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  • Indices instead of pointers in STL containers?

    - by zvrba
    Due to specific requirements [*], I need a singly-linked list implementation that uses integer indices instead of pointers to link nodes. The indices are always interpreted with respect to a vector containing the list nodes. I thought I might achieve this by defining my own allocator, but looking into the gcc's implementation of , they explicitly use pointers for the link fields in the list nodes (i.e., they do not use the pointer type provided by the allocator): struct _List_node_base { _List_node_base* _M_next; ///< Self-explanatory _List_node_base* _M_prev; ///< Self-explanatory ... } (For this purpose, the allocator interface is also deficient in that it does not define a dereference function; "dereferencing" an integer index always needs a pointer to the underlying storage.) Do you know a library of STL-like data structures (i am mostly in need of singly- and doubly-linked list) that use indices (wrt. a base vector) instead of pointers to link nodes? [*] Saving space: the lists will contain many 32-bit integers. With two pointers per node (STL list is doubly-linked), the overhead is 200%, or 400% on 64-bit platform, not counting the overhead of the default allocator.

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  • Providing less than operator for one element of a pair

    - by Koszalek Opalek
    What would be the most elegant way too fix the following code: #include <vector> #include <map> #include <set> using namespace std; typedef map< int, int > row_t; typedef vector< row_t > board_t; typedef row_t::iterator area_t; bool operator< ( area_t const& a, area_t const& b ) { return( a->first < b->first ); }; int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) { int row_num; area_t it; set< pair< int, area_t > > queue; queue.insert( make_pair( row_num, it ) ); // does not compile }; One way to fix it is moving the definition of less< to namespace std (I know, you are not supposed to do it.) namespace std { bool operator< ( area_t const& a, area_t const& b ) { return( a->first < b->first ); }; }; Another obvious solution is defining less than< for pair< int, area_t but I'd like to avoid that and be able to define the operator only for the one element of the pair where it is not defined.

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  • User to kernel mode big picture?

    - by fsdfa
    I've to implement a char device, a LKM. I know some basics about OS, but I feel I don't have the big picture. In a C programm, when I call a syscall what I think it happens is that the CPU is changed to ring0, then goes to the syscall vector and jumps to a kernel memmory space function that handle it. (I think that it does int 0x80 and in eax is the offset of the syscall vector, not sure). Then, I'm in the syscall itself, but I guess that for the kernel is the same process that was before, only that it is in kernel mode, I mean the current PCB is the process that called the syscall. So far... so good?, correct me if something is wrong. Others questions... how can I write/read in process memory?. If in the syscall handler I refer to address, say, 0xbfffffff. What it means that address? physical one? Some virtual kernel one?

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  • Accept templated parameter of stl_container_type<string>::iterator

    - by Rodion Ingles
    I have a function where I have a container which holds strings (eg vector<string>, set<string>, list<string>) and, given a start iterator and an end iterator, go through the iterator range processing the strings. Currently the function is declared like this: template< typename ContainerIter> void ProcessStrings(ContainerIter begin, ContainerIter end); Now this will accept any type which conforms to the implicit interface of implementing operator*, prefix operator++ and whatever other calls are in the function body. What I really want to do is have a definition like the one below which explicitly restricts the amount of input (pseudocode warning): template< typename Container<string>::iterator> void ProcessStrings(Container<string>::iterator begin, Container<string>::iterator end); so that I can use it as such: vector<string> str_vec; list<string> str_list; set<SomeOtherClass> so_set; ProcessStrings(str_vec.begin(), str_vec.end()); // OK ProcessStrings(str_list.begin(), str_list.end()); //OK ProcessStrings(so_set.begin(), so_set.end()); // Error Essentially, what I am trying to do is restrict the function specification to make it obvious to a user of the function what it accepts and if the code fails to compile they get a message that they are using the wrong parameter types rather than something in the function body that XXX function could not be found for XXX class.

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  • Swt file dialog too much files selected?

    - by InsertNickHere
    Hi there, the swt file dialog will give me an empty result array if I select too much files (approx. 2500files). The listing shows you how I use this dialog. If i select too many sound files, the syso will show 0. Debugging tells me, that the files array is empty in this case. Is there any way to get this work? FileDialog fileDialog = new FileDialog(mainView.getShell(), SWT.MULTI); fileDialog.setText("Choose sound files"); fileDialog.setFilterExtensions(new String[] { new String("*.wav") }); Vector<String> result = new Vector<String>(); fileDialog.open(); String[] files = fileDialog.getFileNames(); for (int i = 0, n = files.length; i < n; i++) { if( !files[i].contains(".wav")) { System.out.println(files[i]); } StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(); stringBuffer.append(fileDialog.getFilterPath()); if (stringBuffer.charAt(stringBuffer.length() - 1) != File.separatorChar) { stringBuffer.append(File.separatorChar); } stringBuffer.append(files[i]); stringBuffer.append(""); String finalName = stringBuffer.toString(); if( !finalName.contains(".wav")) { System.out.println(finalName); } result.add(finalName); } System.out.println(result.size()) ;

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  • [C++][OpenMP] Proper use of "atomic directive" to lock STL container

    - by conradlee
    I have a large number of sets of integers, which I have, in turn, put into a vector of pointers. I need to be able to update these sets of integers in parallel without causing a race condition. More specifically. I am using OpenMP's "parallel for" construct. For dealing with shared resources, OpenMP offers a handy "atomic directive," which allows one to avoid a race condition on a specific piece of memory without using locks. It would be convenient if I could use the "atomic directive" to prevent simultaneous updating to my integer sets, however, I'm not sure whether this is possible. Basically, I want to know whether the following code could lead to a race condition vector< set<int>* > membershipDirectory(numSets, new set<int>); #pragma omp for schedule(guided,expandChunksize) for(int i=0; i<100; i++) { set<int>* sp = membershipDirectory[5]; #pragma omp atomic sp->insert(45); } (Apologies for any syntax errors in the code---I hope you get the point) I have seen a similar example of this for incrementing an integer, but I'm not sure whether it works when working with a pointer to a container as in my case.

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  • using string to read file - XCode

    - by Fernando
    The following does not work and gives me a SIGABRT when I run in the debugger: std::ifstream inFile; inFile.open("/Users/fernandonewyork/inputText.txt"); cout << inFile << endl; vector<string> inText; if (inFile) { string s4; while (inFile>>s4) { inText.push_back(s4); } } inFile.close(); The following does: std::ifstream inFile; inFile.open("/Users/fernandonewyork/inputText.txt"); cout << inFile << endl; vector<string> inText; if (inFile) { string s4("This is no lnger an empty string"); while (inFile>>s4) { inText.push_back(s4); } } inFile.close(); I was under the impression I was able to simply use s4 without having to worry about any space considerations, or is something else happening here? This is the full error I get from the top code: malloc: * error for object 0x100010a20: pointer being freed was not allocated * set a breakpoint in malloc_error_break to debug Program received signal: “SIGABRT”.

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  • C++ meta-splat function

    - by aaa
    hello. Is there an existing function (in boost mpl or fusion) to splat meta-vector to variadic template arguments? for example: splat<vector<T1, T2, ...>, function>::type same as function<T1, T2, ...> my search have not found one, and I do not want to reinvent one if it already exists. edit: after some tinkering, apparently it's next to impossible to accomplish this in general way, as it would require declaring full template template parameter list for all possible cases. only reasonable solution is to use macro: #define splat(name, function) \ template<class T, ...> struct name; \ template<class T> \ struct name<T,typename boost::enable_if_c< \ result_of::size<T>::value == 1>::type> { \ typedef function< \ typename result_of::value_at_c<T,0>::type \ > type; \ }; Oh well. thank you

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  • Difference in behaviour( gcc and MSVC++ )

    - by Prasoon Saurav
    Consider the following code. #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> #include <iostream> struct XYZ { int X,Y,Z; }; std::vector<XYZ> A; int rec(int idx) { int i = A.size(); A.push_back(XYZ()); if (idx >= 5) return i; A[i].X = rec(idx+1); return i; } int main(){ A.clear(); rec(0); puts("FINISH!"); } I couldn't figure out the reason why the code gives segmentation fault on Linux(IDE used: Code::Blocks) whereas on Windows(IDE used : MSVC++) it doesn't. When I used valgrind just to check what actually the problem was, I got this output. I got Invalid write of size 4 at four different places. Then why didn't the code crash when I used MSVC++? Am I missing something?

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  • Difference in behaviour (GCC and Visual C++)

    - by Prasoon Saurav
    Consider the following code. #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> #include <iostream> struct XYZ { int X,Y,Z; }; std::vector<XYZ> A; int rec(int idx) { int i = A.size(); A.push_back(XYZ()); if (idx >= 5) return i; A[i].X = rec(idx+1); return i; } int main(){ A.clear(); rec(0); puts("FINISH!"); } I couldn't figure out the reason why the code gives a segmentation fault on Linux (IDE used: Code::Blocks) whereas on Windows (IDE used: Visual C++) it doesn't. When I used Valgrind just to check what actually the problem was, I got this output. I got Invalid write of size 4 at four different places. Then why didn't the code crash when I used Visual C++? Am I missing something?

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  • LLVM: Passing a pointer to a struct, which holds a pointer to a function, to a JIT function

    - by Rusky
    I have an LLVM (version 2.7) module with a function that takes a pointer to a struct. That struct contains a function pointer to a C++ function. The module function is going to be JIT-compiled, and I need to build that struct in C++ using the LLVM API. I can't seem get the pointer to the function as an LLVM value, let alone pass a pointer to the ConstantStruct that I can't build. I'm not sure if I'm even on the track, but this is what I have so far: void print(char*); vector<Constant*> functions; functions.push_back(ConstantExpr::getIntToPtr( ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt32Ty(context), (int)print), /* function pointer type here, FunctionType::get(...) doesn't seem to work */ )); ConstantStruct* struct = cast<ConstantStruct>(ConstantStruct::get( cast<StructType>(m->getTypeByName("printer")), functions )); Function* main = m->getFunction("main"); vector<GenericValue> args; args[0].PointerVal = /* not sure what goes here */ ee->runFunction(main, args);

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  • Segmentation Fault?

    - by user336808
    Hello, when I run this program while inputting a number greater than 46348, I get a segmentation fault. For any values below it, the program works perfectly. I am using CodeBlocks 8.02 on Ubuntu 10.04 64-bit. The code is as follows: int main() { int number = 46348; vector<bool> sieve(number+1,false); vector<int> primes; sieve[0] = true; sieve[1] = true; for(int i = 2; i <= number; i++) { if(sieve[i]==false) { primes.push_back(i); int temp = i*i; while(temp <= number) { sieve[temp] = true; temp = temp + i; } } } for(int i = 0; i < primes.size(); i++) cout << primes[i] << " "; return 0; }

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  • Move camera to fit 3D scene

    - by Burre
    Hi there. I'm looking for an algorithm to fit a bounding box inside a viewport (in my case a DirectX scene). I know about algorithms for centering a bounding sphere in a orthographic camera but would need the same for a bounding box and a perspective camera. I have most of the data: I have the up-vector for the camera I have the center point of the bounding box I have the look-at vector (direction and distance) from the camera point to the box center I have projected the points on a plane perpendicular to the camera and retrieved the coefficients describing how much the max/min X and Y coords are within or outside the viewing plane. Problems I have: Center of the bounding box isn't necessarily in the center of the viewport (that is, it's bounding rectangle after projection). Since the field of view "skew" the projection (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Perspective-foreshortening.svg) I cannot simply use the coefficients as a scale factor to move the camera because it will overshoot/undershoot the desired camera position How do I find the camera position so that it fills the viewport as pixel perfect as possible (exception being if the aspect ratio is far from 1.0, it only needs to fill one of the screen axis)? I've tried some other things: Using a bounding sphere and Tangent to find a scale factor to move the camera. This doesn't work well, because, it doesn't take into account the perspective projection, and secondly spheres are bad bounding volumes for my use because I have a lot of flat and long geometries. Iterating calls to the function to get a smaller and smaller error in the camera position. This has worked somewhat, but I can sometimes run into weird edge cases where the camera position overshoots too much and the error factor increases. Also, when doing this I didn't recenter the model based on the position of the bounding rectangle. I couldn't find a solid, robust way to do that reliably. Help please!

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  • Compilation problem in the standard x86_64 libraries

    - by user350282
    Hi everyone, I am having trouble compiling a program I have written. I have two different files with the same includes but only one generates the following error when compiled with g++ /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.4.1/../../../../lib/crt1.o: In function `_start': /build/buildd/eglibc-2.10.1/csu/../sysdeps/x86_64/elf/start.S:109: undefined reference to `main' collect2: ld returned 1 exit status The files I am including in my header are as follows: #include <google/sparse_hash_map> using google::sparse_hash_map; #include <ext/hash_map> #include <math.h> #include <iostream> #include <queue> #include <vector> #include <stack> using std::priority_queue; using std::stack; using std::vector; using __gnu_cxx::hash_map; using __gnu_cxx::hash; using namespace std; Searching the internet for those two lines hasn't resulted in anything to help me. I would be very grateful for any advice. Thank you

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  • C++ Pointer member function with templates assignment with a member function of another class

    - by Agusti
    Hi, I have this class: class IShaderParam{ public: std::string name_value; }; template<class TParam> class TShaderParam:public IShaderParam{ public: void (TShaderParam::*send_to_shader)( const TParam&,const std::string&); TShaderParam():send_to_shader(NULL){} TParam value; void up_to_shader(); }; typedef TShaderParam<float> FloatShaderParam; typedef TShaderParam<D3DXVECTOR3> Vec3ShaderParam; In another class, I have a vector of IShaderParams* and functions that i want to send to "send_to_shader". I'm trying assign the reference of these functions like this: Vec3ShaderParam *_param = new Vec3ShaderParam; _param-send_to_shader = &TShader::setVector3; This is the function: void TShader::setVector3(const D3DXVECTOR3 &vec, const std::string &name){ //... } And this is the class with IshaderParams*: class TShader{ std::vector params; public: Shader effect; std::string technique_name; TShader(std::string& afilename):effect(NULL){}; ~TShader(); void setVector3(const D3DXVECTOR3 &vec, const std::string &name); When I compile the project with Visual Studio C++ Express 2008 I recieve this error: Error 2 error C2440: '=' :can't make the conversion 'void (__thiscall TShader::* )(const D3DXVECTOR3 &,const std::string &)' a 'void (__thiscall TShaderParam::* )(const TParam &,const std::string &)' c:\users\isagoras\documents\mcv\afoc\shader.cpp 127 Can I do the assignment? No? I don't know how :-S Yes, I know that I can achieve the same objective with other techniques, but I want to know how can I do this..

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  • Simplest way to mix sequences of types with iostreams?

    - by Kylotan
    I have a function void write<typename T>(const T&) which is implemented in terms of writing the T object to an ostream, and a matching function T read<typename T>() that reads a T from an istream. I am basically using iostreams as a plain text serialisation format, which obviously works fine for most built-in types, although I'm not sure how to effectively handle std::strings just yet. I'd like to be able to write out a sequence of objects too, eg void write<typename T>(const std::vector<T>&) or an iterator based equivalent (although in practice, it would always be used with a vector). However, while writing an overload that iterates over the elements and writes them out is easy enough to do, this doesn't add enough information to allow the matching read operation to know how each element is delimited, which is essentially the same problem that I have with a single std::string. Is there a single approach that can work for all basic types and std::string? Or perhaps I can get away with 2 overloads, one for numerical types, and one for strings? (Either using different delimiters or the string using a delimiter escaping mechanism, perhaps.)

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  • C++ polymorphism and slicing

    - by Draco Ater
    The following code, prints out Derived Base Base But I need every Derived object put into User::items, call its own print function, but not the base class one. Can I achieve that without using pointers? If it is not possible, how should I write the function that deletes User::items one by one and frees memory, so that there should not be any memory leaks? #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; class Base{ public: virtual void print(){ cout << "Base" << endl;} }; class Derived: public Base{ public: void print(){ cout << "Derived" << endl;} }; class User{ public: vector<Base> items; void add_item( Base& item ){ item.print(); items.push_back( item ); items.back().print(); } }; void fill_items( User& u ){ Derived d; u.add_item( d ); } int main(){ User u; fill_items( u ); u.items[0].print(); }

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  • Copying to binary file row of a matrix

    - by Flethuseo
    Hi everyone I want to write each row of a matrix to a binary file. I try writing it like this: vector< vector<uint32_t> > matrix; ... for(size_t i = 0; i < matrix.size(); ++i) ofile->write( reinterpret_cast<char*>(&matrix[i]), sizeof(uint32_t*sizeof(matrix[i])) ); { for(size_t j = 0; j < numcols; ++j) { std::cout << left << setw(10) << matrix[i][j]; } cout << endl; } but it doesn't work, I get garbage numbers. Any help appreciated, Ted.

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  • Accessing program information that gdb sees in C++

    - by anon
    I have a program written in C++, on Linux, compiled with -g. When I run it under gdb, I can 1) set breakpoints 2) at those breakpoints, print out variables 3) see the stackframe 4) given a variable that's a structure, print out parts of the structure (i.e. how ddd displays information). Now, given that my program is compiled with "-g" -- is there anyway that I can access this power within my program itself? I.e. given that my program is compiled with "-g", is there some std::vector<string> getStackFrame(); function I can call to get the current stackframe at the current point of execution? Given a pointer to an object and it's type ... can I do std::vector getClassMember(class_name); ? I realize the default answer is "no, C++ doesn't support that level of introspection" -- however, recall I'm on linux, my program is compiled with "-g", and gdb can do it, so clearly the inforamtion is there. Question is: is there some API for accessing it? EDIT: PS Naysers, I'd love to see a reason for closing this question.

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  • summing functions handles in matlab

    - by user552231
    Hi I am trying to sum two function handles, but it doesn't work. for example: y1=@(x)(x*x); y2=@(x)(x*x+3*x); y3=y1+y2 The error I receive is "??? Undefined function or method 'plus' for input arguments of type 'function_handle'." This is just a small example, in reality I actually need to iteratively sum about 500 functions that are dependent on each other. EDIT The solution by Clement J. indeed works but I couldn't manage to generalize this into a loop and ran into a problem. I have the function s=@(x,y,z)((1-exp(-x*y)-z)*exp(-x*y)); And I have a vector v that contains 536 data points and another vector w that also contains 536 data points. My goal is to sum up s(v(i),y,w(i)) for i=1...536 Thus getting one function in the variable y which is the sum of 536 functions. The syntax I tried in order to do this is: sum=@(y)(s(v(1),y,z2(1))); for i=2:536 sum=@(y)(sum+s(v(i),y,z2(i))) end

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  • Communication between lexer and parser

    - by FredOverflow
    Every time I write a simple lexer and parser, I stumble upon the same question: how should the lexer and the parser communicate? I see four different approaches: The lexer eagerly converts the entire input string into a vector of tokens. Once this is done, the vector is fed to the parser which converts it into a tree. This is by far the simplest solution to implement, but since all tokens are stored in memory, it wastes a lot of space. Each time the lexer finds a token, it invokes a function on the parser, passing the current token. In my experience, this only works if the parser can naturally be implemented as a state machine like LALR parsers. By contrast, I don't think it would work at all for recursive descent parsers. Each time the parser needs a token, it asks the lexer for the next one. This is very easy to implement in C# due to the yield keyword, but quite hard in C++ which doesn't have it. The lexer and parser communicate through an asynchronous queue. This is commonly known under the title "producer/consumer", and it should simplify the communication between the lexer and the parser a lot. Does it also outperform the other solutions on multicores? Or is lexing too trivial? Is my analysis sound? Are there other approaches I haven't thought of? What is used in real-world compilers? It would be really cool if compiler writers like Eric Lippert could shed some light on this issue.

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  • What should be the potential reason to get runtime error for this program?

    - by MiNdFrEaK
    #include<iostream> #include<stack> #include<vector> #include<string> #include<fstream> #include<cstdlib> /*farnaws,C++,673,08/12/2012*/ using namespace std; string verifier(string input_line) { stack <char> braces; for(int i=0; i<input_line.size(); i++) { if(input_line[i]=='(' || input_line[i]=='[') { braces.push(input_line[i]); } else if(input_line[i]==')' || input_line[i]==']') { braces.pop(); } } if(braces.size()==0) { return "YES"; } else { return "NO"; } } int main() { ifstream file_input("input.in"); string read_file; vector<string> file_contents; if(file_input.is_open()) { while(file_input>>read_file) { file_contents.push_back(read_file); } } else { cout<<"File cant be open!"<<endl; } int limit=atoi(file_contents[0].c_str()); //cout<< limit; ofstream file_output("output.out"); if(file_output.is_open()) { for(int i=1; i<=limit; i++ ) { file_output<<verifier(file_contents[i])<<endl; } } else { cout<<"File cant be open!"<<endl; } return 0; }

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  • C++ program crashes at runtime

    - by qwerty
    Hello, I have this simple c++ program #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <math.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include <vector> using namespace std; int aleator(int n) { return (rand()%n)+1; } int main() { int r; int indexes[100]={0}; // const int size=100; //int a[size]; std::vector<int>v; srand(time(0)); for (int i=0;i<25;i++) { int index = aleator(100); if (indexes[index] != 0) { // try again i--; continue; } indexes[index] = 1; cout << v[index] ; } cout<<" "<<endl; system("pause"); return 0; } But at runtime it crashes, so i got that error with 'Send error report' and 'Don't send'. What i'm doing wrong? Thanks!

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  • Creating Binary Block from struct

    - by MOnsDaR
    I hope the title is describing the problem, i'll change it if anyone has a better idea. I'm storing information in a struct like this: struct AnyStruct { AnyStruct : testInt(20), testDouble(100.01), testBool1(true), testBool2(false), testBool3(true), testChar('x') {} int testInt; double testDouble; bool testBool1; bool testBool2; bool testBool3; char testChar; std::vector<char> getBinaryBlock() { //how to build that? } } The struct should be sent via network in a binary byte-buffer with the following structure: Bit 00- 31: testInt Bit 32- 61: testDouble most significant portion Bit 62- 93: testDouble least significant portion Bit 94: testBool1 Bit 95: testBool2 Bit 96: testBool3 Bit 97-104: testChar According to this definition the resulting std::vector should have a size of 13 bytes (char == byte) My question now is how I can form such a packet out of the different datatypes I've got. I've already read through a lot of pages and found datatypes like std::bitset or boost::dynamic_bitset, but neither seems to solve my problem. I think it is easy to see, that the above code is just an example, the original standard is far more complex and contains more different datatypes. Solving the above example should solve my problems with the complex structures too i think. One last point: The problem should be solved just by using standard, portable language-features of C++ like STL or Boost (

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  • Combining Java hashcodes into a "master" hashcode

    - by Nick Wiggill
    I have a vector class with hashCode() implemented. It wasn't written by me, but uses 2 prime numbers by which to multiply the 2 vector components before XORing them. Here it is: /*class Vector2f*/ ... public int hashCode() { return 997 * ((int)x) ^ 991 * ((int)y); //large primes! } ...As this is from an established Java library, I know that it works just fine. Then I have a Boundary class, which holds 2 vectors, "start" and "end" (representing the endpoints of a line). The values of these 2 vectors are what characterize the boundary. /*class Boundary*/ ... public int hashCode() { return 1013 * (start.hashCode()) ^ 1009 * (end.hashCode()); } Here I have attempted to create a good hashCode() for the unique 2-tuple of vectors (start & end) constituting this boundary. My question: Is this hashCode() implementation going to work? (Note that I have used 2 different prime numbers in the latter hashCode() implementation; I don't know if this is necessary but better to be safe than sorry when trying to avoid common factors, I guess -- since I presume this is why primes are popular for hashing functions.)

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