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• Scalability 101: How can I design a scalable web application using PHP?

  - by Legend

  I am building a web-application and have a couple of quick questions. From what I learnt, one should not worry about scalability when initially building the app and should only start worrying when the traffic increases. However, this being my first web-application, I am not quite sure if I should take an approach where I design things in an ad-hoc manner and later "fix" them. I have been reading stories about how people start off with an app that gets millions of users in a week or two. Not that I will face the same situation but I can't help but wonder, how do these people do it? Currently, I bought a shared hosting account on Lunarpages and that got me started in building and testing the application. However, I am interested in learning how to build the same application in a scalable-manner using the cloud, for instance, Amazon's EC2. From my understanding, I can see a couple of components: There is a load balancer that first receives requests and then decides where to route each request This request is then handled by a server replica that then processes the request and updates (if required) the database and sends back the response to the client If a similar request comes in, then a caching mechanism like memcached kicks into picture and returns objects from the cache A blackbox that handles database replication Specifically, I am trying to do the following: Setting up a load balancer (my homework revealed that HAProxy is one such load balancer) Setting up replication so that databases can be synchronized Using memcached Configuring Apache to work with multiple web servers Partitioning application to use Amazon EC2 and Amazon S3 (my application is something that will need great deal of storage) Finally, how can I avoid burning myself when using Amazon services? Because this is just a learning phase, I can probably do with 2-3 servers with a simple load balancer and replication but until I want to avoid paying loads of money accidentally. I am able to find resources on individual topics but am unable to find something that starts off from the big picture. Can someone please help me get started?

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• GridView ObjectDataSource LINQ Paging and Sorting using multiple table query.

  - by user367426

  I am trying to create a pageing and sorting object data source that before execution returns all results, then sorts on these results before filtering and then using the take and skip methods with the aim of retrieving just a subset of results from the database (saving on database traffic). this is based on the following article: http://www.singingeels.com/Blogs/Nullable/2008/03/26/Dynamic_LINQ_OrderBy_using_String_Names.aspx Now I have managed to get this working even creating lambda expressions to reflect the sort expression returned from the grid even finding out the data type to sort for DateTime and Decimal. public static string GetReturnType<TInput>(string value) { var param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(TInput), "o"); Expression a = Expression.Property(param, "DisplayPriceType"); Expression b = Expression.Property(a, "Name"); Expression converted = Expression.Convert(Expression.Property(param, value), typeof(object)); Expression<Func<TInput, object>> mySortExpression = Expression.Lambda<Func<TInput, object>>(converted, param); UnaryExpression member = (UnaryExpression)mySortExpression.Body; return member.Operand.Type.FullName; } Now the problem I have is that many of the Queries return joined tables and I would like to sort on fields from the other tables. So when executing a query you can create a function that will assign the properties from other tables to properties created in the partial class. public static Account InitAccount(Account account) { account.CurrencyName = account.Currency.Name; account.PriceTypeName = account.DisplayPriceType.Name; return account; } So my question is, is there a way to assign the value from the joined table to the property of the current table partial class? i have tried using. from a in dc.Accounts where a.CompanyID == companyID && a.Archived == null select new { PriceTypeName = a.DisplayPriceType.Name}) but this seems to mess up my SortExpression. Any help on this would be much appreciated, I do understand that this is complex stuff.

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• NHibernate / multiple sessions and nested objects

  - by bernhardrusch

  We are using NHibernate in a rich client application. It is a pretty open application (the user searches for a dataset or creates a new one, changes the data and saves the data set. We leave the session open, because sometimes we have to lazy load some properties of the object (nested object structure). This means one big problem if we leave the session open, the db (MySQL) closes the connection and we are not able to find this out and it throws an exception (socket communication error) when accessing the database (we are thinking about testing the db connection before accessing the object - but this is not really optimal neither, the other option would be to set back the timeout of the db connection , but this just doesn't seem to well). So - is it possible to reconnect the session to a new database connection ? Another problem is it possible to get an object from one session and then re-attach it to another session ? (I often hear that session.lock should work for this - but this doesn't work so well in our application - so I ended up getting a "fresh" object from the session and copy the data over manually - which is a little bit cumbersome) Any ideas for this ?

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• Need help/suggestions for creating fantasy sports scoring databases and queries

  - by MGumbel

  I'm trying to create a website for my friends and I to keep track of fantasy sports scoring. So far, I've been doing the calculations and storage in Excel, which is very tedious. I'm trying to make it more simplified and automated through a SQL database that I can then wrap a web app around to enter daily stat updates. It's premised on our participation in another commercial site where we trade virtual shares of athletes, and thus acquire an "ownership percentage" in each athlete. For instance, if there are 100 shares of AROD, and I own 10 shares, then I own 10%. It then applies this to traditional baseball rotisserie scoring. So, for instance, if AROD has 1 HR today, then his adjusted HR stat would be 1.10. If he also has 2 RBI's, then his adjusted RBI stat today would be 2.20, based on (2 x 1.10)(1 to normalize the stat, and the .10 to represent the ownership percentage). All the stats for my team would then be summed each day and added to my stat history to come to an aggregated total. After that, points are allocated based on the ranking of each participant in each category at the end of the day. E.g. if there are 10 participants, and I have the highest total aggregate number of Adjusted HR's, then I get 10 pts. The points are then summed across the different stat categories to come up with a total point ranking for that day. An added difficulty is that ownership %'s can change on a daily basis. So far, in playing around with different schema, I don't know that having a separate table for each athlete's stats and each player's ownership %'s is the wisest choice. It seems to me that simply having two tables, one that contains the daily stat information for each athlete, and another that shows the ownership % of each player. My friend suggested using a start and end date for each ownership % to represent the potential daily changes in this category. I'm admittedly new to database development, so any suggestions on query code would be appreciated.

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• My treeview Data is Not changing.

  - by Vibin Jith

  Hai , I am trying to display the user permission in a treeview.For each user permissions are stored in the database as xml file. In the page, a Combo box used to list the users and a treeView used to bind the Permission xml. When the user get selected in the combo box , i took the xml from the database and connect with xmlDatasource and bind with the treeView. What happening is , First time the TreeView fill with the xml nodes and another time it will not work. For the first selection it's ok. Anothers selections are not effected by the treeview. The code is debugging. No problem. Can you just tell ,why the treeview datasource is not updating. I used this code .. Dim permissionRoot = From permissionNode In MyUser.UserPermissionXml.Root.Elements("menuNode") XmlTreeViewSource.Data = permissionRoot(0).ToString trvPermission.DataSource = XmlTreeViewSource trvPermission.DataBind() SetPermission(trvPermission.Nodes(0)) The markups <asp:TreeView ID="trvPermission" runat="server" ExpandDepth="2" ShowCheckBoxes="All" ShowLines="True" ForeColor="#005782" > <DataBindings> <asp:TreeNodeBinding DataMember="menuNode" TextField="title" ValueField="value" /> </DataBindings> </asp:TreeView>

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• Forms authentication: how do you store username password in web.config?

  - by Nick G

  I'm used to using Forms Authentication with a database, but I'm writing a little internal utility and the app doesn't have a database so I want to store the username and password in web.config. However for some reason, forms authentication is still trying to access SQL Server and I can't see how to stop it doing this and pick up the credentials from web.config. What am I doing wrong? I just get the error "Failed to generate a user instance of SQL Server due to a failure in impersonating the client. The connection will be closed." Here are the relevant sections of my web.config: <configuration> <system.web> <authentication mode="Forms"> <forms loginUrl="~/Login.aspx" timeout="60" name=".LoginCookie" path="/" > <credentials passwordFormat="Clear"> <user name="user1" password="[pass]" /> <user name="user2" password="[pass]" /> </credentials> </forms> </authentication> <authorization> <deny users="?" /> </authorization> </system.web> </configuration>

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• JPA returning null for deleted items from a set

  - by Jon

  This may be related to my question from a few days ago, but I'm not even sure how to explain this part. (It's an entirely different parent-child relationship.) In my interface, I have a set of attributes (Attribute) and valid values (ValidValue) for each one in a one-to-many relationship. In the Spring MVC frontend, I have a page for an administrator to edit these values. Once it's submitted, if any of these fields (as <input> tags) are blank, I remove the ValidValue object like so: Set<ValidValue> existingValues = new HashSet<ValidValue>(attribute.getValidValues()); Set<ValidValue> finalValues = new HashSet<ValidValue>(); for(ValidValue validValue : attribute.getValidValues()) { if(!validValue.getValue().isEmpty()) { finalValues.add(validValue); } } existingValues.removeAll(finalValues); for(ValidValue removedValue : existingValues) { getApplicationDataService().removeValidValue(removedValue); } attribute.setValidValues(finalValues); getApplicationDataService().modifyAttribute(attribute); The problem is that while the database is updated appropriately, the next time I query for the Attribute objects, they're returned with an extra entry in their ValidValue set -- a null, and thus, the next time I iterate through the values to display, it shows an extra blank value in the middle. I've confirmed that this happens at the point of a merge or find, at the point of "Execute query ReadObjectQuery(entity.Attribute). Here's the code I'm using to modify the database (in the ApplicationDataService): public void modifyAttribute(Attribute attribute) { getJpaTemplate().merge(attribute); } public void removeValidValue(ValidValue removedValue) { ValidValue merged = getJpaTemplate().merge(removedValue); getJpaTemplate().remove(merged); } Here are the relevant parts of the entity classes: Entity @Table(name = "attribute") public class Attribute { @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "attribute") private Set<ValidValue> validValues = new HashSet<ValidValue>(0); } @Entity @Table(name = "valid_value") public class ValidValue { @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "attr_id", nullable = false) private Attribute attribute; }

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• Using block around a static/singleton resource reference

  - by byte

  This is interesting (to me anyway), and I'd like to see if anyone has a good answer and explanation for this behavior. Say you have a singleton database object (or static database object), and you have it stored in a class Foo. public class Foo { public static SqlConnection DBConn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["BAR"].ConnectionString); } Then, lets say that you are cognizant of the usefulness of calling and disposing your connection (pretend for this example that its a one-time use for purposes of illustration). So you decide to use a 'using' block to take care of the Dispose() call. using (SqlConnection conn = Foo.DBConn) { conn.Open(); using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand()) { cmd.Connection = conn; cmd.CommandType = System.Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.CommandText = "SP_YOUR_PROC"; cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } conn.Close(); } This fails, with an error stating that the "ConnectionString property is not initialized". It's not an issue with pulling the connection string from the app.config/web.config. When you investigate in a debug session you see that Foo.DBConn is not null, but contains empty properties. Why is this?

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• [php] Firefox refreshes page 1, even after redirection to page 2

  - by Znarkus

  Hi! This is a quite weird and annoying problem, which is reproduced with the script below. Say we have two pages: script.php and script.php?second. Page 1 creates some database entries and redirects to page 2. On page 2, the user is presented with an editor for said entries. If page 1 for some reason crashes on the first try, and prints some error message, a strange thing will happend. If we refresh page 1 (and this time it redirects fine), every consecutive refresh (of page 2) will actually refresh page 1 and again redirect to page 2. In the above example this would create new database entries for every refresh, which is the problem I want to circumvent by redirecting to page 2. <?php header('Content-type: text/plain'); session_start(); if (!isset($_GET['second'])) { $_SESSION['counter'] = isset($_SESSION['counter']) ? $_SESSION['counter'] + 1 : 1; /*$_SESSION['counter'] = 0; exit('asd');*/ header("Location: {$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']}?second", true, 303); exit; } echo "Counter: {$_SESSION['counter']}"; To try the above complete script, first run it with the commented code intact, then by enabling the commented code. I've tried 301, 302 and 303 redirections. Does someone know why this is happening?

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• SQL Server 2008 Stored Proc suddenly returns -1

  - by aaginor

  I use the following stored procedure from my SQL Server 2008 database to return a value to my C#-Program ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[getArticleBelongsToCatsCount] @id int AS BEGIN SET NOCOUNT ON; DECLARE @result int; set @result = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM art_in_cat WHERE child_id = @id); return @result; END I use a SQLCommand-Object to call this Stored Procedure public int ExecuteNonQuery() { try { return _command.ExecuteNonQuery(); } catch (Exception e) { Logger.instance.ErrorRoutine(e, "Text: " + _command.CommandText); return -1; } } Till recently, everything works fine. All of a sudden, the stored procedure returned -1. At first, I suspected, that the ExecuteNonQuery-Command would have caused and Exception, but when stepping through the function, it shows that no Exception is thrown and the return value comes directly from return _command.ExecuteNonQuery(); I checked following parameters and they were as expected: - Connection object was set to the correct database with correct access values - the parameter for the SP was there and contained the right type, direction and value Then I checked the SP via SQLManager, I used the same value for the parameter like the one for which my C# brings -1 as result (btw. I checked some more parameter values in my C' program and they ALL returned -1) but in the manager, the SP returns the correct value. It looks like the call from my C# prog is somehow bugged, but as I don't get any error (it's just the -1 from the SP), I have no idea, where to look for a solution.

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• How To Correctly Specify A Default Value For A String Field In A PHP/MySQL Prepared Statement

  - by Joshua

  I'm trying to debug some auto-generated code, but I am a mySQL noob. Everything goes fine ultil the "prepare" line below, and then for some reason $mysqli_stmt is false, yielding the stated error. Could it have something to do with the SQL_MODE = 'ANSI'? The failure seems to have something to do with the string 'xxx' below, but it still happens no matter what I change it to. This value is meant to be a default value for the TickerDigest field, but strangely if I change 'xxx' to 'c_u_TickerDigest', then it suddenly works, but the TickerDigest field is inserted as 'null' when I look in the database. $mysqli = mysqli_init(); $mysqli->options(MYSQLI_INIT_COMMAND, "SET SQL_MODE = 'ANSI'"); $mysqli->real_connect(SR_Host,SR_Username,SR_Password,SR_Database) or die('Unable to connect to Database'); $sql_stmt = 'INSERT INTO "t_sr_u_Product"("c_u_Name", "c_u_Code", "c_u_TickerDigest") VALUES (?, ?, "xxx")'; $mysqli_stmt = $mysqli->prepare($sql_stmt); Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'Exception' with message 'INSERT INTO "t_sr_u_Product"("c_u_Name", "c_u_Code", "c_u_TickerDigest") VALUES (?, ?, "xxx"): prepare statement failed: Unknown column 'xxx' in 'field list'' in P:\StarRise\SandBox\GateKeeper\Rise\srIProduct.php on line 18 I'm hopeful what's going wrong is fairly simple, since I'm almost completely ignorant about SQL.

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• Enterprise integration of disparate systems

  - by Chris Latta

  We're about to embark on a fairly large integration effort to kill off a bunch of Access and Sql Server databases and get everything into one coherent enterprise system. There are also a number of other systems (accounting, CRM, payroll, MS Exchange) that hold critical data that we need to integrate (use for data validation in other systems), report on and otherwise expose. It is likely that some of these systems will change in the next few years, so we need to isolate our systems to be ready for change. Ideally we would be able to expose our forms in a consistent manner across as many of our our systems as possible without having to re-develop them for each system. We are currently targeting SharePoint (2007 and soon 2010), Office (2007 and soon 2010 - Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook), Reporting Services, .Net console applications, .Net Windows applications, shell extensions, and with the possibility of exposing some functionality on mobile devices (BlackBerries currently, maybe iPhones later) and via our website. We're moving development to Visual Studio 2010 (from 2005) ahead of migrating to SharePoint 2010 and Office 2010. Given that most of our development is presently targeted to the .Net framework (mostly in C#) it seems logical to stick with this unless there is some compelling reason to switch frameworks/platform for some aspects. We're thinking of your standard Database-Data Integration layer-Business Objects Layer-Web Services (or REST) layer-Client Application plus doing our own client application with WPF (or something else?) forms that can also be exposed in the MS systems (SharePoint, Office, Windows). So, we don't want much, just everything :) Basically we need to isolate ourselves from database and systems changes, create an API that can be used throughout our systems and then make this functionality available in our client applications. I'm very keen to get pointers from anyone who has tips on how to pull this off. Should we look at the Enterprise Library as a place to start? Is REST with ASP.Net MVC2 a better solution than Web Services for a system like this? Will WPF deliver forms re-use or is there something better?

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• SQL Server 2008 - Full Text Query

  - by user208662

  Hello, I have two tables in a SQL Server 2008 database in my company. The first table represents the products that my company sells. The second table contains the product manufacturer’s details. These tables are defined as follows: Product ------- ID Name ManufacturerID Description Manufacturer ------------ ID Name As you can imagine, I want to make this as easy as possible for our customers to query this data. However, I’m having problems writing a forgiving, yet powerful search query. For instance, I’m anticipating people to search based on phonetical spellings. Because of this, the data may not match the exact data in my database. In addition, I think some individuals will search by manufacturer’s name first, but I want the matching product names to appear first. Based on these requirements, I’m currently working on the following query: select p.Name as 'ProductName', m.Name as 'Manufacturer', r.Rank as 'Rank' from Product p inner join Manufacturer m on p.ManufacturerID=m.ID inner join CONTAINSTABLE(Product, Name, @searchQuery) as r Oddly, this query is throwing an error. However, I have no idea why. Squiggles appear to the right of the last parenthesis in management studio. The tool tip says "An expression of non-boolean type specified in a context where a condition is expected". I understand what this statement means. However, I guess I do not know how COntainsTable works. What am I doing wrong? Thank you

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• hibernate: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException

  - by user121196

  when saving an object to database using hibernate, sometimes it fails because certain fields of the object exceed the maximum varchar length defined in the database. There force I am using the following approach: 1. attempt to save 2. if getting an DataException, then I truncate the fields in the object to the max length specified in the db definition, then try to save again. However, in the second save after truncation. I'm getting the following exception: hibernate: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails here's the relevant code, what's wrong? public static void saveLenientObject(Object obj){ try { save2(rec); } catch (org.hibernate.exception.DataException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); saveLenientObject(rec, e); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } private static void saveLenientObject(Object rec, DataException e) { Util.truncateObject(rec); System.out.println("after truncation "); save2(rec); } public static void save2(Object obj) throws Exception{ try{ beginTransaction(); getSession().save(obj); commitTransaction(); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); rollbackTransaction(); //closeSession(); throw e; }finally{ closeSession(); } }

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• FileConnection Blackberry memory usage

  - by Dean

  Hello, I'm writing a blackberry application that reads ints and strings out of a database. This is my first time dealing with reading/writing on the blackberry, so forgive me if this is a dumb question. The database file I'm reading is only about 4kB I open the file with the following code fconn = (FileConnection) Connector.open("file_path_here", Connector.READ); if(fconn.exists()==false){fconn.close();return;} is = fconn.openDataInputStream(); while(!eof){ //etc... } is.close(); fconn.close(); The problem is, this code appears to be eating a LOT of memory. Using breakpoints and the "Memory Statistics" view, I determined the following: calling "Connector.open" creates 71 objects and changes "RAM Bytes in use" by 5376 calling "fconn.openDataInputStream();" increases RAM usage by a whopping 75920 Is this normal? Or am I doing something wrong? And how can I fix this? 75MB of RAM is a LOT of memory to waste on a handheld device, especially when the file I'm reading is only 4kB and I haven't even begun reading any data! How is this even possible?

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• Slow T-SQL query, convert to LINQ to Object

  - by yimbot

  I have a T-SQL query which populates a DataSet from an MSSQL database. string qry = "SELECT * FROM EvnLog AS E WHERE TimeDate = (SELECT MAX(TimeDate) From EvnLog WHERE Code = E.Code) AND (Event = 8) AND (TimeDate BETWEEN '" + Start + "' AND '" + Finish + "')" The database is quite large and being the type of nested query it is, the Data Adapter can take a number of minutes to fill the DataSet. I have extended the DataAdapter's timeout value to 480 seconds to combat it, but the client still complains about slow performance and occassional timeouts. To combat this, I was considering executing a simpler query (ie. just taking the date range) and then populating a Generic List which I could then execute a Linq query against. The simple query executes very quickly which is great. However, I cannot seem to build a Linq query which generates the same results as the T-SQL query above. Is this the best solution to this problem? Can anyone provide tips on rewriting the above T-SQL into Linq? I have also considered using a DataView, but cannot seem to get the results from that either.

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• Looking for Simplified Overview of EJB3

  - by sdoca

  Hi I'm looking for a simplified overview of EJB3 components. I seem to understand most of the pieces of the puzzle, but can't quite get them to fit together in my brain as a full picture. I've developed numerous web applications (wars) that have been deployed on Tomcat before, but not a full-fledged EE application (ear). I would like the overview to be as generic as possible. I'm not looking for a tutorial on how to set up EJB3 on Glassfish built in NetBeans or some other vendor specific tutorial that's more about the IDE than the technology. I keep reading about Java, ejb-jar, web and ear modules but am not clear on what these different modules contain and how to use them to put together my app. In my case, I want to write a simple database CRUD web application. The first step is simple; create entity classes that model the database tables my app will be using. I plan on using annotations. Should I create a jar that contains just these enity classes? Is this the ejb-jar module (sometimes referred to as the Java module)? Next, I'll need some business logic classes that make use of the entity classes. These are the session beans (stateless or stateful) correct? Should these be packaged in the same jar as the entity classes or a separate jar? Finally, I'll need some sort of web interface (I'll be creating a JSF portlet) application that makes use of the both the session and entity beans. Together with the above jar(s), this will be my war? Assuming the above to be correct, what is involved in creating an ear? Forgive me if this post is vague, but I'm having a hard time defining what it is I don't understand. Thanks for any help!

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• transaction handling in dataset based insert/update in c#

  - by user3703611

  I am trying to insert bulk records in a sql server database table using dataset. But i am unable to do transaction handling. Please help me to apply transaction handling in below code. I am using adapter.UpdateCommand.Transaction = trans; but this line give me an error of Object reference not set to an instance of an object. Code: string ConnectionString = "server=localhost\\sqlexpress;database=WindowsApp;Integrated Security=SSPI;"; SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(ConnectionString); conn.Open(); SqlTransaction trans = conn.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.Serializable); SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Test ORDER BY Id", conn); SqlCommandBuilder builder = new SqlCommandBuilder(adapter); adapter.UpdateCommand.Transaction = trans; // Create a dataset object DataSet ds = new DataSet("TestSet"); adapter.Fill(ds, "Test"); // Create a data table object and add a new row DataTable TestTable = ds.Tables["Test"]; for (int i=1;i<=50;i++) { DataRow row = TestTable.NewRow(); row["Id"] = i; TestTable .Rows.Add(row); } // Update data adapter adapter.Update(ds, "Test"); trans.Commit(); conn.Close();

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• LINQ to SQL - Insert yielding strange behavior.

  - by Isaac

  Hi, I'm trying to insert several newly created items to the database. I have a LINQ2SQL generated class called "Order". Inside order, there's a property called "OrderItems" which is also generated by LINQ2SQL and represents the Items of that Order. So far so good. The problem I'm having right now, is when I try to add more than one newly created OrderItem inside Order. I.E: Order o = orderWorker.GetById( 10 ); for( int i=0; i < 5; ++i ) { OrderItem oi =new OrderItem { Order = order, Price = 100, ShippingPrice = 100, ShippingMethod = ... }; o.OrderItems.Add( oi ); } context.SubmitChanges(); Unfortunately, only a single entity is being added. Yes, I checked the generated SQL by adding Context.Log = Console.Out, and yes, only one statement was created. Any clues? By the way I know I'm not using InsertOnSubmit, by the documentation says: You can explicitly request Inserts by using InsertOnSubmit. Alternatively, LINQ to SQL can infer Inserts by finding objects connected to one of the known objects that must be updated. For example, if you add an Untracked object to an EntitySet(TEntity) or set an EntityRef(TEntity) to an Untracked object, you make the Untracked object reachable by way of tracked objects in the graph. While processing SubmitChanges, LINQ to SQL traverses the tracked objects and discovers any reachable persistent objects that are not tracked. Such objects are candidates for insertion into the database. Thank you very much for your time.

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• How to Store and Retrieve Images Using SQL Server (Server Management Studio)

  - by Joe Majewski

  I am having difficulties when trying to insert files into a SQL Server database. I'll try to break this down as best as I can: What data type should I be using to store image files (jpeg/png/gif/etc)? Right now my table is using the image data type, but I am curious if varbinary would be a better option. How would I go about inserting the image into the database? Does Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio have any built in functions that allow insertions of files into tables? If so, how is that done? Also, how could this be done through the use of an HTML form with PHP handling the input data and placing it into the table? How would I fetch the image from the table and display it on the page? I understand how to SELECT the cell's contents, but how would I go about translating that into a picture. Would I have to have a header(Content type: image/jpeg)? I have no problem doing any of these things with MySQL, but the SQL Server environment is still new to me, and I am working on a project for my job that requires the use of stored procedures to grab various data. Any and all help is appreciated.

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• @dynamic property needs setter with multiple behaviors

  - by ambertch

  I have a class that contains multiple user objects and as such has an array of them as an instance variable: NSMutableArray *users; The tricky part is setting it. I am deserializing these objects from a server via Objective Resource, and for backend reasons users can only be returned as a long string of UIDs - what I have locally is a separate dictionary of users keyed to UIDs. Given the string uidString of comma separated UIDs I override the default setter and populate the actual user objects: @dynamic users; - (void)setUsers:(id)uidString { users = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray: [[User allUsersDictionary] objectsForKeys:[(NSString*)uidString componentsSeparatedByString:@","]]]; } The problem is this: I now serialize these to database using SQLitePO, which stores these as the array of user objects, not the original string. So when I retrieve it from database the setter mistakenly treats this array of user objects as a string! Where I actually want to adjust the setter's behavior when it gets this object from DB vs. over the network. I can't just make the getter serialize back into a string without tearing up large code that reference this array of user objects, and I tried to detect in the setter whether I have a string or an array coming in: if ([uidString respondsToSelector:@selector(addObject)]) { // Already an array, so don't do anything - just assign users = uidString but no success... so I'm kind of stuck - any suggestions? Thanks in advance!

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• ExecuteNonQuery: Connection property has not been initialized

  - by 20151012

  I get an error in my code: The error point at dbcom.ExecuteNonQuery();. Code(connection) public admin_addemp() { InitializeComponent(); con = new OleDbConnection(@"Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=|DataDirectory|\EMPS.accdb;Persist Security Info=True"); con.Open(); ds.Tables.Add(dt); ds.Tables.Add(dt2); } Code (Save button) private void save_btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { OleDbCommand check = new OleDbCommand(); check.Connection = con; check.CommandText = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employeeDB WHERE ([EmployeeName]=?)"; check.Parameters.AddWithValue("@EmployeeName", tb_name.Text); if (Convert.ToInt32(check.ExecuteScalar()) == 0) { dbcom2 = new OleDbCommand("SELECT EmployeeID FROM employeeDB WHERE EmployeeID='" + tb_id.Text + "'", con); OleDbParameter param = new OleDbParameter(); param.ParameterName = tb_id.Text; dbcom.Parameters.Add(param); OleDbDataReader read = dbcom2.ExecuteReader(); if (read.HasRows) { MessageBox.Show("The Employee ID '" + tb_id.Text + "' already exist. Please choose another Employee ID."); read.Dispose(); read.Close(); } else { string q = "INSERT INTO employeeDB (EmployeeID, EmployeeName, IC, Address, State, " + " Postcode, DateHired, Phone, ManagerName) VALUES ('" + tb_id.Text + "', " + " '" + tb_name.Text + "', '" + tb_ic.Text + "', '" + tb_add1.Text + "', '" + cb_state.Text + "', " + " '" + tb_postcode.Text + "', '" + dateTimePicker1.Value + "', '" + tb_hp.Text + "', '" + cb_manager.Text + "')"; dbcom = new OleDbCommand(q, con); dbcom.ExecuteNonQuery(); MessageBox.Show("New Employee '" + tb_name.Text + "'- Successfuly Added."); } } else { MessageBox.Show("Employee name '" + tb_name.Text + "' already added into the database"); } ds.Dispose(); } I'm using Microsoft Access 2010 as my database and this is stand alone system. Please help me.

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• What are the Limitations for Connecting to an Access Query in Excel

  - by thornomad

  I have an Access 2007 database that has a number of tables, some are fairly large (100,000+ records); I have created a union query to pull some of the same types of data from multiple tables into one large query for pivot table manipulation and reporting. For example: SELECT Language FROM Table1 UNION ALL SELECT Language FROM Table2 UNION ALL SELECT Language FROM Table3; This works. I found, quickly, however, that a union query will not show up when connecting to the datasource from Excel 2007. So, I created a second query to reference the union query. Like so: SELECT * FROM [The Above Union Query]; This query works and it, initially, was accessible from Excel. Time passed, I've added more data. Suddenly, when I connect to my Access database from Excel my query referencing the union has disappeared. MS Access shows no signs of an issue (data displays in Access) and my other non-union queries are showing up in Excel 2007 ... but not the one that references the union. What could be going on? Why did it disappear? I noticed if I switch some of the referenced tables in the union query to a smaller table (with less rows) all of sudden the query appears in Excel again. At least, I think that's what the difference is. I really can't put my finger on why some of the union queries won't show up and some will. Am stumped and need some guidance. Thanks.

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• Looking for MSSQL Table Design Sanity Check for Profile Tables with Dynamic Columns.

  - by Code Sherpa

  I just want a general sanity check regarding database design. We are building a web system that has both Teachers and Students. Both have accounts in the system. Both have profiles in the system. My question is about the table design of those Profile tables. The Teacher profile is pretty static regarding the metadata associated with it. Each teacher has a set number of fields that exposes information about that individual (schools, degrees, etc). The students, however, are a different case. We are using a windows service to pull varying data about the students from an endless stream of excel spreadsheets. The data gets moved into our database and then the fields appear in association with the student's profile. Accordingly, each and every student may have very different fields in their profile. I originally started with the concept of three tables: Accounts ---------- AccountID TeacherProfiles ---------- TeacherProfileID AccountID SecondarySchool University YearsTeaching Etc... StudentProfiles ---------- StudentProfileID AccountID Header Value The StudentProfiles table would hold the name of the column headers from the excel spreadsheets and the associated values. I have since evolved the design a little to treat Profiles more generically per the attached ERD image. The Teacher and Student "Headers" are stored in a table called "ProfileAttributeTypes" and responses (either from the excel document or via input fields on the web form) are put in a ProfileAttributes table. This way both Student and Teacher profiles can be associated with a dynamic flow of profile fields. The "Permissions" table tells us whether we are dealing with a Student or a Teacher. Since this system is likely to grow quickly, I want to make sure the foundation is solid. Can you please provide feedback about this design and let me know if it seems sound or if you could see problems it might create and, if so, what might be a better approach? Thanks in advance.

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• Can a T-SQL variable represent an entire row?

  - by elbillaf

  I'm coding for MS SQL Server 10. I have two databases that contain dozens of tables. Each table in one database contains a table with the same name in the other database. Tables with the same name have identical format (fields and data types). The contents of the two tables are similar but not identical. I need to update one based on changes made to the other, but only under certain circumstances. I think I want to use a cursor for this, but I can't find a good example to go by. So far, the MSDN examples are reading one field at a time into a variable. I do need to be able to read /modify two fields which are identical in each table, but I gotta believe there's something less tedious than declaring variables for every field of every table. I would like to be able to FETCH an entire row, check a couple of fields and then make a decision of whether I want to write the entire row to the other table after changing two fields - but do I have to declare variables for EVERY field I want to fetch / write? There's no way to just FETCH an entire row and write an entire row?

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