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  • Amazon AWS VPN how to open a port?

    - by Victor Piousbox
    I have a VPN with public and private subnets; I am considering only public subnet for now. The node 10.0.0.23, I can ssh into it. Let's say I want to connect to MySQL on the node using its private address: ubuntu@ip-10-0-0-23:/$ mysql -u root -h 10.0.0.23 ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '10.0.0.23' (111) ubuntu@ip-10-0-0-23:/$ mysql -u root -h localhost Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. --- 8< --- snip --- 8< --- mysql> The port 3306 is not reachable if I use the private IP? My security group allows port 3306 inbound from 0.0.0.0/0 AND from 10.0.0.0/24. Outbound, allowed all. The generic setup done by Amazon through their wizard does not work... I add ACL that allows everything for everybody, still does not work. What am I missing?

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  • Basic networking: Centos Server Router + Ubuntu Client setup.. unable to access outside world from client

    - by ale
    I am trying to set up my Centos Server with two NICs as a router. eth0 is connected to the outside world and eth1 is connected to an Ubuntu client. Here's eth0 on the server: DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=dhcp ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet eth1 on the server: DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.0.10 # a free address on my network ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet My server has IPv4 packet forwarding turned on and my iptables only contains: # iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING --out-interface eth0 -j MASQUERADE # iptables --append FORWARD --in-interface eth1 -j ACCEPT My Ubuntu client has this in its /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback iface eth0 inet dhcp gateway 192.168.0.10 but I can't get an Internet connection from the server for my client. I can't even ping my server from the client: $ ping 192.168.0.10 Destination Host Unreachable

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  • Understanding tcptraceroute versus http response

    - by kojiro
    I'm debugging a web server that has a very high wait time before responding. The server itself is quite fast and has no load, so I strongly suspect a network problem. Basically, I make a web request: wget -O/dev/null http://hostname/ --2013-10-18 11:03:08-- http://hostname/ Resolving hostname... 10.9.211.129 Connecting to hostname|10.9.211.129|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: unspecified [text/html] Saving to: ‘/dev/null’ 2013-10-18 11:04:11 (88.0 KB/s) - ‘/dev/null’ saved [13641] So you see it took about a minute to give me the page, but it does give it to me with a 200 response. So I try a tcptraceroute to see what's up: $ sudo tcptraceroute hostname 80 Password: Selected device en2, address 192.168.113.74, port 54699 for outgoing packets Tracing the path to hostname (10.9.211.129) on TCP port 80 (http), 30 hops max 1 192.168.113.1 0.842 ms 2.216 ms 2.130 ms 2 10.141.12.77 0.707 ms 0.767 ms 0.738 ms 3 10.141.12.33 1.227 ms 1.012 ms 1.120 ms 4 10.141.3.107 0.372 ms 0.305 ms 0.368 ms 5 12.112.4.41 6.688 ms 6.514 ms 6.467 ms 6 cr84.phlpa.ip.att.net (12.122.107.214) 19.892 ms 18.814 ms 15.804 ms 7 cr2.phlpa.ip.att.net (12.122.107.117) 17.554 ms 15.693 ms 16.122 ms 8 cr1.wswdc.ip.att.net (12.122.4.54) 15.838 ms 15.353 ms 15.511 ms 9 cr83.wswdc.ip.att.net (12.123.10.110) 17.451 ms 15.183 ms 16.198 ms 10 12.84.5.93 9.982 ms 9.817 ms 9.784 ms 11 12.84.5.94 14.587 ms 14.301 ms 14.238 ms 12 10.141.3.209 13.870 ms 13.845 ms 13.696 ms 13 * * * … 30 * * * I tried it again with 100 hops, just to be sure – the packets never get there. So how is it that the server does respond to requests via http, even after a minute? Shouldn't all requests just die? I'm not sure how to proceed debugging why this server is slow (as opposed to why it responds at all).

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  • High latency due to non-presence of a transit provider in my country

    - by nixnotwin
    My ISP, a state owned incumbent, buys bandwidth from different transit providers. Whenever it buys transits it announces only a specific prefix (in most cases a hitherto unused) through the new transit AS. For e.g. if it runs out of bandwidth, it buys bandwidth from a new transit and announces a new prefix through it, while the same prefix is not announced (or announced with lowest metrics, so that the routes are very rarely used) via the old transits which continue to provide bandwidth to it. I am a business customer, so I have a fiber based link to the ISP and a tiny subnet is given to me. The subnet which is provide to me is part of a prefix which is announced by the AS of a transit who, it seems, do not have a presence in my country. So when I do a trace the packets, when they leave my ISP's AS, they take about 275ms to reach the transit providers core router, which is located in USA (half the world away). Also for upstream traffic my ISP uses a transit provider (tier 1) who has a presence in my country. But the return path is always through the transit which is in USA. So, average latency is 400ms. All the users of other ISPs in my country discover my subnet via USA. Even the traffic from neighboring countries, from Europe (which is much nearer) follows the path via USA. Sites using CDNs also resolve to ips in USA. I have informed the ISP NOC about the issue and I have asked them to provide an ip subnet belonging to a prefix announced by a local transit (preferably a tier 1 transit provider) and I am waiting for a reply. My question: Is it a serious issue that I must follow up to get it resolved? When I compared the latency on other providers in my country, it is, in most cases, less than half of my ISPs latency. Why my ISP doesn't announce all its prefixes to all of its transit providers, so that the packets can take efficient and nearest routes to reach prefixes that originate within its network?

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  • What's required to enable communication between two IP ranges located behind one switch?

    - by Eric3
    Within our co-located networking closet, we have control over two ranges of 254 addresses, e.g. 64.123.45.0/24 and 65.234.56.0/24. The problem is, if a host has only one IP address, or a block of addresses in only one range, it can't contact any of the addresses in the other subnet. All of our hosts use our hosting provider's respective gateway, e.g. 64.123.45.1 or 65.234.56.1 A host on the 64.123.45.0/24 range can contact the 65.234.56.1 gateway and vice-versa Everything in our closet is connected to an HP ProCurve 2810 (a Layer 2-only switch), which connects through a Juniper NetScreen-25 firewall to the outside world What can I do to enable communication between the two ranges? Is there some settings I can change, or do I need better networking equipment?

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  • Configure ubuntu 12.10 to share internet through second NIC with subnetwork

    - by Dan Smith
    I have an Ubuntu 12.10 box with 2 NICs. eth0 is connected to my 192.168.1.X network, which is connected to my home router and out to the internet. I want the other interface, eth1,to support 10.0.0.x and allow devices on that network to access the internet through my ubuntu box. I do not need dhcp on the 10.0.0.x network. Here's a schematic: Internet --- home router ---- ubuntu[eth0:192.168.1.x, eth1:10.0.0.x] --- [10.0.0.x device] How do I configure the ubuntu box to share the internet with devices on that subnetwork? Thanks!

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  • Use same url externally as internally

    - by Nifle
    If I have a web server on my home network I can connect to it from work with http://my.external.ip/whatever/ (assuming NAT and forwarding). Naturally I have a bookmark in my browser that points to http://my.external.ip/whatever/ however when I use that bookmark on my home computer (also behind NAT) the link does not work because my firewall blocks it. (firewall is a old'ish Dlink) What is the best way to fix this issue?

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  • why do Vagrant docs suggest using public IP address 33.33.33.10 for local VMs?

    - by Gert
    I'm following a tutorial to set up vagrant (a tool to build and configure portable virtual machine images), and it seems that vagrant documentation suggests using IPv4 address 33.33.33.10 to configure a new box. That is a publicly routed IP adress, so I'm a bit confused why using this address is suggested. Since I don't own this network, I should not use an address from the 33.33.33.10/8 range. Am I correct in thinking that I should only use either a public address from a network I own, or an address from one of the private ranges as defined in RFC 1918? If so, why does Vagrant documentation suggest otherwise?

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  • How to build an outbound load balancer with linux?

    - by matnagel
    We have a small house in the countryside and there is no fixed broadband, so we had a mobile flatrate first, and for 2 people with 2 computers it was too slow, so now we have 2 flatrates for 2 client machines. So I pay 2 flatrates and have double bandwith theoretically. There is a local network in the house that connects everything. But when I am alone I wonder how I can use both connections at the same time. I want to build a solution where I can browse the web and page requests are spread between the 2 connections. I imagine there are expensive routers who can split the traffic between 2 lines. But is there a good way to do it with linux? The solution I am looking for will split the requests already for one page (multiple images, css files, javascrfipt files) between the two lines.

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  • Should I expect ICMP transit traffic to show up when using debug ip packet with a mask on a Cisco IOS router?

    - by David Bullock
    So I am trying to trace an ICMP conversation between 192.168.100.230/32 an EZVPN interface (Virtual-Access 3) and 192.168.100.20 on BVI4. # sh ip access-lists 199 10 permit icmp 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 host 192.168.100.20 20 permit icmp host 192.168.100.20 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 # sh debug Generic IP: IP packet debugging is on for access list 199 # sh ip route | incl 192.168.100 192.168.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, BVI4 S 192.168.100.230/32 [1/0] via x.x.x.x, Virtual-Access3 # sh log | inc Buff Buffer logging: level debugging, 2145 messages logged, xml disabled, Log Buffer (16384 bytes): OK, so from my EZVPN client with IP address 192.168.100.230, I ping 192.168.100.20. I know the packet reaches the router across the VPN tunnel, because: policy exists on zp vpn-to-in Zone-pair: vpn-to-in Service-policy inspect : acl-based-policy Class-map: desired-traffic (match-all) Match: access-group name my-acl Inspect Number of Half-open Sessions = 1 Half-open Sessions Session 84DB9D60 (192.168.100.230:8)=>(192.168.100.20:0) icmp SIS_OPENING Created 00:00:05, Last heard 00:00:00 ECHO request Bytes sent (initiator:responder) [64:0] Class-map: class-default (match-any) Match: any Drop 176 packets, 12961 bytes But I get no debug log, and the debugging ACL hasn't matched: # sh log | inc IP: # # sh ip access-lists 198 Extended IP access list 198 10 permit icmp 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 host 192.168.100.20 20 permit icmp host 192.168.100.20 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 Am I going crazy, or should I not expect to see this debug log? Thanks!

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  • No Internet access while being connected to VPN using Cisco VPN Client 5.

    - by szeldon
    Hi, I have an access to corporate VPN using Cisco VPN Client 5.0.00:0340, but when I'm connected to it, I don't have an Internet access. I'm using Windows XP SP3. As it was suggested here http://forums.speedguide.net/showthread.php?t=209167 , I tried to enable "Allow local LAN Access" but it doesn't work. I also tried a second solution - deleting entry using "route" command, but it didn't help. I used "route delete 192.168.100.222". It's a third day of my attempts to solve this issue and I don't have an idea what else to do. I'm not very experienced in VPN stuff, but I know something about networking. Basing on my knowledge, I think that it's theoretically possible to achieve Internet access using my local network and only corporate stuff to be routed using VPN connection. I think that theoretically this should look like this: every IP being inside by corporation - VPN interface IP every other IP - my ethernet interface I've tried many possibilities of how to change those routes, but neither of them work. I'd really appreciate any help. My route configuration before connecting to VPN: =========================================================================== Interface List 0x1 ........................... MS TCP Loopback interface 0x2 ...00 c0 a8 de 79 01 ...... Atheros AR5006EG Wireless Network Adapter - Teefer2 Miniport 0x10005 ...02 00 4c 4f 4f 50 ...... Microsoft Loopback Card 0x160003 ...00 17 42 31 0e 16 ...... Marvell Yukon 88E8055 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller - Teefer2 Miniport =========================================================================== =========================================================================== Active routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metrics 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.101.254 192.168.100.222 10 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 30 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 30 10.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 30 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1 192.168.100.0 255.255.254.0 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 1 192.168.100.222 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1 192.168.100.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 1 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 3 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.222 2 1 Default gateway: 192.168.101.254. =========================================================================== My route configuration after connection to VPN: =========================================================================== Interface List 0x1 ........................... MS TCP Loopback interface 0x2 ...00 c0 a8 de 79 01 ...... Atheros AR5006EG Wireless Network Adapter - Teefer2 Miniport 0x10005 ...02 00 4c 4f 4f 50 ...... Microsoft Loopback Card 0x160003 ...00 17 42 31 0e 16 ...... Marvell Yukon 88E8055 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller - Teefer2 Miniport 0x170006 ...00 05 9a 3c 78 00 ...... Cisco Systems VPN Adapter - Teefer2 Miniport =========================================================================== =========================================================================== Active routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metrics 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.251.6.1 10.251.6.51 1 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 30 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.251.6.1 10.251.6.51 10 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 30 10.1.150.10 255.255.255.255 192.168.101.254 192.168.100.222 1 10.251.6.0 255.255.255.0 10.251.6.51 10.251.6.51 20 10.251.6.51 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 20 10.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 30 10.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.251.6.51 10.251.6.51 20 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1 192.168.100.0 255.255.254.0 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 10 192.168.100.0 255.255.254.0 10.251.6.1 10.251.6.51 10 192.168.100.222 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 10 192.168.100.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 10 213.158.197.124 255.255.255.255 192.168.101.254 192.168.100.222 1 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 30 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 10.251.6.51 10.251.6.51 20 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 10 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.0.0.10 10.0.0.10 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.251.6.51 10.251.6.51 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.222 192.168.100.222 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.100.222 2 1 Default gateway: 10.251.6.1. ===========================================================================

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  • Sudden problems with iptables not running

    - by Fourjays
    I've got a sudden issue with iptables not running on my CentOS 5.8/DirectAdmin XenVPS. All I have done today is install PHP APC and run an update (although I admittedly didn't pay much attention today - I usually do). Iptables has been running fairly smoothly since I installed it over 6 months ago. Basically when I try to run iptables -L it tells me: iptables v1.3.5: can't initialize iptables table `filter': iptables who? (do you need to insmod?) Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded. I've looked around and tried a few things and it appears that maybe my kernel doesn't have the modules loaded? I've been reading this and tried the two commands they suggest to no avail. Except there does appear to be a mismatch on one bit of output: -bash-3.2# cd /lib/modules -bash-3.2# ls 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen 2.6.18-238.5.1.el5xen 2.6.18-274.7.1.el5xen 2.6.39.1-cs-domU 2.6.18-238.12.1.el5xen 2.6.18-238.9.1.el5xen 2.6.37.2-cs-domU 3.0.1-cs-domU -bash-3.2# depmod -a WARNING: Couldn't open directory /lib/modules/2.6.18-274.18.1.el5xen: No such file or directory FATAL: Could not open /lib/modules/2.6.18-274.18.1.el5xen/modules.dep.temp for writing: No such file or directory Does this mean the versions are out of sync? If so, what are my next steps to getting this fixed? As you can probably tell I am still learning how to manage my server so please be very clear in all advice. Many thanks :)

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  • What are the advantages of OSPF vs nexthop self with iBGP?

    - by Matt Hamilton
    Assuming I have a fairly small network internally, but I have 4 routers each connected out to a different network. The routers are all sat next to each other connected via a switch. Each router uses BGP to speak to the outside networks. There is an iBGP mesh for each router to exchange the routes internally it knows about from each external network. The usual setup is to use OSPF to distribute the connected routes, as the routes via iBGP will still have the next hop set to their original value. What is the advantage of using OSPF in this scenario versus simply using 'set nexthop self' on the routes?

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  • Slackware - Assigning routes (IP address ranges) to one of many network adapters

    - by Dogbert
    I am using a Slackware 13.37 virtual machine within VirtualBox (current). I currently have a number of Ubuntu VMs on a single server, along with this Slackware VM. All VMs have been set up to use "Internal Network" mode, so they are all on a private LAN, and can see each other (ie: share files amongst themselves), but they remain private from the outside world. On on the these VMs (the Slackware one), I need to be able to grant it access to both this private network, and the internet at large. The first suggestion I found for handling this is to add another virtual network adapter to the VM, then set it to NAT. This results in the Slackware VM having the following network adapter setup: -NIC#1: Internal Network -NIC#2: NAT I want to set up the first network adapter (NIC#1) to handle all traffic on the following subnets: 10.10.0.0/255.255.0.0 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 And I want the second virtual network adapter (NIC#2) to handle everything else (ie: internet access). May I please have some assistance in setting this up on my Slackware VM? Additionally, I have searched for similar questions on SuperUser and Stackoverflow, but they all seem to pertain to my situation (ie: they all refer to OSX, or Ubuntu via the use of some UI-based tool). I'm trying to do this on Slack specifically via the command-line. Thanks!

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  • Will my internet address for my internal site cause my traffic to go external?

    - by Toby Allen
    If I have two domains pointing to the same machine, but one resolves to an internal address and the other to my internet facing router, will there be any differnce in route taken to my machine (primarily in terms of performanc). eg. internal.mydomain.com resolves to 192.168.1.200 external.mydomain.com resolves to A.Web.External.IP both eventually resolve back to the same machine. For a client in the network, will using the external address give a performance penalty?

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  • How to make routes on a windows 7 laptop persistent?

    - by askvictor
    I have a number of (windows 7) laptops that normally connect via wireless. We also have a wired network for special purposes. When one of these laptops plugs in to the wired network, at the moment, it makes the wired network the default route. Instead, I would like it to keep the wireless network the default, and route only 10...* through the wired. I can achieve this with: route delete 0.0.0.0 IF 22 route add 10.0.0.0 ... IF 22 (where IF 22 is the wired network interface). But how can I get this to stick? Currently, if the wired network is unplugged then re-plugged, it grabs the default route again. So I want a way of making the wireless network not get the default route, and to make the 10...* network persistent. Is there a hook to run commands after a network connection is established in windows? In linux I would use post-up hooks.

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  • Using a 3g usb dongle as Cisco router access point

    - by beakersoft
    We have an office opening, and we aren't going to have comms into the building when management want the building to open. Our only option (I think) Is to try and hook up a 3/4g dongle to something to act as the access point, and send all the traffic via that. The model of router we use wont support the usb dongle, so we need some sort of 'bridge' My idea was to build a Linux box, plug the dongle into that and then via the Ethernet ports plug the router in. We need the Cisco router in the equation as we create VPN connections over that back to head office. My question is will this work?

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  • What is a good router linux distro and WHY?

    - by madmaze
    I have a rather large home network with many clients. Ive decided I want to build a Linux based router, I have an 1.6Ghz dual-core(atom) system kicking around which will be re-purposed. So ive looked at a bunch of specific router distros but cant decide. I have also looked into taking a Ubuntu server or FreeBSD install and adding needed packages. So question is, what is the best router-Linux or base Linux distro and why? resources appreciated.

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  • IPTABLE & IP-routed netwok solution for HOST net and VM's subnet

    - by Daniel
    I've got ProxmoxVE2.1 ruled KVM node on Debian and bunch of VM's guests machine. That is how my networking looks like: # network interface settings auto lo iface lo inet loopback # device: eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 175.219.59.209 gateway 175.219.59.193 netmask 255.255.255.224 post-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/proxy_arp And I've got two working subnet solution auto vmbr0 iface vmbr0 inet static address 10.10.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 bridge_ports none bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 post-up ip route add 10.10.0.1/24 dev vmbr0 This way I can reach internet, to resolve outside hosts, update and download everything I need but can't reach one guest VM out of any other VM's inside my network. The second solution allows me to communicate between VM's: auto vmbr1 iface vmbr1 inet static address 10.10.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 bridge_ports none bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 post-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward post-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s '10.10.0.0/24' -o vmbr1 -j MASQUERADE post-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s '10.10.0.0/24' -o vmbr1 -j MASQUERADE I can even NAT internal addresses: -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 789 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.10.0.220:345 My inexperienced mind is ready to double VM's net adapters: one for the first solution and another - for second (with slightly different adresses) but I'm pretty sure that it's a dumb way to resolve the problem and everything can be resolved via iptables/ip route rules that I can't create. I've tried a dozen of "wizard manuals" and "howto's" to mix both solution but without success. Looking for an advice (and good reading links for networking begginers).

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  • 450 Error with Postfix

    - by Shiv
    I have setup postfix to send outgoing mail, It works fine for most of the cases except for some e.g duke.alumni.edu where it gives me a 450 error, even though the email address is valid. This is the exact error I get Sender address rejected: Domain not found (in reply to RCPT TO command)) Any suggestions on how I can rectify this?

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  • Using iptables to forward traffic destined for specific ip via specific interface

    - by shapeshifter
    I want to forward traffic destined for a specific ip from my internal network via a specific interface. I have two interfaces which are currently load balanced. I need all requests for a certain ip to go out via eth0 otherwise my external ip changes and sessions are dropped. eg. all requests from 10.1.1.1/24 to ip 11.22.33.44 on port 443 must go out via interface eth0. How can I do this with iptables?

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  • How can the route between two private IPs go via public IPs?

    - by Gilles
    I'm trying to understand what this output from traceroute means. I changed the IP addresses for privacy but retained the public/private IP range distinction. traceroute.db -e -n 10.1.1.9 traceroute to (10.1.1.9), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 10.0.0.1 0.596 ms 0.588 ms 0.577 ms 2 10.0.0.2 1.032 ms 1.029 ms 1.084 ms 3 10.0.0.3 3.360 ms 3.355 ms 3.338 ms 4 23.0.0.4 3.974 ms 4.592 ms 4.584 ms 5 23.0.0.5 13.442 ms 13.445 ms 13.434 ms 6 45.0.0.6 13.195 ms 12.924 ms 12.913 ms 7 67.0.0.7 52.088 ms 51.683 ms 52.040 ms 8 10.1.1.8 46.878 ms 44.575 ms 44.815 ms 9 10.1.1.9 45.932 ms 45.603 ms 45.593 ms The first 10.0.* range is inside my organisation. The last 10.1.* range is another site of my organisation. The intermediate addresses belong to various ISPs. I expect that there is some kind of VPN between the two sites, but I don't know much about our network topology. What I don't understand is how the route can go from a private address through public addresses back into private addresses. Searching led me to Public IPs on MPLS Traceroute, which gives a possible explanation: MPLS. Is MPLS the only possible or most likely explanation? Otherwise what does this tell me about our network infrastructure? Bonus question for my edification: in this scenario, who is generating the ICMP TTL exceeded packets and if relevant mangling their source and destination addresses?

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  • One dns server in different subnets

    - by hofmeister
    I have installed a small Linux server; the server is in a different subnet as the internet hosts. I added a route to my nat router to create a connection between both subnets. In both subnets I use an extra dhcp Server. Subnet A: 192.168.0.0/26 Subnet B: 192.168.1.0/26 Router: 192.168.0.1, Server in A: 192.168.0.62, Server in B: 192.168.1.62 internet ____ nat router ___ (Sub A)___ internet hosts | |____(Sub B)___ other hosts I could ping every host. Also the hosts which are connected to the subnet b, has internet connection. But sadly I have a problem with the dns server. I use the dnsServer from my nat router, I set the dns Server for subnet b to the ip 192.168.0.1, but every dns entries are equal with the hostname from my linux server. Example if the hostname from the server is test Test 192.168.0.62 //Server subnet a Test-2 192.168.1.62 //Server subnet b Test-2-2 192.168.1.1 //host a Test-2-2-2 192.168.1.2 //host b Any idea what went wrong? The internet dns resolution works fine.

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