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• Cannot activate num pad at all

  - by ubuntico

  I have two accounts on the same machine. Num pad on one account it working normally e.g. I can turn it ON/OFF via NumLock button. The num pad on the other account on this machine stopped working. I cannot turn it on and the buttons work as the NumLock is turned off. This happened without me touching any setting or all. It just happened and now I cannot turn them on no matter what I try. I tried via console command numlockx on - did not help. Tried via UI setting - did not help either. Updated the system from 11.10 to 12.04, did not help either. I really do not know what to do except I make a clean reinstallation of the system which would take 2 days away from me. It's obviously the problem in this account only, as num pad works in the other account. Anyone with a good suggestion?

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• It could be worse....

  - by Darryl Gove

  As "guest" pointed out, in my file I/O test I didn't open the file with O_SYNC, so in fact the time was spent in OS code rather than in disk I/O. It's a straightforward change to add O_SYNC to the open() call, but it's also useful to reduce the iteration count - since the cost per write is much higher: ... #define SIZE 1024 void test_write() { starttime(); int file = open("./test.dat",O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_SYNC,S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH|S_IWUSR); ... Running this gave the following results: Time per iteration 0.000065606310 MB/s Time per iteration 2.709711563906 MB/s Time per iteration 0.178590114758 MB/s Yup, disk I/O is way slower than the original I/O calls. However, it's not a very fair comparison since disks get written in large blocks of data and we're deliberately sending a single byte. A fairer result would be to look at the I/O operations per second; which is about 65 - pretty much what I'd expect for this system. It's also interesting to examine at the profiles for the two cases. When the write() was trapping into the OS the profile indicated that all the time was being spent in system. When the data was being written to disk, the time got attributed to sleep. This gives us an indication how to interpret profiles from apps doing I/O. It's the sleep time that indicates disk activity.

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• Cannot access the filesystems using LiveCD (LVM2,EXT2)

  - by ftkg

  I have to restore the /etc/passwd file I accidentally renamed in my Ubuntu Server, so I booted the machine using a LiveCD. Problem is, the system filesystem does not appear in Nautilus, under 'Devices'. Am I missing anything? ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000956dc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 625141759 312320001 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 625141759 312320000 8e Linux LVM ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ mount /cow on / type overlayfs (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) /dev/sr0 on /cdrom type iso9660 (ro,noatime) /dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/ubuntu/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu) ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo blkid /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs" /dev/sda1: UUID="aad69790-198d-45bc-9ccd-e4cba7456914" TYPE="ext2" /dev/sda5: UUID="wbIDX7-RILL-VtFT-gX15-N1GJ-Yyfg-V8Oe5m" TYPE="LVM2_member" /dev/sr0: LABEL="Ubuntu 12.04 LTS i386" TYPE="iso9660" ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/fstab overlayfs / overlayfs rw 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nosuid,nodev 0 0

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• Can I delete Generic kernel if I use Generic

  - by user206049

  I currently can't update my release as there is not enough space on boot. I just have the one kernel version there, but seem to have both the Generic and Low Latency versions. uname -r just shows 3.8.0-32-lowlatency ls -lah /boot shows -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 899K Oct 2 00:00 abi-3.8.0-32-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 899K Oct 7 09:27 abi-3.8.0-32-lowlatency -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 152K Oct 2 00:00 config-3.8.0-32-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 152K Oct 7 09:27 config-3.8.0-32-lowlatency drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2.0K Jan 1 1970 efi drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 1.0K Oct 22 10:05 grub -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32M Oct 22 09:51 initrd.img-3.8.0-32-generic -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32M Oct 22 10:05 initrd.img-3.8.0-32-lowlatency drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12K Feb 25 2013 lost+found -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 173K Dec 5 2012 memtest86+.bin -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 175K Dec 5 2012 memtest86+_multiboot.bin -rw------- 1 root root 3.0M Oct 2 00:00 System.map-3.8.0-32-generic -rw------- 1 root root 3.0M Oct 7 09:27 System.map-3.8.0-32-lowlatency -rw------- 1 root root 5.2M Oct 2 00:00 vmlinuz-3.8.0-32-generic -rw------- 1 root root 5.2M Oct 7 09:27 vmlinuz-3.8.0-32-lowlatency So what can I do to allow me to update? Apparently I need 174m on boot and am 40m short.

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• Configuring permissions with Bastille

  - by Lucio

  I was using Bastille to improve the security of OS and I found the next question there I don't know if I should answer for YES or NOT: Questions: Would you like to set more restrictive permissions on the administration utilities? Explanation: In general, the default file permissions set by most vendors are fairly secure. To make them more secure, though, you can remove non-root user access to some administrator functions. If you choose this option, you'll be changing the permissions on some common system administration utilities so that they're not readable or executable by users other than root. These utilities (which include linuxconf, fsck, ipconfig, runlevel and portmap) are ones that most users could never have a need to access. This option will increase your system security, but there's a chance it will inconvenience your users. My users: When I installed Ubuntu I had create a user (admin), then I was able to create another user (people) but I cannot change the permissions of this user. Questions: The user there I am using like admin it's not the root, right? The effects of this option will affect to the two users (admin & people) or just to people?

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• Why doesn't Firefox cache my images and CSS

  - by Richard A

  I am using IIS7, I have already set up the following. But when I run Firefox it seems not to cache any of my images even with "remember history" set. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <configuration> <system.webServer> <staticContent> <clientCache cacheControlCustom="public" cacheControlMode="UseMaxAge" cacheControlMaxAge="7.00:00:00" /> </staticContent> </system.webServer> </configuration> However when I use Firebug it still points to Firefox not caching images and CSS: public,max-age=604800 Content-Type text/css Content-Encoding gzip Last-Modified Mon, 27 Jun 2011 03:53:22 GMT Accept-Ranges bytes Etag "507968c27d34cc1:0" Vary Accept-Encoding Server Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-Powered-By ASP.NET Date Mon, 27 Jun 2011 13:06:41 GMT Content-Length 5067 Request Headersview source Host www.xx.com User-Agent Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1 Accept text/css,*/*;q=0.1 Accept-Language en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding gzip, deflate Accept-Charset ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive 115 Connection keep-alive Referer http://www.xx.com/ Cookie __utma=62996397.135679654.1309106351.1309159743.1309164158.8; __utmz=62996397.1309106351.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); __utmc=62996397

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• First Installation

  - by Dj Zia

  I had windows xp on my desktop originally. Yesterday we were able to replace this with Ubuntu 12.04 from a thumb drive. The live CD did not work. I am more familiar with the system they introduced me to in School recently. Linux pretty much has similarity all around so I am finding the differences not as much of an issue. So, there were a few issues with the installation and getting Grub to start working. There is the low graphics issue which brings us to the command line basics. I am a little familiar with linux so it isn't too intimidating; I am really good with step by step instructions in simple order. My question is Ubuntu installed with out any basic driver's or generic header's. It also is not connecting my computer to the internet. My system is older not new. For the time it had above average parts. How do I solve the problem of Getting the header's, making sure the right configurations are set, and where do I get the driver's for my white box desktop to run Ubuntu properly? Thank you

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• Building a template engine - starting point

  - by Anirudh

  We're building a Django-based project with a template component. This component will be separate from the project as such and can be Django/Python, Node, Java or whatever works. The template has to be rendered into HTML. The templates will contain references to objects with properties that are defined in the DB, say, a Bus. For eg, it could be something like [object type="vehicle" weight="heavy"] and it would have to pull a random object from the DB fulfilling the criteria : type="vehicle" weight="heavy" (bus/truck/jet) and then substitute that tag with an image, say, of a Bus. Also it would have to be able to handle some processing. Eg: What is [X type="integer" lte="10"] + [Y type="integer" lte="10"] [option X+Y correct_ans="true"] [option X-Y correct_ans="false"] [option X+y+1 correct_ans="false"] The engine would be expected to fill in a random integer value <= 10 for X and Y and show radioboxes for each of the options. Would also have to store the fact that the first option is the correct answer. Does it to make sense to write something from the scratch? Or is it better to use an existing templating system (like Django's own templating system) as a starting point? Any suggestions on how I can approach this?

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• How do I require use of the 5 GHz band when connecting to a Wireless N access point?

  - by cqcallaw

  What is says in the topic: there's a Wireless N access point to which I'd like to connect using the 5 GHz band exclusively. How does one accomplish this? Using the directive band=a in the connection configuration file in /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections doesn't seem to affect anything (/var/log/syslog still shows attempts by wpa_supplicant to connect using the 2.4 GHz band), and running iwconfig wlan0 freq 5G per this question results in the following error: Error for wireless request "Set Frequency" (8B04) : SET failed on device wlan0 ; Invalid argument. [Edit] I'm hoping the answer won't depend on the hardware in use, but here's some information about the hardware, just in case: System is an Asus ZenBook Prime UX31A-DB51, running Ubuntu 12.04. lspci output: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:04.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Device 0153 (rev 09) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point Thermal Management Controller (rev 04) 02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Advanced-N 6235 (rev 24) The driver for the wireless interface is iwlwifi.

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• GRUB2 not working after installing xubuntu 14.04

  - by h3bm

  I have a vaio laptop and it used to have installed windows 8 and Xubuntu 13.04 in dual boot, everything was working fine. I decided to update my version of xubuntu 14.04 LTS mainly because the support for 13.04 is finished and LTS version have 3 years of support. What I did was to format the partition where xubuntu 13.04 was installed and install 14.04 in that formated partition. When I restarted my computer willing to start using my new system I got the following message: error: symbol 'grub_term_highlight_color' not found and I was not able to enter any OS. I tried boot-repair from live USB more than two times and it did not fix the problem. I tried to enter to my computer using super GRUB2 disk, however it does not apperar to work with UEFI active (besides super grub2 disk says it can) I only get the message "no operating system found". If I boot super grub2 disk with UEFI disabled, super grub2 disk can not detect any OS,I also tried Rescatux distro, however, as of super grub2 disk, rescatux cannot enter when UEFI is active. I tried boot-repair with the option of "restore EFI backups", after that I was able to boot on windows, but no grub menu appeared. I ran boot-repair again with no improving results Here is the last Bootinfo report I got: http://paste.ubuntu.com/7609801/ Do you have any idea of what is happening? I really appreciate your help, Best regards,

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• USB and CD data cannot be read or mounted in 12.10

  - by aravind4j

  I'm using Ubuntu 12.10. I wrote a data disk using Brasero Disk Burner, but the system cannot read the CD. I tried to write the same data into my HP v220w pen drive but now there is an error in that too. It shows the following: Error mounting /dev/sdb at /media/aravind4j/Aravind4j: Command-line `mount -t "ntfs" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=0077,fmask=0177" "/dev/sdb" "/media/aravind4j/Aravind4j"' exited with non-zero exit status 13: $MFTMirr does not match $MFT (record 0). Failed to mount '/dev/sdb': Input/output error NTFS is either inconsistent, or there is a hardware fault, or it's a SoftRAID/FakeRAID hardware. In the first case run chkdsk /f on Windows then reboot into Windows twice. The usage of the /f parameter is very important! If the device is a SoftRAID/FakeRAID then first activate it and mount a different device under the /dev/mapper/ directory, (e.g. /dev/mapper/nvidia_eahaabcc1). Please see the 'dmraid' documentation for more details. (udisks-error-quark, 0) I used a NTFS file system for the pen drive as you can recognize from the above statement. I would like to recover the files so please help me recover the files without formatting the drive.

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• Fix: Cant Change or Remove Visual Studio 2008 from DVD

  If you installed Visual Studio 2008 on a 64-bit operating system, you may have trouble when you try ad add or remove functionality by inserting the disk (or remounting the ISO image).  I believe this is because of the path used to install the 32-bit Visual Studio program.  When you run the setup.exe off of the disk, you get this: Clicking on Change or Remove Visual Studio 2008 brings up this dialog: But not long after it appears, it disappears to be replaced with: Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Setup A problem has been encountered while loading the setup components.  Canceling setup. FIX: Use Add or Remove Programs Launch the Add or Remove Programs dialog in Windows, and find Microsoft Visual Studio Team System 2008 Team Suite ENU (or whichever SKU you installed).  Click Uninstall/Change.  From here you should be able to change your installed components of Visual Studio successfully: Thanks to Brendan for the tip! Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Getting the PC speaker to beep

  - by broiyan

  There has been much written on getting the beep sound from Ubuntu releases over the years. Example: fixing the beep My needs are slightly different in that I do not want to ensure sound card beeps are functioning. Instead, I want PC speaker beeps, the kind produced by the original built-in speaker because I believe they will produce less CPU load. I have confirmed that my computer has the PC speaker by unplugging the external speakers and shutting down Ubuntu. At some point in the shutdown and restart process a beep is heard even though the external speakers have no power. I have tried the following: In /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf, turn these lines into comments: #blacklist snd_pcsp #blacklist pcspkr In .bashrc /usr/bin/xset b on /usr/bin/xset b 100 Enable in the gnome terminal: Edit Profile Prefs General Terminal Bell Ensure no "mute" selections in: System Prefs Sound various tabs (uncheck them all). Select "Enable window and button sounds" in: System Prefs Sound Sound Effects In gconf-editor desktop gnome sound, select the three sound check boxes. In gconf-editor apps metacity general select the audible bell check box. Still I get no PC speaker beeps when I send code 7 to the console via my Java program or use echo -e '\a' on the bash command line. What else should I try? Update Since my goal is to minimize load on the CPU, here is a comparison of elapsed times. Each test is for 100,000 iterations. Each variant was performed three times so three results are presented for each. printwriter.format("%c", 7); // 1.3 seconds, 1.5 seconds, 1.5 seconds Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep(); // 0.8 seconds, 0.3 seconds, 0.5 seconds try { Runtime.getRuntime().exec("beep"); } catch (IOException e) { } // 10.3 seconds, 16.3 seconds, 11.4 seconds These runs were done inside Eclipse so multiply by some value less than 1 for standalone execution. Unfortunately, Toolkit's beep is silent on my computer and so is code 7. The beep utility works but has the most cost.

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• Is encoding needed in this decryption?

  - by Lijo

  I have a Encryption – Decryption scenario as shown below. //[Clear text ID string as input] -- [(ASCII GetByte) + Encoding] -- [Encrption as byte array] -- [Database column is in VarBinary] -- [Pass byte[] as VarBinary parameter to SP for comparison] //[ID stored as VarBinary in Database] -- [Read as byte array] -- [(Decrypt as byte array) + Encoding + (ASCII Get String)] -- Show as string in the UI My question is in the decryption scenario. After decryption I get a byte array. I am doing an encoding (IBM037) after that. Is it correct? Is there something wrong in the flow shown above? private static byte[] GetEncryptedID(string id) { Interface_Request input = new Interface_Request(); input.RequestText = Encodeto64(id); input.RequestType = Encryption; ProgramInterface inputRequest = new ProgramInterface(); inputRequest.Test_Trial_Request = input; using (KTestService operation = new KTestService()) { return ((operation.KTrialOperation(inputRequest)).Test_Trial_Response.ResponseText); } } private static string GetDecryptedID(byte[] id) { Interface_Request input = new Interface_Request(); input.RequestText = id; input.RequestType = Decryption; ProgramInterface request = new ProgramInterface(); request.Test_Trial_Request = input; using (KTestService operationD = new KTestService()) { ProgramInterface1 response = operationD.KI014Operation(request); byte[] decryptedValue = response.ICSF_AES_Response.ResponseText; Encoding sourceByteFormat = Encoding.GetEncoding("IBM037"); Encoding destinationByteFormat = Encoding.ASCII; //Convert from one byte format to other (IBM to ASCII) byte[] ibmEncodedBytes = Encoding.Convert(sourceByteFormat, destinationByteFormat,decryptedValue); return System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(ibmEncodedBytes); } } private static byte[] EncodeTo64(string toEncode) { byte[] dataInBytes = System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(toEncode); Encoding destinationByteFormat = Encoding.GetEncoding("IBM037"); Encoding sourceByteFormat = Encoding.ASCII; //Convert from one byte format to other (ASCII to IBM) byte[] asciiBytes = Encoding.Convert(sourceByteFormat, destinationByteFormat, dataInBytes); return asciiBytes; }

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• USB Ports In Wrong Mode, How To Use usbmodeswitch?

  - by user86872

  I haven't had access to my USB ports as media devices for a couple days now. I've been reading and researching everything I can find but I can't find a good guide for usbmodeswtich or usbms that I can decipher. The USB's are fine for power, but won't support my android phone as a media device, which is killing me because I use adb everyday, and won't support my plug and play mouse any longer. Not sure what caused the switch, though I think it may be related to the suspend issue I've read about, but the solutions in those threads I read also didn't work. Below is my system information and details. System: Ubuntu 12.04, 64-bit, Dedicated Machine Machine: HP-Pavillion g6 notebook, AMD A6 Quad Core Processor USBs used for: Cooling dock, Android Debug Bridge, Wireless Mouse Attempted Mod Probe, udev restart, unable to attempt lsusb due to my own lack of knowledge. :) Last Attempt Readout: ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo modprobe -r usbhid && sleep 5 && sudo modprobe usbhid ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo modprobe -r usb-storage ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo modprobe usb-storage ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo restart udev udev start/running, process 2624 ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0461:4de7 Primax Electronics, Ltd webcam Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• How can I programmatically change the keyboard layout?

  - by Jason R. Coombs

  I want to run a shell command or script that will configure each of my Ubuntu Precise boxes to use the Dvorak keyboard layout as the default (and only) layout. With earlier versions, I was able to set the XKBVARIANT in /etc/default/keyboard but when I make this change in Precise (and reboot), the keyboard layout appears to be unaffected (both in console and in gnome). I tried also setting the XKBMODEL to pc105 and XKBLAYOUT to us, but that did not seem to help. I know I can set the layout for gnome using the 'keyboard layout' tool... but I want the change to affect the console, and I want to automate the process. How can I accomplish this? Edit: To clarify, I want to know how I can cause to change (using only a script or command-line) the keyboard layout to be Dvorak as the default and only keyboard layout for both Gnome and the console. I want this change to be persistent (survive reboots), just as it is when the change is made through the Keyboard Layout tool. Edit: Let me put it another way. If I had installed the operating system myself (which I did not because the OS was installed by the virtual machine infrastructure), I could have selected the desired keyboard layout at install time, and that layout would be applied persistently, system-wide. How can I change the layout to appear as if I had set it during the install process?

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• FILESTREAM in SQL Server 2008 R2

  - by CatherineRussell

  Much data is unstructured, such as text documents, images, and videos. This unstructured data is often stored outside the database, separate from its structured data. This separation can cause data management complexities. Or, if the data is associated with structured storage, the file streaming capabilities and performance can be limited. FILESTREAM integrates the SQL Server Database Engine with an NTFS file system by storing varbinary(max) binary large object (BLOB) data as files on the file system. Transact-SQL statements can insert, update, query, search, and back up FILESTREAM data. Win32 file system interfaces provide streaming access to the data. FILESTREAM uses the NT system cache for caching file data. This helps reduce any effect that FILESTREAM data might have on Database Engine performance. The SQL Server buffer pool is not used; therefore, this memory is available for query processing. FILESTREAM data is not encrypted even when transparent data encryption is enabled. To read more, go to: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb933993.aspx

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• Creating a bootable flash without overlayfs

  - by Septagram

  I want to create an USB stick to carry my Ubuntu everywhere around with me. It's not intended to spread Ubuntu by installing it everywhere, but rather for running my configured system on any computer I come across. So far, I went with installing Ubuntu with unetbootin, however, I have some issues with this. When installed with netbootin, the original disk image is kept intact on the flash drive, forever. Also, a file is created for persistent storage and during boot it is accessed together with the image by overlayfs. This, in my opinion, has the following problems: If system is updated regularly, then files from the image are overwritten in persistent storage, doubling their size and wasting precious space. Persistent storage has a fixed size that you have to define from the start, again, wasting precious space. I'm not 100% sure, but maybe using overlayfs makes disk access slower, and more so on the relatively slow devices. So I'd like to find another solution: either to get rid of the original image or to install Ubuntu "normally" on the separate ext2 partition, or maybe even install it in the main vfat partition on the USB stick. Suggestions?

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• How should we deal with multiple transaction-report requests?

  - by Mithir

  We are developing a system for the retail market which one of it's features will enable clients(actually consumer clubs) to go through all transactions made by end-clients. One of the ways to get this information will be via an API. The idea is that there will be requests for reports with a start date and an end date, and a response will have all the transactions between those dates. We are worry that some reports may be very large, and that some clients will repeatedly request for reports, in this case the DB and CPU will be very overloaded. The same server that will service those requests, also takes care the the actual retail transactions (received by proprietary devices) and a Web application. We are not sure about how to limit the report requests from the API so that it won't affect the system too much. So, how should we deal with this scenario? any thoughts? EDIT: just to make clear: When I mentioned proprietary devices I meant "On-Location" devices which are used during sales with end-clients, this means that these requests shouldn't get delayed, and this is the main concern.

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• Deploy multiple emails to email providers, but without showing favouritism

  - by Ardman

  We are currently developing a new email deployment system. We have the system currently configured so that it reads a record from the database and loads the email content and deploys it to the target. Now we want to move this over to multiple threads. That is easily done, except we then hit the email providers returning SMTP codes referring to "Too many connections", or "Deferred connection". The solution to this is to have a thread open up a connection to the email provider and deploy n emails and then disconnect. We have currently configured the application so that it will support these session based email deployments. The problem is this, the database table has multiple email addresses in and they aren't grouped by email provider because that will show favouritism. We need to be able to retrieve a set number of, i.e. Hotmail, emails (@hotmail.com, @hotmail.co.uk, @live.co.uk) so that we are reducing the number of connections to Hotmail and reducing the risks of getting the "Too many connections" error. We are at the point now where we have gone round and round in circles trying to get a solution, so I thought I'd throw it out there and see if anyone has any ideas? EDIT I would like to stress that this application is not used for spamming purposes.

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• Best Architecture for ASP.NET WebForms Application

  - by stack man

  I have written an ASP.NET WebForms portal for a client. The project has kind of evolved rather than being properly planned and structured from the beginning. Consequently, all the code is mashed together within the same project and without any layers. The client is now happy with the functionality, so I would like to refactor the code such that I will be confident about releasing the project. As there seems to be many differing ways to design the architecture, I would like some opinions about the best approach to take. FUNCTIONALITY The portal allows administrators to configure HTML templates. Other associated "partners" will be able to display these templates by adding IFrame code to their site. Within these templates, customers can register and purchase products. An API has been implemented using WCF allowing external companies to interface with the system also. An Admin section allows Administrators to configure various functionality and view reports for each partner. The system sends out invoices and email notifications to customers. CURRENT ARCHITECTURE It is currently using EF4 to read/write to the database. The EF objects are used directly within the aspx files. This has facilitated rapid development while I have been writing the site but it is probably unacceptable to keep it like that as it is tightly coupling the db with the UI. Specific business logic has been added to partial classes of the EF objects. QUESTIONS The goal of refactoring will be to make the site scalable, easily maintainable and secure. 1) What kind of architecture would be best for this? Please describe what should be in each layer, whether I should use DTO's / POCO / Active Record pattern etc. 2) Is there a robust way to auto-generate DTO's / BOs so that any future enhancements will be simple to implement despite the extra layers? 3) Would it be beneficial to convert the project from WebForms to MVC?

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• BusEnum2 and a Minor Bug Fix

  - by Kate Moss' Open Space

  The default root bus driver, BusEnum, enumerate and active drivers one by one in synchronized manner. It is not only slowing the boot time but in the even if any of driver's init function (XXX_init) get hanged, the whole system won't boot at all. There is a sample of enhanced root bus driver, BusEnum2, on the http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd187254.aspx The page provides the sample code and the detail explanation of the design concept. With multi-threaded BusEnum2 on CE7 with SMP enabled system, the scalability is even more significant. Since you have more than one processor and it can load drivers in parallel! Everything looks good so far, except to there is a small bug in the sample code. Fortunately, it is easy to fix. But hard to trace if you ever enc outer it! The BUSENUM2 flag only defined in BUSENUM2\BUSDEF\sources but not in BUSENUM2\BUSENUM\sources. The DeviceFolder is implemented in BUSENUM2\BUSDEF but the instance is created in BUSENUM2\BUSENUM\busenum.cpp, so the result is it allocates less memory than actual need.   Add   CDEFINES=$(CDEFINES) -DBUSENUM2   into BUSENUM2\BUSENUM\sources and the problem fixed!

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• Setting up Clojure Project And Sub Projects

  - by octopusgrabbus

  This is primarily a lein question about setting up a major project and its sub-projects, and is not intended to be a discussion question. Instead, I am interested in either a pointer to documentation or to a Clojure/lein best practices link. I have a municipal property assessments application that splits two master flies into different subset files, depending on whether a billing transfer is taking place or we want to batch update new accounts, rather than making our assessment department enter new accounts once in their system and then again in the tax collection system. My application is going to be large enough, that I can see a common library lein project with support functions, like splitting apart the files, and then individual lein projects that use the common library. Should the lein projects be set up at the same level and support included through the project.clj/core.clj files? Is there an advantage to creating lein new projects underneath a major project? Is there a problem with combing all functions in one project? I can probably make my one core.clj contain all flavors of the program, but coming from a C/C++ and Python background, I would prefer to have a lot of little projects.

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• Understanding Asynchronous Programming with .NET Reflector

  - by Nick Harrison

  When trying to understand and learn the .NET framework, there is no substitute for being able to see what is going on behind at the scenes inside even the most confusing assemblies, and .NET Reflector makes this possible. Personally, I never fully understood connection pooling until I was able to poke around in key classes in the System.Data assembly. All of a sudden, integrating with third party components was much simpler, even without vendor documentation!With a team devoted to developing and extending Reflector, Red Gate have made it possible for us to step into and actually debug assemblies such as System.Data as though the source code was part of our solution. This maybe doesn’t sound like much, but it dramatically improves the way you can relate to and understand code that isn’t your own.Now that Microsoft has officially launched Visual Studio 2012, Reflector is also fully integrated with the new IDE, and supports the most complex language feature currently at our command: Asynchronous processing.Without understanding what is going on behind the scenes in the .NET Framework, it is difficult to appreciate what asynchronocity actually bring to the table and, without Reflector, we would never know the Arthur C. Clarke Magicthat the compiler does on our behalf.Join me as we explore the new asynchronous processing model, as well as review the often misunderstood and underappreciated yield keyword (you’ll see the connection when we dive into how the CLR handles async).Read more here

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• First Shard for SQL Azure and SQL Server

  - by Herve Roggero

  That's it!!!!! It's ready to go and be tested, abused and improved! It requires .NET 4.0 and uses some cool technologies, like caching (the new System.Runtime.Caching) and the Task Parallel Library (System.Threading.Tasks). With this library you can: Define a shard of 1, 2 or 100 SQL databases (a mix of SQL Server and SQL Azure) Read from the shard in parallel or sequentially, and cache resultsets Update, Delete a record from the shard Insert records quickly in the shard with a round-robin load Reset the cache You can download the source code and a sample application here: http://enzosqlshard.codeplex.com/  Note about the breadcrumbs: I had to add a connection GUID in order for the library to know which database a record came from. The GUID is currently calculated on the fly in the library using some of the parameters of the connection string. The GUID is also dynamically added to the result set so the client can pass it back to the library. I am curious to get your feedback on this approach. ** Correction from my previous post: this is a library for a Horizontal Partition Shard (HPS): tables are split across databases horizontally. So in essence, the tables need to have the same schema across the databases.

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