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• How to access functions in extended classes efficiently?

  - by nischayn22

  In PHP I have classes as below class Animal { //some vars public function printname(){ echo $this->name; } } class AnimalMySql extends Animal { static public function getTableFields(){ return array(); } } class AnimalPostgreSql extends Animal { static public function getTableFields(){ return array(); } } Now I have an object $lion = new Animal(); and I want to do if($store == mysql) //getTableFields from class AnimalMySql else //getTableFields form class AnimalPostgreSql I am new to OOP and not sure what is the best way to call the method from the specific class P.S. Please leave a note with the answer to explain the efficiency of the approach

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• OOP Structure for web application

  - by Query

  Ok so I have a website in which users complete tasks to earn points. When they earn enough points, they rise in rank. The site from my understanding is very basic and only executes one query or two queries at most a page. There is a user table, a support ticket table, and an orders table. All of these contain a relational row for username. Our class was familiarized with OOP back in highschool with Java but that was for video games and I could grasp the concept on why you would need a class player and class enemy. However I don't understand it's web application. At least not in my situation. I understand the user class might contain stuff like: getUsername getPoints getEmail setEmail addPoints (does this belong here? OR only things the user can manipulate should be here?) etc.. But I'm at a loss with everything else such as user registration. Can you help give me a wire framework that I could wrap my head around? Pointing me to a good eBook would help greatly

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• OOP PHP make separate classes or one

  - by user2956219

  I'm studying OOP PHP and working on a small personal project but I have hard time grasping some concepts. Let's say I have a list of items, each item belongs to subcategory, and each subcategory belongs to category. So should I make separate classes for category (with methods to list all categories, add new category, delete category), class for subcategories and class for items? Or should I make creating, listing and deleting categories as methods for item class? Both category and subcategory are very simple and basically consist of ID, Name and parentID (for subcategory).

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• How to separate and maintain customer specific code

  - by WYSIWYG

  I am implementing customer specific code and currently following simple approach like if (cusomterId == 23) do it. I want to separate out all the customer related code in separate place. But I have following problems. In code is in 1. Stored procs 2. Plain old classes. 3. Controllers 4. Views I came up with two solutions. First is to create table CustomerFunctionlity with columns CustomerId, FunctionalityName, method/Proc, inputs/outputs With this table I can simply check if exists, execute given function. Another way is creating a factory which returns customer related object for an interface. I am writting small end to end customer specific functionalities. How can I write maintenable code. Thanks

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• Name for this antipattern? Fields as local variables

  - by JSB????

  In some code I'm reviewing, I'm seeing stuff that's the moral equivalent of the following: public class Foo { private Bar bar; public MethodA() { bar = new Bar(); bar.A(); bar = null; } public MethodB() { bar = new Bar(); bar.B(); bar = null; } } The field bar here is logically a local variable, as its value is never intended to persist across method calls. However, since many of the methods in Foo need an object of type Bar, the original code author has just made a field of type Bar. This is obviously bad, right? Is there a name for this antipattern?

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• Where would a senior PHP developer locate the method getActiveEntries()?

  - by darga33

  I have a class named GuestbookEntry that maps to the properties that are in the database table named "guestbook". Very simple! Originally, I had a static method named getActiveEntries() that retrieved an array of all GuestbookEntry objects. Each row in the guestbook table was an object that was added to that array. Then while learning how to properly design PHP classes, I learned some things: Static methods are not desirable. Separation of Concerns Single Responsibility Principle If the GuestbookEntry class should only be responsible for managing single guestbook entries then where should this getActiveEntries() method most properly go? Update: I am looking for an answer that complies with the SOLID acronym principles and allows for test-ability. That's why I want to stay away from static calls/standard functions. DAO, repository, ...? Please explain as though your explanation will be part of "Where to Locate FOR DUMMIES"... :-)

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• What is the better design decision approach?

  - by palm snow

  I have two classes (MyFoo1 and MyFoo2) that share some common functionality. So far it does not seem like I need any polymorphic inheritence but at this point I am considering the following options: Have the common functionality in a utility class. Both of these classes call these methods from that utility class. Have an abstract class and implement common methods in that abstract class. Then derive MyFoo1 and MyFoo2 from that abstract class. Any suggestion on what would be a better design decision?

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• Search and Replace in MVC

  - by danip

  What would be a good MVC/OOP/GRASP/SOLID structure for a search/replace functionality. Methods: search/searchNext/replace/replaceAll. I'm interested only in the PHP arhitecture and how a professional developer would implement this in it's OWN FRAMEWORK. What names would you use for the classes? What subfolders would you used in your MODEL folder? How would you connect the MODELS/CONTROLLER? This is just a arhitecture question to understand better the principles of good OOP in practice. My current implementation is very simplistic using a service model: /controller/SearchReplaceController.php /models/services/SearchReplaceService.php The problem with this is I know I'm breaking SRP in the service but I found this somehow acceptable. Also creating a service does not feel like the best solution for this.

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• Recommended design pattern for object with optional and modifiable attributtes? [on hold]

  - by Ikuzen

  I've been using the Builder pattern to create objects with a large number of attributes, where most of them are optional. But up until now, I've defined them as final, as recommended by Joshua Block and other authors, and haven't needed to change their values. I am wondering what should I do though if I need a class with a substantial number of optional but non-final (mutable) attributes? My Builder pattern code looks like this: public class Example { //All possible parameters (optional or not) private final int param1; private final int param2; //Builder class public static class Builder { private final int param1; //Required parameters private int param2 = 0; //Optional parameters - initialized to default //Builder constructor public Builder (int param1) { this.param1 = param1; } //Setter-like methods for optional parameters public Builder param2(int value) { param2 = value; return this; } //build() method public Example build() { return new Example(this); } } //Private constructor private Example(Builder builder) { param1 = builder.param1; param2 = builder.param2; } } Can I just remove the final keyword from the declaration to be able to access the attributes externally (through normal setters, for example)? Or is there a creational pattern that allows optional but non-final attributes that would be better suited in this case?

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• Should Equality be commutative within a Class Hierachy?

  - by vossad01

  It is easy to define the Equals operation in ways that are not commutative. When providing equality against other types, there are obviously situations (in most languages) were equality not being commutative is unavoidable. However, within one's own inheritance hierarchy where the root base class defines an equality member, a programmer has more control. Thus you can create situations where (A = B) ? (B = A), where A and B both derive from base class T Substituting the = with the appropriate variation for a given language. (.Equals(_), ==, etc.) That seems wrong to me, however, I recognize I may be biased by background in Mathematics. I have not been in programming long enough to know what is standard/accepted/preferred practice when programming. Do most programmers just accept .Equals(_)may not be commutative and code defensibly. Do they expect commutativity and get annoyed if it is not. In short, when working in a class hierarchy, should effort me made to ensure Equality is commutative?

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• Should the 12-String be in it's own class and why?

  - by MayNotBe

  This question is regarding a homework project in my first Java programming class (online program). The assignment is to create a "stringed instrument" class using (among other things) an array of String names representing instrument string names ("A", "E", etc). The idea for the 12-string is beyond the scope of the assignment (it doesn't have to be included at all) but now that I've thought of it, I want to figure out how to make it work. Part of me feels like the 12-String should have it's own class, but another part of me feels that it should be in the guitar class because it's a guitar. I suppose this will become clear as I progress but I thought I would see what kind of response I get here. Also, why would they ask for a String[] for the instrument string names? Seems like a char[] makes more sense. Thank you for any insight. Here's my code so far (it's a work in progress): public class Guitar { private int numberOfStrings = 6; private static int numberOfGuitars = 0; private String[] stringNotes = {"E", "A", "D", "G", "B", "A"}; private boolean tuned = false; private boolean playing = false; public Guitar(){ numberOfGuitars++; } public Guitar(boolean twelveString){ if(twelveString){ stringNotes[0] = "E, E"; stringNotes[1] = "A, A"; stringNotes[2] = "D, D"; stringNotes[3] = "G, G"; stringNotes[4] = "B, B"; stringNotes[5] = "E, E"; numberOfStrings = 12; } } public int getNumberOfStrings() { return numberOfStrings; } public void setNumberOfStrings(int strings) { if(strings == 12 || strings == 6) { if(strings == 12){ stringNotes[0] = "E, E"; stringNotes[1] = "A, A"; stringNotes[2] = "D, D"; stringNotes[3] = "G, G"; stringNotes[4] = "B, B"; stringNotes[5] = "E, E"; numberOfStrings = strings; } if(strings == 6) numberOfStrings = strings; }//if else System.out.println("***ERROR***Guitar can only have 6 or 12 strings***ERROR***"); } public void getStringNotes() { for(int i = 0; i < stringNotes.length; i++){ if(i == stringNotes.length - 1) System.out.println(stringNotes[i]); else System.out.print(stringNotes[i] + ", "); }//for }

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• Did Bjarne Stroustrup create the terms constructor/destructor when talking about objects?

  - by user104971

  I was watching this keynote and Bjarne Stroustrup (Creator of C++) claims that he hadn't yet invented the words constructor and destructor yet when he was giving an example of RAII. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYBLXBJr0HU I know the concept of construction and destruction has been around a lot longer (even in C, a function that allocates and returns a struct and then a function that frees it etc.), but was Bjarne really the first to invent the terms?

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• Should the 12-String be in it's own class and why? Java

  - by MayNotBe

  This is my first question here. I will amend it as instructed. This is regarding a homework project in my first Java programming class (online program). The assignment is to create a "stringed instrument" class using (among other things) an array of String names representing instrument string names ("A", "E", etc). The idea for the 12-string is beyond the scope of the assignment (it doesn't have to be included at all) but now that I've thought of it, I want to figure out how to make it work. Part of me feels like the 12-String should have it's own class, but another part of me feels that it should be in the guitar class because it's a guitar. I suppose this will become clear as I progress but I thought I would see what kind of response I get here. Also, why would they ask for a String[] for the instrument string names? Seems like a char[] makes more sense. Thank you for any insight. Here's my code so far (it's a work in progress): public class Guitar { private int numberOfStrings = 6; private static int numberOfGuitars = 0; private String[] stringNotes = {"E", "A", "D", "G", "B", "A"}; private boolean tuned = false; private boolean playing = false; public Guitar(){ numberOfGuitars++; } public Guitar(boolean twelveString){ if(twelveString){ stringNotes[0] = "E, E"; stringNotes[1] = "A, A"; stringNotes[2] = "D, D"; stringNotes[3] = "G, G"; stringNotes[4] = "B, B"; stringNotes[5] = "E, E"; numberOfStrings = 12; } } public int getNumberOfStrings() { return numberOfStrings; } public void setNumberOfStrings(int strings) { if(strings == 12 || strings == 6) { if(strings == 12){ stringNotes[0] = "E, E"; stringNotes[1] = "A, A"; stringNotes[2] = "D, D"; stringNotes[3] = "G, G"; stringNotes[4] = "B, B"; stringNotes[5] = "E, E"; numberOfStrings = strings; } if(strings == 6) numberOfStrings = strings; }//if else System.out.println("***ERROR***Guitar can only have 6 or 12 strings***ERROR***"); } public void getStringNotes() { for(int i = 0; i < stringNotes.length; i++){ if(i == stringNotes.length - 1) System.out.println(stringNotes[i]); else System.out.print(stringNotes[i] + ", "); }//for }

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• Is "If a method is re-used without changes, put the method in a base class, else create an interface" a good rule-of-thumb?

  - by exizt

  A colleague of mine came up with a rule-of-thumb for choosing between creating a base class or an interface. He says: Imagine every new method that you are about to implement. For each of them, consider this: will this method be implemented by more than one class in exactly this form, without any change? If the answer is "yes", create a base class. In every other situation, create an interface. For example: Consider the classes cat and dog, which extend the class mammal and have a single method pet(). We then add the class alligator, which doesn't extend anything and has a single method slither(). Now, we want to add an eat() method to all of them. If the implementation of eat() method will be exactly the same for cat, dog and alligator, we should create a base class (let's say, animal), which implements this method. However, if it's implementation in alligator differs in the slightest way, we should create an IEat interface and make mammal and alligator implement it. He insists that this method covers all cases, but it seems like over-simplification to me. Is it worth following this rule-of-thumb?

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• A programmer who doesn't get to program - where to turn? [closed]

  - by Just an Anon

  I'm in my mid 20's, and have been working as a full time programmer / developer for the last ~6 years, with several years of part-time freelancing before this, and three straight years of freelancing in the middle of this short career. I work mostly with PHP and the Drupal framework. By and large, I focus on programming custom pieces of functionality; these, of course, vary greatly from project to project. I've got years of solid experience with OOP (have done some Java & C# years ago, too) including intensive experience with front-end development, and even some design work. I've lead small teams (2-4 people) of developers. And of course, given the large amount of freelancing, I've got decent project- & client-management skills. My problem is staying motivated at any place of employment. In the time mentioned I've worked (full-time) at six local companies. The longest I've stayed at any company was just over a year. I find that I'll get hired and be very excited and motivated for the first few months, but the work quickly gets "stale." By that I mean that the interesting components (ie. the programming) get done, and the rest of the work turns into boring cleanup (move a button, add text, change colours, add a field). I don't get challenged, and I don't feel like I'm learning anything new. This happens repeatedly time and time again, and I always end up leaving for either a new opportunity, or to freelance. I'm wondering if perhaps I've painted myself into a corner with the rather niche work market (although with very high demand and good compensation) and need to explore other career choices. Another possibility is that I may be choosing the wrong places of employment, mostly small agencies, and need to look into working for a larger, more established firm. I find programming, writing code, and architecting solutions very rewarding. When I'm working on an interesting problem I lose all sense of time and 14-16 hours can fly by like minutes. I get the same exciting feeling when I'm doing high-level planning of a complex system, breaking up the work and figuring out how everything will tie-in together. I absolutely hate doing small, "stupid" changes that pose no challenge, yet seem to make up more and more of my work. I want to find a workplace where I will get to work on such tasks, be challenged, and improve in all areas of product development. This maybe a programming job, management, architecture of desktop apps, or may be managing a taco stand on a beach in Mexico - I don't know, and I need some advice and real-world feedback. What are some job areas worth exploring? The requirements are fairly simple: working with computers interacting with others challenging decent pay (I'm making just short of 90k / year with a month of vacation & some benefits, and would like to stay in this range, but am willing to take a temporary cut in pay for a more interesting position) Any advice would be much appreciated!

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• Separating Db from business with Inherited classes using multiple views

  - by catalinux

  I have a software that has a car model that will be used in different views (listing, ads, detail page, carousel, up sell widget,etc). class CarModel extends DbModel{ } I look for a "nice way" (a combination of flexible, easy to maintain,etc) to have this used in views. I'm thinking at two different ways Having object views for each context CarViewBase{ var car;// of type CarModel function constructor(args){ //will instantienta internal variable car based on args } function getThumb(){ } function getTitle(){ } } CarListingView extends CarViewBase{ function getListing(){ } } CarAdsView extends CarViewBase{ //the busines rule changes for ads widget function getThumb(){ } } Extending directly the CarModel The challenges comes when My Car Model might need an abstract factory. Let's say I have a field on my car object that states the type of the car : a truck, or a bike, or van. How would affect that my object view? Let's say that getTitle() rule would be different for each type of it. How would you do it?

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• If an entity is composed, is it still a god object?

  - by Telastyn

  I am working on a system to configure hardware. Unfortunately, there is tons of variety in the hardware, which means there's a wide variety of capabilities and configurations depending on what specific hardware the software connects to. To deal with this, we're using a Component Based Entity design where the "hardware" class itself is a very thin container for components that are composed at runtime based on what capabilities/configuration are available. This works great, and the design itself has worked well elsewhere (particularly in games). The problem is that all this software does is configure the hardware. As such, almost all of the code is a component of the hardware instance. While the consumer only ever works against the strongly typed interfaces for the components, it could be argued that the class that represents an instance of the hardware is a God Object. If you want to do anything to/with the hardware, you query an interface and work with it. So, even if the components of an object are modular and decoupled well, is their container a God Object and the downsides associated with the anti-pattern?

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• Significant amount of the time, I can't think of a reason to have an object instead of a static class. Do objects have more benefits than I think?

  - by Prog

  I understand the concept of an object, and as a Java programmer I feel the OO paradigm comes rather naturally to me in practice. However recently I found myself thinking: Wait a second, what are actually the practical benefits of using an object over using a static class (with proper encapsulation and OO practices)? I could think of two benefits of using an object (both significant and powerful): Polymorphism: allows you to swap functionality dynamically and flexibly during runtime. Also allows to add new functionality 'parts' and alternatives to the system easily. For example if there's a Car class designed to work with Engine objects, and you want to add a new Engine to the system that the Car can use, you can create a new Engine subclass and simply pass an object of this class into the Car object, without having to change anything about Car. And you can decide to do so during runtime. Being able to 'pass functionality around': you can pass an object around the system dynamically. But are there any more advantages to objects over static classes? Often when I add new 'parts' to a system, I do so by creating a new class and instantiating objects from it. But recently when I stopped and thought about it, I realized that a static class would do just the same as an object, in a lot of the places where I normally use an object. For example, I'm working on adding a save/load-file mechanism to my app. With an object, the calling line of code will look like this: Thing thing = fileLoader.load(file); With a static class, it would look like this: Thing thing = FileLoader.load(file); What's the difference? Fairly often I just can't think of a reason to instantiate an object when a plain-old static-class would act just the same. But in OO systems, static classes are fairly rare. So I must be missing something. Are there any more advantages to objects other from the two that I listed? Please explain.

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• Associate a texture to an object (from a data-model, not graphical point of view).

  - by Raveline

  I'm writing a roguelike where objects and floor can be made of different materials. For instance, let's say we can have a wooden chair, an iron chair, a golden chair, and so on. I've got an Object class (I know, the name is terrible), which is more or less using a composite pattern, and a Material class. Material have different important properties (noise, color...). For the time being, there are 5 different instances of materials, created at the initialization of the game. How would connect an instance of Object with one of the 5 instances of materials ? I see three simple solutions : Using a pointer. Simple and brutal. Using an integer material-id, then get the materials out of a table when engine manipulates the object for various purposes (display, attack analysis, etc.). Not very beautiful, I think, and not very flexible. Using an integer material-id, then get the materials out of a std::map. A bit more flexible, but still not perfect. Do you see other possibilities ? If not, what would you choose (and why) ? Thanks in advance !

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• IXRepository and test problems

  - by Ridermansb

  Recently had a doubt about how and where to test repository methods. Let the following situation: I have an interface IRepository like this: public interface IRepository<T> where T: class, IEntity { IQueryable<T> Query(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression); // ... Omitted } And a generic implementation of IRepository public class Repository<T> : IRepository<T> where T : class, IEntity { public IQueryable<T> Query(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression) { return All().Where(expression).AsQueryable(); } } This is an implementation base that can be used by any repository. It contains the basic implementation of my ORM. Some repositories have specific filters, in which case we will IEmployeeRepository with a specific filter: public interface IEmployeeRepository : IRepository<Employee> { IQueryable<Employee> GetInactiveEmployees(); } And the implementation of IEmployeeRepository: public class EmployeeRepository : Repository<Employee>, IEmployeeRepository // TODO: I have a dependency with ORM at this point in Repository<Employee>. How to solve? How to test the GetInactiveEmployees method { public IQueryable<Employee> GetInactiveEmployees() { return Query(p => p.Status != StatusEmployeeEnum.Active || p.StartDate < DateTime.Now); } } Questions Is right to inherit Repository<Employee>? The goal is to reuse code once all implementing IRepository already been made. If EmployeeRepository inherit only IEmployeeRepository, I have to literally copy and paste the code of Repository<T>. In our example, in EmployeeRepository : Repository<Employee> our Repository lies in our ORM layer. We have a dependency here with our ORM impossible to perform some unit test. How to create a unit test to ensure that the filter GetInactiveEmployees return all Employees in which the Status != Active and StartDate < DateTime.Now. I can not create a Fake/Mock of IEmployeeRepository because I would be testing? Need to test the actual implementation of GetInactiveEmployees. The complete code can be found on Github

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• Android app, No error message but has stopped unexpectedly [migrated]

  - by user74722

  Does anyone know what is my problem. I do not have any compile error messages however when i run the app it crashes and stops unexpectedly. Here is my codes. Thank you in advance. ListView l ; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_final_project); String arr[]={"Red","Green","Blue","Yellow","Cyan"}; l=(ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView1); ArrayAdapter<String> adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(getApplicationContext(), android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, arr); l.setAdapter(adapter); Button buttonOne = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1); buttonOne.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v){ setContentView(R.layout.layout_save); // setContentView(R.layout.activity_final_project); //startActivity(new Intent("com.example.finalproject.layout_save")); } }); }

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• Which order to define getters and setters in? [closed]

  - by N.N.

  Is there a best practice for the order to define getters and setters in? There seems to be two practices: getter/setter pairs first getters, then setters (or the other way around) To illuminate the difference here is a Java example of getter/setter pairs: public class Foo { private int var1, var2, var3; public int getVar1() { return var1; } public void setVar1(int var1) { this.var1 = var1; } public int getVar2() { return var2; } public void setVar2(int var2) { this.var2 = var2; } public int getVar3() { return var3; } public void setVar3(int var3) { this.var3 = var3; } } And here is a Java example of first getters, then setters: public class Foo { private int var1, var2, var3; public int getVar1() { return var1; } public int getVar2() { return var2; } public int getVar3() { return var3; } public void setVar1(int var1) { this.var1 = var1; } public void setVar2(int var2) { this.var2 = var2; } public void setVar3(int var3) { this.var3 = var3; } } I think the latter type of ordering is clearer both in code and in class diagrams but I do not know if that is enough to rule out the other type of ordering.

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• populate uipicker view with results from core data DB using an NSArray

  - by Chris

  I am trying to populate a UIPickerView with the results of a NSFetchRequest. The results of the NSFetchRequest are then stored in an NSArray. I am using Core Data to interact with the SQLite DB. I have a simple class file that contains a UIPickerView that is associated with a storyboard scene in my project. The header file for the class looks like the following, ViewControllerUsers.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import "AppDelegate.h" @interface ViewControllerUsers : UIViewController <NSFetchedResultsControllerDelegate, UIPickerViewDelegate, UIPickerViewDataSource> { NSArray *dictionaries; } @property (nonatomic, strong) NSFetchedResultsController *fetchedResultsController; // Core Data @property (strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext; @property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *users; @property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIPickerView *uiPickerViewUsers; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIBarButtonItem *btnDone; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *btnChangePin; // added for testing purposes @property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *usernames; - (IBAction)dismissScene:(id)sender; - (IBAction)changePin:(id)sender; @end The implementation file looks like the following, ViewControllerUsers.m #import "ViewControllerUsers.h" @interface ViewControllerUsers () @end @implementation ViewControllerUsers // Core Data @synthesize managedObjectContext = _managedObjectContext; @synthesize uiPickerViewUsers = _uiPickerViewUsers; @synthesize usernames = _usernames; - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil { self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil]; if (self) { // Custom initialization } return self; } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view. // Core Data if (_managedObjectContext == nil) { _managedObjectContext = [(AppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate] managedObjectContext]; NSLog(@"After _managedObjectContext: %@", _managedObjectContext); } NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Account"]; NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Account" inManagedObjectContext:_managedObjectContext]; request.resultType = NSDictionaryResultType; request.propertiesToFetch = [NSArray arrayWithObject:[[entity propertiesByName] objectForKey:@"username"]]; request.returnsDistinctResults = YES; _usernames = [_managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:request error:nil]; NSLog (@"names: %@",_usernames); } -(NSInteger)numberOfComponentsInPickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView { //One column return 1; } -(NSInteger)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView numberOfRowsInComponent:(NSInteger)component { //set number of rows return _usernames.count; } -(NSString *)pickerView:(UIPickerView *)pickerView titleForRow:(NSInteger)row forComponent:(NSInteger)component { //set item per row return [_usernames objectAtIndex:row]; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } - (void)viewDidUnload { [self setBtnDone:nil]; [self setUiPickerViewUsers:nil]; [self setBtnChangePin:nil]; [super viewDidUnload]; } - (IBAction)dismissScene:(id)sender { [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; } - (IBAction)changePin:(id)sender { } @end The current code is causing the app to crash, but the NSLog is show the results of the NSFetchRequest in the NSArray. I currently think that I am not formatting the results of the NSFetchRequest in the NSArray properly if I had to take a guess. The crash log looks like the following, 2013-06-26 16:49:24.219 KegCop[41233:c07] names: ( { username = blah; }, { username = chris; }, { username = root; } ) 2013-06-26 16:49:24.223 KegCop[41233:c07] -[NSKnownKeysDictionary1 isEqualToString:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0xe54d9a0 2013-06-26 16:49:24.223 KegCop[41233:c07] Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[NSKnownKeysDictionary1 isEqualToString:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0xe54d9a0' First throw call stack:

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• R concentrating data frame

  - by user1631503

  I have a data frame like this >X_com Day_1 Day_2 Day_3 Day_4 Day_5 Day_6 Day_7 Day_8 Day_9 Day_10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I need to concentrate all the values into one column and add another column with "1;" So I did this > X_new=matrix(1,8,2) > X_new[1,]=paste(X_com[1,1], X_com[1,2],X_com[1,3],X_com [1,4],X_com[1,5],X_com[1,6],X_com[1,7],X_com[1,8],X_com [1,9],X_com[1,10], sep="") > X_new[2,]=paste(X_com[2,1], X_com[2,2],X_com[2,3],X_com [2,4],X_com[2,5],X_com[2,6],X_com[2,7],X_com[2,8],X_com [2,9],X_com[2,10], sep="") > X_new[3,]=paste(X_com[3,1], X_com[3,2],X_com[3,3],X_com [3,4],X_com[3,5],X_com[3,6],X_com[3,7],X_com[3,8],X_com [3,9],X_com[3,10], sep="") > X_new[4,]=paste(X_com[4,1], X_com[4,2],X_com[4,3],X_com [4,4],X_com[4,5],X_com[4,6],X_com[4,7],X_com[4,8],X_com [4,9],X_com[4,10], sep="") > X_new[5,]=paste(X_com[5,1], X_com[5,2],X_com[5,3],X_com [5,4],X_com[5,5],X_com[5,6],X_com[5,7],X_com[5,8],X_com [5,9],X_com[5,10], sep="") > X_new[6,]=paste(X_com[6,1], X_com[6,2],X_com[6,3],X_com [6,4],X_com[6,5],X_com[6,6],X_com[6,7],X_com[6,8],X_com [6,9],X_com[6,10], sep="") > X_new[7,]=paste(X_com[7,1], X_com[7,2],X_com[7,3],X_com [7,4],X_com[7,5],X_com[7,6],X_com[7,7],X_com[7,8],X_com [7,9],X_com[7,10], sep="") > X_new[8,]=paste(X_com[8,1], X_com[8,2],X_com[8,3],X_com [8,4],X_com[8,5],X_com[8,6],X_com[8,7],X_com[8,8],X_com [8,9],X_com[8,10], sep="") > X_new[1:8,2]="1;" > as.data.frame(X_new) V1 V2 1 0000000001 1; 2 0000000000 1; 3 0000000000 1; 4 0000000000 1; 5 0000000000 1; 6 0000000000 1; 7 0000000000 1; 8 0000000000 1; I believe there's definitely a faster way of achieving this but have no clue. The other problem is, I have over a thousand of data frame like this needs to be concentrated. I'm still learning how to loop these repetitive steps but is progressing quite slowly. If the original data frames were named uniquely, does that mean I have no choice but to work on each of them individually? Thank you in advance.

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• Object Oriented Perl interface to read from and write to a socket

  - by user654967

  I need a perl client-server implementation as a wrapper for a server in C#. A perl script passes the server address and port number and an input string to a module, this module has to create the socket and send the input string to the server. The data sent has to follow ISO-8859-1 encoding. On receiving the information, the client has to first receive 3 byte, then the next 8 bytes, this has the length of the data that has to be received next.. so based on the length the client has to read the next data. each of the data that is read has to be stored in a variable and sent another module for further processing. Currently this is what my perl client looks like..which I'm sure isn't right..could someone tell me how to do this..and set me on the right direction.. sub WriteInfo { my ($addr, $port, $Input) = @_; $socket = IO::Socket::INET->new( Proto => "tcp", PeerAddr => $addr, PeerPort => $port, ); unless ($socket) { die "cannot connect to remote" } while (1) { $socket->send($Input); } } sub ReadData { while (1) { my $ExecutionResult = $socket->recv( $recv_data, 3); my $DataLength = $socket->recv( $recv_data, 8); $DataLength =~ s/^0+// ; my $decval = hex($DataLength); my $Data = $socket->recv( $recv_data, $decval); return($Data); } thanks a lot.. Archer

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