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  • How to reliably mount a shared folder /volume/folder at boot up

    - by Tanmay
    Following is my sample.sh in /usr/local/bin/ #!/bin/sh mkdir -p /Volumes/folder mount -t afp -o rw afp://user:password@server_name/folder_name /Volumes/folder Following is my com.apple.sample.plist in /Library/LaunchAgents/ ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>Label</key> <string>com.apple.sample</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/usr/local/bin/sample.sh</string> </array> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> </dict> </plist> Where as when I am able to run sample.sh independently and is working fine. Also I have tried using launchd.conf as mkdir -p /Volumes/folder mount -t afp -o rw afp://user:[email protected]/testsuites /Volumes/folder Still not working.

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  • Centos Xen resizing DomU partition and volume group

    - by thepearson
    I have a setup like so: Dom0 LV | DomU Physical Disk | | XVDA1 XVDA2 (/boot) (DomU PV) | VolGroup00 (DomU VG) | | LogVol00 LogVol01 (swap) (/) I am trying to resize the DomU root Filesystem. (VolGroup00-LogVol01) I realize that I now need to resize the partition XVDA2, however when I try doing this with parted on Dom0 it just tells me "Error: Could not detect file system." So to resize the root part VolGroup-LogVol00 shouldn't the process be: # Shut down DomU xm shutdown domU #Resize Dom0 Logical volume lvextend -L+2G /dev/volumes/domU-vol # Parted parted /dev/volumes/domU-vol # Resize root partition resize 2 START END (This is where I get an error) "Error: Could not detect file system." # add the vm volume group to Dom0 lvm kpartx -a /dev/volumes/domU-vol # resize the domU PV pvresize /dev/mapper/domU-pl (as listed in pvdisplay) # The domU volume group should automatically adjust # resize the DomU lv lvextend -L+2G /dev/VolGroup/LogVol00 And then obviously increase the fs, remove the device from kpartx etc The problem is I dont know how to resize the partition? How do I resize this partition so I can run pvresize on the DomU? Thanks

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  • OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard no longer mounting an external USB drive

    - by Brant Bobby
    I have a 1TB generic external hard drive containing a single HFS partition. I originally formatted this using Disk Utility and it worked fine. Now, for some reason, it's not auto-mounting when I start up. Using mount at the command line gives the following error: $ sudo mount /dev/disk1s2 /Volumes/Test /dev/disk1s2 on /Volumes/Test: Incorrect super block. ... but if I use the mount_hfs command it works fine, mounts, and is readable. $ mount_hfs /dev/disk1s2 /Volumes/Test/ fsck gives me an error about a bad super block: $ fsck /dev/disk1 ** /dev/rdisk1 (NO WRITE) BAD SUPER BLOCK: MAGIC NUMBER WRONG ... but fsck_hfs -fn /dev/disk1s2 doesn't find any problems and reports that the volume appears to be OK. In Disk Utility, the drive appears to have a single MS-DOS partition with a curious notice about how it appears to be partitioned for Boot Camp: I have the Boot Camp HFS driver installed in WIndows 7, and that OS sees the drive/partition normally. What's wrong with my disk?

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  • mdadm auto grow raid

    - by johannes
    I have a raid0/1 on lvm logical volumes. I resized the logical volumes. Now I want to resize the raid to use the complete logical volumes. This can be done with mdadm /dev/md? --grow -z newsize But somehow I can't figure out how to calculate the newsize argument. Is there a way to tell mdadm to grow to the biggest possible size? If not, how do I calculate the biggest possible size of the raid to use for the newsize argument?

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  • zip being too nice (osX)

    - by stib
    I use zip to do a regular backup of a local directory onto a remote machine. They don't believe in things like rsync here, so it's the best I can do (?). Here's the script I use echo $(date)>>~/backuplog.txt; if [[ -e /Volumes/backup/ ]]; then cd /Volumes/Non-RAID_Storage/; for file in projects/*; do nice -n 10 zip -vru9 /Volumes/backup/nonRaidStorage.backup.zip "$file" 2>&1 | grep -v "zip info: local extra (21 bytes)">>~/backuplog.txt; done; else echo "backup volume not mounted">>~/backuplog.txt; fi this all works fine, except that zip never uses much CPU, so it seems to be taking longer than it should. It never seems to get above 5%. I tried making it nice -20 but that didn't make any difference. Is it just the network or disc speeds bottlenecking the process or am I doing something wrong?

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  • How to automount SMB shared network drives in Mac OS X Lion

    - by cyppher
    In Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion) Apple has replaced good old SMB support. Now I can't auto connect to my shared (SMB) network drives. Workarounds? Or Impossible? In OS X Snow Leopard, I could automatically connect my Ubuntu (SMB) shared network drives with auto_smb / auto_master (autofs configuration in /private/etc/). I made three mount points (folders) directly in '/Volumes', I used /Volumes/Data and /Volumes/webroot (both SMB shared). Unfortunately Lion doesn't connect (automount) my network drives. I have to manually connect to the server (Ubuntu file server) in Finder, then open up Terminal to navigate to the mount points, and then it connects. This is not a workable solution. I've searched (Google/SO) but found no solutions apart from an unsupported hack. Isn't it possible any more to automatically connect to an SMB-shared drive during startup?

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  • rsync creating thousands of ..ds_store files from mounted volume

    - by daniel Crabbe
    I've been using rsync on OS X to sync all our website admins. It was working fine until the OS X 10.6.3 update! Now it creates thousands of empty (0-kb) folders. It only does it when synching to a mounted network drive (which we need to do) as when I sync to my local drive it works as usual! I've tried excludes which don't seem to be working... also tried a different version of rsync so it's an OS X issue. echo "" echo "~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*" echo " SYNCING up KINEMASTIK" echo "~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*" /usr/local/bin/rsync -aNHAXv --progress --exclude-from 'exclude.txt' /Volumes/Groups/Projects/483_Modern_Activity_Website/web/youradmin/ /Users/dan/Dropbox/documents/WORK/kinemastik/WEBSITE/youradmin/ echo "" echo "~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*" echo " SYNCING up CHRIS BROOKS YOURADMIN" echo "~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*~*" /usr/local/bin/rsync -aNHAXv --progress --exclude-from 'exclude.txt' /Volumes/Groups/Projects/483_Modern_Activity_Website/web/youradmin/ /Volumes/Groups/Projects/516_ChrisBrooks/website/youradmin/ Has anyone experienced the same problem?

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  • 3 TB HDD won't reactivate

    - by isif
    After doing a clean install of Windows 8 my Seagate 3 TB HDD won't reactivate in Disk Management. The two volumes are there but I can't use them for some reason. The drive was previously used with a GPT partition table, I can see the two spanned volumes but can't reactivate either. I backed up all my files from Windows 7 onto that drive and desperately need them back. What can and should I do to get the drive back up and running? When I go to Disk → Properties → Volumes, it claims the drive has a MBR partition style, so converting to GPT somehow without data loss should work. gDisk claims to be able to do that but when I point it to the drive, it claims that it has a GPT partition and a protected MBR partition. Any suggestions on what to do?

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  • Is there any way to stop or pause Windows fake-raid re-synching?

    - by haimg
    I have two physical disks, each one holds two volumes, they are Windows fake-RAID1. E.g.: Disk A: Partition1 Partition2 Disk B: Partition1-Mirror Partition2-Mirror After an unclean reboot, Windows started resynching these as expected. What was not expected, however, is that it started resynching both volumes at the same time. Both disks seek back and forth like crazy, and synching performance is horrible. Question: Is these any option to stop or pause synching of just one volume? I know I can put one of the disks offline, but that will stop synchronization of all volumes on that disk. Note: I have certain reasons why I need to torture myself with Windows RAID. I'm not interested in alternative RAID solutions right now.

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  • zip being too nice (Mac OS X)

    - by stib
    I use zip to do a regular backup of a local directory onto a remote machine. They don't believe in things like rsync here, so it's the best I can do (?). Here's the script I use echo $(date)>>~/backuplog.txt; if [[ -e /Volumes/backup/ ]]; then cd /Volumes/Non-RAID_Storage/; for file in projects/*; do nice -n 10 zip -vru9 /Volumes/backup/nonRaidStorage.backup.zip "$file" 2>&1 | grep -v "zip info: local extra (21 bytes)">>~/backuplog.txt; done; else echo "backup volume not mounted">>~/backuplog.txt; fi This all works fine, except that zip never uses much CPU, so it seems to be taking longer than it should. It never seems to get above 5%. I tried making it nice -20 but that didn't make any difference. Is it just the network or disc speeds bottlenecking the process or am I doing something wrong?

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  • Change Drobo directory permissions

    - by Steven Scott
    I have a Drobo unit that is connected via fire-wire to a Dell notebook. Using Ubuntu 12.04. I can not seem to change the permissions to allow all users to have read/write access to the drives. The unit is automatically mounting the volumes as my user using the system, so other applications can not access the device. I want to set up a Plex Media Server to stream music, etc... but it will not scan the drives since it can not access them. How can I change the permissions to allow everyone to read the volumes? IF I add them to the fstab as ntfs volumes, Ubuntu reports that they are not available during the boot up, likely due to the fire-wire not having found the drives yet. Any ideas or suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Why can't add a hot spare in freebsd? Can anybody help me fix it?

    - by hamlet
    Why can't add a hot spare? Can anybody help me fix it? mfiutil add e1:s1 mfid0 mfiutil: Drive 1 is not available My mfi status:: mfiutil show config mfi0 Configuration: 1 arrays, 1 volumes, 0 spares array 0 of 2 drives: drive 0 ( 137G) ONLINE <HITACHI HUS153014VLS300 A410 serial=JFWHSB4C> SAS enclosure 1, slot 0 drive 1 ( 137G) ONLINE <HITACHI HUS153014VLS300 A410 serial=JFWJ3AEC> SAS enclosure 1, slot 1 volume mfid0 (136G) RAID-1 64K OPTIMAL spans: array 0 mfiutil show events 1468 (boot + 25s/BATTERY/WARN) - Battery removed 1475 (boot + 52s/DRIVE/WARN) - PD 00(e1/s0) is not a certified drive 1478 (boot + 52s/DRIVE/WARN) - PD 01(e1/s1) is not a certified drive 1480 (boot + 64s/BATTERY/WARN) - BBU disabled; changing WB virtual disks to WT mfiutil show volumes mfi0 Volumes: Id Size Level Stripe State Cache Name mfid0 ( 136G) RAID-1 64K OPTIMAL Disabled

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  • Is it possible to convert striped logical volume to linear logical volume?

    - by JooMing
    I've a logical volume that is striped across three physical volumes. I had to move this logical volume to another physical volume. This worked nicely with pvmove command. However, I discovered later that the logical volume is still striped and now all three stripes are on the same physical volume. Is there any way to convert striped logical volumes to linear logical volumes? I'm using LVM2 on linux. I figured that the obvious possibility is to rename the striped logical volume, create a new linear logical volume, and then copy data over, but that requires taking the filesystem system offline for some time. Unfortunately, I can't do that before the next week. Is there any better alternative?

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  • Disk space mismatch on OS X Server (Leopard)

    - by John Gardeniers
    My Nagios system sent me an alert to inform me that the disk space on one of the drives on our OS X server is very low. When I run df /Volumes/Apps/ I get /dev/disk0s3 117209520 114932472 2277048 99% /Volumes/Apps When I run du -c /Volumes/Apps it reports 11489944 total Why might there be such a vast difference? Even more importantly, how do I find the problem and what can I do about it? I'm essentially just a Windows admin, so am well out of my comfort zone here. I use a Mac but I'm not a Mac admin in any real sense of the word.

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  • How to install Ubuntu 12.04.1 in EFI mode with Encrypted LVM?

    - by g0lem
    I'm trying to properly install Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS 64-bit PC (AMD64) with the alternate install CD ".iso" on a lenovo Thinkpad X220. Default Hard Disk (with a pre-installed version of Windows 7) has been replaced with a brand new SSD. The UEFI BIOS of the lenovo Thinkpad X220 is set to "UEFI Boot only" & "USB UEFI BIOS Support" is enabled (I'm using an external USB DVD reader to perform Ubuntu installation). The BIOS is a Phoenix SecureCore Tiano, BIOS version is 8DET56WW (1.26). The attempts below are made with the UEFI BIOS settings described above. Here's what I've tried so far: Boot on a live GParted CD Create a GPT partition table Create a FAT32 partition for UEFI System, set the partition to "EF00" type ("boot" flag) Leave remaining space unformated Boot on Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS 64-bit PC (AMD64) with alternate CD: Perform the install with network updates enabled Use manual partitioning FAT32 partition created with GParted is used as "EFI System partition" Remaining space is set to be used as "Physical volume for LVM" Then "Configure encrypted volumes" using the previous "Physical volume for LVM" as the encrypted container, passphrase is setup. "Configure the Logical Volume Manager" creating a volume Group using the encrypted container /dev/mapper/sda2_crypt Creation of the Logical Volumes "Create logical volume", choosing the previously created volume Group Assign a mount point and file system to the Logical volumes : LV-root for / LV-var for /var LV-usr for /usr LV-usr-local for /usr/local LV-swap for swap LV-home for /home NOTE: /tmp would be in RAM only using TMPFS Bootloader step: neither my ESP partition (/dev/sda1, /dev/sda or MBR) seems to be the right place for GRUB, I get the following message (X suffix is for demonstration only): unable to install grub in /dev/sdaX Executing 'grub-install /dev/sdaX' failed This is a fatal error. Finish installation without the Bootloader & Reboot The system doesn't start, there's no EFI/GRUB menu at startup. What are the steps to perform a clean and working installation of Ubuntu 12.04.1 Precise Pangolin, 64bit version in U(EFI) mode using the encrypted LUKS + LVM scheme described above?

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  • Shared storage solution for our sql server backups

    - by Gokhan
    We have 3 clustered sql servers. We have 5+ multi terrabyte databases and their backup files (compressed using quest litespeed) are hitting over 600gb each, We are required to keep at least a week or two weeks (if we can) of weekly full backups and then 6 days differential backups, and a week or 2 weeks worth of log backups local. We are currently limited to 2TB volumes from our san team, we can have multiple volumes but they are expensive ($200 per raw TB per month) and having to deal with many backup volumes instead of a single big volume is difficult. I think if we could have a shared network storage of 20TB+ raid 10 or so for all our servers for keeping the backups and another department will copy them to tape from the network storage and delete files according to the retention period would be good, if this box would be a build in operating system (even unix a complete file storage system) that would be good. What do you guys think, does this make sense to you, is there any manufacturer that sells a storage product like that which that work in a clustered environment? Thank you

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  • rsync osx to linux

    - by Nick
    I did a backup to a remote nfs folder with rsync, from a MAC to a Remote Debian. The final backup is 58GB less than the original. Rsync says that everything was OK, and nothing to update. Macintosh:/Volumes/Data1 root# du -sh Produccion/ 319G Produccion/ root@Disketera:/mnt/soho_storage/samba/shares# du -sh Produccion/ 260G Produccion/ can I trust in rsync? I'm using rsync -av --stats /Volumes/Data1/Produccion/ /mnt/red/ (/mnt/red is my samba mountpoint) Some differents folders root@Disketera:/mnt/soho_storage/samba/shares/Produccion/tiposok# du -sh * 0 IndoSanBol 0 IndoSans-Bold 0 IndoSans-Italic 0 IndoSans-Light 0 IndoSans-Regular 40K PalatinoLTStd-Black.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-BlackItalic.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-Bold.otf 44K PalatinoLTStd-BoldItalic.otf 44K PalatinoLTStd-Italic.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-Light.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-LightItalic.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-Medium.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-MediumItalic.otf 56K PalatinoLTStd-Roman.otf 12K TCL IndoSans_mac Macintosh:/Volumes/Data1/Produccion/tiposok root# du -sh * 36K IndoSanBol 40K IndoSans-Bold 36K IndoSans-Italic 36K IndoSans-Light 36K IndoSans-Regular 40K PalatinoLTStd-Black.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-BlackItalic.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-Bold.otf 44K PalatinoLTStd-BoldItalic.otf 44K PalatinoLTStd-Italic.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-Light.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-LightItalic.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-Medium.otf 40K PalatinoLTStd-MediumItalic.otf 56K PalatinoLTStd-Roman.otf 160K TCL IndoSans_mac

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  • SQL Server plus small files

    - by user1467163
    I have a MSSQL server, 3 volumes, that runs some processes that seem to take way too long. One of these processes reads in a zip file, then writes to a database based on what's in the zip file.... for each record. I have 2 volumes in use and am creating the third- so I am trying to plan how to do this. OS has to remain on vol. 1. The TLogs should probably go on the new volume and the mdf's on the existing vol.2.. Do I put the file store on the volume with the MDF's so they don't interfere with the TLog writes, or with the TLogs so they don't interfere with the TLog flush to the MDFs? I know it's best to have more servers / volumes but I have to make do with whats on hand for now. I appreciate any suggestions.

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  • External Hard Disk's secter could not be read ?

    - by mgpyone
    I've an 500 GB Seagate External Hard Disk (NTFS) . Currently, I can't open it at Windows. Thus, I've tired with chkdsk command .. but still it stopped and can't continue checking disk.. Also I've tired with fsck on Mac . Then, it shows me the Error .. /Volumes/<HD Name>/ is not a character device CONTINUE? yes /Volumes/<HD Name>/ (NO WRITE) CANNOT READ: BLK 16 CONTINUE? yes THE FOLLOWING DISK SECTORS COULD NOT BE READ: 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, ioctl (GCINFO): Inappropriate ioctl for device fsck: /Volumes/<HD Name>/: can't read disk label The volume I've used is around 300 GB , Thus, it's hard to back up and format again . Thus, any helpful suggestions and solutions will be appreciated pretty well.

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  • mac os x, find all symbolic links that point to files on a different volume

    - by Eddified
    In my ~ dir, I have some symlinks that point to "/Volumes/Macintosh HD 2/..." and I want to find them all recursively. A look at the man page for 'find' says the '-lname' argument will search the symbolic link contents. It appears to work, but not recursively: $ pwd /Users/myusername $ sudo find . -lname '/Volumes*' $ cd Documents/ $ sudo find . -lname '/Volumes*' ./Documents on Win7 ./work.rtf What's going on? How can I make this work recursively? -- The 'find' program is supposed to always work recursively. I checked perms, they look ok, but as you can see I used "sudo" just to be sure... no dice. $ ls -ld Documents/ drwx------+ 14 myusername staff 476 Jan 12 16:32 Documents/

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  • How can I get the mount path of a USB device on OSX?

    - by xastor
    I have a backup script that backs up some data to a USB device. The problem I have is that OSX sometimes changes the expected mount path. For example if some file is locked under the expected mount path, OSX mounts it on another path. A USB device named 'BACKUP' can be mounted at /Volumes/BACKUP-1 instead of /Volumes/BACKUP. Is there a way to finding out the current mount path of a USB device in the OSX Terminal? Something like 'mount_path BACKUP' (command is fake) which would then return '/Volumes/BACKUP-1' or nothing if the device was not mounted?

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  • filtering itunes library items by file location

    - by Cawas
    The Problem I've got way more than 1000 duplicated items in my iTunes Library pointing to a non-existant place (the "where" under "get info" window), along with other duplicated items and other MIAs (Missing In Action). Is there any simple way to just delete all of them and only them? By that I mean some MIAs are pointing to /Volumes while some are pointing to .../music/Music/... or just .../music/.... I want to delete all pointing to /Volumes as to later I'll recover the rest. Check the image below. Some Background I tried searching for a specific key word on the path and creating smart play list, but with no result. Being able to just sort all library by path would be a perfect solution! I believe old iTunes could do that. PowerTunes can do it (sort by path) but I can't do anything with its list. Yes, all of the /Volumes look like that.

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  • Running OpenStack Icehouse with ZFS Storage Appliance

    - by Ronen Kofman
    Couple of months ago Oracle announced the support for OpenStack Cinder plugin with ZFS Storage Appliance (aka ZFSSA).  With our recent release of the Icehouse tech preview I thought it is a good opportunity to demonstrate the ZFSSA plugin working with Icehouse. One thing that helps a lot to get started with ZFSSA is that it has a VirtualBox simulator. This simulator allows users to try out the appliance’s features before getting to a real box. Users can test the functionality and design an environment even before they have a real appliance which makes the deployment process much more efficient. With OpenStack this is especially nice because having a simulator on the other end allows us to test the complete set of the Cinder plugin and check the entire integration on a single server or even a laptop. Let’s see how this works Installing and Configuring the Simulator To get started we first need to download the simulator, the simulator is available here, unzip it and it is ready to be imported to VirtualBox. If you do not already have VirtualBox installed you can download it from here according to your platform of choice. To import the simulator go to VirtualBox console File -> Import Appliance , navigate to the location of the simulator and import the virtual machine. When opening the virtual machine you will need to make the following changes: - Network – by default the network is “Host Only” , the user needs to change that to “Bridged” so the VM can connect to the network and be accessible. - Memory (optional) – the VM comes with a default of 2560MB which may be fine but if you have more memory that could not hurt, in my case I decided to give it 8192 - vCPU (optional) – the default the VM comes with 1 vCPU, I decided to change it to two, you are welcome to do so too. And here is how the VM looks like: Start the VM, when the boot process completes we will need to change the root password and the simulator is running and ready to go. Now that the simulator is up and running we can access simulated appliance using the URL https://<IP or DNS name>:215/, the IP is showing on the virtual machine console. At this stage we will need to configure the appliance, in my case I did not change any of the default (in other words pressed ‘commit’ several times) and the simulated appliance was configured and ready to go. We will need to enable REST access otherwise Cinder will not be able to call the appliance we do that in Configuration->Services and at the end of the page there is ‘REST’ button, enable it. If you are a more advanced user you can set additional features in the appliance but for the purpose of this demo this is sufficient. One final step will be to create a pool, go to Configuration -> Storage and add a pool as shown below the pool is named “default”: The simulator is now running, configured and ready for action. Configuring Cinder Back to OpenStack, I have a multi node deployment which we created according to the “Getting Started with Oracle VM, Oracle Linux and OpenStack” guide using Icehouse tech preview release. Now we need to install and configure the ZFSSA Cinder plugin using the README file. In short the steps are as follows: 1. Copy the file from here to the control node and place them at: /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/cinder/volume/drivers/zfssa 2. Configure the plugin, editing /etc/cinder/cinder.conf # Driver to use for volume creation (string value) #volume_driver=cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMISCSIDriver volume_driver=cinder.volume.drivers.zfssa.zfssaiscsi.ZFSSAISCSIDriver zfssa_host = <HOST IP> zfssa_auth_user = root zfssa_auth_password = <ROOT PASSWORD> zfssa_pool = default zfssa_target_portal = <HOST IP>:3260 zfssa_project = test zfssa_initiator_group = default zfssa_target_interfaces = e1000g0 3. Restart the cinder-volume service: service openstack-cinder-volume restart 4. Look into the log file, this will tell us if everything works well so far. If you see any errors fix them before continuing. 5. Install iscsi-initiator-utils package, this is important since the plugin uses iscsi commands from this package: yum install -y iscsi-initiator-utils The installation and configuration are very simple, we do not need to have a “project” in the ZFSSA but we do need to define a pool. Creating and Using Volumes in OpenStack We are now ready to work, to get started lets create a volume in OpenStack and see it showing up on the simulator: #  cinder create 2 --display-name my-volume-1 +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ |       Property      |                Value                 | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ |     attachments     |                  []                  | |  availability_zone  |                 nova                 | |       bootable      |                false                 | |      created_at     |      2014-08-12T04:24:37.806752      | | display_description |                 None                 | |     display_name    |             my-volume-1              | |      encrypted      |                False                 | |          id         | df67c447-9a36-4887-a8ff-74178d5d06ee | |       metadata      |                  {}                  | |         size        |                  2                   | |     snapshot_id     |                 None                 | |     source_volid    |                 None                 | |        status       |               creating               | |     volume_type     |                 None                 | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ In the simulator: Extending the volume to 5G: # cinder extend df67c447-9a36-4887-a8ff-74178d5d06ee 5 In the simulator: Creating templates using Cinder Volumes By default OpenStack supports ephemeral storage where an image is copied into the run area during instance launch and deleted when the instance is terminated. With Cinder we can create persistent storage and launch instances from a Cinder volume. Booting from volume has several advantages, one of the main advantages of booting from volumes is speed. No matter how large the volume is the launch operation is immediate there is no copying of an image to a run areas, an operation which can take a long time when using ephemeral storage (depending on image size). In this deployment we have a Glance image of Oracle Linux 6.5, I would like to make it into a volume which I can boot from. When creating a volume from an image we actually “download” the image into the volume and making the volume bootable, this process can take some time depending on the image size, during the download we will see the following status: # cinder create --image-id 487a0731-599a-499e-b0e2-5d9b20201f0f --display-name ol65 2 # cinder list +--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+------+-------------+ |                  ID                  |    Status   | Display Name | Size | Volume Type | … +--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+------+------------- | df67c447-9a36-4887-a8ff-74178d5d06ee |  available  | my-volume-1  |  5   |     None    | … | f61702b6-4204-4f10-8bdf-7da792f15c28 | downloading |     ol65     |  2   |     None    | … +--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------+------+-------------+ After the download is complete we will see that the volume status changed to “available” and that the bootable state is “true”. We can use this new volume to boot an instance from or we can use it as a template. Cinder can create a volume from another volume and ZFSSA can replicate volumes instantly in the back end. The result is an efficient template model where users can spawn an instance from a “template” instantly even if the template is very large in size. Let’s try replicating the bootable volume with the Oracle Linux 6.5 on it creating additional 3 bootable volumes: # cinder create 2 --source-volid f61702b6-4204-4f10-8bdf-7da792f15c28 --display-name ol65-bootable-1 # cinder create 2 --source-volid f61702b6-4204-4f10-8bdf-7da792f15c28 --display-name ol65-bootable-2 # cinder create 2 --source-volid f61702b6-4204-4f10-8bdf-7da792f15c28 --display-name ol65-bootable-3 # cinder list +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+ |                  ID                  |   Status  |   Display Name  | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+ | 9bfe0deb-b9c7-4d97-8522-1354fc533c26 | available | ol65-bootable-2 |  2   |     None    |   true   |             | | a311a855-6fb8-472d-b091-4d9703ef6b9a | available | ol65-bootable-1 |  2   |     None    |   true   |             | | df67c447-9a36-4887-a8ff-74178d5d06ee | available |   my-volume-1   |  5   |     None    |  false   |             | | e7fbd2eb-e726-452b-9a88-b5eee0736175 | available | ol65-bootable-3 |  2   |     None    |   true   |             | | f61702b6-4204-4f10-8bdf-7da792f15c28 | available |       ol65      |  2   |     None    |   true   |             | +--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+ Note that the creation of those 3 volume was almost immediate, no need to download or copy, ZFSSA takes care of the volume copy for us. Start 3 instances: # nova boot --boot-volume a311a855-6fb8-472d-b091-4d9703ef6b9a --flavor m1.tiny ol65-instance-1 --nic net-id=25b19746-3aea-4236-8193-4c6284e76eca # nova boot --boot-volume 9bfe0deb-b9c7-4d97-8522-1354fc533c26 --flavor m1.tiny ol65-instance-2 --nic net-id=25b19746-3aea-4236-8193-4c6284e76eca # nova boot --boot-volume e7fbd2eb-e726-452b-9a88-b5eee0736175 --flavor m1.tiny ol65-instance-3 --nic net-id=25b19746-3aea-4236-8193-4c6284e76eca Instantly replicating volumes is a very powerful feature, especially for large templates. The ZFSSA Cinder plugin allows us to take advantage of this feature of ZFSSA. By offloading some of the operations to the array OpenStack create a highly efficient environment where persistent volume can be instantly created from a template. That’s all for now, with this environment you can continue to test ZFSSA with OpenStack and when you are ready for the real appliance the operations will look the same. @RonenKofman

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  • Bacula windows client could not connect to Bacula director

    - by pr0f-r00t
    I have a Bacula server on my Linux Debian squeeze host (Bacula version 5.0.2) and a Bacula client on Windows XP SP3. On my network each client can see each other, can share files and can ping. On my local server I could run bconsole and the server responds but when I run bconsole or bat on my windows client the server does not respond. Here are my configuration files: bacula-dir.conf: # # Default Bacula Director Configuration file # # The only thing that MUST be changed is to add one or more # file or directory names in the Include directive of the # FileSet resource. # # For Bacula release 5.0.2 (28 April 2010) -- debian squeeze/sid # # You might also want to change the default email address # from root to your address. See the "mail" and "operator" # directives in the Messages resource. # Director { # define myself Name = nima-desktop-dir DIRport = 9101 # where we listen for UA connections QueryFile = "/etc/bacula/scripts/query.sql" WorkingDirectory = "/var/lib/bacula" PidDirectory = "/var/run/bacula" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 1 Password = "Cv70F6pf1t6pBopT4vQOnigDrR0v3L" # Console password Messages = Daemon DirAddress = 127.0.0.1 # DirAddress = 72.16.208.1 } JobDefs { Name = "DefaultJob" Type = Backup Level = Incremental Client = nima-desktop-fd FileSet = "Full Set" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = File Priority = 10 Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%c.bsr" } # # Define the main nightly save backup job # By default, this job will back up to disk in /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir Job { Name = "BackupClient1" JobDefs = "DefaultJob" } #Job { # Name = "BackupClient2" # Client = nima-desktop2-fd # JobDefs = "DefaultJob" #} # Backup the catalog database (after the nightly save) Job { Name = "BackupCatalog" JobDefs = "DefaultJob" Level = Full FileSet="Catalog" Schedule = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" # This creates an ASCII copy of the catalog # Arguments to make_catalog_backup.pl are: # make_catalog_backup.pl <catalog-name> RunBeforeJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/make_catalog_backup.pl MyCatalog" # This deletes the copy of the catalog RunAfterJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/delete_catalog_backup" Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%n.bsr" Priority = 11 # run after main backup } # # Standard Restore template, to be changed by Console program # Only one such job is needed for all Jobs/Clients/Storage ... # Job { Name = "RestoreFiles" Type = Restore Client=nima-desktop-fd FileSet="Full Set" Storage = File Pool = Default Messages = Standard Where = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir/bacula-restores } # job for vmware windows host Job { Name = "nimaxp-fd" Type = Backup Client = nimaxp-fd FileSet = "nimaxp-fs" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = Default Write Bootstrap = "/var/bacula/working/rsys-win-www-1-fd.bsr" #Change this } # job for vmware windows host Job { Name = "arg-michael-fd" Type = Backup Client = nimaxp-fd FileSet = "arg-michael-fs" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = Default Write Bootstrap = "/var/bacula/working/rsys-win-www-1-fd.bsr" #Change this } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "Full Set" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } # # Put your list of files here, preceded by 'File =', one per line # or include an external list with: # # File = <file-name # # Note: / backs up everything on the root partition. # if you have other partitions such as /usr or /home # you will probably want to add them too. # # By default this is defined to point to the Bacula binary # directory to give a reasonable FileSet to backup to # disk storage during initial testing. # File = /usr/sbin } # # If you backup the root directory, the following two excluded # files can be useful # Exclude { File = /var/lib/bacula File = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir File = /proc File = /tmp File = /.journal File = /.fsck } } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "nimaxp-fs" Enable VSS = yes Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "C:\softwares" File = C:/softwares File = "C:/softwares" } } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "arg-michael-fs" Enable VSS = yes Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "C:\softwares" File = C:/softwares File = "C:/softwares" } } # # When to do the backups, full backup on first sunday of the month, # differential (i.e. incremental since full) every other sunday, # and incremental backups other days Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycle" Run = Full 1st sun at 23:05 Run = Differential 2nd-5th sun at 23:05 Run = Incremental mon-sat at 23:05 } # This schedule does the catalog. It starts after the WeeklyCycle Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" Run = Full sun-sat at 23:10 } # This is the backup of the catalog FileSet { Name = "Catalog" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "/var/lib/bacula/bacula.sql" } } # Client (File Services) to backup Client { Name = nima-desktop-fd Address = localhost FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "_MOfxEuRzxijc0DIMcBqtyx9iW1tzE7V6" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # Client file service for vmware windows host Client { Name = nimaxp-fd Address = nimaxp FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "Ku8F1YAhDz5EMUQjiC9CcSw95Aho9XbXailUmjOaAXJP" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # Client file service for vmware windows host Client { Name = arg-michael-fd Address = 192.168.0.61 FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "b4E9FU6s/9Zm4BVFFnbXVKhlyd/zWxj0oWITKK6CALR/" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # # Second Client (File Services) to backup # You should change Name, Address, and Password before using # #Client { # Name = nima-desktop2-fd # Address = localhost2 # FDPort = 9102 # Catalog = MyCatalog # Password = "_MOfxEuRzxijc0DIMcBqtyx9iW1tzE7V62" # password for FileDaemon 2 # File Retention = 30 days # 30 days # Job Retention = 6 months # six months # AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files #} # Definition of file storage device Storage { Name = File # Do not use "localhost" here Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here SDPort = 9103 Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" Device = FileStorage Media Type = File } # Definition of DDS tape storage device #Storage { # Name = DDS-4 # Do not use "localhost" here # Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here # SDPort = 9103 # Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" # password for Storage daemon # Device = DDS-4 # must be same as Device in Storage daemon # Media Type = DDS-4 # must be same as MediaType in Storage daemon # Autochanger = yes # enable for autochanger device #} # Definition of 8mm tape storage device #Storage { # Name = "8mmDrive" # Do not use "localhost" here # Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here # SDPort = 9103 # Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" # Device = "Exabyte 8mm" # MediaType = "8mm" #} # Definition of DVD storage device #Storage { # Name = "DVD" # Do not use "localhost" here # Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here # SDPort = 9103 # Password = "Cj-gtxugC4dAymY01VTSlUgMTT5LFMHf9" # Device = "DVD Writer" # MediaType = "DVD" #} # Generic catalog service Catalog { Name = MyCatalog # Uncomment the following line if you want the dbi driver # dbdriver = "dbi:sqlite3"; dbaddress = 127.0.0.1; dbport = dbname = "bacula"; dbuser = ""; dbpassword = "" } # Reasonable message delivery -- send most everything to email address # and to the console Messages { Name = Standard # # NOTE! If you send to two email or more email addresses, you will need # to replace the %r in the from field (-f part) with a single valid # email address in both the mailcommand and the operatorcommand. # What this does is, it sets the email address that emails would display # in the FROM field, which is by default the same email as they're being # sent to. However, if you send email to more than one address, then # you'll have to set the FROM address manually, to a single address. # for example, a '[email protected]', is better since that tends to # tell (most) people that its coming from an automated source. # mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: %t %e of %c %l\" %r" operatorcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: Intervention needed for %j\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped operator = root@localhost = mount console = all, !skipped, !saved # # WARNING! the following will create a file that you must cycle from # time to time as it will grow indefinitely. However, it will # also keep all your messages if they scroll off the console. # append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped catalog = all } # # Message delivery for daemon messages (no job). Messages { Name = Daemon mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"\(Bacula\) \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula daemon message\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped console = all, !skipped, !saved append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped } # Default pool definition Pool { Name = Default Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year } # File Pool definition Pool { Name = File Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year Maximum Volume Bytes = 50G # Limit Volume size to something reasonable Maximum Volumes = 100 # Limit number of Volumes in Pool } # Scratch pool definition Pool { Name = Scratch Pool Type = Backup } # # Restricted console used by tray-monitor to get the status of the director # Console { Name = nima-desktop-mon Password = "-T0h6HCXWYNy0wWqOomysMvRGflQ_TA6c" CommandACL = status, .status } bacula-fd.conf on client: # # Default Bacula File Daemon Configuration file # # For Bacula release 5.0.3 (08/05/10) -- Windows MinGW32 # # There is not much to change here except perhaps the # File daemon Name # # # "Global" File daemon configuration specifications # FileDaemon { # this is me Name = nimaxp-fd FDport = 9102 # where we listen for the director WorkingDirectory = "C:\\Program Files\\Bacula\\working" Pid Directory = "C:\\Program Files\\Bacula\\working" # Plugin Directory = "C:\\Program Files\\Bacula\\plugins" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 10 } # # List Directors who are permitted to contact this File daemon # Director { Name = Nima-desktop-dir Password = "Cv70F6pf1t6pBopT4vQOnigDrR0v3L" } # # Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the # status of the file daemon # Director { Name = nimaxp-mon Password = "q5b5g+LkzDXorMViFwOn1/TUnjUyDlg+gRTBp236GrU3" Monitor = yes } # Send all messages except skipped files back to Director Messages { Name = Standard director = Nima-desktop = all, !skipped, !restored } I have checked my firewall and disabled the firewall but it doesn't work.

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  • Moving the swapfiles to a dedicated partition in Snow Leopard

    - by e.James
    I have been able to move Apple's virtual memory swapfiles to a dedicated partition on my hard drive up until now. The technique I have been using is described in a thread on forums.macosxhints.com. However, with the developer preview of Snow Leopard, this method no longer works. Does anyone know how it could be done with the new OS? Update: I have marked dblu's answer as accepted even though it didn't quite work because he gave excellent, detailed instructions and because his suggestion to use plutil ultimately pointed me in the right direction. The complete, working solution is posted here in the question because I don't have enough reputation to edit the accepted answer. Complete solution: 1. Open Terminal and make a backup copy of Apple's default dynamic_pager.plist: $ cd /System/Library/LaunchDaemons $ sudo cp com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist{,_bak} 2. Convert the plist from binary to plain XML: $ sudo plutil -convert xml1 com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist 3. Open the converted plist with your text editor of choice. (I use pico, see dblu's answer for an example using vim): $ sudo pico -w com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist It should look as follows: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs$ <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>EnableTransactions</key> <true/> <key>HopefullyExitsLast</key> <true/> <key>Label</key> <string>com.apple.dynamic_pager</string> <key>OnDemand</key> <false/> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/sbin/dynamic_pager</string> <string>-F</string> <string>/private/var/vm/swapfile</string> </array> </dict> </plist> 4. Change the ProgramArguments array (lines 13 through 18) so that it launches an intermediate shell script instead of launching dynamic_pager directly. See note #1 for details on why this is necessary. <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/sbin/dynamic_pager_init</string> </array> 5. Save the plist, and return to the terminal prompt. Using pico, the commands would be: <ctrl+o> to save the file <enter> to accept the same filename (com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist) <ctrl+x> to exit 6. Convert the modified plist back to binary: $ sudo plutil -convert binary1 com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist 7. Create the intermediate shell script: $ cd /sbin $ sudo pico -w dynamic_pager_init The script should look as follows (my partition is called 'Swap', and I chose to put the swapfiles in a hidden directory on that partition, called '.vm' be sure that the directory you specify actually exists): Update: This version of the script makes use of wait4path as suggested by ZILjr: #!/bin/bash #launch Apple's dynamic_pager only when the swap volume is mounted echo "Waiting for Swap volume to mount"; wait4path /Volumes/Swap; echo "Launching dynamic pager on volume Swap"; /sbin/dynamic_pager -F /Volumes/Swap/.vm/swapfile; 8. Save and close dynamic_pager_init (same commands as step 5) 9. Modify permissions and ownership for dynamic_pager_init: $ sudo chmod a+x-w /sbin/dynamic_pager_init $ sudo chown root:wheel /sbin/dynamic_pager_init 10. Verify the permissions on dynamic_pager_init: $ ls -l dynamic_pager_init -r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 6 18 Sep 15:11 dynamic_pager_init 11. Restart your Mac. If you run into trouble, switch to verbose startup mode by holding down Command-v immediately after the startup chime. This will let you see all of the startup messages that appear during startup. If you run into even worse trouble (i.e. you never see the login screen), hold down Command-s instead. This will boot the computer in single-user mode (no graphical UI, just a command prompt) and allow you to restore the backup copy of com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist that you made in step 1. 12. Once the computer boots, fire up Terminal and verify that the swap files have actually been moved: $ cd /Volumes/Swap/.vm $ ls -l You should see something like this: -rw------- 1 someUser staff 67108864 18 Sep 12:02 swapfile0 13. Delete the old swapfiles: $ cd /private/var/vm $ sudo rm swapfile* 14. Profit! Note 1 Simply modifying the arguments to dynamic_pager in the plist does not always work, and when it fails, it does so in a spectacularly silent way. The problem stems from the fact that dynamic_pager is launched very early in the startup process. If your swap partition has not yet been mounted when dynamic_pager is first loaded (in my experience, this happens 99% of the time), then the system will fake its way through. It will create a symbolic link in your /Volumes directory which has the same name as your swap partition, but points back to the default swapfile location (/private/var/vm). Then, when your actual swap partition mounts, it will be given the name Swap 1 (or YourDriveName 1). You can see the problem by opening up Terminal and listing the contents of your /Volumes directory: $ cd /Volumes $ ls -l You will see something like this: drwxrwxrwx 11 yourUser staff 442 16 Sep 12:13 Swap -> private/var/vm drwxrwxrwx 14 yourUser staff 5 16 Sep 12:13 Swap 1 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 1 17 Sep 12:01 System -> / Note that this failure can be very hard to spot. If you were to check for the swapfiles as I show in step 12, you would still see them! The symbolic link would make it seem as though your swapfiles had been moved, even though they were actually being stored in the default location. Note 2 I was originally unable to get this to work in Snow Leopard because com.apple.dynamic_pager.plist was stored in binary format. I made a copy of the original file and opened it with Apple's Property List Editor (available with Xcode) in order to make changes, but this process added some extended attributes to the plist file which caused the system to ignore it and just use the defaults. As dblu pointed out, using plutil to convert the file to plain XML works like a charm. Note 3 You can check the Console application to see any messages that dynamic_pager_init echos to the screen. If you see the following lines repeated over and over again, there is a problem with the setup. I ran into these messages because I forgot to create the '.vm' directory that I specified in dynamic_pager_init. com.apple.launchd[1] (com.apple.dynamic_pager[176]) Exited with exit code: 1 com.apple.launchd[1] (com.apple.dynamic_pager) Throttling respawn: Will start in 10 seconds When everything is working properly, you may see the above message a couple of times, but you should also see the following message, and then no more of the "Throttling respawn" messages afterwards. com.apple.dynamic_pager[???] Launching dynamic pager on volume Swap This means that the script did have to wait for the partition to load, but in the end it was successful.

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