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  • Simulating aspects of static-typing in a duck-typed language

    - by Mike
    In my current job I'm building a suite of Perl scripts that depend heavily on objects. (using Perl's bless() on a Hash to get as close to OO as possible) Now, for lack of a better way of putting this, most programmers at my company aren't very smart. Worse, they don't like reading documentation and seem to have a problem understanding other people's code. Cowboy coding is the game here. Whenever they encounter a problem and try to fix it, they come up with a horrendous solution that actually solves nothing and usually makes it worse. This results in me, frankly, not trusting them with code written in duck typed language. As an example, I see too many problems with them not getting an explicit error for misusing objects. For instance, if type A has member foo, and they do something like, instance->goo, they aren't going to see the problem immediately. It will return a null/undefined value, and they will probably waste an hour finding the cause. Then end up changing something else because they didn't properly identify the original problem. So I'm brainstorming for a way to keep my scripting language (its rapid development is an advantage) but give an explicit error message when an an object isn't used properly. I realize that since there isn't a compile stage or static typing, the error will have to be at run time. I'm fine with this, so long as the user gets a very explicit notice saying "this object doesn't have X" As part of my solution, I don't want it to be required that they check if a method/variable exists before trying to use it. Even though my work is in Perl, I think this can be language agnostic.

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  • Program Structure Design Tools? (Top Down Design)

    - by Lee Olayvar
    I have been looking to expand my methodologies to better involve Unit testing, and i stumbled upon Behavioral Driven Design (Namely Cucumber, and a few others). I am quite intrigued by the concept as i have never been able to properly design top down, only because keeping track of the design gets lost without a decent way to record it. So on that note, in a mostly language agnostic way, are there any useful tools out there i am (probably) unaware of? Eg, i have often been tempted to try building flow charts for my programs, but i am not sure how much that will help, and it seems a bit confusing to me how i could make a complex enough flow chart to handle the logic of a full program, and all its features.. ie, it just seems like flow charts would be limiting in the design scheme.. or possibly grow to an unmaintainable scale. BDD methods are nice, but with a system that is so tied to structure, tying into the language and unit testing seems like a must (for it to be worth it) and it seems to be hard to find something to work well with both Python and Java (my two main languages). So anyway.. on that note, any comments are much appreciated. I have searched around on here and it seems like top down design is a well discussed topic, but i haven't seen too much reference to tools themselves, eg, flow chart programs, etc. I am on Linux, if it matters (in the case of programs).

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  • What Language Feature Can You Just Not Live Without?

    - by akdom
    I always miss python's built-in doc strings when working in other languages. I know this may seem odd, but it allows me to cut down significantly on excess comments while still providing a clean description of my code and any interfaces therein. What Language Feature Can You Just Not Live Without? If someone were building a new language and they asked you what one feature they absolutely must include, what would it be? This is getting kind of long, so I figured I'd do my best to summarize: Paraphrased to be language agnostic. If you know of a language which uses something mentioned, please at it in the parenthesis to the right of the feature. And if you have a better format for this list, by all means try it out (if it doesn't seem to work, I'll just roll back). Regular Expressions ~ torial (Perl) Garbage Collection ~ SaaS Developer (Python, Perl, Ruby, Java, .NET) Anonymous Functions ~ Vinko Vrsalovic (Lisp, Python) Arithmetic Operators ~ Jeremy Ross (Python, Perl, Ruby, Java, C#, Visual Basic, C, C++, Pascal, Smalltalk, etc.) Exception Handling ~ torial (Python, Java, .NET) Pass By Reference ~ Chris (Python) Unified String Format WalloWizard (C#) Generics ~ torial (Python, Java, C#) Integrated Query Equivalent to LINQ ~ Vyrotek (C#) Namespacing ~ Garry Shutler () Short Circuit Logic ~ Adam Bellaire ()

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  • Design pattern to use instead of multiple inheritance

    - by mizipzor
    Coming from a C++ background, Im used to multiple inheritance. I like the feeling of a shotgun squarely aimed at my foot. Nowadays, I work more in C# and Java, where you can only inherit one baseclass but implement any number of interfaces (did I get the terminology right?). For example, lets consider two classes that implement a common interface but different (yet required) baseclasses: public class TypeA : CustomButtonUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } public class TypeB : CustomTextUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } Both classes are UserControls so I cant substitute the base class. Both needs to implement the DoMagic function. My problem now is that both implementations of the function are identical. And I hate copy-and-paste code. The (possible) solutions: I naturally want TypeA and TypeB to share a common baseclass, where I can write that identical function definition just once. However, due to having the limit of just one baseclass, I cant find a place along the hierarchy where it fits. One could also try to implement a sort of composite pattern. Putting the DoMagic function in a separate helper class, but the function here needs (and modifies) quite a lot of internal variables/fields. Sending them all as (reference) parameters would just look bad. My gut tells me that the adapter pattern could have a place here, some class to convert between the two when necessery. But it also feels hacky. I tagged this with language-agnostic since it applies to all languages that use this one-baseclass-many-interfaces approach. Also, please point out if I seem to have misunderstood any of the patterns I named. In C++ I would just make a class with the private fields, that function implementation and put it in the inheritance list. Whats the proper approach in C#/Java and the like?

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  • is there a Universal Model for languages?

    - by Smandoli
    Many programming languages share generic and even fairly universal features. For example, if you compared Java, VB6, .NET, PHP, Python, then you would find common functions such as control structures, numeric and string manipulation, etc. What has been done to define these features at a meta-language (or language-agnostic) level? UML offers a descriptive reference of software in every aspect, but the real-world focus seems to be data processes. Is UML relevant? I'm not asking "Why we don't have a single language that replaces the current plethora." We need many different tools (at least in this eon). I'm not asking that all languages fit a template -- assembly vs. compiled languages are different enough to make that unfeasible (and some folks call HTML a language, though I wouldn't). Any attempt would start with a properly narrow scope. In line with this, I wouldn't expect the model to cover even a small selection with full validity. I would expect however that such a model could be used to transpose from one language to another (with limited goals -- think jist translation).

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  • Is this a variation of the traveling salesman problem?

    - by Ville Koskinen
    I'm interested in a function of two word lists, which would return an order agnostic edit distance between them. That is, the arguments would be two lists of (let's say space delimited) words and return value would be the minimum sum of the edit (or Levenshtein) distances of the words in the lists. Distance between "cat rat bat" and "rat bat cat" would be 0. Distance between "cat rat bat" and "fat had bad" would be the same as distance between "rat bat cat" and "had fat bad", 4. In the case the number of words in the lists are not the same, the shorter list would be padded with 0-length words. My intuition (which hasn't been nurtured with computer science classes) does not find any other solution than to use brute force: |had|fat|bad| a solution ---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+ cat| 2 | 1 | 2 | | | 1 | | ---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+ rat| 2 | 1 | 2 | | 3 | | | ---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+ bat| 2 | 1 | 1 | | | | 4 | ---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+ Starting from the first row, pick a column and go to the next rows without ever revisiting a column you have already visited. Do this over and over again until you've tried all combinations. To me this sounds a bit like the traveling salesman problem. Is it, and how would you solve my particular problem?

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  • should the builder reset its build environment after delivering the product

    - by Sudhi
    I am implementing a builder where in the deliverable is retrieved by calling Builder::getProduct() . The director asks various parts to build Builder::buildPartA() , Builder::buildPartB() etc. in order to completely build the product. My question is, once the product is delivered by the Builder by calling Builder::getProduct(), should it reset its environment (Builder::partA = NULL;, Builder::partB = NULL;) so that it is ready to build another product? (with same or different configuration?) I ask this as I am using PHP wherein the objects are by default passed by reference (nope, I don't want to clone them, as one of their field is a Resource) . However, even if you think from a language agnostic point of view, should the Builder reset its build environment ? If your answer is 'it depends on the case' what use cases would justify reseting the environment (and other way round) ? For the sake of providing code sample here's my Builder::gerProcessor() which shows what I mean by reseting the environment /** * @see IBuilder::getProessor() */ public function getProcessor() { if($this->_processor == NULL) { throw new LogicException('Processor not yet built!'); } else { $retval = $this->_processor; $this->_product = NULL, $this->_processor = NULL; } return $retval; }

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  • Should client-server code be written in one "project" or two?

    - by Ricket
    I've been beginning a client-server application. At first I naturally created two projects in Eclipse, two source control repositories, etc. But I'm quickly seeing that there is a bit of shared code between the two that would probably benefit to sharing instead of copying. In addition, I've been learning and trying test-driven development, and it seems to me that it would be easier to test based on real client components rather than having to set up a huge amount of code just to mock something, when the code is probably mostly in the client. My biggest concern in merging the client and server is of security; how do I ensure that the server pieces of the code do not reach an user's computer? So especially if you are writing client-server applications yourself (and especially in Java, though this can turn into a language-agnostic question if you'd like to share your experience with this in other languages), what sort of separation do you keep between your client and server code? Are they just in different packages/namespaces or completely different binaries using shared libraries, or something else entirely? How do you test the code together and yet ship separately?

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  • How to keep confirmation messages after POST while doing a post-submit redirect?

    - by MicE
    Hello, I'm looking for advise on how to share certain bits of data (i.e. post-submit confirmation messages) between individual requests in a web application. Let me explain: Current approach: user submits an add/edit form for a resource if there were no errors, user is shown a confirmation with links to: submit a new resource (for "add" form) view the submitted/edited resource view all resources (one step above in hierarchy) user then has to click on one of the three links to proceed (i.e. to the page "above") Progmatically, the form and its confirmation page are one set of classes. The page above that is another. They can technically share code, but at the moment they are both independent during processing of individual requests. We would like to amend the above as follows: user submits an add/edit form for a resource if there were no errors, the user is redirected to the page with all resources (one step above in hierarchy) with one or more confirmation messages displayed at the top of the page (i.e. success message, to whom was the request assigned, etc) This will: save users one click (they have to go through a lot of these add/edit forms) the post-submit redirect will address common problems with browser refresh / back-buttons What approach would you recommend for sharing data needed for the confirmation messages between the two requests, please? I'm not sure if it helps, it's a PHP application backed by a RESTful API, but I think that this is a language-agnostic question. A few simple solutions that come to mind are to share the data via cookies or in the session, this however breaks statelessness and would pose a significant problem for users who work in several tabs (the data could clash together). Passing the data as GET parameters is not suitable as we are talking about several messages which are dynamic (e.g. changing actors, dates). Thanks, M.

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  • How would I code a complex formula parser manually?

    - by StormianRootSolver
    Hm, this is language - agnostic, I would prefer doing it in C# or F#, but I'm more interested this time in the question "how would that work anyway". What I want to accomplish ist: a) I want to LEARN it - it's about my ego this time, it's for a fun project where I want to show myself that I'm a really good at this stuff b) I know a tiny little bit about EBNF (although I don't know yet, how operator precedence works in EBNF - Irony.NET does it right, I checked the examples, but this is a bit ominous to me) c) My parser should be able to take this: 5 * (3 + (2 - 9 * (5 / 7)) + 9) for example and give me the right results d) To be quite frankly, this seems to be the biggest problem in writing a compiler or even an interpreter for me. I would have no problem generating even 64 bit assembler code (I CAN write assembler manually), but the formula parser... e) Another thought: even simple computers (like my old Sharp 1246S with only about 2kB of RAM) can do that... it can't be THAT hard, right? And even very, very old programming languages have formula evaluation... BASIC is from 1964 and they already could calculate the kind of formula I presented as an example f) A few ideas, a few inspirations would be really enough - I just have no clue how to do operator precedence and the parentheses - I DO, however, know that it involves an AST and that many people use a stack So, what do you think?

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  • Program structure in long running data processing python script

    - by fmark
    For my current job I am writing some long-running (think hours to days) scripts that do CPU intensive data-processing. The program flow is very simple - it proceeds into the main loop, completes the main loop, saves output and terminates: The basic structure of my programs tends to be like so: <import statements> <constant declarations> <misc function declarations> def main(): for blah in blahs(): <lots of local variables> <lots of tightly coupled computation> for something in somethings(): <lots more local variables> <lots more computation> <etc., etc.> <save results> if __name__ == "__main__": main() This gets unmanageable quickly, so I want to refactor it into something more manageable. I want to make this more maintainable, without sacrificing execution speed. Each chuck of code relies on a large number of variables however, so refactoring parts of the computation out to functions would make parameters list grow out of hand very quickly. Should I put this sort of code into a python class, and change the local variables into class variables? It doesn't make a great deal of sense tp me conceptually to turn the program into a class, as the class would never be reused, and only one instance would ever be created per instance. What is the best practice structure for this kind of program? I am using python but the question is relatively language-agnostic, assuming a modern object-oriented language features.

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  • Server socket programming in Android 1.5, most power efficient way?

    - by Antek
    Hello people, I am doing a project where I have too develop an application that listens for incoming events by a service. The device that has to listen too events is an Android phone with Android SDK 1.5 on it. Currently the services that call events only implement communication trough UDP or TCP sockets. I can solve my problem by setting up a ServerSocket, but i doubt that's the most power efficient way. This application will be running most of the time, with Wi-Fi on, and I'd like too reach an long battery duration. I've been looking for options on the internet for my question for a while but i couldn't get a real answer. I've got the following questions: What is the most efficient way too listen to incoming events? Should I make an ServerSocket? or what are my options? Are there any other implementations that are more power efficient? Ive been also thinking of implementing communication trough XMPP. Not sure if this is the best way. I'm not forced too an specific implementation. All suggestions are welcome! Thanks for the help, Antek

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  • Tips on a tool to measure code quality?

    - by Cristi Diaconescu
    I'm looking for a tool that can provide code quality metrics. For instance it could report very long functions (spaghetti code) very complex classes (which could contain do-it-all code) ... While we're on the (subjective:-) subject of code quality, what other code metrics would you suggest? I'm targetting C#/.NET code, but I'm sure this could extend to most programming languages.

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  • pass by reference or pass by value?

    - by Sven
    When learning a new programming language, one of the possible roadblocks you might encounter is the question whether the language is, by default, pass-by-value or pass-by-reference So here is my question to all of you, in your favorite language, how is it actually done? and what are the possible pitfalls? your favorite language can, of course, be anything you have ever played with: popular, obscure, esoteric, new, old ...

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  • Need help programming with Mclauren series and Taylor series!

    - by user352258
    Ok so here's what i have so far: #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> //#define PI 3.14159 int factorial(int n){ if(n <= 1) return(1); else return(n * factorial(n-1)); } void McLaurin(float pi){ int factorial(int); float x = 42*pi/180; int i, val=0, sign; for(i=1, sign=-1; i<11; i+=2){ sign *= -1; // alternate sign of cos(0) which is 1 val += (sign*(pow(x, i)) / factorial(i)); } printf("\nMcLaurin of 42 = %d\n", val); } void Taylor(float pi){ int factorial(int); float x; int i; float val=0.00, sign; float a = pi/3; printf("Enter x in degrees:\n"); scanf("%f", &x); x=x*pi/180.0; printf("%f",x); for(i=0, sign=-1.0; i<2; i++){ if(i%2==1) sign *= -1.0; // alternate sign of cos(0) which is 1 printf("%f",sign); if(i%2==1) val += (sign*sin(a)*(pow(x-a, i)) / factorial(i)); else val += (sign*cos(a)*(pow(x-a, i)) / factorial(i)); printf("%d",factorial(i)); } printf("\nTaylor of sin(%g degrees) = %d\n", (x*180.0)/pi, val); } main(){ float pi=3.14159; void McLaurin(float); void Taylor(float); McLaurin(pi); Taylor(pi); } and here's the output: McLaurin of 42 = 0 Enter x in degrees: 42 0.733038-1.00000011.0000001 Taylor of sin(42 degrees) = -1073741824 I suspect the reason for these outrageous numbers goes with the fact that I mixed up my floats and ints? But i just cant figure it out...!! Maybe its a math thing, but its never been a strength of mine let alone program with calculus. Also the Mclaurin fails, how does it equal zero? WTF! Please help correct my noobish code. I am still a beginner...

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  • How to check with program in other programming-language (C,C++, etc) whether JAVA is installed and w

    - by Andreas Hornig
    Hi, I would like to know whether or not JAVA is installed and where (path). Perhaps it sounds strange, but my aim is to let BOINC (coded in C++) check the JAVA installation and then start my JAVA app. But therefore I need to know if BOINC can start JAVA natively, or if I have to also send the JRE and then start my app with this not installed JRE. So is there a way to check the installation first? thank you in advance! Andreas

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  • Programming test for ASP.NET C# developer job - Opinions please!

    - by Indy
    Hi all, We are hiring a .NET C# developer and I have developed a technical test for the candidates to complete. They have an hour and it has two parts, some knowledge based questions covering asp.net, C# and SQL and a small practical test. I'd appreciate feedback on the test, is it sufficient to test the programmers ability? What would you change if anything? Part One. What the are events fired as part of the ASP.NET Page lifecycle. What interesting things can you do at each? How does ViewState work and why is it either useful or bad? What is a common way to create web services in ASP.NET 2.0? What is the GAC? What is boxing? What is a delegate? The C# keyword .int. maps to which .NET type? Explain the difference between a Stored Procedure and a Trigger? What is an OUTER Join? What is @@IDENTITY? Part Two: You are provided with the Northwind Database and the attached DB relationship diagram. Please create a page which provides users with the following functionality. You don’t need to be too concerned with the presentation detail of the page. Select a customer from a list, and see all the orders placed by that customer. For the same customer, find all their orders which are Beverages and the quantity is more than 5. I was aware of setting the right balance of difficulty on this as there is an hour's test. I was able to complete the practical test in under 30 mins using SQLDatasource and the query designer in visual studio and the test questions, I am looking to see how they approach it logically and whether they use the tools available. Many thanks!

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  • Whitespace-Ingoring languages

    - by Sarc Asm
    People (here on SO) often talk about their dislike of languages which don't ignore whitespace. My question is: Which programming languages ignore whitespace? Examples: C++ co n st my Var with spaces = 1 23; - Error PHP $this willnot work = 456;

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  • Why are there so many Database Management Systems?

    - by mr.bio
    Why are there so many Database management systems? I am not an DB expert and I've never thought about using another Database other than mySQL. Programming languages offer different paradigms, so it makes sense to choose a specific language for your purpose. Question What are the factors in choosing a specific Database management system ?

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  • What programming language should I use to create small, native Windows Applications?

    - by Xinxua
    I want to develop an application that runs on any Windows platform (Windows XP, Vista, or Windows 7) but does not require a dependency like the .NET Framework or JVM. I have given the other requirements below: Runs in any windows platform Must have GUI libraries to create windows/primitive controls The output .exe should also be very small, which negates the use of the .NET Framework. Any suggestions for this requirement?

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  • Basis for claim that the number of bugs per line of code is constant regardless of the language used

    - by Matt R
    I've heard people say (although I can't recall who in particular) that the number of bugs per line of code is roughly constant regardless of what language is used. What is the research that backs this up? Edited to add: I don't have access to it, but apparently the authors of this paper "asked the question whether the number of bugs per lines of code (LOC) is the same for programs written in different programming languages or not."

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  • Literature and Tutorials for Writing a Ray Tracer

    - by grrussel
    I am interested in finding recommendations on books on writing a raytracer, simple and clear implementations of ray tracing that can be seen on the web, and online resources on introductory raytracing. Ideally, the approach would be incremental and tutorial in style, and explain both the programming techniques and underyling mathematics, starting from the basics.

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  • Is it bad programming style to have a single, maybe common, generic exception?

    - by m0s
    Hi, so in my program I have parts where I use try catch blocks like this try { DirectoryInfo dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(someString); //I don't know if that directory exists //I don't know if that string is valid path string... it could be anything //Some operations here } catch(Exception iDontCareWhyItFailed) { //Didn't work? great... we will say: somethings wrong, try again/next one } Of course I probably could do checks to see if the string is valid path (regex), then I would check if directory exists, then I could catch various exceptions to see why my routine failed and give more info... But in my program it's not really necessary. Now I just really need to know if this is acceptable, and what would a pro say/think about that. Thanks a lot for attention.

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