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  • Why is Spritebatch drawing my Textures out of order?

    - by Andrew
    I just started working with XNA Studio after programming 2D games in java. Because of this, I have absolutely no experience with Spritebatch and sprite sorting. In java, I could just layer the images by calling the draw methods in order. For a while, my Spritebatch was working fine in deferred sorting mode, but when I made a change to one of my textures, it suddenly started drawing them out of order. I have searched for a solution to this problem, but nothing seems to work. I have tried adding layer depths to the sprites and changing the sort mode to BackToFront or FrontToBack or even immediate, but nothing seems to work. Here is my drawing code: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Gray); Game1.spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.PointClamp, null, null); for (int x = 0; x < 5; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < 5; y++) { region[x, y].draw(((float)w / aw)); // Draws the Tile-Based background } } player.draw(spriteBatch, ((float)w / aw));//draws the character (This method is where the problem occurs) enemy.draw(spriteBatch, (float)w/aw); // draws a basic enemy Game1.spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } player.draw method: public void draw(SpriteBatch sb, float ratio){ //draws the player base (The character without hair or equipment) sb.Draw(playerbase[0], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White,0,Vector2.Zero,SpriteEffects.None,0); //draws the player's hair sb.Draw(playerbase[3], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); //draws the player's shirt sb.Draw(equipment[0], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); //draws the player's pants sb.Draw(equipment[1], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); //draws the player's shoes sb.Draw(equipment[2], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } the game has a top-down perspective much like the early legend of zelda games. It draws sections of the texture depending on which direction the character is facing and the animation frame. However, instead of drawing the character in the order the draw methods are called, it ends up drawing the character out of order. Please help me with this problem.

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  • Collision disturbing the jumping mechanic in java 2D game [on hold]

    - by user50931
    So I have been working on a 2D Java game recently and everything was going smoothly, until I reached a problem to do with the players jumping mechanic. So far I've got the player to jump a fixed rate and fall due to gravity. Hers my code for my Player class. public class Player extends GameObject { public Player(int x, int y, int width, int height, ObjectId id) { super(x, y, width, height, id); } @Override public void tick(ArrayList<GameObject> object) { if(go){ x+=vx; y+=vy; } if(vx <0){ facing =-1; }else if(vx >0) facing =1; checkCollision(object); checkStance(); } private void checkStance() { if(falling){ //gravity jumping = false; vy = speed/2; } if(jumping){ // Calculates how high jump should be vy = -speed*2; if(jumpY - y >= maxJumpHeight) falling =true; } } private void checkCollision(ArrayList<GameObject> object) { for(int i=0; i< object.size(); i++ ){ GameObject tempObject = object.get(i); if(tempObject.getId() == ObjectId.Ledge){ if(getBoundsTop().intersects(tempObject.getBoundsAll())){ //Top y = tempObject.getY() + tempObject.getBoundsAll().height; falling =true; } if(getBoundsRight().intersects(tempObject.getBoundsAll())){ // Right x = tempObject.getX() -width ; } if(getBoundsLeft().intersects(tempObject.getBoundsAll())){ //Left x = tempObject.getX() + tempObject.getWidth(); } if(getBoundsBottom().intersects(tempObject.getBoundsAll())){ //Bottom y = tempObject.getY() - height; falling =false; vy=0; }else{ falling =true; } } } } @Override public void render(Graphics g) { g.setColor(Color.BLACK); g.fillRect((int)x, (int)y, width, height); } @Override public Rectangle getBoundsAll() { return new Rectangle((int)x, (int)y,width,height); } public Rectangle getBoundsTop() { return new Rectangle((int) x , (int)y ,width,height/15); } public Rectangle getBoundsBottom() { return new Rectangle( (int)x , (int) y +height -(height /15),width,height/15); } public Rectangle getBoundsLeft() { return new Rectangle( (int) x , (int) y + height /10 ,width/8,height - (height /5)); } public Rectangle getBoundsRight() { return new Rectangle((int) x + width - (width/8) ,(int) y + height /10 ,width/8,height - height/5); } } My problem is when I add: else{ falling =true; } during the loop of the ArrayList to check collision, it stops the player from jumping and keeps him on the ground. I've tried to find a way around this but haven't had any luck. Any suggestions?

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  • How can I draw a Rectangle on a PictureBox?

    - by TooFat
    I am trying to just draw a Rectangle on a PictureBox that is on a Form. Writing text like shown here works fine. private void pictureBox1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { using (Font myFont = new Font("Arial", 14)) { e.Graphics.DrawString("Hello .NET Guide!", myFont, Brushes.Green, new Point(2, 2)); } } but when I try to draw a rectangle like so nothing shows up. private void pictureBox1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(); rect.Location = new Point(25, 25); rect.Width = 50; using (Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Red, 2)) { e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(pen, rect); } } What am I missing?

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  • How can I draw a hollow rectangle using CreatePen?

    - by LarsTech
    Since using the DrawArc function in GDI+ isn't very accurate when drawing a small rounded rectangle, I am using RoundRect instead. Protected Overrides Sub OnPaint(ByVal e As PaintEventArgs) Dim hDC As IntPtr = e.Graphics.GetHdc Dim rc As New Rectangle(10, 10, 64, 24) Dim hPen As IntPtr = Win32.CreatePen(Win32.PenStyle.PS_SOLID, 0, _ ColorTranslator.ToWin32(Color.Green)) Dim hOldPen As IntPtr = Win32.SelectObject(hDC, hPen) Call Win32.RoundRect(hDC, rc.Left, rc.Top, rc.Right, rc.Bottom, 10, 10) Win32.SelectObject(hDC, hOldPen) Win32.DeleteObject(hPen) e.Graphics.ReleaseHdc(hDC) MyBase.OnPaint(e) End Sub This will draw a nice rounded rectangle, but it will also fill it with a white brush, erasing what I don't want to have erased. How can I draw this without erasing the inside of the rectangle?

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  • Silverlight for Windows Embedded tutorial (step 4)

    - by Valter Minute
    I’m back with my Silverlight for Windows Embedded tutorial. Sorry for the long delay between step 3 and step 4, the MVP summit and some work related issue prevented me from working on the tutorial during the last weeks. In our first,  second and third tutorial steps we implemented some very simple applications, just to understand the basic structure of a Silverlight for Windows Embedded application, learn how to handle events and how to operate on images. In this third step our sample application will be slightly more complicated, to introduce two new topics: list boxes and custom control. We will also learn how to create controls at runtime. I choose to explain those topics together and provide a sample a bit more complicated than usual just to start to give the feeling of how a “real” Silverlight for Windows Embedded application is organized. As usual we can start using Expression Blend to define our main page. In this case we will have a listbox and a textblock. Here’s the XAML code: <UserControl xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" x:Class="ListDemo.Page" Width="640" Height="480" x:Name="ListPage" xmlns:ListDemo="clr-namespace:ListDemo">   <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White"> <ListBox Margin="19,57,19,66" x:Name="FileList" SelectionChanged="Filelist_SelectionChanged"/> <TextBlock Height="35" Margin="19,8,19,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" TextWrapping="Wrap" x:Name="CurrentDir" Text="TextBlock" FontSize="20"/> </Grid> </UserControl> In our listbox we will load a list of directories, starting from the filesystem root (there are no drives in Windows CE, the filesystem has a single root named “\”). When the user clicks on an item inside the list, the corresponding directory path will be displayed in the TextBlock object and the subdirectories of the selected branch will be shown inside the list. As you can see we declared an event handler for the SelectionChanged event of our listbox. We also used a different font size for the TextBlock, to make it more readable. XAML and Expression Blend allow you to customize your UI pretty heavily, experiment with the tools and discover how you can completely change the aspect of your application without changing a single line of code! Inside our ListBox we want to insert the directory presenting a nice icon and their name, just like you are used to see them inside Windows 7 file explorer, for example. To get this we will define a user control. This is a custom object that will behave like “regular” Silverlight for Windows Embedded objects inside our application. First of all we have to define the look of our custom control, named DirectoryItem, using XAML: <UserControl xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d" x:Class="ListDemo.DirectoryItem" Width="500" Height="80">   <StackPanel x:Name="LayoutRoot" Orientation="Horizontal"> <Canvas Width="31.6667" Height="45.9583" Margin="10,10,10,10" RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5"> <Canvas.RenderTransform> <TransformGroup> <ScaleTransform/> <SkewTransform/> <RotateTransform Angle="-31.27"/> <TranslateTransform/> </TransformGroup> </Canvas.RenderTransform> <Rectangle Width="31.6667" Height="45.8414" Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0.116943" Stretch="Fill"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.142631,0.75344" EndPoint="1.01886,0.75344"> <LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <TransformGroup> <SkewTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" AngleX="19.3128" AngleY="0"/> <RotateTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" Angle="-35.3436"/> </TransformGroup> </LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> <GradientStop Color="#FF7B6802" Offset="0"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFF3D42C" Offset="1"/> </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle Width="29.8441" Height="43.1517" Canvas.Left="0.569519" Canvas.Top="1.05249" Stretch="Fill"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.142632,0.753441" EndPoint="1.01886,0.753441"> <LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <TransformGroup> <SkewTransform CenterX="0.142632" CenterY="0.753441" AngleX="19.3127" AngleY="0"/> <RotateTransform CenterX="0.142632" CenterY="0.753441" Angle="-35.3437"/> </TransformGroup> </LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> <GradientStop Color="#FFCDCDCD" Offset="0.0833333"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFFFF" Offset="1"/> </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle Width="29.8441" Height="43.1517" Canvas.Left="0.455627" Canvas.Top="2.28036" Stretch="Fill"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.142631,0.75344" EndPoint="1.01886,0.75344"> <LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <TransformGroup> <SkewTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" AngleX="19.3128" AngleY="0"/> <RotateTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" Angle="-35.3436"/> </TransformGroup> </LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> <GradientStop Color="#FFCDCDCD" Offset="0.0833333"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFFFF" Offset="1"/> </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle Width="29.8441" Height="43.1517" Canvas.Left="0.455627" Canvas.Top="1.34485" Stretch="Fill"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.142631,0.75344" EndPoint="1.01886,0.75344"> <LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <TransformGroup> <SkewTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" AngleX="19.3128" AngleY="0"/> <RotateTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" Angle="-35.3436"/> </TransformGroup> </LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> <GradientStop Color="#FFCDCDCD" Offset="0.0833333"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFFFF" Offset="1"/> </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle Width="26.4269" Height="45.8414" Canvas.Left="0.227798" Canvas.Top="0" Stretch="Fill"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0.142631,0.75344" EndPoint="1.01886,0.75344"> <LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <TransformGroup> <SkewTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" AngleX="19.3127" AngleY="0"/> <RotateTransform CenterX="0.142631" CenterY="0.75344" Angle="-35.3436"/> </TransformGroup> </LinearGradientBrush.RelativeTransform> <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> <GradientStop Color="#FF7B6802" Offset="0"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFF3D42C" Offset="1"/> </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle Width="1.25301" Height="45.8414" Canvas.Left="1.70862" Canvas.Top="0.116943" Stretch="Fill" Fill="#FFEBFF07"/> </Canvas> <TextBlock Height="80" x:Name="Name" Width="448" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="24" Text="Directory"/> </StackPanel> </UserControl> As you can see, this XAML contains many graphic elements. Those elements are used to design the folder icon. The original drawing has been designed in Expression Design and then exported as XAML. In Silverlight for Windows Embedded you can use vector images. This means that your images will look good even when scaled or rotated. In our DirectoryItem custom control we have a TextBlock named Name, that will be used to display….(suspense)…. the directory name (I’m too lazy to invent fancy names for controls, and using “boring” intuitive names will make code more readable, I hope!). Now that we have some XAML code, we may execute XAML2CPP to generate part of the aplication code for us. We should then add references to our XAML2CPP generated resource file and include in our code and add a reference to the XAML runtime library to our sources file (you can follow the instruction of the first tutorial step to do that), To generate the code used in this tutorial you need XAML2CPP ver 1.0.1.0, that is downloadable here: http://geekswithblogs.net/WindowsEmbeddedCookbook/archive/2010/03/08/xaml2cpp-1.0.1.0.aspx We can now create our usual simple Win32 application inside Platform Builder, using the same step described in the first chapter of this tutorial (http://geekswithblogs.net/WindowsEmbeddedCookbook/archive/2009/10/01/silverlight-for-embedded-tutorial.aspx). We can declare a class for our main page, deriving it from the template that XAML2CPP generated for us: class ListPage : public TListPage<ListPage> { ... } We will see the ListPage class code in a short time, but before we will see the code of our DirectoryItem user control. This object will be used to populate our list, one item for each directory. To declare a user control things are a bit more complicated (but also in this case XAML2CPP will write most of the “boilerplate” code for use. To interact with a user control you should declare an interface. An interface defines the functions of a user control that can be called inside the application code. Our custom control is currently quite simple and we just need some member functions to store and retrieve a full pathname inside our control. The control will display just the last part of the path inside the control. An interface is declared as a C++ class that has only abstract virtual members. It should also have an UUID associated with it. UUID means Universal Unique IDentifier and it’s a 128 bit number that will identify our interface without the need of specifying its fully qualified name. UUIDs are used to identify COM interfaces and, as we discovered in chapter one, Silverlight for Windows Embedded is based on COM or, at least, provides a COM-like Application Programming Interface (API). Here’s the declaration of the DirectoryItem interface: class __declspec(novtable,uuid("{D38C66E5-2725-4111-B422-D75B32AA8702}")) IDirectoryItem : public IXRCustomUserControl { public:   virtual HRESULT SetFullPath(BSTR fullpath) = 0; virtual HRESULT GetFullPath(BSTR* retval) = 0; }; The interface is derived from IXRCustomControl, this will allow us to add our object to a XAML tree. It declares the two functions needed to set and get the full path, but don’t implement them. Implementation will be done inside the control class. The interface only defines the functions of our control class that are accessible from the outside. It’s a sort of “contract” between our control and the applications that will use it. We must support what’s inside the contract and the application code should know nothing else about our own control. To reference our interface we will use the UUID, to make code more readable we can declare a #define in this way: #define IID_IDirectoryItem __uuidof(IDirectoryItem) Silverlight for Windows Embedded objects (like COM objects) use a reference counting mechanism to handle object destruction. Every time you store a pointer to an object you should call its AddRef function and every time you no longer need that pointer you should call Release. The object keeps an internal counter, incremented for each AddRef and decremented on Release. When the counter reaches 0, the object is destroyed. Managing reference counting in our code can be quite complicated and, since we are lazy (I am, at least!), we will use a great feature of Silverlight for Windows Embedded: smart pointers.A smart pointer can be connected to a Silverlight for Windows Embedded object and manages its reference counting. To declare a smart pointer we must use the XRPtr template: typedef XRPtr<IDirectoryItem> IDirectoryItemPtr; Now that we have defined our interface, it’s time to implement our user control class. XAML2CPP has implemented a class for us, and we have only to derive our class from it, defining the main class and interface of our new custom control: class DirectoryItem : public DirectoryItemUserControlRegister<DirectoryItem,IDirectoryItem> { ... } XAML2CPP has generated some code for us to support the user control, we don’t have to mind too much about that code, since it will be generated (or written by hand, if you like) always in the same way, for every user control. But knowing how does this works “under the hood” is still useful to understand the architecture of Silverlight for Windows Embedded. Our base class declaration is a bit more complex than the one we used for a simple page in the previous chapters: template <class A,class B> class DirectoryItemUserControlRegister : public XRCustomUserControlImpl<A,B>,public TDirectoryItem<A,XAML2CPPUserControl> { ... } This class derives from the XAML2CPP generated template class, like the ListPage class, but it uses XAML2CPPUserControl for the implementation of some features. This class shares the same ancestor of XAML2CPPPage (base class for “regular” XAML pages), XAML2CPPBase, implements binding of member variables and event handlers but, instead of loading and creating its own XAML tree, it attaches to an existing one. The XAML tree (and UI) of our custom control is created and loaded by the XRCustomUserControlImpl class. This class is part of the Silverlight for Windows Embedded framework and implements most of the functions needed to build-up a custom control in Silverlight (the guys that developed Silverlight for Windows Embedded seem to care about lazy programmers!). We have just to initialize it, providing our class (DirectoryItem) and interface (IDirectoryItem). Our user control class has also a static member: protected:   static HINSTANCE hInstance; This is used to store the HINSTANCE of the modules that contain our user control class. I don’t like this implementation, but I can’t find a better one, so if somebody has good ideas about how to handle the HINSTANCE object, I’ll be happy to hear suggestions! It also implements two static members required by XRCustomUserControlImpl. The first one is used to load the XAML UI of our custom control: static HRESULT GetXamlSource(XRXamlSource* pXamlSource) { pXamlSource->SetResource(hInstance,TEXT("XAML"),IDR_XAML_DirectoryItem); return S_OK; }   It initializes a XRXamlSource object, connecting it to the XAML resource that XAML2CPP has included in our resource script. The other method is used to register our custom control, allowing Silverlight for Windows Embedded to create it when it load some XAML or when an application creates a new control at runtime (more about this later): static HRESULT Register() { return XRCustomUserControlImpl<A,B>::Register(__uuidof(B), L"DirectoryItem", L"clr-namespace:DirectoryItemNamespace"); } To register our control we should provide its interface UUID, the name of the corresponding element in the XAML tree and its current namespace (namespaces compatible with Silverlight must use the “clr-namespace” prefix. We may also register additional properties for our objects, allowing them to be loaded and saved inside XAML. In this case we have no permanent properties and the Register method will just register our control. An additional static method is implemented to allow easy registration of our custom control inside our application WinMain function: static HRESULT RegisterUserControl(HINSTANCE hInstance) { DirectoryItemUserControlRegister::hInstance=hInstance; return DirectoryItemUserControlRegister<A,B>::Register(); } Now our control is registered and we will be able to create it using the Silverlight for Windows Embedded runtime functions. But we need to bind our members and event handlers to have them available like we are used to do for other XAML2CPP generated objects. To bind events and members we need to implement the On_Loaded function: virtual HRESULT OnLoaded(__in IXRDependencyObject* pRoot) { HRESULT retcode; IXRApplicationPtr app; if (FAILED(retcode=GetXRApplicationInstance(&app))) return retcode; return ((A*)this)->Init(pRoot,hInstance,app); } This function will call the XAML2CPPUserControl::Init member that will connect the “root” member with the XAML sub tree that has been created for our control and then calls BindObjects and BindEvents to bind members and events to our code. Now we can go back to our application code (the code that you’ll have to actually write) to see the contents of our DirectoryItem class: class DirectoryItem : public DirectoryItemUserControlRegister<DirectoryItem,IDirectoryItem> { protected:   WCHAR fullpath[_MAX_PATH+1];   public:   DirectoryItem() { *fullpath=0; }   virtual HRESULT SetFullPath(BSTR fullpath) { wcscpy_s(this->fullpath,fullpath);   WCHAR* p=fullpath;   for(WCHAR*q=wcsstr(p,L"\\");q;p=q+1,q=wcsstr(p,L"\\")) ;   Name->SetText(p); return S_OK; }   virtual HRESULT GetFullPath(BSTR* retval) { *retval=SysAllocString(fullpath); return S_OK; } }; It’s pretty easy and contains a fullpath member (used to store that path of the directory connected with the user control) and the implementation of the two interface members that can be used to set and retrieve the path. The SetFullPath member parses the full path and displays just the last branch directory name inside the “Name” TextBlock object. As you can see, implementing a user control in Silverlight for Windows Embedded is not too complex and using XAML also for the UI of the control allows us to re-use the same mechanisms that we learnt and used in the previous steps of our tutorial. Now let’s see how the main page is managed by the ListPage class. class ListPage : public TListPage<ListPage> { protected:   // current path TCHAR curpath[_MAX_PATH+1]; It has a member named “curpath” that is used to store the current directory. It’s initialized inside the constructor: ListPage() { *curpath=0; } And it’s value is displayed inside the “CurrentDir” TextBlock inside the initialization function: virtual HRESULT Init(HINSTANCE hInstance,IXRApplication* app) { HRESULT retcode;   if (FAILED(retcode=TListPage<ListPage>::Init(hInstance,app))) return retcode;   CurrentDir->SetText(L"\\"); return S_OK; } The FillFileList function is used to enumerate subdirectories of the current dir and add entries for each one inside the list box that fills most of the client area of our main page: HRESULT FillFileList() { HRESULT retcode; IXRItemCollectionPtr items; IXRApplicationPtr app;   if (FAILED(retcode=GetXRApplicationInstance(&app))) return retcode; // retrieves the items contained in the listbox if (FAILED(retcode=FileList->GetItems(&items))) return retcode;   // clears the list if (FAILED(retcode=items->Clear())) return retcode;   // enumerates files and directory in the current path WCHAR filemask[_MAX_PATH+1];   wcscpy_s(filemask,curpath); wcscat_s(filemask,L"\\*.*");   WIN32_FIND_DATA finddata; HANDLE findhandle;   findhandle=FindFirstFile(filemask,&finddata);   // the directory is empty? if (findhandle==INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) return S_OK;   do { if (finddata.dwFileAttributes&=FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) { IXRListBoxItemPtr listboxitem;   // add a new item to the listbox if (FAILED(retcode=app->CreateObject(IID_IXRListBoxItem,&listboxitem))) { FindClose(findhandle); return retcode; }   if (FAILED(retcode=items->Add(listboxitem,NULL))) { FindClose(findhandle); return retcode; }   IDirectoryItemPtr directoryitem;   if (FAILED(retcode=app->CreateObject(IID_IDirectoryItem,&directoryitem))) { FindClose(findhandle); return retcode; }   WCHAR fullpath[_MAX_PATH+1];   wcscpy_s(fullpath,curpath); wcscat_s(fullpath,L"\\"); wcscat_s(fullpath,finddata.cFileName);   if (FAILED(retcode=directoryitem->SetFullPath(fullpath))) { FindClose(findhandle); return retcode; }   XAML2CPPXRValue value((IXRDependencyObject*)directoryitem);   if (FAILED(retcode=listboxitem->SetContent(&value))) { FindClose(findhandle); return retcode; } } } while (FindNextFile(findhandle,&finddata));   FindClose(findhandle); return S_OK; } This functions retrieve a pointer to the collection of the items contained in the directory listbox. The IXRItemCollection interface is used by listboxes and comboboxes and allow you to clear the list (using Clear(), as our function does at the beginning) and change its contents by adding and removing elements. This function uses the FindFirstFile/FindNextFile functions to enumerate all the objects inside our current directory and for each subdirectory creates a IXRListBoxItem object. You can insert any kind of control inside a list box, you don’t need a IXRListBoxItem, but using it will allow you to handle the selected state of an item, highlighting it inside the list. The function creates a list box item using the CreateObject function of XRApplication. The same function is then used to create an instance of our custom control. The function returns a pointer to the control IDirectoryItem interface and we can use it to store the directory full path inside the object and add it as content of the IXRListBox item object, adding it to the listbox contents. The listbox generates an event (SelectionChanged) each time the user clicks on one of the items contained in the listbox. We implement an event handler for that event and use it to change our current directory and repopulate the listbox. The current directory full path will be displayed in the TextBlock: HRESULT Filelist_SelectionChanged(IXRDependencyObject* source,XRSelectionChangedEventArgs* args) { HRESULT retcode;   IXRListBoxItemPtr listboxitem;   if (!args->pAddedItem) return S_OK;   if (FAILED(retcode=args->pAddedItem->QueryInterface(IID_IXRListBoxItem,(void**)&listboxitem))) return retcode;   XRValue content; if (FAILED(retcode=listboxitem->GetContent(&content))) return retcode;   if (content.vType!=VTYPE_OBJECT) return E_FAIL;   IDirectoryItemPtr directoryitem;   if (FAILED(retcode=content.pObjectVal->QueryInterface(IID_IDirectoryItem,(void**)&directoryitem))) return retcode;   content.pObjectVal->Release(); content.pObjectVal=NULL;   BSTR fullpath=NULL;   if (FAILED(retcode=directoryitem->GetFullPath(&fullpath))) return retcode;   CurrentDir->SetText(fullpath);   wcscpy_s(curpath,fullpath); FillFileList(); SysFreeString(fullpath);     return S_OK; } }; The function uses the pAddedItem member of the XRSelectionChangedEventArgs object to retrieve the currently selected item, converts it to a IXRListBoxItem interface using QueryInterface, and then retrives its contents (IDirectoryItem object). Using the GetFullPath method we can get the full path of our selected directory and assing it to the curdir member. A call to FillFileList will update the listbox contents, displaying the list of subdirectories of the selected folder. To build our sample we just need to add code to our WinMain function: int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { if (!XamlRuntimeInitialize()) return -1;   HRESULT retcode;   IXRApplicationPtr app; if (FAILED(retcode=GetXRApplicationInstance(&app))) return -1;   if (FAILED(retcode=DirectoryItem::RegisterUserControl(hInstance))) return retcode;   ListPage page;   if (FAILED(page.Init(hInstance,app))) return -1;   page.FillFileList();   UINT exitcode;   if (FAILED(page.GetVisualHost()->StartDialog(&exitcode))) return -1;   return 0; } This code is very similar to the one of the WinMains of our previous samples. The main differences are that we register our custom control (you should do that as soon as you have initialized the XAML runtime) and call FillFileList after the initialization of our ListPage object to load the contents of the root folder of our device inside the listbox. As usual you can download the full sample source code from here: http://cid-9b7b0aefe3514dc5.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/.Public/ListBoxTest.zip

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  • How to scroll in the physical world AndEngine?

    - by Esteban Quintero
    I am using andengine to make a game where a sprite (player) is going up across the stage, this is my world. final Rectangle ground = new Rectangle(0, CAMERA_HEIGHT - 2, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle roof = new Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle left = new Rectangle(0, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle right = new Rectangle(CAMERA_WIDTH - 2, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final FixtureDef wallFixtureDef = PhysicsFactory.createFixtureDef(0, 0.5f, 0.5f); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, ground, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, roof, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, left, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, right, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); /* Create two sprits and add it to the scene. */ this.mScene.setBackground(autoParallaxBackground); this.mScene.attachChild(ground); this.mScene.attachChild(roof); this.mScene.attachChild(left); this.mScene.attachChild(right); this.mScene.registerUpdateHandler(this.mPhysicsWorld); The problem is that if the sprite reaches up and hits the wall, as I scroll here?

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  • How do I scroll to follow my sprite in the physical world?

    - by Esteban Quintero
    I am using andengine to make a game where a sprite (player) is going up across the stage, and I want the camera to stay centred on the sprite the entire time. This is my world so far: final Rectangle ground = new Rectangle(0, CAMERA_HEIGHT - 2, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle roof = new Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle left = new Rectangle(0, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle right = new Rectangle(CAMERA_WIDTH - 2, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final FixtureDef wallFixtureDef = PhysicsFactory.createFixtureDef(0, 0.5f, 0.5f); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, ground, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, roof, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, left, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, right, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); /* Create two sprits and add it to the scene. */ this.mScene.setBackground(autoParallaxBackground); this.mScene.attachChild(ground); this.mScene.attachChild(roof); this.mScene.attachChild(left); this.mScene.attachChild(right); this.mScene.registerUpdateHandler(this.mPhysicsWorld); The problem is that when the sprite reaches the top wall, it crashes. How can I fix this?

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  • How do I scroll in the physical world?

    - by Esteban Quintero
    I am using andengine to make a game where a sprite (player) is going up across the stage, this is my world. final Rectangle ground = new Rectangle(0, CAMERA_HEIGHT - 2, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle roof = new Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle left = new Rectangle(0, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle right = new Rectangle(CAMERA_WIDTH - 2, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final FixtureDef wallFixtureDef = PhysicsFactory.createFixtureDef(0, 0.5f, 0.5f); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, ground, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, roof, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, left, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, right, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); /* Create two sprits and add it to the scene. */ this.mScene.setBackground(autoParallaxBackground); this.mScene.attachChild(ground); this.mScene.attachChild(roof); this.mScene.attachChild(left); this.mScene.attachChild(right); this.mScene.registerUpdateHandler(this.mPhysicsWorld); The problem is that if the sprite reaches up and hits the wall, as I scroll here?

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  • How can I fit a rectangle to an irregular shape?

    - by Anil gupta
    I used masking for breaking an image into the below pattern. Now that it's broken into different pieces I need to make a rectangle of each piece. I need to drag the broken pieces and adjust to the correct position so I can reconstruct the image. To drag and put at the right position I need to make the pieces rectangles but I am not getting the idea of how to make rectangles out of these irregular shapes. How can I make rectangles for manipulating these pieces? This is a follow up to my previous question.

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  • How can I make a rectangle to an irregular shape?

    - by Anil gupta
    I used masking for breaking an image into the below pattern. Now that it's broken into different pieces I need to make a rectangle of each piece. I need to drag the broken pieces and adjust to the correct position so I can reconstruct the image. To drag and put at the right position I need to make the pieces rectangles but I am not getting the idea of how to make rectangles out of these irregular shapes. How can I make rectangles for manipulating these pieces? This is a follow up to my previous question.

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  • projective geometry: how do I turn a projection of a rectangle in 3D into a 2D view

    - by bonomo
    So the problem is that I have a 3D projection of a rectangle that I want to turn into 2D. That is I have a photo of a sheet of paper laying on a table which I want to transform into a 2D view of that sheet. So what I need is to get an undistorted 2D image by reverting all the 3D/projection transformations and getting a plain view of the sheet from the top. I happened to find some directions on the subject but they don't suggest an immediate instruction on how this can be achieved. It would be really helpful to get a step-by-step instruction of what needs to be done. Or, alternatively, a link on a resource that breaks it down to little details. Thank you

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  • A c++ program that computes the min and max of f(x) for a rectangle inputed by user

    - by StreetBallerX
    So bassicly this is the problem quoted from my teacher : "You have to write a program in C++ that computes the minimal and the maximal value of function f(x,y) obtained on an integer point in a given rectangle [a, b] x [c, d]. Your program should prompt the user to input numerical values of a, b, c and d, as floating point numbers, which are expected to be in a range from -100 thru 100. In case when minimal or maximal values do not exists, your program should output appropriate messages. f(x,y)=x+x*x+x*x*x+y+y*y " So before anyone tell me that i should try do it myself , i'll tell them that ive been trying to do it myself for the past 8 days but my deadline is aproaching and i just cant figure it out its a really simple program but i just cant understand it ... I wont post my attempts because all i saw in these forums is that when someone posts their try and a milion people start to say dont look it this way thry this and bla bla and the guy who posted it was just wondering for minor thing ... so what ever thank you all in advance and thats it :)

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  • XNA 4.0 SpriteBatch.Draw Out Of Memory Exception Thrown

    - by RustyGearGames
    Well, first of all, my guess is that I'm calling the spritebatch.draw() method to many times, but I need to (Or, it's the only way I can figure out how to) Draw my in-game windows. I'll just go ahead and dump my code; using System; using System.Text; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace System.Window { class Window { #region Variables public Texture2D importedTexture; public Texture2D WindowSkin; public RenderTarget2D currentWindow; public RenderTarget2D windowTexture; public Vector2 pos; public int prevWindowWidth; public int prevWindowHeight; public int windowWidth; public int windowHeight; public bool visible; public bool active; public bool drawNew; #region Rectangles public Rectangle clickRect; public Rectangle topLeftRect; public Rectangle topRightRect; public Rectangle buttonRect; public Rectangle botLeftRect; public Rectangle botRightRect; #endregion #endregion public Window() { } public void Initialize(GraphicsDevice g, Texture2D ws, Texture2D it, int w, int h, bool v, bool a) { WindowSkin = ws; importedTexture = it; windowWidth = w; prevWindowWidth = w; windowHeight = h; prevWindowHeight = h; windowTexture = new RenderTarget2D(g, windowWidth, windowHeight); currentWindow = windowTexture; visible = v; active = a; drawNew = true; topLeftRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, 32, 32); topRightRect = new Rectangle(32, 0, 32, 32); buttonRect = new Rectangle(64, 0, 32, 32); botLeftRect = new Rectangle(0, 64, 32, 32); botRightRect = new Rectangle(64, 64, 32, 32); } public void Update(GraphicsDevice g, Vector2 p, int width, int height) { prevWindowWidth = windowWidth; prevWindowHeight = windowHeight; pos = p; windowWidth = width; windowHeight = height; windowTexture = new RenderTarget2D(g, windowWidth+2, windowHeight+2); } public void Draw(SpriteBatch s, GraphicsDevice g) { s.Draw(currentWindow, pos, new Rectangle(0, 0, windowWidth, windowHeight), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } public void DrawNewWindow(SpriteBatch s, GraphicsDevice g) { g.SetRenderTarget(windowTexture); g.Clear(Color.Transparent); s.Begin(); #region Draw Background for (int w = 3; w < (windowWidth); w += 32) { for (int h = 32; h < (windowHeight); h += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(w, h), new Rectangle(32, 32, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } } #endregion s.Draw(importedTexture, new Vector2(3, 32), new Rectangle(0, 0, importedTexture.Width, importedTexture.Height), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); #region Draw resizables for (int i = 32; i < (windowWidth - 64); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(i, 0), new Rectangle(16, 0, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } for (int i = 32; i < (windowWidth - 32); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(i, windowHeight - 32), new Rectangle(32, 64, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } for (int i = 64; i < (windowHeight - 32); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, i), new Rectangle(0, 48, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } for (int i = 64; i < (windowHeight - 32); i += 32) { s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, i), new Rectangle(64, 48, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } #endregion #region Draw Corners s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, 0), topLeftRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, 32), new Rectangle(0, 32, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 64, 0), topRightRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, 32), new Rectangle(64, 32, 32, 32), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, 0), buttonRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(0, windowHeight - 32), botLeftRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); s.Draw(WindowSkin, new Vector2(windowWidth - 32, windowHeight - 32), botRightRect, Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); #endregion s.End(); currentWindow = windowTexture; } } } It's all nice and configured for my little windowskin texture, and such. the only problem is that it will get a little laggy, and then completely crash on me about a minute into running it. It throws an Out Of Memory Exception, but I don't know and can't find any other topic or post on this relating to spritebatch. Does anybody have any suggestions on how I can get this working and not take up much memory? I would think this as an easy, cost effective way of drawing a window. I'm just not sure how cut down on my draw calls, or get any of that memory back.

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  • OpenGL Get Rotated X and Y of quad

    - by matejkramny
    I am developing a game in 2D using LWJGL library. So far I have a rotating box. I have done basic Rectangle collision, but it doesn't work for rotated rectangles. Does OpenGL have a function that returns the vertices of rotated rectangle? Or is there another way of doing this using trigonometry? I had researched how to do this and everything I found was using some matrix that I don't understand so I am asking if there is another way of doing this. For clarification, I am trying to find out the true (rotated) X,Y of each point of the rectangle. Let's say, the first point of a rectangle (top,left) has x=10 y=10.. Width and height is 100 pixels. When I rotate the rectangle using glRotatef() the x and y stay the same. The rotation is happening inside OpenGL. I need to extract the x,y of the rectangle so I can detect collisions properly.

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  • Texture not rendering in correct order in xna 4?

    - by user1090751
    I am making a simple board game. In the game there is a fixed background called myTexture and others are textureGoat and textureTiger whicha are to be placed on top of the background(myTexture). But i am having problem that fourth and fifth component is not displaying however, the sixth component( i.e. myTexture) is appearing. Here is my code, please look at it protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Green); // TODO: Add your drawing code here spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.BackToFront, BlendState.AlphaBlend); //placing tiger spriteBatch.Draw(textureTiger, new Rectangle(22, 25, 50, 50), Color.White);//first component spriteBatch.Draw(textureTiger, new Rectangle(22, 407, 50, 50), Color.White);//second component spriteBatch.Draw(textureTiger, new Rectangle(422, 25, 50, 50), Color.White);//third component spriteBatch.Draw(textureTiger, new Rectangle(422, 407, 50, 50), Color.White);//fourth component //placing goat spriteBatch.Draw(textureGoat, new Rectangle(125, 110, 50, 50), Color.White);//fifth component //placing background spriteBatch.Draw(myTexture, new Rectangle(0, 0, 500, 500), Color.White);//sixth component spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); }

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  • Recognize objects in image

    - by DoomStone
    Hello I am in the process of doing a school project, where we have a robot driving on the ground in between Flamingo plates. We need to create an algorithm that can identify the locations of these plates, so we can create paths around them (We are using A Star for that). So far have we worked with AForged Library and we have created the following class, the only problem with this is that when it create the rectangles dose it not take in account that the plates are not always parallel with the camera border, and it that case will it just create a rectangle that cover the whole plate. So we need to some way find the rotation on the object, or another way to identify this. I have create an image that might help explain this Image the describe the problem: http://img683.imageshack.us/img683/9835/imagerectangle.png Any help on how I can do this would be greatly appreciated. Any other information or ideers are always welcome. public class PasteMap { private Bitmap image; private Bitmap processedImage; private Rectangle[] rectangels; public void initialize(Bitmap image) { this.image = image; } public void process() { processedImage = image; processedImage = applyFilters(processedImage); processedImage = filterWhite(processedImage); rectangels = extractRectangles(processedImage); //rectangels = filterRectangles(rectangels); processedImage = drawRectangelsToImage(processedImage, rectangels); } public Bitmap getProcessedImage { get { return processedImage; } } public Rectangle[] getRectangles { get { return rectangels; } } private Bitmap applyFilters(Bitmap image) { image = new ContrastCorrection(2).Apply(image); image = new GaussianBlur(10, 10).Apply(image); return image; } private Bitmap filterWhite(Bitmap image) { Bitmap test = new Bitmap(image.Width, image.Height); for (int width = 0; width < image.Width; width++) { for (int height = 0; height < image.Height; height++) { if (image.GetPixel(width, height).R > 200 && image.GetPixel(width, height).G > 200 && image.GetPixel(width, height).B > 200) { test.SetPixel(width, height, Color.White); } else test.SetPixel(width, height, Color.Black); } } return test; } private Rectangle[] extractRectangles(Bitmap image) { BlobCounter bc = new BlobCounter(); bc.FilterBlobs = true; bc.MinWidth = 5; bc.MinHeight = 5; // process binary image bc.ProcessImage( image ); Blob[] blobs = bc.GetObjects(image, false); // process blobs List<Rectangle> rects = new List<Rectangle>(); foreach (Blob blob in blobs) { if (blob.Area > 1000) { rects.Add(blob.Rectangle); } } return rects.ToArray(); } private Rectangle[] filterRectangles(Rectangle[] rects) { List<Rectangle> Rectangles = new List<Rectangle>(); foreach (Rectangle rect in rects) { if (rect.Width > 75 && rect.Height > 75) Rectangles.Add(rect); } return Rectangles.ToArray(); } private Bitmap drawRectangelsToImage(Bitmap image, Rectangle[] rects) { BitmapData data = image.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, image.Width, image.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); foreach (Rectangle rect in rects) Drawing.FillRectangle(data, rect, Color.Red); image.UnlockBits(data); return image; } }

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  • Creating a drawable rectangle in xml with one gradient on the top half and another on the bottom hal

    - by synic
    I'm trying to create a drawable in xml, a rectangle with one gradient on the top half, and another on the bottom half. This is NOT the way to do it, apparently: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item> <shape android:shape="rectangle"> <gradient android:startColor="#5a5a5a88" android:endColor="#14141488" android:angle="270" android:centerX="0.25"/> </shape> </item> <item> <shape android:shape="rectangle" android:top="80px"> <gradient android:startColor="#5aff5a88" android:endColor="#14ff1488" android:angle="270" android:centerX="0.25"/> </shape> </item> </layer-list> How can I do this, preferably in a way that makes it stretchable to any height?

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  • how to round_corner a logo without leaving white background(transparent?) with it using pil?

    - by bdictator
    I got a square logo and I need to round_corner it, searched for a while and got the follow code "working": def round_corner_jpg(image, radius): """generate round corner for image""" mask = Image.new('RGB', image.size) #mask = Image.new('RGB', (image.size[0] - radius, image.size[1] - radius)) #mask = Image.new('L', image.size, 255) draw = aggdraw.Draw(mask) brush = aggdraw.Brush('black') width, height = mask.size draw.rectangle((0,0,width,height), aggdraw.Brush('')) #upper-left corner draw.pieslice((0,0,radius*2, radius*2), 90, 180, None, brush) #upper-right corner draw.pieslice((width - radius*2, 0, width, radius*2), 0, 90, None, brush) #bottom-left corner draw.pieslice((0, height - radius * 2, radius*2, height),180, 270, None, brush) #bottom-right corner draw.pieslice((width - radius * 2, height - radius * 2, width, height), 270, 360, None, brush) #center rectangle draw.rectangle((radius, radius, width - radius, height - radius), brush) #four edge rectangle draw.rectangle((radius, 0, width - radius, radius), brush) draw.rectangle((0, radius, radius, height-radius), brush) draw.rectangle((radius, height-radius, width-radius, height), brush) draw.rectangle((width-radius, radius, width, height-radius), brush) draw.flush() del draw return ImageChops.add(mask, image) then I saved the returned image object,however it has white background in it?how can i get rid of the white background? Thanks in advance~

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  • How do I compete the transformation matrix needed to transform a rectangle into a trapezium?

    - by Rich Bradshaw
    I'm playing around with css transforms and the equivalent filters in IE, and want to simulate perspective by transforming a 2d rectangle into a trapezium. Specifically, I want the right hand side of the rectangle to stay the same height, and the left hand side to be say 80% of the height, so that the mid points of both sides are horizontally in line with each other. I'm familiar with matrix algebra, but can't think how to determine what matrix will do that.

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  • Animating Tile with Blitting taking up Memory.

    - by Kid
    I am trying to animate a specific tile in my 2d Array, using blitting. The animation consists of three different 16x16 sprites in a tilesheet. Now that works perfect with the code below. BUT it's causing memory leakage. Every second the FlashPlayer is taking up +140 kb more in memory. What part of the following code could possibly cause the leak: //The variable Rectangle finds where on the 2d array we should clear the pixels //Fillrect follows up by setting alpha 0 at that spot before we copy in nxt Sprite //Tiletype is a variable that holds what kind of tile the next tile in animation is //(from tileSheet) //drawTile() gets Sprite from tilesheet and copyPixels it into right position on canvas public function animateSprite():void{ tileGround.bitmapData.lock(); if(anmArray[0].tileType > 42){ anmArray[0].tileType = 40; frameCount = 0; } var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(anmArray[0].xtile * ts, anmArray[0].ytile * ts, ts, ts); tileGround.bitmapData.fillRect(rect, 0); anmArray[0].tileType = 40 + frameCount; drawTile(anmArray[0].tileType, anmArray[0].xtile, anmArray[0].ytile); frameCount++; tileGround.bitmapData.unlock(); } public function drawTile(spriteType:int, xt:int, yt:int):void{ var tileSprite:Bitmap = getImageFromSheet(spriteType, ts); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, ts, ts); var pt:Point = new Point(xt * ts, yt * ts); tileGround.bitmapData.copyPixels(tileSprite.bitmapData, rec, pt, null, null, true); } public function getImageFromSheet(spriteType:int, size:int):Bitmap{ var sheetColumns:int = tSheet.width/ts; var col:int = spriteType % sheetColumns; var row:int = Math.floor(spriteType/sheetColumns); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(col * ts, row * ts, size, size); var pt:Point = new Point(0,0); var correctTile:Bitmap = new Bitmap(new BitmapData(size, size, false, 0)); correctTile.bitmapData.copyPixels(tSheet, rec, pt, null, null, true); return correctTile; }

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  • GDI RoundRect on Compact Framework: make rounded rectangle's outside transparent.

    - by VansFannel
    Hello! I'm using the RoundRect GDI function to draw a rounded rectangle following this example: .NET CF Custom Control: RoundedGroupBox Because all controls are square, it also draw the corners outside of the rounded rectangle. How can I make this space left outside the rectangle transparent? The OnPaint method is: protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { int outerBrushColor = HelperMethods.ColorToWin32(m_outerColor); int innerBrushColor = HelperMethods.ColorToWin32(this.BackColor); IntPtr hdc = e.Graphics.GetHdc(); try { IntPtr hbrOuter = NativeMethods.CreateSolidBrush(outerBrushColor); IntPtr hOldBrush = NativeMethods.SelectObject(hdc, hbrOuter); NativeMethods.RoundRect(hdc, 0, 0, this.Width, this.Height, m_diametro, m_diametro); IntPtr hbrInner = NativeMethods.CreateSolidBrush(innerBrushColor); NativeMethods.SelectObject(hdc, hbrInner); NativeMethods.RoundRect(hdc, 0, 18, this.Width, this.Height, m_diametro, m_diametro); NativeMethods.SelectObject(hdc, hOldBrush); NativeMethods.DeleteObject(hbrOuter); NativeMethods.DeleteObject(hbrInner); } finally { e.Graphics.ReleaseHdc(hdc); } if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(m_roundedGroupBoxText)) { Font titleFont = new Font("Tahoma", 9.0F, FontStyle.Bold); Brush titleBrush = new SolidBrush(this.BackColor); try { e.Graphics.DrawString(m_roundedGroupBoxText, titleFont, titleBrush, 14.0F, 2.0F); } finally { titleFont.Dispose(); titleBrush.Dispose(); } } base.OnPaint(e); } An the OnPaintBackground is: protected override void OnPaintBackground(PaintEventArgs e) { if (this.Parent != null) { SolidBrush backBrush = new SolidBrush(this.Parent.BackColor); try { e.Graphics.FillRectangle(backBrush, 0, 0, this.Width, this.Height); } finally { backBrush.Dispose(); } } } Thank you!

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  • How can I test if my rotated rectangle intersects a corner?

    - by Raven Dreamer
    I have a square, tile-based collision map. To check if one of my (square) entities is colliding, I get the vertices of the 4 corners, and test those 4 points against my collision map. If none of those points are intersecting, I know I'm good to move to the new position. I'd like to allow entities to rotate. I can still calculate the 4 corners of the square, but once you factor in rotation, those 4 corners alone don't seem to be enough information to determine if the entity is trying to move to a valid state. For example: In the picture below, black is unwalkable terrain, and red is the player's hitbox. The left scenario is allowed because the 4 corners of the red square are not in the black terrain. The right scenario would also be (incorrectly) allowed, because the player, cleverly turned at a 45* angle, has its corners in valid spaces, even if it is (quite literally) cutting the corner. How can I detect scenarios similar to the situation on the right?

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  • IText can't keep rows together, second row spans multiple pages but won't stick with first row.

    - by J2SE31
    I am having trouble keeping my first and second rows of my main PDFPTable together using IText. My first row consists of a PDFPTable with some basic search criteria. My second row consists of a PdfPTable that contains all of the tabulated results. Everytime the tabulated results becomes too big and spans multiple pages, it is kicked to the second page automatically rather than showing up directly below the search criteria and then paging to the next page. How can I avoid this problem? I have tried using setSplitRows(false), but I simply get a blank document (see commented lines 117 and 170). How can I keep my tabulated data (second row) up on the first page? An example of my code is shown below (you should be able to just copy/paste). public class TestHelper{ private TestEventHelper helper; public TestHelper(){ super(); helper = new TestEventHelper(); } public TestEventHelper getHelper() { return helper; } public void setHelper(TestEventHelper helper) { this.helper = helper; } public static void main(String[] args){ TestHelper test = new TestHelper(); TestEventHelper helper = test.getHelper(); FileOutputStream file = null; Document document = null; PdfWriter writer = null; try { file = new FileOutputStream(new File("C://Documents and Settings//All Users//Desktop//pdffile2.pdf")); document = new Document(PageSize.A4.rotate(), 36, 36, 36, 36); writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(document, file); // writer.setPageEvent(templateHelper); writer.setPdfVersion(PdfWriter.PDF_VERSION_1_7); writer.setUserunit(1f); document.open(); List<Element> pages = null; try { pages = helper.createTemplate(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } Iterator<Element> iterator = pages.iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { Element element = iterator.next(); if (element instanceof Phrase) { document.newPage(); } else { document.add(element); } } } catch (Exception de) { de.printStackTrace(); // log.debug("Exception " + de + " " + de.getMessage()); } finally { if (document != null) { document.close(); } if (writer != null) { writer.close(); } } System.out.println("Done!"); } private class TestEventHelper extends PdfPageEventHelper{ // The PdfTemplate that contains the total number of pages. protected PdfTemplate total; protected BaseFont helv; private static final float SMALL_MARGIN = 20f; private static final float MARGIN = 36f; private final Font font = new Font(Font.HELVETICA, 12, Font.BOLD); private final Font font2 = new Font(Font.HELVETICA, 10, Font.BOLD); private final Font smallFont = new Font(Font.HELVETICA, 10, Font.NORMAL); private String[] datatableHeaderFields = new String[]{"Header1", "Header2", "Header3", "Header4", "Header5", "Header6", "Header7", "Header8", "Header9"}; public TestEventHelper(){ super(); } public List<Element> createTemplate() throws Exception { List<Element> elementList = new ArrayList<Element>(); float[] tableWidths = new float[]{1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.25f, 1.25f, 1.25f, 1.25f}; // logger.debug("entering create reports template..."); PdfPTable splitTable = new PdfPTable(1); splitTable.setSplitRows(false); splitTable.setWidthPercentage(100f); PdfPTable pageTable = new PdfPTable(1); pageTable.setKeepTogether(true); pageTable.setWidthPercentage(100f); PdfPTable searchTable = generateSearchFields(); if(searchTable != null){ searchTable.setSpacingAfter(25f); } PdfPTable outlineTable = new PdfPTable(1); outlineTable.setKeepTogether(true); outlineTable.setWidthPercentage(100f); PdfPTable datatable = new PdfPTable(datatableHeaderFields.length); datatable.setKeepTogether(false); datatable.setWidths(tableWidths); generateDatatableHeader(datatable); for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++){ addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+1), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+2), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+3), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+4), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+5), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+6), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+7), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, smallFont, true); addCell(datatable, String.valueOf(i+8), 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_RIGHT, smallFont, true); } PdfPCell dataCell = new PdfPCell(datatable); dataCell.setBorder(Rectangle.BOX); outlineTable.addCell(dataCell); PdfPCell searchCell = new PdfPCell(searchTable); searchCell.setVerticalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_TOP); PdfPCell outlineCell = new PdfPCell(outlineTable); outlineCell.setVerticalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_TOP); addCell(pageTable, searchCell, 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_LEFT, null, null); addCell(pageTable, outlineCell, 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, null, null); PdfPCell pageCell = new PdfPCell(pageTable); pageCell.setVerticalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_TOP); addCell(splitTable, pageCell, 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, null, null); elementList.add(pageTable); // elementList.add(splitTable); return elementList; } public void onOpenDocument(PdfWriter writer, Document document) { total = writer.getDirectContent().createTemplate(100, 100); total.setBoundingBox(new Rectangle(-20, -20, 100, 100)); try { helv = BaseFont.createFont(BaseFont.HELVETICA, BaseFont.WINANSI, BaseFont.NOT_EMBEDDED); } catch (Exception e) { throw new ExceptionConverter(e); } } public void onEndPage(PdfWriter writer, Document document) { //TODO } public void onCloseDocument(PdfWriter writer, Document document) { total.beginText(); total.setFontAndSize(helv, 10); total.setTextMatrix(0, 0); total.showText(String.valueOf(writer.getPageNumber() - 1)); total.endText(); } private PdfPTable generateSearchFields(){ PdfPTable searchTable = new PdfPTable(2); for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++){ addCell(searchTable, "Search Key" +i, 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_RIGHT, font2, MARGIN, true); addCell(searchTable, "Search Value +i", 1, Rectangle.NO_BORDER, Element.ALIGN_LEFT, smallFont, null, true); } return searchTable; } private void generateDatatableHeader(PdfPTable datatable) { if (datatableHeaderFields != null && datatableHeaderFields.length != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < datatableHeaderFields.length; i++) { addCell(datatable, datatableHeaderFields[i], 1, Rectangle.BOX, Element.ALIGN_CENTER, font2); } } } private PdfPCell addCell(PdfPTable table, String cellContent, int colspan, int cellBorder, int horizontalAlignment, Font font) { return addCell(table, cellContent, colspan, cellBorder, horizontalAlignment, font, null, null); } private PdfPCell addCell(PdfPTable table, String cellContent, int colspan, int cellBorder, int horizontalAlignment, Font font, Boolean noWrap) { return addCell(table, cellContent, colspan, cellBorder, horizontalAlignment, font, null, noWrap); } private PdfPCell addCell(PdfPTable table, String cellContent, Integer colspan, Integer cellBorder, Integer horizontalAlignment, Font font, Float paddingLeft, Boolean noWrap) { PdfPCell cell = new PdfPCell(new Phrase(cellContent, font)); return addCell(table, cell, colspan, cellBorder, horizontalAlignment, paddingLeft, noWrap); } private PdfPCell addCell(PdfPTable table, PdfPCell cell, int colspan, int cellBorder, int horizontalAlignment, Float paddingLeft, Boolean noWrap) { cell.setColspan(colspan); cell.setBorder(cellBorder); cell.setHorizontalAlignment(horizontalAlignment); if(paddingLeft != null){ cell.setPaddingLeft(paddingLeft); } if(noWrap != null){ cell.setNoWrap(noWrap); } table.addCell(cell); return cell; } } }

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  • PropertyGrid PaintValue problem: How to remove (and paint outside) the standard rectangle?

    - by Pedery
    This might be a straightforward question, even though I haven't found an easy solution to it: I've implemented my custom UITypeEditor with the sole purpose of adding a PaintValue to bools. For the sake of the discussion, let's assume that PaintValue will either paint a checked or unchecked radiobutton. Question 1: Now, here's the problem: It seems like PaintValue automatically inserts a 20x13px rectangle after all paint code has completed. Naturally, a radiobutton inside a black rectangle is ugly. Can I easily instruct or override this rectagle not to be painted? Question 2: In this respect, is it possible to paint on top of the propertygrid's native look - meaning could I paint something in order to obscure (part of) the black line separating two grid cells vertically? The purpose of doing this would be to indicate that two values were linked, like constrained width/height to an aspect ratio.

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