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• Cloning to a smaller hard drive with DDRescue

  - by krebshack

  I am currently working with a 700 GB Seagate hard drive that's beginning to fail. I'll call this "SDB" from now on. I'd like to clone it while I'm still able to. However, the only hard drive that I have available is a 500 GB WD hard drive. I'll call this "SDC" from now on. The partition scheme on SDB is as follows: 9.77 GB is allocated to a recovery partition and the remaining 688.87 GB is allocated to a Windows partition. Both are formatted using NTFS. There is no partition scheme on SDC. I know how to clone one hard drive to another using DDRescue but I've only done it using hard drives that are the same size. For your reference, I'll normally use the command "ddrescue -v -r 3 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc example.log". I'd like to know if it's possible to do this with DDRescue. I've read the manual from GNU (http://www.gnu.org/software/ddrescue/manual/ddrescue_manual.html) and I haven't seen anything indicating that it is possible. I'm just looking for some confirmation that this is a correct impression. If it's not possible, then it would be helpful if any of y'all would be able to make some work around suggestions. But please don't feel obligated to do that. I don't want to have my one thread bogged down with two many questions.

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• What to do with old hard drives?

  - by caliban

  I have over 100+ old hard drives, ranging from 100MB Quantums to 200GB WDs, most of them PATA, some SATA. Most still working. The squirrel mentality runs in my family - hoard everything, discard nothing. Thus, and this is a relevant question - any suggestions on how to put these drives to use (anything) instead of them just being deadweights and space takers around the office? Hopeful objectives and suggestions to keep in mind when you post an answer : Should showcase your geekiness, or plain fun, or serve a social purpose, or benefit the community. You do not need to limit your answer to only one hard drive - if your project needs all 100++, bring it on! Your answer need not be limited to one project per hard drive - if one hard drive can be used for multiple projects, bring it on! If additional accessories need be purchased, make sure they are common. Don't tell me to get a moon rock or something. The projects you suggested should serve a utility, and not just for decoration purposes.

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• hard drive sectors vs. tracks

  - by Phenom

  In one rotation, how many sectors are passed over and how many tracks are passed over? If you know the average value of sectors per track for a hard drive, how do you use this to estimate the number of cylinders? Do all modern hard drives have 63 sectors per track? Are there any hard drives that have more than this?

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• Repair corrupt hard disk on Mac without install CD

  - by Sarah

  The hard disk of my late 2009 MacBook Pro appears to have become corrupted. I am traveling and do not have my install CD (and won't for several weeks, nor will I be anywhere near an Apple store). The hard disk is not the original, which failed in June 2011. It's some Hitachi replacement installed by IT. History: I was typing an email this afternoon, my computer suddenly started making soft clicking sounds and then froze. I was not moving around. I rebooted, which took a while. I heard more clicking sounds and the computer froze at least once again. It's now kind of working, with mdworker sucking up one CPU. There are no awkward hard drive sounds when I run Chrome or play music. However, when I launched Stickies, I found no trace of my saved Stickies. I ran a live disk verification from within Disk Utility, and it reported Problem: As reported, I don't have access to an installation disc and am nowhere near an area where I can get one for at least two weeks. I have the option of asking someone to go to some trouble and expense to get one for me, but I'm not sure it's worth it: I've read that I can use fsck from single-user mode to repair the disk. Should I just try this? Is it risky? I'm concerned that the clicky sound portends imminent (mechanical) hard drive failure, so it's not worth doing a silly repair. This hard disk is backed up, but I definitely won't be able to access the backup while traveling. I'd like to maximize the probability that I can keep using my computer (and all its current files) while traveling. Update I bit the bullet and ran fsck -fy from single-user mode. It only needed one pass (modification) to reach the "okay" stage. However, rebooting took nearly 5 min and involved several rounds of scratchy sounds and a few bad clicks. I'm now back to kind of using my computer (the same files are missing as before). When I ran live disk verification from Disk Utility this time, however, it reported that the volume appears to be OK. Am I right to infer from the scratchy sounds, however, that my hard drive is still rapidly on its way out? Is there anything else I can do to increase its functionality over the next few weeks?

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• External Hard Drive needs format problem

  - by Saher

  I recently bought a new ADATA external Classic hard drive 500GB. I have transferred around 29GB of data on it till I install my new windows 7 operating system. After some work with the hard drive (copying / deleting ... files) . I closed it for some reason and it couldn't open again asking me to format. I don't want to format the hard drive, I have important data I need...Is there a way I can retrieve my data. Is Recover My Files program from GetData a right choice??? part 2 of my question: why might such thing happen (require format to open), is it the hard drive problem or is it just a corrupted file or folder...??? Thanks,

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• several hard drives and partitions

  - by Tim

  If there are two physically separate hard drives, should they be treated as two pre-defined partitions? If yes: should they be treated as two primary partitions (including one or two of them can become extended partition(s) and be further subdivided into logical partitions)? Or they (or one part of each) can be treated as two logical partitions of a extended partition? Thanks! I intended to ask if there can be a primary/logical partition that are partially on both hard drives? And if there can be a logical partition on a hard drive and another logical partition on another hard, and the two logical partitions belong to the same extended partition? I guess the answers to both questions are no?

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• Hard drive self monitoring system

  - by Hoorayo

  I have a 500GB HDD on my desktop, and there are two partitions as C and D. The computer would not start and shows me a error message. Notice - Hard drive self monitoring system has reported that a parameter has exceeded its normal operating range. Dell recommends you that you back up your data regularly. A parameter out of range may or may not indicate a potential hard. So I took the hdd out of the desktop and made a USB external HDD. My laptop recognizes the hard drive as “I” drive and “J” drive. I am able to click “J” and see folders and files. But there is no response when I click “I” while it makes weird clicking sound. Can anyone explain why I drive doesn't work while J drive works on same physical hard drive? Is there anyway that I can fix?

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• what's wrong to my extra hard disk?

  - by Paul

  i'm adding some hard disk on my computer.when i on my computer the extra hard disk was detected by my computer but when i open My Computer the extra hard disk was not on there. What happen?

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• Which hard drive to buy?

  - by caymansoftware

  I have an HP fh607av laptop (dv7 cnd85123hk) and I'd like to replace the hard drive. Which hard drive can I buy? I've never bought or installed a hard drive before (but would like to try). Links would be appreciated!

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• Create new variable or make multiple chained calls?

  - by Rodrigo

  What is the best way to get this attributes, thinking in performance and code quality? Using chained calls: name = this.product.getStock().getItems().get(index).getName(); id = this.product.getStock().getItems().get(index).getId(); Creating new variable: final item = this.product.getStock().getItems().get(index); name = item.getName(); it = item.getId(); I prefer the second way, to let the code cleaner. But I would like to see some opinions about it. Thank you!

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• Should you create a class within a method?

  - by Amndeep7

  I have made a program using Java that is an implementation of this project: http://nifty.stanford.edu/2009/stone-random-art/sml/index.html. Essentially, you create a mathematical expression and, using the pixel coordinate as input, make a picture. After I initially implemented this in serial, I then implemented it in parallel due to the fact that if the picture size is too large or if the mathematical expression is too complex (especially considering the fact that I made the expression recursively), it takes a really long time. During this process, I realized that I needed two classes which implemented the Runnable interface as I had to put in parameters for the run method, which you aren't allowed to do directly. One of these classes ended up being a medium sized static inner class (not large enough to make an independent class file for it though). The other though, just needed a few parameters to determine some indexes and the size of the for loop that I was making run in parallel - here it is: class DataConversionRunnable implements Runnable { int jj, kk, w; DataConversionRunnable(int column, int matrix, int wid) { jj = column; kk = matrix; w = wid; } public void run() { for(int i = 0; i < w; i++) colorvals[kk][jj][i] = (int) ((raw[kk][jj][i] + 1.0) * 255 / 2.0); increaseCounter(); } } My question is should I make it a static inner class or can I just create it in a method? What is the general programming convention followed in this case?

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• Should comments say WHY the program is doing what it is doing? (opinion on a dictum by the inventor of Forth)

  - by AKE

  The often provocative Chuck Moore (inventor of the Forth language) gave the following advice (paraphrasing): "Use comments sparingly. Programs are self-documenting, with a modicum of help from mnemonics. Comments should say WHAT the program is doing, not HOW." My question: Should comments say WHY the program is doing what it is doing? Update: In addition to the answers below, these two provide additional insight. Beginner's guide to writing comments? http://programmers.stackexchange.com/a/98609/62203

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• What should NOT be included in comments? (opinion on a dictum by the inventor of Forth)

  - by AKE

  The often provocative Chuck Moore (inventor of the Forth language) gave the following advice (paraphrasing): "Use comments sparingly. Programs are self-documenting, with a modicum of help from mnemonics. Comments should say WHAT the program is doing, not HOW." My question: Should comments say WHY the program is doing what it is doing? Update: In addition to the answers below, these two provide additional insight. 1: Beginner's guide to writing comments? 2: http://programmers.stackexchange.com/a/98609/62203

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• Single quotes vs double quotes

  - by Eric Hydrick

  I just started a job where I'm writing Python after coming from a Java background, and I'm noticing that other developers tend to quote strings using single quotes ('') instead of double quotes (""). For example: line1 = 'This is how strings typically look.' line2 = "Not like this." Is there a particular reason for this other than personal preference? Is this the proper way to be quoting strings?

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• Why do most of us use 'i' as a loop counter variable?

  - by kprobst

  Has anyone thought about why so many of us repeat this same pattern using the same variable names? for (int i = 0; i < foo; i++) { // ... } It seems most code I've ever looked at uses i, j, k and so on as iteration variables. I suppose I picked that up from somewhere, but I wonder why this is so prevalent in software development. Is it something we all picked up from C or something like that? Just an itch I've had for a while in the back of my head.

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• What is the benefit of not using Hungarian notation?

  - by user29981

  One of the things I struggle with is not using Hungarian notation. I don't want to have to go to the variable definition just to see what type it is. When a project gets extensive, it's nice to be able to look at a variable prefixed by 'bool' and know that it's looking for true/false instead of a 0/1 value. I also do a lot of work in SQL Server. I prefix my stored procedures with 'sp' and my tables with 'tbl', not to mention all of my variables in the database respectively. I see everywhere that nobody really wants to use Hungarian notation, to the point where they avoid it. My question is, what is the benefit of not using Hungarian notation, and why does the majority of developers avoid it like the plague?

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• Long lines of text in source code [closed]

  - by ale

  Possible Duplicate: Is the 80 character limit still relevant in times of widescreen monitors? I used to set a vertical line set at 80 characters in my text editor and then I added carriage returns if the lines got too long. I later increased the value to 135 characters. I started using word wrap and not giving myself a limit but tried to keep lines short if I could because it took a lot of time shortening my lines. People at work use word wrap and don't give themselves a limit.. is this the correct way? What are you meant to do ? Many thanks.

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• How should I get my code ready for OpenSourcing it and putting it on GitHub?

  - by Sempus

  In a few weeks, my project is going to be finished and I want to start getting my code ready for other people to use it. I am going to be posting everything to GitHub so people can tweak it and hopefully make it better. I guess what I'm asking is, what would be the best way to make sure my code is sufficiently documented and worded right for other people to use? I know you should always comment everything and I'm going to be putting in the @params feature for every method, but are there any other tips in general?

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• How harmful is a hard disk spin cycle?

  - by Gilles

  It is conventional wisdom¹ that each time you spin a hard disk down and back up, you shave some time off its life expectancy. The topic has been discussed before: Is turning off hard disks harmful? What's the effect of standby (spindown) mode on modern hard drives? Common explanations for why spindowns and spinups are harmful are that they induce more stress on the mechanical parts than ordinary running, and that they cause heat variations that are harmful to the device mechanics. Is there any data showing quantitatively how bad a spin cycle is? That is, how much life expectancy does a spin cycle cost? Or, more practically, if I know that I'm not going to need a disk for X seconds, how large should X be to warrant spinning down? ¹ But conventional wisdom has been wrong before; for example, it is commonly held that hard disks should be kept as cool as possible, but the one published study on the topic shows that cooler drives actually fail more. This study is no help here since all the disks surveyed were powered on 24/7.

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• How harmful is a hard disk spin cycle?

  - by Gilles

  It is conventional wisdom¹ that each time you spin a hard disk down and back up, you shave some time off its life expectancy. The topic has been discussed before: Is turning off hard disks harmful? What's the effect of standby (spindown) mode on modern hard drives? Common explanations for why spindowns and spinups are harmful are that they induce more stress on the mechanical parts than ordinary running, and that they cause heat variations that are harmful to the device mechanics. Is there any data showing quantitatively how bad a spin cycle is? That is, how much life expectancy does a spin cycle cost? Or, more practically, if I know that I'm not going to need a disk for X seconds, how large should X be to warrant spinning down? ¹ But conventional wisdom has been wrong before; for example, it is commonly held that hard disks should be kept as cool as possible, but the one published study on the topic shows that cooler drives actually fail more. This study is no help here since all the disks surveyed were powered on 24/7.

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• Toshiba External Hard Drive freezes computer

  - by Ephraim

  I bought a Toshiba Canvio Basics E05A032BAU2XK Portable External 320GB 2.5 Hard Drive: My computer has two Os's on it Win7 and Win XP. I need both. The main one I use is XP. When booting my computer in any OS the computer and hard drive work fine. The same holds true for plugging in the hard drive while running Win7. However, when running WinXP, if the hard drive gets plugged in the computer freezes(my main point is that the HD is portable so it is essential that it does not do this, as I said I usually run XP). After reading some online forums I was informed that there is a compatibility issue with the newest version of Eset Smart Security(I still don't understand this because it works fine in Win7 or when connected on boot...). I disabled the AV and plugged in the HD... Walla! The comnputer did not freeze. However the disk is not recognized in explorer or disk management. In device manager I removed the device and did a scan and installation of device failed. It pretty much sounds like a driver issue but I cannot find any drivers for this HD. In fact, Toshiba claims that there are no downloadable drivers for it and that XP should take care of the drivers itself. What to do? As far as I can tell, all other USB devices work just fine on both OS. Please Help!

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• Coffee spilled inside computer, damaged hard drive

  - by Harpreet

  Today coffee spilled over my table, and some of it (very less) reached the PC case placed under the table. I think little bit of it got inside the PC case through the front. As that happened the fan started running very fast and made noise. I tried to restart to see if it becomes fine, but the computer didn't start again. First it gave an error of "Alert! Air temperature sensor not detected" and didn't start. Next I tried again multiple times of starting the computer but then it gave some memory error. I was not able to start the computer. Incase there's a problem in hard disk or something related to memory, is there any way we can extract our work or data? I am scared if I am not able to extract my work in case some problem occurs like that. What options would I have? Help!! EDIT: I have attached the photo here and you can see the area spilt in red circle. The hard drive electronics have been affected and internal speaker may also have been affected. Any advise on cleaning and if hard drive can work? EDIT 2: Are there any professional services offered to extract data from blemished hard disk, like this one, in case I am not able to run it personally?

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• Dell XPS 15 L502X hard drive Partition

  - by Mohan Gajula

  I have a situation here. I got my new Dell XPS 15 Laptop. The configuration of hard drive is as below : Volume 1: (OEM Partition): 133MB Volume 2: OS (C:): 685.25 GB Volume 3: Recovery : 13.25 GB Now, I am trying to re-partition my C Drive to have a C: drive with 100 GB and a new drive with 585 GB. Earlier, I tried using the Windows 7 Disk Management to shrink and extend the volume. That lead to the OS and hard drive not working. Dell Tech support tried to fix the issue, but they were not able to fix the issue online. Later a Dell Technician arrived my place, and replaced the hard drive with a new hard drive. Please help me re-partition the C: Drive with 100 GB, and new D drive with 585 GB. I don't want to lose my Recovery Partition. SOLUTION As Suggested by KCotreau below , I have done exactly. I have resized the C drive to 100 GB. And then applied the changes. Windows got restarted. On the boot screen, the partition was taking place. It took around 30 mins ( approx. ). Once after restart, I can see my C drive is 100 GB. Now opened the Easeus again. And created a new partition for the free space ( 585 GB ) this took 10 seconds to create. Here goes the screenshot after partitioning. Thanks to KCotreau. You are amazing.

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• Is this hard disk dead?

  - by Korjavin Ivan

  Not sure, is this right site for this Q, but let me try Last time i have problem with hard disk. Sometimes its do strange sound, and i get it from logs: $dmesg | grep ata4 [29409.945516] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0xf SErr 0x90202 action 0xe frozen [29409.945529] ata4.00: irq_stat 0x00400000, PHY RDY changed [29409.945538] ata4: SError: { RecovComm Persist PHYRdyChg 10B8B } [29409.945546] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [29409.945562] ata4.00: cmd 60/30:00:56:22:5f/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 24576 in [29409.945573] ata4.00: status: { DRDY } [29409.945580] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [29409.945594] ata4.00: cmd 60/18:08:8e:22:5f/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 1 ncq 12288 in [29409.945605] ata4.00: status: { DRDY } [29409.945611] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [29409.945625] ata4.00: cmd 60/08:10:46:02:66/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 2 ncq 4096 in [29409.945635] ata4.00: status: { DRDY } [29409.945641] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [29409.945656] ata4.00: cmd 60/80:18:ee:04:66/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 3 ncq 65536 in [29409.945666] ata4.00: status: { DRDY } [29409.945679] ata4: hard resetting link [29413.976083] ata4: softreset failed (device not ready) [29413.976097] ata4: applying SB600 PMP SRST workaround and retrying [29414.148070] ata4: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [29414.184986] ata4.00: SB600 AHCI: limiting to 255 sectors per cmd [29414.243280] ata4.00: SB600 AHCI: limiting to 255 sectors per cmd [29414.243292] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [29414.243324] ata4: EH complete [680674.804563] ata4: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x90a02 action 0xe frozen [680674.804575] ata4: irq_stat 0x00400000, PHY RDY changed [680674.804584] ata4: SError: { RecovComm Persist HostInt PHYRdyChg 10B8B } [680674.804603] ata4: hard resetting link [680678.840561] ata4: softreset failed (device not ready) Is this ata4 sata hard drive dead? Must i change it ASAP ? Need I specify more info?

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• Can't mount hard drive. Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Sam

  I am trying to recover some pictures on my 320 GB Hard Disk, so I put in a Live Ubuntu CD and am in that right now. In the devices list, it shows my USB drive, but not my 320 GB Hard Disk. I can see the disk in Disk Utility (it says it's on /dev/sda), but it's not mounted, and it says it has a few bad sectors but it is OK. In Disk Usage Analyzer, it says my maximum capacity is 13.4 GB, so it's definitely not using the 320 GB Hard Disk. I tried the following: sudo mkdir /media/newhd (worked) sudo mount /dev/sda /media/newhd (didn't work. it says I must specify the filesystem type) I then tried: fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda (didn't work. Said: Superblock invalid, trying to backup blocks. then: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda. The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock) Does anyone have any ideas? The whole problem started when my Windows Vista said "Can't find operating system". Any ideas on how I can get on to my hard drive at /dev/sda?

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