev \ libssl-dev zlib1g-dev python-setuptools \ python-mako python-twisted-web python-chardet python-simplejson I then build it $ python setup.py build and $ sudo python setup.py install then I get a long list at the end of which there is the error /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lboost_iostreams collect2: ld returned 1 exit status error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1 Can you help me out with this?

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  • How to read Unicode characters from command-line arguments in Python on Windows

    - by Craig McQueen
    I want my Python script to be able to read Unicode command line arguments in Windows. But it appears that sys.argv is a string encoded in some local encoding, rather than Unicode. How can I read the command line in full Unicode? Example code: argv.py import sys first_arg = sys.argv[1] print first_arg print type(first_arg) print first_arg.encode("hex") print open(first_arg) On my PC set up for Japanese code page, I get: C:\temp>argv.py "PC·??????08.09.24.doc" PC·??????08.09.24.doc <type 'str'> 50438145835c83748367905c90bf8f9130382e30392e32342e646f63 <open file 'PC·??????08.09.24.doc', mode 'r' at 0x00917D90> That's Shift-JIS encoded I believe, and it "works" for that filename. But it breaks for filenames with characters that aren't in the Shift-JIS character set—the final "open" call fails: C:\temp>argv.py Jörgen.txt Jorgen.txt <type 'str'> 4a6f7267656e2e747874 Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\temp\argv.py", line 7, in <module> print open(first_arg) IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'Jorgen.txt' Note—I'm talking about Python 2.x, not Python 3.0. I've found that Python 3.0 gives sys.argv as proper Unicode. But it's a bit early yet to transition to Python 3.0 (due to lack of 3rd party library support). Update: A few answers have said I should decode according to whatever the sys.argv is encoded in. The problem with that is that it's not full Unicode, so some characters are not representable. Here's the use case that gives me grief: I have enabled drag-and-drop of files onto .py files in Windows Explorer. I have file names with all sorts of characters, including some not in the system default code page. My Python script doesn't get the right Unicode filenames passed to it via sys.argv in all cases, when the characters aren't representable in the current code page encoding. There is certainly some Windows API to read the command line with full Unicode (and Python 3.0 does it). I assume the Python 2.x interpreter is not using it.

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  • GAE, Python 2.5, Python 2.6 Side-by-side on windows

    - by Software Enthusiastic
    Hi On my development system, I have python 2.6, python 1.1 and GAE. I have three projects running on python 2.6 and django 1.1. And 1 project using GAE, Python 2.6 and django 1.1. I have heard that, my set-up for running GAE using python 2.6 may create some head scratching problems while deploying it on the production server, because GAE supports only python 2.5. And using 2.6 is not recommended. Can I develop GAE application using python 2.6? If not what should be the solution, I am using Window vista as my development system.

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  • MacPorts on Snow Leopard: Python install seems to succeed but doesn't install a non-system Python

    - by thebossman
    I've installed Python via MacPorts. According to this question, the files in /opt/local/bin should run the "correct" Python version. However, all those files are symlinks to: /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/bin/ Running them directly from that folder (using no symlinks) runs an Apple build of Python! Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Jan 6 2011, 13:25:25) [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> For comparison, running /usr/bin/python shows a slightly different version: Python 2.6.1 (r261:67515, Jun 24 2010, 21:47:49) [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5646)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> They're both Apple builds! How do I install the correct version?

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  • Generate table schema inspecting Excel(CSV) and import data

    - by Frank Malina
    How would I go around creating a MYSQL table schema inspecting an Excel(or CSV) file. Are there any ready Python libraries for the task? Column headers would be sanitized to column names. Datatype would be estimated based on the contents of the spreadsheet column. When done, data would be loaded to the table. I have an Excel file of ~200 columns that I want to start normalizing.

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  • Improving the performance of a db import process

    - by mmr
    I have a program in Microsoft Access that processes text and also inserts data in MySQL database. This operation takes 30 mins or less to finished. I translated it into VB.NET and it takes 2 hours to finish. The program goes like this: A text file contains individual swipe from a corresponding person, it contains their id, time and date of swipe in the machine, and an indicator if it is a time-in or a time-out. I process this text, segregate the information and insert the time-in and time-out per row. I also check if there are double occurrences in the database. After checking, I simply merge the time-in and time-out of the corresponding person into one row only. This process takes 2 hours to finished in VB.NET considering I have a table to compare which contains 600,000+ rows. Now, I read in the internet that python is best in text processing, i already have a test but i doubt in database operation. What do you think is the best programming language for this kind of problem? How can I speed up the process? My first idea was using python instead of VB.NET, but since people here telling me here on SO that this most probably won't help I am searching for different solutions.

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  • matplotlib and python multithread file processing

    - by Napseis
    I have a large number of files to process. I have written a script that get, sort and plot the datas I want. So far, so good. I have tested it and it gives the desired result. Then I wanted to do this using multithreading. I have looked into the doc and examples on the internet, and using one thread in my program works fine. But when I use more, at some point I get random matplotlib error, and I suspect some conflict there, even though I use a function with names for the plots, and iI can't see where the problem could be. Here is the whole script should you need more comment, i'll add them. Thank you. #!/usr/bin/python import matplotlib matplotlib.use('GTKAgg') import numpy as np from scipy.interpolate import griddata import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.colors as mcl from matplotlib import rc #for latex import time as tm import sys import threading import Queue #queue in 3.2 and Queue in 2.7 ! import pdb #the debugger rc('text', usetex=True)#for latex map=0 #initialize the map index. It will be use to index the array like this: array[map,[x,y]] time=np.zeros(1) #an array to store the time middle_h=np.zeros((0,3)) #x phi c #for the middle of the box current_file=open("single_void_cyl_periodic_phi_c_middle_h_out",'r') for line in current_file: if line.startswith('# === time'): map+=1 np.append(time,[float(line.strip('# === time '))]) elif line.startswith('#'): pass else: v=np.fromstring(line,dtype=float,sep=' ') middle_h=np.vstack( (middle_h,v[[1,3,4]]) ) current_file.close() middle_h=middle_h.reshape((map,-1,3)) #3d array: map, x, phi,c ##### def load_and_plot(): #will load a map file, and plot it along with the corresponding profile loaded before while not exit_flag: print("fecthing work ...") #try: if not tasks_queue.empty(): map_index=tasks_queue.get() print("----> working on map: %s" %map_index) x,y,zp=np.loadtxt("single_void_cyl_growth_periodic_post_map_"+str(map_index),unpack=True, usecols=[1, 2,3]) for i,el in enumerate(zp): if el<0.: zp[i]=0. xv=np.unique(x) yv=np.unique(y) X,Y= np.meshgrid(xv,yv) Z = griddata((x, y), zp, (X, Y),method='nearest') figure=plt.figure(num=map_index,figsize=(14, 8)) ax1=plt.subplot2grid((2,2),(0,0)) ax1.plot(middle_h[map_index,:,0],middle_h[map_index,:,1],'*b') ax1.grid(True) ax1.axis([-15, 15, 0, 1]) ax1.set_title('Profiles') ax1.set_ylabel(r'$\phi$') ax1.set_xlabel('x') ax2=plt.subplot2grid((2,2),(1,0)) ax2.plot(middle_h[map_index,:,0],middle_h[map_index,:,2],'*r') ax2.grid(True) ax2.axis([-15, 15, 0, 1]) ax2.set_ylabel('c') ax2.set_xlabel('x') ax3=plt.subplot2grid((2,2),(0,1),rowspan=2,aspect='equal') sub_contour=ax3.contourf(X,Y,Z,np.linspace(0,1,11),vmin=0.) figure.colorbar(sub_contour,ax=ax3) figure.savefig('single_void_cyl_'+str(map_index)+'.png') plt.close(map_index) tasks_queue.task_done() else: print("nothing left to do, other threads finishing,sleeping 2 seconds...") tm.sleep(2) # except: # print("failed this time: %s" %map_index+". Sleeping 2 seconds") # tm.sleep(2) ##### exit_flag=0 nb_threads=2 tasks_queue=Queue.Queue() threads_list=[] jobs=list(range(map)) #each job is composed of a map print("inserting jobs in the queue...") for job in jobs: tasks_queue.put(job) print("done") #launch the threads for i in range(nb_threads): working_bee=threading.Thread(target=load_and_plot) working_bee.daemon=True print("starting thread "+str(i)+' ...') threads_list.append(working_bee) working_bee.start() #wait for all tasks to be treated tasks_queue.join() #flip the flag, so the threads know it's time to stop exit_flag=1 for t in threads_list: print("waiting for threads %s to stop..."%t) t.join() print("all threads stopped")

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  • Deploying Data Mining Models using Model Export and Import

    - by [email protected]
    In this post, we'll take a look at how Oracle Data Mining facilitates model deployment. After building and testing models, a next step is often putting your data mining model into a production system -- referred to as model deployment. The ability to move data mining model(s) easily into a production system can greatly speed model deployment, and reduce the overall cost. Since Oracle Data Mining provides models as first class database objects, models can be manipulated using familiar database techniques and technology. For example, one or more models can be exported to a flat file, similar to a database table dump file (.dmp). This file can be moved to a different instance of Oracle Database EE, and then imported. All methods for exporting and importing models are based on Oracle Data Pump technology and found in the DBMS_DATA_MINING package. Before performing the actual export or import, a directory object must be created. A directory object is a logical name in the database for a physical directory on the host computer. Read/write access to a directory object is necessary to access the host computer file system from within Oracle Database. For our example, we'll work in the DMUSER schema. First, DMUSER requires the privilege to create any directory. This is often granted through the sysdba account. grant create any directory to dmuser; Now, DMUSER can create the directory object specifying the path where the exported model file (.dmp) should be placed. In this case, on a linux machine, we have the directory /scratch/oracle. CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY dmdir AS '/scratch/oracle'; If you aren't sure of the exact name of the model or models to export, you can find the list of models using the following query: select model_name from user_mining_models; There are several options when exporting models. We can export a single model, multiple models, or all models in a schema using the following procedure calls: BEGIN   DBMS_DATA_MINING.EXPORT_MODEL ('MY_MODEL.dmp','dmdir','name =''MY_DT_MODEL'''); END; BEGIN   DBMS_DATA_MINING.EXPORT_MODEL ('MY_MODELS.dmp','dmdir',              'name IN (''MY_DT_MODEL'',''MY_KM_MODEL'')'); END; BEGIN   DBMS_DATA_MINING.EXPORT_MODEL ('ALL_DMUSER_MODELS.dmp','dmdir'); END; A .dmp file can be imported into another schema or database using the following procedure call, for example: BEGIN   DBMS_DATA_MINING.IMPORT_MODEL('MY_MODELS.dmp', 'dmdir'); END; As with models from any data mining tool, when moving a model from one environment to another, care needs to be taken to ensure the transformations that prepare the data for model building are matched (with appropriate parameters and statistics) in the system where the model is deployed. Oracle Data Mining provides automatic data preparation (ADP) and embedded data preparation (EDP) to reduce, or possibly eliminate, the need to explicitly transport transformations with the model. In the case of ADP, ODM automatically prepares the data and includes the necessary transformations in the model itself. In the case of EDP, users can associate their own transformations with attributes of a model. These transformations are automatically applied when applying the model to data, i.e., scoring. Exporting and importing a model with ADP or EDP results in these transformations being immediately available with the model in the production system.

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  • Piping SoX in Python - subprocess alternative?

    - by Cochise Ruhulessin
    I use SoX in an application. The application uses it to apply various operations on audiofiles, such as trimming. This works fine: from subprocess import Popen, PIPE kwargs = {'stdin': PIPE, 'stdout': PIPE, 'stderr': PIPE} pipe = Popen(['sox','-t','mp3','-', 'test.mp3','trim','0','15'], **kwargs) output, errors = pipe.communicate(input=open('test.mp3','rb').read()) if errors: raise RuntimeError(errors) This will cause problems on large files hower, since read() loads the complete file to memory; which is slow and may cause the pipes' buffer to overflow. A workaround exists: from subprocess import Popen, PIPE import tempfile import uuid import shutil import os kwargs = {'stdin': PIPE, 'stdout': PIPE, 'stderr': PIPE} tmp = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), uuid.uuid1().hex + '.mp3') pipe = Popen(['sox','test.mp3', tmp,'trim','0','15'], **kwargs) output, errors = pipe.communicate() if errors: raise RuntimeError(errors) shutil.copy2(tmp, 'test.mp3') os.remove(tmp) So the question stands as follows: Are there any alternatives to this approach, aside from writing a Python extension to the Sox C API?

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  • How to package up a Python 3 script with modules

    - by Brian
    I created a small script that uses a few 3rd-party modules. I'm not sure how to distribute it. I tried Pyinstaller, but that doesn't seem to work. It can't find the modules. When I give the binary to a co-worker, it says it is looking for files in my home directory ( not his ) and dies. I have found that Pyinstaller is not able to find most modules. I am running Python 3 and installed Pyinstaller with pip from Python 2. It did not work trying to use pip from Python 3. When, I give it a path to my modules, it complains that they are python 3 modules. Just looking for some clarification. Ultimately, I'd like to run this on a linux or OS X box where python and my modules probably won't be installed. I just started Python yesterday and have a ton to learn.

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  • Embedding Python in C: Having problems importin local modules

    - by Drew
    I'm needing to run Python scripts within a C-based app. I am able to import standard modules from the Python libraries i.e.: PyRun_SimpleString("import sys") But when I try to import a local module 'can' PyRun_SimpleString("import can") returns the error msg: Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in ImportError: No module named can When I type the command "import can" in iPython, the system is able to find it. How can I link my app with can? I've tried setting PYTHONPATH to my working directory. Thanks.

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  • Is Python Interpreted or Compiled?

    - by crodjer
    This is just a wondering I had while reading about interpreted and compiled languages. Ruby is no doubt an interpreted language, since source code is compiled by an interpreter at the point of execution. On the contrary C is a compiled language, as one have to compile the source code first according to the machine and then execute. This results is much faster execution. Now coming to Python: A python code (somefile.py) when imported creates a file (somefile.pyc) in the same directory. Let us say the import is done in a python shell or django module. After the import I change the code a bit and execute the imported functions again to find that it is still running the old code. This suggests that *.pyc files are compiled python files similar to executable created after compilation of a C file, though I can't execute *.pyc file directly. When the python file (somefile.py) is executed directly ( ./somefile.py or python somefile.py ) no .pyc file is created and the code is executed as is indicating interpreted behavior. These suggest that a python code is compiled every time it is imported in a new process to crate a .pyc while it is interpreted when directly executed. So which type of language should I consider it as? Interpreted or Compiled? And how does its efficiency compare to interpreted and compiled languages? According to wiki's Interpreted Languages page it is listed as a language compiled to Virtual Machine Code, what is meant by that? Update Looking at the answers it seems that there cannot be a perfect answer to my questions. Languages are not only interpreted or only compiled, but there is a spectrum of possibilities between interpreting and compiling. From the answers by aufather, mipadi, Lenny222, ykombinator, comments and wiki I found out that in python's major implementations it is compiled to bytecode, which is a highly compressed and optimized representation and is machine code for a virtual machine, which is implemented not in hardware, but in the bytecode interpreter. Also the the languages are not interpreted or compiled, but rather language implementations either interpret or compile code. I also found out about Just in time compilation As far as execution speed is concerned the various benchmarks cannot be perfect and depend on context and the task which is being performed. Please tell if I am wrong in my interpretations.

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  • Au revoir, Python?

    - by GuySmiley
    I'm an ex-C++ programmer who's recently discovered (and fallen head-over-heels with) Python. I've taken some time to become reasonably fluent in Python, but I've encountered some troubling realities that may lead me to drop it as my language of choice, at least for the time being. I'm writing this in the hopes that someone out there can talk me out of it by convincing me that my concerns are easily circumvented within the bounds of the python universe. I picked up python while looking for a single flexible language that will allow me to build end-to-end working systems quickly on a variety of platforms. These include: - web services - mobile apps - cross-platform client apps for PC Development speed is more of a priority at the time-being than execution speed. However, in order to improve performance over time without requiring major re-writes or architectural changes I think it's imperative to be able to interface easily with Java. That way, I can use Java to optimize specific components as the application scales, without throwing away any code. As far as I can tell, my requirement for an enterprise-capable, platform-independent, fast language with a large developer base means it would have to be Java. .NET or C++ would not cut it due to their respective limitations. Also Java is clearly de rigeur for most mobile platforms. Unfortunately, tragically, there doesn't seem to be a good way to meet all these demands. Jython seems to be what I'm looking for in principle, except that it appears to be practically dead, with no one developing, supporting, or using it to any great degree. And also Jython seems too married to the Java libraries, as you can't use many of the CPython standard libraries with it, which has a major impact on the code you end up writing. The only other option that I can see is to use JPype wrapped in marshalling classes, which may work although it seems like a pain and I wonder if it would be worth it in the long run. On the other hand, everything I'm looking for seems to be readily available by using JRuby, which seems to be much better supported. As things stand, I think this is my best option. I'm sad about this because I absolutely love everything about Python, including the syntax. The perl-like constructs in Ruby just feel like such a step backwards to me in terms of readability, but at the end of the day most of the benefits of python are available in Ruby as well. So I ask you - am I missing something here? Much of what I've said is based on what I've read, so is this summary of the current landscape accurate, or is there some magical solution to the Python-Java divide that will snuff these concerns and allow me to comfortably stay in my happy Python place?

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  • Python 3.1 books still directly applicable to learning Python 2.7?

    - by jaysun
    I need to learn Python (v2.7) for my job, and looking for the best intro book for professional programmers. I found (via amazon) that "The Quick Python Book" is the best, but it's for Python 3.1 I know there's a lot of similarities in 2.7 and 3.1, and somewhere read that you can mostly use 3.1 syntax in 2.7 as a good "future practice". Can someone with experience please verify that a book for learning Python3 would still be directly applicable for 2.7? Thank you very much. edit: "The Quick Python Book" is for 3.1

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  • python protobufs - avoid the install step ?

    - by orion elenzil
    i'm writing a small python utility which will be consumed by moderately non-technical users and which needs to interface w/ some protobufs. ideally, i would like the only prerequisites to using this on a local machine to be: have python installed * have an SVN checkout of the repository * run a simple bash script to build the local proto .py definitions * run "python myutility" i'm running into trouble around importing descriptor_pb2.py, tho. i've seen Why do I see "cannot import name descriptor_pb2" error when using Google Protocol Buffers? , but would like to avoid adding the additional prerequisite of having run the proto SDK installer. i've modified the bash script to also generate descriptor_pb2.py in the local heirarchy, which works for the first level of imports from my other _pb2.py files, but it looks like descriptor_pb2.py itself tries to import descriptor_pb2 can't find it: $ python myutility.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "myutility.py", line 4, in <module> import protos.myProto_pb2 File "/myPath/protos/myProto_pb2.py", line 8, in <module> from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2 File "/myPath/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb2.py", line 8, in <module> from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2 ImportError: cannot import name descriptor_pb2 my local folder looks like: * myutility.py * google/ * protobuf/ * descriptor.py * descriptor_pb2.py * protos * myProto_ob2.py also, i'm a python n00b, so it's possible i'm overlooking something obvious. tia, orion

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  • How to organize modules for PyPI to support 2.x and 3.x

    - by Craig McQueen
    I have a Python module that I would like to upload to PyPI. So far, it is working for Python 2.x. It shouldn't be too hard to write a version for 3.x now. But, after following guidelines for making modules in these places: Distributing Python Modules The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Packaging it's not clear to me how to support multiple source distributions for different versions of Python, and it's not clear if/how PyPI could support it. I envisage I would have separate code for: 2.x 2.6 (maybe, as a special case to use the new buffer API) 3.x How is it possible to set up a Python module in PyPI so that someone can do: easy_install modulename and it will install the right thing whether the user is using 2.x or 3.x?

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  • importing same module more than once

    - by wallacoloo
    So after a few hours, I discovered the cause of a bug in my application. My app's source is structure like: main/ __init__.py folderA/ __init__.py fileA.py fileB.py Really, there are about 50 more files. But that's not the point. In main/__init__.py, I have this code: from folderA.fileA import * in folderA/__init__.py I have this code: sys.path.append(pathToFolderA) in folderA/fileB.py I have this code: from fileA import * The problem is that fileA gets imported twice. However, I only want to import it once. The obvious way to fix this (to me atleast) is to change certain paths from path to folderA.path But I feel like Python should not even have this error in the first place. What other workarounds are there that don't require each file to know it's absolute location?

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  • Reinterpret a CGImageRef using PyObjC in Python

    - by Michael Rondinelli
    Hi, I'm doing something that's a little complicated to sum up in the title, so please bear with me. I'm writing a Python module that provides an interface to my C++ library, which provides some specialized image manipulation functionality. It would be most convenient to be able to access image buffers as CGImageRefs from Python, so they could be manipulated further using Quartz (using PyObjC, which works well). So I have a C++ function that provides a CGImageRef representation from my own image buffers, like this: CGImageRef CreateCGImageRefForImageBuffer(shared_ptr<ImageBuffer> buffer); I'm using Boost::Python to create my Python bridge. What is the easiest way for me to export this function so that I can use the CGImageRef from Python? Problems: The CGImageRef type can't be exported directly because it is a pointer to an undefined struct. So I could make a wrapper function that wraps it in a PyCObject or something to get it to send the pointer to Python. But then how do I "cast" this object to a CGImageRef from Python? Is there a better way to go about this?

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  • Accessing Python module fails although its package is imported

    - by codethief
    Hey Stackers! :) My Django project's directory hierarchy looks like this: + pybsd |---+ devices |---+ templates |---+ views |---+ interaction |---- __init__.py |---- geraete.py |---- geraetemodelle.py |---- geraetegruppen.py |---- __init__.py |---- ajax.py |---- html.py |---- misc.py |---- __init__.py |---- urls.py |---- __init__.py |---- urls.py (Please excuse the German names. I preferred not to replace them here since it would add yet another possible error source when trying out the solutions you'll hopefully suggest and answering your questions.) Every request to http://URL/devices/.* is dispatched to the urls.py file living in /devices: # ... from views import html, ajax, misc, interaction urlpatterns = patterns('', # ... (r'^ajax/update/(?P<table>[a-z_]+)$', ajax.update), (r'^ajax/delete/(?P<table>[a-z_]+)$', ajax.delete), (r'^ajax/select_options/(?P<table>[a-z_]+)$', ajax.select_options), (r'^interaction/geraete/info/(?P<geraet>\d+)$', interaction.geraete.info), (r'^interaction/geraete/delete/(?P<geraet>\d+)?$', interaction.geraete.delete), (r'^interaction/geraetemodelle/delete/(?P<geraetemodell>\d+)?$', interaction.geraetemodelle.delete), (r'^interaction/geraetegruppen/delete/(?P<geraetegruppe>\d+)?$', interaction.geraetegruppen.delete), # ... ) All URL definitions work except for those referencing the interaction package. I'm constantly getting the following error: File "/home/simon/projekte/pybsd/../pybsd/devices/urls.py", line 33, in `<module>` (r'^interaction/geraete/info/(?P<geraet>\d+)$', interaction.geraete.info), AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'geraete' I double-checked that the __init__.py files don't contain anything. Maybe you've already found the (Python- or Django-related?) mistake I made and am apparently unable to see. If not, read on. In any case, thanks for reading this long post! Isolating the problem 1st test It works if I provide the view functions as strings: (r'^interaction/geraete/info/(?P<geraet>\d+)$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraete.info'), (r'^interaction/geraete/delete/(?P<geraet>\d+)?$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraete.delete'), (r'^interaction/geraetemodelle/delete/(?P<geraetemodell>\d+)?$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraetemodelle.delete'), (r'^interaction/geraetegruppen/delete/(?P<geraetegruppe>\d+)?$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraetegruppen.delete'), ... or add yet another line to the imports: from views.interaction import geraete, geraetemodelle, geraetegruppen Using from views.interaction import *, however, doesn't work either and results in the same error message. 2nd test I created a file test.py in /devices: from views import interaction print dir(interaction) Output: simon@bsd-simon:~/projekte/pybsd/devices$ python test.py ['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__'] Again, no sign of the modules I created in the interaction package (geraete.py, geraetemodelle.py, geraetegruppen.py). Unlike in urls.py, trying from view.interaction import geraete, geraetegruppen, geraetemodelle in test.py results in ImportError: No module named view.interaction this time. 3rd test I started the Django shell: $ python manage.py shell >>> import devices.views.interaction.geraete >>> dir(devices.views.interaction.geraete) ['Abteilung', 'Auftrag', 'Auftragsvorlage', 'Geraet', 'Geraetegruppe', 'Geraetemodell', 'HttpResponse', 'HttpResponseBadRequest', 'HttpResponseRedirect', 'Raum', 'Standort', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', 'delete', 'info', 'models', 'move', 'render_to_response'] >>> $ python manage.py shell >>> from devices.views.interaction import geraete >>> dir(geraete) ['Abteilung', 'Auftrag', 'Auftragsvorlage', 'Geraet', 'Geraetegruppe', 'Geraetemodell', 'HttpResponse', 'HttpResponseBadRequest', 'HttpResponseRedirect', 'Raum', 'Standort', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', 'delete', 'info', 'models', 'move', 'render_to_response'] >>> $ python manage.py shell >>> import devices.views.interaction >>> devices.views.interaction.geraete Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'geraete' >>> dir(devices.views.interaction) ['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__']

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