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• How to select a table from highest table use LinQ query

  - by user299683

  I have a sequence relationship: A has many Bs. B has many Cs. C has many Ds. They also make me so confused if there are more than 3 or 4,..tables. So, how can i select all Cs that satify A.Id="1". (something likes finding all grandsons of a grandfather) Thanks in advance.

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• Post bacc CS certificate of Java Certification?

  - by gwozdz

  I have a BS in biology, MS in Environmental Science, but I've been writing software in C++ and Java throughout grad school and a bit in my current job. I'd love to transition to a programming career. I've thought about getting what's called a "Post baccalaureate Certificate" or Java certification in lieu of another degree in CS. Which is more useful in terms of getting a job?

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• Good Software development courses?

  - by user296970

  I'm a software developer with a BS in Computer Science. I've been working in the field for 5 years, and I'm looking to develop my project leadership skills (I'm currently not a lead). Does anyone have any suggestions as to which schools / programs I can do? A masters is probably out of the question, due to the time required (and my not so good verbal score on my GRE). A shorter course would be preferable.

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• Iterating multple lists consecutively (C++)

  - by Graham Rogers

  I have 3 classes, 2 inheriting from the other like so: class A { public: virtual void foo() {cout << "I am A!" << endl;} }; class B : public A { public: void foo() {cout << "B pretending to be A." << endl} void onlyBFoo() {cout << "I am B!" << endl} }; class C : public A { public: void foo() {cout << "C pretending to be A." << endl} void onlyCFoo() {cout << "I am C!" << endl} }; What I want to do is something like this: list<A> list_of_A; list<B> list_of_B; list<C> list_of_C; //put three of each class in their respective list for (list<B>::iterator it = list_of_B.begin(); it != list_of_B.end(); ++it) { (*it).onlyBFoo(); } for (list<C>::iterator it = list_of_C.begin(); it != list_of_C.end(); ++it) { (*it).foo(); } //This part I am not sure about for (list<A>::iterator it = list_of_all.begin(); it != list_of_all.end(); ++it) { (*it).foo(); } To output: I am B! I am B! I am B! I am C! I am C! I am C! I am A! I am A! I am A! B pretending to be A. B pretending to be A. B pretending to be A. C pretending to be A. C pretending to be A. C pretending to be A. Basically, sometimes I want to only loop the Bs and Cs so that I can use their methods, but sometimes I want to loop all of them so that I can use the same method from each i.e. iterate the As, then the Bs, then the Cs all in one loop. I thought of creating a separate list (like the code above) containing everything, but it would create lots of unnecessary maintenance, as I will be adding and removing every object from 2 lists instead of one.

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• How to effectively measure difference in a run-time.

  - by Knowing me knowing you

  Guys, in one of the excersises in TC++PL B.S. asks to: "Write a function that either returns a value or that throws that value based on an argument. Measure the difference in run-time between the two ways." Great pity he never explaines how to measure such things. I'm not sure if I'm suppose to write simple "time start, time end" counter or maybe there are more effective and practical ways to do it? Thanks in advance.

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• When an active_record is saved, is it saved before or after its associated object(s)?

  - by SeeBees

  In rails, when saving an active_record object, its associated objects will be saved as well. But has_one and has_many association have different order in saving objects. I have three simplified models: class Team < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :players has_one :coach end class Player < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :team validates_presence_of :team_id end class Coach < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :team validates_presence_of :team_id end I use the following code to test these models: t = Team.new team.coach = Coach.new team.save! team.save! returns true. But in another test: t = Team.new team.players << Player.new team.save! team.save! gives the following error: > ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: > Validation failed: Players is invalid I figured out that when team.save! is called, it first calls player.save!. player needs to validate the presence of the id of the associated team. But at the time player.save! is called, team hasn't been saved yet, and therefore, team_id doesn't yet exist for player. This fails the player's validation, so the error occurs. But on the other hand, team is saved before coach.save!, otherwise the first example will get the same error as the second one. So I've concluded that when a has_many bs, a.save! will save bs prior to a. When a has_one b, a.save! will save a prior to b. If I am right, why is this the case? It doesn't seem logical to me. Why do has_one and has_many association have different order in saving? Any ideas? And is there any way I can change the order? Say I want to have the same saving order for both has_one and has_many. Thanks.

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• Painting component inside another component

  - by mike_hornbeck

  I've got a task to display painted 'eyes' with menu buttons to change their colors, and background color. Next animate them. But currently I'm stuck at painting, sinc in my JFrame I've Created JPanel containing panels with drawn eyes and buttons. Buttons are rendered properly but my eyes canvas is not shown. I've tried changing paint to paintComponent, setting contentPane differently but still nothing works. import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; public class Main extends JFrame { public static void main(String[] args) { final JFrame frame = new JFrame("Eyes"); frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 450)); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JPanel players = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3)); players.add(new JButton("Eyes color")); players.add(new JButton("Eye pupil")); players.add(new JButton("Background color")); JPanel eyes = new JPanel(); Eyes e = new Eyes(); eyes.add(e); eyes.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 400)); JPanel content = new JPanel(); content.setLayout(new BoxLayout(content, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); frame.setContentPane(content); content.add(players); content.add(eyes); // frame.getContentPane().add(content); frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); } } class Eyes extends JPanel { public Eyes(){ } public void paint(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g; g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); BasicStroke bs = new BasicStroke(3.0f); g2d.setBackground(Color.green); g2d.setStroke(bs); g2d.setColor(Color.yellow); g2d.fillOval(50, 150, 200, 200); g2d.fillOval( 350, 150, 200, 200); g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK); g2d.drawOval(49, 149, 201, 201); g2d.drawOval(349, 149, 201, 201); g2d.fillOval(125, 225, 50, 50); g2d.fillOval(425, 225, 50, 50); } } This is what I should get : This is what I have : When I've tried painting it directly in JFrame it works almost perfect, apart of background not being set. Why setBackgroundColor doesn't influence my drawing in any way ?

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• Need help merging 2 AHK scripts

  - by Mikey

  i have two functioning scripts that i want to merge into a single AHK File. My problem is that when i combine both scripts, the second script doesnt function or causes an error on script 1. Either way, script 2 ist not functioning at all. Here are some facts: Script 1 = a simple menu script where i want to assign hotkeys to. Script 2 = A small launcher script from a user named Tertius in autohotkey forum. Can someone please look at both codes and help me merge this? The INI File for script 2 looks like this: Keywords.ini npff|Firefox|Firefox gm|Gmail|http://gmail.google.com ;;;;;;;;;;;; BEGIN SCRIPT 2 DetectHiddenWindows, On SetWinDelay, -1 SetKeyDelay, -1 SetBatchLines, -1 GoSub Remin SetTimer, Remin, % 1000 * 60 Loop, read, %A_ScriptDir%\keywords.ini { LineNumber = %A_Index% Loop, parse, A_LoopReadLine, | { if (A_Index == 1) abbrevs%LineNumber% := A_LoopField else if (A_Index == 2) tips%LineNumber% := A_LoopField else if (A_Index == 3) programs%LineNumber% := A_LoopField else if (A_Index == 4) params%LineNumber% := A_LoopField } tosay := abbrevs%LineNumber% } cnt = %LineNumber% Loop { Input, Key, L1 V, % "{LControl}{RControl}{LAlt}{RAlt}{LShift}{RShift}{LWin}{RWin}" . "{AppsKey}{F1}{F2}{F3}{F4}{F5}{F6}{F7}{F8}{F9}{F10}{F11}{F12}{Left}{Right}{Up}{Down}" . "{Home}{End}{PgUp}{PgDn}{Del}{Ins}{BS}{Capslock}{Numlock}{PrintScreen}{Pause}{Escape}" If( ( Asc(Key) = 65 && Asc(Key) <= 90 ) || ( Asc(Key) = 97 && Asc(Key) <= 122 ) ) Word .= Key Else { Word := "" Continue } tipup := false Loop %cnt% { if (Word == abbrevs%A_index%) { tip := tips%A_index% ToolTip %tip% tipup := true } else { if (tipup == false) ToolTip } } } $Tab:: Loop %cnt% { if (Word != "" && Word == abbrevs%A_index%) { Word := "" StringLen, len, abbrevs%A_index% Loop %len% Send {Shift Down}{Left} Send {Shift Up}{BS} ToolTip program := programs%A_index% param := params%A_index% run, %program% %param% return } } Word := "" Send {Tab} Return ~LButton:: ~MButton:: ~RButton:: ~XButton1:: ~XButton2:: Word := "" Tooltip Return Remin: WinMinimize, %A_ScriptFullPath% - AutoHotkey v WinHide, %A_ScriptFullPath% - AutoHotkey v Return ;;;;;;;;;; END SCRIPT 2 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;; BEGIN SCRIPT 1 ;This is a working script that creates a popup menu. ; Create the popup menu by adding some items to it. Menu, MyMenu, Add, FIS 201, MenuHandler Menu, MyMenu, Add ; Add a separator line. Menu, MyMenu, Color, Lime, Single ;Define the Menu Color ; Create another menu destined to become a submenu of the above menu. Menu, Submenu1, Add, Item2, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu1, Add, Item3, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu1, Color, Yellow ;Define the Menu Color ; Create another menu destined to become a submenu of the above menu. Menu, Submenu2, Add, Item1a, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu2, Add, Item2a, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu2, Add, Item3a, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu2, Add, Item4a, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu2, Add, Item5a, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu2, Add, Item6a, MenuHandler Menu, Submenu2, Color, Aqua ;Define the Menu Color ; Create a submenu in the first menu (a right-arrow indicator). When the user selects it, the second menu is displayed. Menu, MyMenu, Add, BKRS 119, :Submenu1 Menu, MyMenu, Add ; Add a separator line below the submenu. Menu, MyMenu, Add, BKRS 201, :Submenu2 Menu, MyMenu, Add ; Add a separator line below the submenu. Menu, MyMenu, Add ; Add a separator line below the submenu. Menu, MyMenu, Add, Google Search, Google ; Add another menu item beneath the submenu. return ; End of script's auto-execute section. Capslock & LButton::Menu, MyMenu, Show ; i.e. press the Win-Z hotkey to show the menu. MenuHandler: MsgBox You selected %A_ThisMenuItem% from the menu %A_ThisMenu%. return ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;;;;;;;; Google Search ;;; FORMAT InputBox, OutputVar [, Title, Prompt, HIDE, Width, Height, X, Y, Font, Timeout, Default] Google: InputBox, SearchTerm, Google Search,,,350, 120 if SearchTerm < "" Run http://www.google.de/search?sclient=psy-ab&hl=de&site=&source=hp&q=%SearchTerm%&btnG=Suche return ; Make Window Transparent Space::WinSet, Transparent, 125, A ^!Space UP::WinSet, Transparent, OFF, A return ;;;;;;;;;;; END SCRIPT 1 Help is appreciated. Kind Regards, Mikey

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• One email user keeps disconnecting from our exchange server

  - by Funky Si

  I have one user who keeps reporting that Outlook keeps disconnecting from our email server. All other users are fine. Our email server is running Exchange 2010 and the client is running Outlook 2003. The disconnection only lasts a moment. I have checked for logs on the client and Exchange server and can not see any reason for the disconnect, On the Client I get EventId 26 telling me Outlook has disconnected and reconnected but no reason why. Can anyone give me some suggestions of things to try and track down where the problem could be? --Update-- I have found the following log file C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V14\Logging\RPC Client Access which suggests that it is a problem with RPC sessions. Excerpt is below 2013-01-31T15:21:24.015Z,6413,15,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,,0,00:00:00,"BS=Conn:24,HangingConn:0,AD:$null/$null/0%,CAS:$null/$null/2%,AB:$null/$null/0%,RPC:$null/$null/1%,FC:$null/0,Policy:ClientThrottlingPolicy2,Norm[Resources:(Mdb)Mailbox Database 0765959540(Health:-1%,HistLoad:0),(Mdb)Public Folder Database 1945427388(Health:-1%,HistLoad:0),];GC:6/1/0;", 2013-01-31T15:21:24.015Z,6413,16,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,PublicLogoff,0,00:00:00,LogonId: 1, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.015Z,6413,16,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,,,00:00:00,"BS=Conn:24,HangingConn:0,AD:$null/$null/0%,CAS:$null/$null/2%,AB:$null/$null/0%,RPC:$null/$null/1%,FC:$null/0,Policy:ClientThrottlingPolicy2,Norm[Resources:(Mdb)Mailbox Database 0765959540(Health:-1%,HistLoad:0),(Mdb)Public Folder Database 1945427388(Health:-1%,HistLoad:0),];GC:6/1/0;", 2013-01-31T15:21:24.015Z,6417,5,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,OwnerLogoff,0,00:00:00,LogonId: 0, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.015Z,6417,5,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,,0x6BA (rpc::Exception),00:02:54.7668000,Budget Highs [AD = 0][CAS = 3][RPC = 1] Session Throttled Count = 0; SessionDropped,"RpcEndPoint: [ServerUnavailableException] Connection must be re-established - [SessionDeadException] Connection doesn't have any open logons, but has client activity. This may be masking synchronization stalls. Dropping a connection." 2013-01-31T15:21:24.015Z,6420,7,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,DelegateLogoff,0,00:00:00,LogonId: 0, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.031Z,6420,7,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,,,00:00:00.0156000,Budget Highs [AD = 0][CAS = 3][RPC = 1] Session Throttled Count = 0, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.031Z,6420,7,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,Disconnect,0,00:02:54.2364000,, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.031Z,6419,5,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,OwnerLogoff,0,00:00:00,LogonId: 0, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.031Z,6419,5,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,,,00:00:00,Budget Highs [AD = 0][CAS = 3][RPC = 1] Session Throttled Count = 0, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.031Z,6419,5,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,Disconnect,0,00:02:54.4392000,, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.031Z,6416,7,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,DelegateLogoff,0,00:00:00,LogonId: 0, 2013-01-31T15:21:24.031Z,6416,7,/o=EUROSAFEUK/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=andy,,OUTLOOK.EXE,11.0.8303.0,Classic,,,ncacn_ip_tcp,,,,00:00:00,Budget Highs [AD = 0][CAS = 3][RPC = 1] Session Throttled Count = 0, Can anyone help point me in the right direction for a solution?

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• Linux software RAID6: rebuild slow

  - by Ole Tange

  I am trying to find the bottleneck in the rebuilding of a software raid6. ## Pause rebuilding when measuring raw I/O performance # echo 1 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_min # echo 1 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_max ## Drop caches so that does not interfere with measuring # sync ; echo 3 | tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches >/dev/null # time parallel -j0 "dd if=/dev/{} bs=256k count=4000 | cat >/dev/null" ::: sdbd sdbc sdbf sdbm sdbl sdbk sdbe sdbj sdbh sdbg 4000+0 records in 4000+0 records out 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 7.30336 s, 144 MB/s [... similar for each disk ...] # time parallel -j0 "dd if=/dev/{} skip=15000000 bs=256k count=4000 | cat >/dev/null" ::: sdbd sdbc sdbf sdbm sdbl sdbk sdbe sdbj sdbh sdbg 4000+0 records in 4000+0 records out 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 12.7991 s, 81.9 MB/s [... similar for each disk ...] So we can read sequentially at 140 MB/s in the outer tracks and 82 MB/s in the inner tracks on all the drives simultaneously. Sequential write performance is similar. This would lead me to expect a rebuild speed of 82 MB/s or more. # echo 800000 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_min # echo 800000 > /proc/sys/dev/raid/speed_limit_max # cat /proc/mdstat md2 : active raid6 sdbd[10](S) sdbc[9] sdbf[0] sdbm[8] sdbl[7] sdbk[6] sdbe[11] sdbj[4] sdbi[3](F) sdbh[2] sdbg[1] 27349121408 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [9/8] [UUU_UUUUU] [=========>...........] recovery = 47.3% (1849905884/3907017344) finish=855.9min speed=40054K/sec But we only get 40 MB/s. And often this drops to 30 MB/s. # iostat -dkx 1 sdbc 0.00 8023.00 0.00 329.00 0.00 33408.00 203.09 0.70 2.12 1.06 34.80 sdbd 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sdbe 13.00 0.00 8334.00 0.00 33388.00 0.00 8.01 0.65 0.08 0.06 47.20 sdbf 0.00 0.00 8348.00 0.00 33388.00 0.00 8.00 0.58 0.07 0.06 48.00 sdbg 16.00 0.00 8331.00 0.00 33388.00 0.00 8.02 0.71 0.09 0.06 48.80 sdbh 961.00 0.00 8314.00 0.00 37100.00 0.00 8.92 0.93 0.11 0.07 54.80 sdbj 70.00 0.00 8276.00 0.00 33384.00 0.00 8.07 0.78 0.10 0.06 48.40 sdbk 124.00 0.00 8221.00 0.00 33380.00 0.00 8.12 0.88 0.11 0.06 47.20 sdbl 83.00 0.00 8262.00 0.00 33380.00 0.00 8.08 0.96 0.12 0.06 47.60 sdbm 0.00 0.00 8344.00 0.00 33376.00 0.00 8.00 0.56 0.07 0.06 47.60 iostat says the disks are not 100% busy (but only 40-50%). This fits with the hypothesis that the max is around 80 MB/s. Since this is software raid the limiting factor could be CPU. top says: PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 38520 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 64 0.0 2947:50 md2_raid6 6117 root 20 0 0 0 0 D 53 0.0 473:25.96 md2_resync So md2_raid6 and md2_resync are clearly busy taking up 64% and 53% of a CPU respectively, but not near 100%. The chunk size (128k) of the RAID was chosen after measuring which chunksize gave the least CPU penalty. If this speed is normal: What is the limiting factor? Can I measure that? If this speed is not normal: How can I find the limiting factor? Can I change that?

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• .AVI Files randomly cease to open, other strange errors too

  - by Ben Franchuk

  I Recently (a couple weeks ago) downloaded the complete series of Seinfeld, all in varying file type. I Watched them in sequence according to season and to airing date, and all was well. All of the files played fine with my media player of choice ("BS Player"), and once I had finished, I went onto watch some other TV I had previously downloaded (The U.S. Series of "The Office"), and after then, some other film and then some music, over the following weeks (keep in mind all of these files are all on the same Hard Drive). Later then, More recently, I Went back to watching Seinfeld. The episodes played well as they did before- with the exclusion of a few in Season 7. I Have not tested all of the episodes in the season, but upon inspection, the majority of them are experiencing this problem; the problem being simply that they don't open! BS Player says that the files are either damaged or that the codecs to play the files are not on my computer-- however I am certain that the files DO have the codecs, and I am pretty sure that they are NOT DAMAGED either. I Have played the files with other players (such as VLC, Media Player Classic, and Windows Media Player), too, only to the same result; of them not opening. Seemingly the only way that I can differentiate between a damaged file and a non-damaged file are the way that the icon shows in Windows Explorer. For example, the below image is how explorer shows the information of a file that is non-damaged... ...and below is how a damaged file appears... The most disturbing and confusing part of this, though, is the last episode in the season- It opens, but not as a video- Instead, as a 1 Hour, 16 Minute, and 35 Second Audio file! The file plays a song for the first 4 or so minutes, and then is pretty much silent (except for some extremely quiet noise) until the last minute or so, when a random array of chopped up sounds and beeping noises play. I Do not recognise the song at the beginning of the file, but by the sounds of it, it is a song by the artist "Mr. Oizo," who's complete works I downloaded a couple weeks before now; and a bit before then I had finished downloading season 9 (not affected by these problems) of Seinfeld. I'd also like to note that the file I told of earlier (which played audio instead of video) reads as the same size as the other files in the season (around 175 MB) and also opens as a video clip. I Have NEVER experienced any of these problems in the past, and they seem to be only effecting the one season of my downloaded TV. The problems have not arisen with any of the other files on my Hard Drive, or any of the files downloaded around the time or after the time of which I downloaded season 7 of Seinfeld- or at least to my noticing. I Use the hard drive these files are located on almost every day, so could that be the cause of these problems? Is this a sign that my HDD is soon going to die? If it helps, the HDD is a Western Digital MyBook 1.5 TB 7500 RPM. It is connected to the computer via U.S.B. 2.0. EDIT! I noticed that this problem is now occurring with Season 9 of Seinfeld- and, presumably, other files on the drive I have yet to check. Please, If you have ANY IDEA AT ALL on what may be causing this or how to fix it, do tell me!

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• KVM slow guest i/o

  - by Akarot

  Host: Debian 6.0 (squeeze) with qemu-kvm and libvirt from squeeze-backports ii qemu-kvm 1.0+dfsg-8~bpo60+1 ii libvirt-bin 0.9.8-2~bpo60+2 Has 3TB sata drives with software raid and lvm. It has a sequential write speed of ~140MB/s measured with dd bs=1M count=512 if=/dev/zero of=test conv=fdatasync Elevator set to cfq Guest Debian 6.0 (squeeze) Uses LVM as storage. Drivers are virtio and cache='none' Sequential write speed is considerably slower with only 25-50MB/s Elevator set to noop I'm kind of running out of ideas for further tweaks but I'm sure that I/O speed should be much faster because many people are reporting almost native performance with lvm.

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• Apache </Location> Errors

  - by Eddie

  Hi there! I am having real trouble with this installation - Basically this is the erro that I am getting: apache2: Syntax error on line 234 of /etc/apache2/apache2.conf: Syntax error on line 10 of /etc/apache2/conf.d/amberdms-bs.conf: Expected </Location\xc2\xa0/billing_system> but saw </Location> and this is the code that is being used in that modules file: #  # Amberdms Billing System is an open source accounting, service billing and time keeping web application.  #  Alias /billing_system /usr/share/amberdms/billing_system  <Location /billing_system>  Order deny,allow  Allow from all  AllowOverride all    Please help me! I need this software to be installed, but this error has stumped me.

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• Why is this LTO4 Tape-drive not working

  - by Tim Haegele

  # modprobe mptsas # dmesg [ 4274.796796] scsi target7:0:0: mptsas: ioc1: delete device: fw_channel 0, fw_id 0, phy 0, sas_addr 0x50050763124b29ac [ 4274.939579] mptsas 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 4280.934531] Fusion MPT SAS Host driver 3.04.12 [ 4280.934552] mptsas 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 4280.934692] mptbase: ioc2: Initiating bringup [ 4281.490183] ioc2: LSISAS1064E B3: Capabilities={Initiator} [ 4281.490203] mptsas 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 4293.555274] scsi8 : ioc2: LSISAS1064E B3, FwRev=011e0000h, Ports=1, MaxQ=277, IRQ=16 [ 4293.574906] mptsas: ioc2: attaching ssp device: fw_channel 0, fw_id 0, phy 0, sas_addr 0x50050763124b29ac [ 4293.576471] scsi 8:0:0:0: Sequential-Access IBM ULTRIUM-HH4 B6W1 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 4293.578549] st 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi tape st0 [ 4293.578550] st 8:0:0:0: st0: try direct i/o: yes (alignment 512 B) [ 4293.578577] st 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg5 type 1 # mt -f /dev/st0 status mt -f /dev/st0 status mt: /dev/st0: rmtopen failed: Input/output error # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nst0 bs=1024 count=10 dd: opening `/dev/nst0': Input/output error I am running debian squeeze 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun May 6 04:00:17 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux Server is Fujitsu TX140 with Controller Symbios Logic SAS1064ET PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS Tape+Hardware is new.

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• Slow NFS transfer performance of small files

  - by Arie K

  I'm using Openfiler 2.3 on an HP ML370 G5, Smart Array P400, SAS disks combined using RAID 1+0. I set up an NFS share from ext3 partition using Openfiler's web based configuration, and I succeeded to mount the share from another host. Both host are connected using dedicated gigabit link. Simple benchmark using dd: $ dd if=/dev/zero of=outfile bs=1000 count=2000000 2000000+0 records in 2000000+0 records out 2000000000 bytes (2.0 GB) copied, 34.4737 s, 58.0 MB/s I see it can achieve moderate transfer speed (58.0 MB/s). But if I copy a directory containing many small files (.php and .jpg, around 1-4 kB per file) of total size ~300 MB, the cp process ends in about 10 minutes. Is NFS not suitable for small file transfer like above case? Or is there some parameters that must be adjusted?

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• How do I execute a command before kickstart parses ks.cfg?

  - by Crazy Chenz

  How do I execute a command before kickstart parses ks.cfg? My specific problem is that I want to install redhat into a tmpfs by telling kickstart: part / --fstype ext3 --size 1000 --maxsize 4000 --ondisk loop1 I've tried doing: %pre #!/bin/sh mkdir /tmp-root mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /tmp-root dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp-root/tmp-root.img bs=4096 count=1000000 losetup /dev/loop1 /tmp-root/tmp-root.img but that is not done early enough. Ugh! Update: I'm beginning to think it has nothing to do with being done early enough. I believe it has to do with anaconda and kudzu not thinking that a loopback device is a valid device. I'm not a python guy, so the idea of hacking up the kickstart code sucks! -Vinnie

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• zram trimming by writing zero pages

  - by qdot

  I'm using ZRAM as a backing block device for /tmp filesystem in the following manner: echo 8000000000 > /sys/block/zram0/disksize mkfs.ext4 -O dir_nlink,extent,extra_isize,flex_bg,^has_journal,uninit_bg -m0 \ -b 4096 -L "zram0" /dev/zram0 mount -o barrier=0,commit=240,noatime,nodev,nosuid /dev/zram0 /tmp chmod aogu+rwx /tmp It works out reasonably well for me - however, there is an issue here - when files are removed, they are not zero'ed, so the ZRAM does not remote the compressed pages. Obviously running dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/ZERO bs=1M count={free-space-some-rest}; rm /tmp/ZERO clears it up in the ZRAM - it gets notified of zero-pages and shrinks the store. How can I get ext4 to zero used pages on delete? Also, any other suggestions on how to optimize it?

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• Getting rid of site-specific hotkeys

  - by ZyX

  How do I disable site-specific hotkeys if (and only if) they are already mapped in Opera? For example, I use <C-b> instead of <Right> and <C-h> instead of <BS>. On Stack Overflow/Super User they produce **strong text** and ## Heading ## respectively. I do not want this happen. I can examine Super User/Stack Overflow/some_other_site's javascript and write a userjs to do the job, but this method is not universal. I'm using Opera-10.51_pre6252 in Gentoo Linux.

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• Linux DD command partition -to- partition

  - by Ben Jackson

  I just used the DD command to copy the contents of one partition over to another partition on another drive, like this: dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/sdb2 bs=4096 conv=noerror sda2 partition was 66GB and sdb2 was 250GB. I read that by doing this the extra space on the drive I am copying to will be wasted, is this true? I wasn't worried about loosing the extra space for the time being however, I just ran: sudo kill -USR1 (PID) to view the current status of DD and it has written over 66GB of data, will it continue to write data until it gets to 250GB? If so, is there a way to stop the process without corrupting it as waiting for it to write blank space seems like a waste of time.

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• Need to get a file written to a floppy.

  - by dboarman-FissureStudios

  I asked this question over on SO. I have tried dd if=kernel.sys of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 seek=1 to get this file to write to the floppy. It is a kernel shell that must be written to the sector immediately following the bootsector of a disk to boot the PC. No matter what I've tried, for some reason, kernel.sys is not writing to the floppy. I know the bootstrap loader is being written and executed. However, it cannot find the kernel to load the shell. Any ideas on what I am doing wrong? I mean, really, how is it so difficult to get this file written to a floppy? OpenSUSE 11.2

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• zeroing a disk with dd vs Disk Utility

  - by jdizzle

  I'm attempting to zero a disk on my Mac OS X machine. I'm going for complete zeros and unformatted, so I think of dd. Unfortunately the maximum throughput I've managed to get out of dd is 7MB/s. Just for grins I tried disk utility and it has a throughput of 19MB/s. What gives? I've tried changing the bs option on dd to all sorts of values, but it still hovers around 7MB/s. Why is disk utility so much faster?

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• SCSI vs SATA? Is SCSI "actually" better?

  - by earlz

  Well, I was talking with a guy about servers the other day. I was a bit shocked whenever I asked him if there was any significant difference between SCSI and SATA and why he always uses SCSI. (note, I'm not sure if by SCSI he meant SAS) He told me that SCSI is always faster and that the drives are always more reliable.. I mean, this seems like a bold statement. He told me something about how SCSI will always be faster than SATA because the OS sends the SCSI (controller?) a request to get a file and it will build the file inside of the SCSI controller, instead of searching all over the disk.. which I do not understand how that would work, so I figure it is BS. SAS and SATA currently have equivalent data rate speeds.. Is there any true backing for his reasoning that SCSI is always faster and more reliable than SATA?

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• booting FreeBSD 9 from USB stick: boot error

  - by ssc

  I am trying to boot FreeBSD 9 from a USB stick that I created following the official guidelines: dd if=FreeBSD-9.0-RELEASE-i386-memstick.img of=/dev/da0 bs=64k Booting fails with a simple 'boot error'. I have used this USB stick for quite a while for the very purpose of booting / installing new OSs, but I tried a different one anyway - same problem. I have also reproduced the issue on a different machine. I've acquired to image file over torrent which AFAIK has an md5 check built in, but I downloaded it again anyway directly from a FreeBSD mirror. Same result. Does anyone have any success with this ? I did not find anything related online which seems to suggest this is not a well-known problem. Does anyone have a thought where else to search for the cause of the problem ?

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• How to determine the best byte size for the dd command

  - by James

  I know that doing a dd if=/dev/hda of=/dev/hdb does a deep hard drive copy. I've heard that people have been able to speed up the process by increasing the number of bytes that are read and written at a time (512) with the "bs" option. People have suggested that the optimal byte size is due to sector size. I personally think it would have something to do with the amount of cache that the hard drive has. My question is: What determines the ideal byte size for copying from a hard drive? and Why does that determine the ideal byte size?

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• Why does a zip file appear larger than the source file especially when it is text?

  - by PeanutsMonkey

  I have a text file that is 19 bytes in size and having compressed the file using zip and 7zip, it appears to be larger. I had a read of the question on Why is a 7zipped file larger than the raw file? as well as Why doesn't ZIP Compression compress anything? but considering the file is not already compressed I would have expected further compression. Attached is a screenshot. EDIT0 I took the example further by creating a file that contained random data as follows dd if=/dev/urandom of=sample.log bs=1G count=1 and attempted to compress the file using both zip and 7zip however there were no compression gains. Why is that?

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