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• How can I use rsync with a FAT file system?

  - by Kim

  I would like to write a simple backup script that saves some data to a FAT drive. Should I reformat the drive and use a better file system or is it possible to use rsync with FAT? If so, what problems might I run into? Would performance be a lot worse? EDIT: This is on linux, didn't even know there was a rsync for windows. The sources are various file systems (it's a mess), and the destination is currently formatted with FAT32. Thank you for your answers, I'll probably go for a reformat, since I'm not completely sure about the file sizes we'll have.

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• Ubuntu Studio 10.4 boots to terminal mode only

  - by Don

  I did clean install from ISO DVD. It boots only to command line asking for login. After I login I enter STARTX and desktop appears and some of the studd actually works, but there are a lot of problems: there is no way to reboot or shut down except to stopx/logoff and enter shutdown sound system doesn't respond pulse audio volume control gives "connection failed, connection refused" DVD drives not available GDebi Package installer is grayed out and so I can't use it (but synaptic package manager works OK) Software Center won't start when clicked -- it just stops trying DBus cant run because it says /usr/local/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket file not found (also /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket file not found) There's just a lot of things wrong and I can't help but think something is missing or was mis-coded in the distro so that there are typos in some script somewhere. If anyone can tell me where to begin to untangle this mess I'd appreciate it, but I think it all begins when it can't start the GUI automatically and I need to enter STARTX.

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• How do i set a (open_)basedir with php using fastcgi/nginx?

  - by acidzombie24

  Essentially i found out you can limit the folders each user has access to by using php's basedir/open_basedir. I'd like to have each php only access its own files. So i wrote fastcgi_param open_basedir $document_root; in hopes that it would work. It didnt. I googled and only found results saying you cant do it via fastcgi or nginx. Is this true or can i not do it? PS: I -do- spawn php as its own user (rather then www-data) so it doesnt wreak havoc on my nonphp websites. But i still like to prevent one php script on a php site from accessing other directories (if i have a wordpress install on yourface.com its pretty obvious a valid php path is /var/www/yourface/<wordpress scripts>

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• Prevent Windows 7 from unpluging External HDD [migrated]

  - by marverix

  I have installed Windows 7 as my media server. I pluged in 500GB external HDD via USB. I have changed power plan to Best Performance and changed advenced power settings to never turn off HDD etc. I even yesterday wrote powershell script (create and delete folder on this disk) and I have added it to harmonogram to run every 5 minutes starting from system boot. And nothing! Disk after some time (I realy can't say when) is turning off and Windows show "Unknown Device" in Device Manager. Then only system reboot or disk reboot helps. Any ideas how to prevent Windows 7 from stopping my external HDD? Cheers!

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• Remove Duplicate Messages from Maildir

  - by Joseph Holsten

  I've got a bunch of duplicate messages in my IMAP server's Maildir. What's the best way to remove them? Some relevant points: Shared Message-ID is usually a good enough definition of duplicate. A tiny script that removes all but one of the duplicate messages would work. Sometimes it's necessary to find duplicates based on shared message bodies. What's a reasonable definition of shared here? Bitwise equivalent? What about weird differences in line wrapping, escaping, character encoding? Sometimes there's some meaningful difference between 'duplicate' messages. What's the best way to review the differences in sets of 'duplicate' messages? Diffs?

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• How do I run multiple commands on one line in Powershell?

  - by David

  In cmd prompt, you can run two commands on one line like so: ipconfig /release & ipconfig /renew When I run this command in PowerShell, I get: Ampersand not allowed. The & operator is reserved for future use Does PowerShell have an operator that allows me to quickly produce the equivalent of & in cmd prompt? Any method of running two commands in one line will do. I know that I can make a script, but I'm looking for something a little more off the cuff.

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• How to zip and rename a directory tree

  - by Kev

  I have a lot of music in a lot of directories: ./artist1/album1/*.mp3 ./artist1/album2/*.mp3 ./artist1/album3/*.mp3 ./artist2/album1/*.mp3 ./artist2/album2/*.mp3 ./artist3/album1/*.mp3 ./artist3/album2/*.mp3 ... ... How can I zip them to this: ./artist1/album1/*.mp3 => ./artist1-album1.tar.gz ./artist1/album2/*.mp3 => ./artist1-album2.tar.gz ./artist1/album3/*.mp3 => ./artist1-album3.tar.gz ./artist2/album1/*.mp3 => ./artist2-album1.tar.gz ./artist2/album2/*.mp3 => ./artist2-album2.tar.gz ./artist3/album1/*.mp3 => ./artist3-album1.tar.gz ./artist3/album2/*.mp3 => ./artist3-album2.tar.gz ... ... I'd like one-line-command or a simple script.

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• Drupal7 doesn't detect MySQL on CentOS, but Wordpress3 does?

  - by jyaworski

  Hey guys. I'm running CentOS 5.5 here with Apache2, PHP5, and MySQL 5. My wordpress install on the same system runs perfectly, but the drupal7 install script only detects SQLite. The mysql module is enabled in php.ini, so that isn't the problem. Do you think it could be something with Drupal 7, or my PHP install? I tested it on localhost (I'm essentially running ArchLinux with Apache) and it installs just fine. I don't see a difference between my local php.ini and my server php.ini. I get this when accessing install.php on the server. SQLite The type of database your Drupal data will be stored in. Your PHP configuration only supports a single database type, so it has been automatically selected. Edit: The mysql PDO module is installed already.

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• performance monitoring

  - by Sunny

  I want to monitor CPU usage, disk read/write usage for a particular process, say ./myprocess. To monitor CPU top command seems to be a nice option and for read and write iotop seems to be a handy one. For example to monitor read/write for every second i use the command iotop -tbod1 | grep "myprocess". My difficulty is I just want only three variables to store, namely read/sec, write/sec, cpu usage/sec. Could you help me with a script that combines the outputs the above said three variables from top and iotop to be stored into a log file? Thanks!

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• Sending Emails from existing SMTP host from Ubuntu Server

  - by ezgoodnight

  I feel like my problem is very simple, but I've been trying for quite some time and haven't cracked it. You experienced server guys will probably laugh at this, but I'm finally at the point I need help or I'll never get anywhere. I have a little box running 12.04 LTS and I've wanted to script some status checks and have the server send me an email and schedule this with cron. I basically want a command line mail client that I can set up as easily as Thunderbird to send through my existing SMTP through the command line. Something that can easily be rolled into my bash scripts. I already have a remote host handling our email, SMTP, MTA, all that garbage. I don't particularly want to set up a relay just to send email when I have one that everyone else in the company already uses. I've tried, but there are too many aspects I don't understand AND I don't see why I should set up something local when we already pay for a remote host to do these things. If I absolutely have to set up sendmail or postfix, then so be it, but I'd appreciate a simple alternative. I'm open to practically anything at this point.

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• Is it possible to know a user logged in on Ubuntu instantly?

  - by Mustafa Orkun Acar

  In fact, I am trying to restrict access to some websites for different users. I asked the question: Restrict access to some websites for different users. The given answer is ok; but as the owner of answer says, it works if users are locally logged in. That is; if the user logs out and logs in, restrictions are no more valid. So, I decided to run a script including the iptables commands for restrictions at every log in event. I want to know whether it is possible to know instantly the user logs in.

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• PuTTY automatically supply password

  - by Kyle Cronin

  I have a situation where I need to have PuTTY (or another SSH client for Windows) automatically log into another machine via SSH. I realize that this isn't a good idea security-wise, but unfortunately I'm constrained by the limitations both on the client and the server. The best solution would be to have a shortcut or script on the desktop that, when double clicked, will connect to the server and automatically log in. Can I do this with PuTTY? I am willing to explore public key authentication, but I'm not sure where the PuTTY key resides or how to copy it to the server, as the app starts automatically upon login.

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• Unique string values in range

  - by Dean Smith

  I have some spreadsheets where there are large number of cells that have essentially been used for free text. There is a finite set of values for this free text and most, if not all repeat. eg. A B C D 1 Monkey Gorilla Cat Dog 2 Dog Cat Gorilla Gorilla 3 Dog Dog Dog Cat There are probably 50 or so different cell values spread over multiple sheets and hundreds of rows and columns. I need to analyse this data and count occurancies, which is not a problem other than getting a list of unique values to start with and this has been driving me up the wall. What is the best way to produce this list. So from the above we would have Monkey Dog Cat Gorilla In order of preferred solutions, as this will need to be done monthly. Dynamic formula based VB Script Other ( Advanced filtering or other manual steps )

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• Executing a command as apache

  - by Lord Loh.

  This script keeps outputting a 1. and I cannot understand why. <?php passthru("nohup sudo rndc reload sd.example.com",$op); print_r($op); ?> I have also tried the above code without the nohup. I have the following line in my sudoers file apache ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/rndc reload sd.example.com Just to test, temporally, I allowed apache a shell, logged in as apache by sudo su apache and successfully managed to execute sudo rndc reload sd.example.com. I do not see any error message in my log files wither. What could I be possibly doing wrong? None of the similar threads have pointed me to anything that solved my problem or debug it.

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• GVim asks for passphrase on every action when using scp

  - by Ashnur

  I want to use my vim config when editing files, but there are at least 5 different servers right now where I have to edit them. Of course I could use console (where I set up ssh-keys and and have a script so it wont asks for passhphrase), but then I have to maintain the vim config on every machine. so I decided to use gvim and browse/edit the remote machines via scp://, but on every action a popup appears asking for the passphrase. this is a ubuntu 10.10 install, with xfce installed later on. i checked in the xfce settings so gnome services should start, but it still won't remember the passphrase.

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• How to cleanup tmp folder safely on Linux

  - by Syncopated

  I use RAM for my tmpfs /tmp, 2GB, to be exact. Normally, this is enough but sometimes, processes create files in there and fail to cleanup after themselves. This can happen if they crash. I need to delete these orphaned tmp files or else future process will run out of space on /tmp. How can I safely garbage collect /tmp? Some people do it by checking last modification timestamp, but this approach is unsafe because there can be long-running processes that still need those files. A safer approach is to combine the last modification timestamp condition with the condition that no process has a file handle for the file. Is there a program/script/etc that embodies this approach or some other approach that is also safe? Incidentally, does Linux/Unix allow a mode of file opening with creation wherein the created file is deleted when the creating process terminates, even if it's from a crash?

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• How can I get the mount path of a USB device on OSX?

  - by xastor

  I have a backup script that backs up some data to a USB device. The problem I have is that OSX sometimes changes the expected mount path. For example if some file is locked under the expected mount path, OSX mounts it on another path. A USB device named 'BACKUP' can be mounted at /Volumes/BACKUP-1 instead of /Volumes/BACKUP. Is there a way to finding out the current mount path of a USB device in the OSX Terminal? Something like 'mount_path BACKUP' (command is fake) which would then return '/Volumes/BACKUP-1' or nothing if the device was not mounted?

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• Easy way to reload multiple applications under a single IIS Website after AppPool Recycle?

  - by MadBurn

  I'm not sure where to begin or even if my thinking is in the right direction. Hopefully someone here can tell me what to do or at least give me a direction to start travelling. I work on a Intranet Website, that contains multiple MVC3 and Coldfusion Applications. I have set the AppPool to Recycle every morning at 2:00 AM. Now, I would like to create a Scheduled Task to reload every application contained under that IIS Website so that when the first user comes in in the morning, they don't have to wait 30 seconds to 2minutes for their application to be reloaded into the IIS AppPool. Is there an easy to to do this? As I see it my only options are: Writing a bash script, inserting each website manually to load Writing a program that would try to find every application and load them Now, if there those are my only options, is there possibly a .NET Library I can tap into that would allow me to easily find the MVC3 Applications under IIS?

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• How do I list all the relation variables and debug them interactively?

  - by mfisch

  I'm writing a charm that requires a mysql database, I found from looking at other charms that this (below) is how I get the info about the database: user=`relation-get user` password=`relation-get password` mysqlhost=`relation-get private-address` But I just found that from reading the wordpress charm example, is there a way to show all the relation variables that I can use? Also, while debugging my db-relation-changed script, I wanted to ssh into my host and interactively run those commands, for example relation-get user, but it didn't work. I resorted to having to restart everything and use juju log to print them out. This wasted a lot of time. Is there a way to print out these relations, either from my dev box or from the instance running my charm? (Below is what happens when I tried to interactively run relation-get): ubuntu@mfisch-local-tracks-0:~$ relation-get user usage: relation-get [-h] [-o OUTPUT] [-s SOCKET] [--client-id CLIENT_ID] [--format FORMAT] [--log-file FILE] [--log-level CRITICAL|DEBUG|INFO|ERROR|WARNING] [-r RELATION ID] [settings_name] [unit_name] No JUJU_AGENT_SOCKET/-s option found I tried juju debug-hooks tracks/0 -e local, that dropped me into a shell and relation-get still failed.

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• Extract duplicity difftar files manually

  - by isnogud

  I have a duplicity backup which i am not able to recover with duplicity. By calling duplicity file:///path/to/backups /path/to/dir, it returns "Local and Remote metadata are syncronized, no sync needed." but the /path/to/dir is empty. I decrypted all backup volumes and I'm able to view and extract the files from the different difftar files. My only problem is that there are files partitioned and saved in folders named after the files. Can anyone give me a simple script or at least a hint how to untar these difftar files so i get the actual files instead of the partitioned ones?

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• bottle.py on EC2 micro instance causes 2 order of magnitude slowdown

  - by user61633

  Cross-posted from StackOverflow: I wrote a little toy script to solve this type of game, and put it on my new micro EC2 instance. It works perfectly, but while it takes around 0.5 seconds to run a local version, and takes under 0.5 seconds to run both the local and the bottle.py version on my home computer, running the bottle.py version on the EC2 instance takes over 2 minutes. Python has the cpu pegged at 99% the entire time. Only 7.4% memory usage, consistently, and no swapping. The only guess I have is initialization time for bottle.py on EC2, but if it were that, why would it be ~200x faster on my own computer with bottle.py?

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• how to get bash prompt on login

  - by user419534

  When I connect to remote machine uisng ssh, by default it is not on bash prompt. To get bash prompt by default on login I did as below by create .cshrc file in my home directory if ($?prompt) then setenv SHELL /bin/bash exec $SHELL -login endif It works well and I am getting bash shell but I have another file as .bashrc in my home directory which gets executed when i run bash explicitly and I have done lot of customization in this file as per my requirement. Is it possible to get my .bashrc executed somehow from .cshrc or some other way? For example I need to go connect to host B from host A, I do this From A - ssh B this brings host B but not with bash prompt. To get bash prompt I created .cshrc as mentioned above but my above code snippet does not call my .bashrc script.

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• PostgreSQL, update existing rows with pg_restore

  - by woky

  Hello. I need to sync two PostgreSQL databases (some tables from development db to production db) sometimes. So I came up with this script: [...] pg_dump -a -F tar -t table1 -t table2 -U user1 dbname1 | \ pg_restore -a -U user2 -d dbname2 [...] The problem is that this works just for newly added rows. When I edit non-PK column I get constraint error and row isn't updated. For each dumped row I need to check if it exists in destination database (by PK) and if so delete it before INSERT/COPY. Thanks for your advice. (Previously posted on stackoverflow.com, but IMHO this is better place for this question).

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• Is there any way to remotely configure a Microsoft Lync account?

  - by John O

  There are no perl modules for Lync. No open source clients. Windows Powershell can do some things with it, but only on the server on which the server software is installed. It would be useful to be able to forward a certain desk phone number (we use Lync for voip) to a personal cell phone. We can do this from our own desktop machines, but only using the Lync client. It would be nice to be able to have a cron script run that just did rotations, I wouldn't have to carry around the lousy on-call phone with me. communicator.exe doesn't take any useful parameters. Nor are there any obvious function names in the DLLs that would let me just use rundll32.exe to accomplish this. There is a Lync SDK, but no examples of changing phone forwarding, and my Windows 7 machine refuses to install the Silverlight SDK dependency for some reason I can't fathom. Does anyone have any other ideas how I might accomplish this?

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• How can I launch a GUI session on a remote Ubuntu Desktop via SSH from a non-GUI Linux shell?

  - by Vihung

  I am setting up a test environment, made up of various Linux boxes, and I have the need to launch an instance of Firefox on a remote machine via ssh. The remote machine has Ubuntu Desktop (11) and Firefox installed. The source machine is a Continuous Integration server and it creates an ssh session to the remote machine from a non-GUI environment. It then runs a script, which tries to launch Firefox on the remote machine. However, since the ssh session is a from a non-GUI environment, there is no display. Is it possible to have a headless X-windows display? i.e. a virtual display in the remote environment for Firefox to run in? What options do I have?

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