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• Can I copy large files faster without using the file cache?

  - by Veazer

  After adding the preload package, my applications seem to speed up but if I copy a large file, the file cache grows by more than double the size of the file. By transferring a single 3-4 GB virtualbox image or video file to an external drive, this huge cache seems to remove all the preloaded applications from memory, leading to increased load times and general performance drops. Is there a way to copy large, multi-gigabyte files without caching them (i.e. bypassing the file cache)? Or a way to whitelist or blacklist specific folders from being cached?

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• From HttpRuntime.Cache to Windows Azure Caching (Preview)

  - by Jeff

  I don’t know about you, but the announcement of Windows Azure Caching (Preview) (yes, the parentheses are apparently part of the interim name) made me a lot more excited about using Azure. Why? Because one of the great performance tricks of any Web app is to cache frequently used data in memory, so it doesn’t have to hit the database, a service, or whatever. When you run your Web app on one box, HttpRuntime.Cache is a sweet and stupid-simple solution. Somewhere in the data fetching pieces of your app, you can see if an object is available in cache, and return that instead of hitting the data store. I did this quite a bit in POP Forums, and it dramatically cuts down on the database chatter. The problem is that it falls apart if you run the app on many servers, in a Web farm, where one server may initiate a change to that data, and the others will have no knowledge of the change, making it stale. Of course, if you have the infrastructure to do so, you can use something like memcached or AppFabric to do a distributed cache, and achieve the caching flavor you desire. You could do the same thing in Azure before, but it would cost more because you’d need to pay for another role or VM or something to host the cache. Now, you can use a portion of the memory from each instance of a Web role to act as that cache, with no additional cost. That’s huge. So if you’re using a percentage of memory that comes out to 100 MB, and you have three instances running, that’s 300 MB available for caching. For the uninitiated, a Web role in Azure is essentially a VM that runs a Web app (worker roles are the same idea, only without the IIS part). You can spin up many instances of the role, and traffic is load balanced to the various instances. It’s like adding or removing servers to a Web farm all willy-nilly and at your discretion, and it’s what the cloud is all about. I’d say it’s my favorite thing about Windows Azure. The slightly annoying thing about developing for a Web role in Azure is that the local emulator that’s launched by Visual Studio is a little on the slow side. If you’re used to using the built-in Web server, you’re used to building and then alt-tabbing to your browser and refreshing a page. If you’re just changing an MVC view, you’re not even doing the building part. Spinning up the simulated Azure environment is too slow for this, but ideally you want to code your app to use this fantastic distributed cache mechanism. So first off, here’s the link to the page showing how to code using the caching feature. If you’re used to using HttpRuntime.Cache, this should be pretty familiar to you. Let’s say that you want to use the Azure cache preview when you’re running in Azure, but HttpRuntime.Cache if you’re running local, or in a regular IIS server environment. Through the magic of dependency injection, we can get there pretty quickly. First, design an interface to handle the cache insertion, fetching and removal. Mine looks like this: public interface ICacheProvider {     void Add(string key, object item, int duration);     T Get<T>(string key) where T : class;     void Remove(string key); } Now we’ll create two implementations of this interface… one for Azure cache, one for HttpRuntime: public class AzureCacheProvider : ICacheProvider {     public AzureCacheProvider()     {         _cache = new DataCache("default"); // in Microsoft.ApplicationServer.Caching, see how-to      }         private readonly DataCache _cache;     public void Add(string key, object item, int duration)     {         _cache.Add(key, item, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, duration));     }     public T Get<T>(string key) where T : class     {         return _cache.Get(key) as T;     }     public void Remove(string key)     {         _cache.Remove(key);     } } public class LocalCacheProvider : ICacheProvider {     public LocalCacheProvider()     {         _cache = HttpRuntime.Cache;     }     private readonly System.Web.Caching.Cache _cache;     public void Add(string key, object item, int duration)     {         _cache.Insert(key, item, null, DateTime.UtcNow.AddMilliseconds(duration), System.Web.Caching.Cache.NoSlidingExpiration);     }     public T Get<T>(string key) where T : class     {         return _cache[key] as T;     }     public void Remove(string key)     {         _cache.Remove(key);     } } Feel free to expand these to use whatever cache features you want. I’m not going to go over dependency injection here, but I assume that if you’re using ASP.NET MVC, you’re using it. Somewhere in your app, you set up the DI container that resolves interfaces to concrete implementations (Ninject call is a “kernel” instead of a container). For this example, I’ll show you how StructureMap does it. It uses a convention based scheme, where if you need to get an instance of IFoo, it looks for a class named Foo. You can also do this mapping explicitly. The initialization of the container looks something like this: ObjectFactory.Initialize(x =>             {                 x.Scan(scan =>                         {                             scan.AssembliesFromApplicationBaseDirectory();                             scan.WithDefaultConventions();                         });                 if (Microsoft.WindowsAzure.ServiceRuntime.RoleEnvironment.IsAvailable)                     x.For<ICacheProvider>().Use<AzureCacheProvider>();                 else                     x.For<ICacheProvider>().Use<LocalCacheProvider>();             }); If you use Ninject or Windsor or something else, that’s OK. Conceptually they’re all about the same. The important part is the conditional statement that checks to see if the app is running in Azure. If it is, it maps ICacheProvider to AzureCacheProvider, otherwise it maps to LocalCacheProvider. Now when a request comes into your MVC app, and the chain of dependency resolution occurs, you can see to it that the right caching code is called. A typical design may have a call stack that goes: Controller –> BusinessLogicClass –> Repository. Let’s say your repository class looks like this: public class MyRepo : IMyRepo {     public MyRepo(ICacheProvider cacheProvider)     {         _context = new MyDataContext();         _cache = cacheProvider;     }     private readonly MyDataContext _context;     private readonly ICacheProvider _cache;     public SomeType Get(int someTypeID)     {         var key = "somename-" + someTypeID;         var cachedObject = _cache.Get<SomeType>(key);         if (cachedObject != null)         {             _context.SomeTypes.Attach(cachedObject);             return cachedObject;         }         var someType = _context.SomeTypes.SingleOrDefault(p => p.SomeTypeID == someTypeID);         _cache.Add(key, someType, 60000);         return someType;     } ... // more stuff to update, delete or whatever, being sure to remove // from cache when you do so  When the DI container gets an instance of the repo, it passes an instance of ICacheProvider to the constructor, which in this case will be whatever implementation was specified when the container was initialized. The Get method first tries to hit the cache, and of course doesn’t care what the underlying implementation is, Azure, HttpRuntime, or otherwise. If it finds the object, it returns it right then. If not, it hits the database (this example is using Entity Framework), and inserts the object into the cache before returning it. The important thing not pictured here is that other methods in the repo class will construct the key for the cached object, in this case “somename-“ plus the ID of the object, and then remove it from cache, in any method that alters or deletes the object. That way, no matter what instance of the role is processing the request, it won’t find the object if it has been made stale, that is, updated or outright deleted, forcing it to attempt to hit the database. So is this good technique? Well, sort of. It depends on how you use it, and what your testing looks like around it. Because of differences in behavior and execution of the two caching providers, for example, you could see some strange errors. For example, I immediately got an error indicating there was no parameterless constructor for an MVC controller, because the DI resolver failed to create instances for the dependencies it had. In reality, the NuGet packaged DI resolver for StructureMap was eating an exception thrown by the Azure components that said my configuration, outlined in that how-to article, was wrong. That error wouldn’t occur when using the HttpRuntime. That’s something a lot of people debate about using different components like that, and how you configure them. I kinda hate XML config files, and like the idea of the code-based approach above, but you should be darn sure that your unit and integration testing can account for the differences.

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• Cached ObjectDataSource not firing Select Event even Cache Dependecy Removed

  - by John Polvora

  I have the following scenario. A Page with a DetailsView binded to an ObjectDatasource with cache-enabled. The SelectMethod is assigned at Page_Load event, depending on my User Level Logic. After assigned the selectMethod and Parameters for the ODS, if Cache not exists, then ODS will be cached the first time. The next time, the cache will be applied to the ODS and the select event don't need to be fired since the dataresult is cached. The problem is, the ODS Cache works fine, but I have a Refresh button to clear the cache and rebind the DetailsView. Am I doing correctly ? Below is my code. <asp:DetailsView ID="DetailsView1" runat="server" DataSourceID="ObjectDataSource_Summary" EnableModelValidation="True" EnableViewState="False" ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None"> </asp:DetailsView> <asp:ObjectDataSource ID="ObjectDataSource_Summary" runat="server" SelectMethod="" TypeName="BL.BusinessLogic" EnableCaching="true"> <SelectParameters> <asp:Parameter Name="idCompany" Type="String" /> <SelectParameters> </asp:ObjectDataSource> <asp:ImageButton ID="ImageButton_Refresh" runat="server" OnClick="RefreshClick" ImageUrl="~/img/refresh.png" /> And here is the code behind public partial class Index : Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { ObjectDataSource_Summary.SelectMethod = ""; ObjectDataSource_Summary.SelectParameters[0].DefaultValue = ""; switch (this._loginData.UserLevel) //this is a struct I use for control permissions e pages behaviour { case OperNivel.SysAdmin: case OperNivel.SysOperator: { ObjectDataSource_Summary.SelectMethod = "SystemSummary"; ObjectDataSource_Summary.SelectParameters[0].DefaultValue = "0"; break; } case OperNivel.CompanyAdmin: case OperNivel.CompanyOperator: { ObjectDataSource_Summary.SelectMethod = "CompanySummary"; ObjectDataSource_Summary.SelectParameters[0].DefaultValue = this._loginData.UserLevel.ToString(); break; } default: break; } } protected void Page_LoadComplete(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (Cache[ObjectDataSource_Summary.CacheKeyDependency] == null) { this._loginData.LoginDatetime = DateTime.Now; Session["loginData"] = _loginData; Cache[ObjectDataSource_Summary.CacheKeyDependency] = _loginData; DetailsView1.DataBind(); } } protected void RefreshClick(object sender, ImageClickEventArgs e) { Cache.Remove(ObjectDataSource_Summary.CacheKeyDependency); } } Can anyone help me? The Select() Event of the ObjectDasource is not firing even I Remove the CacheKey Dependency

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• RAID 0 Volatile Volume Cache Mode configuration

  - by SnippetSpace

  I discovered that in IRST there is an option to set a cache mode for my 3 ssd raid 0 array. I've read the documentation by Intel and have some questions: Are there any overall benefits/risks from enabling cache mode? As I'm on a laptop, would write back be recommended? I read it increases chance of data loss on power interruption. What is the difference between how windows handles data integrity and the intel driver? Read only mode seems to have the benefit of faster reads, does it have any downsides? Thanks for your help guys!

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• tweak windows 7 virtual memory and cache / caching settings

  - by bortao

  im on windows 7 64 bit, with 4gb of memory whenever i copy or deal with a big ammount of data, windows swaps out everything from memory to the virtual memory swapfile, to make room to data cache. the problem is: i dont really need caching of this data im copying, its being copied only once, cacheing this data won't help me. on the other hand, swapping out the programs will give me a big lag time whenever i want to use those open programs again. what i want: restrict data cache to a certain ammount, lets say 1gb, or reserve a certain ammount of memory, lets say 2gb, exclusively for running programs memory. my swap file is on a separate partition, but i still have problems with swapping time.

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• tweak windows 7 virtual memory and cache / caching settings

  - by bortao

  im on windows 7 64 bit, with 4gb of memory whenever i copy or deal with a big ammount of data, windows swaps out everything from memory to the virtual memory swapfile, to make room to data cache. the problem is: i dont really need caching of this data im copying, its being copied only once, cacheing this data won't help me. on the other hand, swapping out the programs will give me a big lag time whenever i want to use those open programs again. what i want: restrict data cache to a certain ammount, lets say 1gb, or reserve a certain ammount of memory, lets say 2gb, exclusively for running programs memory. my swap file is on a separate partition, but i still have problems with swapping time.

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• How to place SuperFetch cache on an SSD?

  - by Ian Boyd

  I'm thinking of adding a solid state drive (SSD) to my existing Windows 7 installation. I know I can (and should) move my paging file to the SSD: Should the pagefile be placed on SSDs? Yes. Most pagefile operations are small random reads or larger sequential writes, both of which are types of operations that SSDs handle well. In looking at telemetry data from thousands of traces and focusing on pagefile reads and writes, we find that Pagefile.sys reads outnumber pagefile.sys writes by about 40 to 1, Pagefile.sys read sizes are typically quite small, with 67% less than or equal to 4 KB, and 88% less than 16 KB. Pagefile.sys writes are relatively large, with 62% greater than or equal to 128 KB and 45% being exactly 1 MB in size. In fact, given typical pagefile reference patterns and the favorable performance characteristics SSDs have on those patterns, there are few files better than the pagefile to place on an SSD. What I don't know is if I even can put a SuperFetch cache (i.e. ReadyBoost cache) on the solid state drive. I want to get the benefit of Windows being able to cache gigabytes of frequently accessed data on a relativly small (e.g. 30GB) solid state drive. This is exactly what SuperFetch+ReadyBoost (or SuperFetch+ReadyDrive) was designed for. Will Windows offer (or let) me place a ReadyBoost cache on a solid state flash drive connected via SATA? A problem with the ReadyBoost cache over the ReadyDrive cache is that the ReadyBoost cache does not survive between reboots. The cache is encrypted with a per-session key, making its existing contents unusable during boot and SuperFetch pre-fetching during login. Update One I know that Windows Vista limited you to only one ReadyBoost.sfcache file (I do not know if Windows 7 removed that limitation): Q: Can use use multiple devices for EMDs? A: Nope. We've limited Vista to one ReadyBoost per machine Q: Why just one device? A: Time and quality. Since this is the first revision of the feature, we decided to focus on making the single device exceptional, without the difficulties of managing multiple caches. We like the idea, though, and it's under consideration for future versions. I also know that the 4GB limit on the cache file was a limitation of the FAT filesystem used on most USB sticks - an SSD drive would be formatted with NTFS: Q: What's the largest amount of flash that I can use for ReadyBoost? A: You can use up to 4GB of flash for ReadyBoost (which turns out to be 8GB of cache w/ the compression) Q: Why can't I use more than 4GB of flash? A: The FAT32 filesystem limits our ReadyBoost.sfcache file to 4GB Can a ReadyBoost cache on an NTFS volume be larger than 4GB? Update Two The ReadyBoost cache is encrypted with a per-boot session key. This means that the cache has to be re-built after each boot, and cannot be used to help speed boot times, or latency from login to usable. Windows ReadyDrive technology takes advantage of non-volatile (NV) memory (i.e. flash) that is incorporated with some hybrid hard drives. This flash cache can be used to help Windows boot, or resume from hibernate faster. Will Windows 7 use an internal SSD drive as a ReadyBoost/*ReadyDrive*/SuperFetch cache? Is it possible to make Windows store a SuperFetch cache (i.e. ReadyBoost) on a non-removable SSD? Is it possible to not encrypt the ReadyBoost cache, and if so will Windows 7 use the cache at boot time? See also SuperUser.com: ReadyBoost + SSD = ? Windows 7 - ReadyBoost & SSD drives? Support and Q&A for Solid-State Drives Using SDD as a cache for HDD, is there a solution? Performance increase using SSD for paging/fetch/cache or ReadyBoost? (Win7) Windows 7 To Boost SSD Performance How to Disable Nonvolatile Caching

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• Strange Unclearable Cache Issue with Gmail and Google Apps

  - by Brian

  I am having a strange issue with Gmail and Google Apps... have a look at this screenshot: http://cld.ly/f51ume notice the missing images for the rounded corners? Well this is not such a problem but something similar to a cache issue is causing this as well as no background image, but MOST IMPORTANTLY chat and other "clickable" features aren't working. I've already cleared my cache multiple times and quit and re-started Firefox with no change. Everything is OK in other browsers. Any other debug suggestions?

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• 503 error Varnish cache when eAccelerator is started

  - by Netismine

  I have a Magento installation running on x-large Amazon server. I have Varnish, memcached and eAccelerator installed on the server. At first everything was working fine, but then at some point it stopped working, throwing 503 error with Varnish cache stamp below it. When I disable eaccelerator, error is gone and site is working. This is my eaccelerator config: extension="eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size = "512" eaccelerator.cache_dir = "/var/cache/php-eaccelerator" eaccelerator.enable = "1" eaccelerator.optimizer = "1" eaccelerator.debug = 0 eaccelerator.log_file = "/var/log/httpd/eaccelerator_log" eaccelerator.name_space = "" eaccelerator.check_mtime = "1" eaccelerator.filter = "" eaccelerator.shm_ttl = "0" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period = "0" eaccelerator.shm_only = "0" eaccelerator.allowed_admin_path = "" any hints?

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• Force Windows to cache executables without running them?

  - by Josh Einstein

  Is there a way to force Windows to pre-load certain EXE/DLL binaries into its prefetch/superfetch cache as if they had been executed? I have a particular application that loads pretty slowly on first run but if it's "warm" (recently executed) it starts pretty quickly. I'd like to prime the cache early in the background before the application is needed. But since it shows a UI, I'm looking for a way to do this silently. So simply launching the application it isn't ideal. Thanks you in advance. Prompted by David's suggestion in the comments, I wrote a PowerShell script to memory map the files, seek to the end, and close them. I haven't done any controlled tests yet and it could just be my imagination, but Sublime Text (the application in question) appeared to load much more quickly this time around and I haven't used it for several hours.

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• using one disk as cache for others

  - by HugoRune

  Hi Given a PC with several hard drives: Is it possible to use one fast disk as a giant file cache? I.e. automatically copying frequently accessed data to that one disk, and transparently redirecting reads and writes to that disk, so that other drives would only have be accessed occassionally. (writes would have to be forwarded to the other disks after a while of course) Advantages: the other drives could be powered down most of the time; reducing power, heat, noise speed of the other drives would not matter much. cache disk could be solid state. How can I set such a system up? What OS supports these options? Is this possible at all using Windows or Linux?

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• Google Chrome not using local cache

  - by Steve

  Hi. I've been using Google Chrome as a substitute for Firefox not being able to handle having lots of tabs open at the same time. Unfortunately, it looks like Chrome is having the same problem. Freakin useless. I had to end Chrome as my whole system had slowed to a crawl. When I restarted it, I opted to restore the tabs that were last open. At this stage, every one of the 20+ tabs srated downloading the pages they had previously had open. My question is: why can't they open a locally stored/saved copy of the web page from cache? Does Google Chrome store pages in a cache? Also: after most of the pages had completed their downloading, I clicked on each tab to view the page. Half of them only display a white page, and I have to reload the page manually. What is causing this? Thanks for your help.

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• HTTP Cache Control max-age, must-revalidate

  - by nyb

  I have a couple of queries related to Cache-Control. If I specify Cache-Control "max-age=3600, must-revalidate" for a static html/js/images/css file, with Last Modified Header defined in HTTP header, a. Does browser/proxy cache(liek Squid/Akamai) go all the way to orgin server to validate before max-age expires? Or will it serve content from cache till max-age expires? b. After max-age expiry(that is expiry from cache), is there a IMS check or is content re-downloaded from origin server w/o IMS check?

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• MySQL query cache and PHP variables

  - by Saif Bechan

  I have seen the following statement made about the query cache: // query cache does NOT work $r = mysql_query("SELECT username FROM user WHERE signup_date >= CURDATE()"); // query cache works! $today = date("Y-m-d"); $r = mysql_query("SELECT username FROM user WHERE signup_date >= '$today'"); So the query cache only works on the second query. I was wondering if the query cache will also work on this: define('__TODAY',date("Y-m-d")); $r = mysql_query("SELECT username FROM user WHERE signup_date >= '".__TODAY."'");

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• how to disable web page cache throughout the servlets

  - by Kurt

  To no-cache web page, in the java controller servlet, I did somthing like this in a method: public ModelAndView home(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(ViewConstants.MV_MAIN_HOME); mav.addObject("testing", "Test this string"); mav.addObject(request); response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store"); response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); return mav; } But this only works for a particular response object. I have many similar methods in a servlet. And I have many servlets too. If I want to disable cache throughout the application, what should I do? (I do not want to add above code for every single response object) Thanks in advance.

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• SQL Server Manageability Series: how to change the default path of .cache files of a data collector? #sql #mdw #dba

  - by ssqa.net

  How to change the default path of .cache files of a data collector after the Management Data Warehouse (MDW has been setup? This was the question asked by one of the DBAs in a client's place, instantly I enquired that were there any folder specified while setting up the MDW and obvious answer was no as there were left default. This means all the .CACHE files are stored under %C\TEMP directory which may post out of disk space problem on the server where the MDW is setup to collect. Going back...(read more)

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• Would there be any negative side-effects of sharing /var/cache/apt/ between two systems?

  - by ændrük

  In the interest of conserving bandwidth, I'm considering mounting a VirtualBox host's /var/cache/apt as /var/cache/apt in the guest. Both host and guest are Ubuntu 10.10 32-bit. Would there be any negative consequences to doing this? I'm aware of the more robust solutions like apt-proxy, but I'd prefer this simpler solution if it's possible in order to spare the host the overhead of running extra services.

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• jQuery MultiFile - how to clear / reset ?

  - by eidylon

  Hi all, I'm using the jQuery multi-file upload plugin found here: http://www.fyneworks.com/jquery/multiple-file-upload/ I don't see in any of the examples though a way to "reset" the file-picker, clearing out any currently selected items. Any one know how to do this? Thanks!

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• jboss cache as hibernate 2nd level - cluster node doesn't persist replicated data

  - by Sergey Grashchenko

  I'm trying to build an architecture basically described in user guide http://www.jboss.org/file-access/default/members/jbosscache/freezone/docs/3.2.1.GA/userguide_en/html/cache_loaders.html#d0e3090 (Replicated caches with each cache having its own store.) but having jboss cache configured as hibernate second level cache. I've read manual for several days and played with the settings but could not achieve the result - the data in memory (jboss cache) gets replicated across the hosts, but it's not persisted in the datasource/database of the target (not original) cluster host. I had a hope that a node might become persistent at eviction, so I've got a cache listener and attached it to @NoveEvicted event. I found that though I could adjust eviction policy to fully control it, no any persistence takes place. Then I had a though that I could try to modify CacheLoader to set "passivate" to true, but I found that in my case (hibernate 2nd level cache) I don't have a way to access a loader. I wonder if replicated data persistence is possible at all by configuration tuning ? If not, will it work for me to create some manual peristence in CacheListener (I could check whether the eviction event is local, and if not - persist it to hibernate datasource somehow) ? I've used mvcc-entity configuration with the modification of cacheMode - set to REPL_ASYNC. I've also played with the eviction policy configuration. Last thing to mention is that I've tested entty persistence and replication in project that has been generated with Seam. I guess it's not important though.

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• Zend Metadata Cache in file

  - by Matthieu

  I set up a metadata cache in Zend Framework because a lot of DESCRIBE queries were executed and it affected the performances. $frontendOptions = array ('automatic_serialization' => true); $backendOptions = array ('cache_dir' => CACHE_PATH . '/db-tables-metadata'); $cache = Zend_Cache::factory( 'Core', 'File', $frontendOptions, $backendOptions ); Zend_Db_Table::setDefaultMetadataCache($cache); I can indeed see the cache files created, and the website works great. However, when I launch unit tests, or a script of the same application that perform DB queries, I end up with an error because Zend couldn't read the cache files. This is because in the website, the cache files are created by the www user, and when I run phpunit or a script, it tries to read them with my user and it fails. Do you see any solution to that? I have some quickfix ideas but I'm looking for a good/stable solution. And I'd rather avoid running phpunit or the scripts as www if possible (for practical reasons).

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• ????ASMM

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ???Oracle??????????????SGA/PGA???,????10g????????????ASMM????,????????ASMM?????????Oracle??????????,?ASMM??????DBA????????????;????????ASMM???????????????DBA???:????????????DB,?????????????DBA?????????????????????????????????,ASMM??????????,???????????,??????????,??????????????????;?10g release 1?10.2??????ASMM?????????????,???????ASMM????????ASMM?????startup???????????ASMM??AMM??,????????DBA????SGA/PGA?????????”??”??”???”???,???????????DBA????chemist(???????1??2??????????????)? ?????????????????ASMM?????,?????????????…… Oracle?SGA???????9i???????????,????: Buffer Cache ????????????,??????????????? Default Pool                  ??????,???DB_CACHE_SIZE?? Keep Pool                     ??????,???DB_KEEP_CACHE_SIZE?? Non standard pool         ???????,???DB_nK_cache_size?? Recycle pool                 ???,???db_recycle_cache_size?? Shared Pool ???,???shared_pool_size?? Library cache   ?????? Row cache      ???,?????? Java Pool         java?,???Java_pool_size?? Large Pool       ??,???Large_pool_size?? Fixed SGA       ???SGA??,???Oracle???????,?????????granule? ?9i?????ASMM,???????????SGA,??????MSMM??9i???buffer cache??????????,?????????????????????????,???9i?????????????,?????????????????????????? ????SGA?????: ?????shared pool?default buffer pool????????,??????????? ?9i???????????(advisor),?????????? ??????????????? ?????????,?????? ?????,?????ORA-04031?????????? ASMM?????: ?????????? ???????????????? ???????sga_target?? ???????????,??????????? ??MSMM???????: ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????,??????????? ??????????????????,??????????ORA-04031??? ASMM???????????:1.??????sga_target???????2.???????,???:????(memory component),????(memory broker)???????(memory mechanism)3.????(memory advisor) ASMM????????????(Automatically set),??????:shared_pool_size?db_cache_size?java_pool_size?large_pool _size?streams_pool_size;?????????????????,???:db_keep_cache_size?db_recycle_cache_size?db_nk_cache_size?log_buffer????SGA?????,????????????????,??log_buffer?fixed sga??????????????? ??ASMM?????????sga_target??,???????ASMM??????????????????db_cache_size?java_pool_size???,?????????????????????,????????????????????(???)????????,Oracle?????????(granule,?SGA<1GB?granule???4M,?SGA>1GB?granule???16M)???????,??????????????buffer cache,??????????????????(granule)??????????????????????sga_target??,???????????????????(dism,???????)???ASMM?????????????statistics_level?????typical?ALL,?????BASIC??MMON????(Memory Monitor is a background process that gathers memory statistics (snapshots) stores this information in the AWR (automatic workload repository). MMON is also responsible for issuing alerts for metrics that exceed their thresholds)?????????????????????ASMM?????,???????????sga_target?????statistics_level?BASIC: SQL> show parameter sga NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ lock_sga boolean FALSE pre_page_sga boolean FALSE sga_max_size big integer 2000M sga_target big integer 2000M SQL> show parameter sga_target NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ sga_target big integer 2000M SQL> alter system set statistics_level=BASIC; alter system set statistics_level=BASIC * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02097: parameter cannot be modified because specified value is invalid ORA-00830: cannot set statistics_level to BASIC with auto-tune SGA enabled ?????server parameter file?spfile??,ASMM????shutdown??????????????(Oracle???????,????????)???spfile?,?????strings?????spfile????????????????????,?: G10R2.__db_cache_size=973078528 G10R2.__java_pool_size=16777216 G10R2.__large_pool_size=16777216 G10R2.__shared_pool_size=1006632960 G10R2.__streams_pool_size=67108864 ???spfile?????????????????,???????????”???”?????,??????????”??”?? ?ASMM?????????????? ?????(tunable):????????????????????????????buffer cache?????????,cache????????????????,?????????? IO????????????????????????????Library cache????? subheap????,?????????????????????????????????(open cursors)?????????client??????????????buffer cache???????,???????????pin??buffer???(???????) ?????(Un-tunable):???????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????large pool?????? ??????(Fixed Size):???????????,??????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????(memory resize request)?????????,?????: ??????(Immediate Request):???????????ASMM????????????????????????(chunk)?,??????OUT-OF-MEMORY(ORA-04031)???,????????????????????(granule)????????????????????granule,????????????,?????????????????????????????,????granule??????????????? ??????(Deferred Request):???????????????????????????,??????????????granule???????????????MMON??????????delta. ??????(Manual Request):????????????alter system?????????????????????????????????????????????????granule,??????grow?????ORA-4033??,?????shrink?????ORA-4034??? ?ASMM????,????(Memory Broker)????????????????????????????(Deferred)??????????????????????(auto-tunable component)???????????????,???????????????MMON??????????????????????????????????,????????????????;MMON????Memory Broker?????????????????????????MMON????????????????????????????????????????(resize request system queue)?MMAN????(Memory Manager is a background process that manages the dynamic resizing of SGA memory areas as the workload increases or decreases)??????????????????? ?10gR1?Shared Pool?shrink??????????,?????????????Buffer Cache???????????granule,????Buffer Cache?granule????granule header?Metadata(???buffer header??RAC??Lock Elements)????,?????????????????????shared pool????????duration(?????)?chunk??????granule?,????????????granule??10gR2????Buffer Cache Granule????????granule header?buffer?Metadata(buffer header?LE)????,??shared pool???duration?chunk????????granule,??????buffer cache?shared pool??????????????10gr2?streams pool?????????(???????streams pool duration????) ??????????(Donor,???trace????)???,?????????granule???buffer cache,????granule????????????: ????granule???????granule header ?????chunk????granule?????????buffer header ???,???chunk??????????????????????metadata? ???2-4??,???granule???? ??????????????????,??buffer cache??granule???shared pool?,???????: MMAN??????????buffer cache???granule MMAN????granule??quiesce???(Moving 1 granule from inuse to quiesce list of DEFAULT buffer cache for an immediate req) DBWR???????quiesced???granule????buffer(dirty buffer) MMAN??shared pool????????(consume callback),granule?free?chunk???shared pool??(consume)?,????????????????????granule????shared granule??????,???????????granule???????????,??????pin??buffer??Metadata(???buffer header?LE)?????buffer cache??? ???granule???????shared pool,???granule?????shared??? ?????ASMM???????????,??????????: _enabled_shared_pool_duration:?????????10g????shared pool duration??,?????sga_target?0?????false;???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time???true??????false,???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time????? _memory_broker_shrink_heaps:???????0??Oracle?????shared pool?java pool,??????0,??shrink request??????????????????? _memory_management_tracing: ???????MMON?MMAN??????????(advisor)?????(Memory Broker)?????trace???;??ORA-04031????????36,???8?????????????trace,???23????Memory Broker decision???,???32???cache resize???;??????????: Level Contents 0×01 Enables statistics tracing 0×02 Enables policy tracing 0×04 Enables transfer of granules tracing 0×08 Enables startup tracing 0×10 Enables tuning tracing 0×20 Enables cache tracing ?????????_memory_management_tracing?????DUMP_TRANSFER_OPS????????????????,?????????????????trace?????????mman_trace?transfer_ops_dump? SQL> alter system set "_memory_management_tracing"=63; System altered Operation make shared pool grow and buffer cache shrink!!!.............. ???????granule?????,????default buffer pool?resize??: AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after pre-processing, ret=0 /* ???0xdc9c2628??????addr */ AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0xdc9c2628 /* ???????????Immediate???? */ AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=16, state=3, flg=0 /* ?????????shared pool,???,????16?granule,??grow?? */ AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=106, state=4, flg=0 /* ???????Default buffer cache,????,????106?granule,??shrink?? */ AUTO SGA: Memory requested=3896, remaining=3896 /* ??immeidate request???????3896 bytes */ AUTO SGA: Memory received=0, minreq=3896, gransz=16777216 /* ????free?granule,??received?0,gransz?granule??? */ AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 status is INACTIVE /* ??????????,??????inactive?? */ AUTO SGA: Init bef rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 /* ????????before-process???? */ AUTO SGA: Set rq dc9c2628 status to PENDING /* ?request??pending?? */ AUTO SGA: 0xca000000 rem=3896, rcvd=16777216, 105, 16777216, 17 /* ???????0xca000000?16M??granule */ AUTO SGA: Returning 4 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 4, 1, a AUTO SGA: Resize done for pool DEFAULT, 8192 /* ???default pool?resize */ AUTO SGA: Init aft rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after processing AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0x7fff917964a0 AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=17, state=0, flg=0 AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=105, state=0, flg=0 AUTO SGA: Memory requested=3896, remaining=0 AUTO SGA: Memory received=16777216, minreq=3896, gransz=16777216 AUTO SGA: Request 0x7fff917964a0 status is COMPLETE /* shared pool????16M?granule */ AUTO SGA: activated granule 0xca000000 of shared pool ?????partial granule????????????trace: AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after pre-processing, ret=0 AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=82, state=3, flg=1 AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=36, state=4, flg=1 /* ????????shared pool,?????default buffer cache */ AUTO SGA: Memory requested=4120, remaining=4120 AUTO SGA: Memory received=0, minreq=4120, gransz=16777216 AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 status is INACTIVE AUTO SGA: Init bef rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Set rq dc9c2628 status to PENDING AUTO SGA: Moving granule 0x93000000 of DEFAULT buffer cache to activate list AUTO SGA: Moving 1 granule 0x8c000000 from inuse to quiesce list of DEFAULT buffer cache for an immediate req /* ???buffer cache??????0x8c000000?granule??????inuse list, ???????quiesce list? */ AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: activated granule 0x93000000 of DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 / * ??dbwr??0x8c000000 granule????dirty buffer */ AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 AUTO SGA: Returning 0 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 0, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: NOT_FREE for imm req for gran 0x8c000000 ......................................... AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 8192 from 0x8c000000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 90112 from 0x8c002000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 24576 from 0x8c01a000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 65536 from 0x8c022000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 131072 from 0x8c034000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 286720 from 0x8c056000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 98304 from 0x8c09e000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache AUTO SGA: Rcv shared pool consuming 106496 from 0x8c0b8000 in granule 0x8c000000; owner is DEFAULT buffer cache ..................... /* ??shared pool????0x8c000000 granule??chunk, ??granule?owner????default buffer cache */ AUTO SGA: Imm xfer 0x8c000000 from quiesce list of DEFAULT buffer cache to partial inuse list of shared pool /* ???0x8c000000 granule?default buffer cache????????shared pool????inuse list */ AUTO SGA: Returning 4 from kmgs_process for request dc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Process req dc9c2628 ret 4, 1, 20a AUTO SGA: Init aft rsz for request 0xdc9c2628 AUTO SGA: Request 0xdc9c2628 after processing AUTO SGA: IMMEDIATE, FG request 0x7fffe9bcd0e0 AUTO SGA: Receiver of memory is shared pool, size=83, state=0, flg=1 AUTO SGA: Donor of memory is DEFAULT buffer cache, size=35, state=0, flg=1 AUTO SGA: Memory requested=4120, remaining=0 AUTO SGA: Memory received=14934016, minreq=4120, gransz=16777216 AUTO SGA: Request 0x7fffe9bcd0e0 status is COMPLETE /* ????partial transfer?? */ ?????partial transfer??????DUMP_TRANSFER_OPS????0x8c000000 partial granule???????,?: SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump DUMP_TRANSFER_OPS 1; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name; /s01/admin/G10R2/udump/g10r2_ora_21482.trc =======================trace content============================== GRANULE SIZE is 16777216 COMPONENT NAME : shared pool Number of granules in partially inuse list (listid 4) is 23 Granule addr is 0x8c000000 Granule owner is DEFAULT buffer cache /* ?0x8c000000 granule?shared pool?partially inuse list, ?????owner??default buffer cache */ Granule 0x8c000000 dump from owner perspective gptr = 0x8c000000, num buf hdrs = 1989, num buffers = 156, ghdr = 0x8cffe000 / * ?????granule?granule header????0x8cffe000, ????156?buffer block,1989?buffer header */ /* ??granule??????,??????buffer cache??shared pool chunk */ BH:0x8cf76018 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76128 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76238 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76348 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76458 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76568 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76678 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76788 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76898 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf769a8 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76ab8 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76bc8 BA:(nil) st:11 flg:20000 BH:0x8cf76cd8 BA:0x8c018000 st:1 flg:622202 ............... Address 0x8cf30000 to 0x8cf74000 not in cache Address 0x8cf74000 to 0x8d000000 in cache Granule 0x8c000000 dump from receivers perspective Dumping layout Address 0x8c000000 to 0x8c018000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c018000 to 0x8c01a000 not in this pool Address 0x8c01a000 to 0x8c020000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c020000 to 0x8c022000 not in this pool Address 0x8c022000 to 0x8c032000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c032000 to 0x8c034000 not in this pool Address 0x8c034000 to 0x8c054000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c054000 to 0x8c056000 not in this pool Address 0x8c056000 to 0x8c09c000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c09c000 to 0x8c09e000 not in this pool Address 0x8c09e000 to 0x8c0b6000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) Address 0x8c0b6000 to 0x8c0b8000 not in this pool Address 0x8c0b8000 to 0x8c0d2000 in sga heap(1,3) (idx=1, dur=4) ???????granule?????shared granule??????,?????????buffer block,????1?shared subpool??????durtaion?4?chunk,duration=4?execution duration;??duration?chunk???????????,??extent???quiesce list??????????????free?execution duration?????????????,??????duration???extent(??????extent????granule)??????? ?????????????ASMM?????????,????: V$SGAINFODisplays summary information about the system global area (SGA). V$SGADisplays size information about the SGA, including the sizes of different SGA components, the granule size, and free memory. V$SGASTATDisplays detailed information about the SGA. V$SGA_DYNAMIC_COMPONENTSDisplays information about the dynamic SGA components. This view summarizes information based on all completed SGA resize operations since instance startup. V$SGA_DYNAMIC_FREE_MEMORYDisplays information about the amount of SGA memory available for future dynamic SGA resize operations. V$SGA_RESIZE_OPSDisplays information about the last 400 completed SGA resize operations. V$SGA_CURRENT_RESIZE_OPSDisplays information about SGA resize operations that are currently in progress. A resize operation is an enlargement or reduction of a dynamic SGA component. V$SGA_TARGET_ADVICEDisplays information that helps you tune SGA_TARGET. ?????????shared pool duration???,?????????

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• Nginx, memcached and cakephp: memcached module always misses cache

  - by Tim

  I've got a simple nginx configuration; server{ servername localhost; root /var/www/webroot; location / { set $memcached_key $uri; index index.php index.html; try_files $uri $uri/ @cache; } location @cache { memcached_pass localhost:11211; default_type text/html; error_page 404 @fallback; } location @fallback{ try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?url=$uri&$args; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_param MEM_KEY $memcached_key; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; } } I've got a CakePHP helper that saves the view into memcached using the MEM_KEY parameter. I have tested it and it's working, however, nginx is always going to the @fallback direction. How can I go about troubleshooting this behavior? Would could the problem be?

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• Utility to store/cache all web pages and YouTube videos

  - by jonathanconway

  I found myself in the following situation. I'm travelling abroad with my laptop. I connect to a WiFi point and do a bit of browsing and play a YouTube video or two. Then I disconnect and hop on either a plane or taxi. Now I want to go back to some of the webpages I was browsing before and continue reading them, or watch some more of that YouTube video. Unfortunately it seems like none of these resources are cached, or if they are, I have no idea how to access them. Here's what I'd like: A utility that starts when my computer boots and sits in the background, silently caching all the web pages that I view. Not only that, but also the resources such as YouTube videos. Later, when I re-navigate to a site while disconnected, the browser automatically pulls the pages from my cache rather than giving me a 404 error. Or I can click an icon in the system tray and see a list of all the pages/videos in the cache and view any that I like. I'm sure Internet Explorer had a feature like this at some point, like "Offline Mode" or something. But these days it doesn't seem to work. Even when I select that option I still can't view pages that I'm certain I downloaded before. So has the utility I'm talking about been developed yet?

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• SSD cache to minimize HDD spin-up time?

  - by sirprize

  short version first: I'm looking for Linux compatible software which is able to transparently cache HDD writes using an SSD. However, I only want to spin up the HDD once or twice a day (to write the cached data to the HDD). The rest of the time, the HDD should not be spinning due to noise concerns. Now the longer version: I have built a completely silent computer running Xubuntu. It has a A10-6700T APU, huge fanless cooler, fanless PSU, SSD. The problem is: it also has (and needs) a noisy HDD and I want to forbid spinning it up during the night. All writes should be cached on the SSD, reads are not needed in the night. Throughout every day, this computer will automatically download about 5 GB of data which will be retained for about a year, giving a total needed disk capacity of slightly less than 2 TB. This data is currently stored on a 3 TB noisy hard disk drive which is spinning day and night. Sometimes, I'll need to access some data from several months ago. However, most times I'll only need data from the last 14 days, which would fit on the SSD. Ideally, I'd like a transparent solution (all data on one filesystem) which caches all writes to the SSD, writing to the HDD only once a day. Reads would be served by the cache if they were still on the SDD, else the HDD would have to spin up. I have tried bcache without much success (using cache_mode=writeback, writeback_running=0, writeback_delay=86400, sequential_cutoff=0, congested_write_threshold_us=0 - anything missing?) and I read about ZFS ZIL/L2ARC but I'm not sure I can achieve my goal with ZFS. Any pointers? If all else fails, I will simply use some scripts to automatically copy files over to the big drive while deleting the oldest files from the SSD.

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• Unexplained cache RAM drops on Linux machine

  - by FunkyChicken

  I run a CentOS 5.7 64 machine with 24gb ram and running kernel 2.6.18-274.12.1.el5. This machine runs only Nginx, php-fpm and Xcache as extra applications. Since about 3 weeks my memory behavior on this machine has changed and I cannot explain why. There are no crons running which flush anything like this. There are also no large numbers of files being deleted/changed during these drops. The 'cached' memory gets dropped about every few hours, but it's never a set gap between flushes, this indicates to me that some bottleneck gets reached instead. It also always seems to be when total memory usages gets to about 18GB, but again, not always exactly 18GB. This is a graph of my memory usage: As you can see in the graph the 'buffers' always stay more or less the same, it is mainly the 'cache' that gets dropped. Running vmstat -m I have outputted the memory usage just before and just after a memory drop. The output is here: http://pastebin.com/diff.php?i=hJqZqztm 'old version' being before, 'new version' being after a drop. About 3 weeks ago my server crashed during a heavy DDOS attack, after I rebooted the machine this odd behavior started. I have checked a bunch of logs, restarted the machine again, and cannot find any indication what changed. During these 'cache' memory drops, my iNode usage drops at the same time. Does anyone have any idea what might be causing this behavior? Clearly my RAM isn't full, so I am curious why this could be happening.

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