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• SQL SERVER – Storing Variable Values in Temporary Array or Temporary List

  - by pinaldave

  SQL Server does not support arrays or a dynamic length storage mechanism like list. Absolutely there are some clever workarounds and few extra-ordinary solutions but everybody can;t come up with such solution. Additionally, sometime the requirements are very simple that doing extraordinary coding is not required. Here is the simple case. Let us say here are the values: a, 10, 20, c, 30, d. Now the requirement is to store them in a array or list. It is very easy to do the same in C# or C. However, there is no quick way to do the same in SQL Server. Every single time when I get such requirement, I create a table variable and store the values in the table variables. Here is the example: For SQL Server 2012: DECLARE @ListofIDs TABLE(IDs VARCHAR(100)); INSERT INTO @ListofIDs VALUES('a'),('10'),('20'),('c'),('30'),('d'); SELECT IDs FROM @ListofIDs; GO When executed above script it will give following resultset. Above script will work in SQL Server 2012 only for SQL Server 2008 and earlier version run following code. DECLARE @ListofIDs TABLE(IDs VARCHAR(100), ID INT IDENTITY(1,1)); INSERT INTO @ListofIDs SELECT 'a' UNION ALL SELECT '10' UNION ALL SELECT '20' UNION ALL SELECT 'c' UNION ALL SELECT '30' UNION ALL SELECT 'd'; SELECT IDs FROM @ListofIDs; GO Now in this case, I have to convert numbers to varchars because I have to store mix datatypes in a single column. Additionally, this quick solution does not give any features of arrays (like inserting values in between as well accessing values using array index). Well, do you ever have to store temporary multiple values in SQL Server – if the count of values are dynamic and datatype is not specified early how will you about storing values which can be used later in the programming. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – SELECT INTO with FileGroup or Partitionis Not Possible

  - by Pinal Dave

  The other day, I received an email from user and after a long time before I answer the question, I had to check the answer online. Here is the question - I want to create a new table based from old table, but when I execute following script it gives me an error. Is there anything I am missing in my syntax? SELECT *  INTO NewTableName ON MyFileGroup FROM MyOldTableName I faintly remember that this was not possible in earlier version of SQL Server but I was not sure if this feature was added in the recent versions or not. I quickly tried few syntaxes and referred online documentation and learned that it is still not possible in the latest version of SQL Server. The alternative is to just go ahead and change the default filegroup of any new table with following script. Though, I do not like change the default filegroup for new tables. It is possible that when I have changed the default filegroup some other code executes behind the scene by automated system or my colleague, it will be also created on new filegroup. ALTER DATABASE DatabaseName MODIFY FILEGROUP NameofFileGroup DEFAULT The reason this feature is not supported is that SELCT INTO is minimally logged operation. I seriously hope that some day in the future this feature get added in. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL Tagged: Filegroup

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• SQL SERVER – Excel Losing Decimal Values When Value Pasted from SSMS ResultSet

  - by pinaldave

  No! It is not a SQL Server Issue or SSMS issue. It is how things work. There is a simple trick to resolve this issue. It is very common when users are coping the resultset to Excel, the floating point or decimals are missed. The solution is very much simple and it requires a small adjustment in the Excel. By default Excel is very smart and when it detects the value which is getting pasted is numeric it changes the column format to accommodate that. Now as Zero which are training any digit after decimal points have no value, Excel automatically hides it. To prevent this to happen user has to convert columns to text format so it can preserve the formatting. Here is how you can do it. Select the corner between A and 1 and Right Click on it. It will select complete spreadsheet. If you want to change the format of any column you can select an individual column the same way. In the menu Click on Format Cells… It will bring up the following menu. Here by default the selected column will be General, change that to Text. It will change the format of all the cells to Text. Now once again paste the values from SSMS to the Excel. This time it will preserve the decimal values from SSMS. Solved! Any other trick you do you know to preserve the decimal values? Leave a comment please. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Excel

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• SQL – Download FREE Book – Data Access for HighlyScalable Solutions: Using SQL, NoSQL, and Polyglot Persistence

  - by Pinal Dave

  Recently I was preparing for Big Data and I ended up on very interesting read for everybody. This is created by Microsoft and it is indeed a fantastic read as per my opinion. It took me some time to read this entire book but it was worth reading this as it tried to answer two of the very interesting questions related to muscle. Here is the abstract from the book: Organizations seeking to use a NoSQL database are therefore faced with a twofold challenge: • Which NoSQL database(s) best meet(s) the needs of the organization? • How does an organization integrate a NoSQL database into its solutions? As I keep on reading the book, I find it very interesting and informative. I suggest if you have time this weekend, download the book and read it. This guide focuses on the most common types of NoSQL database currently available, describes the situations for which they are most suited, and shows examples of how you might incorporate them into a business application. The guide summarizes the experiences of a fictitious organization named Adventure Works, who implemented a solution that comprised an assortment of different databases. Download Data Access for HighlyScalable Solutions:  Using SQL, NoSQL,  and Polyglot Persistence While we are talking about Big Data and NoSQL do not forget to check out my tomorrow’s blog as I am going to talk about the same subject and it will be very interesting. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Big Data, NoSQL, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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• SQLAuthority News – Download Whitepaper – Power View Infrastructure Configuration and Installation: Step-by-Step and Scripts

  - by pinaldave

  Power View, a feature of SQL Server 2012 Reporting Services Add-in for Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 Enterprise Edition, is an interactive data exploration, visualization, and presentation experience. It provides intuitive ad-hoc reporting for business users such as data analysts, business decision makers, and information workers. Microsoft has recently released very interesting whitepaper which covers a sample scenario that validates the connectivity of the Power View reports to both PowerPivot workbooks and tabular models. This white paper talks about following important concepts about Power View: Understanding the hardware and software requirements and their download locations Installing and configuring the required infrastructure when Power View and its data models are on the same computer and on different computer Installing and configuring a computer used for client access to Power View reports, models, Sharepoint 2012 and Power View in a workgroup Configuring single sign-on access for double-hop scenarios with and without Kerberos You can download the whitepaper from here. This whitepaper talks about many interesting scenarios. It would be really interesting to know if you are using Power View in your production environment. If yes, would you please share your experience over here. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Business Intelligence, Data Warehousing, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Download, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL White Papers, T SQL, Technology

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• MySQL – Introduction to CONCAT and CONCAT_WS functions

  - by Pinal Dave

  MySQL supports two types of concatenation functions. They are CONCAT and CONCAT_WS CONCAT function just concats all the argument values as such SELECT CONCAT('Television','Mobile','Furniture'); The above code returns the following TelevisionMobileFurniture If you want to concatenate them with a comma, either you need to specify the comma at the end of each value, or pass comma as an argument along with the values SELECT CONCAT('Television,','Mobile,','Furniture'); SELECT CONCAT('Television',',','Mobile',',','Furniture'); Both the above return the following Television,Mobile,Furniture However you can omit the extra work by using CONCAT_WS function. It stands for Concatenate with separator. This is very similar to CONCAT function, but accepts separator as the first argument. SELECT CONCAT_WS(',','Television','Mobile','Furniture'); The result is Television,Mobile,Furniture If you want pipeline as a separator, you can use SELECT CONCAT_WS('|','Television','Mobile','Furniture'); The result is Television|Mobile|Furniture So CONCAT_WS is very flexible in concatenating values along with separate. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: MySQL, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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• SQL – What is the latest Version of NuoDB? – A Quick Contest to Get Amazon Gift Cards

  - by Pinal Dave

  We had a great contest earlier last week - What ACID stands in the Database? – Contest to Win 24 Amazon Gift Cards and Joes 2 Pros 2012 Kit. It has received quite a few responses. Just like any other contest, not everyone was winner. The kind folks at NuoDB decided to give another chance to everyone who have not won in the last contest. This means if you have missed to take part in the earlier contest or if you have taken part and not won, you still have one more chance to win Amazon Gift Card. Here is the quick contest: You just have to go and download NuoDB. The first 10 people who will download the NuoDB will get 10 – USD 10 cards. Remaining everyone will be entered into a lucky draw of Amazon Gift cards of USD 50. Winners will be announced in next 24 hours. Bonus Round: If you have entered in the contest above, you can also enter to win latest Beginning SSRS Joes 2 Pros book. You just have to leave a comment over here with your experience about your experience with NuoDB and what is the latest version of the product. Here are few of the blog post I wrote earlier on that subject: Part 1 – Install NuoDB in 90 Seconds Part 2 – Manage NuoDB Installation Part 3 – Explore NuoDB Database Part 4 – Migrate from SQL Server to NuoDB Part 5 - NuoDB and Third Party Explorer – SQuirreL SQL Client, SQL Workbench/J and DbVisualizer Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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• SQL SERVER – Caption the Cartoon Contest – Last 2 Days

  - by pinaldave

  Developer’s life is very interesting, we often want to start my day early at a job so we can go home early. However, the day never comes as the life of the developer is always about working late hours. If the developer goes to the office early – there are good chances that his co-workers will come late. Additionally, I am confident that there will be always something urgent for developers or DBA to solve right at the time they are ready to go home. This is the life of the developers!  Here is the interesting story of a DBA who was about to go to the home. He had to take his girlfriend to a movie and dinner in 30 minutes. However, his manager asks him to fix the performance related issues with their production server. In normal case, he had only two choices a) Job or b) Girlfriend. Well, our super hero DBA decided to use efficient tools and improve the performance of the production server in merely 30 minutes. When he was done, his manager was absolutely surprised by his efficiency and accuracy of the work. He asked him following question - Here is the contest – you need to guess what was the answer of our Super Hero DBA. If you guess the answer correct you may win Star Wars R2-D2 Inflatable Remote Controlled device. Additionally, if you Download DB Optimizer before Dec 8, 2012 – you will be eligible for USD 25 Amazon Gift Card (there are total 10 such awards). Please do not leave comments in this thread – to participate in the contest – please leave a comment here in the original contest page. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Using RAND() in User Defined Functions (UDF)

  - by pinaldave

  Here is the question I received in email. “Pinal, I am writing a function where we need to generate random password. While writing T-SQL I faced following issue. Everytime I tried to use RAND() function in my User Defined Function I am getting following error: Msg 443, Level 16, State 1, Procedure RandFn, Line 7 Invalid use of a side-effecting operator ‘rand’ within a function. Here is the simplified T-SQL code of the function which I am using: CREATE FUNCTION RandFn() RETURNS INT AS BEGIN DECLARE @rndValue INT SET @rndValue = RAND() RETURN @rndValue END GO I must use UDF so is there any workaround to use RAND function in UDF.” Here is the workaround how RAND() can be used in UDF. The scope of the blog post is not to discuss the advantages or disadvantages of the function or random function here but just to show how RAND() function can be used in UDF. RAND() function is directly not allowed to use in the UDF so we have to find alternate way to use the same function. This can be achieved by creating a VIEW which is using RAND() function and use the same VIEW in the UDF. Here is the step by step instructions. Create a VIEW using RAND function. CREATE VIEW rndView AS SELECT RAND() rndResult GO Create a UDF using the same VIEW. CREATE FUNCTION RandFn() RETURNS DECIMAL(18,18) AS BEGIN DECLARE @rndValue DECIMAL(18,18) SELECT @rndValue = rndResult FROM rndView RETURN @rndValue END GO Now execute the UDF and it will just work fine and return random result. SELECT dbo.RandFn() GO In T-SQL world, I have noticed that there are more than one solution to every problem. Is there any better solution to this question? Please post that question as a comment and I will include it with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: technology

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• How to log error queries in mysql?

  - by Kaizoku

  I know that there is general_log that logs all queries, but I want to find out which query has an error, and get the error message. I have tried running an error query on purpose, but it logs as a normal query and doesn't report it with error. Any ideas?

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• SQL SERVER – Fix Visual Studio Error : Connections to SQL Server files (.mdf) require SQL Server Express 2005 to function properly. Please verify the installation of the component or download from the URL

  - by pinaldave

  In one of the virtual environment while I was trying to add SQL Server Database (.mdf) file to asp.net project I encountered following error: Connections to SQL Server files (.mdf) require SQL Server Express 2005 to function properly. Please verify the installation of the component or download from the URL:  For a long time I am using SQL Server 2012 but this error was a bit interesting to me. I realize that there should not be any need of the SQL Server 2005 installation. I quickly figured out that I can remove this error if I do as mentioned below: Open Microsoft Visual Studio Select Tools >> Options >> Database Tools >> Data Connections Enter the name of an installed instance in “SQL Server Instance Name” field. Click OK If you do not know the instance name, you can follow either of the options. 1) Use the command line sqlcmd utility 2) Using SQL Server Management Studio Is there any other way to resolve this error? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: sqlcmd, Visual Studio

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• SQL SERVER – FIX ERROR – Cannot connect to . Login failed. The login is from an untrusted domain and cannot be used with Windows authentication. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 18452)

  - by pinaldave

  Just a day ago, I was doing small attempting to connect to my local SQL Server using IP 127.0.0.1. The IP is of my local machine and SQL Server is installed on the local box as well. However, whenever I try to connect to the server it gave me following strange error. Cannot connect to 127.0.0.1. Login failed. The login is from an untrusted domain and cannot be used with Windows authentication. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 18452) The reason was indeed strange as I was trying to connect from local box to local box and it said my login was from an untrusted domain. As my system is not part of any domain, this was really confusing to me. Another thing was that I have been always able to connect always using 127.0.0.1 to SQL Server and this was a bit strange to me. I started to think what did I change since it  last time I connected to SQL Server. Suddenly I remembered that I had modified my computer’s host file for some other purpose. Solution: I opened my host file and immediately added entry like 127.0.0.1 localhost. Once I added it I was able to reconnect to SQL Server as usual. The location of the host file is C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc. You will find file with the name hosts in it, make sure to open it with notepad. If you are part of a domain and your organization is using active directory, make sure that your account is added properly to active directory as well have proper security permissions to execute the task. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Bind9 not doing anything with forwarded query responses?

  - by Rykaro

  I have a Bind DNS server that is the local production DNS server and a Windows 2008 R2 domain controller which provides DNS for a lab environment with the domain xyz.lab. I've configured the Bind DNS to forward DNS requests for the domain xyz.lab to the Windows DNS server with this config: zone "xyz.lab" { type forward; forward only; forwarders { x.x.x.x; }; }; zone "x.x.x.in-addr.arpa" { type forward; forward only; forwarders { x.x.x.x; }; }; And Bind options are (the all_internal acl includes the subnets of both the production and lab networks as well as the loopback of the bind server): allow-query { all_internal; }; allow-recursion { all_internal; }; allow-transfer { none; }; notify no; minimal-responses yes; version "unknown"; Unfortunately, when I do an nslookup or dig on the bind server for a host on the lab domain, the request times out. The logs on the Windows 2008 DNS server show it receiving the query and responding to it and a network packet trace shows the query responses arriving at the Bind DNS server. The servers reside on the same switch with a router providing connectivity between the layer 3 subnets (production and lab are on different subnets) and there is a round trip time of between 3ms and 5ms on pings between the two servers, so I don't think there is an issue with latency causing a timeout of the query. In summary a query-response arrives back at the Bind server and the nslookup/dig times-out. Why does the Bind DNS not seem to be doing anything with the query responses when it receives them?

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• How to give default values for the sum, count if no data exist in mysql query which uses group by?

  - by Salil

  I am using following query which works fine for me except one problem SELECT f.period as month, sum(p.revenue * ((100-q.rate)/100)) as revenue ,count(distinct q.label) as tot_stmt FROM files f, reports p, rates q,albums a where f.period in ('2010-06-01','2010-05-01','2010-04-01','2010-03-01') and f.period_closed = true and q.period = f.period and a.id = q.album_id and p.file_id = f.id and p.upc = a.upc and p.revenue is not null GROUP BY month ORDER BY month DESC O/P = month            revenue     tot_stmt 2010-06-01     10.00         2 2010-05-01     340.47       2 I want result like following month            revenue     tot_stmt 2010-06-01     10.00         2 2010-05-01     340.47       2 2010-04-01     0.00           0 2010-03-01     0.00           0 Regards, Salil Gaikwad

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• There is insufficient system memory to run this query when creating temporary table

  - by phenevo

  StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder(); query.Append("CREATE TABLE #Codes (Code nvarchar(100) collate database_default ) "); query.Append("Insert into #Codes (Code) "); int lengthOfCodesArray = targetCodes.Length; for (int index = 0; index < lengthOfCodesArray; index++) { string targetCode = targetCodes[index]; query.Append("Select N'" + targetCode + "' "); if (index != lengthOfCodesArray - 1) { query.Append("Union All "); } } query.Append("drop table #Codes "); on: cmd.ExecuteReader() I get There is insufficient system memory to run this query when creating temporary table But weird thing is that, when I have 25k codes is ok, when 5k I get this error. Initial size is 262 MB. Lengt of each code is average 15.

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• SQL - query inside NOT IN takes longer than the complete query ??

  - by Aleksandar Tomic

  Hi every1, I'm using NOT IN inside my SQL query. For example: select columnA from table1 where columnA not in ( select columnB from table2) How is it possible that this part of the query select columnB from table2 takes 30sec to complete, but the whole query above takes 0.1sec to complete?? Shouldn't the complete query take 30sec + ? BTW, both queries return valid results. Thanks! Answers to Comments Is it because the second query hasn't actually completed but has only returned back the first 'x' rows (out of a very large table?) No, the query is completed after 30 seconds, not to many rows returned (eg. 50). But @Aleksandar wondered why the question congaing the performance killer was so fast. my point exactly Also how long does select distinct columnB from table2 take to execute? actually, the original query is "select distinct...

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• CodeIgniter pagination with this->db->query

  - by cyberfly

  Hi all, How to use the codeigniter with $this-db-query() method? If i use active record class i would do like this: $query = $this->db->get('tb_cash_transaction',$num,$offset); $this->db->order_by("CURRENCY_ID", "asc"); Now i am using the $this-db-query() $query = "SELECT * FROM tb_cash_transaction, tb_currency, tb_user where tb_cash_transaction.CURRENCY_ID=tb_currency.CURRENCY_ID and tb_cash_transaction.USER_ID=tb_user.USER_ID and TYPE='cash_out'"; $query = $this->db->query($query); How to implement it? Thank you.

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• Sql query builder c# for windows mobile

  - by pdiddy

  I'm building a windows mobile app. And using SqlCe. I'm looking for a good sql query builder. So instead of writing "SELECT COLUMNS FROM TABLE WHERE etc... Is there a good free library that can build this sort of query? EDIT: You know when you write your code with ADO.net something like this SqlCeCommand command = new SqlCeCommand(Connection); command.CommandText = "SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE customerId = @customerId"; Well i'm looking for some library that could build that SELECT statement using classes instead of writing it through string. So something like: SqlCeCommand command = new SqlCeCommand(Connection); SqlQueryBuilder query = new SqlQueryBuilder(); query.Table = "Orders"; query.AddWhere("customerId", myValue) command.CommandText = query.toString(); Something like that .... so a class that will build the query..

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• Translating this query in LINQ ? (list of like)

  - by Erick

  I would like to translate this query in LINQ ... it is very easy to construct if we do it in pure SQL but in dynamically created LINQ query (building a search query based on user input) it's a whole new story. SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE 1=1 AND Column2 IN (1,2,3) AND ( Column1 LIKE '%a%' OR Column1 LIKE '%b%' ) Now to try to construct this we tried it this way : if(myOjb.Column2Collection != null) query = query.where(f => f.Column2.Contains(myOjb.Column2Collection)); if(myObj.Column1Collection != null) { // tough part here ? //query = query.Where(); ... } So what would be the best aproach to this normally ? Note that I am aware of the SqlMethod.Like, tho I can't figure a way to implement it here ...

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• SQL SERVER – Retrieve and Explore Database Backup without Restoring Database – Idera virtual databas

  - by pinaldave

  I recently downloaded Idera’s SQL virtual database, and tested it. There are a few things about this tool which caught my attention. My Scenario It is quite common in real life that sometimes observing or retrieving older data is necessary; however, it had changed as time passed by. The full database backup was 40 GB in size, and, to restore it on our production server, it usually takes around 16 to 22 minutes, depending on the load server that is usually present. This range in time varies from one server to another as per the configuration of the computer. Some other issues we used to have are the following: When we try to restore a large 40-GB database, we needed at least that much space on our production server. Once in a while, we even had to make changes in the restored database, and use the said changed and restored database for our purpose, making it more time-consuming. My Solution I have heard a lot about the Idera’s SQL virtual database tool.. Well, right after we started to test this tool, we found out that it really delivers what it promises. Using this software was very easy and we were able to restore our database from backup in less than 2 minutes, sparing us from the usual longer time of 16–22 minutes. The needful was finished in a total of 10 minutes. Another interesting observation is that there is no need to have an additional space for restoring the database. For complete database restoration, the single additional MB on the drive is not required anymore. We can use the database in the same way as our regular database, and there is no need for any additional configuration and setup. Let us look at the most relevant points of this product based on my initial experience: Quick restoration of the database backup No additional space required for database restoration virtual database has no physical .MDF or .LDF The database which is restored is, in fact, the backup file converted in the virtual database. DDL and DML queries can be executed against this virtually restored database. Regular backup operation can be implemented against virtual database, creating a physical .bak file that can be used for future use. There was no observed degradation in performance on the original database as well the restored virtual database. Additional T-SQL queries can be let off on the virtual database. Well, this summarizes my quick review. And, as I was saying, I am very impressed with the product and I plan to explore it more. There are many features that I have noticed in this tool, which I think can be very useful if properly understood. I had taken a few screenshots using my demo database afterwards. Let us see what other things this tool can do besides the mentioned activities. I am surprised with its performance so I want to know how exactly this feature works, specifically in the matter of why it does not create any additional files and yet, it still allows update on the virtually restored database. I guess I will have to send an e-mail to the developers of Idera and try to figure this out from them. I think this tool is very useful, and it delivers a high level of performance way more than what I expected. Soon, I will write a review for additional uses of SQL virtual database.. If you are using SQL virtual database in your production environment, I am eager to learn more about it and your experience while using it. The ‘Virtual’ Part of virtual database When I set out to test this software, I thought virtual database had something to do with Hyper-V or visualization. In fact, the virtual database is a kind of database which shows up in your SQL Server Management Studio without actually restoring or even creating it. This tool creates a database in SSMS from the backup of the same database. The backup, however, works virtually the same way as original database. Potential Usage of virtual database: As soon as I described this tool to my teammate, I think his very first reaction was, “hey, if we have this then there is no need for log shipping.” I find his comment very interesting as log shipping is something where logs are moved to another server. In fact, there are no updates on the database from log; I would rather compare it with Snapshot Replication. In fact, whatever we use, snapshot replicated database can be similarly used and configured with virtual database. I totally believe that we can use it for reporting purpose. In fact, after this database was configured, I think the uses of this tool are unlimited. I will have to spend some more time studying it and will get back to you. Click on images to see larger images. virtual database Console Harddrive Space before virtual database Setup Attach Full Backup Screen Backup on Harddrive Attach Full Backup Screen with Settings virtual database Setup – less than 60 sec virtual database Setup – Online Harddrive Space after virtual database Setup Point in Time Recovery Option – Timeline View virtual database Summary No Performance Difference between Regular DB vs Virtual DB Please note that all SQL Server MVP gets free license of this software. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com), Idera (virtual database) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Add-On, SQL Authority, SQL Backup and Restore, SQL Data Storage, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Idera

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• SQL SERVER – What is Incremental Statistics? – Performance improvements in SQL Server 2014 – Part 1

  - by Pinal Dave

  This is the first part of the series Incremental Statistics. Here is the index of the complete series. What is Incremental Statistics? – Performance improvements in SQL Server 2014 – Part 1 Simple Example of Incremental Statistics – Performance improvements in SQL Server 2014 – Part 2 DMV to Identify Incremental Statistics – Performance improvements in SQL Server 2014 – Part 3 Statistics are considered one of the most important aspects of SQL Server Performance Tuning. You might have often heard the phrase, with related to performance tuning. “Update Statistics before you take any other steps to tune performance”. Honestly, I have said above statement many times and many times, I have personally updated statistics before I start to do any performance tuning exercise. You may agree or disagree to the point, but there is no denial that Statistics play an extremely vital role in the performance tuning. SQL Server 2014 has a new feature called Incremental Statistics. I have been playing with this feature for quite a while and I find that very interesting. After spending some time with this feature, I decided to write about this subject over here. New in SQL Server 2014 – Incremental Statistics Well, it seems like lots of people wants to start using SQL Server 2014′s new feature of Incremetnal Statistics. However, let us understand what actually this feature does and how it can help. I will try to simplify this feature first before I start working on the demo code. Code for all versions of SQL Server Here is the code which you can execute on all versions of SQL Server and it will update the statistics of your table. The keyword which you should pay attention is WITH FULLSCAN. It will scan the entire table and build brand new statistics for you which your SQL Server Performance Tuning engine can use for better estimation of your execution plan. UPDATE STATISTICS TableName(StatisticsName) WITH FULLSCAN Who should learn about this? Why? If you are using partitions in your database, you should consider about implementing this feature. Otherwise, this feature is pretty much not applicable to you. Well, if you are using single partition and your table data is in a single place, you still have to update your statistics the same way you have been doing. If you are using multiple partitions, this may be a very useful feature for you. In most cases, users have multiple partitions because they have lots of data in their table. Each partition will have data which belongs to itself. Now it is very common that each partition are populated separately in SQL Server. Real World Example For example, if your table contains data which is related to sales, you will have plenty of entries in your table. It will be a good idea to divide the partition into multiple filegroups for example, you can divide this table into 3 semesters or 4 quarters or even 12 months. Let us assume that we have divided our table into 12 different partitions. Now for the month of January, our first partition will be populated and for the month of February our second partition will be populated. Now assume, that you have plenty of the data in your first and second partition. Now the month of March has just started and your third partition has started to populate. Due to some reason, if you want to update your statistics, what will you do? In SQL Server 2012 and earlier version You will just use the code of WITH FULLSCAN and update the entire table. That means even though you have only data in third partition you will still update the entire table. This will be VERY resource intensive process as you will be updating the statistics of the partition 1 and 2 where data has not changed at all. In SQL Server 2014 You will just update the partition of Partition 3. There is a special syntax where you can now specify which partition you want to update now. The impact of this is that it is smartly merging the new data with old statistics and update the entire statistics without doing FULLSCAN of your entire table. This has a huge impact on performance. Remember that the new feature in SQL Server 2014 does not change anything besides the capability to update a single partition. However, there is one feature which is indeed attractive. Previously, when table data were changed 20% at that time, statistics update were triggered. However, now the same threshold is applicable to a single partition. That means if your partition faces 20% data, change it will also trigger partition level statistics update which, when merged to your final statistics will give you better performance. In summary If you are not using a partition, this feature is not applicable to you. If you are using a partition, this feature can be very helpful to you. Tomorrow: We will see working code of SQL Server 2014 Incremental Statistics. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL Tagged: SQL Statistics, Statistics

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• SQLAuthority News – A Conversation with an Old Friend – Sri Sridharan

  - by pinaldave

  Sri Sridharan is my old friend and we often talk on GTalk. The subject varies from Life in India/USA, movies, musics, and of course SQL. We have our differences when we talk about food or movie but we always agree when we talk about SQL. Yesterday while chatting with him we talked about SQLPASS and the conversation lasted for a long time. Here is the conversation between us on GTalk. I have removed a few of the personal talks and formatted into paragraphs as GTalk often shows stuff out of formatting. Pinal: Sri, Congrats on running for the PASS BoD again. You were so close last year. What made you decide to run again this year? Sri: Thank you Pinal for your leadership in the PASS India Community and all the things you do out there. After coming so close last year, there was no doubt in my mind that I will run again. I was truly humbled by the support I got from the community. Growing up in India for over 25 years, you are brought up in a very competitive part of the world. Right from the pressure of staying in the top of the class from kindergarten to your graduation, the relentless push from your parents about studying and getting good grades (and nothing else matters), you land up essentially living in a pressure cooker. To survive that relentless pressure, you need to have a thick skin, ability to stand up for who you really are , what you want to accomplish and in the process stay true those values. I am striving for a greater cause, to make PASS an organization that can help people with their SQL Server careers, to make PASS relevant to its chapter members, to make PASS an organization that every SQL professional in the world wants to be connected with. Just because I did not get elected or appointed last year does not mean that these causes are not worth fighting. Giving up upon failing the first time is simply not in me. If I did that, what message would I send to those who voted for me? What message would I send to my kids? Pinal: As someone who has such strong roots in India, what can the Indian PASS Community expect from you? Sri: First of all, I think fostering a regional leadership is something PASS must encourage as part of its global growth plan. For PASS global being able to understand all the issues in a region of the world and make sound decisions will be a tough thing to do on a continuous basis. I expect people like you, chapter leaders, regional mentors, MVPs of the region start playing a bigger role in shaping the next generation of PASS. That is something I said in my campaign and I still stand by it. I would like to see growth in the number of chapters in India. The current count does not truly represent the full potential of that region. I was pretty thrilled to see the Bangalore SQLSaturday happen early this year. I would like to see more of SQLSaturday events, at least in the major metro cities. I know the issues in India are very different from the rest of the world. So the formula needs to be tweaked a little for it to work better in India. Once the SQLSaturday model is vetted out, maybe there could be enough justification to have SQLRally India. PASS needs to have a premier SQL event in that region. Going to USA or Europe for that matter is incredibly hard due to VISA issues etc. So this could be a case of where PASS comes closer to where the community is. Pinal: What portfolio would take on if you are elected to the PASS Board? Sri: There are some very strong folks on the PASS Board today. The President discusses the portfolios with the group and makes the final call on the portfolios. I am also a fan of having a team associated with the portfolios. In that case, one person is the primary for a portfolio but secondary on a couple of other portfolios. This way people on the board have a direct vested interest in a few portfolios. Personally, I know I would these portfolios good justice – Chapters, Global Growth and Events (SQLSat, SQLRally). I would try to see if we can get a director to focus on Volunteers.  To me that is very critical for growth in the international regions. Pinal: This is an interesting conversation with you Sri. I know you so long time but this is indeed inspiring to many. India is a big country and we appreciate your thoughts. Sri: Thank you very much for taking time to chat with me today. Cheers. There are pretty strong candidates for SQLPASS Board of Elections this year. I know all of them in person and honestly it is going to be extremely difficult to not to vote for anybody. I am indeed in a crunch right now how to pick one over another. Though the choice is difficult, I encourage you to vote for them. I am extremely confident that the new board of directors will all have the same goal – Better SQL Server Community. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, DBA, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL PASS, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• The Select query I am using is not working.. Can Somebody Guide me to the Correct way?

  - by Parth

  I am using the Select query as SELECT id, ordering FROM `jos_menu` WHERE ordering='".$rec['ordering'] -'1' ."' AND parent = '0' Here I need all the records whose ordering is less than 1 of the selected record's order($rec['ordering'] = getting from other select query ) when I am trying to echo the query I am not getting complete statement but getting only this -1' AND parent = '0' here is the whole snippet $where = ' WHERE (id = ' . implode( ' OR id = ', $cid ) . ')';//Pranav Dave Coded echo $selquery = "SELECT id, ordering FROM `jos_menu`".$where; //Pranav Dave Coded $db->setQuery( $selquery );//Pranav Dave Coded $record = $db->loadAssocList(); //Pranav Dave Coded if ($model->orderItem($id, -1)) { echo "<pre>"; print_r($model); /*exit;*/ //echo $updorderup = mysql_escape_string($model->_db->_sql);//Pranav Dave Coded foreach($record as $rec)//Pranav Dave Coded { echo $aboverow = "SELECT id, ordering FROM `jos_menu` WHERE ordering='".$rec['ordering'] -'1' ."' AND parent = '0'"; $db->setQuery( $aboverow ); $above = $db->loadAssoc(); echo "<pre>"; print_r($above); }//end of foreach }//end of if Please suggest me where I am getting wrong.....

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• SQL SERVER – Fix : Error 3623 – An invalid floating point operation occurred

  - by pinaldave

  Going back in time, I always had a problem with mathematics. It was a great subject and I loved it a lot but I only mastered it after practices a lot. I learned that mathematics problems should be addressed systematically and being verbose is not a trick, I learned to solve any problem. Recently one of reader sent me an email with the title “Mathematics problem – please help!” and I was a bit scared. I was good at mathematics but not the best. When I opened the email I was relieved as it was Mathematics problem with SQL Server. My friend received following error while working with SQL Server. Msg 3623, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 An invalid floating point operation occurred. The reasons for the error is simply that invalid usage of the mathematical function is attempted. Let me give you a few examples of the same. SELECT SQRT(-5); SELECT ACOS(-3); SELECT LOG(-9); If you run any of the above functions they will give you an error related to invalid floating point. Honestly there is no workaround except passing the function appropriate values. SQRT of a negative number will give you result in real numbers which is not supported at this point of time as well LOG of a negative number is not possible (because logarithm is the inverse function of an exponential function and the exponential function is NEVER negative). When I send above reply to my friend he did understand that he was passing incorrect value to the function. As mentioned earlier the only way to fix this issue is finding incorrect value and avoid passing it to the function. Every mathematics function is different and there is not a single solution to identify erroneous value passed. If you are facing this error and not able to figure out the solution. Post a comment and I will do my best to figure out the solution. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – Out of the Box – Activty and Performance Reports from SSSMS

  - by pinaldave

  SQL Server management Studio 2008 is wonderful tool and has many different features. Many times, an average user does not use them as they are not aware about these features. Today, we will learn one such feature. SSMS comes with many inbuilt performance and activity reports, but we do not use it to the full potential. Let us see how we can access these standard reports. Connect to SQL Server Node >> Right Click on it >> Go to Reports >> Click on Standard Reports >> Pick Any Report. Click to Enlarge You can see there are many reports, which an average users needs right away, are available there. Let me list all the reports available. Server Dashboard Configuration Changes History Schema Changes History Scheduler Health Memory Consumption Activity – All Blocking Transactions Activity – All Cursors Activity – All Sessions Activity – Top Sessions Activity – Dormant Sessions Activity -  Top Connections Top Transactions by Age Top Transactions by Blocked Transactions Count Top Transactions by Locks Count Performance – Batch Execution Statistics Performance – Object Execution Statistics Performance – Top Queries by Average CPU Time Performance – Top Queries by Average IO Performance – Top Queries by Total CPU Time Performance – Top Queries by Total IO Service Broker Statistics Transactions Log Shipping Status In fact, when you look at the above list, it is fairly clear that they are very thought out and commonly needed reports that are available in SQL Server 2008. Let us run a couple of reports and observe their result. Performance – Top Queries by Total CPU Time Click to Enlarge Memory Consumption Click to Enlarge There are options for custom reports as well, which we can configure. We will learn about them in some other post. Additionally, you can right click on the reports and export in Excel or PDF. I think this tool can really help those who are just looking for some quick details. Does any of you use this feature, or this feature has some limitations and You would like to see more features? Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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