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• H12 timeout error on Heroku

  - by snowangel

  Can anyone shed some light on what's causing this timeout error on Heroku (at 2012-07-08T08:58:33+00:00)? The docs say that it's because of some long running process. I've set config.assets.initialize_on_precompile = false in config/application.rb. EmBP-2:bc Emma$ heroku restart Restarting processes... done EmBP-2:bc Emma$ heroku logs --tail 2012-07-08T08:47:21+00:00 heroku[nginx]: 82.69.50.215 - - [08/Jul/2012:08:47:21 +0000] "GET /assets/application.js HTTP/1.1" 200 311723 "https://codicology.co.uk/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/534.52.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.2 Safari/534.52.7" codicology.co.uk 2012-07-08T08:47:21+00:00 heroku[nginx]: 127.0.0.1 - - [08/Jul/2012:08:47:21 +0000] "GET /assets/application.js HTTP/1.0" 200 1311615 "https://codicology.co.uk/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/534.52.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.2 Safari/534.52.7" codicology.co.uk 2012-07-08T08:51:32+00:00 heroku[slugc]: Slug compilation started 2012-07-08T08:54:05+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v145 created by [email protected] 2012-07-08T08:54:05+00:00 heroku[api]: Deploy 8814b2f by [email protected] 2012-07-08T08:54:05+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting 2012-07-08T08:54:06+00:00 heroku[slugc]: Slug compilation finished 2012-07-08T08:54:09+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM 2012-07-08T08:54:09+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM 2012-07-08T08:54:09+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec unicorn -p 22429 -c ./config/unicorn.rb` 2012-07-08T08:54:10+00:00 app[worker.1]: [Worker(host:2046e0bf-e109-40f2-abdb-10f69d224483 pid:1)] Exiting... 2012-07-08T08:54:11+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:11.320616 #1] INFO -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 8 exit 0> worker=1 2012-07-08T08:54:11+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:11.376765 #1] INFO -- : master complete 2012-07-08T08:54:11+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:11.376272 #1] INFO -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 5 exit 0> worker=0 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.011695 #1] INFO -- : worker=0 spawning... 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.011386 #1] INFO -- : listening on addr=0.0.0.0:22429 fd=3 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.017917 #5] INFO -- : worker=0 spawned pid=5 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.019309 #1] INFO -- : master process ready 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.018250 #5] INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.016768 #1] INFO -- : worker=1 spawning... 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.020863 #8] INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:12.020617 #8] INFO -- : worker=1 spawned pid=8 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 app[worker.1]: SQL (2.9ms) UPDATE "delayed_jobs" SET locked_by = null, locked_at = null WHERE (locked_by = 'host:2046e0bf-e109-40f2-abdb-10f69d224483 pid:1') 2012-07-08T08:54:12+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0 2012-07-08T08:54:13+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2012-07-08T08:54:14+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: Process exited with status 0 2012-07-08T08:54:14+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: State changed from up to down 2012-07-08T08:54:14+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: State changed from down to starting 2012-07-08T08:54:20+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec rake jobs:work` 2012-07-08T08:54:20+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: State changed from starting to up 2012-07-08T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:54:33+00:00 app[web.1]: Starting the New Relic Agent. 2012-07-08T08:54:33+00:00 app[web.1]: Starting the New Relic Agent. 2012-07-08T08:54:33+00:00 app[web.1]: Installed New Relic Browser Monitoring middleware 2012-07-08T08:54:33+00:00 app[web.1]: Installed New Relic Browser Monitoring middleware 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: [DEVISE] Devise.use_salt_as_remember_token is deprecated and has no effect. Please remove it. 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: [DEVISE] Devise.use_salt_as_remember_token is deprecated and has no effect. Please remove it. 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant XLSX 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant XLSX 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:54:34+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:54:41+00:00 app[worker.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/Rakefile:10) 2012-07-08T08:54:41+00:00 app[worker.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/Rakefile:10) 2012-07-08T08:54:45+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importadvancecsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:45+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpaymentcsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:45+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpurchasecsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:45+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importadvancecsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:45+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpaymentcsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:45+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpurchasecsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:45+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importsalecsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:46+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Profitarchive class 2012-07-08T08:54:46+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importsalecsv class 2012-07-08T08:54:46+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Profitarchive class 2012-07-08T08:54:46+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for xml with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Onixarchive class 2012-07-08T08:54:47+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for xml with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Onixarchive class 2012-07-08T08:54:48+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:48.467693 #8] INFO -- : worker=1 ready 2012-07-08T08:54:48+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:54:48.823800 #5] INFO -- : worker=0 ready 2012-07-08T08:54:48+00:00 app[worker.1]: Starting the New Relic Agent. 2012-07-08T08:54:48+00:00 app[worker.1]: New Relic Agent not running. 2012-07-08T08:54:48+00:00 app[worker.1]: [Worker(host:1eabe514-7ec9-43b0-835b-ff3bd23bc266 pid:1)] New Relic Ruby Agent Monitoring DJ worker host:1eabe514-7ec9-43b0-835b-ff3bd23bc266 pid:1 2012-07-08T08:54:48+00:00 app[worker.1]: Installed New Relic Browser Monitoring middleware 2012-07-08T08:54:49+00:00 app[worker.1]: [Worker(host:1eabe514-7ec9-43b0-835b-ff3bd23bc266 pid:1)] Starting job worker 2012-07-08T08:57:54+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting 2012-07-08T08:57:56+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM 2012-07-08T08:57:57+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:57:57.047386 #1] INFO -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 5 exit 0> worker=0 2012-07-08T08:57:57+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:57:57.047753 #1] INFO -- : reaped #<Process::Status: pid 8 exit 0> worker=1 2012-07-08T08:57:57+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:57:57.047999 #1] INFO -- : master complete 2012-07-08T08:57:57+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM 2012-07-08T08:57:58+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0 2012-07-08T08:57:58+00:00 app[worker.1]: [Worker(host:1eabe514-7ec9-43b0-835b-ff3bd23bc266 pid:1)] Exiting... 2012-07-08T08:57:59+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec unicorn -p 29766 -c ./config/unicorn.rb` 2012-07-08T08:58:01+00:00 app[worker.1]: SQL (27.9ms) UPDATE "delayed_jobs" SET locked_by = null, locked_at = null WHERE (locked_by = 'host:1eabe514-7ec9-43b0-835b-ff3bd23bc266 pid:1') 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.070527 #1] INFO -- : listening on addr=0.0.0.0:29766 fd=3 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.070782 #1] INFO -- : worker=0 spawning... 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.074498 #1] INFO -- : worker=1 spawning... 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.075702 #1] INFO -- : master process ready 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.076732 #5] INFO -- : worker=0 spawned pid=5 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.076957 #5] INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.089022 #8] INFO -- : worker=1 spawned pid=8 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:58:02.089299 #8] INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: Process exited with status 0 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: State changed from up to down 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: State changed from down to starting 2012-07-08T08:58:02+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2012-07-08T08:58:10+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec rake jobs:work` 2012-07-08T08:58:11+00:00 heroku[worker.1]: State changed from starting to up 2012-07-08T08:58:28+00:00 app[worker.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/Rakefile:10) 2012-07-08T08:58:28+00:00 app[worker.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/Rakefile:10) 2012-07-08T08:58:33+00:00 heroku[router]: Error H12 (Request timeout) -> GET codicology.co.uk/ dyno=web.1 queue= wait= service=30000ms status=503 bytes=0 2012-07-08T08:58:33+00:00 heroku[nginx]: 127.0.0.1 - - [08/Jul/2012:08:58:33 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 503 601 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/534.52.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.2 Safari/534.52.7" codicology.co.uk 2012-07-08T08:58:33+00:00 heroku[nginx]: 82.69.50.215 - - [08/Jul/2012:08:58:33 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 503 601 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/534.52.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.2 Safari/534.52.7" codicology.co.uk 2012-07-08T08:58:42+00:00 app[worker.1]: New Relic Agent not running. 2012-07-08T08:58:42+00:00 app[worker.1]: [Worker(host:b5fa9243-6f9b-4de4-8f64-adab767fe4b0 pid:1)] New Relic Ruby Agent Monitoring DJ worker host:b5fa9243-6f9b-4de4-8f64-adab767fe4b0 pid:1 2012-07-08T08:58:42+00:00 app[worker.1]: Starting the New Relic Agent. 2012-07-08T08:58:42+00:00 app[worker.1]: Installed New Relic Browser Monitoring middleware 2012-07-08T08:58:43+00:00 app[worker.1]: [Worker(host:b5fa9243-6f9b-4de4-8f64-adab767fe4b0 pid:1)] Starting job worker 2012-07-08T08:58:56+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:58:56+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:58:56+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:58:56+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:6) 2012-07-08T08:59:02+00:00 app[web.1]: Starting the New Relic Agent. 2012-07-08T08:59:02+00:00 app[web.1]: Installed New Relic Browser Monitoring middleware 2012-07-08T08:59:02+00:00 app[web.1]: Starting the New Relic Agent. 2012-07-08T08:59:02+00:00 app[web.1]: Installed New Relic Browser Monitoring middleware 2012-07-08T08:59:03+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:59:03+00:00 app[web.1]: [DEVISE] Devise.use_salt_as_remember_token is deprecated and has no effect. Please remove it. 2012-07-08T08:59:03+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:59:03+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:59:03+00:00 app[web.1]: [DEVISE] Devise.use_salt_as_remember_token is deprecated and has no effect. Please remove it. 2012-07-08T08:59:03+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:59:04+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant XLSX 2012-07-08T08:59:04+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:59:04+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:59:04+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant XLSX 2012-07-08T08:59:04+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:59:04+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb:102: warning: already initialized constant PDF 2012-07-08T08:59:22+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importadvancecsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:22+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpaymentcsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:22+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpurchasecsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:22+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importsalecsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:22+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Profitarchive class 2012-07-08T08:59:23+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importadvancecsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:23+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpaymentcsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:23+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importpurchasecsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:23+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Importsalecsv class 2012-07-08T08:59:23+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for csv with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Profitarchive class 2012-07-08T08:59:23+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for xml with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Onixarchive class 2012-07-08T08:59:24+00:00 app[web.1]: [paperclip] Duplicate URL for xml with :s3_eu_url. This will clash with attachment defined in Onixarchive class 2012-07-08T08:59:25+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:59:25.555052 #5] INFO -- : worker=0 ready 2012-07-08T08:59:25+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:59:25+00:00 app[web.1]: 2012-07-08T08:59:25+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/" for 82.69.50.215 at 2012-07-08 08:59:25 +0000 2012-07-08T08:59:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by PagesController#home as HTML 2012-07-08T08:59:26+00:00 app[web.1]: I, [2012-07-08T08:59:26.043501 #8] INFO -- : worker=1 ready 2012-07-08T08:59:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered pages/home.html.haml within layouts/application (5.7ms) 2012-07-08T08:59:26+00:00 app[web.1]: (1.1ms) SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "delayed_jobs" 2012-07-08T08:59:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_header.html.erb (4.2ms) 2012-07-08T08:59:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Rendered layouts/_footer.html.haml (1.4ms) 2012-07-08T08:59:26+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 326ms (Views: 258.4ms | ActiveRecord: 65.2ms)

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• OSX, G/AWK, Bash - "illegal statement"

  - by S1syphus

  I have a script that somebody from SO kindly provided to solve an issue I was having, However, I'm having some issues getting it to work on OSX. gawk --version GNU Awk 3.1.6 awk --version awk version 20100208 The original source is: awk -F, -vOFS=, -vc=1 ' NR == 1 { for (i=1; i<NF; i++) { if ($i != "") { g[c]=i; f[c++]=$i } } } NR>2 { for (i=1; i < c; i++) { print $1,$2, $g[i] > "output_"f[i]".csv } }' data.csv When I run the script it gives the following error: awk: syntax error at source line 12 context is print $1,$2, $g[i] > >>> "output_"f <<< [i]".csv awk: illegal statement at source line 13 From the look of it the variable of [i] isn't been amended to the output file, but I don't know why. If I change AWK to GAWK and run the original script here is the output: gawk: cmd. line:11: print $1,$2, $g[i] > "output_"f[i]".csv gawk: cmd. line:11: ^ unterminated string So I edit the relevant line to fix the unterminated string print $1,$2, $g[i] > "output_"f[i]".csv" Then it runs through fine produces no errors, but there is no output files. Any ideas? I spent the majority of last night and this morning pouring over this. A sample input file: ,,L1,,,L2,,,L3,,,L4,,,L5,,,L6,,,L7,,,L8,,,L9,,,L10,,,L11, Title,r/t,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,neede d,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst EXAMPLEfoo,60,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 EXAMPLEbar,30,6,6,12,6,7,14,6,6,12,6,6,12,6,8,16,6,7,14,6,7.5,15,6,6,12,6,8,16,6,0,0,6,7,14 EXAMPLE1,60,3,3,3,3,5,5,3,4,4,3,3,3,3,6,6,3,4,4,3,3,3,3,4,4,3,8,8,3,0,0,3,4,4 EXAMPLE2,120,6,6,3,0,0,0,6,8,4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 EXAMPLE3,60,6,6,6,6,8,8,6,6,6,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,6,8,8,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,10,10 EXAMPLE4,30,6,6,12,6,7,14,6,6,12,6,6,12,3,5.5,11,6,7.5,15,6,6,12,6,0,0,6,9,18,6,0,0,6,6.5,13 And the example out put should be So for L1 an example out put would look like: EXAMPLEfoo,60,6 EXAMPLEbar,30,6 EXAMPLE1,60,3 EXAMPLE2,120,6 EXAMPLE3,60,6 EXAMPLE4,30,6 And for L2: EXAMPLEfoo,60,0 EXAMPLEbar,30,6 EXAMPLE1,60,3 EXAMPLE2,120,0 EXAMPLE3,60,6 EXAMPLE4,30,6

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• OSX, G/AWK, Bash - "illegal statement, unterminated string" and no file output.

  - by S1syphus

  I have a script that somebody from SO kindly provided to solve an issue I was having, However, I'm having some issues getting it to work on OSX. gawk --version GNU Awk 3.1.6 awk --version awk version 20100208 The original source is: awk -F, -vOFS=, -vc=1 ' NR == 1 { for (i=1; i<NF; i++) { if ($i != "") { g[c]=i; f[c++]=$i } } } NR>2 { for (i=1; i < c; i++) { print $1,$2, $g[i] > "output_"f[i]".csv } }' data.csv When I run the script it gives the following error: awk: syntax error at source line 12 context is print $1,$2, $g[i] > >>> "output_"f <<< [i]".csv awk: illegal statement at source line 13 From the look of it the variable of [i] isn't been amended to the output file, but I don't know why. If I change AWK to GAWK and run the original script here is the output: gawk: cmd. line:11: print $1,$2, $g[i] > "output_"f[i]".csv gawk: cmd. line:11: ^ unterminated string So I edit the relevant line to fix the unterminated string print $1,$2, $g[i] > "output_"f[i]".csv" Then it runs through fine produces no errors, but there is no output files. Any ideas? I spent the majority of last night and this morning pouring over this. A sample input file: ,,L1,,,L2,,,L3,,,L4,,,L5,,,L6,,,L7,,,L8,,,L9,,,L10,,,L11, Title,r/t,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,neede d,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst,needed,actual,Inst EXAMPLEfoo,60,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 EXAMPLEbar,30,6,6,12,6,7,14,6,6,12,6,6,12,6,8,16,6,7,14,6,7.5,15,6,6,12,6,8,16,6,0,0,6,7,14 EXAMPLE1,60,3,3,3,3,5,5,3,4,4,3,3,3,3,6,6,3,4,4,3,3,3,3,4,4,3,8,8,3,0,0,3,4,4 EXAMPLE2,120,6,6,3,0,0,0,6,8,4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 EXAMPLE3,60,6,6,6,6,8,8,6,6,6,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,6,8,8,6,6,6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,10,10 EXAMPLE4,30,6,6,12,6,7,14,6,6,12,6,6,12,3,5.5,11,6,7.5,15,6,6,12,6,0,0,6,9,18,6,0,0,6,6.5,13 And the example out put should be So for L1 an example out put would look like: EXAMPLEfoo,60,6 EXAMPLEbar,30,6 EXAMPLE1,60,3 EXAMPLE2,120,6 EXAMPLE3,60,6 EXAMPLE4,30,6 And for L2: EXAMPLEfoo,60,0 EXAMPLEbar,30,6 EXAMPLE1,60,3 EXAMPLE2,120,0 EXAMPLE3,60,6 EXAMPLE4,30,6

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• Android: Crashed when single contact is clicked

  - by Sean Tan

  My application is always crashed at this moment, guru here please help me to solved. Thanks.The situation now is as mentioned in title above. Hereby is my AndroidManifest.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!-- Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.android.contactmanager" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_ACCOUNTS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_OWNER_DATA"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"/> <application android:label="@string/app_name" android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:allowBackup="true"> <!-- --><activity android:name=".ContactManager" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity android:name="ContactAdder" android:label="@string/addContactTitle"> </activity> <activity android:name=".SingleListContact" android:label="Contact Person Details"> </activity> </application> </manifest> The SingleListContact.java package com.example.android.contactmanager; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; public class SingleListContact extends Activity{ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); this.setContentView(R.layout.single_list_contact_view); TextView txtContact = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.contactList); Intent i = getIntent(); // getting attached intent data String contact = i.getStringExtra("contact"); // displaying selected product name txtContact.setText(contact); } } My ContactManager.java as below /* * Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.android.contactmanager; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.provider.ContactsContract; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.CheckBox; import android.widget.CompoundButton; import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter; import android.widget.TextView; public final class ContactManager extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener { public static final String TAG = "ContactManager"; private Button mAddAccountButton; private ListView mContactList; private boolean mShowInvisible; //public BooleanObservable ShowInvisible = new BooleanObservable(false); private CheckBox mShowInvisibleControl; /** * Called when the activity is first created. Responsible for initializing the UI. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { Log.v(TAG, "Activity State: onCreate()"); super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.contact_manager); // Obtain handles to UI objects mAddAccountButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.addContactButton); mContactList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.contactList); mShowInvisibleControl = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.showInvisible); // Initialise class properties mShowInvisible = false; mShowInvisibleControl.setChecked(mShowInvisible); // Register handler for UI elements mAddAccountButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(TAG, "mAddAccountButton clicked"); launchContactAdder(); } }); mShowInvisibleControl.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() { public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) { Log.d(TAG, "mShowInvisibleControl changed: " + isChecked); mShowInvisible = isChecked; populateContactList(); } }); mContactList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.contactList); mContactList.setOnItemClickListener(this); // Populate the contact list populateContactList(); } /** * Populate the contact list based on account currently selected in the account spinner. */ private void populateContactList() { // Build adapter with contact entries Cursor cursor = getContacts(); String[] fields = new String[] { ContactsContract.Data.DISPLAY_NAME }; SimpleCursorAdapter adapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.contact_entry, cursor, fields, new int[] {R.id.contactEntryText}); mContactList.setAdapter(adapter); } /** * Obtains the contact list for the currently selected account. * * @return A cursor for for accessing the contact list. */ private Cursor getContacts() { // Run query Uri uri = ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI; String[] projection = new String[] { ContactsContract.Contacts._ID, ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME }; String selection = ContactsContract.Contacts.IN_VISIBLE_GROUP + " = '" + (mShowInvisible ? "0" : "1") + "'"; //String selection = ContactsContract.Contacts.IN_VISIBLE_GROUP + " = '" + (mShowInvisible.get() ? "0" : "1") + "'"; String[] selectionArgs = null; String sortOrder = ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME + " COLLATE LOCALIZED ASC"; return this.managedQuery(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, sortOrder); } /** * Launches the ContactAdder activity to add a new contact to the selected account. */ protected void launchContactAdder() { Intent i = new Intent(this, ContactAdder.class); startActivity(i); } public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> l, View v, int position, long id) { Log.i("TAG", "You clicked item " + id + " at position " + position); // Here you start the intent to show the contact details // selected item TextView tv=(TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.contactList); String allcontactlist = tv.getText().toString(); // Launching new Activity on selecting single List Item Intent i = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), SingleListContact.class); // sending data to new activity i.putExtra("Contact Person", allcontactlist); startActivity(i); } } contact_entry.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!-- Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <ListView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/contactList" android:layout_height="0dp" android:padding="10dp" android:textSize="200sp" android:layout_weight="10"/> <CheckBox android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/showInvisible" android:text="@string/showInvisible"/> <Button android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/addContactButton" android:text="@string/addContactButtonLabel"/> </LinearLayout> Logcat result: 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): java.lang.NullPointerException 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at com.example.android.contactmanager.ContactManager.onItemClick(ContactManager.java:148) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at android.widget.AdapterView.performItemClick(AdapterView.java:284) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at android.widget.ListView.performItemClick(ListView.java:3513) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at android.widget.AbsListView$PerformClick.run(AbsListView.java:1812) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597) 12-05 05:00:31.289: E/AndroidRuntime(642): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

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• NSNumberFormatter weirdness with NSNumberFormatterPercentStyle

  - by rein

  Hi, I need to parse some text in a UITextField and turn it into a percentage. Ideally, I'd like the user to either type something like 12 or 12% into the text field and have that be parsed into a number as a percentage. Here's what's weird. The number formatter seems to not like 12 and seems to divide 12% by 10000 instead of 100: NSNumberFormatter *formatter = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] autorelease]; [formatter setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterPercentStyle]; NSNumber *n1 = [formatter numberFromString:@"12"]; NSNumber *n2 = [formatter numberFromString:@"12%"]; NSLog(@"n1 = %@", n1); // n1 = (null) NSLog(@"n2 = %@", n2); // n2 = 0.0012 How do I get the formatter to return 0.12 as expected? EDIT: it seems to only happen if the formatter fails first. If the formatter does not fail it returns 0.12 as expected. Strange.

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• Android Drawable question.

  - by Tarmon

  Hey Everyone, I am trying to create a drawable in code and change the color based on some criteria. I can get it to work but it doesn't want to let me set the padding on the view. Any help would be appreciated. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ImageView android:id="@+id/icon" android:layout_width="50px" android:layout_height="fill_parent" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/label" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:paddingLeft="17px" android:textSize="28sp" /> ImageView icon = (ImageView) row.findViewById(R.id.icon); ShapeDrawable mDrawable; int x = 0; int y = 0; int width = 50; int height = 50; float[] outerR = new float[] { 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12 }; mDrawable = new ShapeDrawable(new RoundRectShape(outerR, null, null)); mDrawable.setBounds(x, y+height, x + width, y); switch(position){ case 0: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xffff0000); //Red break; case 1: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xffff0000); //Red break; case 2: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff00c000); //Green break; case 3: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff00c000); //Green break; case 4: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff0000ff); //Blue break; case 5: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff0000ff); //Blue break; case 6: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff696969); //Gray break; case 7: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff696969); //Gray break; case 8: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xffffff00); //Yellow break; case 9: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff8b4513); //Brown break; case 10: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff8b4513); //Brown break; case 11: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xff8b4513); //Brown break; case 12: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xffa020f0); //Purple break; case 13: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xffff0000); //Red break; case 14: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xffffd700); //Gold break; case 15: mDrawable.getPaint().setColor(0xffff6600); //Orange break; } icon.setBackgroundDrawable(mDrawable); icon.setPadding(5, 5, 5, 5); If I set the padding in XML it just ignores it. Thanks, Rob

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• /usr/local or /opt ?

  - by SirFabel

  Hi Guys, How do you generally proceed for your package installations on Linux, for packages that are not part of your distrib's repos? On my side I am used to install in /opt. But since, I saw this doc on the Internet: http://www.pathname.com/fhs/. Now I am confused: apparently /usr/local would be also a possibility. What is the difference between both? Any best practices to share? Thanks SirFabel

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• how to call gstreamer as an external process in Qt to play incoming audio streams?

  - by Rajesh

  im now using mplayer to play incoming audio streams from network. i need to use gstreamer to play that. my code to play the audio using mplayer is like this: arg<<"http://192.168.0.2/img/video.asf"<<"-novideo"; program="mplayer"; process=new QProcess(this); process-start(program,arg);## Heading ##

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• complicated sql query !!

  - by user507779

  LookupTable: userid, mobileid, startedate, enddate , owner 1 , 1 , 12-12-2000, 01-01-2001, asd 2 , 2 , 12-12-2000, 01-01-2001, dgs 3 , 3 , 02-01-2001, 01-01-2002, sdg 4 , 4 , 12-12-2000, 01-01-2001, sdg UserInfoTable: userid, firstname, lastname, address 1 , tom , do , test 2 , sam , smith , asds 3 , john , saw , asdasda 4 , peter , winston , near by Mobile: Mobileid, Name , number, imeinumber 1 , apple , 123 , 1111111 2 , nokia , 456 , 2222222 3 , vodafone , 789 , 3333333 CallLogs: id , Mobileid, callednumbers (string), date , totalduration 1 , 1 , 123,123,321 , 13-12-2000 , 30 2 , 1 , 123,123,321 , 14-12-2000 , 30 3 , 2 , 123,123,321 , 13-12-2000 , 30 4 , 2 , 123,123,321 , 14-12-2000 , 30 5 , 3 , 123,123,321 , 13-12-2000 , 30 6 , 3 , 123,123,321 , 14-12-2000 , 30 1 , 1 , 123,123,321 , 13-01-2002 , 30 2 , 1 , 123,123,321 , 14-01-2002 , 30 I want a query which will return me the following: firstname, lastname, mobile.name as mobilename, callednumbers (as concatinated strings from different rows in CallLogs table) and need it for year 2000 example: firstname, lastname, mobilename, callednumbers tom , do , apple , 123,123,321, 123,123,321 sam , smith , nokia , 123,123,321, 123,123,321 peter , winston , apple , 123,123,321, 123,123,321 any help will be highly appreciated...

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• Weirdest PHP error

  - by yes123

  I found in my error log this [12-Nov-2011 19:22:26] PHP Warning: Attempt to assign property of non-object in on line 1768776801 [12-Nov-2011 19:22:31] PHP Warning: Attempt to assign property of non-object in on line 1768776801 [12-Nov-2011 19:22:39] PHP Warning: Attempt to assign property of non-object in on line 1768776801 [12-Nov-2011 19:22:40] PHP Warning: Attempt to assign property of non-object in on line 1768776801 [12-Nov-2011 19:22:46] PHP Warning: Attempt to assign property of non-object in on line 1768776801 [12-Nov-2011 19:22:51] PHP Warning: Attempt to assign property of non-object in on line 1768776801 Of course I don't have any script with 1 bn lines. PHP Version 5.3.3-7 Apache 2 The other weird thing is that I have a set_error_handler( 'myHandler' ); To write in the error log other inforamtion too, but with this error it seems PHP just ignores my error_handler =/ I don't have any code that can generate this errore before my call to set_error_handler

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• MySQL: filling empty fields with zeroes when using GROUP BY

  - by SaltLake

  I've got MySQL table CREATE TABLE cms_webstat ( ID int NOT NULL auto_increment PRIMARY KEY, TIMESTAMP_X timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, # ... some other fields ... ) which contains statistics about site visitors. For getting visits per hour I use SELECT hour(TIMESTAMP_X) as HOUR , count(*) AS HOUR_STAT FROM cms_webstat GROUP BY HOUR ORDER BY HOUR DESC which gives me | HOUR | HOUR_STAT | | 24 | 15 | | 23 | 12 | | 22 | 9 | | 20 | 3 | | 18 | 2 | | 15 | 1 | | 12 | 3 | | 9 | 1 | | 3 | 5 | | 2 | 7 | | 1 | 9 | | 0 | 12 | And I'd like to get following: | HOUR | HOUR_STAT | | 24 | 15 | | 23 | 12 | | 22 | 9 | | 21 | 0 | | 20 | 3 | | 19 | 0 | | 18 | 2 | | 17 | 0 | | 16 | 0 | | 15 | 1 | | 14 | 0 | | 13 | 0 | | 12 | 3 | | 11 | 0 | | 10 | 0 | | 9 | 1 | | 8 | 0 | | 7 | 0 | | 6 | 0 | | 5 | 0 | | 4 | 0 | | 3 | 5 | | 2 | 7 | | 1 | 9 | | 0 | 12 | How should I modify the query to get such result? Thanks.

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• JSON DATA formatting in WebAPI

  - by user1736299

  public class CalendarController : ApiController { Events[] events = new Events[] { new Events { title= "event1", start = System.DateTime.UtcNow, end = System.DateTime.UtcNow }, new Events { title= "event2", start = System.DateTime.UtcNow, end = System.DateTime.UtcNow }, new Events { title= "event3", start = System.DateTime.UtcNow, end = System.DateTime.UtcNow} }; public IEnumerable<Events> GetAllCalendar() { return events; } The JSON result for the above is [{ "title": "event1", "start": "2012-12-05T22:52:35.6471712Z", "end": "2012-12-05T22:52:35.6471712Z"}, { "title": "event2", "start": "2012-12-05T22:52:35.6471712Z", "end": "2012-12-05T22:52:35.6471712Z"}, { "title": "event3", "start": "2012-12-05T22:52:35.6471712Z", "end": "2012-12-05T22:52:35.6471712Z" }]? How to create the same JSON result without the double quotes but single quote. How to get the date in the format of ‘YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS’ Thank you, Smith

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• java and mysql geting shortest path from to two points

  - by shaharnakash

  hi i have a mysql database that hold id ,name , oneid , twoid , size 1 1 1 2 4 2 2 1 3 1 3 3 2 1 74 4 4 2 4 2 5 5 2 5 12 6 6 4 2 12 7 7 4 6 74 8 8 4 7 12 9 9 3 5 32 10 10 3 8 22 11 11 5 3 66 12 12 5 6 76 13 13 5 9 33 14 14 6 10 11 15 15 6 7 21 16 16 8 3 12 17 17 8 9 10 18 18 9 8 2 19 19 9 10 72 20 20 10 6 31 21 21 10 7 7 22 22 10 9 18 23 23 7 6 8 i want to do Dijkstra algorithm but i cant get the details right if i got the contents to class Conn id ,name , oneid , twoid , size how do i find the path from oneid 1 to twoid 7 and believe me i triad many Dijkstra algorithms so please dont give me only reference

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• BUG - ProteaAudio with Lua does not work

  - by Stackfan

  Any idea why i cant use or cant build in Lua the ProTeaAudio ? 1) Exist [root@example ~]# yum install lua-devel Loaded plugins: presto, refresh-packagekit Setting up Install Process Package lua-devel-5.1.4-4.fc12.i686 already installed and latest version Nothing to do 2) get failed to build the RtAudio [sun@example proteaAudio_src_090204]$ make g++ -O2 -Wall -DHAVE_GETTIMEOFDAY -D__LINUX_ALSA__ -Irtaudio -Irtaudio/include -I../lua/src -I../archive/baseCode/include -c rtaudio/RtAudio.cpp -o rtaudio/RtAudio.o rtaudio/RtAudio.cpp:365: error: no ‘unsigned int RtApi::getStreamSampleRate()’ member function declared in class ‘RtApi’ rtaudio/RtAudio.cpp: In member function ‘virtual bool RtApiAlsa::probeDeviceOpen(unsigned int, RtApi::StreamMode, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int, RtAudioFormat, unsigned int*, RtAudio::StreamOptions*)’: rtaudio/RtAudio.cpp:5835: error: ‘RTAUDIO_SCHEDULE_REALTIME’ was not declared in this scope rtaudio/RtAudio.cpp:5837: error: ‘struct RtAudio::StreamOptions’ has no member named ‘priority’ make: *** [rtaudio/RtAudio.o] Error 1 [sun@example proteaAudio_src_090204]$ Lua 5.1.4 Copyright (C) 1994-2008 Lua.org, PUC-Rio > require("proAudioRt"); stdin:1: module 'proAudioRt' not found: no field package.preload['proAudioRt'] no file './proAudioRt.lua' no file '/usr/share/lua/5.1/proAudioRt.lua' no file '/usr/share/lua/5.1/proAudioRt/init.lua' no file '/usr/lib/lua/5.1/proAudioRt.lua' no file '/usr/lib/lua/5.1/proAudioRt/init.lua' no file './proAudioRt.so' no file '/usr/lib/lua/5.1/proAudioRt.so' no file '/usr/lib/lua/5.1/loadall.so' stack traceback: [C]: in function 'require' stdin:1: in main chunk [C]: ?

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• How to uninstall software in Linux .

  - by TopCoder

  how to uninstall software in linux. I am facing issues installing No machine setup(NX)

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• SEO Url Redirect/Rewrite Using Database Managed Links

  - by user204245

  I have searched left and right. And i am trying to find a script or a method on how I can store links in database and use them for redirection. This is an E-commerce project and I am looking for something to manage Product and system URL from database. Something Similar like magneto dose. Basically anything after the domain say like domain.com/demo/12/my_iphone so now demo/12/my_iphone will be sent to database for querry and in databases there will be a destination URL which could be productlisting.php?searchstring=iphones so the user will see link domain.com/demo/12/my_iphone but actualy he will be seeing productlisting.php?searchstring=iphones basically demo/12/my_iphone = productlisting.php?searchstring=iphones and tomorrow if the user want to edit demo/12/my_iphone to demo/12/myiphone he can just do so using simple form which will update in the database. How can i achieve this ?

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• gitk without X11 [closed]

  - by svnpenn

  It has been noted here that Tcl/Tk, and in turn gitk now require X11 under Cygwin. Having run it before and after this change it seems like extreme overkill. I use gitk very lightly, mostly sticking to simply command line git. How could I go about using gitk without X11, perhaps manually installing old version of Tcl/Tk? After some tinkering, I came up with this script that allows gitk without X11 #!/bin/sh # Requires Cygwin packages: git, make, mingw64-i686-gcc-core, wget # Install Tcl wget prdownloads.sf.net/tcl/tcl8.5.12-src.tar.gz tar xf tcl8.5.12-src.tar.gz cd tcl8.5.12/win ./configure --host i686-w64-mingw32 make install cd - # Install Tk wget prdownloads.sf.net/tcl/tk8.5.12-src.tar.gz tar xf tk8.5.12-src.tar.gz cd tk8.5.12/win ./configure --host i686-w64-mingw32 make install cd - # Install gitk cd /usr/local/bin wget raw.github.com/git/git/master/gitk-git/gitk chmod 700 gitk echo 'cygpath -m "$1" | xargs -I% wish85 % -- ${@:3}' > wish cd -

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• Refactoring if/else logic

  - by David

  I have a java class with a thousand line method of if/else logic like this: if (userType == "admin") { if (age > 12) { if (location == "USA") { // do stuff } else if (location == "Mexico") { // do something slightly different than the US case } } else if (age < 12 && age > 4) { if (location == "USA") { // do something slightly different than the age > 12 US case } else if (location == "Mexico") { // do something slightly different } } } else if (userType == "student") { if (age > 12) { if (location == "USA") { // do stuff } else if (location == "Mexico") { // do something slightly different than the US case } } else if (age < 12 && age > 4) { if (location == "USA") { // do something slightly different than the age > 12 US case } else if (location == "Mexico") { // do something slightly different } } How should I refactor this into something more managable?

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• MySQL query problem

  - by SaltLake

  I've got MySQL table CREATE TABLE stat ( ID int NOT NULL auto_increment PRIMARY KEY, TIMESTAMP_X timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, # ... some other fields ... ) which contains statistics about site visitors. For getting visits per hour I use SELECT hour(TIMESTAMP_X) as HOUR , count(*) AS HOUR_STAT FROM cms_webstat GROUP BY HOUR ORDER BY HOUR DESC which gives me | HOUR | HOUR_STAT | | 24 | 15 | | 23 | 12 | | 22 | 9 | | 20 | 3 | | 18 | 2 | | 15 | 1 | | 12 | 3 | | 9 | 1 | | 3 | 5 | | 2 | 7 | | 1 | 9 | | 0 | 12 | And I'd like to get following: | HOUR | HOUR_STAT | | 24 | 15 | | 23 | 12 | | 22 | 9 | | 21 | 0 | | 20 | 3 | | 19 | 0 | | 18 | 2 | | 17 | 0 | | 16 | 0 | | 15 | 1 | | 14 | 0 | | 13 | 0 | | 12 | 3 | | 11 | 0 | | 10 | 0 | | 9 | 1 | | 8 | 0 | | 7 | 0 | | 6 | 0 | | 5 | 0 | | 4 | 0 | | 3 | 5 | | 2 | 7 | | 1 | 9 | | 0 | 12 | How should I modify the query to get such result? Thanks.

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• Setting execute permission on a Fedora 11 (host and guest) shared folder file is not working for me.

  - by pmr

  I have set up a VirtualBox Fedora 11 (i386) guest on my Fedora 11 (x86_64) host system with shared folders enabled. I mount the shared folder successfully with the recommended "mount -t vboxsf share /shareddir -o rw,exec,uid=500,gid=100" command. I can successfully read and write files in the share from the guest but I cannot set the execute bit on any file in the share from the guest system. Nothing in GoogleSpace seems to address my issue let alone provide a solution. fwiw, selinux is disabled on both the guest and host and the shared folder is an ext4 file system.

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• Installing PHP APC in Fedora - Unable to initialize module ?

  - by sri

  I have been trying to install APC on my Fedora Apache Server for showing progress bar while uploading files. But I am getting the following PHP Warning while starting XAMPP. Starting XAMPP for Linux 1.7.1... PHP Warning: PHP Startup: apc: Unable to initialize module Module compiled with module API=20090626, debug=0, thread-safety=0 PHP compiled with module API=20060613, debug=0, thread-safety=0 These options need to matchin Unknown on line 0 XAMPP: Starting Apache with SSL (and PHP5)... XAMPP: Starting MySQL... XAMPP: Another FTP daemon is already running. XAMPP for Linux started. My Server Details : OS : Fedora-12 XAMPP version : 1.7.1 PHP Version : 5.2.9 APC Version : 3.1.9 I have tried the process as is mentioned in here : 1)http://2bits.com/articles/installing-php-apc-gnulinux-centos-5.html 2)http://stevejenkins.com/blog/2011/08/how-to-install-apc-alternative-php-cache-on-centos-5-6/

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• 1.6 * 12 * 15 is the volume of some material. How many cubes can be inserted into that?

  - by Neelu

  1.6 * 12 * 15 is the volume of some material. How many cubes can be inserted into that? Can anyone tell me where shall i post this question? Related to mathematics Thanks in advance

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• Javascript enabled but not enabled in Firefox browser

  - by k s subramanisn

  I had installed Java ii icedtea-6-jre-cacao 6b24-1.11.5-0ubuntu1~12.04.1 Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using Cacao ii icedtea-6-jre-jamvm 6b24-1.11.5-0ubuntu1~12.04.1 Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using JamVM ii openjdk-6-jre-headless 6b24-1.11.5-0ubuntu1~12.04.1 OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless) ii openjdk-6-jre-lib 6b24-1.11.5-0ubuntu1~12.04.1 OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture and had installed addon in Firefox browser QuickJava 1.8.0. And still keep getting message Javascript enabled, but Java is not enabled in Firefox browser while trying to use on-line bill payment facility.

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• Upload File to Windows Azure Blob in Chunks through ASP.NET MVC, JavaScript and HTML5

  - by Shaun

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/shaunxu/archive/2013/07/01/upload-file-to-windows-azure-blob-in-chunks-through-asp.net.aspxMany people are using Windows Azure Blob Storage to store their data in the cloud. Blob storage provides 99.9% availability with easy-to-use API through .NET SDK and HTTP REST. For example, we can store JavaScript files, images, documents in blob storage when we are building an ASP.NET web application on a Web Role in Windows Azure. Or we can store our VHD files in blob and mount it as a hard drive in our cloud service. If you are familiar with Windows Azure, you should know that there are two kinds of blob: page blob and block blob. The page blob is optimized for random read and write, which is very useful when you need to store VHD files. The block blob is optimized for sequential/chunk read and write, which has more common usage. Since we can upload block blob in blocks through BlockBlob.PutBlock, and them commit them as a whole blob with invoking the BlockBlob.PutBlockList, it is very powerful to upload large files, as we can upload blocks in parallel, and provide pause-resume feature. There are many documents, articles and blog posts described on how to upload a block blob. Most of them are focus on the server side, which means when you had received a big file, stream or binaries, how to upload them into blob storage in blocks through .NET SDK.  But the problem is, how can we upload these large files from client side, for example, a browser. This questioned to me when I was working with a Chinese customer to help them build a network disk production on top of azure. The end users upload their files from the web portal, and then the files will be stored in blob storage from the Web Role. My goal is to find the best way to transform the file from client (end user’s machine) to the server (Web Role) through browser. In this post I will demonstrate and describe what I had done, to upload large file in chunks with high speed, and save them as blocks into Windows Azure Blob Storage.   Traditional Upload, Works with Limitation The simplest way to implement this requirement is to create a web page with a form that contains a file input element and a submit button. 1: @using (Html.BeginForm("About", "Index", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" })) 2: { 3: <input type="file" name="file" /> 4: <input type="submit" value="upload" /> 5: } And then in the backend controller, we retrieve the whole content of this file and upload it in to the blob storage through .NET SDK. We can split the file in blocks and upload them in parallel and commit. The code had been well blogged in the community. 1: [HttpPost] 2: public ActionResult About(HttpPostedFileBase file) 3: { 4: var container = _client.GetContainerReference("test"); 5: container.CreateIfNotExists(); 6: var blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference(file.FileName); 7: var blockDataList = new Dictionary<string, byte[]>(); 8: using (var stream = file.InputStream) 9: { 10: var blockSizeInKB = 1024; 11: var offset = 0; 12: var index = 0; 13: while (offset < stream.Length) 14: { 15: var readLength = Math.Min(1024 * blockSizeInKB, (int)stream.Length - offset); 16: var blockData = new byte[readLength]; 17: offset += stream.Read(blockData, 0, readLength); 18: blockDataList.Add(Convert.ToBase64String(BitConverter.GetBytes(index)), blockData); 19:  20: index++; 21: } 22: } 23:  24: Parallel.ForEach(blockDataList, (bi) => 25: { 26: blob.PutBlock(bi.Key, new MemoryStream(bi.Value), null); 27: }); 28: blob.PutBlockList(blockDataList.Select(b => b.Key).ToArray()); 29:  30: return RedirectToAction("About"); 31: } This works perfect if we selected an image, a music or a small video to upload. But if I selected a large file, let’s say a 6GB HD-movie, after upload for about few minutes the page will be shown as below and the upload will be terminated. In ASP.NET there is a limitation of request length and the maximized request length is defined in the web.config file. It’s a number which less than about 4GB. So if we want to upload a really big file, we cannot simply implement in this way. Also, in Windows Azure, a cloud service network load balancer will terminate the connection if exceed the timeout period. From my test the timeout looks like 2 - 3 minutes. Hence, when we need to upload a large file we cannot just use the basic HTML elements. Besides the limitation mentioned above, the simple HTML file upload cannot provide rich upload experience such as chunk upload, pause and pause-resume. So we need to find a better way to upload large file from the client to the server.   Upload in Chunks through HTML5 and JavaScript In order to break those limitation mentioned above we will try to upload the large file in chunks. This takes some benefit to us such as - No request size limitation: Since we upload in chunks, we can define the request size for each chunks regardless how big the entire file is. - No timeout problem: The size of chunks are controlled by us, which means we should be able to make sure request for each chunk upload will not exceed the timeout period of both ASP.NET and Windows Azure load balancer. It was a big challenge to upload big file in chunks until we have HTML5. There are some new features and improvements introduced in HTML5 and we will use them to implement our solution.   In HTML5, the File interface had been improved with a new method called “slice”. It can be used to read part of the file by specifying the start byte index and the end byte index. For example if the entire file was 1024 bytes, file.slice(512, 768) will read the part of this file from the 512nd byte to 768th byte, and return a new object of interface called "Blob”, which you can treat as an array of bytes. In fact,  a Blob object represents a file-like object of immutable, raw data. The File interface is based on Blob, inheriting blob functionality and expanding it to support files on the user's system. For more information about the Blob please refer here. File and Blob is very useful to implement the chunk upload. We will use File interface to represent the file the user selected from the browser and then use File.slice to read the file in chunks in the size we wanted. For example, if we wanted to upload a 10MB file with 512KB chunks, then we can read it in 512KB blobs by using File.slice in a loop.   Assuming we have a web page as below. User can select a file, an input box to specify the block size in KB and a button to start upload. 1: <div> 2: <input type="file" id="upload_files" name="files[]" /><br /> 3: Block Size: <input type="number" id="block_size" value="512" name="block_size" />KB<br /> 4: <input type="button" id="upload_button_blob" name="upload" value="upload (blob)" /> 5: </div> Then we can have the JavaScript function to upload the file in chunks when user clicked the button. 1: <script type="text/javascript"> 1: 2: $(function () { 3: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 4: }); 5: });</script> Firstly we need to ensure the client browser supports the interfaces we are going to use. Just try to invoke the File, Blob and FormData from the “window” object. If any of them is “undefined” the condition result will be “false” which means your browser doesn’t support these premium feature and it’s time for you to get your browser updated. FormData is another new feature we are going to use in the future. It could generate a temporary form for us. We will use this interface to create a form with chunk and associated metadata when invoked the service through ajax. 1: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 2: // assert the browser support html5 3: if (window.File && window.Blob && window.FormData) { 4: alert("Your brwoser is awesome, let's rock!"); 5: } 6: else { 7: alert("Oh man plz update to a modern browser before try is cool stuff out."); 8: return; 9: } 10: }); Each browser supports these interfaces by their own implementation and currently the Blob, File and File.slice are supported by Chrome 21, FireFox 13, IE 10, Opera 12 and Safari 5.1 or higher. After that we worked on the files the user selected one by one since in HTML5, user can select multiple files in one file input box. 1: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 2: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 3: var file = files[i]; 4: var fileSize = file.size; 5: var fileName = file.name; 6: } Next, we calculated the start index and end index for each chunks based on the size the user specified from the browser. We put them into an array with the file name and the index, which will be used when we upload chunks into Windows Azure Blob Storage as blocks since we need to specify the target blob name and the block index. At the same time we will store the list of all indexes into another variant which will be used to commit blocks into blob in Azure Storage once all chunks had been uploaded successfully. 1: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 2: // assert the browser support html5 3: ... ... 4: // start to upload each files in chunks 5: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 6: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 7: var file = files[i]; 8: var fileSize = file.size; 9: var fileName = file.name; 10:  11: // calculate the start and end byte index for each blocks(chunks) 12: // with the index, file name and index list for future using 13: var blockSizeInKB = $("#block_size").val(); 14: var blockSize = blockSizeInKB * 1024; 15: var blocks = []; 16: var offset = 0; 17: var index = 0; 18: var list = ""; 19: while (offset < fileSize) { 20: var start = offset; 21: var end = Math.min(offset + blockSize, fileSize); 22:  23: blocks.push({ 24: name: fileName, 25: index: index, 26: start: start, 27: end: end 28: }); 29: list += index + ","; 30:  31: offset = end; 32: index++; 33: } 34: } 35: }); Now we have all chunks’ information ready. The next step should be upload them one by one to the server side, and at the server side when received a chunk it will upload as a block into Blob Storage, and finally commit them with the index list through BlockBlobClient.PutBlockList. But since all these invokes are ajax calling, which means not synchronized call. So we need to introduce a new JavaScript library to help us coordinate the asynchronize operation, which named “async.js”. You can download this JavaScript library here, and you can find the document here. I will not explain this library too much in this post. We will put all procedures we want to execute as a function array, and pass into the proper function defined in async.js to let it help us to control the execution sequence, in series or in parallel. Hence we will define an array and put the function for chunk upload into this array. 1: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 2: // assert the browser support html5 3: ... ... 4:  5: // start to upload each files in chunks 6: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 7: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 8: var file = files[i]; 9: var fileSize = file.size; 10: var fileName = file.name; 11: // calculate the start and end byte index for each blocks(chunks) 12: // with the index, file name and index list for future using 13: ... ... 14:  15: // define the function array and push all chunk upload operation into this array 16: blocks.forEach(function (block) { 17: putBlocks.push(function (callback) { 18: }); 19: }); 20: } 21: }); 22: }); As you can see, I used File.slice method to read each chunks based on the start and end byte index we calculated previously, and constructed a temporary HTML form with the file name, chunk index and chunk data through another new feature in HTML5 named FormData. Then post this form to the backend server through jQuery.ajax. This is the key part of our solution. 1: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 2: // assert the browser support html5 3: ... ... 4: // start to upload each files in chunks 5: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 6: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 7: var file = files[i]; 8: var fileSize = file.size; 9: var fileName = file.name; 10: // calculate the start and end byte index for each blocks(chunks) 11: // with the index, file name and index list for future using 12: ... ... 13: // define the function array and push all chunk upload operation into this array 14: blocks.forEach(function (block) { 15: putBlocks.push(function (callback) { 16: // load blob based on the start and end index for each chunks 17: var blob = file.slice(block.start, block.end); 18: // put the file name, index and blob into a temporary from 19: var fd = new FormData(); 20: fd.append("name", block.name); 21: fd.append("index", block.index); 22: fd.append("file", blob); 23: // post the form to backend service (asp.net mvc controller action) 24: $.ajax({ 25: url: "/Home/UploadInFormData", 26: data: fd, 27: processData: false, 28: contentType: "multipart/form-data", 29: type: "POST", 30: success: function (result) { 31: if (!result.success) { 32: alert(result.error); 33: } 34: callback(null, block.index); 35: } 36: }); 37: }); 38: }); 39: } 40: }); Then we will invoke these functions one by one by using the async.js. And once all functions had been executed successfully I invoked another ajax call to the backend service to commit all these chunks (blocks) as the blob in Windows Azure Storage. 1: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 2: // assert the browser support html5 3: ... ... 4: // start to upload each files in chunks 5: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 6: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 7: var file = files[i]; 8: var fileSize = file.size; 9: var fileName = file.name; 10: // calculate the start and end byte index for each blocks(chunks) 11: // with the index, file name and index list for future using 12: ... ... 13: // define the function array and push all chunk upload operation into this array 14: ... ... 15: // invoke the functions one by one 16: // then invoke the commit ajax call to put blocks into blob in azure storage 17: async.series(putBlocks, function (error, result) { 18: var data = { 19: name: fileName, 20: list: list 21: }; 22: $.post("/Home/Commit", data, function (result) { 23: if (!result.success) { 24: alert(result.error); 25: } 26: else { 27: alert("done!"); 28: } 29: }); 30: }); 31: } 32: }); That’s all in the client side. The outline of our logic would be - Calculate the start and end byte index for each chunks based on the block size. - Defined the functions of reading the chunk form file and upload the content to the backend service through ajax. - Execute the functions defined in previous step with “async.js”. - Commit the chunks by invoking the backend service in Windows Azure Storage finally.   Save Chunks as Blocks into Blob Storage In above we finished the client size JavaScript code. It uploaded the file in chunks to the backend service which we are going to implement in this step. We will use ASP.NET MVC as our backend service, and it will receive the chunks, upload into Windows Azure Bob Storage in blocks, then finally commit as one blob. As in the client side we uploaded chunks by invoking the ajax call to the URL "/Home/UploadInFormData", I created a new action under the Index controller and it only accepts HTTP POST request. 1: [HttpPost] 2: public JsonResult UploadInFormData() 3: { 4: var error = string.Empty; 5: try 6: { 7: } 8: catch (Exception e) 9: { 10: error = e.ToString(); 11: } 12:  13: return new JsonResult() 14: { 15: Data = new 16: { 17: success = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error), 18: error = error 19: } 20: }; 21: } Then I retrieved the file name, index and the chunk content from the Request.Form object, which was passed from our client side. And then, used the Windows Azure SDK to create a blob container (in this case we will use the container named “test”.) and create a blob reference with the blob name (same as the file name). Then uploaded the chunk as a block of this blob with the index, since in Blob Storage each block must have an index (ID) associated with so that finally we can put all blocks as one blob by specifying their block ID list. 1: [HttpPost] 2: public JsonResult UploadInFormData() 3: { 4: var error = string.Empty; 5: try 6: { 7: var name = Request.Form["name"]; 8: var index = int.Parse(Request.Form["index"]); 9: var file = Request.Files[0]; 10: var id = Convert.ToBase64String(BitConverter.GetBytes(index)); 11:  12: var container = _client.GetContainerReference("test"); 13: container.CreateIfNotExists(); 14: var blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference(name); 15: blob.PutBlock(id, file.InputStream, null); 16: } 17: catch (Exception e) 18: { 19: error = e.ToString(); 20: } 21:  22: return new JsonResult() 23: { 24: Data = new 25: { 26: success = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error), 27: error = error 28: } 29: }; 30: } Next, I created another action to commit the blocks into blob once all chunks had been uploaded. Similarly, I retrieved the blob name from the Request.Form. I also retrieved the chunks ID list, which is the block ID list from the Request.Form in a string format, split them as a list, then invoked the BlockBlob.PutBlockList method. After that our blob will be shown in the container and ready to be download. 1: [HttpPost] 2: public JsonResult Commit() 3: { 4: var error = string.Empty; 5: try 6: { 7: var name = Request.Form["name"]; 8: var list = Request.Form["list"]; 9: var ids = list 10: .Split(',') 11: .Where(id => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(id)) 12: .Select(id => Convert.ToBase64String(BitConverter.GetBytes(int.Parse(id)))) 13: .ToArray(); 14:  15: var container = _client.GetContainerReference("test"); 16: container.CreateIfNotExists(); 17: var blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference(name); 18: blob.PutBlockList(ids); 19: } 20: catch (Exception e) 21: { 22: error = e.ToString(); 23: } 24:  25: return new JsonResult() 26: { 27: Data = new 28: { 29: success = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error), 30: error = error 31: } 32: }; 33: } Now we finished all code we need. The whole process of uploading would be like this below. Below is the full client side JavaScript code. 1: <script type="text/javascript" src="~/Scripts/async.js"></script> 2: <script type="text/javascript"> 3: $(function () { 4: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 5: // assert the browser support html5 6: if (window.File && window.Blob && window.FormData) { 7: alert("Your brwoser is awesome, let's rock!"); 8: } 9: else { 10: alert("Oh man plz update to a modern browser before try is cool stuff out."); 11: return; 12: } 13:  14: // start to upload each files in chunks 15: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 16: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 17: var file = files[i]; 18: var fileSize = file.size; 19: var fileName = file.name; 20:  21: // calculate the start and end byte index for each blocks(chunks) 22: // with the index, file name and index list for future using 23: var blockSizeInKB = $("#block_size").val(); 24: var blockSize = blockSizeInKB * 1024; 25: var blocks = []; 26: var offset = 0; 27: var index = 0; 28: var list = ""; 29: while (offset < fileSize) { 30: var start = offset; 31: var end = Math.min(offset + blockSize, fileSize); 32:  33: blocks.push({ 34: name: fileName, 35: index: index, 36: start: start, 37: end: end 38: }); 39: list += index + ","; 40:  41: offset = end; 42: index++; 43: } 44:  45: // define the function array and push all chunk upload operation into this array 46: var putBlocks = []; 47: blocks.forEach(function (block) { 48: putBlocks.push(function (callback) { 49: // load blob based on the start and end index for each chunks 50: var blob = file.slice(block.start, block.end); 51: // put the file name, index and blob into a temporary from 52: var fd = new FormData(); 53: fd.append("name", block.name); 54: fd.append("index", block.index); 55: fd.append("file", blob); 56: // post the form to backend service (asp.net mvc controller action) 57: $.ajax({ 58: url: "/Home/UploadInFormData", 59: data: fd, 60: processData: false, 61: contentType: "multipart/form-data", 62: type: "POST", 63: success: function (result) { 64: if (!result.success) { 65: alert(result.error); 66: } 67: callback(null, block.index); 68: } 69: }); 70: }); 71: }); 72:  73: // invoke the functions one by one 74: // then invoke the commit ajax call to put blocks into blob in azure storage 75: async.series(putBlocks, function (error, result) { 76: var data = { 77: name: fileName, 78: list: list 79: }; 80: $.post("/Home/Commit", data, function (result) { 81: if (!result.success) { 82: alert(result.error); 83: } 84: else { 85: alert("done!"); 86: } 87: }); 88: }); 89: } 90: }); 91: }); 92: </script> And below is the full ASP.NET MVC controller code. 1: public class HomeController : Controller 2: { 3: private CloudStorageAccount _account; 4: private CloudBlobClient _client; 5:  6: public HomeController() 7: : base() 8: { 9: _account = CloudStorageAccount.Parse(CloudConfigurationManager.GetSetting("DataConnectionString")); 10: _client = _account.CreateCloudBlobClient(); 11: } 12:  13: public ActionResult Index() 14: { 15: ViewBag.Message = "Modify this template to jump-start your ASP.NET MVC application."; 16:  17: return View(); 18: } 19:  20: [HttpPost] 21: public JsonResult UploadInFormData() 22: { 23: var error = string.Empty; 24: try 25: { 26: var name = Request.Form["name"]; 27: var index = int.Parse(Request.Form["index"]); 28: var file = Request.Files[0]; 29: var id = Convert.ToBase64String(BitConverter.GetBytes(index)); 30:  31: var container = _client.GetContainerReference("test"); 32: container.CreateIfNotExists(); 33: var blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference(name); 34: blob.PutBlock(id, file.InputStream, null); 35: } 36: catch (Exception e) 37: { 38: error = e.ToString(); 39: } 40:  41: return new JsonResult() 42: { 43: Data = new 44: { 45: success = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error), 46: error = error 47: } 48: }; 49: } 50:  51: [HttpPost] 52: public JsonResult Commit() 53: { 54: var error = string.Empty; 55: try 56: { 57: var name = Request.Form["name"]; 58: var list = Request.Form["list"]; 59: var ids = list 60: .Split(',') 61: .Where(id => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(id)) 62: .Select(id => Convert.ToBase64String(BitConverter.GetBytes(int.Parse(id)))) 63: .ToArray(); 64:  65: var container = _client.GetContainerReference("test"); 66: container.CreateIfNotExists(); 67: var blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference(name); 68: blob.PutBlockList(ids); 69: } 70: catch (Exception e) 71: { 72: error = e.ToString(); 73: } 74:  75: return new JsonResult() 76: { 77: Data = new 78: { 79: success = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(error), 80: error = error 81: } 82: }; 83: } 84: } And if we selected a file from the browser we will see our application will upload chunks in the size we specified to the server through ajax call in background, and then commit all chunks in one blob. Then we can find the blob in our Windows Azure Blob Storage.   Optimized by Parallel Upload In previous example we just uploaded our file in chunks. This solved the problem that ASP.NET MVC request content size limitation as well as the Windows Azure load balancer timeout. But it might introduce the performance problem since we uploaded chunks in sequence. In order to improve the upload performance we could modify our client side code a bit to make the upload operation invoked in parallel. The good news is that, “async.js” library provides the parallel execution function. If you remembered the code we invoke the service to upload chunks, it utilized “async.series” which means all functions will be executed in sequence. Now we will change this code to “async.parallel”. This will invoke all functions in parallel. 1: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 2: // assert the browser support html5 3: ... ... 4: // start to upload each files in chunks 5: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 6: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 7: var file = files[i]; 8: var fileSize = file.size; 9: var fileName = file.name; 10: // calculate the start and end byte index for each blocks(chunks) 11: // with the index, file name and index list for future using 12: ... ... 13: // define the function array and push all chunk upload operation into this array 14: ... ... 15: // invoke the functions one by one 16: // then invoke the commit ajax call to put blocks into blob in azure storage 17: async.parallel(putBlocks, function (error, result) { 18: var data = { 19: name: fileName, 20: list: list 21: }; 22: $.post("/Home/Commit", data, function (result) { 23: if (!result.success) { 24: alert(result.error); 25: } 26: else { 27: alert("done!"); 28: } 29: }); 30: }); 31: } 32: }); In this way all chunks will be uploaded to the server side at the same time to maximize the bandwidth usage. This should work if the file was not very large and the chunk size was not very small. But for large file this might introduce another problem that too many ajax calls are sent to the server at the same time. So the best solution should be, upload the chunks in parallel with maximum concurrency limitation. The code below specified the concurrency limitation to 4, which means at the most only 4 ajax calls could be invoked at the same time. 1: $("#upload_button_blob").click(function () { 2: // assert the browser support html5 3: ... ... 4: // start to upload each files in chunks 5: var files = $("#upload_files")[0].files; 6: for (var i = 0; i < files.length; i++) { 7: var file = files[i]; 8: var fileSize = file.size; 9: var fileName = file.name; 10: // calculate the start and end byte index for each blocks(chunks) 11: // with the index, file name and index list for future using 12: ... ... 13: // define the function array and push all chunk upload operation into this array 14: ... ... 15: // invoke the functions one by one 16: // then invoke the commit ajax call to put blocks into blob in azure storage 17: async.parallelLimit(putBlocks, 4, function (error, result) { 18: var data = { 19: name: fileName, 20: list: list 21: }; 22: $.post("/Home/Commit", data, function (result) { 23: if (!result.success) { 24: alert(result.error); 25: } 26: else { 27: alert("done!"); 28: } 29: }); 30: }); 31: } 32: });   Summary In this post we discussed how to upload files in chunks to the backend service and then upload them into Windows Azure Blob Storage in blocks. We focused on the frontend side and leverage three new feature introduced in HTML 5 which are - File.slice: Read part of the file by specifying the start and end byte index. - Blob: File-like interface which contains the part of the file content. - FormData: Temporary form element that we can pass the chunk alone with some metadata to the backend service. Then we discussed the performance consideration of chunk uploading. Sequence upload cannot provide maximized upload speed, but the unlimited parallel upload might crash the browser and server if too many chunks. So we finally came up with the solution to upload chunks in parallel with the concurrency limitation. We also demonstrated how to utilize “async.js” JavaScript library to help us control the asynchronize call and the parallel limitation.   Regarding the chunk size and the parallel limitation value there is no “best” value. You need to test vary composition and find out the best one for your particular scenario. It depends on the local bandwidth, client machine cores and the server side (Windows Azure Cloud Service Virtual Machine) cores, memory and bandwidth. Below is one of my performance test result. The client machine was Windows 8 IE 10 with 4 cores. I was using Microsoft Cooperation Network. The web site was hosted on Windows Azure China North data center (in Beijing) with one small web role (1.7GB 1 core CPU, 1.75GB memory with 100Mbps bandwidth). The test cases were - Chunk size: 512KB, 1MB, 2MB, 4MB. - Upload Mode: Sequence, parallel (unlimited), parallel with limit (4 threads, 8 threads). - Chunk Format: base64 string, binaries. - Target file: 100MB. - Each case was tested 3 times. Below is the test result chart. Some thoughts, but not guidance or best practice: - Parallel gets better performance than series. - No significant performance improvement between parallel 4 threads and 8 threads. - Transform with binaries provides better performance than base64. - In all cases, chunk size in 1MB - 2MB gets better performance.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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• Host AngularJS (Html5Mode) in ASP.NET vNext

  - by Shaun

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/shaunxu/archive/2014/06/10/host-angularjs-html5mode-in-asp.net-vnext.aspxMicrosoft had announced ASP.NET vNext in BUILD and TechED recently and as a developer, I found that we can add features into one ASP.NET vNext application such as MVC, WebAPI, SignalR, etc.. Also it's cross platform which means I can host ASP.NET on Windows, Linux and OS X.   If you are following my blog you should knew that I'm currently working on a project which uses ASP.NET WebAPI, SignalR and AngularJS. Currently the AngularJS part is hosted by Express in Node.js while WebAPI and SignalR are hosted in ASP.NET. I was looking for a solution to host all of them in one platform so that my SignalR can utilize WebSocket. Currently AngularJS and SignalR are hosted in the same domain but different port so it has to use ServerSendEvent. It can be upgraded to WebSocket if I host both of them in the same port.   Host AngularJS in ASP.NET vNext Static File Middleware ASP.NET vNext utilizes middleware pattern to register feature it uses, which is very similar as Express in Node.js. Since AngularJS is a pure client side framework in theory what I need to do is to use ASP.NET vNext as a static file server. This is very easy as there's a build-in middleware shipped alone with ASP.NET vNext. Assuming I have "index.html" as below. 1: <html data-ng-app="demo"> 2: <head> 3: <script type="text/javascript" src="angular.js" /> 4: <script type="text/javascript" src="angular-ui-router.js" /> 5: <script type="text/javascript" src="app.js" /> 6: </head> 7: <body> 8: <h1>ASP.NET vNext with AngularJS</h1> 9: <div> 10: <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-ui-sref="view1">View 1</a> | 11: <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-ui-sref="view2">View 2</a> 12: </div> 13: <div data-ui-view></div> 14: </body> 15: </html> And the AngularJS JavaScript file as below. Notices that I have two views which only contains one line literal indicates the view name. 1: 'use strict'; 2:  3: var app = angular.module('demo', ['ui.router']); 4:  5: app.config(['$stateProvider', '$locationProvider', function ($stateProvider, $locationProvider) { 6: $stateProvider.state('view1', { 7: url: '/view1', 8: templateUrl: 'view1.html', 9: controller: 'View1Ctrl' }); 10:  11: $stateProvider.state('view2', { 12: url: '/view2', 13: templateUrl: 'view2.html', 14: controller: 'View2Ctrl' }); 15: }]); 16:  17: app.controller('View1Ctrl', function ($scope) { 18: }); 19:  20: app.controller('View2Ctrl', function ($scope) { 21: }); All AngularJS files are located in "app" folder and my ASP.NET vNext files are besides it. The "project.json" contains all dependencies I need to host static file server. 1: { 2: "dependencies": { 3: "Helios" : "0.1-alpha-*", 4: "Microsoft.AspNet.FileSystems": "0.1-alpha-*", 5: "Microsoft.AspNet.Http": "0.1-alpha-*", 6: "Microsoft.AspNet.StaticFiles": "0.1-alpha-*", 7: "Microsoft.AspNet.Hosting": "0.1-alpha-*", 8: "Microsoft.AspNet.Server.WebListener": "0.1-alpha-*" 9: }, 10: "commands": { 11: "web": "Microsoft.AspNet.Hosting server=Microsoft.AspNet.Server.WebListener server.urls=http://localhost:22222" 12: }, 13: "configurations" : { 14: "net45" : { 15: }, 16: "k10" : { 17: "System.Diagnostics.Contracts": "4.0.0.0", 18: "System.Security.Claims" : "0.1-alpha-*" 19: } 20: } 21: } Below is "Startup.cs" which is the entry file of my ASP.NET vNext. What I need to do is to let my application use FileServerMiddleware. 1: using System; 2: using Microsoft.AspNet.Builder; 3: using Microsoft.AspNet.FileSystems; 4: using Microsoft.AspNet.StaticFiles; 5:  6: namespace Shaun.AspNet.Plugins.AngularServer.Demo 7: { 8: public class Startup 9: { 10: public void Configure(IBuilder app) 11: { 12: app.UseFileServer(new FileServerOptions() { 13: EnableDirectoryBrowsing = true, 14: FileSystem = new PhysicalFileSystem(System.IO.Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "app")) 15: }); 16: } 17: } 18: } Next, I need to create "NuGet.Config" file in the PARENT folder so that when I run "kpm restore" command later it can find ASP.NET vNext NuGet package successfully. 1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2: <configuration> 3: <packageSources> 4: <add key="AspNetVNext" value="https://www.myget.org/F/aspnetvnext/api/v2" /> 5: <add key="NuGet.org" value="https://nuget.org/api/v2/" /> 6: </packageSources> 7: <packageSourceCredentials> 8: <AspNetVNext> 9: <add key="Username" value="aspnetreadonly" /> 10: <add key="ClearTextPassword" value="4d8a2d9c-7b80-4162-9978-47e918c9658c" /> 11: </AspNetVNext> 12: </packageSourceCredentials> 13: </configuration> Now I need to run "kpm restore" to resolve all dependencies of my application. Finally, use "k web" to start the application which will be a static file server on "app" sub folder in the local 22222 port.   Support AngularJS Html5Mode AngularJS works well in previous demo. But you will note that there is a "#" in the browser address. This is because by default AngularJS adds "#" next to its entry page so ensure all request will be handled by this entry page. For example, in this case my entry page is "index.html", so when I clicked "View 1" in the page the address will be changed to "/#/view1" which means it still tell the web server I'm still looking for "index.html". This works, but makes the address looks ugly. Hence AngularJS introduces a feature called Html5Mode, which will get rid off the annoying "#" from the address bar. Below is the "app.js" with Html5Mode enabled, just one line of code. 1: 'use strict'; 2:  3: var app = angular.module('demo', ['ui.router']); 4:  5: app.config(['$stateProvider', '$locationProvider', function ($stateProvider, $locationProvider) { 6: $stateProvider.state('view1', { 7: url: '/view1', 8: templateUrl: 'view1.html', 9: controller: 'View1Ctrl' }); 10:  11: $stateProvider.state('view2', { 12: url: '/view2', 13: templateUrl: 'view2.html', 14: controller: 'View2Ctrl' }); 15:  16: // enable html5mode 17: $locationProvider.html5Mode(true); 18: }]); 19:  20: app.controller('View1Ctrl', function ($scope) { 21: }); 22:  23: app.controller('View2Ctrl', function ($scope) { 24: }); Then let's went to the root path of our website and click "View 1" you will see there's no "#" in the address. But the problem is, if we hit F5 the browser will be turn to blank. This is because in this mode the browser told the web server I want static file named "view1" but there's no file on the server. So underlying our web server, which is built by ASP.NET vNext, responded 404. To fix this problem we need to create our own ASP.NET vNext middleware. What it needs to do is firstly try to respond the static file request with the default StaticFileMiddleware. If the response status code was 404 then change the request path value to the entry page and try again. 1: public class AngularServerMiddleware 2: { 3: private readonly AngularServerOptions _options; 4: private readonly RequestDelegate _next; 5: private readonly StaticFileMiddleware _innerMiddleware; 6:  7: public AngularServerMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, AngularServerOptions options) 8: { 9: _next = next; 10: _options = options; 11:  12: _innerMiddleware = new StaticFileMiddleware(next, options.FileServerOptions.StaticFileOptions); 13: } 14:  15: public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context) 16: { 17: // try to resolve the request with default static file middleware 18: await _innerMiddleware.Invoke(context); 19: Console.WriteLine(context.Request.Path + ": " + context.Response.StatusCode); 20: // route to root path if the status code is 404 21: // and need support angular html5mode 22: if (context.Response.StatusCode == 404 && _options.Html5Mode) 23: { 24: context.Request.Path = _options.EntryPath; 25: await _innerMiddleware.Invoke(context); 26: Console.WriteLine(">> " + context.Request.Path + ": " + context.Response.StatusCode); 27: } 28: } 29: } We need an option class where user can specify the host root path and the entry page path. 1: public class AngularServerOptions 2: { 3: public FileServerOptions FileServerOptions { get; set; } 4:  5: public PathString EntryPath { get; set; } 6:  7: public bool Html5Mode 8: { 9: get 10: { 11: return EntryPath.HasValue; 12: } 13: } 14:  15: public AngularServerOptions() 16: { 17: FileServerOptions = new FileServerOptions(); 18: EntryPath = PathString.Empty; 19: } 20: } We also need an extension method so that user can append this feature in "Startup.cs" easily. 1: public static class AngularServerExtension 2: { 3: public static IBuilder UseAngularServer(this IBuilder builder, string rootPath, string entryPath) 4: { 5: var options = new AngularServerOptions() 6: { 7: FileServerOptions = new FileServerOptions() 8: { 9: EnableDirectoryBrowsing = false, 10: FileSystem = new PhysicalFileSystem(System.IO.Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, rootPath)) 11: }, 12: EntryPath = new PathString(entryPath) 13: }; 14:  15: builder.UseDefaultFiles(options.FileServerOptions.DefaultFilesOptions); 16:  17: return builder.Use(next => new AngularServerMiddleware(next, options).Invoke); 18: } 19: } Now with these classes ready we will change our "Startup.cs", use this middleware replace the default one, tell the server try to load "index.html" file if it cannot find resource. The code below is just for demo purpose. I just tried to load "index.html" in all cases once the StaticFileMiddleware returned 404. In fact we need to validation to make sure this is an AngularJS route request instead of a normal static file request. 1: using System; 2: using Microsoft.AspNet.Builder; 3: using Microsoft.AspNet.FileSystems; 4: using Microsoft.AspNet.StaticFiles; 5: using Shaun.AspNet.Plugins.AngularServer; 6:  7: namespace Shaun.AspNet.Plugins.AngularServer.Demo 8: { 9: public class Startup 10: { 11: public void Configure(IBuilder app) 12: { 13: app.UseAngularServer("app", "/index.html"); 14: } 15: } 16: } Now let's run "k web" again and try to refresh our browser and we can see the page loaded successfully. In the console window we can find the original request got 404 and we try to find "index.html" and return the correct result.   Summary In this post I introduced how to use ASP.NET vNext to host AngularJS application as a static file server. I also demonstrated how to extend ASP.NET vNext, so that it supports AngularJS Html5Mode. You can download the source code here.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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