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• How Do Computers Work? [closed]

  - by Rob P.

  This is almost embarrassing ask...I have a degree in Computer Science (and a second one in progress). I've worked as a full-time .NET Developer for nearly five years. I generally seem competent at what I do. But I Don't Know How Computers Work! Please, bare with me for a second. A quick Google of 'How a Computer Works' will yield lots and lots of results, but I struggled to find one that really answered what I'm looking for. I realize this is a huge, huge question, so really, if you can just give me some keywords or some direction. I know there are components....the power supply, the motherboard, ram, CPU, etc...and I get the 'general idea' of what they do. But I really don't understand how you go from a line of code like Console.Readline() in .NET (or Java or C++) and have it actually do stuff. Sure, I'm vaguely aware of MSIL (in the case of .NET), and that some magic happens with the JIT compiler and it turns into native code (I think). I'm told Java is similar, and C++ cuts out the middle step. I've done some mainframe assembly, it was a few years back now. I remember there were some instructions and some CPU registers, and I wrote code....and then some magic happened....and my program would work (or crash). From what I understand, an 'Emulator' would simulate what happens when you call an instruction and it would update the CPU registers; but what makes those instructions work the way they do? Does this turn into an Electronics question and not a 'Computer' question? I'm guessing there isn't any practical reason for me to understand this, but I feel like I should be able to. (Yes, this is what happens when you spend a day with a small child. It takes them about 10 minutes and five iterations of asking 'Why?' for you to realize how much you don't know)

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• CUDA 4.1 Particle Update

  - by N0xus

  I'm using CUDA 4.1 to parse in the update of my Particle system that I've made with DirectX 10. So far, my update method for the particle systems is 1 line of code within a for loop that makes each particle fall down the y axis to simulate a waterfall: m_particleList[i].positionY = m_particleList[i].positionY - (m_particleList[i].velocity * frameTime * 0.001f); In my .cu class I've created a struct which I copied from my particle class and is as follows: struct ParticleType { float positionX, positionY, positionZ; float red, green, blue; float velocity; bool active; }; Then I have an UpdateParticle method in the .cu as well. This encompass the 3 main parameters my particles need to update themselves based off the initial line of code. : __global__ void UpdateParticle(float* position, float* velocity, float frameTime) { } This is my first CUDA program and I'm at a loss to what to do next. I've tried to simply put the particleList line in the UpdateParticle method, but then the particles don't fall down as they should. I believe it is because I am not calling something that I need to in the class where the particle fall code use to be. Could someone please tell me what it is I am missing to get it working as it should? If I am doing this completely wrong in general, the please inform me as well.

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• How to revert to Eclipse's old behavior when double-clicking on frames or windows, in Juno?

  - by mattquiros

  I find Eclipse Juno very counter-intuitive. In my workspace, I used to just have the package view at the left, my code on the right, and whenever I'm printing something in the console, that's only when the console frame shows up from the bottom right. When you double click on a particular window, it either only goes fullscreen within Eclipse, or back to its original size together with the size of the other frames. In Juno, however, it seems that frames are put on layers on top of each other. When I print something to the console, the output frame only shows up as a small, useless square to my right. When I double-click, it goes full screen. When I double-click again, it occupies the full right frame, hiding my code. I double-click again and it goes full screen, then it double-clicks before it shares the right frame with my code on top of it. Then when I minimize it, it goes to the side. Any way to go back to the good old days of Eclipse? Thanks.

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• XML Rules Engine and Validation Tutorial with NIEM

  - by drrwebber

  Our new XML Validation Framework tutorial video is now available. See how to easily integrate code-free adaptive XML validation services into your web services using the Java CAMV validation engine. CAMV allows you to build fault tolerant content checking with XPath that optionally use SQL data lookups. This can provide warnings as well as error conditions to tailor your validation layer to exactly meet your business application needs. Also available is developing test suites using Apache ANT scripting of validations.  This allows a community to share sets of conformance checking test and tools . On the technical XML side the video introduces XPath validation rules and illustrates and the concepts of XML content and structure validation. CAM validation templates allow contextual parameter driven dynamic validation services to be implemented compared to using a static and brittle XSD schema approach.The SQL table lookup and code list validation are discussed and examples presented.Features are highlighted along with a demonstration of the interactive generation of actual live XML data from a SQL data store and then validation processing complete with errors and warnings detection.The presentation provides a primer for developing web service XML validation and integration into a SOA approach along with examples and resources. Also alignment with the NIEM IEPD process for interoperable information exchanges is discussed along with NIEM rules services.The CAMV engine is a high performance scalable Java component for rapidly implementing code-free validation services and methods. CAMV is a next generation WYSIWYG approach that builds from older Schematron coding based interpretative runtime tools and provides a simpler declarative metaphor for rules definition. See: http://www.youtube.com/user/TheCAMeditor

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• Reflection velocity

  - by MindSeeker

  I'm trying to get a moving circular object to bounce (elastically) off of an immovable circular object. Am I doing this right? (The results look right, but I hate to trust that alone, and I can't find a tutorial that tackles this problem and includes the nitty gritty math/code to verify what I'm doing). If it is right, is there a better/faster/more elegant way to do this? Note that the object (this) is the moving circle, and the EntPointer object is the immovable circle. //take vector separating the two centers <x, y>, and then get unit vector of the result: MathVector2d unitnormal = MathVector2d(this -> Retxpos() - EntPointer -> Retxpos(), this -> Retypos() - EntPointer -> Retypos()).UnitVector(); //take tangent <-y, x> of the unitnormal: MathVector2d unittangent = MathVector2d(-unitnormal.ycomp, unitnormal.xcomp); MathVector2d V1 = MathVector2d(this -> Retxvel(), this -> Retyvel()); //Calculate the normal and tangent vector lengths of the velocity: (the normal changes, the tangent stays the same) double LengthNormal = DotProduct(unitnormal, V1); double LengthTangent = DotProduct(unittangent, V1); MathVector2d VelVecNewNormal = unitnormal.ScalarMultiplication(-LengthNormal); //the negative of what it was before MathVector2d VelVecNewTangent = unittangent.ScalarMultiplication(LengthTangent); //this stays the same MathVector2d NewVel = VectorAddition(VelVecNewNormal, VelVecNewTangent); //combine them xvel = NewVel.xcomp; //and then apply them yvel = NewVel.ycomp; Note also that this question is just about velocity, the position code is handled elsewhere (in other words, assume that this code is implemented at the exact moment that the circles begin to overlap). Thanks in advance for your help and time!

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• Updating entities in response to collisions - should this be in the collision-detection class or in the entity-updater class?

  - by Prog

  In a game I'm working on, there's a class responsible for collision detection. It's method detectCollisions(List<Entity> entities) is called from the main gameloop. The code to update the entities (i.e. where the entities 'act': update their positions, invoke AI, etc) is in a different class, in the method updateEntities(List<Entity> entities). Also called from the gameloop, after the collision detection. When there's a collision between two entities, usually something needs to be done. For example, zero the velocity of both entities in the collision, or kill one of the entities. It would be easy to have this code in the CollisionDetector class. E.g. in psuedocode: for(Entity entityA in entities){ for(Entity entityB in entities){ if(collision(entityA, entityB)){ if(entityA instanceof Robot && entityB instanceof Robot){ entityA.setVelocity(0,0); entityB.setVelocity(0,0); } if(entityA instanceof Missile || entityB instanceof Missile){ entityA.die(); entityB.die(); } } } } However, I'm not sure if updating the state of entities in response to collision should be the job of CollisionDetector. Maybe it should be the job of EntityUpdater, which runs after the collision detection in the gameloop. Is it okay to have the code responding to collisions in the collision detection system? Or should the collision detection class only detect collisions, report them to some other class and have that class affect the state of the entities?

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• How to educate business managers on the complexity of adding new features? [duplicate]

  - by Derrick Miller

  This question already has an answer here: How to educate business managers on the complexity of adding new features? [duplicate] 3 answers We maintain a web application for a client who demands that new features be added at a breakneck pace. We've done our best to keep up with their demands, and as a result the code base has grown exponentially. There are now so many modules, subsystems, controllers, class libraries, unit tests, APIs, etc. that it's starting to take more time to work through all of the complexity each time we add a new feature. We've also had to pull additional people in on the project to take over things like QA and staging, so the lead developers can focus on developing. Unfortunately, the client is becoming angry that the cost for each new feature is going up. They seem to expect that we can add new features ad infinitum and the cost of each feature will remain linear. I have repeatedly tried to explain to them that it doesn't work that way - that the code base expands in a fractal manner as all these features are added. I've explained that the best way to keep the cost down is to be judicious about which new features are really needed. But, they either don't understand, or they think I'm bullshitting them. They just sort of roll their eyes and get angry. They're all completely non-technical, and have no idea what does into writing software. Is there a way that I can explain this using business language, that might help them understand better? Are there any visualizations out there, that illustrate the growth of a code base over time? Any other suggestions on dealing with this client?

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• Access Control Service: Walkthrough Videos of Web Application, SOAP, REST and Silverlight Integration

  - by Your DisplayName here!

  Over the weekend I worked a little more on my ACS2 sample. Instead of writing it all down, I decided to quickly record four short videos that cover the relevant features and code. Have fun ;) Part 1 – Overview This video does a quick walkthrough of the solution and shows the web application part. This includes driving the sign in UI via JavaScript (thanks Matias) as well as the registration logic I wrote about here. watch Part 2 – SOAP Service and Client The sample app also exposes a WCF SOAP service. This video shows how to wire up the service to ACS and hows how to create a client that first requests a token from an IdP and then sends this token to ACS. watch Part 3 – REST Service and Client This part shows how to set up a WCF REST service that consumes SWT tokens from ACS. Unfortunately there is currently no standard WIF plumbing for REST. For the service integration I had to combine a lot of code from different sources (kzu, zulfiq) as well as the WIF SDK and OAuth CTPs together. But it is working. watch Part 4 – Silverlight and Web Identity Integration This part took by far the most time to write. The Silverlight Client shows ho to sign in to the application using a registered identity provider (including web identities) and using the resulting SWT token to call our REST service. This is designed to be a desktop (OOB) client application (thanks to Jörg for the UI magic). watch code download

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• What is GC holes?

  - by tianyi

  I wrote a long TCP connection socket server in C#. Spike in memory in my server happens. I used dotNet Memory Profiler(a tool) to detect where the memory leaks. Memory Profiler indicates the private heap is huge, and the memory is something like below(the number is not real,what I want to show is the GC0 and GC2's Holes are very very huge, the data size is normal): Managed heaps - 1,500,000KB Normal heap - 1400,000KB Generation #0 - 600,000KB Data - 100,000KB "Holes" - 500,000KB Generation #1 - xxKB Data - 0KB "Holes" - xKB Generation #2 - xxxxxxxxxxxxxKB Data - 100,000KB "Holes" - 700,000KB Large heap - 131072KB Large heap - 83KB Overhead/unused - 130989KB Overhead - 0KB Howerver, what is GC hole? I read an article about the hole: http://kaushalp.blogspot.com/2007/04/what-is-gc-hole-and-how-to-create-gc.html The author said : The code snippet below is the simplest way to introduce a GC hole into the system. //OBJECTREF is a typedef for Object*. { PointerTable *pTBL = o_pObjectClass->GetPointerTable(); OBJECTREF aObj = AllocateObjectMemory(pTBL); OBJECTREF bObj = AllocateObjectMemory(pTBL); //WRONG!!! “aObj” may point to garbage if the second //“AllocateObjectMemory” triggered a GC. DoSomething (aOb, bObj); } All it does is allocate two managed objects, and then does something with them both. This code compiles fine, and if you run simple pre-checkin tests, it will probably “work.” But this code will crash eventually. Why? If the second call to “AllocateObjectMemory” triggers a GC, that GC discards the object instance you just assigned to “aObj”. This code, like all C++ code inside the CLR, is compiled by a non-managed compiler and the GC cannot know that “aObj” holds a root reference to an object you want kept live. ======================================================================== I can't understand what he explained. Does the sample mean aObj becomes a wild pointer after GC? Is it mean { aObj = (*aObj)malloc(sizeof(object)); free(aObj); function(aObj);? } ? I hope somebody can explain it.

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• Working with Git on multiple machines

  - by Tesserex

  This may sound a bit strange, but I'm wondering about a good way to work in Git from multiple machines networked together in some way. It looks to me like I have two options, and I can see benefits on both sides: Use git itself for sharing, each machine has its own repo and you have to fetch between them. You can work on either machine even if the other is offline. This by itself is pretty big I think. Use one repo that is shared over the network between machines. No need to do git pulls every time you switch machines, since your code is always up to date. Never worry that you forgot to push code from your other non-hosting machine, which is now out of reach, since you were working off a fileshare on this machine. My intuition says that everyone generally goes with the first option. But the downside I see is that you might not always be able to access code from your other machines, and I certainly don't want to push all my WIP branches to github at the end of every day. I also don't want to have to leave my computers on all the time so I can fetch from them directly. Lastly a minor point is that all the git commands to keep multiple branches up to date can get tedious. Is there a third handle on this situation? Maybe some third party tools are available that help make this process easier? If you deal with this situation regularly, what do you suggest?

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• Should I always encapsulate an internal data structure entirely?

  - by Prog

  Please consider this class: class ClassA{ private Thing[] things; // stores data // stuff omitted public Thing[] getThings(){ return things; } } This class exposes the array it uses to store data, to any client code interested. I did this in an app I'm working on. I had a ChordProgression class that stores a sequence of Chords (and does some other things). It had a Chord[] getChords() method that returned the array of chords. When the data structure had to change (from an array to an ArrayList), all client code broke. This made me think - maybe the following approach is better: class ClassA{ private Thing[] things; // stores data // stuff omitted public Thing[] getThing(int index){ return things[index]; } public int getDataSize(){ return things.length; } public void setThing(int index, Thing thing){ things[index] = thing; } } Instead of exposing the data structure itself, all of the operations offered by the data structure are now offered directly by the class enclosing it, using public methods that delegate to the data structure. When the data structure changes, only these methods have to change - but after they do, all client code still works. Note that collections more complex than arrays might require the enclosing class to implement even more than three methods just to access the internal data structure. Is this approach common? What do you think of this? What downsides does it have other? Is it reasonable to have the enclosing class implement at least three public methods just to delegate to the inner data structure?

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• DataGridView validating old value insted of new value.

  - by Scott Chamberlain

  I have a DataGridView that is bound to a DataTable, it has a column that is a double and the values need to be between 0 and 1. Here is my code private void dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin_CellValidating(object sender, DataGridViewCellValidatingEventArgs e) { if (e.ColumnIndex == dtxtPercentageOfUsersAllowed.Index) { double percentage; if(dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].Value.GetType() == typeof(double)) percentage = (double)dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].Value; else if (!double.TryParse(dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].Value.ToString(), out percentage)) { e.Cancel = true; dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].ErrorText = "The value must be between 0 and 1"; return; } if (percentage < 0 || percentage > 1) { e.Cancel = true; dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].ErrorText = "The value must be between 0 and 1"; } } } However my issue when dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin_CellValidating fires dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].Value will contain the old value before the edit, not the new value. For example lets say the old value was .1 and I enter 3. The above code runs when you exit the cell and dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].Value will be .1 for that run, the code validates and writes 3 the data to the DataTable. I click on it a second time, try to leave, and this time it behaves like it should, it raises the error icon for the cell and prevents me from leaving. I try to enter the correct value (say .7) but the the Value will still be 3 and there is now no way out of the cell because it is locked due to the error and my validation code will never push the new value. Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated. EDIT -- New version of the code based off of Stuart's suggestion and mimicking the style the MSDN article uses. Still behaves the same. private void dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin_CellValidating(object sender, DataGridViewCellValidatingEventArgs e) { if (e.ColumnIndex == dtxtPercentageOfUsersAllowed.Index) { dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].ErrorText = String.Empty; double percentage; if (!double.TryParse(dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].FormattedValue.ToString(), out percentage) || percentage < 0 || percentage > 1) { e.Cancel = true; dgvImpRDP_InfinityRDPLogin[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex].ErrorText = "The value must be between 0 and 1"; return; } } }

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• Implementing Camera Zoom in a 2D Engine

  - by Luke

  I'm currently trying to implement camera scaling/zoom in my 2D Engine. Normally I calculate the Sprite's drawing size and position similar to this pseudo code: render() { var x = sprite.x; var y = sprite.y; var sizeX = sprite.width * sprite.scaleX; // width of the sprite on the screen var sizeY = sprite.height * sprite.scaleY; // height of the sprite on the screen } To implement the scaling i changed the code to this: class Camera { var scaleX; var scaleY; var zoom; var finalScaleX; // = scaleX * zoom var finalScaleY; // = scaleY * zoom } render() { var x = sprite.x * Camera.finalScaleX; var y = sprite.y * Camera.finalScaleY; var sizeX = sprite.width * sprite.scaleX * Camera.finalScaleX; var sizeY = sprite.height * sprite.scaleY * Camera.finalScaleY; } The problem is that when the zoom is smaller than 1.0 all sprites are moved toward the top-left corner of the screen. This is expected when looking at the code but i want the camera to zoom on the center of the screen. Any tips on how to do that are welcome. :)

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• display image and run script for fifteen seconds

  - by Ryan Max

  This is very similar to a question I asked the other day but my page code has become significantly more complicated and I need to revisit it. I've been using the following code: $('#myLink').click(function() { $('#myImg').attr('src', 'newImg.jpg'); setTimeout(function() { $('#myImg').attr('src', 'oldImg.jpg'); }, 15000); }); To replace an image for a set period of time (15 seconds) when the link is clicked, then after 15 seconds, revert to the original image. However now, I'd like to run a snippet of javascript as well when the link is clicked (in addition to replacing the image), and only when the link is clicked (it's related to the 15 second image) and then have the js code disappear as well after the 15 seconds...however I'm not sure how to have jquery send js code into the page...Basically I just want jQuery to "echo" this code onto the page underneath the 15 second while I am there, but I don't know how jquery formats this "echo". Does this question make sense? interval = 500; imgsrc = "webcam/image.jpg"; function Refresh() { tmp = new Date(); tmp = "?" + tmp.getTime(); document.images["image1"].src = imgsrc + tmp; setTimeout("Refresh()", interval); } Refresh(); It's script for a webcam. Basically it takes a new picture every half a second and replaces it on the page. You must forgive me, I'm new to jquery, I don't know how to make this script work in a jquery context. i'm sorry, I'm explaining badly. This is what I need to happen, step by step: 1) User comes to the page and there is a static image that says "Click here to view webcam" 2) User clicks image 3) Image is replaced by live webcam image, which is refreshed every .5 seconds by the second script in my question. 4) After 15 seconds the live webcam reverts back to the static image saying "click here to view webcam" It is ONLY during that 15 second interval that I wan the webcam refresh script running, otherwise it's wasting bandwidth on an element that isn't even shown. Sorry for the confusion.

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• Are super methods in JavaScript limited to functional inheritance, as per Crockford's book?

  - by kindohm

  In Douglas Crockford's "JavaScript: The Good Parts", he walks through three types of inheritance: classical, prototypal, and functional. In the part on functional inheritance he writes: "The functional pattern also gives us a way to deal with super methods." He then goes on to implement a method named "superior" on all Objects. However, in the way he uses the superior method, it just looks like he is copying the method on the super object for later use: // crockford's code: var coolcat = function(spec) { var that = cat(spec), super_get_name = that.superior('get_name'); that.get_name = function (n) { return 'like ' + super_get_name() + ' baby'; }; return that; }; The original get_name method is copied to super_get_name. I don't get what's so special about functional inheritance that makes this possible. Can't you do this with classical or prototypal inheritance? What's the difference between the code above and the code below: var CoolCat = function(name) { this.name = name; } CoolCat.prototype = new Cat(); CoolCat.prototype.super_get_name = CoolCat.prototype.get_name; CoolCat.prototype.get_name = function (n) { return 'like ' + this.super_get_name() + ' baby'; }; Doesn't this second example provide access to "super methods" too?

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• Why does the player fall down when in between platforms? Tile based platformer

  - by inzombiak

  I've been working on a 2D platformer and have gotten the collision working, except for one tiny problem. My games a tile based platformer and whenever the player is in between two tiles, he falls down. Here is my code, it's fire off using an ENTER_FRAME event. It's only for collision from the bottom for now. var i:int; var j:int; var platform:Platform; var playerX:int = player.x/20; var playerY:int = player.y/20; var xLoopStart:int = (player.x - player.width)/20; var yLoopStart:int = (player.y - player.height)/20; var xLoopEnd:int = (player.x + player.width)/20; var yLoopEnd:int = (player.y + player.height)/20; var vy:Number = player.vy/20; var hitDirection:String; for(i = yLoopStart; i <= yLoopEnd; i++) { for(j = xLoopStart; j <= xLoopStart; j++) { if(platforms[i*36 + j] != null && platforms[i*36 + j] != 0) { platform = platforms[i*36 + j]; if(player.hitTestObject(platform) && i >= playerY) { hitDirection = "bottom"; } } } } This isn't the final version, going to replace hitTest with something more reliable , but this is an interesting problem and I'd like to know whats happening. Is my code just slow? Would firing off the code with a TIMER event fix it? Any information would be great.

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• what to learn & practice to be a programmer (not for Job) [closed]

  - by Hanan N.

  I want to be able to write programs (tools) for my own needs, and I want to tell the computer what to do, not to be strict to what other's told it to do. I have a good knowledge of Linux & Windows, I am also have a bit of Python in my head, but I think that I need some guidance on what languages or practices to invest my time into in order to be able to tell the computer what to do. I know there is a lot of posts similar to what I am asking here, but there is a big difference and so I have opened this thread. My goal isn't to work at a company, so I don't need to learn how to work as a team, I don't need to learn as much how to maintain my code nor how to write it nice for others to understand (I know it is important but not for me). I don't want to learn it as a profession, but as a serious hobby (you can call it hacking as long as you know what cracking means), my end goal is to be able to understand other's people code, and to write my own code with a lot of deep knowledge of the ins and outs of the computer system in order to gain from it as much as I can. So in essence my questions are: How can I understand, in depth, computers, in order to exploit them as much as I can? What should I learn? Are there any books that I should read? Is it possible to do this, or do I have to learn every aspect of programming?

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• Is it reasonable to null guard every single dereferenced pointer?

  - by evadeflow

  At a new job, I've been getting flagged in code reviews for code like this: PowerManager::PowerManager(IMsgSender* msgSender) : msgSender_(msgSender) { } void PowerManager::SignalShutdown() { msgSender_->sendMsg("shutdown()"); } I'm told that last method should read: void PowerManager::SignalShutdown() { if (msgSender_) { msgSender_->sendMsg("shutdown()"); } } i.e., I must put a NULL guard around the msgSender_ variable, even though it is a private data member. It's difficult for me to restrain myself from using expletives to describe how I feel about this piece of 'wisdom'. When I ask for an explanation, I get a litany of horror stories about how some junior programmer, some-year, got confused about how a class was supposed to work and accidentally deleted a member he shouldn't have (and set it to NULL afterwards, apparently), and things blew up in the field right after a product release, and we've "learned the hard way, trust us" that it's better to just NULL check everything. To me, this feels like cargo cult programming, plain and simple. A few well-meaning colleagues are earnestly trying to help me 'get it' and see how this will help me write more robust code, but... I can't help feeling like they're the ones who don't get it. Is it reasonable for a coding standard to require that every single pointer dereferenced in a function be checked for NULL first—even private data members? (Note: To give some context, we make a consumer electronics device, not an air traffic control system or some other 'failure-equals-people-die' product.) EDIT: In the above example, the msgSender_ collaborator isn't optional. If it's ever NULL, it indicates a bug. The only reason it is passed into the constructor is so PowerManager can be tested with a mock IMsgSender subclass.

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• How to avoid the GameManager god object?

  - by lorancou

  I just read an answer to a question about structuring game code. It made me wonder about the ubiquitous GameManager class, and how it often becomes an issue in a production environment. Let me describe this. First, there's prototyping. Nobody cares about writing great code, we just try to get something running to see if the gameplay adds up. Then there's a greenlight, and in an effort to clean things up, somebody writes a GameManager. Probably to hold a bunch of GameStates, maybe to store a few GameObjects, nothing big, really. A cute, little, manager. In the peaceful realm of pre-production, the game is shaping up nicely. Coders have proper nights of sleep and plenty of ideas to architecture the thing with Great Design Patterns. Then production starts and soon, of course, there is crunch time. Balanced diet is long gone, the bug tracker is cracking with issues, people are stressed and the game has to be released yesterday. At that point, usually, the GameManager is a real big mess (to stay polite). The reason for that is simple. After all, when writing a game, well... all the source code is actually here to manage the game. It's easy to just add this little extra feature or bugfix in the GameManager, where everything else is already stored anyway. When time becomes an issue, no way to write a separate class, or to split this giant manager into sub-managers. Of course this is a classical anti-pattern: the god object. It's a bad thing, a pain to merge, a pain to maintain, a pain to understand, a pain to transform. What would you suggest to prevent this from happening?

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• The 80 column limit, still useful?

  - by Tim Post

  Related: While coding, how many columns do you format for? Is there a valid reason for enforcing a maximum width of 80 characters in a code file, this day and age? I mostly use C, however this question is language agnostic. Its also subjective, so I'll tag it as such. Many individual projects set their own various coding standards, a guide to adjust your coding style. Many enforce an 80 column limit on code, i.e. don't force a dumb 80 x 25 terminal to wrap your lines in someone else's editor of choice if they are stuck with such a display, don't force them to turn off wrapping. Both private and open source projects usually have some style guidelines. My question is, in this day and age, is that requirement more of a pest than a helper? Does anyone still login via the local console with no framebuffer and actually edit code? If so, how often and why cant you use SSH? I help to manage a few open source projects, I was considering extending this limit to 110 columns, but I wanted to get feedback first. So, any feedback is appreciated. I can see the need to make certain OUTPUT of programs (i.e. a --help /h display) 80 columns or less, but I really don't see the need to force people to break up code under 110 columns long into 2 lines, when its easier to read on one line. I can also see the case for adhering to an 80 column limit if you're writing code that will be used on micro controllers that have to be serviced in the field with a god-knows-what terminal emulator. Beyond that, what are your thoughts? Edit: This is not an exact duplicate. I am asking very specific questions, such as how many people are actually still using such a display. I am also not asking "what is a good column limit", I'm proposing one and hoping to gather feedback. Beyond that, I'm also citing cases where the 80 column limit is still a good idea. I don't want a guide to my own "c-style", I'm hoping to adjust standards for several projects. If the duplicate in question had answered all of my questions, I would not have posted this one :) That will teach me to mention it next time. Edit 2 question |= COMMUNITY_WIKI

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• Gesture Based NetBeans Tip Infrastructure

  - by Geertjan

  All/most/many gestures you make in NetBeans IDE are recorded in an XML file in your user directory, "var/log/uigestures", which is what makes the Key Promoter I outlined yesterday possible. The idea behind it is for analysis to be made possible, when you periodically pass the gestures data back to the NetBeans team. See http://statistics.netbeans.org for details. Since the gestures in the 'uigestures' file are identifiable by distinct loggers and other parameters, there's no end to the interesting things that one is able to do with it. While the NetBeans team can see which gestures are done most frequently, e.g., which kinds of projects are created most often, thus helping in prioritizing new features and bugs, etc, you as the user can, depending on who and how the initiative is taken, directly benefit from your collected data, too. Tim Boudreau, in a recent article, mentioned the usefulness of hippie completion. So, imagine that whenever you use code completion, a tip were to appear reminding you about hippie completion. And then you'd be able to choose whether you'd like to see the tip again or not, etc, i.e., customize the frequency of tips and the types of tips you'd like to be shown. And then, it could be taken a step further. The tip plugin could be set up in such a way that anyone would be able to register new tips per gesture. For example, maybe you have something very interesting to share about code completion in NetBeans. So, you'd create your own plugin in which there'd be an HTML file containing the text you'd like to have displayed whenever you (or your team members, or your students, maybe?) use code completion. Then you'd register that HTML file in plugin's layer file, in a subfolder dedicated to the specific gesture that you're interested in commenting on. The same is true, not just for NetBeans IDE, but for anyone creating their applications on top of the NetBeans Platform, of course.

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• Is there a better strategy than relying on the compiler to catch errors?

  - by koan

  I've been programming in C and C++ for some time, although I would say I'm far from being an expert. For some time, I've been using various strategies to develop my code such as unit tests, test driven design, code reviews and so on. When I wrote my first programs in BASIC, I typed in long blocks before finding they would not run and they were a nightmare to debug. So I learned to write a small bit and then test it. These days, I often find myself repeatedly writing a small bit of code then using the compiler to find all the mistakes. That's OK if it picks up a typo but when you start adjusting the parameters types etc just to make it compile you can screw up the design. It also seems that the compiler is creeping into the design process when it should only be used for checking syntax. There's a danger here of over reliance on the compiler to make my programs better. Are there better strategies than this? I vaguely remember some time ago an article on a company developing a type of C compiler where an extra header file also specified the prototypes. The idea was that inconsistencies in the API definition would be easier to catch if you had to define it twice in different ways.

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• How to encourage domain experts familiar only with C into a C++ opensource project [closed]

  - by paperjam

  Possible Duplicate: How to persuade C fanatics to work on my C++ open source project? I am launching an open-source project into a space where a lot of development is done Linux-kernel-style, i.e. C-language with a low-level mindset. My project is broad and complex and uses aspects of the C++ language and libraries, including the Boost library to best effect for simple, slightly syntactically sweetened, elegant and well structured high level code. We are using C++ templates too to avoid duplication of code and for static polymorphism in code specialisation for performance. Many of the experts in this field are well used to pure C-language projects. How can I persuade them to contribute to my idiomatic C++ based project? I have no objection to C-language subcomponents or the use of a C-like subset for parts of the project so that might be part of the answer. This is a rewritten and retagged rehash of my previous question that was closed. Apologies to those who read and answered for it not being constructive. I hope this new question is viewed as constructive. Please note that this is not a language advocacy question and please keep answers in that spirit.

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• Trouble with collision detection in XNA?

  - by Lewis Wilcock

  I'm trying to loop through an list of enemies (enemyList) and then any that have intersected the rectangle belonging to the box object (Which doesn't move), declare there IsAlive bool as false. Then another part of the code removes any enemies that have the IsAlive bool as false. The problem im having is getting access to the variable that holds the Rectangle (named boundingBox) of the enemy. When this is in a foreach loop it works fine, as the enemy class is declared within the foreach. However, there are issues in using the foreach as it removes more than one of the enemies at once (Usually at positions 0 and 2, 1 and 3, etc...). I was wondering the best way to declare the enemy class, without it actually creating new instances of the class? Heres the code I currently have: if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Q) && oldKeyState.IsKeyUp(Keys.Q)) { enemyList.Add(new enemy(textureList.ElementAt(randText), new Vector2(250, 250), graphics)); } //foreach (enemy enemy in enemyList) //{ for (int i = 0; i < enemyList.Count; i++) { if (***enemy.boundingBox***.Intersects(theDefence.boxRectangle)) { enemyList[i].IsDead = true; i++; } } //} for(int j = enemyList.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--) { if(enemyList[j].IsDead) enemyList.RemoveAt(j); } (The enemy.boundingBox is the variables I can't get access too). This is a complete copy of the code (Zipped) If it helps: https://www.dropbox.com/s/ih52k4e21g98j3k/Collision%20tests.rar I managed to find the issue. Changed enemy.boundingBox to enemyList[i].boundingBox. Collision works now! Thanks for any help!

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• 1 ASPX Page, Multiple Master Pages

  - by csmith18119

  So recently I had an ASPX page that could be visited by two different user types.  User type A would use Master Page 1 and user type B would use Master Page 2.  So I put together a proof of concept to see if it was possible to change the MasterPage in code.  I found a great article on the Microsoft ASP.net website. Specifying the Master Page Programmatically (C#) by Scott Mitchell So I created a MasterPage call Alternate.Master to act as a generic place holder.  I also created a Master1.Master and a Master2.Master.  The ASPX page, Default.aspx will use this MasterPage.  It will also use the Page_PreInit event to programmatically set the MasterPage.  1: protected void Page_PreInit(object sender, EventArgs e) { 2: var useMasterPage = Request.QueryString["use"]; 3: if (useMasterPage == "1") 4: MasterPageFile = "~/Master1.Master"; 5: else if (useMasterPage == "2") 6: MasterPageFile = "~/Master2.Master"; 7: }   In my Default.aspx page I have the following links in the markup: 1: <p> 2: <asp:HyperLink runat="server" ID="cmdMaster1" NavigateUrl="~/Default.aspx?use=1" Text="Use Master Page 1" /> 3: </p> 4: <p> 5: <asp:HyperLink runat="server" ID="cmdMaster2" NavigateUrl="~/Default.aspx?use=2" Text="Use Master Page 2" /> 6: </p> So the basic idea is when a user clicks the HyperLink to use Master Page 1, the default.aspx.cs code behind will set the property MasterPageFile to use Master1.Master.  The same goes with the link to use Master Page 2.  It worked like a charm!  To see the actual code, feel free to download a copy here: Project Name: Skyhook.MultipleMasterPagesWeb http://skyhookprojectviewer.codeplex.com

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