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• LaTex: why partially showing up references?

  - by HH

  The bib.style part may be the problem. If I do not reference to references, do they show up? I have listed all errors below, the file compiles so I don't know whether they are related to partially-showing-up-references. For example, work with many authors gets only one author listed. I want to see references fully, not partially. Headers $ grep bib header.tex \usepackage{natbib} \bibliographystyle{abbrvnat} Errors $ grep -n -A 7 -B 7 Error *.log combined.log-505-! Illegal unit of measure (pt inserted). combined.log-506-<to be read again> combined.log-507- \futurelet combined.log-508-l.353 \hline combined.log-509- combined.log-510-? combined.log-511- combined.log:512:! Package caption Error: cite undefined. combined.log-513- combined.log-514-See the caption package documentation for explanation. combined.log-515-Type H <return> for immediate help. combined.log-516- ... combined.log-517- combined.log-518-l.374 ...n={CPU O(mlog(n))}, cite={topcoder:node}] combined.log-519- -- combined.log-559- [] combined.log-560- combined.log-561-) [10] combined.log-562-\openout2 = `references.aux'. combined.log-563- combined.log-564- (./references.tex combined.log-565- combined.log:566:! LaTeX Error: \include cannot be nested. combined.log-567- combined.log-568-See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation. combined.log-569-Type H <return> for immediate help. combined.log-570- ... combined.log-571- combined.log-572-l.1 \include{timeUse.tex} Bibs.bib @misc{ Gundersen, author = "G. Gundersen", title = "Data Structures in Java for Matrix Computations", year = "2002" } @book{ Lennart, author = "R. Lennart", title = "Mathematics Handbook for Science and Engineering BETA", year = "2004" }

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• Efficient alternative to merge() when building dataframe from json files with R?

  - by Bryan

  I have written the following code which works, but is painfully slow once I start executing it over thousands of records: require("RJSONIO") people_data <- data.frame(person_id=numeric(0)) json_data <- fromJSON(json_file) n_people <- length(json_data) for(lender in 1:n_people) { person_dataframe <- as.data.frame(t(unlist(json_data[[person]]))) people_data <- merge(people_data, person_dataframe, all=TRUE) } output_file <- paste("people_data",".csv") write.csv(people_data, file=output_file) I am attempting to build a unified data table from a series of json-formated files. The fromJSON() function reads in the data as lists of lists. Each element of the list is a person, which then contains a list of the attributes for that person. For example: [[1]] person_id name gender hair_color [[2]] person_id name location gender height [[...]] structure(list(person_id = "Amy123", name = "Amy", gender = "F", hair_color = "brown"), .Names = c("person_id", "name", "gender", "hair_color")) structure(list(person_id = "matt53", name = "Matt", location = structure(c(47231, "IN"), .Names = c("zip_code", "state")), gender = "M", height = 172), .Names = c("person_id", "name", "location", "gender", "height")) The end result of the code above is matrix where the columns are every person-attribute that appears in the structure above, and the rows are the relevant values for each person. As you can see though, some data is missing for some of the people, so I need to ensure those show up as NA and make sure things end up in the right columns. Further, location itself is a vector with two components: state and zip_code, meaning it needs to be flattened to location.state and location.zip_code before it can be merged with another person record; this is what I use unlist() for. I then keep the running master table in people_data. The above code works, but do you know of a more efficient way to accomplish what I'm trying to do? It appears the merge() is slowing this to a crawl... I have hundreds of files with hundreds of people in each file. Thanks! Bryan

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• R + Bioconductor : combining probesets in an ExpressionSet

  - by Mike Dewar

  Hi, First off, this may be the wrong Forum for this question, as it's pretty darn R+Bioconductor specific. Here's what I have: library('GEOquery') GDS = getGEO('GDS785') cd4T = GDS2eSet(GDS) cd4T <- cd4T[!fData(cd4T)$symbol == "",] Now cd4T is an ExpressionSet object which wraps a big matrix with 19794 rows (probesets) and 15 columns (samples). The final line gets rid of all probesets that do not have corresponding gene symbols. Now the trouble is that most genes in this set are assigned to more than one probeset. You can see this by doing gene_symbols = factor(fData(cd4T)$Gene.symbol) length(gene_symbols)-length(levels(gene_symbols)) [1] 6897 So only 6897 of my 19794 probesets have unique probeset - gene mappings. I'd like to somehow combine the expression levels of each probeset associated with each gene. I don't care much about the actual probe id for each probe. I'd like very much to end up with an ExpressionSet containing the merged information as all of my downstream analysis is designed to work with this class. I think I can write some code that will do this by hand, and make a new expression set from scratch. However, I'm assuming this can't be a new problem and that code exists to do it, using a statistically sound method to combine the gene expression levels. I'm guessing there's a proper name for this also but my googles aren't showing up much of use. Can anyone help?

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• Function within function in R

  - by frespider

  Can you please explain to me why th code complain saying that Samdat is not found? I am trying to switch between the models as you can see, so i declared a functions that contains these specific models and I just need to call these function as one of the argument in the get.f function where the resampling will change the structure for each design matrix in the model. the code complain the Samdat is not found when it is found. Also, is there a way I can make the condition statement as if(Model == M1()) instead I have to create another argument M to set if(M==1) Can you explain please? dat <- cbind(Y=rnorm(20),rnorm(20),runif(20),rexp(20),rnorm(20),runif(20), rexp(20),rnorm(20),runif(20),rexp(20)) nam <- paste("v",1:9,sep="") colnames(dat) <- c("Y",nam) M1 <- function(){ a1 = cbind(Samdat[,c(2:5,7,9)]) b1 = cbind(Samdat[,c(2:4,6,8,7)]) c1 = b1+a1 list(a1=a1,b1=b1,c1=c1)} M2 <- function(){ a1= cbind(Samdat[,c(2:5,7,9)])+2 b1= cbind(Samdat[,c(2:4,6,8,7)])+2 c1 = a1+b1 list(a1=a1,b1=b1,c1=c1)} M3 <- function(){ a1= cbind(Samdat[,c(2:5,7,9)])+8 b1= cbind(Samdat[,c(2:4,6,8,7)])+8 c1 = a1+b1 list(a1=a1,b1=b1,c1=c1)} ################################################################# get.f <- function(asim,Model,M){ sse <-c() for(i in 1:asim){ set.seed(i) Samdat <- dat[sample(1:nrow(dat),nrow(dat),replace=T),] Y <- Samdat[,1] if(M==1){ a2 <- Model$a1 b2 <- Model$b1 c2 <- Model$c1 s<- a2+b2+c2 fit <- lm(Y~s) cof <- sum(summary(fit)$coef[,1]) coff <-Model$cof sse <-c(sse,coff) } else if(M==2){ a2 <- Model$a1 b2 <- Model$b1 c2 <- Model$c1 s<- c2+12 fit <- lm(Y~s) cof <- sum(summary(fit)$coef[,1]) coff <-Model$cof sse <-c(sse,coff) } else { a2 <- Model$a1 b2 <- Model$b1 c2 <- Model$c1 s<- c2+a2 fit <- lm(Y~s) cof <- sum(summary(fit)$coef[,1]) coff <- Model$cof sse <-c(sse,coff) } } return(sse) } get.f(10,Model=M1(),M=1) get.f(10,Model=M2(),M=2) get.f(10,Model=M3(),M=3)

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• Converting python collaborative filtering code to use Map Reduce

  - by Neil Kodner

  Using Python, I'm computing cosine similarity across items. given event data that represents a purchase (user,item), I have a list of all items 'bought' by my users. Given this input data (user,item) X,1 X,2 Y,1 Y,2 Z,2 Z,3 I build a python dictionary {1: ['X','Y'], 2 : ['X','Y','Z'], 3 : ['Z']} From that dictionary, I generate a bought/not bought matrix, also another dictionary(bnb). {1 : [1,1,0], 2 : [1,1,1], 3 : [0,0,1]} From there, I'm computing similarity between (1,2) by calculating cosine between (1,1,0) and (1,1,1), yielding 0.816496 I'm doing this by: items=[1,2,3] for item in items: for sub in items: if sub >= item: #as to not calculate similarity on the inverse sim = coSim( bnb[item], bnb[sub] ) I think the brute force approach is killing me and it only runs slower as the data gets larger. Using my trusty laptop, this calculation runs for hours when dealing with 8500 users and 3500 items. I'm trying to compute similarity for all items in my dict and it's taking longer than I'd like it to. I think this is a good candidate for MapReduce but I'm having trouble 'thinking' in terms of key/value pairs. Alternatively, is the issue with my approach and not necessarily a candidate for Map Reduce?

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• Create a unique ID by fuzzy matching of names (via agrep using R)

  - by tbrambor

  Using R, I am trying match on people's names in a dataset structured by year and city. Due to some spelling mistakes, exact matching is not possible, so I am trying to use agrep() to fuzzy match names. A sample chunk of the dataset is structured as follows: df <- data.frame(matrix( c("1200013","1200013","1200013","1200013","1200013","1200013","1200013","1200013", "1996","1996","1996","1996","2000","2000","2004","2004","AGUSTINHO FORTUNATO FILHO","ANTONIO PEREIRA NETO","FERNANDO JOSE DA COSTA","PAULO CEZAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO","PAULO CESAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO","SEBASTIAO BOCALOM RODRIGUES","JOAO DE ALMEIDA","PAULO CESAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO"), ncol=3,dimnames=list(seq(1:8),c("citycode","year","candidate")) )) The neat version: citycode year candidate 1 1200013 1996 AGUSTINHO FORTUNATO FILHO 2 1200013 1996 ANTONIO PEREIRA NETO 3 1200013 1996 FERNANDO JOSE DA COSTA 4 1200013 1996 PAULO CEZAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO 5 1200013 2000 PAULO CESAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO 6 1200013 2000 SEBASTIAO BOCALOM RODRIGUES 7 1200013 2004 JOAO DE ALMEIDA 8 1200013 2004 PAULO CESAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO I'd like to check in each city separately, whether there are candidates appearing in several years. E.g. in the example, PAULO CEZAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO PAULO CESAR FERREIRA DE ARAUJO appears twice (with a spelling mistake). Each candidate across the entire data set should be assigned a unique numeric candidate ID. The dataset is fairly large (5500 cities, approx. 100K entries) so a somewhat efficient coding would be helpful. Any suggestions as to how to implement this?

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• vtk glyphs 3D, indenpently color and rotation

  - by user3684219

  I try to display thanks to vtk (python wrapper) several glyphs in a scene with each their own colour and rotation. Unfortunately, just the rotation (using vtkTensorGlyph) is taken in consideration by vtk. Reversely, just color is taken in consideration when I use a vtkGlyph3D. Here is a ready to use piece of code with a vtkTensorGlyph. Each cube should have a random color but there all will be in the same color. I read and read again the doc of vtk but I found no solution. Thanks in advance for any idea #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import vtk import scipy.linalg as sc import random as ra import numpy as np import itertools points = vtk.vtk.vtkPoints() # where to locate each glyph in the scene tensors = vtk.vtkDoubleArray() # rotation for each glyph tensors.SetNumberOfComponents(9) colors = vtk.vtkUnsignedCharArray() # should be the color for each glyph colors.SetNumberOfComponents(3) # let's make 10 cubes in the scene for i in range(0, 50, 5): points.InsertNextPoint(i, i, i) # position of a glyph colors.InsertNextTuple3(ra.randint(0, 255), ra.randint(0, 255), ra.randint(0, 255) ) # pick random color rot = list(itertools.chain(*np.reshape(sc.orth(np.random.rand(3, 3)).transpose(), (1, 9)).tolist())) # random rotation matrix (row major) tensors.InsertNextTuple9(*rot) polydata = vtk.vtkPolyData() # create the polydatas polydata.SetPoints(points) polydata.GetPointData().SetTensors(tensors) polydata.GetPointData().SetScalars(colors) cubeSource = vtk.vtkCubeSource() cubeSource.Update() glyphTensor = vtk.vtkTensorGlyph() glyphTensor.SetColorModeToScalars() # is it really work ? try: glyphTensor.SetInput(polydata) except AttributeError: glyphTensor.SetInputData(polydata) glyphTensor.SetSourceConnection(cubeSource.GetOutputPort()) glyphTensor.ColorGlyphsOn() # should not color all cubes independently ? glyphTensor.ThreeGlyphsOff() glyphTensor.ExtractEigenvaluesOff() glyphTensor.Update() # next is usual vtk code mapper = vtk.vtkPolyDataMapper() mapper.SetInputConnection(glyphTensor.GetOutputPort()) actor = vtk.vtkActor() actor.SetMapper(mapper) ren = vtk.vtkRenderer() ren.SetBackground(0.2, 0.5, 0.3) ren.AddActor(actor) renwin = vtk.vtkRenderWindow() renwin.AddRenderer(ren) iren = vtk.vtkRenderWindowInteractor() iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera()) iren.SetRenderWindow(renwin) renwin.Render() iren.Initialize() renwin.Render() iren.Start()

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• Makefile : Build in a separate directory tree

  - by Simone Margaritelli

  My project (an interpreted language) has a standard library composed by multiple files, each of them will be built into an .so dynamic library that the interpreter will load upon user request (with an import directive). Each source file is located into a subdirectory representing its "namespace", for instance : The build process has to create a "build" directory, then when each file is compiling has to create its namespace directory inside the "build" one, for instance, when compiling std/io/network/tcp.cc he run an mkdir command with mkdir -p build/std/io/network The Makefile snippet is : STDSRC=stdlib/std/hashing/md5.cc \ stdlib/std/hashing/crc32.cc \ stdlib/std/hashing/sha1.cc \ stdlib/std/hashing/sha2.cc \ stdlib/std/io/network/http.cc \ stdlib/std/io/network/tcp.cc \ stdlib/std/io/network/smtp.cc \ stdlib/std/io/file.cc \ stdlib/std/io/console.cc \ stdlib/std/io/xml.cc \ stdlib/std/type/reflection.cc \ stdlib/std/type/string.cc \ stdlib/std/type/matrix.cc \ stdlib/std/type/array.cc \ stdlib/std/type/map.cc \ stdlib/std/type/type.cc \ stdlib/std/type/binary.cc \ stdlib/std/encoding.cc \ stdlib/std/os/dll.cc \ stdlib/std/os/time.cc \ stdlib/std/os/threads.cc \ stdlib/std/os/process.cc \ stdlib/std/pcre.cc \ stdlib/std/math.cc STDOBJ=$(STDSRC:.cc=.so) all: stdlib stdlib: $(STDOBJ) .cc.so: mkdir -p `dirname $< | sed -e 's/stdlib/stdlib\/build/'` $(CXX) $< -o `dirname $< | sed -e 's/stdlib/stdlib\/build/'`/`basename $< .cc`.so $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) I have two questions : 1 - The problem is that the make command, i really don't know why, doesn't check if a file was modified and launch the build process on ALL the files no matter what, so if i need to build only one file, i have to build them all or use the command : make path/to/single/file.so Is there any way to solve this? 2 - Any way to do this in a "cleaner" way without have to distribute all the build directories with sources? Thanks

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• Rewrite arrays using collections

  - by owca

  I have a task, which I was able to do with the use of simplest methods - arrays. Now I'd like to go further and redo it using some more complicated java features like collections, but I've never used anything more complicated than 2d matrix. What should I look at and how to start with it. Should Tower become a Collection ? And here's the task : We have two classes - Tower and Block. Towers are built from Blocks. Ande here's sample code for testing: Block k1=new Block("yellow",1,5,4); Block k2=new Block("blue",2,2,6); Block k3=new Block("green",3,4,2); Block k4=new Block("yellow",1,5,4); Tower tower=new Tower(); tower.add(k1,k2,k3); "Added 3 blocks." System.out.println(tower); "block: green, base: 4cm x 3cm, thicknes: 2 cm block: blue, base: 6cm x 2cm, thicknes: 2 cm block: yellow, base: 5cm x 4cm, thicknes: 1 cm" tower.add(k2); "Tower already contains this block." tower.add(k4); "Added 1 block." System.out.println(tower); "block: green, base: 4cm x 3cm, thicknes: 2 cm block: blue, base: 6cm x 2cm, thicknes: 2 cm block: yellow, base: 5cm x 4cm, thicknes: 1 cm block: yellow, base: 5cm x 4cm, thicknes: 1 cm" tower.delete(k1); "Deleted 1 block" tower.delete(k1); "Block not in tower" System.out.println(tower); "block: blue, base: 6cm x 2cm, thicknes: 2 cm block: yellow, base: 5cm x 4cm, thicknes: 1 cm block: yellow, base: 5cm x 4cm, thicknes: 1 cm" Let's say I will treat Tower as a collection of blocks. How to perform search for specific block among whole collection ? Or should I use other interface ?

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• Game of life in F# with accelerator

  - by jpalmer

  I'm trying to write life in F# using accelerator v2, but for some odd reason my output isn't square despite all my arrays being square - It appears that everything but a rectangular area in the top left of the matrix is being set to false. I've got no idea how this could be happening as all my operations should treat the entire array equally. Any ideas? open Microsoft.ParallelArrays open System.Windows.Forms open System.Drawing type IPA = IntParallelArray type BPA = BoolParallelArray type PAops = ParallelArrays let RNG = new System.Random() let size = 1024 let arrinit i = Array2D.init size size (fun x y -> i) let target = new DX9Target() let threearr = new IPA(arrinit 3) let twoarr = new IPA(arrinit 2) let onearr = new IPA(arrinit 1) let zeroarr = new IPA(arrinit 0) let shifts = [|-1;-1|]::[|-1;0|]::[|-1;1|]::[|0;-1|]::[|0;1|]::[|1;-1|]::[|1;0|]::[|1;1|]::[] let progress (arr:BPA) = let sums = shifts //adds up whether a neighbor is on or not |> List.fold (fun (state:IPA) t ->PAops.Add(PAops.Cond(PAops.Rotate(arr,t),onearr,zeroarr),state)) zeroarr PAops.Or(PAops.CompareEqual(sums,threearr),PAops.And(PAops.CompareEqual(sums,twoarr),arr)) //rule for life let initrandom () = Array2D.init size size (fun x y -> if RNG.NextDouble() > 0.5 then true else false) type meform () as self= inherit Form() let mutable array = new BoolParallelArray(initrandom()) let timer = new System.Timers.Timer(1.0) //redrawing timer do base.DoubleBuffered <- true do base.Size <- Size(size,size) do timer.Elapsed.Add(fun _ -> self.Invalidate()) do timer.Start() let draw (t:Graphics) = array <- array |> progress let bmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(size,size) target.ToArray2D array |> Array2D.iteri (fun x y t -> if not t then bmap.SetPixel(x,y,Color.Black)) t.DrawImageUnscaled(bmap,0,0) do self.Paint.Add(fun t -> draw t.Graphics) do Application.Run(new meform())

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• Azure SDK causes Node.js service bus call to run slow

  - by PazoozaTest Pazman

  I am using this piece of code to call the service bus queue from my node.js server running locally using web matrix, I have also upload to windows azure "web sites" and it still performs slowly. var sb1 = azure.createServiceBusService(config.serviceBusNamespace, config.serviceBusAccessKey); sbMessage = { "Entity": { "SerialNumbersToCreate": '0', "SerialNumberSize": config.usageRates[3], "BlobName": 'snvideos' + channel.ChannelTableName, "TableName": 'snvideos' + channel.ChannelTableName } }; sb1.getQueue('serialnumbers', function(error, queue){ if (error === null){ sb1.sendQueueMessage('serialnumbers', JSON.stringify(sbMessage), function(error) { if (!error) res.send(req.query.callback + '({data: ' + JSON.stringify({ success: true, video: newVideo }) + '});'); else res.send(req.query.callback + '({data: ' + JSON.stringify({ success: false }) + '});'); }); } else res.send(req.query.callback + '({data: ' + JSON.stringify({ success: false }) + '});'); }); It can be up to 5 seconds before the server responds back to the client with the return result. When I comment out the sb1.getQueue('serialnumbers', function(error, queue){ and just have it return without sending a queue message it performs in less than 1 second. Why is that? Is my approach to using the azure sdk service bus correct? Any help would be appreciated.

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• Setting the DataGridColumn's dataField based on XML node with the same name

  - by Rie Mino

  I am stuck. Given this XML: <matrix> <row> <column>0.51</column> <column>0.52</column> <column>0.53</column> <column>0.54</column> </row> <row> <column>0.61</column> <column>0.62</column> <column>0.63</column> <column>0.64</column> </row> I am trying to define a DataGrid such that the row nodes will represent new rows in the DataGrid and the column nodes will be used to auto-populate the DataGrid's columns. I am having a problem setting the dataField for each of the DataGridColumn ojects created. The DataGrid is created but the cell values for row 1 are all 0.51 and row 2 are 0.61. What am I doing wrong here?

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• Alternative to as3isolib?

  - by tedw4rd

  Hi everyone, I've been working on a Flash game that involves an isometric space. I've been using as3isolib for a while now, and I'm less than impressed with how easy it is to use. Whether I'm approaching it the wrong way or it's just not that great to use is a question for another post. Anyways, I've been thinking of a different way to approach the problem of isometric positions, and I think I've got an idea that might work. Essentially, each object that is to be rendered to the iso-space maintains a 3-coordinate position. Those items are then registered with a camera that projects that 3-coordinate position to a 2-coordinate point on the screen according to the math on this Wikipedia article. Then, the MovieClip is added to the stage (or to the camera's MovieClip, perhaps) at that point, and at a child index of the point's y-value. That way, I figure objects that are closer to the camera will be "above" the objects further away, and will get rendered over them. So my question, then, is two-fold: Do you think this idea will work the way I think it will? Are there any existing 3D matrix/vector packages that I should look at? I know there's a Matrix3 class in Flex 3, but we're not using Flex for this game. Thanks!

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• How to setup OpenGL camera for a racing game

  - by vian

  I need the view to show the road polygon (a rectangle 3.f * 100.f) with a vanishing point for a road being at 3/4 height of the viewport and the nearest road edge as a viewport's bottom side. See Crazy Taxi game for an example of what I wish to do. I'm using iPhone SDK 3.1.2 default OpenGL ES project template. I setup the projection matrix as follows: glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glFrustumf(-2.25f, 2.25f, -1.5f, 1.5f, 0.1f, 1000.0f); Then I use glRotatef to adjust for landscape mode and setup camera. glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glRotatef(-90, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); const float cameraAngle = 45.0f * M_PI / 180.0f; gluLookAt(0.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 100.0f, 0.0f, cos(cameraAngle), sin(cameraAngle)); My road polygon triangle strip is like this: static const GLfloat roadVertices[] = { -1.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.5f, 0.0f, 100.0f, 1.5f, 0.0f, 100.0f, }; And I can't seem to find the right parameters for gluLookAt. My vanishing point is always at the center of the screen.

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• Matlab - Propagate points orthogonally on to the edge of shape boundaries

  - by Graham

  Hi I have a set of points which I want to propagate on to the edge of shape boundary defined by a binary image. The shape boundary is defined by a 1px wide white edge. I also have the coordinates of these points stored in a 2 row by n column matrix. The shape forms a concave boundary with no holes within itself made of around 2500 points. I want to cast a ray from each point from the set of points in an orthogonal direction and detect at which point it intersects the shape boundary at. What would be the best method to do this? Are there some sort of ray tracing algorithms that could be used? Or would it be a case of taking orthogonal unit vector and multiplying it by a scalar and testing after multiplication if the end point of the vector is outside the shape boundary. When the end point of the unit vector is outside the shape, just find the point of intersection? Thank you very much in advance for any help!

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• How to map coordinates in AxesImage to coordinates in saved image file?

  - by Vebjorn Ljosa

  I use matplotlib to display a matrix of numbers as an image, attach labels along the axes, and save the plot to a PNG file. For the purpose of creating an HTML image map, I need to know the pixel coordinates in the PNG file for a region in the image being displayed by imshow. I have found an example of how to do this with a regular plot, but when I try to do the same with imshow, the mapping is not correct. Here is my code, which saves an image and attempts to print the pixel coordinates of the center of each square on the diagonal: import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure() ax = fig.add_axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8]) axim = ax.imshow(np.random.random((27,27)), interpolation='nearest') for x, y in axim.get_transform().transform(zip(range(28), range(28))): print int(x), int(fig.get_figheight() * fig.get_dpi() - y) plt.savefig('foo.png', dpi=fig.get_dpi()) Here is the resulting foo.png, shown as a screenshot in order to include the rulers: The output of the script starts and ends as follows: 73 55 92 69 111 83 130 97 149 112 … 509 382 528 396 547 410 566 424 585 439 As you see, the y-coordinates are correct, but the x-coordinates are stretched: they range from 73 to 585 instead of the expected 135 to 506, and they are spaced 19 pixels o.c. instead of the expected 14. What am I doing wrong?

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• C# images cropping,splitting,saving

  - by cheesebunz

  Hi, as stated in subject, i have an image: private Image testing; testing = new Bitmap(@"sampleimg.jpg"); I would like to split it into 3 x 3 matrix meaning 9 images in total and save it.Any tips or tricks to do this simple? I'm using visual studios 2008 and working on smart devices. Tried some ways but i can't get it. This is what i tried: int x = 0; int y = 0; int width = 3; int height = 3; int count = testing.Width / width; Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(width, height); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { g.Clear(Color.Transparent); g.DrawImage(testing, new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), new Rectangle(x, y, width, height), GraphicsUnit.Pixel); bmp.Save(Path.ChangeExtension(@"C\AndrewPictures\", String.Format(".{0}.bmp",i))); x += width; }

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• UML Modelling in C++Builder 2010 Professional

  - by Gordon Brandly

  I'd like to do some basic class diagram UML models in the Pro version of C++Builder 2010. Embarcadero has a C++Builder Features Matrix document, one line of which says "UML Code Visualization – at any time, get a UML model view of your source code" and has a check in the "Professional" column of that table -- I assume this means it should be available to me. Yet, when I open an existing project and do a View | Model View, there's nothing in the Model View window. The only diagram I can find is on the Graph tab of the C++ Class Explorer. I wouldn't call that a UML diagram myself -- is that what Embarcadero is referring to? Embarcadero's table shows that many UML diagrams are not available in Pro, but it looks to me like Class Diagrams should be available. Other lines in that same table indicate that both "Full two-way class diagrams with synchronization between code and diagrams" and "Diagram hyper-linking and annotations" are also supposed to be available in Pro. The Class Explorer graph is one-way only as far as I can tell, so I hope they're referring to something else I haven't been able to find so far. Thanks for any insight into this.

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• Dimension Mismatch MatLab; cant figure out why it is mismatching

  - by Abid

  I think it may be a syntax issue, here is the code. load ([ 'C:\Users\Abid\Desktop\Inquiry Runs\dtS' ]) dtS((dtS==0))=nan; for j=2:9; maxS=max(dtS(j,:)); minS=min(dtS(j,:)); maxval(j,:)=dtS((dtS>(maxS-.1*maxS))); minval(j,:)=dtS((dtS<(minS+.1*minS))); avmax(j)=mean(maxval(j,:)); avmin(j)=mean(minval(j,:)); avs(j,:)=[avmax(j) avmin(j)] end So I know the the row matrices are different sizes every loop. For example maxval(j,:) will change depending one row it is looking through for certain values. I did this manually and I see that on the first loop the matrices are size (1,1), however, if I set the loop to run for only j=2, the row length is 13. Usually if a matrix is changing size on the loop, I only get a warning, but this time I think it is due to a reason I don't understand.

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• Trouble with applying a nested loop on a list

  - by user1665355

  I have a list consisting of 3 elements: datalist=list(a=datanew1,b=datanew2,c=datanew3) datalist$a : Inv_ret Firm size leverage Risk Liquidity Equity 17 0.04555968 17.34834 0.1323199 0.011292273 0.02471489 0 48 0.01405835 15.86315 0.6931730 0.002491093 0.12054914 0 109 0.04556252 16.91602 0.1714068 0.006235836 0.01194579 0 159 0.04753472 14.77039 0.3885720 0.007126830 0.06373028 0 301 0.03941040 16.94377 0.1805346 0.005450653 0.01723319 0 datalist$b : Inv_ret Firm size leverage Risk Liquidity Equity 31 0.04020832 18.13300 0.09326265 0.015235240 0.01579559 0.005025379 62 0.04439078 17.84086 0.11016402 0.005486982 0.01266566 0.006559096 123 0.04543250 18.00517 0.12215307 0.011154742 0.01531451 0.002282790 173 0.03960613 16.45457 0.10828643 0.011506857 0.02385191 0.009003780 180 0.03139643 17.57671 0.40063094 0.003447233 0.04530395 0.000000000 datalist$c : Inv_ret Firm size leverage Risk Liquidity Equity 92 0.03081029 19.25359 0.10513159 0.01635201 0.025760806 0.000119744 153 0.03280746 19.90229 0.11731517 0.01443786 0.006769735 0.011999005 210 0.04655847 20.12543 0.11622403 0.01418010 0.003125632 0.003802365 250 0.03301018 20.67197 0.13208234 0.01262499 0.009418828 0.021400052 282 0.04355975 20.03012 0.08588316 0.01918129 0.004213846 0.023657440 I am trying to create a cor.test on the datalist above : Cor.tests=sapply(datalist,function(x){ for(h in 1:length(names(x))){ for(i in 1:length(names(x$h[i]))){ for(j in 1:length(names(x$h[j]))){ cor.test(x$h[,i],x$h[,j])$p.value }}}}) But I get an error : Error in cor.test.default(x$h[, i], x$h[, j]) : 'x' must be a numeric vector Any suggestions about what I am doing wrong? P.S. If I simply have one dataframe, datanew1 : Inv_ret Firm size leverage Risk Liquidity Equity 17 0.04555968 17.34834 0.1323199 0.011292273 0.02471489 0 48 0.01405835 15.86315 0.6931730 0.002491093 0.12054914 0 109 0.04556252 16.91602 0.1714068 0.006235836 0.01194579 0 159 0.04753472 14.77039 0.3885720 0.007126830 0.06373028 0 301 0.03941040 16.94377 0.1805346 0.005450653 0.01723319 0 I use this loop : results=matrix(NA,nrow=6,ncol=6) for(i in 1:length(names(datanew1))){ for(j in 1:length(names(datanew1))){ results[i,j]<-cor.test(datanew1[,i],datanew1[,j])$p.value }} And the output is: results : [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [1,] 0.000000e+00 7.085663e-09 3.128975e-10 3.018239e-02 4.806400e-10 0.475139526 [2,] 7.085663e-09 0.000000e+00 2.141581e-21 0.000000e+00 2.247825e-20 0.454032499 [3,] 3.128975e-10 2.141581e-21 0.000000e+00 2.485924e-25 2.220446e-16 0.108643838 [4,] 3.018239e-02 0.000000e+00 2.485924e-25 0.000000e+00 5.870007e-15 0.006783324 [5,] 4.806400e-10 2.247825e-20 2.220446e-16 5.870007e-15 0.000000e+00 0.558827862 [6,] 4.751395e-01 4.540325e-01 1.086438e-01 6.783324e-03 5.588279e-01 0.000000000 Which is exactly what I want. But I want to get 3 matrices, one for each element of the datalist above.

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• Need to calculate rotation-vector from Sensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION data

  - by Sponge

  I need to calculate a rotation vector out of the data i get from Sensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION. The sensor data is defined like this: the values have to be recalculated to become a correct 3d position: values[0]: Azimuth, angle between the magnetic north direction and the Y axis, around the Z axis (0 to 359). 0=North, 90=East, 180=South, 270=West values[1]: Pitch, rotation around X axis (-180 to 180), with positive values when the z-axis moves toward the y-axis. values[2]: Roll, rotation around Y axis (-90 to 90), with positive values when the x-axis moves away from the z-axis I need all three values like the Z axis value (from 0 to 360 degree). I tried a lot but cant figure out how to do this :/ i also tried to use Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER and Sensor.TYPE_MAGNETIC_FIELD to calculate this 3d vector on my own. here is the code: final float[] inR = new float[16]; // load inR matrix from current sensor data: SensorManager.getRotationMatrix(inR, null, gravityValues, geomagneticValues); float[] orientation = new float[3]; SensorManager.getOrientation(inR, orientation); mapMagAndAcclDataToVector(orientation); //here i do some *360 stuff orientetionChanged(orientation); //then the correct values are passed (in theorie) But this didn't work and i think it is much to complicated. So i bet there is a simple solution how to recalc the values of ensor.TYPE_ORIENTATION to make them a 3d rotation vector, but i just dont know how to do it. If you know the answer please tell me.

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• How to embed XBase expressions in an Xtext DSL

  - by Marcus Mathioudakis

  I am writing a simple little DSL for specifying constraints on messages, and Have been trying without success for a while to embed XBase expressions into the language. The Grammar looks like this: grammar org.xtext.businessrules.BusinessRules with org.eclipse.xtext.xbase.Xbase //import "http://www.eclipse.org/xtext/xbase/Xbase" as xbase import "http://www.eclipse.org/xtext/common/JavaVMTypes" as jvmTypes generate businessRules "http://www.xtext.org/businessrules/BusinessRules" Start: rules+=Constraint*; Constraint: {Constraint} 'FOR' 'PAYLOAD' payload=PAYLOAD 'ELEMENT' element=ID 'CONSTRAINED BY' constraint=XExpression; PAYLOAD: "SimulationSessionEvents" |"stacons" |"any" ; Range: 'above' min=INT ('below' max=INT)? |'below' max=INT ('above' min=INT)? ; When trying to parse a file such as: FOR PAYLOAD SimulationSessionEvents ELEMENT matrix CONSTRAINED BY ... I can't get it to work for ... = any kind of Arithmetic expression, although it works for ...= loop or if expression, or even just a number. As soon as I do something like '-5' or '4-5' it says Couldn't resolve reference to JvmIdentifiableElement '-', even though the Xbase.xtext Grammar looks like it allows these expressions. I don't think I'm missing any Jars, as it doesn't complain when I run the mwe workflow, but only when trying to parse the input file. Any help would be much appreciated.

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• Bilinear interpolation - DirectX vs. GDI+

  - by holtavolt

  I have a C# app for which I've written GDI+ code that uses Bitmap/TextureBrush rendering to present 2D images, which can have various image processing functions applied. This code is a new path in an application that mimics existing DX9 code, and they share a common library to perform all vector and matrix (e.g. ViewToWorld/WorldToView) operations. My test bed consists of DX9 output images that I compare against the output of the new GDI+ code. A simple test case that renders to a viewport that matches the Bitmap dimensions (i.e. no zoom or pan) does match pixel-perfect (no binary diff) - but as soon as the image is zoomed up (magnified), I get very minor differences in 5-10% of the pixels. The magnitude of the difference is 1 (occasionally 2)/256. I suspect this is due to interpolation differences. Question: For a DX9 ortho projection (and identity world space), with a camera perpendicular and centered on a textured quad, is it reasonable to expect DirectX.Direct3D.TextureFilter.Linear to generate identical output to a GDI+ TextureBrush filled rectangle/polygon when using the System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.Bilinear setting? For this (magnification) case, the DX9 code is using this (MinFilter,MipFilter set similarly): Device.SetSamplerState(0, SamplerStageStates.MagFilter, (int)TextureFilter.Linear); and the GDI+ path is using: g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.Bilinear; I thought that "Bilinear Interpolation" was a fairly specific filter definition, but then I noticed that there is another option in GDI+ for "HighQualityBilinear" (which I've tried, with no difference - which makes sense given the description of "added prefiltering for shrinking") Followup Question: Is it reasonable to expect pixel-perfect output matching between DirectX and GDI+ (assuming all external coordinates passed in are equal)? If not, why not? Finally, there are a number of other APIs I could be using (Direct2D, WPF, GDI, etc.) - and this question generally applies to comparing the output of "equivalent" bilinear interpolated output images across any two of these. Thanks!

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• Generic FSM for game in C++ ?

  - by Mr.Gando

  Hello, I was wondering if there's a way I could code some kind of "generic" FSM for a game with C++?. My game has a component oriented design, so I use a FSM Component. my Finite State Machine (FSM) Component, looks more or less this way. class gecFSM : public gecBehaviour { public: //Constructors gecFSM() { state = kEntityState_walk; } gecFSM(kEntityState s) { state = s; } //Interface void setRule(kEntityState initialState, int inputAction, kEntityState resultingState); void performAction(int action); private: kEntityState fsmTable[MAX_STATES][MAX_ACTIONS]; }; I would love to hear your opinions/ideas or suggestions about how to make this FSM component, generic. With generic I mean: 1) Creating the fsmTable from an xml file is really easy, I mean it's just a bunch of integers that can be loaded to create an MAX_STATESxMAX_ACTION matrix. void gecFSM::setRule(kEntityState initialState, int inputAction, kEntityState resultingState) { fsmTable[initialState][inputAction] = resultingState; } 2) But what about the "perform Action" method ? void gecFSM::performAction(int action) { switch( smTable[ ownerEntity->getState() ][ action ] ) { case WALK: /*Walk action*/ break; case STAND: /*Stand action*/ break; case JUMP: /*Jump action*/ break; case RUN: /*Run action*/ break; } } What if I wanted to make the "actions" and the switch generic? This in order to avoid creating a different FSM component class for each GameEntity? (gecFSMZombie, gecFSMDryad, gecFSMBoss etc ?). That would allow me to go "Data Driven" and construct my generic FSM's from files for example. What do you people suggest?

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• Which are the RDBMS that minimize the server roundtrips? Which RDBMS are better (in this area) than

  - by user193655

  When the latency is high ("when pinging the server takes time") the server roundtrips make the difference. Now I don't want to focus on the roundtrips created in programming, but the roundtrips that occur "under the hood" in the DB engine, so the roundtrips that are 100% dependant on how the RDBMS is written itself. I have been told that FireBird has more roundtrips than MySQL. But this is the only information I know. I am currently supporting MS SQL but I'd like to change RDBMS (because I use Express Editions and in my scenario they are quite limiting from the performance point of view), so to make a wise choice I would like to include also this point into "my RDBMS comparison feature matrix" to understand which is the best RDBMS to choose as an alternative to MS SQL. So the bold sentence above would make me prefer MySQL to Firebird (for the roundtrips concept, not in general), but can anyone add informations? And MS SQL where is it located? Is someone able to "rank" the roundtrip performance of the main RDBMS, or at least: MS SQL, MySql, Postegresql, Firebird (I am not interested in Oracle since it is not free, and if I have to change I would change to a free RDBMS). Anyway MySql (as mentioned several times on stackoverflow) has a not clear future and a not 100% free license. So my final choice will probably dall on PostgreSQL or Firebird. Additional info: somehow you can answer my question by making a simple list like: MSSQL:3; MySQL:1; Firebird:2; Postgresql:2 (where 1 is good, 2 average, 3 bad). Of course if you can post some links where the roundtrips per RDBMSs are compared it would be great

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