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• Drawing only part of a texture OpenGL ES iPhone

  - by Ben Reeves

  ..Continued on from my previous question I have a 320*480 RGB565 framebuffer which I wish to draw using OpenGL ES 1.0 on the iPhone. - (void)setupView { glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteriv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_CROP_RECT_OES, (int[4]){0, 0, 480, 320}); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); } // Updates the OpenGL view when the timer fires - (void)drawView { // Make sure that you are drawing to the current context [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context]; //Get the 320*480 buffer const int8_t * frameBuf = [source getNextBuffer]; //Create enough storage for a 512x512 power of 2 texture int8_t lBuf[2*512*512]; memcpy (lBuf, frameBuf, 320*480*2); //Upload the texture glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 512, 512, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5, lBuf); //Draw it glDrawTexiOES(0, 0, 1, 480, 320); [context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES]; } If I produce the original texture in 512*512 the output is cropped incorrectly but other than that looks fine. However using the require output size of 320*480 everything is distorted and messed up. I'm pretty sure it's the way I'm copying the framebuffer into the new 512*512 buffer. I have tried this routine int8_t lBuf[512][512][2]; const char * frameDataP = frameData; for (int ii = 0; ii < 480; ++ii) { memcpy(lBuf[ii], frameDataP, 320); frameDataP += 320; } Which is better, but the width appears to be stretched and the height is messed up. Any help appreciated.

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• Drawing only part of a

  - by Ben Reeves

  ..Continued on from my previous question I have a 320*480 RGB565 framebuffer which I wish to draw using OpenGL ES 1.0 on the iPhone. - (void)setupView { glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteriv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_CROP_RECT_OES, (int[4]){0, 0, 480, 320}); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); } // Updates the OpenGL view when the timer fires - (void)drawView { // Make sure that you are drawing to the current context [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context]; //Get the 320*480 buffer const int8_t * frameBuf = [source getNextBuffer]; //Create enough storage for a 512x512 power of 2 texture int8_t lBuf[2*512*512]; memcpy (lBuf, frameBuf, 320*480*2); //Upload the texture glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 512, 512, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5, lBuf); //Draw it glDrawTexiOES(0, 0, 1, 480, 320); [context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES]; } If I produce the original texture in 512*512 the output is cropped incorrectly but other than that looks fine. However using the require output size of 320*480 everything is distorted and messed up. I'm pretty sure it's the way I'm copying the framebuffer into the new 512*512 buffer. I have tried this routine int8_t lBuf[512][512][2]; const char * frameDataP = frameData; for (int ii = 0; ii < 480; ++ii) { memcpy(lBuf[ii], frameDataP, 320); frameDataP += 320; } Which is better, but the width appears to be stretched and the height is messed up. Any help appreciated.

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• JavaScript (SVG drawing): Positioning x amount of points in an area

  - by Jack

  I'm using http://raphaeljs.com/ to try and draw multiple small circles. The problem I'm having is that the canvas has a fixed width, and if I want to draw, say, 1000 circles, they don't wrap onto a 'new line' (because you have to specify the xy position of each circle). E.g. I want this: .................................................. to look like this: ............................ ...................... At the moment I'm doing this: for ( var i = 0; i < 1000; i++ ) { var multiplier = i*3; if ( i <= 50 ) { paper.circle((2*multiplier),2,2); } else if ( i >= 51 && i <= 101 ) { paper.circle((2*multiplier) - 304,8,2); } else if ( i >= 152 && i <= 202 ) { paper.circle((2*multiplier) - 910,14,2); } } For reference: circle(x co-ord, y co-ord, radius) This is messy. I have to add an if statement for every new line I want. Must be a better way of doing it..?

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• Inconsistent canvas drawing in Android browser

  - by user2943466

  In putting together a small canvas app I've stumbled across a weird behavior that only seems to occur in the default browser in Android. When drawing to a canvas that has the globalCompositeOperation set to 'destination-out' to act as the 'eraser' tool, Android browser sometimes acts as expected, sometimes does not update the pixels in the canvas at all. the setup: context.clearRect(0,0, canvas.width, canvas.height); context.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); context.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-out'; draw a circle to erase pixels from the canvas: context.fillStyle = '#FFFFFF'; context.beginPath(); context.arc(x,y,25,0,TWO_PI,true); context.fill(); context.closePath(); a small demo to illustrate the issue can be seen here: http://gumbojuice.com/files/source-out/ and the javascript is here: http://gumbojuice.com/files/source-out/js/main.js this has been tested in multiple desktop and mobile browsers and behaves as expected. On Android native browser after refreshing the page sometimes it works, sometimes nothing happens. I've seen other hacks that move the canvas by a pixel in order to force a redraw but this is not an ideal solution.. Thanks all.

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• Drawing animation

  - by HHHH

  I'm creating a simple app where when the user presses a button, a series of lines will be drawn on the screen and the user will be able to see these lines drawn in real time (almost like an animation). My code looks something like this (has been simplified): UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(CGSizeMake(300,300)); CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { CGContextMoveToPoint(context, i, i); CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, i+20, i+20); CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, [[UIColor blackColor] CGColor]); CGContextStrokePath(context); } UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext(); UIGraphicsEndImageContext(); My problem is that: 1) As soon as the user presses the button, the UIThread blocks until the drawing is done. 2) I can't get the lines to be drawn on the screen one at a time - I've tried setting the UIImage directly inside the loop and also tried setting a layer content inside the loop. How do I get around these problems?

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• Upgrading from 13.04 to 13.10 stops

  - by BuZZ-dEE

  The upgrade to 13.10 stops after a lot of error messages about texlive packages, that I could close. The upgrade goes then further, but now it is stopped. What can I do to initiate the process again? The following are the last messages from the command window.: g multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 47: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 47: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 47: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 47: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 59: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 59: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 59: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 59: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 59: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 72: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 86: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 86: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 86: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 98: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 98: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 109: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 116: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 130: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 130: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 130: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 130: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 130: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 130: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 138: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 146: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 157: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 157: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 157: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 157: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 165: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 173: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 182: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/30-cjk-aliases.conf", line 182: Having multiple <family> in <alias> isn't supported and may not work as expected Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/99-language-selector-zh.conf", line 11: Having multiple values in <test> isn't supported and may not work as expected ERROR: error('unpack requires a bytes object of length 4',) (apport-gtk:16828): Gtk-CRITICAL **: gtk_main_quit: assertion 'main_loops != NULL' failed

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• Android 2.1 View's getDrawingCache() method always returns null

  - by Impression

  Hello, I'm working with Android 2.1 and have the following problem: Using the method View.getDrawingCache() always returns null. Example code: public void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); final View view = findViewById(R.id.ImageView01); view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); view.buildDrawingCache(); final Bitmap bmp = view.getDrawingCache(); System.out.println(bmp); } I've already tried different ways to configure the View object for generating the drawing cache (e.g. View.setWillNotDraw(boolean) and View.setWillNotCacheDrawing(boolean)), but nothing works. What is the right ways, or what do I wrong?

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• How to cut a "hole" inside a rectangular Sprite to see the Sprite underneath? (ActionScript 3)

  - by Zando

  Everytime I google this question I see confusing information about masks and blends, none of which seems to directly apply to what I think should be an easy thing... There are three Sprites involved here...the lowest layer sprite is pretty much a background. I want to overlay a translucent Sprite on top of the background and then I want the third, top-most Sprite to act as a hole, so that the area inside the third Sprite is completely transparent, so that the background sprite is completely visible. How would I go about doing this dynamically (i.e. dynamically drawing the masking sprite and hole using the Actionscript graphics calls)?

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• Using DrawString to draw text with no border

  - by griegs

  I have this code; public static Image AddText(this Image image, ImageText text) { Graphics surface = Graphics.FromImage(image); Font font = new Font("Tahoma", 10); System.Drawing.SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Red); surface.DrawString(text.Text, font, brush, new PointF { X = 30, Y = 10 }); surface.Dispose(); return image; } However, when the text is drawn onto my image it's red with a black border or shadowing. How can I write text to an image without any border or shadow?

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• Insane CPU usage in QT 5.0

  - by GravityScore

  I'm having trouble using the QT framework, particularly with the paintEvent of QWidget. I have a QWidget set up, and am overriding the paintEvent of it. I need to render a bunch of rectangles (grid system), 51 by 19, leading to 969 rectangles being drawn. This is done in a for loop. Then I also need to draw an image on each on of these grids. The QWidget is added to a QMainWindow, which is shown. This works nicely, but it's using up 47% of CPU per window open! And I want to allow the user to open multiple windows like this, likey having 3-4 open at a time, which puts the CPU close to 150%. Why does this happen? Here is the paintEvent contents. The JNI calls don't cause the CPU usage, commenting them out doesn't lower it, but commenting out the p.fillRect and Renderer::renderString (which draws the image) lowers the CPU to about 5%. // Background QPainter p(this); p.fillRect(0, 0, this->width(), this->height(), QBrush(QColor(0, 0, 0))); // Lines for (int y = 0; y < Global::terminalHeight; y++) { // Line and color method ID jmethodID lineid = Manager::jenv->GetMethodID(this->javaClass, "getLine", "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"); error(); jmethodID colorid = Manager::jenv->GetMethodID(this->javaClass, "getColorLine", "(I)Ljava/lang/String;"); error(); // Values jstring jl = (jstring) Manager::jenv->CallObjectMethod(this->javaObject, lineid, jint(y)); error(); jstring cjl = (jstring) Manager::jenv->CallObjectMethod(this->javaObject, colorid, jint(y)); error(); // Convert to C values const char *l = Manager::jenv->GetStringUTFChars(jl, 0); const char *cl = Manager::jenv->GetStringUTFChars(cjl, 0); QString line = QString(l); QString color = QString(cl); // Render line for (int x = 0; x < Global::terminalWidth; x++) { QColor bg = Renderer::colorForHex(color.mid(x + color.length() / 2, 1)); // Cell location on widget int cellx = x * Global::cellWidth + Global::xoffset; int celly = y * Global::cellHeight + Global::yoffset; // Background p.fillRect(cellx, celly, Global::cellWidth, Global::cellHeight, QBrush(bg)); // String // Renders the image to the grid Renderer::renderString(p, tc, text, cellx, celly); } // Release Manager::jenv->ReleaseStringUTFChars(jl, l); Manager::jenv->ReleaseStringUTFChars(cjl, cl); }

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• Load a bitmap from file in RGB format (without alpha)

  - by Robert

  Hi, i simply want to load a .BMP file and get the Bitmap object in 24bit RGB format (or 32bit in RGB format). All methods I tried return a Bitmap/Image object with PixelFormat = Format32bppArgb. Even if of course BMPs don't have alpha. new Bitmap(System.Drawing.Image.FromFile(fileName, true)); new Bitmap(fileName); I currently solve the problem by copying the first object to another in memory bitmap at 24bit RBG. Is there a single method to do it? Thanks

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• How to create a clip region from a path that includes the 'outline'?

  - by mackenir

  I am creating a rounded rectangle GraphicsPath (see red outline image below), and then using this as a clip region both when drawing graphics, and as the Region of a Form. Unfortunately, although the path looks good, it doesn't work well as a region (see solid black image below) Is there a way that I can generate a clipping region from the path that includes all the 'outline' pixels of the path? Do I need to generate a bitmap and then process this to create a region? The rounded rectangle path: When used as a clip region: The discrepancy (red pixels are in the path outline, but outside the region. blue pixels are in both):

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• Get File Size of Modified Image Before Writing to Disk

  - by Otaku

  I'm doing a conversion from .jpg to .png in System.Drawing and one thing that I've found is that this conversion tends to make the resulting converted .png much larger than the .jpg original. Sometimes more than 10x larger after converting to .png. Given that seems to always be the case (unless you know of a way around this), is there any way to determine the file size of that .png before it is saved to disk? For example, maybe write it to a stream first and then get that stream size? How would I go about doing this?

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• Animate a e.Graphics.DrawLine with arrowhead

  - by Fer

  I need to "animate" an arrow. It can go in any direction (up, down, left, right and diagonals) and the arrowhead will be at the end. It needs to appear as if it is growing from orgin to the end. To make matters more complicated it has to be in a user control so it is possible to add to the controls collection in the forms and remove it to delete it from the screen, and its background is really transparent (no color.transparent) so i can't paint the background to "clear" the previous line. I have it static already (drawn from origin to end) but i can't animate it. I tried to add a timer in the user control but I fail to get a correct algorithm to calculate the intermediate ends of the line while it is growing. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks

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• Efficiently draw a grid in Windows Forms

  - by Joel

  I'm writing an implementation of Conway's Game of Life in C#. This is the code I'm using to draw the grid, it's in my panel_Paint event. g is the graphics context. for (int y = 0; y < numOfCells * cellSize; y += cellSize) { for (int x = 0; x < numOfCells * cellSize; x += cellSize) { g.DrawLine(p, x, 0, x, y + numOfCells * cellSize); g.DrawLine(p, 0, x, y + size * drawnGrid, x); } } When I run my program, it is unresponsive until it finishes drawing the grid, which takes a few seconds at numOfCells = 100 & cellSize = 10. Removing all the multiplication makes it faster, but not by very much. Is there a better/more efficient way to draw my grid? Thanks

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• How can I draw the control points of a Bézier Path in Java?

  - by Sanoj

  I have created a Path of Bézier curves and it works fine to draw the path. But I don't know How I can draw the Control Points together with the Path. Is that possible or do I have to keep track of them in another datastructure? I am creating the path with: Path2D.Double path = new Path2D.Double(); path.moveTo(0,0); path.curveTo(5, 6, 23, 12, 45, 54); path.curveTo(34, 23, 12, 34, 2, 3); And drawing it with: g2.draw(path);

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• Drawing a TextBox in an extended Glass Frame (C# w/o WPF)

  - by Lazlo

  I am trying to draw a TextBox on the extended glass frame of my form. I won't describe this technique, it's well-known. Here's an example for those who haven't heard of it: http://www.danielmoth.com/Blog/Vista-Glass-In-C.aspx The thing is, it is complex to draw over this glass frame. Since black is considered to be the 0-alpha color, anything black disappears. There are apparently ways of countering this problem: drawing complex GDI+ shapes are not affected by this alpha-ness. For example, this code can be used to draw a Label on glass (note: GraphicsPath is used instead of DrawString in order to get around the horrible ClearType problem): public class GlassLabel : Control { public GlassLabel() { this.BackColor = Color.Black; } protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { GraphicsPath font = new GraphicsPath(); font.AddString( this.Text, this.Font.FontFamily, (int)this.Font.Style, this.Font.Size, Point.Empty, StringFormat.GenericDefault); e.Graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality; e.Graphics.FillPath(new SolidBrush(this.ForeColor), font); } } Similarly, such an approach can be used to create a container on the glass area. Note the use of the polygons instead of the rectangle - when using the rectangle, its black parts are considered as alpha. public class GlassPanel : Panel { public GlassPanel() { this.BackColor = Color.Black; } protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { Point[] area = new Point[] { new Point(0, 1), new Point(1, 0), new Point(this.Width - 2, 0), new Point(this.Width - 1, 1), new Point(this.Width -1, this.Height - 2), new Point(this.Width -2, this.Height-1), new Point(1, this.Height -1), new Point(0, this.Height - 2) }; Point[] inArea = new Point[] { new Point(1, 1), new Point(this.Width - 1, 1), new Point(this.Width - 1, this.Height - 1), new Point(this.Width - 1, this.Height - 1), new Point(1, this.Height - 1) }; e.Graphics.FillPolygon(new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(240, 240, 240)), inArea); e.Graphics.DrawPolygon(new Pen(Color.FromArgb(55, 0, 0, 0)), area); base.OnPaint(e); } } Now my problem is: How can I draw a TextBox? After lots of Googling, I came up with the following solutions: Subclassing the TextBox's OnPaint method. This is possible, although I could not get it to work properly. It should involve painting some magic things I don't know how to do yet. Making my own custom TextBox, perhaps on a TextBoxBase. If anyone has good, valid and working examples, and thinks this could be a good overall solution, please tell me. Using BufferedPaintSetAlpha. (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms649805.aspx). The downsides of this method may be that the corners of the textbox might look odd, but I can live with that. If anyone knows how to implement that method properly from a Graphics object, please tell me. I personally don't, but this seems the best solution so far. Thanks!

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• The most efficient method of drawing multiple quads in OpenGL

  - by CPatton

  I'm not very keen with OpenGL and I was wondering if someone could give me some insight on this. I'm a 'seasoned' programmer, I've read the redbook about VBOs and the like, but I was wondering from a more experienced person about the best/most efficient way of achieving this. I've been producing this 2d tile-based game engine to be used in several projects. I have a class called "ScreenObject" which is mainly composed of a Dictionary<Point, Tile> The Point key is to show where to render the Tile on the screen, and the Tile contains one or more textures to be drawn at that point. This ScreenObject is where the tiles will be modified, deleted, added, etc.. My original method of drawing the tiles in the testing I've done was to iterate through the ScreenObject and draw each quad at each location separately. From what I've read, this is a massive waste of resources. It wasn't horribly slow in the testing, but after I've completed the animation classes and effect classes, I'm sure it would be extremely slow. And one last thing, if you wouldn't mind.. As I said before, the Tile class can contain multiple textures to be drawn at the Point location on the screen. I recognize possibly two options for me here. Either add a quad at that location for each texture to be drawn, or, somehow.. use a multiple texture for the same quad (if it's possible). Even if each tile contained one texture only, that would be 64 quads to be drawn on the screen. Most of the tiles will contain 2-5 textures, so the number of total quads would increase dramatically with this method. Would it be feasible to add a quad for each new texture, or am I ignoring a better way to do this? Just need some help understanding this if you don't mind :) I've tried to be as concise as possible, and I'd greatly appreciate any responses.. and even some criticism. Programming is often a learning process and one who develops seems to never stops learning. Thanks for your time.

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• Do you still limit line length in code?

  - by Noldorin

  This is a matter on which I would like to gauge the opinion of the community: Do you still limit the length of lines of code to a fixed maximum? This was certainly a convention of the past for many languages; one would typically cap the number of characters per line to a value such as 80 (and more recnetly 100 or 120 I believe). As far as I understand, the primary reasons for limiting line length are: Readability - You don't have to scroll over horizontally when you want to see the end of some lines. Printing - Admittedly (at least in my experience), most code that you are working on does not get printed out on paper, but by limiting the number of characters you can insure that formatting doesn't get messed up when printed. Past editors (?) - Not sure about this one, but I suspect that at some point in the distant past of programming, (at least some) text editors may have been based on a fixed-width buffer. I'm sure there are points that I am still missing out, so feel free to add to these... Now, when I tend to observe C or C# code nowadays, I often see a number of different styles, the main ones being: Line length capped to 80, 100, or even 120 characters. As far as I understand, 80 is the traditional length, but the longer ones of 100 and 120 have appeared because of the widespread use of high resolutions and widescreen monitors nowadays. No line length capping at all. This tends to be pretty horrible to read, and I don't see it too often, though it's certainly not too rare either. Inconsistent capping of line length. The length of some lines are limited to a fixed maximum (or even a maximum that changes depending on the file/location in code), while others (possibly comments) are not at all. My personal preference here (at least recently) has been to cap the line length to 100 in the Visual Studio editor. This means that in a decently sized window (on a non-widescreen monitor), the ends of lines are still fully visible. I can however see a few disadvantages in this, especially when you end up writing code that's indented 3 or 4 levels and then having to include a long string literal - though I often take this as a sign to refactor my code! In particular, I am curious what the C and C# coders (or anyone who uses Visual Studio for that matter) think about this point, though I would be interested in hearing anyone's thoughts on the subject. Edit Thanks for the all answers - I appreciate the variety of opinions here, all presenting sound reasons. Consensus does seem to be tipping in the direction of always (or almost always) limit the line length. Interestingly, it seems to be in various coding standards to limit the line length. Judging by some of the answers, both the Python and Google CPP guidelines set the limit at 80 chars. I haven't seen anything similar regarding C# or VB.NET, but I would be curious to see if there are ones anywhere.

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• XCode: Delete line hot-key

  - by Typeoneerror

  I'm looking for a way to map some hot-keys to "delete the line that my cursor is on" in Xcode. I found "delete to end of line" and "delete to beginning of line" in the text key bindings, but I am missing how to completely delete the line no matter what I have selected. TextMate has this functionality mapped to Ctrl+Shift+D and I'd like the same thing if possible. Any ideas?

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• How to write text files with DOS line endings on linux

  - by gaumann

  I want to write text files with DOS/Windows line endings '\r\n' using python running on Linux. It seems to me that there must be a better way than manually putting a '\r\n' at the end of every line or using a line ending conversion utility. Ideally I would like to be able to do something like assign to os.linesep the separator that I want to use when writing the file. Or specify the line separator when I open the file.

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• Using python to write text files with DOS line endings on linux

  - by gaumann

  I want to write text files with DOS/Windows line endings '\r\n' using python running on Linux. It seems to me that there must be a better way than manually putting a '\r\n' at the end of every line or using a line ending conversion utility. Ideally I would like to be able to do something like assign to os.linesep the separator that I want to use when writing the file. Or specify the line separator when I open the file.

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• What are useful functions for drawing text (MFC)?

  - by kobac

  I'm creating a line chart control, and I need to write (or better say draw) the axis names and axis values. I found DrawText and TextOut functions, but the text they show is flickering and don't know how to set the font and text orientation (I will need vertical text orientation as well as horizontal). Are there any other functions you could recoommend or how to use these stated above and get the results I need? Thanks in advance. Cheers.

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• SED: Matching on 2 patterns on the same line

  - by Brian Knott

  Hi I want to delete a line using sed if it matches 2 regular expressions in the same line. EG the line starts with /* and end with */ (comment). The following script will do most of that. sed -e '/^\/*/ d' -e '/*\/$/ d' filename This script will remove all lines that start with * and end with */. I want it to remove the line only if is meets both criteria not one.

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• Flex/actionscript 3 equivalents for __FILE__ and __LINE__

  - by Douwe

  Hi all, I'm quite new to flex/actionscript and I was wondering if there is an equivalent for php's (and other languages) FILE and LINE identifiers? Basicly I want to do some custom error logging and would like to something like: var mymessage:String = 'Oops, a hiccup occured at ' + __FILE__ + ', line: ' + __LINE__; Where file and line would ofcourse be substituted for their values at compile time. Is this possible?

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