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  • String Length Evaluating Incorrectly

    - by Justin R.
    My coworker and I are debugging an issue in a WCF service he's working on where a string's length isn't being evaluated correctly. He is running this method to unit test a method in his WCF service: // Unit test method public void RemoveAppGroupTest() { string addGroup = "TestGroup"; string status = string.Empty; string message = string.Empty; appActiveDirectoryServicesClient.RemoveAppGroup("AOD", addGroup, ref status, ref message); } // Inside the WCF service [OperationBehavior(Impersonation = ImpersonationOption.Required)] public void RemoveAppGroup(string AppName, string GroupName, ref string Status, ref string Message) { string accessOnDemandDomain = "MyDomain"; RemoveAppGroupFromDomain(AppName, accessOnDemandDomain, GroupName, ref Status, ref Message); } public AppActiveDirectoryDomain(string AppName, string DomainName) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(AppName)) { throw new ArgumentNullException("AppName", "You must specify an application name"); } } We tried to step into the .NET source code to see what value string.IsNullOrEmpty was receiving, but the IDE printed this message when we attempted to evaluate the variable: 'Cannot obtain value of local or argument 'value' as it is not available at this instruction pointer, possibly because it has been optimized away.' (None of the projects involved have optimizations enabled). So, we decided to try explicitly setting the value of the variable inside the method itself, immediately before the length check -- but that didn't help. // Lets try this again. public AppActiveDirectoryDomain(string AppName, string DomainName) { // Explicitly set the value for testing purposes. AppName = "AOD"; if (AppName == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("AppName", "You must specify an application name"); } if (AppName.Length == 0) { // This exception gets thrown, even though it obviously isn't a zero length string. throw new ArgumentNullException("AppName", "You must specify an application name"); } } We're really pulling our hair out on this one. Has anyone else experienced behavior like this? Any tips on debugging it?

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  • Liskov Substitution Principle and the Oft Forgot Third Wheel

    - by Stacy Vicknair
    Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) is a principle of object oriented programming that many might be familiar with from the SOLID principles mnemonic from Uncle Bob Martin. The principle highlights the relationship between a type and its subtypes, and, according to Wikipedia, is defined by Barbara Liskov and Jeanette Wing as the following principle:   Let be a property provable about objects of type . Then should be provable for objects of type where is a subtype of .   Rectangles gonna rectangulate The iconic example of this principle is illustrated with the relationship between a rectangle and a square. Let’s say we have a class named Rectangle that had a property to set width and a property to set its height. 1: Public Class Rectangle 2: Overridable Property Width As Integer 3: Overridable Property Height As Integer 4: End Class   We all at some point here that inheritance mocks an “IS A” relationship, and by gosh we all know square IS A rectangle. So let’s make a square class that inherits from rectangle. However, squares do maintain the same length on every side, so let’s override and add that behavior. 1: Public Class Square 2: Inherits Rectangle 3:  4: Private _sideLength As Integer 5:  6: Public Overrides Property Width As Integer 7: Get 8: Return _sideLength 9: End Get 10: Set(value As Integer) 11: _sideLength = value 12: End Set 13: End Property 14:  15: Public Overrides Property Height As Integer 16: Get 17: Return _sideLength 18: End Get 19: Set(value As Integer) 20: _sideLength = value 21: End Set 22: End Property 23: End Class   Now, say we had the following test: 1: Public Sub SetHeight_DoesNotAffectWidth(rectangle As Rectangle) 2: 'arrange 3: Dim expectedWidth = 4 4: rectangle.Width = 4 5:  6: 'act 7: rectangle.Height = 7 8:  9: 'assert 10: Assert.AreEqual(expectedWidth, rectangle.Width) 11: End Sub   If we pass in a rectangle, this test passes just fine. What if we pass in a square?   This is where we see the violation of Liskov’s Principle! A square might "IS A” to a rectangle, but we have differing expectations on how a rectangle should function than how a square should! Great expectations Here’s where we pat ourselves on the back and take a victory lap around the office and tell everyone about how we understand LSP like a boss. And all is good… until we start trying to apply it to our work. If I can’t even change functionality on a simple setter without breaking the expectations on a parent class, what can I do with subtyping? Did Liskov just tell me to never touch subtyping again? The short answer: NO, SHE DIDN’T. When I first learned LSP, and from those I’ve talked with as well, I overlooked a very important but not appropriately stressed quality of the principle: our expectations. Our inclination is to want a logical catch-all, where we can easily apply this principle and wipe our hands, drop the mic and exit stage left. That’s not the case because in every different programming scenario, our expectations of the parent class or type will be different. We have to set reasonable expectations on the behaviors that we expect out of the parent, then make sure that those expectations are met by the child. Any expectations not explicitly expected of the parent aren’t expected of the child either, and don’t register as a violation of LSP that prevents implementation. You can see the flexibility mentioned in the Wikipedia article itself: A typical example that violates LSP is a Square class that derives from a Rectangle class, assuming getter and setter methods exist for both width and height. The Square class always assumes that the width is equal with the height. If a Square object is used in a context where a Rectangle is expected, unexpected behavior may occur because the dimensions of a Square cannot (or rather should not) be modified independently. This problem cannot be easily fixed: if we can modify the setter methods in the Square class so that they preserve the Square invariant (i.e., keep the dimensions equal), then these methods will weaken (violate) the postconditions for the Rectangle setters, which state that dimensions can be modified independently. Violations of LSP, like this one, may or may not be a problem in practice, depending on the postconditions or invariants that are actually expected by the code that uses classes violating LSP. Mutability is a key issue here. If Square and Rectangle had only getter methods (i.e., they were immutable objects), then no violation of LSP could occur. What this means is that the above situation with a rectangle and a square can be acceptable if we do not have the expectation for width to leave height unaffected, or vice-versa, in our application. Conclusion – the oft forgot third wheel Liskov Substitution Principle is meant to act as a guidance and warn us against unexpected behaviors. Objects can be stateful and as a result we can end up with unexpected situations if we don’t code carefully. Specifically when subclassing, make sure that the subclass meets the expectations held to its parent. Don’t let LSP think you cannot deviate from the behaviors of the parent, but understand that LSP is meant to highlight the importance of not only the parent and the child class, but also of the expectations WE set for the parent class and the necessity of meeting those expectations in order to help prevent sticky situations.   Code examples, in both VB and C# Technorati Tags: LSV,Liskov Substitution Principle,Uncle Bob,Robert Martin,Barbara Liskov,Liskov

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  • PHP mySQL - replace some string inside string

    - by apis17
    i want to replace ALL comma , into ,<space> in all address table in my mysql table. For example, +----------------+----------------+ | Name | Address | +----------------+----------------+ | Someone name | A1,Street Name | +----------------+----------------+ Into +----------------+----------------+ | Name | Address | +----------------+----------------+ | Someone name | A1, Street Name| +----------------+----------------+ Thanks in advance.

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  • Interning strings in Java

    - by Tiny
    The following segment of code interns a string. String str1="my"; String str2="string"; String concat1=str1+str2; concat1.intern(); System.out.println(concat1=="mystring"); The expression concat1=="mystring" returns true because concat1 has been interned. If the given string mystring is changed to string as shown in the following snippet. String str11="str"; String str12="ing"; String concat11=str11+str12; concat11.intern(); System.out.println(concat11=="string"); The comparison expression concat11=="string" returns false. The string held by concat11 doesn't seem to be interned. What am I overlooking here? I have tested on Java 7, update 11.

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  • Add string to another string

    - by daemonfire300
    Hi there, I currently encountered a problem: I want to handle adding strings to other strings very efficiently, so I looked up many methods and techniques, and I figured the "fastest" method. But I quite can not understand how it actually works: def method6(): return ''.join([`num` for num in xrange(loop_count)]) From source (Method 6) Especially the ([numfor num in xrange(loop_count)]) confused me totally.

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  • Python/Django Concatenate a string depending on whether that string exists

    - by Douglas Meehan
    I'm creating a property on a Django model called "address". I want address to consist of the concatenation of a number of fields I have on my model. The problem is that not all instances of this model will have values for all of these fields. So, I want to concatenate only those fields that have values. What is the best/most Pythonic way to do this? Here are the relevant fields from the model: house = models.IntegerField('House Number', null=True, blank=True) suf = models.CharField('House Number Suffix', max_length=1, null=True, blank=True) unit = models.CharField('Address Unit', max_length=7, null=True, blank=True) stex = models.IntegerField('Address Extention', null=True, blank=True) stdir = models.CharField('Street Direction', max_length=254, null=True, blank=True) stnam = models.CharField('Street Name', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True) stdes = models.CharField('Street Designation', max_length=3, null=True, blank=True) stdessuf = models.CharField('Street Designation Suffix',max_length=1, null=True, blank=True) I could just do something like this: def _get_address(self): return "%s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s" % (self.house, self.suf, self.unit, self.stex, self.stdir, self.stname, self.stdes, self.stdessuf) but then there would be extra blank spaces in the result. I could do a series of if statements and concatenate within each, but that seems ugly. What's the best way to handle this situation? Thanks.

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  • collect string in loop and printout all the string outside loop

    - by user1508163
    I'm newbie here and there is some question that I want have some lesson from you guys. For example: #include <stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<ctype.h> void main() { char name[51],selection; do { printf("Enter name: "); fflush(stdin); gets(name); printf("Enter another name?(Y/N)"); scanf("%c",&selection); selection=toupper(selection); }while (selection=='Y'); //I want to printout the entered name here but dunno the coding printf("END\n"); system("pause"); } As I know when the loops perform will overwrite the variable then how I perform a coding that will printout all the name user entered? I have already ask my tutor and he is ask me to use pointer, can anyone guide me in this case?

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  • Why use string.Empty over "" when assigning to a string object

    - by dreza
    I've been running StyleCop over my code and one of the recommendations SA1122 is to use string.Empty rather than "" when assigning an empty string to a value. My question is why is this considered best practice. Or, is this considered best practice? I assume there is no compiler difference between the two statements so I can only think that it's a readability thing? UPDATE: Thanks for the answers but it's been kindly pointed out this question has been asked many times already on SO, which in hind-sight I should have considered and searched first before asking here. Some of these especially forward links makes for interesting reading. SO question and answer Jon Skeet answer to question

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  • What's a good way of building up a String where you specific start and end locations?

    - by Michael Campbell
    (java 1.5) I have a need to build up a String, in pieces. I'm given a set of (sub)strings, each with a start and end point of where they belong in the final string. Was wondering if there were some canonical way of doing this. This isn't homework, and I can use any licensable OSS, such as jakarta commons-lang StringUtils etc. My company has a solution using a CharBuffer, and I'm content to leave it as is (and add some unit tests, of which there are none (?!)) but the code is fairly hideous and I would like something easier to read. As I said this isn't homework, and I don't need a complete solution, just some pointers to libraries or java classes that might give me some insight. The String.Format didn't seem QUITE right... I would have to honor inputs too long and too short, etc. Substrings would be overlaid in the order they appear (in case of overlap). As an example of input, I might have something like: String:start:end FO:0:3 (string shorter than field) BAR:4:5 (String larger than field) BLEH:5:9 (String overlays previous field) I'd want to end up with FO BBLEH 01234567890

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  • What's a good way of building up a String given specific start and end locations?

    - by Michael Campbell
    (java 1.5) I have a need to build up a String, in pieces. I'm given a set of (sub)strings, each with a start and end point of where they belong in the final string. Was wondering if there were some canonical way of doing this. This isn't homework, and I can use any licensable OSS, such as jakarta commons-lang StringUtils etc. My company has a solution using a CharBuffer, and I'm content to leave it as is (and add some unit tests, of which there are none (?!)) but the code is fairly hideous and I would like something easier to read. As I said this isn't homework, and I don't need a complete solution, just some pointers to libraries or java classes that might give me some insight. The String.Format didn't seem QUITE right... I would have to honor inputs too long and too short, etc. Substrings would be overlaid in the order they appear (in case of overlap). As an example of input, I might have something like: String:start:end FO:0:3 (string shorter than field) BAR:4:5 (String larger than field) BLEH:5:9 (String overlays previous field) I'd want to end up with FO BBLEH 01234567890

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  • NameValueCollection vs Dictionary<string,string>

    - by frankadelic
    Any reason I should use Dictionary<string,string instead of NameValueCollection? (in C# / .NET Framework) Option 1, using NameValueCollection: //enter values: NameValueCollection nvc = new NameValueCollection() { {"key1", "value1"}, {"key2", "value2"}, {"key3", "value3"} }; // retrieve values: foreach(string key in nvc.AllKeys) { string value = nvc[key]; // do something } Option 2, using Dictionary<string,string... //enter values: Dictionary<string, string> dict = new Dictionary<string, string>() { {"key1", "value1"}, {"key2", "value2"}, {"key3", "value3"} }; // retrieve values: foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in dict) { string key = kvp.Key; string val = kvp.Value; // do something } For these use cases, is there any advantage to use one versus the other? Any difference in performance, memory use, sort order, etc.?

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  • How to have a function with a nullable string parameter in Go?

    - by yuku
    I'm used to Java's String where we can pass null rather than "" for special meanings, such as use a default value. In Go, string is a primitive type, so I cannot pass nil (null) to a parameter that requires a string. I could write the function using pointer type, like this: func f(s *string) so caller can call that function either as f(nil) or // not so elegant temp := "hello"; f(&temp) but the following is unfortunately not allowed: // elegant but disallowed f(&"hello"); What is the best way to have a parameter that receives either a string or nil?

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  • handle null values for string when implementing IXmlSerializable interface

    - by user208081
    I have the following class that implements IXmlSerializable. When implementing WriteXml(), I need to handle the case where the string members of this class may be null values. What is the best way of handling this? Currently, I am using the default constructor in which all the string properties are initialized to empty string values. This way, when WriteXml() is called, the string will not be null. One other way I could do this is check using String.IsNullOrEmpty before writing each string in xml. Any suggestions on how I can improve this code? using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Xml.Serialization; using System.Globalization; namespace TCS.Common.InformationObjects { public sealed class FaxSender : IXmlSerializable { #region Public Constants private const string DEFAULT_CLASS_NAME = "FaxSender"; #endregion Public Constants #region Public Properties public string Name { get; set; } public string Organization { get; set; } public string PhoneNumber { get; set; } public string FaxNumber { get; set; } public string EmailAddress { get; set; } #endregion Public Properties #region Public Methods #region Constructors public FaxSender() { Name = String.Empty; Organization = String.Empty; PhoneNumber = String.Empty; FaxNumber = String.Empty; EmailAddress = String.Empty; } public FaxSender(string name, string organization, string phoneNumber, string faxNumber, string emailAddress) { Name = name; Organization = organization; PhoneNumber = phoneNumber; FaxNumber = faxNumber; EmailAddress = emailAddress; } #endregion Constructors #region IXmlSerializable Members public System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema GetSchema() { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public void ReadXml(System.Xml.XmlReader reader) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public void WriteXml(System.Xml.XmlWriter xmlWriter) { try { // <sender> xmlWriter.WriteStartElement("sender"); // Write the name of the sender as an element. xmlWriter.WriteElementString("name", this.Name.ToString(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)); // Write the organization of the sender as an element. xmlWriter.WriteElementString("organization", this.Organization.ToString(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)); // Write the phone number of the sender as an element. xmlWriter.WriteElementString("phone_number", this.PhoneNumber.ToString(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)); // Write the fax number of the sender as an element. xmlWriter.WriteElementString("fax_number", this.FaxNumber.ToString(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)); // Write the email address of the sender as an element. xmlWriter.WriteElementString("email_address", this.EmailAddress.ToString(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)); // </sender> xmlWriter.WriteEndElement(); } catch { // Rethrow any exceptions. throw; } } #endregion IXmlSerializable Members #endregion Public Methods } }

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  • Determining Whether a String Is Contained Within a String Array (Case Insensitive)

    About once every couple of months I need to write a bit of code that does one thing if a particular string is found within an array of strings and something else if it is not ignoring differences in case. For whatever reason, I never seem to remember the code snippet to accomplish this, so after spending 10 minutes of research today I thought I'd write it down here in an effort to help commit it to memory or, at the very least, serve as a quick place to find the answer when the need arises again.So without further adieu, here it is:Visual Basic Version:If stringArrayName.Contains("valueToLookFor", StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase) Then ... Else ... End IfC# Version:if (stringArrayName.Contains("valueToLookFor", StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) ... else ...Without the StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase the search will be case-sensitive. For more information on comparing strings, see: New Recommendations for Using Strings in Microsoft .NET 2.0.Happy Programming!Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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  • Examples of Liskov Substitution

    - by james lewis
    I'm facilitating a session next week on the Liskov Substitution Principle and I was wondering if anyone had any examples of violations 'from the trenches'? I'm looking for something other than uncle Bob's rectangle - square problem and the persistent set problem he talks about in A-PPP (although that is a great example). So far I'm using the example of a (very simple) List and an IndexedList as the 'correct' use of inheritance. And the addition of a Set to this hierarchy as a violation (as a Set is distinct; strengthening the pre condition of the Add method). I've also taken this great example and it's solution from this question Both those examples are great but I'm looking for something more subtle and harder to spot. So far I've come up with nothing so if you've got a great, subtle example post it up. Also, any metaphors you've come across that helped you understand LSP would be really useful too.

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  • Liskov substitution principle with abstract parent class

    - by Songo
    Does Liskov substitution principle apply to inheritance hierarchies where the parent is an abstract class the same way if the parent is a concrete class? The Wikipedia page list several conditions that have to be met before a hierarchy is deemed to be correct. However, I have read in a blog post that one way to make things easier to conform to LSP is to use abstract parent instead of a concrete class. How does the choice of the parent type (abstract vs concrete) impacts the LSP? Is it better to have an abstract base class whenever possible?

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  • How Do I Remove The First 4 Characters From A String If It Matches A Pattern In Ruby

    - by James
    I have the following string: "h3. My Title Goes Here" I basically want to remove the first 4 characters from the string so that I just get back: "My Title Goes Here". The thing is I am iterating over an array of strings and not all have the h3. part in front so I can't just ditch the first 4 characters blindly. I have checked the docs and the closest think I could find was chomp, but that only works for the end of a string. Right now I am doing this: "h3. My Title Goes Here".reverse.chomp(" .3h").reverse This gives me my desired output, but there has to be a better way right? I mean I don't want to reverse a string twice for no reason. I am new to programming so I might have missed something obvious, but I didn't see the opposite of chomp anywhere in the docs. Is there another method that will work? Thanks!

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  • How to find first non-repetitive character from a string?

    - by masato-san
    I've spent half day trying to figure out this and finally I got working solution. However, I feel like this can be done in simpler way. I think this code is not really readable. Problem: Find first non-repetitive character from a string. $string = "abbcabz" In this case, the function should output "c". The reason I use concatenation instead of $input[index_to_remove] = '' in order to remove character from a given string is because if I do that, it actually just leave empty cell so that my return value $input[0] does not not return the character I want to return. For instance, $str = "abc"; $str[0] = ''; echo $str; This will output "bc" But actually if I test, var_dump($str); it will give me: string(3) "bc" Here is my intention: Given: input while first char exists in substring of input { get index_to_remove input = chars left of index_to_remove . chars right of index_to_remove if dupe of first char is not found from substring remove first char from input } return first char of input Code: function find_first_non_repetitive2($input) { while(strpos(substr($input, 1), $input[0]) !== false) { $index_to_remove = strpos(substr($input,1), $input[0]) + 1; $input = substr($input, 0, $index_to_remove) . substr($input, $index_to_remove + 1); if(strpos(substr($input, 1), $input[0]) == false) { $input = substr($input, 1); } } return $input[0]; }

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  • JavaScript: Given an offset and substring length in an HTML string, what is the parent node?

    - by Bungle
    My current project requires locating an array of strings within an element's text content, then wrapping those matching strings in <a> elements using JavaScript (requirements simplified here for clarity). I need to avoid jQuery if at all possible - at least including the full library. For example, given this block of HTML: <div> <p>This is a paragraph of text used as an example in this Stack Overflow question.</p> </div> and this array of strings to match: ['paragraph', 'example'] I would need to arrive at this: <div> <p>This is a <a href="http://www.example.com/">paragraph</a> of text used as an <a href="http://www.example.com/">example</a> in this Stack Overflow question.</p> </div> I've arrived at a solution to this by using the innerHTML() method and some string manipulation - basically using the offsets (via indexOf()) and lengths of the strings in the array to break the HTML string apart at the appropriate character offsets and insert <a href="http://www.example.com/"> and </a> tags where needed. However, an additional requirement has me stumped. I'm not allowed to wrap any matched strings in <a> elements if they're already in one, or if they're a descendant of a heading element (<h1> to <h6>). So, given the same array of strings above and this block of HTML (the term matching has to be case-insensitive, by the way): <div> <h1>Example</a> <p>This is a <a href="http://www.example.com/">paragraph of text</a> used as an example in this Stack Overflow question.</p> </div> I would need to disregard both the occurrence of "Example" in the <h1> element, and the "paragraph" in <a href="http://www.example.com/">paragraph of text</a>. This suggests to me that I have to determine which node each matched string is in, and then traverse its ancestors until I hit <body>, checking to see if I encounter a <a> or <h_> node along the way. Firstly, does this sound reasonable? Is there a simpler or more obvious approach that I've failed to consider? It doesn't seem like regular expressions or another string-based comparison to find bounding tags would be robust - I'm thinking of issues like self-closing elements, irregularly nested tags, etc. There's also this... Secondly, is this possible, and if so, how would I approach it?

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