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  • How to send HTTP get method with headers using CURL

    - by mithunmo
    Hello , I need to send GET Request method with the below headers . I am getting the following capture from HTTP live headers ***http://172.20.22.26/ GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: 172.20.22.26 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.0.1) Gecko/2008070208 Firefox/3.0.1 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive Authorization: Basic bWl0aHVuOm1pdGh1bg== HTTP/1.x 200 OK Date: Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:29:20 GMT Server: HTTPsrv Connection: Keep-Alive Keep-Alive: timeout=30, max=100 Transfer-Encoding: chunked Content-Type: text/html ----------------------------**------------------------------* I am using the following program . It is not working . Please let me know where I am going wrong. <?php $credentials = "mithun:mithun"; $url = "http://172.20.22.26"; $headers = array( "GET /HTTP/1.1", "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.0.1) Gecko/2008070208 Firefox/3.0.1", "Content-type: text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"", "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8", "Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5", "Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate", "Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7", "Keep-Alive: 300", "Connection: keep-alive", "Authorization: Basic " . base64_encode($credentials)); $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,$url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers); //curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $defined_vars['HTTP_USER_AGENT']); $data = curl_exec($ch); if (curl_errno($ch)) { print "Error: " . curl_error($ch); } else { // Show me the result var_dump($data); curl_close($ch); }?>

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  • Request header field x-user-session is not allowed by Access-Control-Allow-Headers

    - by Saurabh Bhandari
    I am trying to do a CORS call to a WCF service endpoint hosted on IIS7.5. I have configured custom headers in IIS. My configuration looks like below <customHeaders> <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Methods" value="GET,PUT,POST,DELETE,OPTIONS" /> <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Headers" value="x-user-session,origin, content-type, accept" /> <add name="Access-Control-Allow-Credentials" value="true" /> </customHeaders> When I do a POST request I get following error message "Request header field x-user-session is not allowed by Access-Control-Allow-Headers" If I remove my custom header from the call and run it, everything works fine. Also if I do a GET call with custom header then also API works correctly. $.ajax({ type:"POST", success: function(d) { console.log(d) }, timeout: 9000, url: "http://api.myserver.com/Services/v2/CreditCard.svc/update_cc_detail", data: JSON.stringify({"card_id": 1234,"expire_month":"11","expire_year":"2020","full_name":"Demo Account", "number":"4111111111111111","is_primary":true}), xhrFields: { withCredentials: true}, headers: { x-user-session': "B23680D0B8CB5AFED9F624271F1DFAE5052085755AEDDEFDA3834EF16115BCDDC6319BD79FDCCB1E199BB6CC4D0C6FBC9F30242A723BA9C0DFB8BCA3F31F4C7302B1A37EE0A20C42E8AFD45FAB85282FCB62C0B4EC62329BD8573FEBAEBC6E8269FFBF57C7D57E6EF880E396F266E7AD841797792619AD3F1C27A5AE" }, crossDomain: true, contentType: 'application/json' });

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  • refactoring my code. My headers (Header Guard Issues)

    - by numerical25
    I had a post similar to this awhile ago based on a error I was getting. I was able to fix it but since then I been having trouble doing things because headers keep blocking other headers from using code. Honestly, these headers are confusing me and if anyone has any resources that will address these types of issues, that will be helpful. What I essentially want to do is be able to have rModel.h be included inside RenderEngine.h. every time I add rModel.h to RenderEngine.h, rModel.h is no longer able to use RenderEngine.h. (rModel.h has a #include of RenderEngine.h as well). So in a nutshell, RenderEngine and rModel need to use each others functionalities. On top of all this confusion, the Main.cpp needs to use RenderEngine. stdafx.h #include "targetver.h" #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // Exclude rarely-used stuff from Windows headers // Windows Header Files: #include <windows.h> // C RunTime Header Files #include <stdlib.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <memory.h> #include <tchar.h> #include "resource.h" main.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "RenderEngine.h" #include "rModel.h" // Global Variables: RenderEngine go; rModel *g_pModel; ...code........... rModel.h #ifndef _MODEL_H #define _MODEL_H #include "stdafx.h" #include <vector> #include <string> #include "rTri.h" #include "RenderEngine.h" ........Code RenderEngine.h #pragma once #include "stdafx.h" #include "d3d10.h" #include "d3dx10.h" #include "dinput.h" #include "rModel.h" .......Code......

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  • Do I still need to send the "Expires" header, or can I assume that web caches understand "Cache-Cont

    - by chris_l
    I want to reduce the overhead caused by HTTP headers to a minimum, so I'd like to avoid the "Expires" header, and use "Cache-Control" only - or maybe the other way around (I'm planning to send very short HTTP responses to browsers, so the answer to this question doesn't fully apply here: My headers account for a significant percentage). AFAIK, the "Cache-Control" header was standardized in HTTP 1.1, but are there still web caches/proxies, that don't understand it? Note: This is a sub-question to my stackoverflow (bounty) question

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  • Gmail sends bulk messages sent by postfix to spam - spf, rDNS are set up (headers inside)

    - by snitko
    here are the headers of the blocked messages (actual domain replaced with domain.com, ip address with n.n.n.n and gmail account name with person.account): Delivered-To: [email protected] Received: by 10.216.89.137 with SMTP id c9cs247685wef; Tue, 6 Dec 2011 16:06:37 -0800 (PST) Received: by 10.224.199.134 with SMTP id es6mr14447757qab.2.1323216395590; Tue, 06 Dec 2011 16:06:35 -0800 (PST) Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: from mail.domain.com (domain.com. [n.n.n.n]) by mx.google.com with ESMTP id b16si7471407qcv.131.2011.12.06.16.06.35; Tue, 06 Dec 2011 16:06:35 -0800 (PST) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates n.n.n.n as permitted sender) client-ip=n.n.n.n; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates n.n.n.n as permitted sender) [email protected] Received: by mail.domain.com (Postfix, from userid 5001) id 26ADE381E3; Tue, 6 Dec 2011 19:06:35 -0500 (EST) Received: from domain.com (domain.com [127.0.0.1]) by mail.domain.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 0148638030 for <[email protected]>; Tue, 6 Dec 2011 19:06:31 -0500 (EST) Date: Tue, 06 Dec 2011 19:06:31 -0500 From: DomainApp <[email protected]> Reply-To: [email protected] To: [email protected] Message-ID: <[email protected]> Subject: Roman Snitko says hi Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-No-Spam: True Precedence: bulk List-Unsubscribe: [email protected] Messages go to Spam folder on various gmail accounts, so it's not a coincidence. I followed all gmail guides on sending bulk emails from here https://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=81126. I also checked my ip-address here http://www.dnsblcheck.co.uk/ and it's NOT on the blacklists. Thus I have two questions: What may be the possible reason for the messages to go to Spam folder? Is there any way to contact Google and ask them what causes this? Update: I have set up openDKIM on my server, everything works, gmail message headers say that dkim=pass, which means everything is set up correctly. Messages still end up in Spam folder.

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  • HTTP caching headers: how should must-revalidate work?

    - by Bobby Jack
    Using trac, I'm getting a response with the following header: Cache-control: must-revalidate Moreover, no 'Expires' header is being sent. Our local proxy, however, is caching these responses, so when an edit is made, pages need to be 'hard refreshed' to update. Is the proxy misbehaving? Other headers that might be relevant: Connection Keep-Alive Proxy-Connection Keep-Alive Keep-Alive timeout=15, max=100

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  • using tcpdump to display XML API requests without headers or ack packets

    - by Carmageddon
    I need assistance, I am trying to use tcpdump in order to capture API requests and responses between two servers, so far I have the following command: tcpdump -iany -tpnAXs0 host xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx and port 6666 My problem is, that the output is still hard to read, because it sends the Headers, and the ack packets. I would like to remove those and only see the XML bodies. I tried to use grep -v, but apparently this is all one request, so it filters the entire thing... Thanks!

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  • apt-get commands pausing at 'Waiting for headers'

    - by Matt
    I have a VM running Ubuntu Server 9.10 running a basic web server setup. Whenever I run an apt function it will pause for around 1 minute at 'Waiting for headers...'. It will eventually clear through and continue as normal but it is a bit of an annoyance. Everything else on the server seems to run fine. Any ideas?

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  • Finding BCC in Internet mail headers

    - by dangowans
    I am running Outlook 2010 connected to an Exchange 2003 server. Often times, the spam that I received is sent to "undisclosed-recipients". I'm guessing that's because my email address (or an email address for a group I am part of) is in the BCC field. Is there a way to find out what BCC address was used to reach me? I looked at the Internet Headers for the message, but am not seeing "Envelope-to", described in a similar question.

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  • Idempotent Powershell word search/replace across documents with headers, change tracking, etc

    - by user61633
    I've found one or two guides to doing a word search and replace across multiple documents with powershell. They work well on simple documents. However, the script ignores text in headers and footers; and if "track changes" is enabled, it replaces text which has already been replaced, resulting in multiple copies of the new text if I run the script more than once on the same file. Any clues as to how I can avoid these undesirable behaviors and make this script robust?

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  • Passing Custom Headers to Ajax request on Select2

    - by Sutikshan Dubey
    We are trying to implement Ajax Remote data loading in Select2:- $scope.configPartSelect2 = { minimumInputLength: 3, ajax: { url: "/api/Part", // beforeSend: function (xhr) { xhr.setRequestHeader('Authorization-Token', http.defaults.headers.common['Authorization-Token']); }, // headers: {'Authorization-Token': http.defaults.headers.common['Authorization-Token']}, data: function (term, page) { return {isStockable: true}; }, results: function (data, page) { // parse the results into the format expected by Select2. // since we are using custom formatting functions we do not need to alter remote JSON data return { results: data }; } } }; We are using AngularJS. With each Http request we have set it's default to have our Authtoken as header. But somehow it is not working in conjunction with Select2 Ajax request. In above code, commented code are my failed attempts.

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  • Passing Custom headers from .Net 1.1 client to a WCF service

    - by sreejith
    I have a simple wcf service which uses basicHttp binding, I want to pass few information from client to this service via custom SOAP header. My client is a .net application targetting .Net 1.1, using visual studio I have created the proxy( Added a new web reference pointing to my WCF service) I am able to call methods in the WCF service but not able to pass the data in message header. Tried to override "GetWebRequest" and added custom headers in the proxy but for some reason when I tried to access the header using "OperationContext.Current.IncomingMessageHeaders.FindHeader" it is not thier. Any idea how to solve this prob? This is how I added the headers protected override System.Net.WebRequest GetWebRequest(Uri uri) { HttpWebRequest request; request = (HttpWebRequest)base.GetWebRequest(uri); request.Headers.Add("tesData", "test"); return request; }

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  • X-Domain and P3P Headers

    - by Jackson
    Hi, I have a website A.com and a domain at B.com with a widget inside an iframe getting data from A.com. I want to allow x-domain cookies to be passed from a.com to inside the iframe using ASP.NET My understanding is that - I can do this in IE using P3P Headers - such that the A.com cookie is passed to the iframe and session | cookie data is preserved. The P3P headers have to be sent from the A.com and from the iframe. Is this correct ? In dev, my understanding is if I "accept all cookies" in IE - then P3P headers won't matter anyway and so this should all just work. If I put on Medium Security then P3P is required.

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  • C++/MFC: Handling multiple CListCtrl's headers HDN_ITEMCLICK events

    - by raph.amiard
    I'm coding an MFC application in which i have a dialog box with multiple CListCtrls in report view. I want one of them to be sortable. So i handled the HDM_ITEMCLICK event, and everything works just fine .. Except that if i click on the headers of another CListCtrl, it does sort the OTHER CListCtrl, which does look kind of dumb. This is apparently due to the fact that headers have an ID of 0, which make the entry in the message map look like this : ON_NOTIFY(HDN_ITEMCLICK, 0, &Ccreationprogramme::OnHdnItemclickList5) But since all the headers have an id of zero, apparently every header of my dialog sends the message. Is there an easy way around this problem ?

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  • Interpreting Accept Headers as intended in IE and Webkit

    - by Jrgns
    I developed a web app that responds with data in the format as specified by the client in the HTTP Accept Headers. Everything worked fine while using Firefox, but when I wanted to check my CSS / HTML on Chrome and IE, both of them wanted to download the index page, as if it's an unknown content type. After some research I found this article, which states that IE sends out a lot of crud in it's HTTP Accept headers, amongst others a list of image/* content types right at the start. This caused my web app to try to send the index page as an image/jpeg. So how do I know when to ignore and when to use the Accept Headers?

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  • What does it mean when a User-Agent has another User-Agent inside it?

    - by Erx_VB.NExT.Coder
    Basically, sometimes the user-agent will have its normal user-agent displayed, then at the end it will have teh "User-Agent: " tag displayed, and right after it another user-agent is shown. Sometimes, the second user-agent is just appended to the first one without the "User-Agent: " tag. Here are some samples I've seen: The first few contain the "User-Agent: " tag in the middle somewhere, and I've changed its font to make it easier to to see. Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; GTB6; User-agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1); SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506) Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; GTB6; MRA 5.10 (build 5339); User-agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1); .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727) Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; User-agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1); .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729) Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; User-agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1); .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152) Here are some without the "User-Agent: " tag in the middle, but just two user agents that seem stiched together. Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1); .NET CLR 3.5.30729) Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; GTB6; IPMS/6568080A-04A5AD839A9; TCO_20090713170733; Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1); InfoPath.2) Now, just to add a few notes to this. I understand that the "User-Agent: " tag is normally a header, and what follows a typical "User-Agent: " string sequence is the actual user agent that is sent to servers etc, but normally the "User-Agent: " string should not be part of the actual user agent, that is more like the pre-fix or a tag indicating that what follows will be the actual user agent. Additionally, I may have thought, hey, these are just two user agents pasted together, but on closer inspection, you realize that they are not. On all of these dual user agent listings, if you look at the opening bracket "(" just before the "compatible" keyword, you realize the pair to that bracket ")" is actually at the very end, the end of the second user agent. So, the first user agents closing bracket ")" never occurs before the second user agent begins, it's always right at the end, and therefore, the second user agent is more like one of the features of the first user agent, like: "Trident/4.0" or "GTB6" etc etc... The other thing to note that the second user agent is always MSIE 6.0 (Internet Explorer 6.0), interesting. What I had initially thought was it's some sort of Virtual Machine displaying the browser in use & the browser that is installed, but then I thought, what'd be the point in that? Finally, right now, I am thinking, it's probably soem sort of "Compatibility View" type thing, where even if MSIE 7.0 or 8.0 is installed, when my hypothetical the "Display In Internet Explorer 6.0" mode is turned on, the user agent changes to something like this. That being, IE 8.0 is installed, but is rendering everything as IE 6.0 would. Is there or was there such a feature in Internet Explorer? Am I on to something here? What are your thoughts on this? If you have any other ideas, please feel free to let us know. At the moment, I'm just trying to understand if these are valid User Agents, or if they are invalid. In a list of about 44,000 User Agents, I've seen this type of Dual User Agent about 400 times. I've closely inspected 40 of them, and every single one had MSIE 6.0 as the "second" user agent (and the first user agent a higher version of MSIE, such as 7 or 8). This was true for all except one, where both user agents were MSIE 8.0, here it is: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Win32; GMX); GTB0.0) This occured once in my 40 "close" inspections. I've estimated the 400 in 44,000 by taking a sample of the first 4,400 user agents, and finding 40 of these in the MSIE/Windows user agents, and extrapolated that to estimate 40. There were also similar things occuring for non MSIE user agents where there were two Mozilla's in one user agent, the non MSIE ones would probably add another 30% on top of the ones I've noted. I can show you samples of them if anyone would like. There we have it, this is where I'm at, what do you guys think?

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  • What is recommended minimum object size for gzip performance benefits?

    - by utt73
    I'm working on improving page speed display times, and one of the methods is to gzip content from the webserver. Google recommends: Note that gzipping is only beneficial for larger resources. Due to the overhead and latency of compression and decompression, you should only gzip files above a certain size threshold; we recommend a minimum range between 150 and 1000 bytes. Gzipping files below 150 bytes can actually make them larger. We serve our content through Akamai, using their network for a proxy and CDN. What they've told me: Following up on your question regarding what is the minimum size Akamai will compress the requested object when sending it to the end user: The minimum size is 860 bytes. My reply: What is the reason(s) for why Akamai's minimum size is 860 bytes? And why, for example, is this not the case for files Akamai serves for facebook? (see below) Google recommends to gzip more agressively. And that seems appropriate on our site where the most frequent hits, by far, are AJAX calls that are <860 bytes. Akamai's response: The reasons 860 bytes is the minimum size for compression is twofold: (1) The overhead of compressing an object under 860 bytes outweighs performance gain. (2) Objects under 860 bytes can be transmitted via a single packet anyway, so there isn't a compelling reason to compress them. So I'm here for some fact checking. Is the 860 byte limit due to packet size the end of this reasoning? Why would high traffic sites push this down to the 150 byte limit... just to save on bandwidth costs (since CDNs base their charges on bandwith offloaded from origin), or is there a performance gain in doing so?

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  • Common header file for C++ and JavaScipt

    - by paperjam
    I have an app that runs a C++ server backend and Javascript on the client. I would like to define certain strings once only, for both pieces of code. For example, I might have a CSS class "row-hover" - I want to define this class name in one place only in case I change it later. Is there an easy way to include, or read, some sort of common definitions file into both C++ and JavaScript? Ideally as a compile / preprocessing step but any neat approach good.

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  • Ways to organize interface and implementation in C++

    - by Felix Dombek
    I've seen that there are several different paradigms in C++ concerning what goes into the header file and what to the cpp file. AFAIK, most people, especially those from a C background, do: foo.h class foo { private: int mem; int bar(); public: foo(); foo(const foo&); foo& operator=(foo); ~foo(); } foo.cpp #include foo.h foo::bar() { return mem; } foo::foo() { mem = 42; } foo::foo(const foo& f) { mem = f.mem; } foo::operator=(foo f) { mem = f.mem; } foo::~foo() {} int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { foo f; } However, my lecturers usually teach C++ to beginners like this: foo.h class foo { private: int mem; int bar() { return mem; } public: foo() { mem = 42; } foo(const foo& f) { mem = f.mem; } foo& operator=(foo f) { mem = f.mem; } ~foo() {} } foo.cpp #include foo.h int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { foo f; } // other global helper functions, DLL exports, and whatnot Originally coming from Java, I have also always stuck to this second way for several reasons, such as that I only have to change something in one place if the interface or method names change, and that I like the different indentation of things in classes when I look at their implementation, and that I find names more readable as foo compared to foo::foo. I want to collect pro's and con's for either way. Maybe there are even still other ways? One disadvantage of my way is of course the need for occasional forward declarations.

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  • What is recommended minimum object size for gzip benefits?

    - by utt73
    I'm working on improving page speed display times, and one of the methods is to gzip content from the webserver. Google recommends: Note that gzipping is only beneficial for larger resources. Due to the overhead and latency of compression and decompression, you should only gzip files above a certain size threshold; we recommend a minimum range between 150 and 1000 bytes. Gzipping files below 150 bytes can actually make them larger. We serve our content through Akamai, using their network for a proxy and CDN. What they've told me: Following up on your question regarding what is the minimum size Akamai will compress the requested object when sending it to the end user: The minimum size is 860 bytes. My reply: What is the reason(s) for why Akamai's minimum size is 860 bytes? And why, for example, is this not the case for files Akamai serves for facebook? (see below) Google recommends to gzip more agressively. And that seems appropriate on our site where the most frequent hits, by far, are AJAX calls that are <860 bytes. Akamai's response: The reasons 860 bytes is the minimum size for compression is twofold: (1) The overhead of compressing an object under 860 bytes outweighs performance gain. (2) Objects under 860 bytes can be transmitted via a single packet anyway, so there isn't a compelling reason to compress them. So I'm here for some fact checking. Is the 860 byte limit due to packet size the end of this reasoning? Why would high traffic sites push this lower/closer to the 150 byte limit... just to save on bandwidth costs, or is there a performance gain in doing so?

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  • Link tags in iframe widget

    - by john Smith
    I have a rating community-site and I´m offering little iframe widgets with the average rating and some little other info. Does it make sense (for visibility, SEO) to add link tags to the head like: <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS 2.0" href="rssfeed" /> <link rel="index" title="main-profile" href="main-profile"> To get a logical association of the widget to relating pages? How would you do this?

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  • Google crawler not found an error inside of the <head> tag

    - by inckka
    I've found a crawler error in my site and it is listed as a page not found(404) link. Heres the broken link http://mydomain.com/blog/comments/feed/ I'm using Google web master tools and found that broken link coming from my web site pages' head tag. here's actual code where that link situated. <head> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="My Domain Blog &raquo; Feed" href="http://www.my-domain.com/blog/feed/" /> </head> So Google report this link as a not found. Actually this link target is not an exact page or a location. But essential for the blog feeds. Anyway I have to fix this and remove from the Google crawler error's list. But haven't got any idea, because cannot redirect or do a 404 header with this link target. Have anyone got an idea of fixing this?

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  • Finding header files

    - by rwallace
    A C or C++ compiler looks for header files using a strict set of rules: relative to the directory of the including file (if "" was used), then along the specified and default include paths, fail if still not found. An ancillary tool such as a code analyzer (which I'm currently working on) has different requirements: it may for a number of reasons not have the benefit of the setup performed by a complex build process, and have to make the best of what it is given. In other words, it may find a header file not present in the include paths it knows, and have to take its best shot at finding the file itself. I'm currently thinking of using the following algorithm: Start in the directory of the including file. Is the header file found in the current directory or any subdirectory thereof? If so, done. If we are at the root directory, the file doesn't seem to be present on this machine, so skip it. Otherwise move to the parent of the current directory and go to step 2. Is this the best algorithm to use? In particular, does anyone know of any case where a different algorithm would work better?

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  • Ways to organize interface and implementation in C++

    - by Felix Dombek
    I've seen that there are several different paradigms in C++ concerning what goes into the header file and what to the cpp file. AFAIK, most people, especially those from a C background, do: foo.h class foo { private: int mem; int bar(); public: foo(); foo(const foo&); foo& operator=(foo); ~foo(); } foo.cpp #include foo.h foo::bar() { return mem; } foo::foo() { mem = 42; } foo::foo(const foo& f) { mem = f.mem; } foo::operator=(foo f) { mem = f.mem; } foo::~foo() {} int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { foo f; } However, my lecturers usually teach C++ to beginners like this: foo.h class foo { private: int mem; int bar() { return mem; } public: foo() { mem = 42; } foo(const foo& f) { mem = f.mem; } foo& operator=(foo f) { mem = f.mem; } ~foo() {} } foo.cpp #include foo.h int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { foo f; } // other global helper functions, DLL exports, and whatnot Originally coming from Java, I have also always stuck to this second way for several reasons, such as that I only have to change something in one place if the interface or method names change, that I like the different indentation of things in classes when I look at their implementation, and that I find names more readable as foo compared to foo::foo. I want to collect pro's and con's for either way. Maybe there are even still other ways? One disadvantage of my way is of course the need for occasional forward declarations.

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